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1
Lee, Scott S. "Three Field Experiments on Incentives for Health Workers." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17467500.
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The economic study of incentives in firms has traditionally focused on one type of incentive—pecuniary—and one causal mechanism—the direct effect of incentives on effort. This dissertation uses three randomized field experiments to explore non-traditional incentives, and non-traditional incentive effects, in the setting of health care delivery.
The first experiment (jointly authored with Nava Ashraf and Oriana Bandiera) addresses an under-appreciated phenomenon: incentives affect not only the effort of agents on the job, but also the selection of agents into the job. We collaborate with the Government of Zambia to experimentally vary the salience of career incentives in a newly created health worker position when recruiting agents nationally. We find that making career incentives salient at the recruitment stage attracts health workers who are more effective at delivering health services, with administrative data showing an improvement in institutional deliveries, child health visits, and immunization rates in the treatment areas. While career incentives attract agents who differ on observables (e.g., they have higher skills and career ambitions), 91% of the performance gap is due to unobservables. The results highlight the importance of incentive design at the recruitment stage for attracting high performers who cannot be identified on observables alone.
The second and third experiments examine the use of non-pecuniary incentives in health care. The second experiment (jointly authored with Nava Ashraf and Oriana Bandiera) studies non-monetary awards. Awards may affect behavior through several mechanisms: by conferring employer recognition, by enhancing social visibility, and by facilitating social comparison. In a nationwide health worker training program in Zambia, we design a field experiment to unbundle these mechanisms. We find that employer recognition and social visibility increase performance, while social comparison reduces it, especially for low-ability trainees. These effects appear when treatments are announced and persist through training. The findings are consistent with a model of optimal expectations in which low-ability individuals exert low effort in order to avoid unfavorable information about their relative ability. The results highlight the importance of anticipating the distributional consequences of incentives in settings in which the performance of each worker affects social welfare.
The third experiment turns from extrinsic incentives (such as career opportunities and non-monetary awards) to "intrinsic incentives"—that is, incentives that make work more intrinsically rewarding. In the context of a rural health worker program in India, I develop and test a novel, mobile phone-based self-tracking app designed to increase agents' intrinsic returns to effort. At nine months of follow-up, the self-tracking app leads to a 27% increase in performance as measured by the main job task (home visits). Moreover, the app is most effective when it leverages pre-existing intrinsic motivation: it produces a 46% increase in performance in the top tercile of intrinsically motivated workers, but no improvement in the bottom tercile. Evidence from survey and performance data indicates that the treatment effect is mediated primarily by making effort more intrinsically rewarding, and not by other mechanisms such as providing implicit extrinsic incentives. The results suggest the potential for wider use of intrinsic incentives that may increase performance at low cost, when agents are intrinsically motivated.Health Policy
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Charania, Gulzar Raisa. "Encounters with Northern development workers, reflections from the "field"." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ62981.pdf.
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Spinks, Katie Rose. ""Factors that influence successful field placements" student and field instructor perspectives /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1243955704.
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Ahmad, Mokbul Morshed. "Bearers of change : the field workers of NGOs in Bangladesh." Thesis, Durham University, 2001. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4508/.
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The importance of NGOs (Non-Governmental Organisations) m development to most 'aid' agencies is said to have been generated by the failure of the state in reaching and providing certain basic services to the poor and the disadvantaged Although many NGOs in Bangladesh have shown some success in reaching the poor, organising them to raise awareness of education and providing microcredit, the vast majority of the poorest in Bangladesh have remamed beyond their reach The dependency of the NGOs on donors, lack of accountability and loss of quality in service provision during scaling up are the major problems for the NGOs in Bangladesh Except for missionary NGOs like MCC most NGOs m Bangladesh are preoccupied with microcredit which is mainly driven by NGOs search for self-reliance and for good performance indicators Field workers could be the movers and shakers of NGOs They implement the policies of NGOs but unfortunately they are rarely consulted during the making of these policies Above all their problems and opinions remain unheard and unaccounted for Very little research has been conducted on them in both North and South and even less m Bangladesh The research has a multiple methodology which includes questionnaire survey semi structured interviews, securing life histories in order to address the interfaces between the field worker with his/her clients and superiors Most field workers come from the rural middle or lower middle class Most wanted government jobs and fell back on NGO work when they failed to obtain them Most of those who by the time they reach the age of 40 have failed to get promoted either leave voluntarily or are made redundant Field workers of small NGOs try to switch over to large and international NGOs in search of higher job security and salary and benefits Due to high unemployment in the country instead of creating a stable and more skilled workforce NGOs often abandon then: long service field workers in order to recruit cheaper younger field workers The personal problems of field workers include job insecurity financial difficulties and risks associated with accommodation, child-care and children s education These problems are more severe for women field workers and are associated with issues related to their gender The professional problems of these field workers include poor or incorrect training heavy workloads, corrupt and limited promotion opportunities, irregular and undesirable transfers, low status at work, difficult external relationships, etc Again there are gender differences in these problems Yet with all these personal and professional problems, field workers are central to NGO performance It is the strengths of the field workers which make this possible This study calls for better utilisation of these strengths by the NGOs The poor relationship between field workers and their superiors can be tackled by better management in the NGOs A major challenge for the NGOs in Bangladesh is to become less bureaucratic, this supposed to be one of their comparative advantages over the state I also found that there is a big gap between what NGOs do and what then- field workers think ought to be done This underscores the necessity of more discussion with fieldworkers in policy making implementation and evaluation of the activities of NGOs
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Cole, Susan Savella, and Teresa Marie Alarcon. "Factors influencing social workers commitment to the field of gerontology." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1916.
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Due to the impending "elder boom" the need for gerontological social workers is increasing. This study examined what attracted workers to enter this field and what motivates them to stay. The research also focused on the relationship between the social worker's commitment and their perceived need for training and education in the field of gerontology.
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au, marcus cattani@westnet com, and Marcus Paul Cattani. "Exposures and Health Effects among Field Workers using the Organophosphate Chlorpyrifos." Murdoch University, 2004. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20040921.121425.
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Chlorpyrifos, an organophosphate pesticide moderately toxic to humans via inhalation and dermal absorption (LD50 oral, rat = 226 mg kg-1, LD50 skin, rabbits = 1265 mg kg-1), is widely used to eradicate termites in Australia. A series of 28 surveys totaling 32 separate assessments, or 10% of all professional users in Perth, Western Australia, comprised biological monitoring, exposure assessment techniques, a health symptoms and work practices questionnaire. Chlorpyrifos metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol and alkyl phosphates were extracted from urine, and serum cholinesterase (SChE) and erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase from blood. Chlorpyrifos was extracted from 24 patches removed from a supplied cotton overall, cotton gloves worn under protective gloves, 7 absorbent patches placed on the skin and an organic vapour collection tube. Surface wipes were collected in the workers vehicle and on the workers forehead. Chlorpyrifos was applied in either 0.5% (n=2) or 1% (n=26) concentration of active ingredient in water solution. Surveys took place at pre-construction sites (n=5) where pesticide was sprayed onto a prepared site, existing buildings with concrete foundations (n=17) where pesticide was injected under pressure around the perimeter of the building and existing buildings with suspended floors requiring the worker to spray under floor (n=6). Combined left and right glove deposition was 9 mg hour- 1 (SD = 18 mg.hour-1). Mean deposition on overalls was 14 mg.hour-1 (SD = 12 mg.hour-1), on skin patches was 0.2 Ýg.cm-1.hour-1, on vehicle gear-stick was 3 Ýg (SD = 8 Ýg) and, on steering wheels¡¦ was 3 Ýg (SD = 3 Ýg). The mean protection 4 factor of overalls, a ratio of outer layer and inner levels, was 75 (SD = 411).
Mean air concentration of chlorpyrifos during an application was 30 Ýg m-3, and 17 Ýg m-3 8 hour TWA (SD = 40 Ýg m-3 8 hour TWA), and in one group of 17 workers correlated (p<0.05) with ambient air temperature (15 to 38 oC). Urinary metabolites and SChE activity were effective indicators of exposure. The health symptoms questionnaire did not highlight significant health effects. A discrepancy between operators¡¦ perception of risk and their actual exposure requires addressing, for example the measured high deposition rate to hands was ineffectively controlled, as 48% or workers wore inappropriate or no gloves and only 26% washed their hands after completing their tasks. All workers indicated in the questionnaire they would wash their hands after completing their tasks. The questionnaire also highlighted a high incidence of poor work practices, 58% spilt the concentrate at least once a week, 74% had recently spilt/splashed diluted chlorpyrifos in their eyes and 90% on their boots, and 52% believed they would benefit from more education concerning chlorpyrifos. Observations concluded that workers unnecessarily increased their exposure by poor work practice.
Recommendations include modification to pesticide worker education, licencing and health surveillance systems; an improvement in the understanding of the benefits of a health and safety management systems for employers, and pesticide suppliers taking a stewardship role in the usage of their products.
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Cattani, Marcus Paul. "Exposures and health effects among field workers using the organophosphate chlorpyrifos." Cattani, Marcus Paul (2004) Exposures and health effects among field workers using the organophosphate chlorpyrifos. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2004. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/509/.
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Chlorpyrifos, an organophosphate pesticide moderately toxic to humans via inhalation and dermal absorption (LD50 oral, rat = 226 mg kg-1, LD50 skin, rabbits = 1265 mg kg-1), is widely used to eradicate termites in Australia. A series of 28 surveys totaling 32 separate assessments, or 10% of all professional users in Perth, Western Australia, comprised biological monitoring, exposure assessment techniques, a health symptoms and work practices questionnaire. Chlorpyrifos metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol and alkyl phosphates were extracted from urine, and serum cholinesterase (SChE) and erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase from blood. Chlorpyrifos was extracted from 24 patches removed from a supplied cotton overall, cotton gloves worn under protective gloves, 7 absorbent patches placed on the skin and an organic vapour collection tube. Surface wipes were collected in the workers vehicle and on the workers forehead. Chlorpyrifos was applied in either 0.5% (n=2) or 1% (n=26) concentration of active ingredient in water solution. Surveys took place at pre-construction sites (n=5) where pesticide was sprayed onto a prepared site, existing buildings with concrete foundations (n=17) where pesticide was injected under pressure around the perimeter of the building and existing buildings with suspended floors requiring the worker to spray under floor (n=6). Combined left and right glove deposition was 9 mg hour- 1 (SD = 18 mg.hour-1). Mean deposition on overalls was 14 mg.hour-1 (SD = 12 mg.hour-1), on skin patches was 0.2 mcg cm-1.hour-1, on vehicle gear-stick was 3 mcg (SD = 8 mcg) and, on steering wheels was 3 mcg (SD = 3 mcg). The mean protection 4 factor of overalls, a ratio of outer layer and inner levels, was 75 (SD = 411).
Mean air concentration of chlorpyrifos during an application was 30 mcg m-3, and 17 mcg m-3 8 hour TWA (SD = 40 mcg m-3 8 hour TWA), and in one group of 17 workers correlated (p<0.05) with ambient air temperature (15 to 38 oC). Urinary metabolites and SChE activity were effective indicators of exposure. The health symptoms questionnaire did not highlight significant health effects. A discrepancy between operators' perception of risk and their actual exposure requires addressing, for example the measured high deposition rate to hands was ineffectively controlled, as 48% or workers wore inappropriate or no gloves and only 26% washed their hands after completing their tasks. All workers indicated in the questionnaire they would wash their hands after completing their tasks. The questionnaire also highlighted a high incidence of poor work practices, 58% spilt the concentrate at least once a week, 74% had recently spilt/splashed diluted chlorpyrifos in their eyes and 90% on their boots, and 52% believed they would benefit from more education concerning chlorpyrifos. Observations concluded that workers unnecessarily increased their exposure by poor work practice.
Recommendations include modification to pesticide worker education, licencing and health surveillance systems; an improvement in the understanding of the benefits of a health and safety management systems for employers, and pesticide suppliers taking a stewardship role in the usage of their products.
8
Cattani, Marcus P. S. "Exposures and health effects among field workers using the organophosphate chlorpyrifos /." Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2004. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20040921.121425.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Murdoch University, 2004.Thesis submitted to the Division of Science and Engineering. Includes article published in Annals of Occupational Hygiene, 2001, v. 45 (4), p. 299-308. Bibliography: leaves 267-278.
9
Barnes, Richard G. "Simulation and field studies of the circadian status of shift workers." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1999. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/842694/.
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There are many problems associated with night shift work, involving both the disruption of social activities and the desynchrony between internal biological clock timing and the forced regimen. Both short term problems (e.g. sleep deficiency, reduced alertness and reduced performance) and potential long term problems (e.g. coronary heart disease and diabetes) may be critically dependent on whether or not the worker is able to adapt to the shift regimen. In the first of two baseline studies, the 6-sulphatoxymelatonin rhythms of offshore oil workers on a two-week 12-hour night shift (1800h to 0600h) were shown to adapt to the regimen within the first seven days of the shift. The rates of phase shift (mean +/- sem) were 1.51 +/- 0.16 h/day (n=5), 1.32 +/- 0.41 h/day (n=5) and 1.77 +/- 0.31 h/day (n=17) for a winter drill crew, winter maintenance crew and summer maintenance crew respectively. The rate of adaptation was not significantly affected by the type of work conducted or the season. The second baseline study assessed the 6-sulphatox-5-onelatonin rhythms of offshore drill crews on a one-week day shift (1200h - 0000h), one-week night shift (0000h - 1200h) 'swing' shift. A crew studied in winter showed no change in their 6-sulphatoxymelatonin rhythm during night shift, while a crew studied in spring showed a significant phase advance to an acrophase position of 0051h +/-1.7 hours (mean +/- sem). This data, together with that of the first baseline study, indicate that both the type of shift and the season influence the direction and degree of adaptation. A simulation study was conducted to assess the hormonal and metabolic response to a test meal during the first night of night shift (1800h to 0600h). Both plasma glucose and insulin levels were elevated on night shift compared to day shift, suggesting a degree of glucose intolerance during this period. Treatment with bright light (1500 lux) throughout the night shift reduced the glucose intolerance observed and also lowered plasma triacylglycerol levels. The use of exogenous melatonin to help shift workers acclimatise to day shift following night shift was examined. Exogenous melatonin significantly increased sleep duration compared to placebo. There was also evidence of increased daytime napping and stabilization of sleep onset time under this treatment. While no specific adaptation rates could be observed, exogenous melatonin did not appear to have an adverse effect on the adaptation of the melatonin and alertness rhythms when taken at the desired bedtime. The data clearly show that adaptation of the melatonin rhythm to night shift is possible in certain environments. Further evidence of the deleterious effects of night shift on metabolic and hormonal responses to a nighttime meal has been observed, but the use of bright light treatment may be a potential solution to this problem. While the benefits of exogenous melatonin treatment on sleep may be of use offshore, an increased incidence of daytime napping, observed during melatonin treatment, may be of concern for its use in an offshore environment.
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Kroll, Carly. "Communicating Augmented Reality Devices Improving Technology Acceptance among Electric Utility Field Workers." Thesis, Marquette University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10791776.
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Augmented Reality (AR) is very useful for many different fields and purposes such as entertainment, education, military, navigation, industrial, or electric utility. Electric utilities find use in AR due to the flexibility of location and the real-time information sharing with visuals to keep employees safe and efficient. This exploratory study investigated the use of infographic templates as a way to introduce this new technology to line workers in the electric utility field. Infographics were used as a way to prime workers to be more aware of the technology and its possible uses as well as usefulness. Through the use of Communication Accommodation Theory and the Technology Acceptance Model, the researcher found evidence indicating that presenting information in a clear and interesting way increased electric utility workers desire to adopt the new technology through perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness (Davis, Bagozzi & Warshaw, 1989).
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Vetfuti, Nkosinathi Oscar. "Supportive supervision: the experiences of social workers in the field of child protection." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14433.
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Supervision in social work is composed of educational, administrative and supportive functions. Supportive supervision is particularly important for child protection social workers, given their work with vulnerable children. Supportive supervision facilitates the child protection social worker’s reflection on practice issues with a designated supervisor who, through this process, addresses their personal and professional development as well as their emotional needs; this, in turn, contributes to sound ethical practice. The sparse literature available on the topic and practice observations pointing to the lack of supportive function in the area of Child Protection Services gave rise to this study. The purpose of this qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual study was thus toenhance an understanding of the experiences of social workers in Child Protection Services in respect of supportive function of supervision within the public sector in the Nelson Mandela Bay region. A non-probability purposive sampling strategy was used to identify social workers working in the field of child protection for an uninterrupted minimum period of three years. The final sample consisted of ten child protection social workers. Data was collected through semi-structured, in-depth, individual, face-to-face interviews, which were guided by an interview schedule. The data was analysed using Tesch’s (1990) model as outlined in Creswell (2014:198). The trustworthiness of the research process and the findings was enhanced by using a range of data verification techniques. The main themes that emerged from the process of data analysis are: 1) Social workers’ experiences of working in Child Protection Services; 2) Social workers’ perceptions and experiences of social work supervision in general and supportive supervision in particular; and 3) Social workers’ recommendations on how supportive supervision needs can be addressed. The findings of this study yielded valuable scholarly knowledge in respect of the supportive supervision function in Child Protection Services.
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Yuon, Fuk-lung Eric, and 惲福龍. "An investigation of gender inequality in the social work field in HongKong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42128407.
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Yuon, Fuk-lung Eric. "An investigation of gender inequality in the social work field in Hong Kong." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42128407.
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Messinger, Penny. "Leading the field of mountain work : the conference of Southern mountain workers, 1913-1950 /." The Ohio State University, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487949508367808.
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Smith, William Donald. "Ethnicity, class, and gender in the mines : Korean workers in Japan's Chikuhō coal field, 1917-1945 /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10457.
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Ogebrink, Linda, and Katrin Jansson. "A minor field study conducted in South Africa about how professional care workers interact withHIV- affected children." Thesis, University of Kalmar, School of Human Sciences, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-2507.
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5.2 million South Africans are carrying the virus of HIV. People positively diagnosed with HIV are not only facing a life threatening disease, they are also victims of the stigma that is present in the society. The stigma and discrimination result in denial and isolation, which interferes with testing, education and the work against new cases of HIV. Previous research indicates that the health care system is defined as a setting where anti – stigma interventions can be implemented. Previous research dose also emphasise on the fact that research and literature focusing on HIV related stigma and children are relatively sparse. This study will therefore focus on how care workers, within the health care system; interact with children affected by HIV. The study have been conducted in South Africa at an organization named Yabonga, where interviews and observations have been made in order to receive information about what factors that affect the interaction between the workers and the children.
The information received has been interpreted and understood out of Goffman’s (1963) theory of stigma, as well as Charon’s (2006) theory of symbolic interactionism. The workers’ personality and the attitudes from the society came to be important aspects in the understanding about the interaction. The research presents that the level of knowledge is a key factor to what shapes an equal treatment, which should not be emphasised on a particular group, a developed understanding about HIV is important for every one.
Keywords: HIV/AIDS, Interaction, Stigma, Discrimination
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Björklund, Susann. "What could a 4 temperament-based personality type system reveal about aid workers in the humanitarian field?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-278815.
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The humanitarian sector is in need to prioritize its human resources. Inadequate recruitment processes, aid workers that enter the field unprepared, failed interrelationships and team dissatisfaction leads to poorer work quality, poorer health, and a high employee turnover that are costly for the field, and negative on the side of accountability to the beneficiaries of aid. In order to address these problems the study is investigating the use of a personality type system tool developed by the researcher, the 4mpt-system (4 major personality types-system),that tentatively is constructed as a tool to be applied within human resources in the humanitarian sector to access individual preferences and character traits that would facilitate in addressing the issues mentioned above. The data is gathered via in-depth semi-structured interviews of 7 informants working in the international humanitarian sector. The first objective is to study the reliability and validity of the 4mpt-system. The second objective is to study what information that could be accessed via the 4mpt-system tool from the 7 informants participating in the study. The result of the study would demonstrate that all of the informants could be assigned to a specific temperament type via a qualitative data analyze method designed from the 4mpt-system and that the temperaments affected the informants to a large extent (from motivations and skills to organisational preferences and personal belief systems). Further, the answers of the informants matched the theoretical definitions of the traits assigned to the temperament types by Keirsey (1998) and Fisher (2009), which was a positive indication for a good validity of the 4mpt-system. By verifying the similarity between the answers of informants assigned to the same temperament type, validity was further confirmed. The results of the study supported the reliability and validity of the 4mpt -system. The type of information that could be accessed via the 4mpt-system in the study was among other the motivation for beginning in the humanitarian field, work task preferences, professional skills, problem-solving approaches, decision making processes, likes and dislikes with work and work tasks, organisational structure preference, preference for working directly in the field or working from the office, and general outlooks and personal belief systems.
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Wilson, Anna-Kaisa. "Belongingness in practice : a discursive psychological analysis of aid workers' accounts of living and working in the field." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31000.
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The study described in this thesis represents one of the first attempts to explore belongingness as a practice among aid workers, and to contribute to our understanding of how people account for belonging in situ. In psychology, belongingness has predominantly been studied in laboratory settings, or among those who report not belonging in some way. This has led to concerns about ecological validity, and a neglect of ‘real world’ contexts in the development of belongingness theory. Through semi‐structured interviews with 25 international aid workers, using web‐based calling software (Skype), a discursive psychological approach was employed to rework belongingness as a discursive practice. Belonging was found to be an activity for which participants made themselves accountable, and in so doing worked to manage issues of blame and justification in their interactions. Aid workers constructed fitting in as necessary, but ultimately futile, formulating accounts around inherent and immutable differences with local people. The analysis also explored the ways in which participants constructed efforts to achieve belonging; much of which involved the manipulation of appearance, particularly the use of strategic dressing. Through analysis of participants’ treatment of belonging in interaction it was found that, in practice, belonging was formulated as a continuum rather than a dichotomy.
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Holmemo, Ingvild Kiil. "The Relation between Stress, Muscle Activity, and Shoulder/Neck Pain : a Long-Term Field Study on Health Care Workers." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for bevegelsesvitenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-13156.
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Background: Shoulder and neck pain (SNP) is one of the main causes for sick-leave, and the high prevalence affects occupations with both high, moderate and low workloads. At present, the knowledge about pain mechanisms in occupations with low physical workload is still limited. The main purpose of this study was to investigate whether perceived work stress during the workday is related to trapezius muscle activity. A second objective was to investiagte whether trapezius activity differs between individuals with long-term SNP. Methods: Twenty-seven female health care workers participated. Surface electromyography (sEMG) was recorded from the trapezius muscle throughout the workday. Simultaneous inclinometer recordings of the thigh was used to identify periods with sitting, standing, and walking. SNP and stress were recorded by visual analogue scale and physical fatigue by Borgs scale every hour throughout the workday. An index for long-term SNP was also calculated. Findings: Two main comparisons were performed: A between group comparison where sEMG in pain-afflicted workers was compared to sEMG recorded from pain-free workers, and an intra-individual comparison where sEMG in periods of high stress was compared to periods of low stress. In the analyses of the sEMG activity pattern, the focus was on median amplitude and rest time defined as activity < 0.5% of the maximal sEMG response. Overall, there was no evidence of a difference in sEMG activity between pain-free and pain-afflicted workers. Neither did sEMG activity differ between periods with high vs. low stress. Interpretation: The current study does not support the hypothesis that SNP is related to stress-induced low level muscle activity. Further research is needed to reveal the relation between stress, muscle activity and SNP, and the mechanisms behind.
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Keller, Dorothy Birge. "Competency components in the education of social work practitioners in the field of aging : knowledge, skills and values/attitudes as identified by social service providers /." The Ohio State University, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487263399024754.
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Pickard, Scott D. "Co-workers in the field of souls: the Civil War partnership between Union chaplains and the U.S. Christian Commission, 1861-1865." Diss., Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/15271.
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Doctor of PhilosophyDepartment of History
Robert D. Linder
A religious revival movement occurred in the Union Army during the American Civil War (1861-1865). The revivals began to appear with some regularity at the end of 1862 and continued until the end of the conflict. Union soldiers also widely adopted Protestant evangelical values during this time of religious enthusiasm. Two groups in particular played a pivotal, yet often unheralded, role in the substantial growth of religious fervor among northern soldiers during the Civil War: Union military chaplains and the United States Christian Commission. The thesis of this work is that Union chaplains and the United States Christian Commission developed a close and effective wartime partnership that significantly facilitated their ability to promote Protestant evangelical Christianity among Union soldiers during the Civil War. This wartime association substantially aided their efforts to advance their theological and moral views among the troops. Union chaplains and Commission representatives gained considerable influence over the army’s spiritual and moral environment during the war and were primarily responsible for initiating the widespread revivals that occurred within the Union Army. Although they began the conflict as two distinct organizations, Union chaplains and the Christian Commission collaborated with increasing frequency as the war progressed. Their affiliation brought a number of advantages to each organization and significantly increased their ability to promote their evangelical beliefs with the soldiers. This dissertation contributes to studies on religion and the Civil War by analyzing the religious leadership provided by Union chaplains and the Christian Commission and explains how they shaped the Union Army’s religious environment during the war.
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Bell'aver, Dênis Junior. "Terra e Trabalho: a constituição do campo e dos trabalhadores rurais em Toledo-PR (1955-1970)." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2013. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/1690.
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Previous issue date: 2013-10-18Earth and Work: the constitution of the field and farm workers in Toledo . Toledo (1955-1978) is engaged in understanding the process of class formation of rural workers in Toledo, as well as changes in the way we live and work in the field from their experiences in the period from 1955 to 1978. The theoretical and methodological orientation of the research is from the perspective of the Social History of Labour and Social Movements . I discuss how the work was reorganized as the intensification of capitalist relations of production and occupation of the field . The criminal cases are not read simply and solely for the purpose of drawing the constitution of the crime and the legal representations with respect to the historical presence of rural workers in the field or certain situations in their lives which were submitted and lived . The criminal cases are sources that lead us to the study of the historical experience of rural workers in Toledo , so that these criminal cases are designed and used as historical evidence . Criminal prosecutions while supplies direct to recover as was the daily life of this hidden class from the standpoint of the present, its values and the way they conducted their lives
O tema Terra e Trabalho: a constituição do campo e dos trabalhadores rurais em Toledo, no período de 1955-1978 , tem por objeto compreender o processo de formação da classe dos trabalhadores rurais de Toledo, bem como alterações na forma de viver e trabalhar no campo a partir de suas experiências. A orientação teórico-metodológica da pesquisa parte da perspectiva da História Social do Trabalho e Movimentos sociais. Problematizo como o trabalho foi reorganizado conforme o acirramento das relações capitalistas de produção e ocupação do campo. Os processos criminais não são lidos única e simplesmente com objetivo de desenhar a constituição da criminalidade ou das representações jurídicas com relação à presença histórica dos trabalhadores rurais no campo ou determinadas situações de suas vidas as quais estavam submetidos e viviam. Os processos criminais são fontes que nos levam ao estudo da experiência histórica dos trabalhadores rurais em Toledo, de modo que estes processos criminais são concebidos e utilizados como testemunhos históricos. Os processos criminais enquanto fontes direcionam para recuperar como era o cotidiano desta classe oculta do ponto de vista do presente, nos seus valores e a maneira como conduziam suas vidas
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Björck, Alexander. "Professional Social Work as a Western Invention in Ghanaian Contexts. A Minor Field Study Examining Ghanaian Professional Social Workers Experiences of Legitimacy." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-24823.
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The aim of the study is to examine professional social workers experiences of legitimacy in conducting social work in Ghana’s capital Accra and to discuss possible sources of legitimacy. The idea is to problematize social work as a profession developed and constructed in Western contexts and exported to Ghana during the British colonization. The issue of legitimacy is examined from Ghanaian professional social workers subjective experiences of their meetings with clients and traditional authorities that historically been conducting social work in Ghana. The study is structured around three broad themes intending to explore the Ghanaian social workers experienced legitimacy as professionals in different sequences of the social work; the social workers experiences of legitimacy to (1) classify social problems, (2) to reason about social problems and (3) to take action on social problems. These themes are also basis for the fourth theme that provides a more explanatory discussion of the social workers experiences; (4) possible sources of legitimacy. The analysis conclude that the social workers experiences of legitimacy differ between whether the social work is conducted on an individual level or a community level, towards nuclear families or extended families and whether it is conducted in a social domain or institution that historically and traditionally been in the jurisdiction of traditional authorities or if it is a domain or institution that is recently introduced in the Ghanaian contexts due to modernization.
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Greaves-Holmes, Wanda. "A Retrospective Analysis and Field Study of Nanotechnology Related Ergonomic Risk in Industries Utilizing Nanomaterials." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5225.
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The National Science Foundation estimates that two million skilled nanotechnology workers will be needed world wide by 2015 - one million of them in the United States (2001). In the absence of scientific clarity about the potential health effects of occupational exposure to nanoparticles, guidance in decision making about hazards, risk, and controls takes on new importance. Currently, guiding principles on personal protective equipment for workers who come in contact with nanomaterials have not been standardized universally. Utilizing the NASA-TLX, this dissertation investigates the adequacy and shortcomings of research efforts that seek to determine whether or not occupational exposure to nanomaterials while wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) is or is not potentially frustrating to the worker. While wearing PPE does the worker perceive additional effort, performance, physical, mental or temporal demands or are not impacted during task performance.Ph.D.
Doctorate
Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
Engineering and Computer Science
Industrial Engineering
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Heidari, Negina, and Nasim Yavari. "Nurses' experiences of being team leaders for community health workers in the care of tuberculosis patients : A minor field study in South Africa." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för vård, arbetsliv och välfärd, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-15922.
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South Africa is a country with a high mortality rate because of tuberculosis and increasing cases of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis makes it a global health problem. Tuberculosis is curable and preventable but without proper treatment many of the infected have no chance of survival. Nurses has an essential role as team leaders for the community health workers in the tuberculosis care. The aim of this study is to investigate nurses' experiences of being team leaders for the community health workers in the care of tuberculosis patients. This study is based on semi-structured interviews with seven nurses working as team leaders in the tuberculosis care in different suburbs in Western Cape, South Africa. The nurses experienced that their leadership gets affected by many obstacles in their daily work. A nurse team leadership have a major effect on the quality of care and the community health workers have an essential role by reaching out to the patients in the communities. To develop the cooperation between the nurses and the community health workers, more resources are needed. Therefore a good cooperation is the key to compete against tuberculosis. This study was sponsored by the Swedish Development Cooperation Agency as a Minor Field Study
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James, Jonathan Peter. "Field and laboratory analyses of manual tasks in the South African automotive industry." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005199.
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The present study adopted a “field-laboratory-field” approach in the assessment of the efficacy of ergonomics interventions specific to two selected tasks evaluated in a South African automotive industry. Initial field testing was conducted in an Eastern Cape (South Africa) automotive plant where high risk areas were identified during walkthrough ergonomics surveys in conjunction with interaction with operators. Temporal factors and working postures of 12 industrial workers were recorded and observed, while physiological and perceptual responses were assessed. Two priority areas were focused upon for analysis, namely the Paintshop and Bodyshop with the former identified as being the more taxing of the two tasks. Responses of 30 students participating in rigourously controlled laboratory simulations were subsequently collected while completing the two tasks, namely the Paintshop Trolley Transfer (PTT) and Car Door Carriage (CDC) for participants. Working postures, kinematic, physiological and perceptual responses were assessed pre- and post-intervention. Following the laboratory experimentation a basic re-evaluation was conducted at the plant to assess whether the proposed changes had a positive effect on working postures, physiological and perceptual responses. The results of the preliminary field investigation revealed a prevalence of awkward working postures and excessive manual work in both areas. Laboratory experimentation revealed a notable reduction in task demands pre- versus post-intervention. The PTT mean lean angle for two-handed pre-intervention pulling observations of 23.7° (±3.51) was reduced to 13.9° (±2.21) post-intervention. Low back disorder (LBD) risk was reduced during the two-handed pull intervention (from 36.8% ±8.03 to 21.7% ±5.31). A significant decrement in heart rate responses from 103 bt.min-1 (±11.62) to 93 bt.min[superscript -1] (±11.77) was recorded during the two-handed symmetrical pushing intervention. The electromyography (EMG) responses for one-handed pushing and pulling pre-intervention showed the highest levels of muscular activity in the right medial deltoid due to an awkward and asymmetrical posture. CDC responses demonstrated that minor changes in the storage height of the door resulted in a significant reduction in sagittal flexion from 28.0° (±4.78) to 20.7° (±5.65). Predictions of average probability of LBD risk were significantly reduced from 50.3% (±5.91) to 39.8% (±5.10) for post-intervention car door lifting. In addition, the greatest reduction in EMG activity as a %MVC was achieved during sub-task ii (reduced from 35.1 to 13.7% and 30.5 to 13.9% for left and right erector spinae respectively) which was associated with the introduction of the transfer trolley for the door transfer phase of the CDC. Re-evaluation in the automotive plant revealed that the most notable change has been the implementation of automated ride on trolleys in the Paintshop. The Bodyshop area has also been modified to allow more effective job rotation and the step into the storage bin has been reduced via a “low-cost” stepping platform. Mean heart rate recordings were reduced from 94 (±9.77) bt.min[superscript -1] to 81 (±3.72) bt.min[superscript -1] in the Paintshop. Overall the results demonstrate the effect of “low-cost” interventions in reducing the physical stresses placed on workers in the automotive industry where much of the work is still done manually.
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Daniels, Ingrid Elizabeth. "An investigation of the-training offered to community-based rehabilitation workers with particular reference to the field of mental handicap in the Western Cape." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17112.
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This study investigates the training offered to community-based rehabilitation workers in the field of mental handicap to ascertain whether the training provided has been perceived as appropriate in assisting with their tasks and functions. Further investigation is done into the underlying theoretical approaches used in training, curricula designs, training objectives, location and training periods, the community-based rehabilitation workers level of participation and involvement in planning of the training programme, and whether creative, pragmatic and participatory training methods, techniques and materials were used. The nature of supervision was also explored. The historical development of community-based rehabilitation, the lack of trained personnel, and the disparity in the provision of services in South Africa and the function of the community-based rehabilitation are discussed. It is against this background that the historical emergence and need for training of community-based rehabilitation workers are highlighted. Different theoretical approaches to the development and presentation of training are discussed due to the considerable influence they have on the value base upon which training programmes are built. This includes an overview of the philosophy of Paulo Freire. The research method used is of a qualitative nature. The researcher employs an exploratory - descriptive design to gain insight into an area which is relatively uninvestigated. By using this design, the researcher hopes to build a foundation of ideas and tentative theories which could later be tested through more complex methods. The first population chosen included the total population of community-based rehabilitation workers employed at the South African Christian Leadership Assembly Health Project, (seven) and Cape Mental Health Society (two). The second population were the trainers associated with these organisations and the specific projects in which the community-based rehabilitation workers are employed. One trainer from each organisation was included. Both organisations chosen are engaged in direct service delivery to the mentally handicapped in socially deprived communities in the Western Cape. The primary source of data collection was acquired in two phases:- Phase one - An interview schedule which included structured & unstructured questions was administered by the researcher to the community - based rehabilitation workers. The information was gathered with the assistance of an interpreter. Phase two - A detailed self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire was completed by the trainers. The data in these two phases was presented in a descriptive manner due to the size of the population. The study found that there is no consensus regarding appropriate training models. Courses are often loosely structured with no theoretical base. A comprehensive-generic approach which includes promotive, curative, preventative, and rehabilitative aspects is suggested. In this study, the course focused mainly on curative and rehabilitative aspects to assist with tasks while promotive and preventative skills were neglected. No prescribed training period can be stipulated. Constraints of distance and location would determine the duration of the training while the location of training should be within the confines of the community to prevent isolation and an unnatural environment. More creative and pragmatic methods and techniques should be carefully selected. All components of supervision should be given priority and provided regularly in pragmatic and innovative ways. Furthermore, trainers, trainees and communities need to have equal participation and involvement in all spheres of training.
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Parker, Rhiannon Jennifer. "A field investigation into the impact of task demands on worker responses in the South African forestry silviculture sector." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015645.
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Background: In South Africa, limited research has focused on the task demands and workers responses associated with forestry silviculture work, particularly pitting and planting. The methods currently in use are manual, but despite our lack of understanding of the existing demands, advances in forestry engineering have resulted in an introduction of semi-mechanised versions of these tasks. This project aimed to compare the task demands of silviculture tasks using the current manual techniques and the more modern, semi-mechanised techniques. Methods: A holistic investigation focused on the worker characteristics of a sample of black male pitters and black female planters from the Kwa-Zulu Natal forestry industry, as well as biomechanical (spinal kinematics and L5/S1 forces), physiological (heart rate, oxygen consumption and energy expenditure) and psychophysical (ratings of perceived exertion and body discomfort) responses associated with manual and semi-mechanised pitting and planting. Results: The pitting task saw significant improvements in the spinal kinematic measures as a result of the increased mechanisation, with eight of the 16 recorded variables decreasing to a lower level of risk classification. Physiologically, the manual task was associated with a mean heart rate of 157 bt.min⁻¹ and absolute energy expenditure of 11.27 kcal.min⁻¹, which were not found to be significantly different to the values of 143 bt.min⁻¹ and 9.8 kcal.min⁻¹ recorded during the semi-mechanised technique. Psychophysical responses indicated that the workers perceived manual pitting to be more physically demanding than the semi-mechanised method. The manual and semi-mechanised planting tasks were, in general, found to be acceptable from a spinal kinematics perspective, with the majority of variables classified as low risk. However, the maximum sagittal angle was reduced by more than 20 degrees as a result of the new equipment. The physiological and psychophysical demands associated with manual planting were found to be within acceptable limits. Conclusion: In terms of pitting, it can tentatively be concluded that the semi-mechanised technique is better than the manual one, based on the biomechanical and psychophysical findings, however physiological demands require further investigation. When considering the planting techniques, the semi-mechanised method showed a slight improvement from the biomechanical perspective, but further physiological and psychophysical investigations are needed.
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Engelbrecht, Lambert K. "Die toepassing van die ondersteuningsfunksie in supervisie aan voorgraadse maatskaplikewerkstudente." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/54722.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 1995.Een kopie mikrofiche.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The application of the support function in supervision of undergraduate students in social work liberates the students' emotional energy in order to contribute to the success of the students. To be a source of support to the students, the supervisor must be aware of the possible causes of stress, the students' reaction thereto and methods in which they could deal with it. This exploratory study endeavours to create a scientifically based framework for the application of the support function in supervision of undergraduate students in social work in order to deal with stress. The causes of, reaction towards and ways in which undergraduate students in social work deal with stress were determined by means of questionnaires and described in terms of the students' personalities and their unique circumstances, their contact with the client system and supervision of the students. The respondents were 60 undergraduate students in social work. Conclusions and recommendations were made which focussed, amongst others, on the development of knowledge regarding the application of the support function in supervision, pro-active support, communication during support and application of the support function with regard to the practice education of the students. The framework of this research can be utilised by supervisors for effective supervision of undergraduate students in social work.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die toepassing van die ondersteuningsfunksie in supervisie aan voorgraadse maatskaplikewerkstudente stel die studente se emosionele energie vry ten einde tot suksesvolle studente by te dra. Om 'n bron van ondersteuning vir studente te wees, moet die supervisor bewus wees van die moontlike oorsake van stres, die studente se reaksies daarop en die wyses waarop stres hanteer kan word. Hierdie verkennende studie het ten doel om 'n wetenskaplik gefundeerde raamwerk daar te stel vir die toepassing van die ondersteuningsfunksie in supervisie aan voorgraadse maatskaplikewerkstudente ten einde stres te hanteer. Die oorsake, reaksies en hantering van voorgraadse maatskaplikewerkstudente se stres is deur middel van vraelyste bepaal en in terme van die studente se persoonlikheid en omstandighede, hulle kontak met die klientsisteem en supervisie aan die studente beskryf. Die respondente het uit 60 voorgraadse maatskaplikewerkstudente bestaan. Gevolgtrekkings en aanbevelings is gemaak wat onder andere gefokus het op ontwikkeling van kennis oor die toepassing van die ondersteuningsfunksie in supervisie, pro-aktiewe ondersteuning, kommunikasie tydens ondersteuning en toepassing van die ondersteuningsfunksie met betrekking tot studente se praktykopleiding. Die raamwerk van hierdie navorsingsverslag sal deur supervisors vir effektiewe supervisie aan voorgraadse maatskaplikewerkstudente benut kan word.
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Nice, Vivien E. "Child-centred practice : the meaning and experience of remaining child-centred for local authority field social workers assessing and providing services to children in need and their families." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.426774.
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Karber, Candice Tara. "The importance of racial concordance and the childhood experiences of Black students and practicing clinicians in the field of social work : a project based upon an independent investigation /." View online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10090/5904.
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Vuorijärvi, April. "The Dark Side of Economic Sanctions: Unveiling the Plight of Women from Myanmar/Burma - A Minor Field Study in Myanmar and Thailand." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23157.
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An investigative research unraveling the implication of economic sanctions on Burmese women. This research was inspired by allegations in 2003 that thousands of women in Burma/Myanmar lost their jobs in the garment industry, thus exposing women to vulnerable aspects of forced migration and trafficking. A short case study of Iraq, Haiti, and Cuba is additionally provided while the history of economic sanctions and boycotts is heavily scrutinized. Perspectives of humanitarian law, human rights law, and feminist theory frame the basis of the research of which provide another critical dimension into the ongoing debate on economic sanctions.
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Almeida, Raiza Dias de. "Educação do campo, movimentos sociais e práticas educativas: uma análise da política de educação do campo em Miradouro - MG." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2016. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/3181.
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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
A presente dissertação teve como objetivos analisar a participação dos Movimentos Sociais, especificamente o Sindicato dos Trabalhadores Rurais (STR) de Miradouro, na implementação da Educação do Campo para as escolas da Rede Pública do Município e nos processos subsequentes de construção da Educação do Campo. A pesquisa se enquadra como um estudo de caso, por se tratar especificamente do Município de Miradouro, caracterizada como uma pesquisa qualitativa, na qual usamos entrevistas do tipo semiestruturada e observações à luz do materialismo histórico dialético. Utilizamos também referências bibliográficas e documentais para o levantamento teórico. Para tanto, o trabalho encontra-se dividido em cinco capítulos. O primeiro capítulo explicita a concepção teórico-metodológica que sustenta a pesquisa e os caminhos metodológicos e os métodos que foram utilizados para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa. O capítulo dois contempla as discussões de âmbito macro, a fim de contextualizar o objeto de pesquisa. Assim, utilizamos das formulações de Gramsci para compreender o conceito de Estado, bem como evidenciar a influência dos modos de produção capitalista na formação/constituição do histórico dos movimentos sociais e na sua atual configuração. O capítulo três aborda as discussões sobre Movimentos Sociais, Educação do Campo e Movimentos Sociais do Campo, de maneira a elucidar o histórico, especificidade e a importância dos mesmos. O capítulo quatro aponta as características do município de Miradouro bem como apresentar a análise das entrevistas realizadas a fim de compreender os Movimentos Sociais de Miradouro na perspectiva da Educação do Campo para as escolas públicas do município. Por fim, no último capítulo tecemos as considerações finais, nas quais concluímos o objetivo dessa dissertação. Nesse sentido, foi possível constatar que o histórico de luta pela Educação do Campo no município sofreu alterações em seu percurso. A participação do STR foi de suma importância para a construção de uma concepção de educação do campo valorativa. Contudo, constatamos que, ao longo dessa jornada, essa participação se desvinculou de um propósito de luta coletiva. De tal modo, entendemos que essa dissertação teve, além do compromisso científico, o objetivo de contribuir para o conhecimento dessa realidade e, ao mesmo tempo, tentar transformá-la com as constatações, aqui, feitas.
This dissertation had as its goals to analyze how the participation of the Social Movements occurred materialized by the Rural Workers Union of Miradouro at the time of the implementation of the Field Education to the public network of schools in the county and what has been the role played by the same Movements in the perspective of Field Education. In order to do so, the dissertation is divided in five chapters. The first chapter enlightens about the methodology that will be developed in the research, thereby the historical- dialectical materialism was used. The research is framed as a case study, because deals specifically with the Miradouro country, being characterized as a qualitative research, in which we used semi structured interviews and observations. We also used bibliographic and documental references for the theoretical gendering of information. Chapter two contemplates the discussion in the macro context, seeking to contextualize the research object. Therefore, we used Gramsci’s formulations to comprehend the concept of State, as well as highlight the influences of the capitalist ways of production in the formation/constitution of the social movements history and its current configuration. Chapter three addresses the discussions about Social Movements, Field Education and Rural Social Movements, in order to clarify the history, specificity and the importance of the three topics of study mentioned above. Chapter four will elaborate on the characteristics of the county of Miradouro as well as expose an analyses of the interviews taken seeking to understand the Social Movements of Miradouro in the perspective of Field Education to the public schools of the county. At last, the last chapter brigs the final considerations, in wich we can conclude this dissertations goals. In this sense, we could see that the historical struggle for rural education in the city has changed in its path. STR participation was extremely important to construct an estimated field education. However, we verify that, along this journey, this participation has detached itself from a purpose of collective struggle. So we understood that this dissertation has, beyond the scientific commitment, the objective of contributing to the knowledge of this reality and, at the same time, try to change it with the verifications made.
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Teixeira, Eber Mariano. ""Amanhã é outro dia": falas, memórias e outras histórias de trabalhadores cortadores-de-cana em General Salgado SP, 1980 2008." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13218.
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Previous issue date: 2010-03-25Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The present research aims to quest experiences of life for the workers sugar cane cutter at the General Salgado city, northwest region of São Paulo. The coming of these workers sugar cane cutter the field, and of other cities, mainly of the northeast region, represented new situations/tensions -, propagated for regional the local press/expressing and feeding reactions of different groups of the city, the region, ahead of the impact caused for this presence in the city. Searching to give visibility to the problematic ones lived by these workers, I look for to make a reflection in co-authorship with them, appealing to the ways as they interpret and they tell its experiences. Experiences that if they enunciate in the ways to work, to live, to socialize, in the proper forms of living, acting and interpreting the life, that we take and we analyze in ampler dimensions of the historical process. I searched to understand as these workers face, in the daily one, the processes of changes in the productive relations front to the mechanization of the sugar cane cut, the fight to guarantee the sustenance of the family -, as (re) they construct the convivial, (re) elaborate and internalize the values, customs, without losing of sight the tensions/social contradictions that produce and constitute in the spaces lived for the workers in its trajectories between the field and the city. From these questions placed in the present I started to reflect on the significant presence of the workers sugar cane cutter in General Salgado, disputing places and firming presence in the city in search of better conditions of life and work
A presente pesquisa problematiza as experiências vividas pelos trabalhadores cortadores-de-cana na cidade de General Salgado, região noroeste do Estado de São Paulo. A vinda destes trabalhadores cortadores-de-cana do campo e de outras cidades, principalmente da região nordeste, representou novas situações/tensões, veiculadas pela imprensa local/regional, expressando e alimentando reações de diferentes grupos da cidade, da região, diante do impacto causado por essa presença na cidade. Buscando dar visibilidade às problemáticas vividas por esses trabalhadores, procurei fazer uma reflexão em co-autoria com eles, recorrendo aos modos como interpretam e relatam suas experiências. Experiências que se enunciam nos modos de trabalhar, de morar, de sociabilizar, nas formas próprias de viver, agir e de interpretar a vida, que se toma e se analisa em dimensões mais amplas do processo histórico. Busquei compreender como estes trabalhadores enfrentam, no cotidiano, os processos de mudanças nas relações produtivas frente à mecanização do corte-de-cana, a luta para garantir o sustento da família , como (re) constroem convivências, (re) elaboram e internalizam valores, costumes, sem perder de vista as tensões/contradições sociais que engendram e constituem nos espaços vividos pelos trabalhadores em suas trajetórias entre o campo e a cidade. A partir dessas questões postas no presente é que comecei a refletir sobre a presença significativa dos trabalhadores cortadores-de-cana em General Salgado, disputando lugares e firmando presença na cidade em busca de melhores condições de vida e trabalho
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Barreto, Joana Inês da Silva. "Segurança Social e trabalhadores migrantes : a protecção do direito à pensão de velhice." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/11371.
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Mestrado em Economia e Políticas PúblicasA coordenação internacional dos sistemas de segurança social surgiu como forma de proteger os direitos dos cidadãos que se deslocam internacionalmente. No caso da União Europeia, a importância desta política é explicada muito por via do princípio da livre circulação de trabalhadores, através da abolição de quaisquer obstáculos nesta área. Nesta dissertação procurou-se perceber a influência dos mecanismos de cálculo das pensões de velhice nos direitos dos beneficiários portugueses com períodos contributivos em países cujos sistemas foram objeto de estudo e da solução dada pela legislação europeia neste sentido. Para tanto, com base num exercício empírico, assente em simulações, foi possível chegar a uma indicação do valor de pensão obtido por trabalhadores portugueses emigrantes, por comparação a um trabalhador português com uma carreira constituída unicamente no território nacional.
The coordination of the social security systems has become a need as a way to protect citizens rights when moving internationally. Within the European Union the importance of this policy finds its explanation majorly in the principle of free labour movement through the abolition of any obstacles in this matter. In this thesis the aim is to understand the influence of pension calculation mechanisms in Portuguese beneficiaries? rights with insurance periods in several studied countries regarding systems and consequently the solution given by European legislation serving this purpose. Therefore, based on an empirical exercise settled on simulations, it was possible to reach an indication of the pension value obtained by Portuguese emigrant workers, compared to a Portuguese worker with a career exclusively in the national territory.
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Kilian, Ilana. "Opleidingsstrategiee vir praktykopleiers van voorgraadse maatskaplike werkstudente." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52385.
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Thesis (M Social Work)--Stellenbosch University, 2001.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This research investigates education strategies for field instructors working with undergraduate social work students. Social work students at the University of Stellenbosch receive practical experience and education at welfare institutions as part of their formal education. During this practice education period students are guided and educated by field instructors. Practice education of undergraduate social work students is a demanding responsibility to field instructors and knowledge and skills are required to complete the task successfully. During the practice education period, field instructors are still confronted with their own work pressure and environmental demands in practice, along with the practice education of undergraduate social work students. The basic premise for this research is focused on the importance of the role of field instructors during the field practice period, as well as the importance of continuous education to these field instructors. This research report includes 'n thorough literature study that refers to the knowledge and skills that are required of field instructors for practice eduaction of students. The partnership between the educational institution and practice education agency are discussed and the roles, tasks and expectations of the partners are described in the chapters. Both parties are responsible for the education of field instructors and several educational strategies are examined. As a conclusion, educational strategies for field instructors are discussed and recommendations are made. The empirical research involved the use of both qualitative and quantitative methods to explore the theoretical part of the research. An explorary study was used to obtain the information from respondants. The findings and results of the research are analized and compared with the literature and some recommendations are made. The findings of this research can be used as guidelines for the education of field instructors concerned with the education of undergraduate social work students. Field instructors contribute to the education of professional social workers and all parties involved in the education process should bare a responsibilty to participate in field instructors' education.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie navorsing ondersoek opleidingsstrategieë vir praktykopleiers van voorgraadse maatskaplikewerk-studente. Maatskaplikewerk-studente aan die Universiteit van Stellenbosch word as deel van hul formele opleiding blootgestel aan praktiese ondervinding en -onderrig by welsynsinstansies. Gedurende hierdie praktykonderrigplasing ontvang studente leiding en onderrig van praktykopleiers. Praktykonderrig van voorgraadse maatskaplikewerk-studente stel hoë eise aan praktykopleiers en verg kennis en vaardighede om die taak suksesvol uit te voer. Tydens die praktykonderrigperiode word praktykopleiers steeds gekonfronteer met die eise van die werks- en omgewingsdruk in die praktyk, tesame met die praktykonderrig van voorgraadse maatskaplikewerk-studente. Hierdie navorsing is gerig op die noodsaaklikheid van praktykopleiers se rol tydens die praktykonderrigperiode van voorgraadse maatskaplikewerk-studente, sowel as die belangrikheid van voortgesette opleiding aan hierdie praktykopleiers. Ten einde opleidingsstrategieë vir praktykopleiers daar te stel, fokus die literatuurstudie op 'n bespreking van die kennis en vaardighede waaroor praktykopleiers moet beskik vir praktykonderrig aan studente. Die vennootskap tussen die opleidingsinstansie en praktykonderrigsinstansie word volledig bespreek en rolle, funksies en verwagtinge van die vennote word aangedui. Beide partye dra 'n verantwoordelikheid teenoor die opleiding van praktykopleiers en moontlike opleidingsmetodes word ondersoek. Ter samevatting word opleidingsstrategieë vir praktykopleiers bespreek en aanbevelings word gemaak. Die teoretiese deel van die verslag word uitgebrei in die empiriese ondersoek, deur 'n ontleding en bespreking van die resultate van die ondersoek. 'n Verkennende studie is benut en beide kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe metodes is gebruik om die inligting van respondente te bekom. Die bevindinge en resultate van die ondersoek is geanaliseer en vergelyk met die literatuur en sekere aanbevelings is gemaak. Die bevindinge van hierdie studie kan as riglyn gebruik word vir die opleiding van praktykopleiers wat betrokke is by die onderrig van voorgraadse maatskaplikewerk-studente. Praktykopleiers speel 'n belangrike rol in die opleiding en onderrig van professionele maatskaplike werkers en betrokke partye in die opleidingsproses dra 'n verantwoordelikheid om praktykopleiers toe te rus vir die taak.
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Bassey-Duke, Elizabeth Misan. "An ergonomics intervention study into the physiological, perceptual and productivity effects of three citrus harvesting bag designs in the Eastern Cape of South Africa : a combined laboratory and field approach." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1018908.
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Background: Agriculture plays a vital role in the economy of any industrially developing country, including South Africa. In the Eastern Cape of South Africa citrus farming is a significant contributor to the local economy (Johnson et al., 2005). The harvesting phase of citrus farming is performed manually and exposes workers to physical risks, which can lead to the development of musculoskeletal disorders. In particular, the standard harvesting bag comprises of a single shoulder strap and promotes asymmetrical load carriage which results in shoulder and lower back pain complaints. The current study compared the physiological (EMG), perceptual (RPE), usability (PUEU) and productivity effects of two new harvesting bag designs (a hip belt and a backpack bag design) to the standard harvesting bag design. This was performed in a laboratory as well as a field setting. Methods (Laboratory phase): 36 participants (12 males and 24 females) were assigned to one worker group. The “tall ladder worker” group was comprised of only males and the “step ladder worker” and “ground worker” group of females. Each participant was required to simulate a citrus harvesting task while utilizing each of the bag designs on different days. On each day/test session, participants performed three harvesting cycles. Muscle activity was measured throughout the entire testing session and RPE were recorded at the end of each cycle. Results (Laboratory phase): The EMG and RPE results indicate that the backpack design was the most ideal design to reduce asymmetry, while the standard harvesting bag design was the worst. Although not significant, there was greater muscle asymmetry (p=0.109) and a significantly higher perceived exertion when using the standard bag (p=0.0004), in comparison to using the backpack. Methods (Field phase): 17 Xhosa-speaking citrus harvesters (6 females and 11 males) participated in this study. Each harvester worked with one of the three bag designs on a different day. Productivity of each worker was assessed every hour by recording the number of bags filled with fruit and at the end of the shift. A Perceived Usefulness & Ease of Use questionnaire was presented to each participant to obtain feedback on worker acceptance to the new bag designs. Results (Field phase): A general trend in support of the hip belt bag design over the other two bag designs were found, even within the different worker demographic groups (age, sex and worker experience). The workers perceived less exertion (7.98 ± 1.86) and were more productive (9.90 ± 2.11 bags/hour) when using the hip belt design; they also found this bag the most useful (1.02 ± 0.09) and easy to use (1.07 ± 0.25). In contrast, the backpack bag design had significantly poorer responses when compared to the other two bag designs and this was evident in all the dependent variables assessed (RPE, productivity and PUEU). Conclusion: The results from the laboratory phase supported the expectation that the backpack bag design reduces asymmetry and hence, is more suitable than the standard harvesting bag. However, results from the field show that the hip belt bag design was the most preferred and the backpack was the least preferred. Bao & Shahnavaz (1989) highlight the need for ergonomics researcher to convey laboratory findings into the field context. However, as shown by the current study, there are numerous challenges associated with field work, making it difficult for laboratory findings to be successfully conveyed to the field. Limitations and Recommendations: For the laboratory phase of the project, no biomechanical and cardiovascular responses were assessed. However, for a holistic approach, these variables should be considered in future studies. Due to high variability from one harvesting cycle to another, more than three harvesting cycles should also be performed to accurately replicate the harvesting process as done in the field over extended durations of time. For the field phase, data should be collected from more than one citrus farm and thus a larger sample size could be obtained. This would improve the validity of the study. In addition to this, data should be collected for a full working day, especially if environmental conditions are not a hindrance, as well as for a whole season, since workloads vary, depending on the time of the harvesting season.Name on Graduation Programme: Bassey-Duke, Elizabeth Missan
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Martins, Dinorah Nogueira de Souza. "A educação nos assentamentos de sem terra no sudoeste da Bahia: o caso do Assentamento de Amaralina em Vitória da Conquista." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2009. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/4076.
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Previous issue date: 2009-06-22The present work s goal is to analyze the trajectory of a sector of rural social movements, the landless rural workers at Vitória da Conquista city, at Southwest Bahia State, which at the middle of the seventies decided to start searching for their land. Known as the MST people, this social and political individuals fit at the Movement, focusing to occupy the land and make Agrarian Reform. The occupation of Amaralina s farm at Vitória da Conquista city begins the first landless settling at Southwest Bahia. The research was characterized by a qualitative approach and had as main investigation procedures bibliographic lectures, class and recreational observations, interviews of the residents, coordinator, teachers and students, formulation and application of questionnaires which were answered by 12 children, at the II semester of 2007 and first semester of 2008. This work recovers the fight s history of this people, theirs identity, theirs culture and investigates the offered education at theirs schools and if the pedagogical practice in there is in accordance with the Movement s philosophic and political principles; beginning by MST s history at Brazil and its organization at Southwest Bahia, at the 70ties and 80ties, as well it points to the experiences set and economical social political conflicts seen at the occupation, the land distribution, the production organization, at several breaks and visions and, it opens a precious space for writing at ink the history of this individuals whom had written with blood their owns life history
Esta dissertação tem por objetivo analisar a trajetória de uma parcela dos movimentos sociais rurais, dos trabalhadores rurais Sem Terra no município de Vitória da Conquista, no Sudoeste do Estado da Bahia, que em meados da década de 70 decidem partir em busca do seu pedaço de chão . Conhecidos como o povo do MST, esses sujeitos sociais e políticos se engajam no Movimento, tendo como meta ocupar a terra e fazer Reforma Agrária. A ocupação da fazenda Amaralina no município de Vitória da Conquista dá origem ao primeiro assentamento de semterra do Sudoeste da Bahia. A pesquisa caracterizou-se por uma abordagem qualitativa e teve como principais procedimentos de investigação leituras bibliográficas, observações de aulas e de recreação, entrevistas com os moradores, coordenador, professores e alunos, elaboração e aplicação de questionários que foram respondidos por 20 crianças da referida escola, no período correspondente ao II semestre de 2007 e primeiro semestre de 2008. O presente trabalho recupera a história de luta dessa gente, sua identidade, sua cultura e investiga a educação que é oferecida em suas escolas e se as práxis pedagógicas ali presentes estão em consonância com os princípios filosóficos e políticos do Movimento; começando pela história do MST no Brasil e sua organização no Sudoeste da Bahia, nos anos de 1970/80; aponta também para o conjunto de experiências e conflitos sócio-políticos e econômicos que se verificaram nos momentos da ocupação, da distribuição das terras, da organização da produção, nas cisões e visões diferenciadas e, abre um espaço precioso para escrever com tinta a história desses sujeitos que já escreveram com sangue sua própria história de vida
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Djemai, Khoubeib. "L'impact des technologies d'automatisation des collaborateurs de terrain sur la coordination : le cas des techniciens d'intervention de France Télécom." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00959888.
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L'objectif de cette thèse est d'explorer une nouvelle technologie qui remporte un certain succès dans les organisations de service connue sous l'appellation Field Force Automation (FFA). Cette technologie appartient à un vaste domaine émergent, les applications professionnelles mobiles (M-Business). Ce terme englobe tous les types d'applications mobiles destinés aux entreprises ; son succès est principalement lié à sa capacité à relier à l'entreprise, les collaborateurs de terrain (par exemple, les techniciens, les pompiers, les chauffeurs routiers etc.) qui travaillaient préalablement sans liaison directe avec leur base. L'utilisation de ces technologies, permet à ces travailleurs d'accéder à, de collecter et de traiter des données à distance et en temps réel. Le fait de connecter les collaborateurs mobiles permet à l'entreprise d'accroître sa performance, en augmentant la productivité des techniciens tout en réduisant les coûts liés aux déplacements. Malgré tous ces avantages, l'utilisation de cette technologie pose des problèmes aux communautés de techniciens, plus particulièrement ceux qui subissent des changements fondamentaux dans leur mode de travail, car cette technologie a profondément modifié la manière dont ils coordonnent leur travail. En effet, avant l'utilisation de ces technologies, les techniciens se rendaient à la station centrale afin d'obtenir leur charge de travail. Ils doivent maintenant partir en intervention directement de leur domicile. Les organisations ont appliqué un changement technique, mais ont mal pris en compte l'impact de ce changement sur la structure sociale. Notamment le fait que les techniciens ne se rendaient pas à la station centrale uniquement pour obtenir leur charge de travail mais aussi pour y échanger leurs expériences, discuter des problèmes rencontrés et des solutions apportées accroissant ainsi l'efficacité de leur travail. Selon l'approche sociotechnique, le manque d'attention à la structure sociale dans l'application de cette nouvelle technologie condamne à l'échec ces technologies au niveau des organisations qui ne prendraient pas en compte cette dimension. Ce phénomène est à l'origine de ce projet de recherche. Cette recherche a pour but d'explorer comment et pourquoi le fait de se concentrer sur la dimension technique peut mener l'implantation de ces technologies à l'échec et impacter négativement la performance des organisations. Pour analyser cette problématique, nous avons appliqué une approche sociotechnique afin d'étudier le changement organisationnel, car cette approche se base sur deux propositions majeures: le changement technique seul impacte négativement la performance de l'organisation et le changement sociotechnique impacte positivement la performance de l'organisation. Afin d'examiner et comparer ces propositions, un design de cas multiples est nécessaire pour les confirmer. L'entreprise France Télécom correspond à ce design de recherche, sollicitée elle a accepté de m'accueillir pour effectuer cette recherche. L'observation de cas au sein de cette organisation nous permet d'identifier et de comparer plusieurs exemples concrets reflétant le changement technique et ce que nous appelons le changement sociotechnique.
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Silva, Francinalda Araújo e. "A formação política da juventude : uma experiência do MST no Assentamento Palmares - MA." Universidade de Taubaté, 2013. http://www.bdtd.unitau.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=646.
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Este estudo objetiva analisar a formação política proporcionada pelo Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST) à juventude do assentamento Palmares MA. Para tanto, buscou-se identificar as práticas sociais desenvolvidas na comunidade com vistas à formação política dos jovens assentados, bem como conhecer a perspectiva de formação que orienta a pedagogia do Movimento para a construção da identidade dos mesmos. A pesquisa tem natureza qualitativa e foi realizada por meio de estudo de caso com enfoque etnográfico. Para coleta de dados utilizou-se observação direta, pesquisa documental, grupo focal com os jovens, homens e mulheres, na faixa etária compreendida entre 18 e 24 anos residentes no assentamento Palmares, localizado no município de Nina Rodrigues, estado do Maranhão, e entrevistas com lideranças da comunidade. Para analisar os dados obtidos, recorreu-se à triangulação, correlacionando os princípios político-pedagógicos que dão sustentação à formação política no MST, a partir das narrativas obtidas no grupo focal e nas entrevistas. A pesquisa possibilitou conhecer a experiência de formação política da juventude do assentamento Palmares, partindo das práticas sociais vivenciadas no seu interior, contribuindo para a percepção da influência dessa formação em suas vidas e nas formas de intervenção na realidade. Constatou-se que a experiência de formação política no assentamento Palmares
contribuiu para que os jovens se percebam como sujeitos de direito, e continuem na luta social, além de consolidar o sentimento de pertencimento dos jovens ao MST e à comunidade na qual vivem.The research focused to analyze the political education afforded by the Movement of Landless Rural Workers (MST) to youth Palmares-MA settlement. Therefore, we sought to identify social practices developed in the community for the political education of young settlers as well as meet the formation perspective that guides the pedagogy of movement for the construction of the identity of the same. The research is qualitative and it was performed by means of a case study with an ethnographic approach. For data collection we used direct observation, documentary research, focus groups with young people, men and women, at the age between 18 and 24 residents in the settlement Palmares, located in the municipality of Nina Rodrigues, Maranhão state, and interviews with community leaders. To analyze the data obtained, we used appealed to the triangulation, correlating the political-pedagogical principles that support political training in MST, the narratives obtained in focus groups and interviews. The research allowed to know the experience of youth training policy in the Palmares settlement, starting from social practices experienced inside, contributing to the perception of the influence of such training in their lives and the forms of intervention in reality. It was found that the experience of formation policy in Palmares settlement contributed to young people see themselves as subjects of law, that give continuation to the struggles as well as consolidate the feeling of belonging to the MST youth.
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Jesus, Vania Cristina Pauluk de. "Educação do campo: demanda dos trabalhadores." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2006. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/1225.
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Previous issue date: 2006-03-08In this text we intend to argue that especificidades necessary to possess the school of the field in this neoliberal world, to identify the educational demands of the citizens of the field and to analyze the proposals for education of the field of the social movements and State. This research is of qualitative boarding e, uses as main instruments of collection of data the documentary analysis and structuralized interviews opened. To reach our objectives we characterize and we argue the proposal educational of the MST (Movement of the Agricultural Workers Without Land); we analyze the Operational Lines of direction for School of the Field and, we carry through interviews with two agricultural communities to identify its educational demands; one in the agricultural zone of Thick Tip and another one a nesting of agrarian reform in Teixeira Soares. We all interview the twenty and nine people of the pertaining to school communities (parents, pupils, professors, director, maid). The proposal educational of the MST intends to awake the conscience of classroom and formation of militant. The MST adopts as theoreticians sustentation especially Freire, Makarenko, Piaget; however it does not choose a specific pedagogy, puts all in movement, so that if I will choose most adequate, as the necessities. The proposal of the State (the Operational Lines of direction for School of the Field), presents many advances to know: to give to all of the basic and professional education in the proper agricultural communities; pertaining to school adaptable of the calendar and spaces; initial and continued formation of professors; differentiation of the cost pupil, among others. With reference to the educational demands of the citizens of the field, seen for its eyes; three points are expressed expectations in relation to the school, enclosing central offices: 1) acquisition of abilities as reading, writing and calculation and, still, transmission of knowledge; 2) moral formation and 3) preparation for the work in the field. These expectations reflect of certain form the values and ideologies gifts in our society. The thought of the workers reflects its way of life and values. However, for the construction of a school of social quality for the field, that takes care of to its yearnings and necessities, it respects and it values its to know and values, become necessary financial and human investments in the situated schools in the field. The social movements can contribute for improvement of the school, in some ways, participating, suggesting modifications, oportunizando the use of its pedagogical materials, but over all; when together organizing itself with the community to demand that the State fulfills its paper flifting of the school, accomplishing what it is foreseen in the Lines of direction. We consider that the necessary field of a differentiated education, that if does not restrict to the agricultural necessities and of the market of work, but ample a cultural formation, that privileges the acquisition and reconstruct of the scientific knowledge.
Neste texto pretendemos discutir que especificidades precisa possuir a escola do campo neste mundo neoliberal, identificar as demandas educacionais dos sujeitos do campo e analisar as propostas para educação do campo dos movimentos sociais e Estado. Esta pesquisa é de abordagem qualitativa e, utilizamos como principais instrumentos de coleta de dados a análise documental e entrevistas estruturadas abertas. Para atingir nossos objetivos caracterizamos e discutimos a proposta educacional do MST (Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra); analisamos as Diretrizes Operacionais para Escola do Campo e, realizamos entrevistas com duas comunidades rurais para identificar suas demandas educacionais; uma na zona rural de Ponta Grossa e outra em um assentamento de reforma agrária de Teixeira Soares. Entrevistamos ao todo vinte e nove pessoas das comunidades escolares (pais, alunos, professores, diretora, servente). A proposta educacional do MST pretende despertar a consciência de classe e formação de militantes. O MST adota como referenciais teóricos especialmente Freire, Makarenko, Piaget; entretanto não escolhe uma pedagogia específica, põe todas em movimento, para que se escolha a mais adequada, conforme as necessidades. A proposta do Estado (As Diretrizes Operacionais para Escola do Campo), apresenta muitos avanços a saber: universalização da educação básica e profissional nas próprias comunidades rurais; flexibilização do calendário e espaços escolares; formação inicial e continuada de professores; diferenciação do custo aluno, entre outros. Com referência às demandas educacionais dos sujeitos do campo, vistas pelos seus olhos; traduzem-se em expectativas em relação à escola, abrangendo três pontos centrais: 1) aquisição de habilidades como leitura, escrita e cálculo e, ainda, transmissão de conhecimentos; 2) formação moral e 3) preparação para o trabalho no campo. Essas expectativas refletem de certa forma os valores e ideologias presentes em nossa sociedade. O pensamento dos trabalhadores reflete seu modo de vida e valores. Contudo, para a construção de uma escola de qualidade social para o campo, que atenda seus anseios e necessidades, respeite e valorize seus saberes e valores, fazem-se necessários investimentos financeiros e humanos nas escolas situadas no campo. Os movimentos sociais podem contribuir para melhoria da escola, de várias maneiras, participando, sugerindo modificações, oportunizando a utilização de seus materiais pedagógicos, mas sobretudo; ao organizarem-se junto com a comunidade para reivindicar que o Estado cumpra seu papel de mantenedor da escola, efetivando o que está previsto nas Diretrizes. Consideramos que o campo precisa de uma educação diferenciada, que não se restrinja às necessidades agrícolas e do mercado de trabalho, mas uma formação cultural ampla, que privilegie a aquisição e recriação dos conhecimentos científicos.
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Garris, Bill R., and Bethany A. Novotny. "Major Field Test (Anxiety!)." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3144.
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Smith, Sufran. "Die forensiese maatskaplike werker as deskundige getuie in die hof / Sufran Smith." Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2131.
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Tulloch, Jo. "Stress in the role of the field social worker in a decentralised organisation." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387387.
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Leeworthy, Daryl. "Workers' fields : sport, landscape, and the Labour movement in South Wales, 1858-1958." Thesis, Swansea University, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.678550.
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Blackwelder, Reid B. "Creating Spiritual Support in the Medical Field." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2001. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7002.
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Grobler, A. D. "Occupational exposure of health workers to electromagnetic fields in the magnetic resonance imaging environment." Thesis, Bloemfontein : Central University of Technology, Free State, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/49.
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Kennedy, Lynne A. H. "Development of the lay food and health worker role in England : experiences from the field." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428993.
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Disque, J. Graham, and Brent Morrow. "Gus Napier: Reflections on the Field of Family Therapy." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2002. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2798.
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Krause, Jennifer M., and Kason M. O'Neil. "Implementing Synchronous Video-based Field Experience Supervision: Steps for Success." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4026.
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