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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Fields of Research – 270000 Biological Sciences'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Delmiglio, Catia. "The incidence and phylogenetic analysis of viruses infecting New Zealand's native grasses." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/3364.

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Grasses form the basis for the meat, dairy, wool and deer industries, which contribute to nearly 50% of New Zealand exports, and are also an important component of natural ecosystems. Worldwide >100 plant viruses infect grass species and even mild and symptomless infections can adversely effect plant populations through reduced reproductive rates and greater susceptibility to environmental extremes. The only previously published study on viruses in New Zealand’s natural grasslands found that cereal viruses have invaded the native grass flora of the South Island. This research provided an exten

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2

Franicevic, Simon Carl. "Biological control of Botrytis cinerea and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on kiwifruit." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/1971.

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Botrytis cinerea and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum are the two most serious pathogens on kiwifruit in New Zealand. Because of the pesticide regulations in some of the countries to which New Zealand exports fruit, total protection from Botrytis stem end rot with current dicarboximide fungicides is not possible. The aim of this thesis was to investigate biological control measures for Botrytis stem end rot and Sclerotinia diseases of kiwifruit. More than 1000 microorganisms, isolated from the leaves and flowers of kiwifruit during spring and autumn, and selected from BCAs reported to be effective aga

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3

Kay, Stuart James. "The biological control of sapstain of Pinus radiata with microorganisms." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2474.

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A total of six hundred and sixteen fungal and two hundred and thirty two bacterial isolates were obtained either from the sapwood of Pinus radiata or from other sources, including UV mutagenesis. All isolates were screened on Pinus radiata wood chips for their survival and colonisation attributes. Of these isolates, two hundred and eighty two failed to grow or caused permanent deep seated discolourations or decay and were eliminated from the study. The remaining five hundred and sixty six isolates were assessed for their antagonistic ability against sapstain. In a dual screen on Pinus radiata

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4

Waghorn, Tania Susanne. "Molecular and Ecological Aspects of Heliothis Armigera." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/522.

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The species status and host range of Heliothis armigera was investigated. DNA profiling, mitochondrial DNA sequencing, RAPD's, along with traditional morphological and crossing methods were used to investigate micro, macro and mega-population structuring. Thirty-six new host records were added, of which a number are important common weeds and crops. Mortality due to parasitoids and fungal infections were quantified on many host species. Genetic analysis of the COII and the AT-rich regions of the mitochondrial DNA showed very high levels of variation, as did the DNA profiling using the probes (

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5

Haw, James. "Effects of Argentine Ant (Linepithema Humile) on Arthropod Fauna in New Zealand Native Forest." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/625.

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Although Argentine ant(Linepithema humile), a highly invasive ant species, has been in New Zealand for at least l4 years, little is known about their ecology and potential for invasion. Increasing spread and establishment of populations throughout New Zealand is disturbing because of the devastating impacts documented on native invertebrate biodiversity overseas. The primary aim of this study was to determine the impacts of Argentine ants on arthropods in native forest habitats in west Auckland. Pitfall traps at invaded and uninvaded sites were used to quantify ant and non-ant arthropod faunas

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6

Beck, Nancy Gunther. "Lepidopterous pests on vegetable brassicas in Pukekohe, New Zealand: their seasonality, parasitism, and management." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/1982.

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The vegetable brassicas of cabbage, broccoli, and cauliflower are grown in Pukekohe for the Auckland fresh-produce markets. These brassicas are attacked by three major lepidopterous pests: diamondback moth (DBM) (Plutella xylostella (L)) (Yponomeutidae), white butterfly (WB) (Pieris rapae (L.)) (Pieridae), and soybean looper (SBL) (Thysanoplusia orichalcea (F.)) (Noctuidae). Current grower strategy to combat these pests is calendar-scheduled insecticide applications. The goal of this thesis is to develop pest management alternatives. The seasonality of these three pests is discussed. DBM and W

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7

Ochieng'-Odero, James Patrick. "Aspects of the life cycle, biological performance and quality of the black lyre leafroller 'Cnephasia' jactatana (Walker)." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2480.

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The thesis answers the general question of whether the quality of artificially reared insect species should be based on performance tests for intended use or whether quality should be based on a more holistic biological approach. The empirical research is carried out using the lepidopteran leafroller 'Cnephasia' jactatana (Walker). The thesis defines biological performance and quality in terms of the success of an insect population in survival and reproduction and regards the laboratory environment as an artificial habitat that insects must colonise in order to survive and reproduce. Changes i

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8

Paulin, M. G. (Michael Geoffrey). "A mathematical and comparative study on cerebellar control of vestibular reflexes." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2041.

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The first aim of this thesis is an introduction to some basic aspects of multivariate control theory which are relevant to the question of how the brain controls movements. A regulator is a device which forces a system to follow a specified trajectory in the presence of perturbations which might cause it to diverge from that trajectory. Regulation involves constructing an additional control input which depends upon the difference between the actual system state and the desired state. This requires the construction of a state estimate from raw data about system input and output. For effective s

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9

Whittaker, David J. "Ethylene Biosynthetic Genes in Actinidia Chinensis." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2169.

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Actinidia chinensis, a diploid relative of kiwifruit, has valuable fruit characteristics, and varieties with superior flavour and marketable size have recently been selected in a classical breeding programme. However, the marketability of the fruit of A. chinensis and many other species of Actinidia is limited by poor fruit storage properties. Pioneering work in tomato has demonstrated that fruit ripening and senescence can be very effectively delayed by down-regulating genes required for biosynthesis of the phytohormone ethylene. The goal of this work was to isolate genes for ethylene biosynt

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10

Millar, Craig D. (Craig Donald). "A molecular and evolutionary study of skua breeding systems." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2269.

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The skua (Family Stercorariidae) are a group of large, gull-like, predatory seabirds. Two skua species are found in the Antarctic region; the south polar skua (Catharacta maccormicki) and the brown skua (C. lonnbergi). The breeding distribution of the former, is restricted to the Antarctic continent and nearby islands, while the latter has a circumpolar distribution which extends northward from the Antarctic Peninsula and includes many of the Southern Ocean islands. The south polar skua is strictly monogamous, while in contrast, a number of populations of brown skua are comprised in part of co

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11

MacDiarmid, Robin M. "Tamarillo mosaic potyvirus: characterization and resistance." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2320.

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The export of tamarillo is an important component of the New Zealand, exotic fruit industry. However, the quality of tamarillo fruit is severely decreased by tamarillo mosaic potyvirus (TaMV) which detrimentally affects fruit colour resulting in the fruit being unacceptable on the international marketplace. Virus incidence was surveyed in four tamarillo growing regions. Viruses were detected by indicator plant symptomology, and the incidence confirmed by dot blot analysis or ELISA. TaMV was present in 100% of tamarillo trees analyzed in ten of the twelve orchards surveyed. Incidence of potato

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12

Stevens, Peter M. (Peter Michael). "Host races and cryptic species in marine symbionts." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2321.

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The Pinnotheridae is a family of decapod crustaceans comprising more than 120 mostly microphagous and commensal species. As symbionts of a variety of aquatic invertebrates, pinnotherids typically live in an intimate association with their host depending on it for an almost lifelong source of nourishment and shelter, together with a site for mating. The New Zealand pinnotherid fauna was thought to comprise only one species, Pinnotheres novaezelandiae Filhol, associated with a multitude of hosts. Recently, however, a separate species, P. atrinicola Page, has been described which is regarded as b

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13

Stevens, Michelle Lisa Glogau. "Aspects of photoadaptation in the intertidal red alga Gracilaria chilensis." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2322.

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The intertidal red alga, Gracilaria chilensis Bird, McLachlan et Oliveira (Rhodophyta, Gracilariales), lives in an environment in which light is highly variable in terms of both amplitude and duration. A laboratory investigation of the photophysiology of G. chilensis was conducted to assess the response of the photosynthetic apparatus to light variability characteristic of the natural environment. Freshly collected Gracilaria chilensis was found to exhibit an endogenous rhythm of photosynthesis in conditions of constant limiting light and temperature. However, such a phenomenon was not observe

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14

Palmer, Jonathan Gray. "A dendroclimatic study of Phyllocladus trichomanoides D. Don (tanekaha)." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2473.

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This thesis demonstrates some of the potential of Phyllocladus trichomanoides D. Don (tanekaha) for dendrochronological research, especially dendroclimatology. The type of vegetation associated with sites producing a chronology showed no obvious pattern. The resulting non-specific range of suitable sites for dendrochronological sampling was thought to be a favorable species characteristic. Standardization of tree-ring series using a 50-year Gaussian filter resulted in 28% improvement of retained common variance above that obtained from using conventional polynomial filters. The problem of auto

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15

Sorrell, Brian. "Gas transport and storage processes in the lacunar system of Egeria densa Planch." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2475.

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Aquatic macrophytes possess an internal lacunar system of proliferated intercellular airspaces. Lacunar gas exchange processes were investigated in Egeria densa Planch., a submerged freshwater angiosperm. Investigations of oxygen exchange between Egeria shoot segments and the water revealed that up to 17% of the photosynthetically-produced oxygen is retained within the lacunae. A consequence of this partitioning, which results from the relatively low solubility of oxygen in water, is the development of internal lacunar pressures up to 20 kPa above atmospheric pressure. This storage of oxygen i

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16

Francis, Malcolm 1954. "Population dynamics of juvenile snapper (Pagrus auratus) in the Hauraki Gulf." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/1976.

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The population dynamics of juvenile snapper, Pagrus auratus, were investigated in the Hauraki Gulf, north-eastern New Zealand, between 1982 and 1990. Attention focused on age and growth, temporal and spatial variation in abundance, and recruitment. Daily increment formation was validated in the sagittae of snapper up to about 160 days old. Increment width varied with time of year, and snapper age, and increments were not resolvable with a light microscope during winter. Increment counts inside a prominent metamorphic mark showed that larval duration was 18-32 days, and was inversely related to

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17

Page, Roderic D. M. (Roderic Dugald Morton). "Panbiogeography: a cladistic approach." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/1999.

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This thesis develops a quantitative cladistic approach to panbiogeography. Algorithms for constructing and comparing area cladograms are developed and implemented in a computer program. Examples of the use of this software are described. The principle results of this thesis are: (1) The description of algorithms for implementing Nelson and Platnick's (1981) methods for constructing area cladograms. These algorithms have been incorporated into a computer program. (2) Zandee and Roos' (1987) methods based on "component-compatibility" are shown to be flawed. (3) Recent criticisms of Nelson and Pl

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18

Pankhurst, Patricia Melva. "Growth, development and visual ontogeny of two temperate reef teleosts Pagrus auratus, (Sparidae) and Forsterygion varium, (Tripterygiidae)." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2000.

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Growth, development and behaviour were examined in artificially reared larval Pagrus auratus and Forsterygion varium, from the time of hatching. Yolk-sac larval P.auratus hatched at a small size (2.00mm SL), without functional eyes, mouth or digestive tract, and for three days spent long periods at rest. Growth was initially rapid but slowed by 3 days as yolk reserves neared depletion. By days 4-5, the mouth had opened, eyes were functional, yolk was depleted, and a rudimentary gut had formed. Larvae were now able to maintain a horizontal swimming mode and were actively searching for and attac

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19

Lee, Shao Chin. "Isolation and characterisation of two amylin responsive proteins from rat skeletal muscle." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/1901.

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Two amylin responsive proteins, here designated ARP1 and ARP2, were discovered from rat skeletal muscle through two dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis. ARP1 was detected only in amylin-stimulated muscles where the insulin-stimulated glucose incorporation into glycogen was inhibited. This protein incorporated 32Pi but not [35S]-methionine in the metabolic labeling experiments. Subsequent molecular characterisation revealed that ARP1 was a novel monomeric form (designated form 1) of protein p20, and two other monomeric forms (designated forms 2 and 3 respectively) of protein p20 were also

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20

Rho, Jung-hyun. "A novel mucin-desulfating sulfate-6-N-acetylglucosaminidase (sulfoglycosidase) from the anaerobic colonic bacterium Prevotella strain RS2." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2275.

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Sulfate removal from sulfomucin is believed to be a rate-limiting step in sulfomucin degradation by bacteria from the digestive tract. A novel sulfomucin-desulfating enzyme has been discovered in the anaerobic bacterium, Prevotella strain RS2, which can grow on colonic mucin as its sole energy source. The enzyme, located in the periplasm, was assayed by measuring p-nitrophenol removal from the model substrate sulfate-6-N-acetylglucosamine-1-p-nitrophenol, sulfate-6-N-acetylglucosamine being the other product. This activity differs from that of sulfatases which remove the sulfate ester group fr

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21

Albertson, Gregory David. "PulA, a thermostable pullulanase from an extreme thermophile Caldocellum saccharolyticum." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2436.

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The pullulanase gene from Caldocellum saccharolyticum, an obligate thermophilic anaerobe, was sequenced and expressed in E. coli. Expression and substrate induction studies in E. coli showed that while gene expression was substrate inducible and the enzyme was exported into the growth medium in C. saccharolyticum, expression was non-inducible in E. coli and the enzyme remained in the cytoplasm. The nucleotide sequence of the pulA gene was shown to be 2478 basepairs (bp) in length, coding for a protein of 96 kDa. The proposed promoter sequences showed homology to both the standard E. coli seque

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22

Campbell, Dana L. M. "Species recognition in zebra finches: testing the effects of sex, sensory modalities, and social ontogeny." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/4442.

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Species recognition is an integral component of mate selection and must occur in all sexually reproducing organisms to avoid costly hybridisation. Species recognition abilities may be comprised of both innate components and experience during ontogeny through the learning of visual, acoustic, and other sensory species-specific cues. But how greatly is the ability to recognise one‟s own species (conspecifics) over others (heterospecifics) dependent on the phylogeographic relationship of the array of potential species as social partners and to what extent is the discriminatory behaviour modulated

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23

Brown, Samuel David James. "Molecular systematics and colour variation of Carpophilus species (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) of the South Pacific." Diss., Lincoln University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1430.

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The sap beetle genus Carpophilus Stephens (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) is a large genus consisting of over 200 species and are found worldwide. Several species are important pests of crops and stored products, and are frequently intercepted as part of biosecurity operations. The genus is poorly known taxonomically, and there are several species groups that are challenging to identify by morphological methods. In particular, two species found across the Pacific, C. maculatus Murray and C. oculatus Murray are frequently confused with each other. These two species are similar in size and colour, but

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24

Zhang, Liangtao. "Identification of Hordeum vulgare-H bulbosum recombinants using cytological and molecular methods." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2355.

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Barley (Hordeum vulgare L. subsp. vulgare) is an important crop and ranks fourth in overall production of the major cereal crops in the world. Like other cereal crops, barley suffers from a narrowing of its genetic base and susceptibility to diseases, pests and environmental stresses. H. bulbosum is a possible source of desirable genes for introgressing into barley to restore genetic diversity and improve current cultivars. Sexual hybridisation between barley and H. bulbosum is the main method for interspecific gene transfer in barley breeding but there are several barriers to overcome. Two of

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25

Eaton, Carla Jane. "Investigation of signalling involved in maintaining the mutually beneficial association between Epichloe festucae and perennial ryegrass : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Genetics at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand." Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1179.

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Content removed from thesis due to copyright restrictions: Eaton, C. J., I. Jourdain, et al. (2008). "Functional analysis of a fungal endophyte stress-activated MAP kinase." Current Genetics 53(3): 163-174. Scott, B. and C. J. Eaton (2008). "Role of reactive oxygen species in fungal cellular differentiations." Current Opinion in Microbiology 11(6): 488-493.<br>In the mutually beneficial association between the fungal endophyte Epichloë festucae and perennial ryegrass, fungal growth is highly regulated and coordinated with that of the host. This implies there must be signalling between the fung

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26

Yee, Thomas William. "The Analysis of binary data in quantitative plant ecology." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/1973.

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The analysis of presence/absence data of plant species by regression analysis is the subject of this thesis. A nonparametric approach is emphasized, and methods which take into account correlations between species are also considered. In particular, generalized additive models (GAMs) are used, and these are applied to species’ responses to greenhouse scenarios and to examine multispecies interactions. Parametric models are used to estimate optimal conditions for the presence of species and to test several niche theory hypotheses. An extension of GAMs called vector GAMs is proposed, and they pr

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27

Snowden, Kimberley Cathryn. "The molecular response of wheat roots to aluminium stress." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/1967.

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Aluminium (Al) toxicity to plants is a significant problem, limiting agricultural production in up to 40% of the world's arable soils. In spite of a large amount of research, there is still no consensus on the physiological mechanisms of Al toxicity in plants. In addition, very little is known about the molecular response of plants to Al stress. This body of research was aimed at identifying the changes in gene expression that occurred in the root tips of plants that had been stressed with Al. A cDNA library made from the root tips of Al-treated wheat (Triticum aestivum L., cultivar Warigal) p

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28

Henry, Stephen Michael. "Further insight into the Lewis histo-blood-group system as revealed from study of Polynesian and Caucasian plasma and erythrocyte glycosphingolipids." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/1975.

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This project involved the study of Lewis and related blood group glycosphingolipid isolated from individuals with normal and aberrant Lewis/secretor phenotypes. The objective was to find a biochemical basis for the unusual expression of Lewis and secretor phenotypes in Polynesians and to use this information to shed light on the "normal" expression of Lewis antigens. By using purified glycolipids, presenting them in the cell free environment of thin layer chromatography to Lewis antibodies and by determining structures by mass spectrometry it has been shown that: l. The Lec epitope is a termin

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29

Hieber, A. David (Andrew David) 1966. "Characterisation of glycoprotein II from bovine adrenal medulla." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/1988.

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Glycoprotein II (GpII) is a glycoprotein isolated from the membranes of chromaffin granules in the adrenal medulla. The chromaffin granules of the adrenal medulla are responsible for the biosynthesis, storage and secretion of catecholamines, neuropeptides and various proteins. The abundance of chromaffin granules makes them an excellent model to further study the organelles specialized in the synthesis and secretion of hormones and neurotransmitters, from both endocrine and synaptic vesicles. When viewed by two-dimensional electrophoresis GpII is a heterogeneoug glycoprotein (80000-100000 dalt

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30

Hiyama, Jun. "Isolation and characterisation of N-glycans of ovine and human luteinizing hormones." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/1989.

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Gonadotrophic hormones are heterodimeric glycoproteins and their N-glycans attached to specific amino acid residues are currently thought to play important roles in hormonal biosynthesis, secretion and function. The studies reported in this thesis aimed at isolation and characterisation of structural properties of the N-glycans on ovine and human luteinizing hormones. Initially, chromatographic methods were developed using reverse-phase HPLC for the analytical separation of the three human pituitary glycoprotein hormones and their subunits. Separation of intact oLH and its subunits was also ef

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31

Podivinsky, Ellen. "Molecular studies on actinidin, a cysteine protease from kiwifruit." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2001.

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Research in this thesis describes the characterisation of mRNA sequences coding for actinidin, a cysteine protease found in abundance in the fruit of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa). The first step in the characterisation required the isolation of mRNA from ripe kiwifruit tissue. The suitability of a number of RNA extraction procedures was investigated. The method finally adopted differed from that used for unripe fruit tissue, and was chosen as a result of the nature of the polysaccharide that contaminated nucleic acids prepared from extracts of kiwifruit fruit tissue. RNA extracted from ripe

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32

Spiers, Andrew J. (Andrew Julian). "Molecular and genetic analysis of RepA from the P307 RepFIB replicon." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2044.

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The work in this Thesis concerns the replication control system of the P307 plasmid RepFIB replicon. The basic replicon occupies ≈ 1.6kb of DNA and contains a single large open reading frame (repA) flanked on either side by a series DNA repeat elements. The organisational structure of fie replicon has placed RepFIB into the Step function class of replicons. The placement of RepFIB within this group, as well as a strong homology between RepFIB and mini-P1, has resulted in a series of predictions concerning the control elements of RepFIB replication. The aim of this work was to test some of thes

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Daja, Mirella Maria. "Enzyme activities associated with gonadotropic hormones." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2311.

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A structural relationship between gonadotropic hormones and certain types of enzymes has been suggested in previous studies and an investigation into the possibility of enzymatic activity associated with the gonadotropic hormones has been the primary focus of the research presented in this thesis. Partial sequence homology between human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and α-chymotrypsin prompted the recent proposal of a tertiary structure of hCG using α-chymotrypsin as a folding template, which suggested the possibility of intrinsic peptidase activity associated with hCG. Highly purified hCG (CR1

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Janssen, Bart-Jan. "Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer into kiwifruit." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2313.

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A system has been developed to aid in the establishment of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation for new plant species. A series of binary vectors have been constructed that express a chimaeric β-D-glucuronidase (GUS) gene in plants cells but not in bacterial cells. This feature allows GUS activity from transformed plant cells to be assayed in the presence of Agrobacterium. Preliminary experiments examined the expression of these chimaeric GUS genes in transformed petunia leaf discs. GUS expression was detectable 2 days after inoculation, peaked at 3 – 4 days and then declined; if selection wa

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35

Merriman-Smith, B. Rachelle. "Glucose Transporters in Diabetic Complications of the Lens." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2338.

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Lens transparency is primarily maintained by the anaerobic metabolism of glucose. Glucose is transported from the aqueous humuor to the lens epithelial cells however, it has not yet been established how glucose penetrates to the inner part of the lens. The core of the lens is acidic, approximately pH 6.5, as an effect of the accumulation of lactate, the end-product of glycolysis. This confirms that glucose is drawn deep into the core of the lens. Until recently it was assumed that glucose was transported to the core via a gap junction-mediated route by cell-cell diffusion. However, passive dif

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36

Simpson, Robert Malcolm. "The biosynthesis and control of indoleacetic acid." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2344.

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Attempts were made to form indoleacetic acid in cellfree extracts of mung bean (Vigna radiata) shoots. The extracts were incubated with radiolabelled tryptophan and other substrates and cofactors thought to be involved in indoleacetic acid biosynthesis. After incubation indolepyruvate and indoleacetic acid were separated and quantified by HPLC. There was no significant difference in the conversion of tryptophan to indolepyruvate and indoleacetic acid between the incubations and control incubations using boiled extract. The concentrations of indolepyruvate and indoleacetic acid in mung bean hyp

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Taylor, Jacqueline Ann, and Jackie (name change) O'Flaherty. "Factors affecting the metabolic control of cytosolic and lysosomal glycogen levels in the liver." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2380.

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Although glycogen is a chemically homogeneous material it is polydisperse, exhibiting a broad molecular weight spectrum and a metabolic lability that is molecular weight dependent. The lower molecular weight (β-particle) glycogen was found to be extremely labile, while the higher molecular weight (α-particle) exhibited a far lower metabolic activity, indicating that it may act as a glycogen store for mobilisation in stress situations. These observations, coupled to the existence of Pompe’s Disease, a glycogen storage disease involving the lysosomal system, supports the hypothesis that α - and

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38

Powell, Kevin F. H. (Kevin Frederick Herbert). "Gene sequencing and in vitro synthesis of the rotavirus non-structural glycoprotein." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2385.

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1. Recombinant DNA techniques have been applied to the dsRNA genome of the bovine rotavirus Nebraska Calf Scours Diarrhoea virus (NCDV). The sequence of a full - length cloned copy of genomic segment 10 of NCDV has been determined using the Sanger dideoxynucleoside sequencing technique by subcloning cDNA into M13 vectors. 2. Genomic segment 10 codes for the non-structural protein NCVP5, a protein which appears to be involved in virus maturation (Estes et al., 1983). Determination of the nucleic acid sequence of the gene has enabled the amino acid sequence o f the bovine NCVPS protein to be inf

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Beuning, Lesley L. "Cytokinins and the division or expansion of plant cells." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2406.

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The effect of cytokinins was studied in three systems: the alga Chlorella, callus cultures and etiolated cucumber cotyledons. In Chlorella cultures: 1) A range of concentrations of 6BA and IP had no effect on growth; 2) Low concentrations of an anticytokinin had no effect on growth, whereas higher concentrations appeared to be inhibitory. 3) Characterisation of the Chlorella species suggested that it was surrounded by an impermeable sporopollenin layer which hindered the uptake of cytokinin. 4) The uptake of radioactive adenine occurred readily, whereas the uptake of radioactive 6BA was very s

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Kennedy, Martin A. "Transcriptional promoters in a replication region of F plasmid." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2482.

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This thesis describes aspects of genetic regulation within and near a replication origin (ori-1) of the F plasmid. A number of transcriptional promoters were isolated, precisely mapped, and characterized with respect to their strengths and modes of regulation. The principal techniques employed in these investigations were: "shotgun" molecular cloning of restriction fragments into a galactokinase-based promoter selection vector, assays for galactokinase activities, DNA sequencing and S1 nuclease mapping of transcripts. Major findings from this study can be summarized as follows: 1). Promoters f

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Simpson, Wayne Roydon. "A high frequency change, which is both inducible and reversible, results in altered colony morphology of a fungal symbiont (Neotyphodium lolii) and dwarfing of its grass host (Lolium perenne) : this thesis is presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (MSc) in Microbiology at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand." Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1139.

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Fungal endophytes of the genus Neotyphodium form stable symbiotic associations, with grasses, that are symptomless and generally considered to be mutualistic. The benefits that these fungi confer to their grass hosts are exploited in pastoral agriculture systems. The production of a range of secondary metabolites, specifically alkaloids including peramine and ergovaline can give their host plants an ecological advantage in certain environments. Neotyphodium endophytes are asexual and have lost the ability to transfer horizontally between hosts making seed transmission a vital feature of the as

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Pontin, David R. "Factors influencing the occurrence of stinging jellyfish (Physalia spp.) at New Zealand beaches." Lincoln University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1580.

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Individuals of the cnidarian genus Physalia are a common sight at New Zealand beaches and are the primary cause of jellyfish stings to beachgoers each year. The identity of the species and the environmental factors that determine its presence are unknown. Lack of knowledge of many marine species is not unusual, as pelagic invertebrates often lack detailed taxonomic descriptions as well as information about their dispersal mechanisms such that meaningful patterns of distribution and dispersal are almost impossible to determine. Molecular systematics has proven to be a powerful tool for species

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Jankovic, Dragana. "Direct selection and phage display of the Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 secretome : a thesis presented to Massey University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy." Massey University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/869.

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Bacteria communicate with their hosts in part via surface, secreted and transmembrane proteins (collectively the secretome) resulting in probiotic (beneficial) or pathogenic (harmful) outcomes to the host. Therapeutic benefits of probiotic bacteria have been shown previously, but the molecular mechanisms and the health-promoting effector components involved are still being elucidated. Some evidence suggests that probiotic bacteria can competitively adhere to intestinal mucus and displace pathogens. The adherence of probiotic bacteria to human intestinal mucus and cells appears to be mediated,

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Cooney, Terrence Patrick. "Studies on the biosynthesis of indole-3-acetic acid in tomato shoots." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2071.

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The relative contributions of the three main intermediates of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) biosynthesis from L-tryptophan (L-Trp); indole-3-pyruvate (IPyA), tryptamine (TNH2) and indole-3-acetaldoxime (IAOX), were investigated in vivo in tomato shoots. Initially, L-Trp, D-Trp, IPyA, TNH2 and IAA were purified from shoots, identified by full-scan mass spectrometry and their concentrations measured using gas chromatography with an electron capture detector. High specific activity [5-3H]IAOX and [5-3H]IPyA were synthesized from L-[5-3H]Trp and used as internal standards. Purification of endogenous

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Gallie, Jenna. "Evolutionary and molecular origins of a phenotypic switch in Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 : a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Ph.D. in Evolutionary Genetics at Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand." Massey University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1215.

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Survival in the face of unpredictable environments is a challenge faced by all organisms. One solution is the evolution of mechanisms that cause stochastic switching between phenotypic states. Despite the wide range of switching strategies found in nature, their evolutionary origins and adaptive significance remain poorly understood. Recently in the Rainey laboratory, a long-term evolution experiment performed with populations of the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 saw the de novo evolution of a phenotypic switching strategy. This provided an unprecedented opportunity to gain insight i

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Liu, Yunhao. "Structural and biochemical analysis of HutD from Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 : a thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Molecular Biosciences at Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand." Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1074.

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Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 is a gram-negative soil bacterium capable of growing on histidine as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen. Expression of histidine utilization (hut) genes is controlled by the HutC repressor with urocanate, the first intermediate of the histidine degradation pathway, as the direct inducer. Recent genome sequencing of P. fluorescens SBW25 revealed the presence of hutD in the hut locus, which encodes a highly conserved hypothetical protein. Previous genetic analysis showed that hutD is involved in hut regulation, in such a way that it prevents overproduction of th

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Gregory, Samuel James. "Investigation into the relationship between aluminium treatment and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme system in Lolium perenne (L. perenne cv. Nui) : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (with Honours) in Plant Biology at Massey University." Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1216.

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Lolium perenne cv. Nui is a cultivar of ryegrass grown throughout New Zealand in pastures due to favourable traits such as high palatability for livestock and its ability to withstand intensive grazing. However, the productivity of pastures is reduced when levels of aluminium and other metals accumulate in soils to toxic levels, a phenomenon referred to as the ‘acid soil syndrome’. In response to this toxicity, plants activate a series of antioxidant reactions, with one catalysed by the superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymatic system. The enzyme system comprises three isoenzymes, a Cu/ZnSOD, FeSOD

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Campbell, Kirsten L. "A study of home ranges, movements, diet and habitat use of kereru (Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae) in the southeastern sector of Banks Peninsula, New Zealand." Master's thesis, Lincoln University. Bio-Protection and Ecology Division, 2006. http://theses.lincoln.ac.nz/public/adt-NZLIU20080317.131118/.

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The present study is part of the Kaupapa Kereru Programme. The main aim of the programme is to increase the numbers and range of kereru (Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae) on Banks Peninsula. Home ranges, movements, diet and habitat use of 15 kereru captured in Hinewai Reserve, Banks Peninsula, were investigated from February 2005 to February 2006. Hinewai Reserve is the largest tract of regenerating native forest in a highly modified urban-rural landscape. Phenology of 11 plant species predicted to be key kereru foods, was studied to determine the pattern of food availability in Hinewai Reserve. Twel

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Roldan, Marissa B. "Expression of ACC oxidase genes in white clover (Trifolium repens L.) roots in response to phosphate supply : a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Plant Molecular Biology at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand." Massey University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1133.

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The differential expression of members of the Trifolium repens ACC oxidase (TR-ACO) gene family and accumulation of TR-ACO proteins in white clover roots, and the temporal TR-ACO gene expression and TR-ACO protein accumulation in response to phosphate (Pi) stress has been investigated. Four-node stolon cuttings of wild type and transgenic white clover (designated TR-ACOp::GUS and TR-ACO1p::mGFP5-ER) plants were rooted and acclimatised in Hoagland’s solution, and then subjected to either a Pi sufficiency (1 mM Pi) treatment or a Pi depletion (10 µM Pi) treatment over a designated time course. U

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Albert, Nick William. "Two novel MYB transcriptional activators regulate floral and vegetative anthocyanin pigmentation patterns in Petunia : [a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Plant Molecular Biology at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand] EMBARGOED UNTIL 12 MARCH 2012." Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1347.

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Mr Albert investigated the genetic mechanisms controlling complex floral and vegetative pigmentation patterns in Petunia. He discovered two new MYB transcription factors that control the timing and spatial location of anthocyanin pigment production in flowers and leaves, giving rise to specific colour patterns. He showed that complex pigmentation patterns are formed by tightly controlling the expression of genes required to synthesise anthocyanin pigments and involves proteins that both activate genes and repress them from being expressed. The interactions between distinct classes of transcrip

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