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Journal articles on the topic 'Field defect'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

GÜNDOĞAN, Medine, and Arzu ŞAHİN ŞEKERCİ. "Visual Field Patterns in Optic Neuropathy." Güncel Retina Dergisi (Current Retina Journal) 9, no. 2 (2024): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.37783/crj-0452.

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The optic nerve is susceptible to a wide variety of pathological processes. In optic neuropathy, quantitative visual field analysis using standard automated perimetry is critical in initial diagnosis, monitoring disease progression, and guiding treatment plans. While acquired visual field defects may progress rapidly, congenital visual field defects may not progress or may progress slowly. Although the most common defect in congenital or acquired optic neuropathy is the central defect, many defect types that are not pathognomonic to the disease can be seen. In ischemic optic neuropathy, which

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2

Ling, Xiulan, Xin Chen, and Xiaofeng Liu. "Revisiting Defect-Induced Light Field Enhancement in Optical Thin Films." Micromachines 13, no. 6 (2022): 911. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13060911.

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Based on a finite-difference time-domain method, we revisited the light field intensification in optical films due to defects with different geometries. It was found that defect can induce the local light intensification in optical films and the spherical defects resulted in the highest light intensification among the defect types investigated. Light intensification can increase with defect diameter and the relative refractive index between the defect and the film layer. The shallow defects tended to have the highest light intensification. Finally, the extinction coefficient of the defect had

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Leelavathamma, T., C. S. Sandhya, Kiran Jyothi B., G. R. Narmada Devi, and Silpa M. "Study of Visual Field Defects in Neuro-Ophthalmology Cases at SVRRGG Hospital, Tirupathi - A Cross-Sectional Study." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 10, no. 45 (2021): 3864–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2021/781.

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BACKGROUND Visual field defects are caused by different lesions affecting different sites of visual pathway. Most common causes include stroke and intracranial space occupying lesions. Assessment of visual field defect helps in localization of the lesion along with measurement of the defect. The purpose of this study was to record different types of visual field defects in neuro-ophthalmic diseases. METHODS This cross-sectional observational study was conducted between February 2016 and March 2018 at Department of Ophthalmology, SVRRGG Hospital. Visual field testing was done by confrontation m

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Hu, Ran, Weixin Sun, Xu Lu, et al. "Effect of Interface Defects on the Harmonic Currents in Distribution Cable Accessories under Damp Conditions." Coatings 13, no. 8 (2023): 1430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13081430.

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Dampness is one of the most important factors leading to the degradation of the insulation performance of cable accessories; it may easily lead to interface defects of composite insulation. In this paper, an electromagnetic field defect model of the cable composite insulation interface is established, and the effects of the defect degree and the defect type on the magnetic flux and the harmonic current are studied. The results show that the magnetic field is uniformly distributed with a decreasing trend when the cable is in good condition, and the grounding current has no obvious harmonic comp

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CAUDRELIER, V. "ON A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO DEFECTS IN CLASSICAL INTEGRABLE FIELD THEORIES." International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics 05, no. 07 (2008): 1085–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219887808003223.

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We present an inverse scattering approach to defects in classical integrable field theories. Integrability is proved systematically by constructing the generating function of the infinite set of modified integrals of motion. The contribution of the defect to all orders is explicitely identified in terms of a defect matrix. The underlying geometric picture is that those defects correspond to Bäcklund transformations localized at a given point. A classification of defect matrices as well as the corresponding defect conditions is performed. The method is applied to a collection of well-known inte

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6

de Pádua Santos, A., F. Moraes, F. A. N. Santos, and S. Fumeron. "An Abelian Higgs model for disclinations in nematics." Condensed Matter Physics 26, no. 1 (2023): 13506. http://dx.doi.org/10.5488/cmp.26.13506.

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Topological defects in elastic media may be described by a geometric field akin to three-dimensional gravity. From this point of view, disclinations are line defects of zero width corresponding to a singularity of the curvature in an otherwise flat background. On the other hand, in two dimensions, the Frank free energy of a nematic liquid crystal may be interpreted as an Abelian Higgs Lagrangian. In this work, we construct an Abelian Higgs model coupled to ``gravity'' for the nematic phase, with the perspective of finding more realistic disclinations. That is, a cylindrically symmetric line de

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7

Tanushree, V., Bekal Deeksha, P. Madhuri, and Musthafa Ayesha. "Clinical Study of Visual Field Defects in Occipital Lobe Lesions." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 2 (2023): 812–16. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12819406.

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<strong>Background: </strong>Visual field defect due to occipital lobe lesion can impair day-to-day activities and reduce the quality of life. Occipital lobe lesion usually do not cause neurological manifestation other than visual field defects. Hence visual field assessment is an important tool to localise the same. <strong>Methods: </strong>All patients detected with occipital lobe lesions on neuroimaging were included in the study for a duration of one year. Visual field defects were examined on the Humphrey visual field analyser. <strong>Results: </strong>Total 4 p

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8

Xu, Wen Ji, Ji Shang Jiang, Xu Yue Wang, and Wen Qing Song. "Temperature Field Model in Plasma Arc Forming of Laminated Clad Metal Sheets Containing Defects." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 4160–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.4160.

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A FEM model, based on the structural characteristics of laminated clad metal sheets (LCMS) containing defects, was developed to study the variations of temperature field in the flexible forming using plasma arc. The typical LCMS Q235A/1Cr18Ni9Ti was selected as the sample, and the effects of different defects in the bonding interface on the temperature field were analyzed. The results show that the peak value of temperature containing defect is 107 oC higher than that without defect under the same processing parameters. The peak values of temperature and temperature difference increase with th

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He, Shaobo, Liang Yang, Li Li, and Xiao-Tao Zu. "The Electric Field Modulation by Hemisphere Damage Sites in Fused Silica Subsurface." Advances in Condensed Matter Physics 2014 (2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/843261.

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The effect of defect density on the electric field modulation to incident laser is investigated in this work. Based on the actual defect distribution in fused silica subsurface, the three-dimension grid model of defect sites is constructed firstly. Then, the three-dimension finite-difference time-domain method is developed to solve the Maxwell equations. The electric field intensity in the vicinity of the defect sites located in front subsurface of fused silica is numerically calculated. The relationships between the maximal electric field intensity in fused silica and the geometry of the defe

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10

Oyabu, Yota, Yoshikazu Ohara, Toshihiro Tsuji, and Tsuyoshi Mihara. "Dark-field ultrasonic imaging method using mode-converted longitudinal evanescent field." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 61, SG (2022): SG1042. http://dx.doi.org/10.35848/1347-4065/ac4add.

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Abstract We propose a dark-field evanescent imaging method to visualize surface/subsurface micro defects with a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). This method utilizes the mode-converted longitudinal evanescent field (MCLEF) generated at defects by the incidence of a shear (S) wave. When an incident S wave only has the in-plane displacement on the top surface of a specimen, the 2D scan of a laser Doppler vibrometer, that can only measure out-of-plane displacements, can selectively probe the MCLEF with out-of-plane displacements. Note that the MCLEF can be generated even at a defect that is much

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11

Gani, Tatang Talka, Retno Ekantini, Hartono Hartono, and Krisna Dwi Purnomo Jati. "Evaluation of Cup Disc Ratio and RNFL Thickness Based on Goldmann Visual Field Test." Ophthalmologica Indonesiana 48, no. 2 (2022): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.35749/journal.v48i2.100665.

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   Introduction and Objective : To assess the relationship between the cup-disc ratio of the optic nerve head and peripapilarry RNFL thickness to the visual field loss in glaucoma patients. Methods : Visual field from Goldmann kinetic perimerty and Ocular Computed Tomography (OCT) records from Yap Eye Hospital, Yogyakarta are used to examine the figure of visual field loss in glaucoma patient. Result: Broad spectrum of glaucoma-related visual field defects were observed from 73 eyes. The most common visual field defects are arcuate defect (23.3%) and followed by g

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12

Xu, Weihui, Wenbo Li, Wenjie Jiang, Shuailong Li, and Weishu Wang. "Research on Typical Decay-like Fracture Defects of Composite Insulators Based on Electro-Thermal Coupling." Electronics 13, no. 22 (2024): 4495. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13224495.

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In response to the typical decay and fracture defects of composite insulators, a three-dimensional electrically and thermally coupled simulation physical model was constructed based on the finite element method, and the local electric field distortion and temperature rise were analyzed. The study confirms that the insulator interface’s axial electric and thermal fields show a U-shaped curve; the interface field strength is the largest. There is an electric field gradient difference between the mandrel and the sheath, and the thermal field is concentrated at the mandrel and the interface. The f

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13

Tanoko, Ivana, Winarto Winarto, Trilaksana Nugroho, Riski Prihatningtias, and Fifin L. Rahmi. "Color Field Test Charts Vs HVFA In Detection Visual Field Defect Chronic Primary Glaucoma." Ophthalmologica Indonesiana 48, no. 2 (2023): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.35749/journal.v48i2.100663.

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Introduction: Glaucoma is syndrome consist of glaucomatous optic neuropathy, destruction of retinal nerve fiber layer, and typical visual field defects. Color field test charts (CFTC) is a simple and generous instrument used to detect central and paracentral scotoma in neuro-ophthalmology patient. Diagnostic study will perform in this research to compare visual field defects, detecting in chronic primary glaucoma patient between CFTC and HVFA SITA 10-2 as gold standard. Methods: Seventy two eyes from 50 patients with chronic primary glaucoma were examined visual acuity, funduscopy, color blind

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14

Ma, Nvjie, Xiangdong Gao, Yanxi Zhang, Shichao Gu, and Jinyang Liu. "The Influence of a Constant Magnetic Field on a Vertical Combined Magnetic Field in Magneto-Optical Imaging." Metals 15, no. 4 (2025): 340. https://doi.org/10.3390/met15040340.

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The extension direction of welding defects is random and uncontrollable, while magneto-optical imaging detection has a good imaging effect on defects perpendicular to the magnetic field direction. At present, magneto-optical detection methods may fail to detect small weld defects parallel to the direction of the magnetic field. To overcome this problem, a non-destructive testing method based on magneto-optical imaging under a vertical combined magnetic field (VCMF) is proposed. The paper first establishes a simulation model to compare and analyze the magnetic leakage characteristics of cross g

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15

Zhu, Wenfa, Yujie Zhang, Guopeng Fan, Haiyan Zhang, and Shao Wei. "Time-domain topological energy imaging with ultrasonic Lamb waves considering multiple defects." Insight - Non-Destructive Testing and Condition Monitoring 62, no. 4 (2020): 208–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1784/insi.2020.62.4.208.

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This study presents a fast imaging approach with ultrasonic Lamb waves based on time-domain topological energy to identify multiple defects with defect spacing smaller than the threshold of the Rayleigh criterion in terms of imaging resolution. The direct acoustical field and time-domain topological energy of the two fields are used as imaging functions when considering the calculation of direct and adjoint acoustical fields in a non-defective reference medium on the basis of topological theory. The functions are not limited by acoustic diffraction and can achieve super-resolution imaging with

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16

Bashir, Asma, Erum Waris Khateeb, and Imtiyaz A. Lone. "An Analysis of Visual Field Defects in Pituitary Macroadenomas: A Prospective Study." Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research 36, no. 5 (2024): 292–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jammr/2024/v36i55437.

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Pituitary Adenomas are common benign Intracranial tumours which cause visual field defects by anterior visual pathway compression after suprasellar extension of pituitary macroadenomas. After fulfilling the inclusion criteria, 31 patients with pituitary macroadenomas were evaluated for visual field defects using Humphrey Visual filed analyser (Perimeter). Thirteen patients had normal visual fields and 18 patients had abnormal visual fields. Bitemporal hemianopia was the most common visual field defect seen on perimetry. Also there was a positive correlation between the tumour size and the visu

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17

Yin, Xiaokang, Zhuoyong Gu, Wei Wang, et al. "Detection of Outer Wall Defects on Steel Pipe Using an Encircling Rotating Electromagnetic Field Eddy Current (RoFEC) Technique." Strojniški vestnik - Journal of Mechanical Engineering 68, no. 1 (2022): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5545/sv-jme.2021.7288.

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In recent years, the rotating electromagnetic field eddy current (RoFEC) testing technique has attracted widespread attention due to its various advantages for inspecting tubular structures. However, most of the related work was focused on detecting inner wall defects on metal pipes using feed-through probes, which are often not applicable for outer wall defect detection. This work pushes forward the encircling RoFEC technique and demonstrates its feasibility for detecting outer wall defects. First, the basic principle of the encircling RoFEC technique is introduced. A three-dimensional finite

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18

Vaphiades, Michael S., and John Mason. "Foggy visual field defect." Survey of Ophthalmology 49, no. 2 (2004): 266–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.survophthal.2003.12.004.

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19

Foroozan, Rod, and Lawrence M. Buono. "Foggy visual field defect." Survey of Ophthalmology 48, no. 4 (2003): 447–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0039-6257(03)00051-1.

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20

Toriello, Helga V., John M. Opitz, and James F. Reynolds. "The arhinencephaly field defect." American Journal of Medical Genetics 25, S2 (1986): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.1320250611.

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21

Johri, Bhavini, Smita V. Praveen, and Selvakumar V. Ambika. "Checkerboard visual field defect." Indian Journal of Ophthalmology - Case Reports 4, no. 4 (2024): 992–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijo.ijo_1655_24.

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22

BAJNOK, Z., and A. GEORGE. "FROM DEFECTS TO BOUNDARIES." International Journal of Modern Physics A 21, no. 05 (2006): 1063–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x06025262.

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In this paper we describe how relativistic field theories containing defects are equivalent to a class of boundary field theories. As a consequence previously derived results for boundaries can be directly applied to defects, these results include reduction formulas, the Coleman–Thun mechanism and Cutcosky rules. For integrable theories the defect crossing unitarity equation can be derived and defect operator found. For a generic purely transmitting impurity we use the boundary bootstrap method to obtain solutions of the defect Yang–Baxter equation. The groundstate energy on the strip with def

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23

Dzhala, R. M., V. R. Dzhala, M. I. Melnyk, B. I. Horon, and O. I. Senyuk. "Influence of the pipe defect on its magnetic field." Information extraction and processing 2018, no. 46 (2018): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/vidbir2018.46.005.

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Belkhiri, Kamel, Tarik Bouchala, Abdelhak Abdou, Bachir Abdelhadi, Merwane Khebal, and Amor Guettafi. "Defect characterization from magnetic field leakage signals in petroleum and natural gas pipelines." STUDIES IN ENGINEERING AND EXACT SCIENCES 5, no. 2 (2024): e8590. http://dx.doi.org/10.54021/seesv5n2-287.

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Pipelines transport invaluable energy resources such as crude oil and natural gas over long distances. The integrity of the piping system in terms of safety of the process is then of high importance. However, pipes are prone by time to defects that may degrade their properties and lead to failures. In this paper, we study the effect of defect parameters on the magnetic field leakage captured by Hall sensors operating along the pipe. In fact, the obtained results show that the defect parameters influence directly the MFL amplitude and shape. For this reason, the inversion problem allowing us to

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Liu, Han Wu, Rui Hua Dong, and Han Xun Lv. "Numeral Simulation Study on Pipeline Corrosion Defects under Different Sizes and Pressures Based on FEM." Applied Mechanics and Materials 215-216 (November 2012): 1154–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.215-216.1154.

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Finite element analysis software ANSYS is used to establish a three-dimensional finite element model of the pipeline corrosion defects by applying the boundary conditions of square wave excitation to simulate the distributions of current and induced magnetic field in the pipeline under various defect volumes. The results of the study show: When there is no corrosion defect in the pipeline, the electric current in the pipeline is basically even distribution. The magnetic field is distributed for the symmetrical vortex shape from head to foot, and it has not obviously gather phenomenon. When the

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León-González, José C., Rafael G. Toscano-Negrette, Juan A. Vinasco, Alvaro L. Morales, Miguel E. Mora-Ramos, and Carlos A. Duque. "Influence of a Non-Resonant Intense Laser and Structural Defect on the Electronic and Optical Properties of a GaAs Quantum Ring under Inversely Quadratic Potential." Condensed Matter 8, no. 2 (2023): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/condmat8020052.

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We investigated the impact of a non-resonant intense laser, structural defects, and magnetic fields on the electronic and optical properties of a simple GaAs quantum ring under the inverse quadratic Hellmann potential, using the effective mass and parabolic band approximations. We obtained the energies and wavefunctions by solving the 2D Schrodinger’s equation using the finite-element numerical technique to analyze this. We considered circular polarization to calculate the dipole matrix elements, which were influenced by the laser field and structural defects in the system. This enabled us to

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Ke, Fan, Huang Chen-Yu, Liu Weijia, He Kun, Shi Bin, and Wu Yanyou. "Research on computer vision application in industry field: focus on distribution network engineering." Современные инновации, системы и технологии - Modern Innovations, Systems and Technologies 3, no. 1 (2023): 0401–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.47813/2782-2818-2023-3-1-0401-0410.

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The operation of distribution networks is currently facing potential safety and quality defects that pose significant hazards. One solution to strengthen management, reduce manual workload, and improve efficiency and quality is by applying deep detection networks for dynamic defect detection in distribution network engineering. To start, defects in distribution network engineering are classified. Then, advanced deep detection networks and their applications in dynamic defect detection are researched and analyzed, along with a review of existing research. Key issues and their solutions for deep

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Покровский, Aleksey Pokrovskiy, Новиков, Ilya Novikov, Хвостов, and Andrey Khvostov. "Field Topography of Defects in Magnetic Non-Destructive Testing." NDT World 19, no. 4 (2015): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/23510.

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The defect parameters can be evaluated by defect induced magnetic field topography using Hall sensor. Investigations were carried out on specially prepared samples with artificial defects. According to calculations and tests tangential component of magnetic field strength extremes were detected values on either side of the defect in the surface layer l only. But this effect can not be detected by Hall sensors or Foerster probes due to their sizes. The normal component of the magnetic field strength provides a sufficiently accurate determination of the fault location, where this component

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Ye, Yunfei, Kailun Ji, and Ping Wang. "Influences of Magnetization Direction on the Flux Leakage Field of Weld Defects." Coatings 13, no. 6 (2023): 1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13061005.

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The magnetic flux leakage (MFL) detection technique is applied to the detection of weld defects, such as cracks and pores. As the weld has a distinct structure, there are differences in the magnetization path and leakage field intensity under different magnetization directions. According to surveys, a suitable magnetization direction can significantly enhance detection rates of small-sized defects by stimulating a stronger field signal of the defect leakage. In this study, ANSYS finite element simulation software is used to calculate the weld defect leakage field based on the quantitative anal

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Sitaula, Sanjeeta, Hira Nath Dahal, Manisha Dahal, Rajeev Ojha, and Ananda Kumar Sharma. "Visual field defects in neuro-ophthalmological diseases at a tertiary hospital in Nepal." Nepal Journal of Neuroscience 20, no. 2 (2023): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njn.v20i2.53901.

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Purpose: This retrospective study aims to describe the pattern of visual field defects among patients presenting with neuro-ophthalmological diseases in a tertiary hospital of Kathmandu. Materials and Methods: Medical records of patients undergoing Goldmann visual fields (GVF) for neuro-ophthalmological diseases from July 2019 to June 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Patient demographics, laterality of the disease, clinical diagnosis and pattern of visual field defect were evaluated and entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20 using descriptive univariate and bivariate analysis. Results:

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Gao, Pengfei, Hao Geng, Lijian Yang, and Yuming Su. "Research on the Forward Solving Method of Defect Leakage Signal Based on the Non-Uniform Magnetic Charge Model." Sensors 23, no. 13 (2023): 6221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23136221.

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Pipeline magnetic flux leakage inspection is widely used in the evaluation of material defect detection due to its advantages of having no coupling agent and easy implementation. The quantification of defect size is an important part of magnetic flux leakage testing. Defects of different geometrical dimensions produce signal waveforms with different characteristics after excitation. The key to achieving defect quantification is an accurate description of the relationship between the magnetic leakage signal and the size. In this paper, a calculation model for solving the defect leakage field ba

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Xu, Li, and Jianzhong Hu. "A Method of Defect Depth Recognition in Active Infrared Thermography Based on GRU Networks." Applied Sciences 11, no. 14 (2021): 6387. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11146387.

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Active infrared thermography (AIRT) is a significant defect detection and evaluation method in the field of non-destructive testing, on account of the fact that it promptly provides visual information and that the results could be used for quantitative research of defects. At present, the quantitative evaluation of defects is an urgent problem to be solved in this field. In this work, a defect depth recognition method based on gated recurrent unit (GRU) networks is proposed to solve the problem of insufficient accuracy in defect depth recognition. AIRT is applied to obtain the raw thermal sequ

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Gao, Xiangdong, Xinxin Dai, Xiaohu Zhou, et al. "Elucidation of magnetic flux leakage for welding defect detection at different magnetic field directions through alternating magnetic field measurement." Insight - Non-Destructive Testing and Condition Monitoring 61, no. 12 (2019): 720–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1784/insi.2019.61.12.720.

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Alternating current field measurement (ACFM) is a technology for detecting magnetic flux leakage (MFL) using a magnetic sensor and is often used to detect welding defects. An alternating magnetic field was generated under the excitation of an alternating electric field. The magnetic field direction of an alternating magnetic field changes with time and the size and direction of the leakage magnetic field on the weldment also change periodically. In order to verify this rule, the distribution of the leakage magnetic field in different magnetisation directions was analysed through simulation and

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Wu, T. T., C. Zhang, H. L. Ji, C. C. Tao, and J. H. Qiu. "A temperature field reconstruction method for debonding defect identification in laminated structures." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2184, no. 1 (2022): 012050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2184/1/012050.

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Abstract The surface temperature is an important parameter capable of detecting and quantifying defects in laminated structures if subjected to a thermal load. In this paper, a temperature field reconstruction method is developed to detect the size of debonding defect in laminated structures. A Tikhonov regularization based conjugate gradient method (CGM) is applied to reconstruct the temperature field of a laminated structure for determination of the size of a debonding defect. Tikhonov regularization deals with the severe ill-posedness and the CGM is used for solving the minimization problem

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Tan, Jeremy C. K. "Coherent Interpretation of Entire Visual Field Test Reports Using a Multimodal Large Language Model (ChatGPT)." Vision 9, no. 2 (2025): 33. https://doi.org/10.3390/vision9020033.

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This study assesses the accuracy and consistency of a commercially available large language model (LLM) in extracting and interpreting sensitivity and reliability data from entire visual field (VF) test reports for the evaluation of glaucomatous defects. Single-page anonymised VF test reports from 60 eyes of 60 subjects were analysed by an LLM (ChatGPT 4o) across four domains—test reliability, defect type, defect severity and overall diagnosis. The main outcome measures were accuracy of data extraction, interpretation of glaucomatous field defects and diagnostic classification. The LLM display

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Fromme, Paul. "Guided wave sensitivity prediction for part and through-thickness crack-like defects." Structural Health Monitoring 19, no. 3 (2019): 953–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475921719892205.

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Guided waves allow for the efficient structural health monitoring of large structures using phased or distributed arrays of sensors. The sensitivity for specific defects can be improved by accounting for the angular scattering pattern. The scattering of the fundamental anti-symmetric guided wave mode (A0 Lamb mode) at through-thickness and part-through crack-like defects was studied experimentally and from three-dimensional finite element simulations. Experimentally, the scattered field around manufactured notches of different depths and lengths in an aluminium plate was measured using a laser

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Nandy, Manali, B. B. Lahiri, and John Philip. "Magnetic nanoemulsion aided optical defect detection in carbon steel components: Effect of defect width variation on optical contrast." Journal of Applied Physics 131, no. 20 (2022): 204702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0088554.

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Optical detection of defects of varying widths in ferromagnetic steel components is carried out using polyacrylic acid stabilized magnetic nanoemulsions (MNEs). Magnetic field lines are leaked from the defect regions, due to permeability variation, when a defective ferromagnetic steel component is magnetized. Under the influence of such magnetic flux leakage (MFL), the MNE droplets exhibit orientational ordering, where the inter-droplet separation within the chains varies with the strength of the magnetic field. Exploiting this tunable optical grating phenomenon, wide area naked eye visualizat

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Rowe, Fiona J., Carmel Noonan, and Melanie Manuel. "Comparison of Octopus Semi-Automated Kinetic Perimetry and Humphrey Peripheral Static Perimetry in Neuro-Ophthalmic Cases." ISRN Ophthalmology 2013 (July 15, 2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/753202.

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Aim. To compare semikinetic perimetry (SKP) on Octopus 900 perimetry to a peripheral static programme with Humphrey automated perimetry. Methods. Prospective cross-section study comparing Humphrey full field (FF) 120 two zone programme to a screening protocol for SKP on Octopus perimetry. Results were independently graded for presence/absence of field defect plus type and location of defect. Results. 64 patients (113 eyes) underwent dual perimetry assessment. Mean duration of assessment for SKP was 4.54 minutes ±0.18 and for FF120 (). 80% of results were correctly matched for normal or abnorma

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Zhao, Xiao Fang, and A. K. Soh. "Phase Field Simulation of Ferroelectrics with Cracks." Key Engineering Materials 462-463 (January 2011): 710–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.462-463.710.

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By employing a dipole defect model, two-dimensional phase field simulations of domain switching in the crack tip vicinity of a crack embedded in a relaxor ferroelectric single crystal, which was subjected to mechanical loading and electric field, have been carried out. The interaction between the dipole defects and crack, the influence of the dipole defect concentration density on the switching process, and the coupling effect of mechanical stress and electric field on domain switching in the vicinity of the crack tip have been studied. Comparing the results obtained from relaxor ferroelectric

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Wang, Qiyu, Zehao Wang, Xiangdong Chen, and Fangwen Sun. "Detecting the vector of nanoscale light field with atomic defect." Chinese Optics Letters 21, no. 7 (2023): 071202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col202321.071202.

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ZHOU, CHUNFENG, PENGTAO YUE, and JAMES J. FENG. "The rise of Newtonian drops in a nematic liquid crystal." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 593 (November 23, 2007): 385–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112007008889.

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We simulate the rise of Newtonian drops in a nematic liquid crystal parallel to the far-field molecular orientation. The moving interface is computed in a diffuse-interface framework, and the anisotropic rheology of the liquid crystal is represented by the Leslie–Ericksen theory, regularized to permit topological defects. Results reveal interesting coupling between the flow field and the orientational field surrounding the drop, especially the defect configuration. The flow generally sweeps the point and ring defects downstream, and may transform a ring defect into a point defect. The stabilit

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Liu, Han Wu, Shan Ping Zhan, Yun Hui Du, and Peng Zhang. "Study on Pulsed Eddy Current Nondestructive Testing Technology for Pipeline Corrosion Defects Based on Finite Element Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 120 (October 2011): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.120.36.

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According to the principle and the type of the oil pipeline corrosion, we use the square wave of wide spectrum, strong signal transmission capability and a certain duty ratio as the excitation source of the pulsed eddy current. The finite element analysis software ANSYS is used to establish a three-dimensional finite element model of the pipeline corrosion defects by applying the boundary conditions of square wave excitation to simulate the distributions of current and induced magnetic field in the pipeline under various defect volumes. It can solve the induced voltage variation with time on d

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Ferris, Kim F., and Steven M. Risser. "Effects of Surface Defects on the Local Electric Field in Inhomogeneous Media." MRS Proceedings 291 (January 1, 1992). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-291-521.

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ABSTRACTSurface defects both focus the local electric field and enhance its intensity in the vicinity of the defect. Using a finite element model of an inhomogeneous dielectric film, we have examined the relationship between the defect shape and local electric field in the film and defect. We find that raised defect regions that are peaked have the largest local fields while the slope of removed regions has little effect on the field in raised defects. Both peaked and flat surface defects can lead to large enhancements of the local electric field above that predicted by effective medium approx

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Bianchi, Lorenzo, Adam Chalabi, Vladimír Procházka, Brandon Robinson, and Jacopo Sisti. "Monodromy defects in free field theories." Journal of High Energy Physics 2021, no. 8 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/jhep08(2021)013.

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Abstract We study co-dimension two monodromy defects in theories of conformally coupled scalars and free Dirac fermions in arbitrary d dimensions. We characterise this family of conformal defects by computing the one-point functions of the stress-tensor and conserved current for Abelian flavour symmetries as well as two-point functions of the displacement operator. In the case of d = 4, the normalisation of these correlation functions are related to defect Weyl anomaly coefficients, and thus provide crucial information about the defect conformal field theory. We provide explicit checks on the

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Kim, Seolhwa, Per Kraus, and Zhengdi Sun. "Codimension one defects in free scalar field theory." Journal of High Energy Physics 2025, no. 6 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep06(2025)065.

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Abstract We study various aspects of codimension one defects in free scalar field theory, with particular emphasis on line defects in two-dimensions. These defects are generically non-conformal, but include conformal and topological defects as special cases. Our analysis is based on the interplay between two complementary descriptions, the first involving matching conditions imposed on fields and their derivatives across the defect, and the second on the resummation of perturbation theory in terms of renormalized defect couplings. Using either description as appropriate we compute a variety of

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Herzog, Christopher P., and Abhay Shrestha. "Conformal surface defects in Maxwell theory are trivial." Journal of High Energy Physics 2022, no. 8 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/jhep08(2022)282.

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Abstract We consider a free Maxwell field in four dimensions in the presence of a codimension two defect. Reflection positive, codimension two defects which preserve conformal symmetry in this context are very limited. We show only generalized free fields can appear in the defect operator product expansion of the bulk Maxwell field; in particular correlation functions of these defect operators can be evaluated via Wick’s Theorem.

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Kai-xiang Li and Run-cong Liu. "Optimization Design Method for Excitation Magnetic Field in Motion Induced Eddy Current Magnetic Field Testing." Acta Physica Sinica, 2023, 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.72.20230064.

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In the process of production or use, micro defects (micro particles or pores) will be produced in the thin metal plate. The number and size of these micro defects determine the quality of the thin metal plate, affecting its service life and factor of safety.Therefore, quantitative and accurate characterization of micro defects is a necessary condition to ensure the quality and safety of thin metal plate products.This article studies the application of motion induced eddy current magnetic field testing in electromagnetic testing to detect defects in conductive and non magnetic materials.The sim

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Ibekwe, Richard T., NICOLO RIVA, Dennis G. Whyte, Vanessa J. Sanchez, and Zachary Hartwig. "A platform to study defect-induced behavior in high-temperature superconductor cables." Superconductor Science and Technology, June 26, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/ad5c08.

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Abstract High-temperature superconductor (HTS) cables and magnets are enabling a range of high-current and high-field applications, including compact fusion devices aiming to achieve net energy. Defects in HTS pose manufacturing, cost, and operational challenges. A rigorous understanding and predictive capability for defect-induced behavior at relevant scale has not been established. To address this shortcoming, we have developed a cable-level defect characterization experimental platform coupled to high-fidelity computational modeling. The cable (I c ∽ 438 A at 77.4 K, self-field) comprises a

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Acharya, Amit, Irene Fonseca, Likhit Ganedi, and Kerrek Stinson. "Vector Field Models for Nematic Disclinations." Journal of Nonlinear Science 33, no. 5 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00332-023-09939-5.

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AbstractIn this paper, a model for defects in nematic liquid crystals that was introduced in Zhang et al. (Physica D Nonlinear Phenom 417:132828, 2021) is studied. In the literature, the setting of many models for defects is the function space SBV (special functions of bounded variation). However, the model considered herein regularizes the director field to be in a Sobolev space by introducing a second vector field tracking the defect. A relaxation result in the case of fixed parameters is proved along with some partial compactness results as the defect width vanishes.

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Raviv-Moshe, Avia, and Siwei Zhong. "Phases of surface defects in Scalar Field Theories." Journal of High Energy Physics 2023, no. 8 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/jhep08(2023)143.

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Abstract We study mass-type surface defects in a free scalar and Wilson-Fisher (WF) O(N) theories. We obtain exact results for the free scalar defect, including its RG flow and defect Weyl anomaly. We classify phases of such defects at the WF fixed point near four dimensions, whose perturbative RG flow is investigated. We propose an IR effective action for the non-perturbative regime and check its self-consistency.

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