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Journal articles on the topic 'Field crops – australia'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 29 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Unkovich, Murray, Jeff Baldock, and Steve Marvanek. "Which crops should be included in a carbon accounting system for Australian agriculture?" Crop and Pasture Science 60, no. 7 (2009): 617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp08428.

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Dryland agriculture is both a potential source and potential sink for CO2 and other greenhouse gases. Many carbon accounting systems apply simple emissions factors to production units to estimate greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes. However, in Australia, substantial variation in climate, soils, and management across >20 Mha of field crop sowings and >30 Mha of sown pastures in the intensive land use zone, provides substantial challenges for a national carbon accounting system, and simple emission factors are unlikely to apply across the region. In Australia a model framework has been developed

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2

Nevard, Timothy D., Ian Leiper, George Archibald, and Stephen T. Garnett. "Farming and cranes on the Atherton Tablelands, Australia." Pacific Conservation Biology 25, no. 2 (2019): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc18055.

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Australia’s two cranes, the brolga (Antigone rubicunda) and Australian sarus crane (Antigone antigone gillae), form dry-season flocks on the Atherton Tablelands in north Queensland, Australia, where they forage almost exclusively amongst planted crops. The long-term relationship between cranes and farmers is therefore critical to their conservation, especially as the cranes can sometimes cause significant economic damage to crops. We interviewed farmers to explore their current attitudes to cranes and their intentions for land use that might affect the birds. We found that most farmers tolerat

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3

Nordblom, Thomas, Saliya Gurusinghe, Andrew Erbacher, and Leslie A. Weston. "Opportunities and Challenges for Cover Cropping in Sustainable Agriculture Systems in Southern Australia." Agriculture 13, no. 3 (2023): 688. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13030688.

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Southern Australian farming systems operate predominantly under Mediterranean climatic conditions, which limit the choice of cover crops suitable for enhancement of ground cover and soil moisture retention, erosion control, atmospheric soil nitrogen (N) fixation, and weed suppression between cash crop rotations. Given that the successful establishment of cover crops is climate-driven and also influenced by edaphic factors such as soil pH and salinity, there has been increased interest by southern Australian producers in identifying potential cover crop species well adapted to specific Australi

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4

Daigle, Pearl Dadd, Karen Kirkby, Damian Collins, et al. "Virulence not linked with vegetative compatibility groups in Australian cotton Verticillium dahliae isolates." April 2020, no. 14(04):2020 (April 20, 2020): 633–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.20.14.04.p2208.

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Verticillium dahliae, the causal agent of Verticillium wilt, is a soil-borne ascomycete that infects numerous agriculturally important crops globally, including cotton. As a billion-dollar industry, cotton is economically important to Australia and the management of disease such as Verticillium wilt is key for the success of the industry. Internationally, defoliating V. dahliae isolates belonging to Vegetative Compatibility Group (VCG) 1A cause severe damage to cotton, while non-defoliating VCG2A isolates result in significantly less disease. However, in Australia, VCG2A is causing more severe

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Maino, James L., Matthew Binns, and Paul Umina. "No longer a west-side story – pesticide resistance discovered in the eastern range of a major Australian crop pest, Halotydeus destructor (Acari: Penthaleidae)." Crop and Pasture Science 69, no. 2 (2018): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp17327.

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The redlegged earth mite, Halotydeus destructor (Tucker) (Acari: Penthaleidae), is an important pest of pastures, broad-acre crops, and vegetables across southern Australia. Populations of H. destructor in Western Australia have been known to be resistant to pyrethroid and organophosphorus pesticides since 2006 and 2014, respectively. Resistant populations are currently widespread across Western Australia’s southern growing region but have, until now, remained undetected in the large south-eastern Australian range of H. destructor, despite ongoing resistance screening since 2006. Following rep

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6

Anderson, WK, GB Crosbie, and K. Lemsom. "Production practices for high protein, hard wheat in Western Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 35, no. 5 (1995): 589. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9950589.

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Field experiments were conducted at 18 sites over 4 years in the eastern and north-eastern wheatbelt of Western Australia where average annual rainfall is <400mm, to investigate suitable techniques for the production of high protein (>13%) wheat in an area that traditionally produces grain of a much lower average protein percentage. Wilgoyne yielded as well as, or better than, any of the cultivars accepted into the Special Hard (SH) grade in Western Australia but 5-10% less than cultivars suitable for the Australian Standard White (ASW) grade. Differences between cultivars were greatest

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7

Edwards, Owain R., Bernie Franzmann, Deborah Thackray, and Svetlana Micic. "Insecticide resistance and implications for future aphid management in Australian grains and pastures: a review." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 12 (2008): 1523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07426.

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Aphids can cause substantial damage to cereals, oilseeds and legumes through direct feeding and through the transmission of plant pathogenic viruses. Aphid-resistant varieties are only available for a limited number of crops. In Australia, growers often use prophylactic sprays to control aphids, but this strategy can lead to non-target effects and the development of insecticide resistance. Insecticide resistance is a problem in one aphid pest of Australian grains in Australia, the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae). Molecular analyses of field-collected samples demonstrate that amplified E4 es

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8

Siddique, K. H. M., and J. Sykes. "Pulse production in Australia past, present and future." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 37, no. 1 (1997): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea96068.

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Summary. Several cool- and warm-season pulse crops (grain legumes) are grown in rotation with cereals and pasture forming sustainable farming systems in Australia. Australian pulse production has increased rapidly over the past 25 years to about 2 x 106 t/year, mainly because of the increase in the area and yield of lupin production for stockfeed purposes. Pulses currently comprise only 10% of the cropping areas of Australia and this could be expanded to 16% as there are large areas of soil types suitable for a range of pulse crops and new better-adapted pulse varieties are becoming available.

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9

Jose, Shimi, and Radhika N. S. "Key Viruses of Pulses in Australia: General Detection and Management Methods." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 37, no. 5 (2025): 389–98. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2025/v37i55462.

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Pulse crops, including chickpeas, lentils, faba beans, field peas etc., are vital to Australia’s agricultural economy, supporting domestic consumption, exports, and sustainable farming through nitrogen fixation. However, viral diseases pose a significant threat, causing substantial yield losses and compromising crop quality. This concise review synthesizes current knowledge on major viruses affecting Australian pulse crops, such as alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), pea seed-borne mosaic virus (PSbMV), turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) and other

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10

Clouston, Annabel, Owain Edwards, and Paul Umina. "An insecticide baseline study of Australian broadacre aphids." Crop and Pasture Science 67, no. 2 (2016): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp15208.

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Brevicoryne brassicae (Linnaeus), Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Davis), Acyrthosiphon kondoi (Shinji), Aphis craccivora (Koch) and Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus) are among the most important aphid pests in Australian broadacre systems. In this study a leaf-dip method was used to assay pirimicarb, dimethoate, α-cypermethrin and imidacloprid against field populations collected from Victoria, New South Wales, South Australia, Western Australia and Queensland. This research established toxicity baseline data that will be important for future monitoring of insecticide responses in broadacre crops. It al

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11

Borger, Catherine P. D., Abul Hashem, and Shahab Pathan. "Manipulating Crop Row Orientation to Suppress Weeds and Increase Crop Yield." Weed Science 58, no. 2 (2010): 174–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-09-094.1.

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Crop rows oriented at a right angle to sunlight direction (i.e., east–west within the winter cropping system in Western Australia) may suppress weed growth through greater shading of weeds in the interrow spaces. This was investigated in the districts of Merredin and Beverley, Western Australian (latitudes of 31° and 32°S) from 2002 to 2005 (four trials). Winter grain crops (wheat, barley, canola, lupines, and field peas) were sown in an east–west or north–south orientation. Within wheat and barley crops oriented east–west, weed biomass (averaged throughout all trials) was reduced by 51 and 37

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12

Stott, Kerry J., Ashley J. Wallace, Uttam Khanal, et al. "Intercropping—Towards an Understanding of the Productivity and Profitability of Dryland Crop Mixtures in Southern Australia." Agronomy 13, no. 10 (2023): 2510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13102510.

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Intercropping using mixtures of dryland crop species for grain or seed production was investigated in southern Australia across a range of rainfall zones over three years. The objective was to understand the productivity and profitability of intercropping in extensive, high-input grain cropping systems. Previous research has shown large productivity benefits of mixtures; however, few farmers practice intercropping in Australia, and an analysis of profitability is needed to support future potential adoption. Experimental results showed strong mixture responses (in terms of yield, value and land

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13

Robertson, M. J., J. F. Holland, and R. Bambach. "Canola residues do not reduce establishment, growth, and yield of following summer crops." Crop and Pasture Science 60, no. 7 (2009): 640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp08387.

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Sowing of summer-growing species (e.g. grain sorghum, cotton, mungbeans, maize) into the stubble of recently harvested winter crops (e.g. wheat, barley, chickpea, canola) is practised widely in the north-eastern cropping zone of Australia. With the recent increase in canola area in the region, there are concerns that canola crop residues may be antagonistic to the germination, establishment, growth, and yield of summer crops, in addition to the well documented non-host effect of Brassica species on vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM). We report five field studies conducted at two locations

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14

Baker, G. H. "The population dynamics of the mediterranean snails Cernuella virgata, Cochlicella acuta (Hygromiidae) and Theba pisana (Helicidae) in pasture - cereal rotations in South Australia: a 20-year study." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 12 (2008): 1514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea08031.

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The snails Cernuella virgata, Cochlicella acuta and Theba pisana are introduced pests of grain crops and pastures in southern Australia. The population dynamics of these three species of snail were studied for 20 years in two adjacent fields where they coexisted on a farm on the Yorke Peninsula in South Australia. The fields were used for pasture–cereal rotations. Surveys were conducted in autumn and spring each year, coinciding respectively with the start of the breeding season and peak abundance of snails (mostly juveniles). Populations varied greatly in abundance between years and between s

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15

Kleemann, Samuel George Lloyd, and Gurjeet Singh Gill. "Seed Dormancy and Seedling Emergence in Ripgut Brome (Bromus diandrus) Populations in Southern Australia." Weed Science 61, no. 2 (2013): 222–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-12-00083.1.

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Ripgut brome is a difficult weed to manage in cereal crops of southern Australia because only a few herbicides can provide effective control in cereals. Knowledge of seed-dormancy mechanisms, germination ecology, and emergence behavior in the field could facilitate development of effective weed control programs for this weed species. Ripgut brome populations from cropping fields were found to possess much longer seed dormancy than that reported previously in the literature. Furthermore, some ripgut brome populations from cropping fields showed longer seed dormancy than those collected from adj

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16

Cox, B. A., H. Luo, and R. A. C. Jones. "Polymyxa graminis Isolates from Australia: Identification in Wheat Roots and Soil, Molecular Characterization, and Wide Genetic Diversity." Plant Disease 98, no. 11 (2014): 1567–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-02-14-0128-re.

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Polymyxa graminis is an obligate parasite of roots and an important vector of viruses that damage cereal crops in different parts of the world. In 2011 and 2012, P. graminis was identified infecting 11 wheat root samples from three widely dispersed locations in southwest Australia. Its presence was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and confirmed by DNA sequencing of the transcribed regions of its ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA) and observing sporosori of characteristic morphology and size in stained wheat roots. Also, when soil samples were collected from two locations where P. graminis w

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17

Mielenz, Henrike, Peter J. Thorburn, Robert H. Harris, et al. "Nitrous oxide emissions from grain production systems across a wide range of environmental conditions in eastern Australia." Soil Research 54, no. 5 (2016): 659. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr15376.

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Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Australian grain cropping systems are highly variable due to the large variations in soil and climate conditions and management practices under which crops are grown. Agricultural soils contribute 55% of national N2O emissions, and therefore mitigation of these emissions is important. In the present study, we explored N2O emissions, yield and emissions intensity in a range of management practices in grain crops across eastern Australia with the Agricultural Production Systems sIMulator (APSIM). The model was initially evaluated against experiments conducted a

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18

Kolkert, Heidi, Rhiannon Smith, Romina Rader, and Nick Reid. "Insectivorous bats provide significant economic value to the Australian cotton industry." Ecosystem Services 49 (June 12, 2021): 101280. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13469317.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Insectivorous bats exert top-down pressure on pest insect populations in agricultural systems globally. However, few economic estimates exist of their value as pest control agents in many high value crops. We calculated the economic benefit of direct predation of insect pests by bats and the damage averted to cotton yield, a high value commodity crop in Australia. Using a combination of bat dietary studies, average daily energy requirements (estimated by field metabolic rate), prey energy content and acoustic data of bat feeding attempts in co

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Kolkert, Heidi, Rhiannon Smith, Romina Rader, and Nick Reid. "Insectivorous bats provide significant economic value to the Australian cotton industry." Ecosystem Services 49 (June 7, 2021): 101280. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13469317.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Insectivorous bats exert top-down pressure on pest insect populations in agricultural systems globally. However, few economic estimates exist of their value as pest control agents in many high value crops. We calculated the economic benefit of direct predation of insect pests by bats and the damage averted to cotton yield, a high value commodity crop in Australia. Using a combination of bat dietary studies, average daily energy requirements (estimated by field metabolic rate), prey energy content and acoustic data of bat feeding attempts in co

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20

Kolkert, Heidi, Rhiannon Smith, Romina Rader, and Nick Reid. "Insectivorous bats provide significant economic value to the Australian cotton industry." Ecosystem Services 49 (July 3, 2021): 101280. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13469317.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Insectivorous bats exert top-down pressure on pest insect populations in agricultural systems globally. However, few economic estimates exist of their value as pest control agents in many high value crops. We calculated the economic benefit of direct predation of insect pests by bats and the damage averted to cotton yield, a high value commodity crop in Australia. Using a combination of bat dietary studies, average daily energy requirements (estimated by field metabolic rate), prey energy content and acoustic data of bat feeding attempts in co

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21

Kolkert, Heidi, Rhiannon Smith, Romina Rader, and Nick Reid. "Insectivorous bats provide significant economic value to the Australian cotton industry." Ecosystem Services 49 (July 10, 2021): 101280. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13469317.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Insectivorous bats exert top-down pressure on pest insect populations in agricultural systems globally. However, few economic estimates exist of their value as pest control agents in many high value crops. We calculated the economic benefit of direct predation of insect pests by bats and the damage averted to cotton yield, a high value commodity crop in Australia. Using a combination of bat dietary studies, average daily energy requirements (estimated by field metabolic rate), prey energy content and acoustic data of bat feeding attempts in co

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22

Kolkert, Heidi, Rhiannon Smith, Romina Rader, and Nick Reid. "Insectivorous bats provide significant economic value to the Australian cotton industry." Ecosystem Services 49 (July 17, 2021): 101280. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13469317.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Insectivorous bats exert top-down pressure on pest insect populations in agricultural systems globally. However, few economic estimates exist of their value as pest control agents in many high value crops. We calculated the economic benefit of direct predation of insect pests by bats and the damage averted to cotton yield, a high value commodity crop in Australia. Using a combination of bat dietary studies, average daily energy requirements (estimated by field metabolic rate), prey energy content and acoustic data of bat feeding attempts in co

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23

Bowmer, KH. "Atrazine persistence and toxicity in two irrigated soils of Australia." Soil Research 29, no. 2 (1991): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9910339.

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The persistence of atrazine in two contrasting irrigated soils from the Riverine Plain of south-eastern Australia was measured in the laboratory at three constant temperatures. Particularly at lower temperatures atrazine was more persistent, by an order of magnitude, than reported for soils overseas; but in two successive field experiments, encompassing both surface and incorporated applications of atrazine in the heavier soil, residues measured after about 7 months were within the range expected from the literature. The measured residues were 2-6 times smaller than predicted using a simulatio

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Ward, Samantha E., Paul A. Umina, Sarina Macfadyen, and Ary A. Hoffmann. "Hymenopteran Parasitoids of Aphid Pests within Australian Grain Production Landscapes." Insects 12, no. 1 (2021): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12010044.

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In grain crops, aphids are important pests, but they can be suppressed by hymenopteran parasitoids. A challenge in incorporating parasitoids into Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs, however, is that parasitoid numbers can be low during periods within the season when aphids are most damaging. Understanding the population dynamics of key aphid species and their parasitoids is central to ameliorating this problem. To examine the composition and seasonal trends of both aphid and parasitoid populations in south-eastern Australia, samples were taken throughout the winter growing seasons of 20

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Ward, Samantha E., Paul A. Umina, Sarina Macfadyen, and Ary A. Hoffmann. "Hymenopteran Parasitoids of Aphid Pests within Australian Grain Production Landscapes." Insects 12, no. 1 (2021): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12010044.

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In grain crops, aphids are important pests, but they can be suppressed by hymenopteran parasitoids. A challenge in incorporating parasitoids into Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs, however, is that parasitoid numbers can be low during periods within the season when aphids are most damaging. Understanding the population dynamics of key aphid species and their parasitoids is central to ameliorating this problem. To examine the composition and seasonal trends of both aphid and parasitoid populations in south-eastern Australia, samples were taken throughout the winter growing seasons of 20

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26

Horne, Paul A., Jessica Page, and Cam Nicholson. "When will integrated pest management strategies be adopted? Example of the development and implementation of integrated pest management strategies in cropping systems in Victoria." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 12 (2008): 1601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea08072.

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This paper discusses the development and implementation of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies for broadacre cropping in Victoria, Australia, with reference to other crops and also the levels of adoption of IPM in Australia and overseas. Levels and rates of adoption are mostly low but with some exceptions. The reasons for differing levels of adoption include the failure of strategies to successfully deal with all pests, the lack of motivation to change to using IPM given current successful pesticide-based controls, and the poor availability of IPM advisors in the field. This paper outl

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27

Malik, Raj S., Mark Seymour, Robert J. French, John A. Kirkegaard, Roger A. Lawes, and Mark A. Liebig. "Dynamic crop sequencing in Western Australian cropping systems." Crop and Pasture Science 66, no. 6 (2015): 594. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp14097.

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During the last two decades in Western Australia, the traditional mixed farming system has been increasingly displaced by intensive crop sequences dominated by wheat. Intensive wheat sequences are usually maintained by using suitable breaks, including pasture, fallow, or alternative cereal, oilseed and legume crops, to control weeds and disease, or maintain the supply of nitrogen to crops. New cereal fungicide options may also assist to maintain intensive cereal systems by suppressing soilborne cereal diseases. To guide the successful diversification of intensive cereal systems, we evaluated t

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Coutts, B. A., and R. A. C. Jones. "Incidence and distribution of viruses infecting cucurbit crops in the Northern Territory and Western Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 56, no. 8 (2005): 847. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar04311.

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During 2003–04, a survey was done to determine the incidence and distribution of virus diseases infecting cucurbit crops growing in the field at Kununurra, Broome, and Carnarvon in north-western Australia, Perth in south-western Australia, and Darwin and Katherine in the Northern Territory. Overall, 43 cucurbit-growing farms and 172 crops of susceptible cultivars were sampled. From each crop, shoot samples were collected from plants chosen at random and from symptomatic plants. Shoot samples were sometimes also collected from potential alternative virus hosts (cucurbit volunteer plants and wee

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29

Seymour, Mark, John A. Kirkegaard, Mark B. Peoples, Peter F. White, and Robert J. French. "Break-crop benefits to wheat in Western Australia – insights from over three decades of research." Crop and Pasture Science 63, no. 1 (2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp11320.

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Broadleaf break crops improve cereal yield through disease and weed control, increased nitrogen (N) availability and other mechanisms. In the rainfed farming systems of Australia the magnitude of the yield benefit is highly variable, yet is a major driver for adoption of break crops which are often less profitable and more risky than cereals. Declining area of break crops throughout Australia has re-ignited interest in better understanding the circumstances in which break-crop benefits can be maximised from a farming systems perspective. We compiled and analysed a database of 167 crop sequence

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30

Davidson, J. A., M. Krysinska-Kaczmarek, C. J. Wilmshurst, A. McKay, Herdina, and E. S. Scott. "Distribution and Survival of Ascochyta Blight Pathogens in Field-Pea-Cropping Soils of Australia." Plant Disease 95, no. 10 (2011): 1217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-01-11-0077.

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Phoma koolunga, Didymella pinodes, and P. medicaginis var. pinodella were detected in DNA extracted from soil following field pea crops across four states in the southeastern and western regions of Australia. P. koolunga was commonly detected in soil from South Australia but rarely in other states whereas D. pinodes plus P. medicaginis var. pinodella were widespread in all regions tested. The quantity of DNA of these pathogens detected in soils prior to growing field pea was positively correlated with ascochyta blight lesions on field pea subsequently grown in infested soil in a pot bioassay a

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Hollaway, G. J., T. W. Bretag, and T. V. Price. "The epidemiology and management of bacterial blight (Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi) of field pea (Pisum sativum) in Australia: a review." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 58, no. 11 (2007): 1086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar06384.

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Bacterial blight caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi is an important, but sporadic, disease of field peas (Pisum sativum) in Australia. The presence of P. syringae pv. pisi reduces the profitability of peas due to yield loss and, in some cases, it also limits Australia’s export of peas to some countries. Pseudomonoas syringae pv. pisi is primarily a seed-borne pathogen, but infected pea trash can be an important source of inoculum. Alternative hosts and soil are not regarded as epidemiologically important sources of inoculum. P. syringae pv. pisi survives, multiplies and spreads epiphytica

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Maina, Solomon, Brenda A. Coutts, Owain R. Edwards, et al. "Zucchini yellow mosaic virus Populations from East Timorese and Northern Australian Cucurbit Crops: Molecular Properties, Genetic Connectivity, and Biosecurity Implications." Plant Disease 101, no. 7 (2017): 1236–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-11-16-1672-re.

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Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) isolates from cucurbit crops growing in northern Australia and East Timor were investigated to establish possible genetic connectivity between crop viruses in Australia and Southeast Asia. Leaves from symptomatic plants of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata and C. maxima), melon (Cucumis melo), and zucchini (C. pepo) were sampled near Broome, Darwin, and Kununurra in northern Australia. Leaves from symptomatic plants of cucumber (C. sativus) and pumpkin sampled in East Timor were sent to Australia on FTA cards. These samples were subjected to high-throughput sequen

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Sarkar, Shovon Chandra, Séverin Hatt, Andrew Philips, Mahjuba Akter, Stephen Paul Milroy, and Wei Xu. "Tomato Potato Psyllid Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae) in Australia: Incursion, Potential Impact and Opportunities for Biological Control." Insects 14, no. 3 (2023): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects14030263.

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Incursion and establishment of an exotic pest may threaten natural habitats and disrupt ecosystems. On the other hand, resident natural enemies may play an important role in invasive pest control. Bactericera cockerelli, commonly known as the tomato-potato psyllid, is an exotic pest, first detected on mainland Australia in Perth, Western Australia, in early 2017. B. cockerelli causes direct damage to crops by feeding and indirectly by acting as the vector of the pathogen that causes zebra chip disease in potatoes, although the latter is not present in mainland Australia. At present, Australian

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HAKALA, K., M. KONTTURI, and K. PAHKALA. "Field biomass as global energy source." Agricultural and Food Science 18, no. 3-4 (2009): 347–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.23986/afsci.5950.

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Current (19972006) and future (2050) global field biomass bioenergy potential was estimated based on FAO (2009) production statistics and estimations of climate change impacts on agriculture according to emission scenario B1 of IPCC. The annual energy potential of raw biomass obtained from crop residues and bioenergy crops cultivated in fields set aside from food production is at present 122133 EJ, 8693 EJ or 4750 EJ, when a vegetarian, moderate or affluent diet is followed, respectively. In 2050, with changes in climate and increases in population, field bioenergy production potential cou

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Brock, Philippa M., Sally Muir, David F. Herridge, and Aaron Simmons. "Cradle-to-farmgate greenhouse gas emissions for 2-year wheat monoculture and break crop–wheat sequences in south-eastern Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 67, no. 8 (2016): 812. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp15260.

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We used life cycle assessment methodology to determine the cradle-to-farmgate GHG emissions for rainfed wheat grown in monoculture or in sequence with the break crops canola (Brassica napus) and field peas (Pisum sativum), and for the break crops, in the south-eastern grains region of Australia. Total GHG emissions were 225 kg carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2-e)/t grain for a 3 t/ha wheat crop following wheat, compared with 199 and 172 kg CO2-e/t for wheat following canola and field peas, respectively. On an area basis, calculated emissions were 676, 677 and 586 kg CO2-e/ha for wheat following

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Noack, S. R., T. M. McBeath, and M. J. McLaughlin. "Potential for foliar phosphorus fertilisation of dryland cereal crops: a review." Crop and Pasture Science 61, no. 8 (2010): 659. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp10080.

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Although not commonly used in dryland cropping systems to date, foliar phosphorus (P) fertilisation may allow a tactical response to prevailing seasonal climatic conditions, with the added benefit of reduced input costs at sowing. However, variable outcomes have been reported from field trials predominantly conducted in the USA, and to a lesser degree in Australia. The effectiveness of foliar P is dependent on soil P status, soil water status, crop type, fertiliser formulation and prevailing climatic conditions. This review argues that the potential of foliar P fertilisation in Australian dryl

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Alberts, E., J. Hannay, and JW Randles. "An epidemic of cucumber mosaic virus in South Australian lupins." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 36, no. 2 (1985): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9850267.

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Many Lupinus angustifolius crops in South Australia showed a high incidence of severe stunting and leaf epinasty during 1983. The epidemic was attributed to infection with cucumber mosaic virus. The virus was also recovered from Trifolium subterraneum cv. Geraldton, Medicago polymorpha, Vicia faba, Erodium sp. and Arctotheca calendula growing in or adjacent to lupin crops. The experimental host range of the virus included T. subterraneum cv. Clare, T. repens, Pisurn sativum, Vicia faba and Cicer arietinum. A seed transmission rate of 12-15% was demonstrated in field-infected lupins, and it is

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Shergill, Lovreet S., Benjamin Fleet, Christopher Preston, and Gurjeet Gill. "Management of ACCase-Inhibiting Herbicide-Resistant Smooth Barley (Hordeum glaucum) in Field Pea with Alternative Herbicides." Weed Technology 30, no. 2 (2016): 441–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-15-00099.1.

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Smooth barley is an annual weed species that is infesting crops and pastures in South Australia. Complicating control options is the presence of herbicide-resistant biotypes. A field trial was conducted to identify alternative herbicides for the management of acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibiting herbicide-resistant smooth barley in field pea. Preplant (PP) soil applications of pyroxasulfone; prosulfocarb plus S-metolachlor; dimethenamid-P; propyzamide; trifluralin alone or with triallate or with diuron; or imazamox applied POST were evaluated for their effectiveness and crop safet

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Humphries, A. W., X. G. Zhang, K. S. McDonald, R. A. Latta, and G. C. Auricht. "Persistence of diverse lucerne (Medicago sativa sspp.) germplasm under farmer management across a range of soil types in southern Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 59, no. 2 (2008): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar07037.

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The persistence of a diverse group of lucerne (Medicago sativa sspp.) germplasm was evaluated under farmer management across a range of acidic and neutral-alkaline soils at 8 sites in South and Western Australia. Dryland field trials were sown in parallel with commercial lucerne paddocks being grown in rotation with cereal crops, remaining unfenced and under management by the farmer for the life of the stand. The combined differences in soil type, grazing management, and low rainfall contributed to large differences in average lucerne persistence between sites in South Australia and Western Au

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Sadras, Victor, and M. Fernanda Dreccer. "Adaptation of wheat, barley, canola, field pea and chickpea to the thermal environments of Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 66, no. 11 (2015): 1137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp15129.

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Warming trends involve two agronomically relevant aspects: a gradual increase in long-term mean temperature with the primary effect of shifting phenological patterns, and an increasing incidence of heat waves. Depending on timing, intensity and duration, heat can reduce crop growth and disrupt reproduction. Agronomic and breeding adaptations to elevated temperature have been listed but there is an overall lack of frameworks for systematic analysis. This paper provides agronomic and physiological background for the quantitative assessment of spatial patterns of the thermal regimes for wheat, ba

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Brennan, Ross F., and Michael J. Bell. "Soil potassium—crop response calibration relationships and criteria for field crops grown in Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 64, no. 5 (2013): 514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13006.

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The Better Fertiliser Decision for Crops (BFDC) National Database holds historic data for 356 potassium (K) fertiliser rate experiments (431 treatment series) for different rain-fed grain crops and soil types across Australia. Bicarbonate-extractable K (Colwell soil-test K) is the most extensively used soil test reported in the database. Data are available for several crop species grown on a range of soil types from all states except Tasmania. Species represented and number of treatment series in the database are: wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), 254; barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), 5; canola (Brass

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Bailey, P., and J. Comery. "Management of Heliothis punctigera on field peas in south-eastern Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 27, no. 3 (1987): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9870439.

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Cypermethrin was found to be an effective substitute for DDT in controlling Heliothis punctigera in field peas. A single spray of cypermethrin prevented significant damage by larvae to field peas in trials in South Australia and Victoria over 3 seasons. Endosulfan was not as effective as cypermethrin. Bioassays of leaf discs dipped in cypermethrin showed that residues of 0.1 mg a.i. kg-1 caused 50% feeding inhibition, 0.43 mg a.i. kg-1 caused 90% feeding inhibition and concentrations above this caused increasing acute mortality to fourth instar larvae. Residues from field pea crops sprayed at

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Kleemann, Samuel G. L., and Gurjeet Gill. "Seed Germination and Seedling Recruitment Behavior of Winged Sea Lavender (Limonium lobatum) in Southern Australia." Weed Science 66, no. 4 (2018): 485–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2018.16.

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AbstractWinged sea lavender [Limonium lobatum(L.f. Chaz)] is emerging as a significant weed of field crops in southern Australia. Several environmental factors affecting germination and seedling recruitment were examined to provide a better understanding of the behavior of its seedbank. At maturity, weed seeds were dormant for a period of around 2 mo, but dormancy was easily broken with scarification or by pretreatment with 564 mM NaOCL for 30 min, which confirms the role of the seed coat in regulating seed germination. Exposure to light significantly increased germination. Seeds were able to

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Latham, L. J., and R. A. C. Jones. "Incidence of virus infection in experimental plots, commercial crops, and seed stocks of cool season crop legumes." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 52, no. 3 (2001): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar00079.

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Experimental plots of cool season crop legumes growing at diverse locations in Western Australia were inspected for plants with suspect virus symptoms over 4 growing seasons (1994, 1997, 1998, 1999), and plant samples were tested for infection with alfalfa mosaic (AMV), bean yellow mosaic (BYMV), cucumber mosaic (CMV), and pea seed-borne mosaic (PSbMV) viruses. All 4 viruses were detected in faba bean (Vicia faba); BYMV, CMV, and PSbMV in field pea (Pisum sativum); AMV, CMV, and PSbMV in lentil (Lens culinaris); and AMV and CMV in chickpea (Cicer arietinum). Among minor crop species, AMV, BYMV

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Bolan, NS, RE White, and MJ Hedley. "A review of the use of phosphate rocks as fertilizers for direct application in Australia and New Zealand." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 30, no. 2 (1990): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9900297.

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Field trials in New Zealand have shown that reactive phosphate rocks (RPRs) can be as effective as soluble P fertilisers, per kg of P applied, on permanent pastures that have a soil pH<6.0 (in water) and a mean annual rainfall >800 mm. Whereas RPRs such as North Carolina, Sechura, Gafsa and Chatham Rise have been evaluated on permanent pastures in New Zealand, most Australian field trials have examined unreactive PRs such as Christmas Island A and C grade, Nauru and Duchess, using annual plant species. Only in recent experiments has an RPR, North Carolina, been examined. Except on the hi

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Grundy, P. R., R. V. Sequeira, and K. S. Short. "Evaluating legume species as alternative trap crops to chickpea for management of Helicoverpa spp. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in central Queensland cotton cropping systems." Bulletin of Entomological Research 94, no. 6 (2004): 481–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ber2004327.

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AbstractMounting levels of insecticide resistance within Australian Helicoverpa spp. populations have resulted in the adoption of non-chemical IPM control practices such as trap cropping with chickpea, Cicer arietinum (L.). However, a new leaf blight disease affecting chickpea in Australia has the potential to limit its use as a trap crop. Therefore this paper evaluates the potential of a variety of winter-active legume crops for use as an alternative spring trap crop to chickpea as part of an effort to improve the area-wide management strategy for Helicoverpa spp. in central Queensland's cott

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Anderson, Geoffrey C., Ken I. Peverill, and Ross F. Brennan. "Soil sulfur—crop response calibration relationships and criteria for field crops grown in Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 64, no. 5 (2013): 523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13244.

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Accurate definition of the sulfur (S) soil test–crop grain yield increase (response) relationship is required before soil S test measurements can be used to if there are likely to be responses to S fertilisers. An analysis was done using the Better Fertiliser Decision for Crops (BFDC) National Database using a web application (BFDC Interrogator) to develop calibration relationships between soil S tests (KCl-40 and MCP) using a selection of sampling depths and grain relative yields (RY). Critical soil test values (CSTV) and critical soil test ranges (CSTR) were defined at RY 90%. The ability of

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Thomas, Dean T., Roger A. Lawes, Katrien Descheemaeker, and Andrew D. Moore. "Selection of crop cultivars suited to the location combined with astute management can reduce crop yield penalties in pasture cropping systems." Crop and Pasture Science 65, no. 10 (2014): 1022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13436.

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Pasture cropping is an emerging farming-systems practice of southern Australia, in which winter grain crops are sown into an established stand of a winter-dormant, summer-growing perennial pasture. There is a pressing need to define times, locations and climates that are suitable for pasture cropping. To evaluate effects of management interventions, agro-environment, and possible interactions on crop and pasture productivity associated with pasture cropping, an AusFarm® simulation model was built to describe a pasture-cropping system based on annual crop and subtropical grass. The model was pa

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Bretag, TW, PJ Keane, and TV Price. "Effect of Ascochyta blight on the grain yield of field peas (Pisum sativum L.) grown in southern Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 35, no. 4 (1995): 531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9950531.

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Field experiments were conducted to determine the crop losses caused by ascochyta blight in different pea varieties grown in Victoria. For each variety, the reduction in yield associated with disease was determined by comparing grain yields in plots not sprayed with fungicide (disease present) and plots where the disease was controlled with fungicide sprays (no disease). There was considerable variation between pea varieties and lines in disease severity and crop losses. Individual varieties had different levels of tolerance to disease, and there were large differences between varieties in the

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Sudsanguan, Manorat, Roger G. Shivas, Yu Pei Tan, et al. "Maize Downy Mildew (Peronosclerospora neglecta) in Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Thailand." Chiang Mai Journal of Science 51, no. 4 (2024): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.12982/cmjs.2024.062.

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Peronosclerospora species cause downy mildew diseases on maize (Zea mays) worldwide. Maize leaves with symptoms of downy mildew were collected from field crops in Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Thailand, during surveys between 2018 and 2022. Initial determination of the presence of downy mildew on specimens was determined microscopically by the presence of conidiophores and/or oospores in leaf tissue. Phylogenetic analyses of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (cox2) gene sequences showed that all specimens were Peronosclerospora neglecta. Reference specimens from Thailand were deposited at the Thai

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