Academic literature on the topic 'Field defect'

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Journal articles on the topic "Field defect"

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GÜNDOĞAN, Medine, and Arzu ŞAHİN ŞEKERCİ. "Visual Field Patterns in Optic Neuropathy." Güncel Retina Dergisi (Current Retina Journal) 9, no. 2 (2024): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.37783/crj-0452.

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The optic nerve is susceptible to a wide variety of pathological processes. In optic neuropathy, quantitative visual field analysis using standard automated perimetry is critical in initial diagnosis, monitoring disease progression, and guiding treatment plans. While acquired visual field defects may progress rapidly, congenital visual field defects may not progress or may progress slowly. Although the most common defect in congenital or acquired optic neuropathy is the central defect, many defect types that are not pathognomonic to the disease can be seen. In ischemic optic neuropathy, which
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Ling, Xiulan, Xin Chen, and Xiaofeng Liu. "Revisiting Defect-Induced Light Field Enhancement in Optical Thin Films." Micromachines 13, no. 6 (2022): 911. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13060911.

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Based on a finite-difference time-domain method, we revisited the light field intensification in optical films due to defects with different geometries. It was found that defect can induce the local light intensification in optical films and the spherical defects resulted in the highest light intensification among the defect types investigated. Light intensification can increase with defect diameter and the relative refractive index between the defect and the film layer. The shallow defects tended to have the highest light intensification. Finally, the extinction coefficient of the defect had
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Leelavathamma, T., C. S. Sandhya, Kiran Jyothi B., G. R. Narmada Devi, and Silpa M. "Study of Visual Field Defects in Neuro-Ophthalmology Cases at SVRRGG Hospital, Tirupathi - A Cross-Sectional Study." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 10, no. 45 (2021): 3864–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2021/781.

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BACKGROUND Visual field defects are caused by different lesions affecting different sites of visual pathway. Most common causes include stroke and intracranial space occupying lesions. Assessment of visual field defect helps in localization of the lesion along with measurement of the defect. The purpose of this study was to record different types of visual field defects in neuro-ophthalmic diseases. METHODS This cross-sectional observational study was conducted between February 2016 and March 2018 at Department of Ophthalmology, SVRRGG Hospital. Visual field testing was done by confrontation m
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Hu, Ran, Weixin Sun, Xu Lu, et al. "Effect of Interface Defects on the Harmonic Currents in Distribution Cable Accessories under Damp Conditions." Coatings 13, no. 8 (2023): 1430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13081430.

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Dampness is one of the most important factors leading to the degradation of the insulation performance of cable accessories; it may easily lead to interface defects of composite insulation. In this paper, an electromagnetic field defect model of the cable composite insulation interface is established, and the effects of the defect degree and the defect type on the magnetic flux and the harmonic current are studied. The results show that the magnetic field is uniformly distributed with a decreasing trend when the cable is in good condition, and the grounding current has no obvious harmonic comp
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CAUDRELIER, V. "ON A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO DEFECTS IN CLASSICAL INTEGRABLE FIELD THEORIES." International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics 05, no. 07 (2008): 1085–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219887808003223.

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We present an inverse scattering approach to defects in classical integrable field theories. Integrability is proved systematically by constructing the generating function of the infinite set of modified integrals of motion. The contribution of the defect to all orders is explicitely identified in terms of a defect matrix. The underlying geometric picture is that those defects correspond to Bäcklund transformations localized at a given point. A classification of defect matrices as well as the corresponding defect conditions is performed. The method is applied to a collection of well-known inte
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de Pádua Santos, A., F. Moraes, F. A. N. Santos, and S. Fumeron. "An Abelian Higgs model for disclinations in nematics." Condensed Matter Physics 26, no. 1 (2023): 13506. http://dx.doi.org/10.5488/cmp.26.13506.

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Topological defects in elastic media may be described by a geometric field akin to three-dimensional gravity. From this point of view, disclinations are line defects of zero width corresponding to a singularity of the curvature in an otherwise flat background. On the other hand, in two dimensions, the Frank free energy of a nematic liquid crystal may be interpreted as an Abelian Higgs Lagrangian. In this work, we construct an Abelian Higgs model coupled to ``gravity'' for the nematic phase, with the perspective of finding more realistic disclinations. That is, a cylindrically symmetric line de
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Tanushree, V., Bekal Deeksha, P. Madhuri, and Musthafa Ayesha. "Clinical Study of Visual Field Defects in Occipital Lobe Lesions." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 2 (2023): 812–16. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12819406.

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<strong>Background:&nbsp;</strong>Visual field defect due to occipital lobe lesion can impair day-to-day activities and reduce the quality of life. Occipital lobe lesion usually do not cause neurological manifestation other than visual field defects. Hence visual field assessment is an important tool to localise the same.&nbsp;<strong>Methods:&nbsp;</strong>All patients detected with occipital lobe lesions on neuroimaging were included in the study for a duration of one year. Visual field defects were examined on the Humphrey visual field analyser.&nbsp;<strong>Results:&nbsp;</strong>Total 4 p
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Xu, Wen Ji, Ji Shang Jiang, Xu Yue Wang, and Wen Qing Song. "Temperature Field Model in Plasma Arc Forming of Laminated Clad Metal Sheets Containing Defects." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 4160–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.4160.

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A FEM model, based on the structural characteristics of laminated clad metal sheets (LCMS) containing defects, was developed to study the variations of temperature field in the flexible forming using plasma arc. The typical LCMS Q235A/1Cr18Ni9Ti was selected as the sample, and the effects of different defects in the bonding interface on the temperature field were analyzed. The results show that the peak value of temperature containing defect is 107 oC higher than that without defect under the same processing parameters. The peak values of temperature and temperature difference increase with th
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He, Shaobo, Liang Yang, Li Li, and Xiao-Tao Zu. "The Electric Field Modulation by Hemisphere Damage Sites in Fused Silica Subsurface." Advances in Condensed Matter Physics 2014 (2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/843261.

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The effect of defect density on the electric field modulation to incident laser is investigated in this work. Based on the actual defect distribution in fused silica subsurface, the three-dimension grid model of defect sites is constructed firstly. Then, the three-dimension finite-difference time-domain method is developed to solve the Maxwell equations. The electric field intensity in the vicinity of the defect sites located in front subsurface of fused silica is numerically calculated. The relationships between the maximal electric field intensity in fused silica and the geometry of the defe
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Oyabu, Yota, Yoshikazu Ohara, Toshihiro Tsuji, and Tsuyoshi Mihara. "Dark-field ultrasonic imaging method using mode-converted longitudinal evanescent field." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 61, SG (2022): SG1042. http://dx.doi.org/10.35848/1347-4065/ac4add.

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Abstract We propose a dark-field evanescent imaging method to visualize surface/subsurface micro defects with a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). This method utilizes the mode-converted longitudinal evanescent field (MCLEF) generated at defects by the incidence of a shear (S) wave. When an incident S wave only has the in-plane displacement on the top surface of a specimen, the 2D scan of a laser Doppler vibrometer, that can only measure out-of-plane displacements, can selectively probe the MCLEF with out-of-plane displacements. Note that the MCLEF can be generated even at a defect that is much
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Field defect"

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Howard, Neil John. "Defect-tolerant Field-Programmable Gate Arrays." Thesis, University of York, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359290.

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Audet, Yves. "A magnetic field sensor array using redundancy schemes for defect avoidance." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0024/NQ51838.pdf.

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Simm, Anthony. "Quantitative interpretation of magnetic field measurements in eddy current defect detection." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1809.

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For many years, the theoretical and experimental study of eddy current non-destructive evaluation (NDE) has been conducted separately, as most models were not suited to practical industrial applications. The aim of this work is to bridge this gap by investigating the relationship between magnetic fields and defects using both modelling and experimental study and to link these results to quantitative NDE. In this work, 3D FEM numerical simulations are used to predict the response of an eddy current probe being scanned over the area of a defect and understand the underlying change in magnetic fi
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Zhang, Yanjing. "Electric and magnetic contributions and defect interactions in remote field eddy current techniques." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq22507.pdf.

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Wong, Justin Jong Leong Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "The role of DNA methylation in the development of colorectal neoplasia." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Medical Sciences, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43359.

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DNA methylation is increasingly recognised as a significant epigenetic event that may initiate and drive the process of neoplasia in humans. In the colon, DNA methylation of key genes is common in a subset of colorectal cancers. The extent to which DNA methylation at various genes contributes to initiation of colorectal neoplasms is less clear. This study sought to clarify the biological and clinicopathological significance of methylation of various genes in the development of sporadic and familial colorectal neoplasia. Quantitative methylation-specific PCR (qMSP) assays (capable of detecting
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Lotharukpong, Chalothorn. "Defect characterisation in multi-crystalline silicon." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a803fada-2296-41c3-9d96-864c186957a2.

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Electron beam induced current (EBIC) and atom probe tomography (APT) were used in this study to determine electrical activities and impurity compositions at extended defects in multicrystalline silicon (mc-Si) samples. The results provide, for the first time, information regarding the chemical species present at defects whose electrical activity has previously been measured. A new APT specimen fabrication process was developed with the ability to select a specific defect for APT analysis. Development of the APT specimen fabrication process proceeded by first selecting and optimising the prefer
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Cai, Sophie. "Clinical Correlates of Computationally Derived Visual Field Defect Archetypes in Patients From a Glaucoma Clinic." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17295912.

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Purpose: Glaucoma diagnosis and monitoring would benefit from a quantitative visual field (VF) classification system like VF archetypal analysis, where Elze et al. showed that any VF can be represented as a weighted sum of 17 archetype (AT) patterns. We assessed the clinical construct validity of this system by testing for clinical correlates of VF ATs. Methods: From 30,995 reliable Humphrey VFs (24-2), 243 patients were retrospectively selected, comprising the 10 to 20 patients whose VFs had the highest decomposition coefficients for each AT. Corresponding patient systemic and ocular charact
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Nawaz, Ali. "Modification of charge transport properties in defect-free poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) field-effect transistors." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/53109.

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Orientador: Prof. Dr. Ivo Alexandre Hümmelgen<br>Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Exatas, Curso de Pós-Graduação em Física. Defesa: Curitiba, 15/12/2017<br>Inclui referências : f. 93-102<br>Resumo: O trabalho atual investiga a melhoria das propriedades de transporte de carga em transistores de efeito de campo de baixa tensão (FETs), que utilizam poli(3-hexiltiofeno-2,5-diil) (P3HT) não-100% e 100% regioregular como os semicondutores orgânicos, e poli(álcool vinílico) reticulado (cr-PVA) como isolante. O trabalho de pesquisa realizado durante o projeto pode s
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Söderberg, Alexander. "Anomalous Dimensions in the WF O(N) Model with a Monodromy Line Defect." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teoretisk fysik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-317546.

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General ideas in the conformal bootstrap program are covered. Both numerical and analytical approaches to the bootstrap equation are reviewed to show how it can be manipulated in different ways. Further analytical approaches are studied for theories with defects. We consider the three-dimensional CFT at the corresponding WF fixed point in the O(N) \phi^4 model with a co-dimension two, monodromy defect. Anomalous dimensions for bulk- and defect-local fields as well as one of the OPE coefficients are found to the first loop order. Implications of inserting this defect and constraints that arises
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Johnson, Jay Tillay. "Defect and thickness inspection system for cast thin films using machine vision and full-field transmission densitometry." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37234.

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Quick mass production of homogeneous thin film material is required in paper, plastic, fabric, and thin film industries. Due to the high feed rates and small thicknesses, machine vision and other nondestructive evaluation techniques are used to ensure consistent, defect-free material by continuously assessing post-production quality. One of the fastest growing inspection areas is for 0.5-500 micrometer thick thin films, which are used for semiconductor wafers, amorphous photovoltaics, optical films, plastics, and organic and inorganic membranes. As a demonstration application, a prototype ro
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Books on the topic "Field defect"

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Center, NASA Glenn Research, ed. Defect localization capabilities of a global detection scheme: Spatial pattern recognition using full-field vibration test data in plates. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 2002.

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Saleeb, Atef F. Defect localization capabilities of a global detection scheme: Spatial pattern recognition using full-field vibration test data in plates. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 2002.

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Skorkovská, Karolína, ed. Homonymous Visual Field Defects. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52284-5.

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Barrat, Julien. Line Defects in Conformal Field Theory. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-71348-4.

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Fleetwood, Daniel. Defects in microelectronic materials and devices. CRC Press, 2008.

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Edelen, Dominic G. B. Gauge theory and defects in solids. North-Holland, 1988.

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Kleinert, Hagen. Gauge fields in condensed matter. World Scientific, 1989.

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Kleinert, Hagen. Gauge fields in condensed matter. World Scientific, 1989.

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Center, NASA Glenn Research, ed. Electrical impact of SiC structural crystal defects on high electric field devices. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 1999.

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Canada. Dept. of Militia and Defence., ed. Manual of field artillery exercises. 2nd ed. s.n.], 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Field defect"

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Li, Wei, Xin’an Yuan, Jianming Zhao, Xiaokang Yin, and Xiao Li. "Design and Testing of High-Resolution Probe Arrays Using Alternating Current Field Measurement Technique." In Alternating Current Field Measurement Technique for Detection and Measurement of Cracks in Structures. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-7255-1_5.

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AbstractFor the large space of sensor array in the alternating current field measurement (ACFM) probe, the spatial resolution of the measured distorted magnetic image is low above defects. As a result, the accurate morphology of defects cannot be reconstructed. In this paper, a novel ACFM probe array and testing system are set up based on the high resolution TMR magnetic field sensor array for the high-resolution imaging of distorted magnetic field. The finite element simulation model of ACFM is established. The induced electromagnetic field distortion law around the different defects is analy
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Wołczyński, Waldemar. "Concentration Micro-Field for Lamellar Eutectic Growth." In Defect and Diffusion Forum. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-54-x.123.

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Wierzba, Bartłomiej, Marek Danielewski, Renata Bachorczyk Nagy, and Maciej Pietrzyk. "The Stress Field in Cu-Fe-Ni Diffusion Couples." In Defect and Diffusion Forum. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-41-8.47.

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Olemskoi, A. I., and A. V. Khomenko. "Field Theory of Crystal Defect Structure." In Thermodynamics, Microstructures and Plasticity. Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0219-6_23.

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Mishra, Mahim. "Scalable Defect Tolerance Beyond the SIA Roadmap." In Field Programmable Logic and Application. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30117-2_169.

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Osinskaya, J. V., and A. V. Pokoev. "The Ageing of Beryllium Bronze in the Pulse Magnetic Field." In Defect and Diffusion Forum. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-55-8.81.

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Dłużewski, Paweł. "Nonlinear Field Theory of the Stress Induced Interdiffusion and Mass Transport." In Defect and Diffusion Forum. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-41-8.63.

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Osinskaya, J. V., A. V. Pokoev, and N. S. Perov. "The Magneto-Plastic Effect at Beryllium Bronze after Aging in the Constant Magnetic Field." In Defect and Diffusion Forum. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-17-5.111.

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Yi, M., and B. X. Xu. "A real-space and constraint-free phase field model for the microstructure of ferromagnetic shape memory alloys." In Defect and Material Mechanics. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51632-5_5.

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Belova, Irina V., D. Samuelis, M. Martin, and Graeme E. Murch. "Cation Diffusion and Demixing in Yttria Stabilized Zirconia: Comparison of Assumptions of Constant Electric Field and Constant Current." In Defect and Diffusion Forum. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-36-1.247.

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Conference papers on the topic "Field defect"

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Xu, Luyao, and Frank Cheng. "A Direct Assessment of Effectiveness of Cathodic Protection at Corrosion Defect on Pipelines." In CORROSION 2014. NACE International, 2014. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2014-3850.

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Abstract In this work, the effectiveness of cathodic protection (CP) at corrosion defects on an UNS T30102† steel pipeline was investigated both experimentally and numerically. A finite element model was developed to simulate distribution of local potential inside the defect. Results demonstrated that there is a non-uniform potential distribution at corrosion defects. The CP is shielded, at least partially, at the defect, especially at its bottom. This effect is enhanced with increasing depth and decreasing width of the defect. Empirical equations are derived to enable calculation of CP effect
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Yang, Minan, Wenjie Yang, Jiaqi Wang, Jiegang Peng, and Xu Lin. "Underwater Pipeline Defect Detection Method Based on Active Electric Field." In 2024 4th International Conference on Industrial Automation, Robotics and Control Engineering (IARCE). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/iarce64300.2024.00012.

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Liang, Yiling, and Lulu Tian. "Magneto-Optical Imaging and Defect Detection Under Pulsed Magnetic Field Excitation." In 2024 Academic Conference of China Instrument and Control Society (ACCIS). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/accis62068.2024.10948676.

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Shao, Weilin, Xiangji Meng, Yaofeng Wu, and Jinzhong Chen. "Crack Defect Detection Based on Multi-frequency Balanced Electromagnetic Field Measurements." In 2024 IEEE 8th Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System Integration (EI2). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/ei264398.2024.10991768.

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Ruschau, G. R., and A. R. Kowalski. "Field Investigation of Aboveground Techniques for Detecting Coating Anomalies." In CORROSION 2006. NACE International, 2006. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2006-06191.

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Abstract Aboveground coating condition surveys were conducted at several locations on a pipeline scheduled for rehabilitation. The methods included direct current voltage gradient (DCVG), alternating current voltage gradient (ACVG), and pipeline current mapper (PCM). The results of the surveys were compared with visual examinations of the coating condition after excavation of the pipelines. The overall objective was to determine the limitations/resolution of equipment typically used for modern aboveground ECDA work with respect to locating holidays and disbondments in the common coatings with
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Zhang, Jianhua, Junni Su, Kai Liu, and Chao Yuan. "Simulation Study on Electric Field of Control Cable with Air Gap Defect." In 2024 4th International Conference on Energy Engineering and Power Systems (EEPS). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/eeps63402.2024.10804369.

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Roa Aguirre, Alexis, Jose Francisco Gomes, Leandro Hayato Ymai, and Abraham Hirsz Zimerman. "Thirring Model with Jump Defect." In 5th International School on Field Theory and Gravitation. Sissa Medialab, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.081.0031.

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Maidee, Pongstorn, and Kia Bazargan. "Defect-Tolerant FPGA Architecture Exploration." In 2006 International Conference on Field Programmable Logic and Applications. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fpl.2006.311253.

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Dai, Guang, Wei Li, Zhijun Yang, and Yali Wang. "Research on Quantitative Method and 3D Finite Element Analysis of Tank Bottom Corrosion Defect Leakage Magnetic Field." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57288.

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According to the principle of magnetic flux leakage testing and the finite element numerical simulation, 3D finite element model (FEM) for MFL testing of tank bottom was established. Through simulative analysis, influence law between defect size and defect magnetic flux leakage field and the relationship curve of defect leakage magnetic field change with its size was obtained. The result showed that: When the length vary with sequence, the peak valley length of defects leakage magnetic signal increase with the increase of defect length, the relationship curve between each other is approximate
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Ellinger, Matthew A., Thomas A. Bubenik, and Pamela J. Moreno. "ILI-to-Field Data Comparisons: What Accuracy Can You Expect?" In 2016 11th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2016-64526.

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Det Norske Veritas (U.S.A.), Inc. (DNV GL) prepared this paper in order to study the expected accuracy of in-line inspections (ILI) as a function of year, depth (both reported and field measured), and length, amongst other factors. DNV GL has access to a significant amount of data that span many different pipeline operators, ILI vendors, inspection years, and inspection technologies. DNV GL is well suited to complete this study as a result of our access to these various data sets. Over 3,000 individual comparisons of ILI and field depths and lengths spanning from 2010 through 2015 from 11 oper
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Reports on the topic "Field defect"

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Lord. L51595 Remote Field Eddy Current Crack and Defect Detection. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010562.

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Presents the results of an investigation to exploit the potential for using the increased sensitivity to inner and outer pipe wall in homogeneities of remote field eddy current technology to detect stress corrosion cracking. The investigation is focused on the application of finite element analysis to RFEC probe simulation and design. See also L51513.
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Murray, A. B. Temporal Evolution of Ripple-Field Characteristics: A Defect-Dynamic Approach. Defense Technical Information Center, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada610260.

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Murray, A. B. Temporal Evolution of Ripple-Field Characteristics: A Defect-Dynamic Approach. Defense Technical Information Center, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada572568.

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Nestleroth, Dr J. Bruce. PR-3-823-R01 Remote Field Eddy Current Detection of Stress-Corrosion Cracks. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011870.

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The feasibility of detecting stress-corrosion cracks (SCC) using the Remote Field Eddy Current (RFEC) technique was demonstrated. The RFEC technique interrogates the entire thickness of the pipe and is applicable for in-line inspection. If it can be shown that the RFEC technique is effective in detecting SCC, then the technique is an ideal method for detecting the defects of interest. A defect detection model is proposed for explaining the mechanism for crack detection. For axially orientated, closed cracks, such as SCC, the conventional defect detection model proved to be too simplistic and n
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Teitsma, Albert. L52091 Better Understanding of Mechanical Damage in Pipelines. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011829.

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This report summarizes work done at the Battelle Memorial Institute, (Nestleroth, 2003) and the Southwest Research Institute (Chell, 2003) on "Better Understanding of Mechanical Damage in Pipelines" for DOT and GTI under the direction of the Gas Technology Institute. Battelle Memorial Institute concentrated on developing MFL technologies for detecting and characterizing mechanical damage defects. Combining axial and circumferential MFL, provides sensitivity to defects of all orientations, accurately determines the width and length of a defect, and more accurately predicts defect depths due to
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Yan, M., J. McWhirter, T. Huser, and W. Siekhaus. Defect studies of optical materials using near-field scanning optical microscopy and spectroscopy. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15004114.

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Lank and Mudge. L51785 Development of Long Range Ultrasonic Methods of Assessing Pipeline Condition. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010654.

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The purpose of this phase of the work was to establish the performance of the technique with regard to defect detection, so that its application as a field inspection tool could be assessed. To this end, trials were conducted at the GRI West Jefferson Pipeline Simulation Facility near Columbus, Ohio, on a 24in. diameter specimen, situated in the pull rig, containing 128 controlled, well documented metal loss defects, used primarily to assess resolution of internal inspection tools. : An extensive study was carried out on this specimen, which enabled firm conclusions to be drawn about the defec
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Nestleroth. L51657 Remote Field Eddy Current Detection of Stress-Corrosion Cracks - Phase II. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010619.

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Stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) can occur in gas transmission pipelines. These cracks initiate on the exterior of the bulk pipe material and grow in the axial and radial direction. Access for comprehensive nondestructive inspection systems is generally limited to inside the pipe itself. Since these defects can lead to leaks and failures, a need of the gas pipeline industry is the in-line detection and characterization of stress-corrosion cracks. Previous research has shown the remote field eddy current (RFEC) technique can detect SCC in gas transmission lines. The objective of this program is
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Ting, Wang, and Jeff Sutherland. PR-469-143708-R02 In-line Inspection and Assessment for Pipeline Girth Weld Defects. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011487.

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During 2010 to 2012, the United States reported a total of eight girth weld failures and economic loss amounted to $4,382,000 [Summarized from data provided by PHMSA, http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/pipeline/library/data-stats/flagged-data-files]. PRCI has several projects (current and historic) that investigate various integrity concerns of vintage girth weld defects. Globally, the integrity of girth welds of oil and gas pipelines has increased as a concern due to failures with high consequences. A primary integrity issue to pipelines that has been the motivation of this project, considers defects o
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Pope and Pope. L51653 Fracture Behavior of Girth Welds Containing Natural Defects Comparison with Existing Standards. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010132.

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The first use of radiographic standards for inspection and acceptance of finished girth welds was adopted by API in 1953. This standard was largely based on the Unfired Pressure Vessel Code� which was adopted by ASME in 1931. At that time and to this day, weld defect acceptance standards are based on workmanship principles. In other words, the so called "Workmanship defect acceptance standards"� reflect the weld quality levels produced by. a trained welder using satisfactory materials, equipment and procedures. For many years exclusive use was made of the API 1104 workmanship defect acceptance
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