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Academic literature on the topic 'Fig tree in literature'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Fig tree in literature"

1

Sen, Nabaneeta Dev, Carolyne Wright, and Sunil B. Ray. "Fig Tree." World Literature Today 68, no. 2 (1994): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40150125.

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Dunn, Derek W. "Stability in fig tree–fig wasp mutualisms: how to be a cooperative fig wasp." Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 130, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blaa027.

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Abstract Fig tree–fig wasp mutualisms are diverse and underpin much biodiversity. The wasps (Agaonidae) are the sole pollinators of the trees (Ficus). Figs are enclosed inflorescences, each of which contains many small flowers. Female wasps (foundresses) enter receptive figs to spread pollen and to lay their eggs individually into fig flowers. As they oviposit, wasps also inject chemicals that transform individual flower ovaries into galls that will feed and house wasp offspring. For fig tree–fig wasp mutualisms to persist, the trees must set seed; therefore, the wasps have both to pollinate and to fail to gall all flower ovaries. However, wasps that avoid pollination costs and/or gall all flowers are predicted to outcompete more cooperative conspecifics, resulting in destabilisation of the mutualism. Here, I review the literature on why wasps pollinate by focusing on how trees reduce investment to unpollinated figs, resulting in ‘sanctions’ to wasps that fail to pollinate via reduced production of offspring. I also review the mechanisms that prevent wasps from galling all flowers, mainly those in monoecious Ficus, that also result in wasps predominantly galling longer flowers whilst leaving shorter flowers to become seeds. I make suggestions for future work and conclude by reaffirming why multiple processes promote stability in fig tree–fig wasp mutualisms.

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Kinman, Brent. "Lucan Eschatology and the Missing Fig Tree." Journal of Biblical Literature 113, no. 4 (1994): 669. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3266713.

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Hutchins, Zach. "The Fig Tree of Epiphanius in Jonson's “To Penshurst”." ANQ: A Quarterly Journal of Short Articles, Notes and Reviews 23, no. 1 (January 29, 2010): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08957690903496135.

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Bauckham, Richard. "The Two Fig Tree Parables in the Apocalypse of Peter." Journal of Biblical Literature 104, no. 2 (June 1985): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3260967.

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Ivanova, Natalya V., Maxim P. Shashkov, and Vladimir N. Shanin. "Obtaining tree stand attributes from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) data: the case of mixed forests." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Biologiya, no. 54 (2021): 158–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/19988591/54/8.

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Nowadays, due to the rapid development of lightweight unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), remote sensing systems of ultra-high resolution have become available to many researchers. Conventional ground-based measurements for assessing tree stand attributes can be expensive, as well as time- and labor-consuming. Here, we assess whether remote sensing measurements with lightweight UAV can be more effective in comparison to ground survey methods in the case of temperate mixed forests. The study was carried out at the Prioksko-Terrasny Biosphere Nature Reserve (Moscow region, Russia). This area belongs to a coniferous-broad-leaved forest zone. Our field works were carried out on the permanent sampling plot of 1 ha (100×100 m) established in 2016. The coordinates of the plot center are N 54.88876°, E 37.56273° in the WGS 84 datum. All trees with DBH (diameter at breast height) of at least 6 cm (779 trees) were mapped and measured during the ground survey in 2016 (See Fig. 1 and Table 1). Mapping was performed with Laser Technology TruPulse 360B angle and a distance meter. First, polar coordinates of each tree trunk were measured, and then, after conversion to the cartesian coordinates, the scheme of the stand was validated onsite. Species and DBH were determined for each tree. For each living tree, we detected a social status class (according to Kraft). Also for living trees, we measured the tree height and the radii of the crown horizontal projection in four cardinal directions. A lightweight UAV Phantom 4 (DJI-Innovations, Shenzhen, China) equipped with an integrated camera of 12Mp sensor was used for aerial photography in this study. Technical parameters of the camera are available in Table 2. The aerial photography was conducted on October 12, 2017, from an altitude of 68 m. The commonly used mosaic flight mode was used with 90% overlapping both for side and front directions. We applied Agisoft Metashape software for orthophoto mosaic image and dense point cloud building. The canopy height model (CHM) was generated with lidR package in R. We used lasground() function and cloth simulation filter for classification of ground points. To create a normalized dataset with the ground at 0, we used spatial interpolation algorithm tin based on a Delaunay triangulation, which performs a linear interpolation within each triangle, implemented in the lasnormilise() function. CHM was generated according to the pit-free algorithm based on the computation of a set of classical triangulations at different heights. The location and height of individual trees were automatically detected by the function FindTreesCHM() from the package rLIDAR in R. The algorithm implemented in this function is local maximum with fixed window size. Accuracy assessment of automatically detected trees (in QGIS software) was performed through visual interpretation of orthophoto mosaic and comparison with ground survey data. The number of correctly detected trees, omitted by the algorithm and not existing but detected trees were counted. As a result of aerial photography, 501 images were obtained. During these data processing with the Metashape, dense point cloud of 163.7 points / m2 was generated. CHM with 0.5 m resolution was calculated. According to the individual-tree detection algorithm, 241 trees were found automatically (See Fig. 2A). The total accuracy of individual tree detection was 73.9%. Coniferous trees (Pinus sylvestris and Picea abies) were successfully detected (86.0% and 100%, respectively), while results for birch (Betula spp.) required additional treatment. The algorithm correctly detected only 58.2% of birch trees due to false-positive trees (See Fig. 2B and Table 3). These results confirm the published literature data obtained for managed tree stands. Tree heights retrieved from the UAV were well-matched to ground-based method results. The mean tree heights retrieved from the UAV and ground surveys were 25.0±4.8 m (min 8.2 m, max 32.9 m) and 25.3±5.2 m (min 5.9 m, max 34.0 m), respectively (no significant difference, p-value=0.049). Linear regression confirmed a strong relationship between the estimated and measured heights (y=k*x, R2 =0.99, k=0.98) (See Fig. 3A). Slightly larger differences in heights estimated by the two methods were found for birch and pine; for spruce, the differences were smaller (See Fig. 3B and Table 4). We believe that ground measurements of birch and pine height are less accurate than for spruce due to different crown shapes of these trees. So, our results suggested that UAV data can be used for tree stand attributes estimation, but automatically obtained data require validation.

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Shoulson, Jeffrey S. "The Embrace of the Fig Tree: Sexuality and Creativity in Midrash and in Milton." ELH 67, no. 4 (2000): 873–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/elh.2000.0038.

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Stojanović, Dejan, Dušanka Jerinić-Prodanović, Tatjana Kereši, Draga Graora, and Miroslav Marković. "Choreutis nemorana (Hübner, 1799) (Lepidoptera: Choreutidae) in Serbia." Topola, no. 206 (2020): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/topola2006029s.

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Choreutis nemorana (Hübner, 1799), the fig-tree skeletonizer moth, is a widespread species in the Mediterranean region, which has rapidly expanded its distribution area northwards and eastwards during the last 15 years. This paper reports the localities in Serbia where the C. nemorana was recorded during 2019-2020, literature data and own observations on its developmental stages, morphological characteristics, biology and symptoms of damage in the figs.

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Souza, Jackson Mirellys Azevêdo, Sarita Leonel, Marcelo De Souza Silva, Marcelo De Almeida Oliveira Júnior, Rafaelly Calsavara Martins, Ana Carolina Batista Bolfarini, and Elma Machado Ataíde. "Carbohydrate content and season collection of cuttings from ‘Roxo de Valinhos’ fig tree." Comunicata Scientiae 10, no. 1 (April 17, 2019): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/cs.v10i1.2902.

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Choosing the best season collection of cuttings is essential to have success with propagation, due mainly to carbohydrate content, since is a source of energy for roots and shoots development. In literature, there are no papers that associate the collection season of cuttings with carbohydrate contents in figs. Therefore, the current study aimed to evaluate carbohydrate contents and season collection of cuttings to propagate ‘Roxo de Valinhos’ fig tree. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse; cuttings were collected in the first week of the following months: June, July, August and September. The design was in completely randomized blocks, with four replicates of 30 cuttings collected per season. The following traits were evaluated: carbohydrate content; percentage of root cuttings, bud cuttings, cuttings without bud and root; number of buds, leaves and roots per cutting; length of the largest root and bud; bud diameter; bud and root dry mass; and root volume. Results indicated high carbohydrate content in cuttings that were collected in August; therefore, the best month to collect cuttings of ‘Roxo de Valinhos’ fig tree in the city of São Manuel, state of São Paulo. This result is due to high percentage of rooted cuttings and better development. Furthermore, carbohydrate content mainly affects root growth; besides that, reducing sugars are the most important feature in the development of cuttings.

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Silman, Miles R., and Carolyn Krisel. "Getting to the root of tree neighbourhoods: hectare-scale root zones of a neotropical fig." Journal of Tropical Ecology 22, no. 6 (October 20, 2006): 727–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467406003658.

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Sessile organisms interact locally on the scale of their body sizes, and one of the great advances in population and community ecology is the use of individual-based models to examine species interactions (Biondini 2001, Bolker & Pacala 1999, Pacala & Deutschman 1995, Pacala & Silander 1985, 1987; Silander & Pacala 1985). Canopies are often taken as a proxy for body size in the plant literature, even though roots can make up substantial amounts of a plant's biomass, have productivity that equals or exceeds the above-ground parts, and are critical in both competition and mutualisms involving nutrient capture and water balance (Biondini 2001, Casper & Jackson 1997, Casper et al. 2003, Rajaniemi & Reynolds 2004, Robinson 2004). Root zones, however, are seldom incorporated in plant ecological studies because they are exceptionally difficult to measure, and the importance of intra- and interspecific root interactions is little known (Schenk & Jackson 2002).

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fig tree in literature"

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MacDougall, Daniel W. "The fig and fig tree imagery in the Gospel of Matthew." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1988. http://www.tren.com.

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Wang, Rong. "The fig wasps associated with Ficus microcarpa, an invasive fig tree." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/6918/.

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Fig trees and their pollinating fig wasps represent one of the most species-specific mutualistic systems with a long history of co-evolution. Besides the pollinators, figs are also exploited by numerous non-pollinating fig wasps (NPFW). A few fig trees have become established outside their native ranges, and Ficus microcarpa, a monoecious fig tree, has become widely invasive, due to the widespread introduction of its specific pollinator, Eupristina verticillata. In this thesis, a global study was carried out to unravel the distribution and community structure of fig wasps associated with F. microcarpa. The work also examined which NPFW are potential bio-control agents and whether the plant is invasive due to reduced seed and pollinator predation in its introduced range (the 'enemy release' hypothesis). At least 43 fig wasp species utilize F. microcarpa figs with more than 20 species present in the plant's introduced range. In newly established NPFW populations, a lack of male fig wasps at low population densities can cause Allee-like effects for fig wasps, but inter-specific facilitation is able to mitigate them. Generally, parasitoids were far less diverse than phytophages in the tree's introduced range with significant latitudinal effects on species richness. We unraveled the food web of fig wasps where sycoryctines (Pteromalidae) were parasitoids of agaonids, and eurytomids were parasitoids of epichrysomallines. A large galler species, Meselatus bicolor, is independent of the pollinator and can suppress both male and female reproductive successes of figs via competition for nutrients and preventing pollinators from entering figs. It may be an ideal bio-control agent. Enemy release in the introduced range failed to increase the plant's seed production but benefited the pollinator, and the greater survival of pollinator larvae in more peripheral galls emphasises the role of parasitoids in maintaining the fig-pollinator mutualism in monoecious figs.

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Gerber, Hein Jaco. "Tree training and managing complexity and yield in fig (Ficus carica L.)." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/3184.

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Thesis (MscAgric (Horticulture))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Commercial fig production with popular European cultivars, Bourjasotte Noire, Col de Damme Noire and Noire de Caromb, is new to the Western Cape. Little research on fig production has been conducted in South Africa and producers are struggling to implement effective commercial practices. In order to establish practices that will maximise yield of quality fruit, the most productive one-year-old shoot lengths were identified in a phenological study. All shoot length categories evaluated in ‘Bourjasotte Noire’ (10 – 15 cm, 25 – 40 cm, 50 – 65 cm, 75+ cm) yielded fruit and will probably yield well the following season. In ‘Col de Damme Noire’, shoots longer than 60 cm seem to be suited to reproduction, yet they might produce a poor yield the following season. Shoots 10 – 20 cm long in ‘Noire de Caromb’ are productive relative to their length, while shoots 30 – 50 cm and 60 – 80 cm long are also fairly productive. Shoots longer than 100 cm produced suitable shoot lengths for yield the following season. Two experiments were conducted on ‘Bourjasotte Noire’ and ‘Col de Damme Noire’ to establish the type (Experiment 1, different intensity heading cuts) and timing (Experiment 2) of pruning cuts required to stimulate the growth of shoots of the same length as the shoots selected to be optimal for yield in the phenology study, and to reduce the expression of distal branching. In ‘Bourjasotte Noire’, removing one third of the total length of one-year-old shoots on 21 July by heading stimulated the development of more growth and longer current season shoots compared to other treatments, while reducing yield slightly. Heading back to three nodes in ‘Col de Damme Noire’ stimulated the growth of current season shoots of the optimal length established in the phenology study, while heading cuts on 30 June produced the longest average current season shoot length in ‘Col de Damme Noire’. To further address the effects of distal branching (acrotony), an experiment was conducted to establish whether rest breaking agents (RBA’s) in combination with tip-pruning can increase tree complexity by improving bud break, and whether increased complexity would increase yield in all three cultivars. A second experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of timing RBA applications on bud break and harvest scheduling. Lift® increased the number of buds breaking in ‘Bourjasotte Noire’, while in ‘Noire de Caromb’ Dormex® and oil increased bud break. Tip-pruning increased the average shoot length in ‘Bourjasotte Noire’ and ‘Col de Damme Noire’, while causing a reduction in the amount of new growth in ‘Noire de Caromb’. Lift® applied 3 August and Dormex® applied 30 June shortened the number of days to 50% bud break in ‘Bourjasotte Noire’ and ‘Col de Damme Noire’. Both Lift® and Dormex® applied on 30 June decreased the number of days to 50% bud break and 50% harvest of the breba crop in ‘Noire de Caromb’. These treatments increased the number of fruit in both the breba and main crop of ‘Noire de Caromb’, but reduced fruit size. In conclusion, different approaches with regards to pruning needs to be followed for each cultivar to establish or maintain the optimal shoots for reproduction, while RBA’s can be used to force earlier, increased- bud break and harvest of breba fruit.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Kommersiele verbouing van drie Europese vykultivars, Bourjasotte Noire, Col de Damme Noire en Noire de Caromb is nuut tot die Wes-Kaap. Baie min navorsing oor die verbouing van vye is al in Suid-Afrika gedoen, met die gevolg dat produsente sukkel om effektiewe kommersiële verbouingspraktyke te implementeer. ‘n Fenologiese studie van die drie kultivars is uitgevoer om vas te stel wat die mees produktiewe een-jaar-oue lootlengte is, met die doel om die opbrengs van kwaliteit vrugte te maksimeer. Al vier kategorieë wat ge-evalueer is in ‘Bourjasotte Noire’ (10 – 15 cm, 25 – 40 cm, 50 – 65 cm, 75+ cm) is gevind om geskik te wees vir huidige en volgende seisoen opbrengs. Lote langer as 60 cm is geskik vir opbrengs in ‘Col de Damme Noire’ in die huidige seisoen, maar mag in die volgende seisoen swak presteer a.g.v. die gebrekkige lengte van nuwe lote wat daarop ontwikkel. In ‘Noire de Caromb’ is gevind dat lote 10 – 20 cm lank baie produktief is relatief tot hul lengte en dat lote 20 – 50 cm en 60 – 80 cm lank ook relatief produktief is. Lote langer as 100 cm was minder produktief, maar het nuwe lote gelewer wat geskik is vir opbrengs die volgende seisoen. Twee snoei eskperimente is uitgevoer op ‘Bourjasotte Noire’ en ‘Col de Damme Noire’ om vas te stel wat die mees geskikte tipe snoeisnit (Eksperiment 1, verskillende dieptes van topsnitte) en tydstip om te snoei (Eksperiment 2) is met die doel om lote te produseer soortgelyk in lengte aan die wat in die fenologie studie uitgewys is as die produktiefste, en om moontlik die voorkoms van “kaalnekke” te verminder. In ‘Bourjasotte Noire’ is gevind dat die wegsnoei van ‘n derde van die loot op 21 Julie aanleiding gee tot meer groei, langer een-jaar-oue lote en ‘n effense afname in opbrengs. Geskikte lote langer as 60 cm kan in ‘Col de Damme Noire’ verkry word deur lote te top sodat net drie nodes oorbly. Die uitvoer van topsnitte op 30 Junie het langer gemiddelde lootlengtes tot gevolg gehad. Om die probleem van “kaalnekke” (apikale dominansie) verder aan te spreek, is ‘n eksperiment uitgevoer om vas te stel of rusbreekmiddels gekombineerd met tip-snoei gebruik kan word om kompleksiteit te vermeerder deur knopbreek te verhoog, en indien wel, of dit sal aanleiding gee tot verhoogde opbrengs in al drie kultivars. ‘n Tweede eksperiment met verskillende toedieningstye van rusbreekmiddels is uitgevoer om vas te stel of oeste geskeduleer kan word. Lift® het knopbreek verhoog in ‘Bourjasotte Noire’, terwyl Dormex® en olie knopbreek verhoog het in ‘Noire de Caromb’. Tip-snoei het die gemiddelde lootlengtes verhoog in ‘Bourjasotte Noire’ en ‘Col de Damme Noire’, terwyl dit groei verminder het in ‘Noire de Caromb’. Lift® toediening op 3 Augustus en Dormex® toediening op 30 Junie het die aanvang van 50% knopbreek vervroeg in ‘Boujasotte Noire’ en ‘Col de Damme Noire’. Beide Lift® en Dormex® toediening op 30 Junie het die bereiking van 50% knopbreek- en 50% oes vervroeg in ‘Noire de Caromb’. Hierdie behandeling het ook die aantal vrugte van die breba- en hoofoes vermeerder, maar vruggrootte verminder. Verskillende snoeibenaderings behoort dus gevolg te word om vir elke kultivar die regte lootlengtes te genereer of te onderhou, terwyl rusbreekmiddels gebruik kan word om knopbreek te vervroeg en verhoog, en om die breba oes te vervroeg.

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Gates, Daniel J. "Mutualism effects of within and among-tree flowering in a desert fig Ficus petiolaris." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1473207.

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Pogson, Aimee L. "Tree Frog Madness." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1245380440.

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Hao, Guangyou. "Water Relations and Carbon Economy of Hemiepiphytic and Non-hemiepiphytic Ficus Tree Species in Southwest China." Scholarly Repository, 2010. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/385.

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Hemiepiphytes are important components of tropical forests and are attractive to scientists due to their unique epiphytic growth habit during some period of their life cycle. Unique characteristics in plant water relations and carbon economy have been found in hemiepiphytic plants; however, to further understand this group of species on an evolutionary basis it is necessary to carry out comparative studies between hemiepiphytes and their close relatives. In this dissertation I conduced a comparative study in a suite of functional traits related to plant water relations and photosynthesis between hemiepiphytic and non-hemiepiphytic tree species from a single genus-Ficus. Great differentiation in functional traits has been found between species of the two growth forms both during juvenile and adult stages. Seedlings of hemiepiphytic Ficus species (H) had significantly lower xylem hydraulic conductivity, stomatal conductance, net light saturated CO2 assimilation, and higher water use efficiency than congeneric non-hemiepiphytic species (NH), which are adaptive to a drought-prone epiphytic growth conditions under natural conditions. The conservative water use adaptation in H species is likely crucial to the drought tolerance and survival in the forest canopy but is related to much lower growth rates than NH species. Species of the two growth forms both showed relatively large plasticity in responding to variation in light level as in typical light-demanding species. Surprisingly, the NH species showed characteristics related to higher light demand than H species, which is opposite from the prediction that H species are more light-demanding than NH species. Thus, although commonly accepted, it is likely that light was not the selective pressure for the evolution of hemiepiphytism in Ficus. Using adult trees grown in a common garden, I found that H species showed characteristics of more conservative water use even after they established connections to the soil. Moreover, H species showed significantly different traits in photochemistry compared to NH species due to hydraulic-photosynthetic coordination. The evolution of an epiphytic growth habit during the juvenile stage of a life cycle in the hemiepiphytic Ficus species thus involved changes in a suite of functional traits that persist during their terrestrial growth stages.

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Newton, Michael. "The tree in Scottish Gaelic literature and tradition." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/22519.

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The tree is one of the most enduring symbols of Gaelic literature and tradition, displaying a remarkable continuity from the earliest Old Irish sources up to the literature of Modern Scottish Gaelic. Although the many manifestations of the symbol of the tree in Gaelic literature - the axis mundi, the Otherworld tree, the warrior-king as tree, the forest harvest, and so on - can be ultimately traced to the universal archetype of the Tree of Life, these many forms are moulded and expressed according to the unique experiences, traditions and physical environment of Scottish Gaelic society. The literary expression of the symbol of the tree is particularly influenced by the conventions of the 'Gaelic Panegyric Code'. This thesis is a survey of the appearances and functions of the symbol of the tree in Scottish Gaelic literature and tradition and an overview of the development of this symbol in its many contexts, literary and folkloric.

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Dunkle, Iris Jamahl. "Shaking the Burning Birch Tree: Amy Lowell’s Sapphic Modernism." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1259612760.

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Renner, Jasmine R. "You Must Climb the Tree If You Want to Eat The Fruits." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. http://amzn.com/1500426091.

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"You Must Climb The Tree If You Want to Eat The Fruits" will teach your child or children the invaluable lesson of hard work and persistence. It teaches children about the invaluable lesson of hard work and persistence in order to partake of good things. In this story, Roland sets out to climb an age old tree called "Vine Grove." Vine Grove was full of juicy, tempting and ripe fruits. Day after day, Roland sat under the tree and dreamt about eating the fruits. He thought it was impossible to climb the tree because it was a very big tree. Twice he attempted to climb the tree but he fell down and could not reach the fruits. Roland became desperate to eat of its fruits. Finally one day, Roland embarks on this life changing journey of climbing the tree and eating the fruits on the tree.
https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/1079/thumbnail.jpg

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Middaugh, Karen Lee. "“The golden tree”: The court masques of Queen Anna of Denmark." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1061385436.

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Books on the topic "Fig tree in literature"

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Unterm Feigenbaum: Rekonstruktionen zu einem jüdisch-christlichen Thema. Würzburg: Ergon-Verlag, 2011.

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Figeroa, Joanna. Fig tree quilts. Woodinville, WA: Martingale & Company, 2007.

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Araya, Genet. The fig tree. [Addis Ababa, Ethiopia]: Ethiopian Books for Children and Educational Foundation (EBCEF), 2007.

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The fig tree. Melbourne: Text Pub., 2002.

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Caruso, Donna. The fig tree. Toronto: Hag Papers, 1991.

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Glover, Vivian. The first fig tree. London: Methuen, 1987.

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The first fig tree. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1988.

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ill, Canyon Christopher, ed. The tree in the ancient forest. Nevada City, CA: DAWN Publications, 1995.

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Mathis, Sharon Bell. Listen for the fig tree. New York, N.Y., U.S.A: Puffin Books, 1990.

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Fig tree quilts: Fresh vintage sewing. Woodinville, WA: Martingale & Company, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fig tree in literature"

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Heubeck, Christoph. "Fig Tree Group." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 1–2. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_5279-1.

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Heubeck, Christoph. "Fig Tree Group." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 851–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44185-5_5279.

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Oria, Beatriz. "Facing the fig tree." In Imagining “We” in the Age of “I”, 77–92. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003039365-5.

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Crisostol, Carlos H., Margarita Lopez Corrales, Giancarlo Colelli, and Manuel Joaquin Serradilla. "Fresh fig." In Manual on postharvest handling of Mediterranean tree fruits and nuts, 26–52. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789247176.0026.

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Pasqual, M., and E. A. Ferreira. "Micropropagation of Fig Tree (Ficus carica sp)." In Protocols for Micropropagation of Woody Trees and Fruits, 409–16. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6352-7_37.

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Dean, Ann. "The River and the Chestnut Tree: When Students Already Know the Answers." In Teaching Literature, 139–48. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230507906_11.

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Stambaugh, Tamra, Eric Fecht, and Emily Mofield. "Everything Interacts: Concept Introduction and The Great Kapok Tree." In Interactions in Ecology and Literature, 19–34. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003235828-4.

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Aberbach, David. "‘Man is the tree of the field’." In The Environment and Literature of Moral Dilemmas, 81–85. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003169734-9.

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Tanay, Dorit. "Between the Fig Tree and the Laurel: Or voit tout en aventure Revisited." In Epitome musical, 161–78. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.em-eb.3.2665.

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Whyte, Pádraic. "‘Firing for the Hearth’: Storytelling, Landscape and Padraic Colum’s The Big Tree of Bunlahy." In Children's Literature Collections, 145–61. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-59757-1_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fig tree in literature"

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Yu, Deqi, Xiaojuan Zhang, Jiandao Yang, Kai Cheng, and Ming Li. "Structural Optimization of Fir-Tree Root and Groove for Turbine Blade With Superellipse and P-Norm Aggregation Function." In ASME Turbo Expo 2019: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2019-92005.

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Abstract Due to its finite size and the large centrifugal load, the fir-tree root is highly stressed, which leads to the possible early failure of the gas turbine and steam turbine. To find an optimized fir-tree root is an important issue for the design of the turbine structures. In this paper, a superellipse-based design optimization approach is proposed for the fir-tree root. Rather than the straight line and arc used in literature, the combination of the superellipse curve and line are employed to characterize the fir-tree root since the superellipse curve represents a large family of curves with limited parameters, which makes the design optimization easy and economic. For the design optimization, the objective function is to minimize the peak stress, which is a typical min-max problem with possible severe iterative oscillation and subsequent convergence difficulty. To avoid this problem, a P-norm aggregation function is proposed. The superellipse parameters are defined as design variables, while the stress concentration factor and the stress at root neck are specified as optimization constraints. With the P-series fir-tree root design as example, it is proved that our approach is effective to find the optimized configuration with better stress distribution and lower stress concentration.

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Lino, Miguel, Vitor Vasconcelos, Erico Leão, André Soares, Carlos Montez, Ricardo Moraes, and Francisco Vasques. "Mecanismo Eficiente para Disseminação do Tráfego de Controle em Redes de Sensores Sem Fio Cluster-Tree baseadas no IEEE 802.15.4." In IX Simpósio Brasileiro de Engenharia de Sistemas Computacionais (SBESC). Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbesc_estendido.2019.8628.

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As normas IEEE 802.15.4 e ZigBee definem a pilha de protocolos amplamente utilizada na operação de Redes de Sensores sem Fio (RSSF). A topologia cluster-tree, suportada por estas normas, oferece recursos como escalabilidade, sendo apontada pela literatura como a mais adequada para a implementação de aplicações de RSSFs em larga escala. Entretanto, essas redes podem sofrer com congestionamentos e atrasos devido aos seus diferentes padrões de tráfego. Por um lado, são usualmente priorizadas as mensagens do tráfego de monitoramento geradas por nós sensores, que seguem em direção ao coordenador da rede (tráfego upstream); por outro, sofrem maiores atrasos as mensagens de controle que seguem o tráfego inverso (tráfego downstream). Este artigo propõe um mecanismo eficiente para a rápida disseminação do tráfego de controle em RSSFs cluster- tree. A ideia principal consiste em combinar um esquema de escalonamento híbrido periódico, com a definição de janelas de oportunidade Top-Down, com um esquema de configuração adequada dos parâmetros CSMA-CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance) para os nós coordenadores, a fim de possibilitar uma rápida disseminação das mensagens de controle, sem gerar impactos relevantes para o típico tráfego de monitoramento. Resultados de simulações mostram que a definição de janelas de oportunidades Top-Down, aliada com uma adequada configuração de valores macMinBE e macMaxBE para nós coordenadores, podem reduzir significativamente os atrasos de comunicação e aumentar a taxa de entrega de mensagens de controle, sem interferir de forma relevante nas métricas do tráfego de monitoramento, mesmo em cenários de grande densidade de nós sensores.

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Botto, D., M. Lavella, and M. M. Gola. "Test Rig for Extraction of the Contact Parameters for Plane on Plane Contact." In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-70950.

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The modelling of the friction interfaces has received much attention in recent years from the aerospace industry. In order to obtain reliable prediction of the nonlinear dynamic behaviour of the disc and blades in the aerospace engine the friction forces at interfaces, such as in under-platform dampers, blade and fir tree roots or shrouds, must be modelled accurately. Two contact parameters, namely the contact stiffness and the coefficient of friction, are sufficient to model, with good accuracy, the friction contact. The contact parameters are obtained experimentally, and are of interest for the designer only if representative of the operational environment of the engine. To pursue this aim a test rig has been designed to perform experiments in a wide range of temperatures, with different combinations of normal and tangential load, frequencies and mating materials, representative of the real operating condition of the engine. Most of the rigs found in literature perform most likely point contact even if the two bodies have plane mating surfaces. The design of a real plane-on-plane contact test rig is not an easy task but despite the difficulty a solution was found in the design shown in this work. The core of the rig is a tilting mechanism enabling one surface to lies down on the other so that the plane-on-plane contact is achieved, at least within the flatness geometrical tolerance of the surfaces. The results of the experiments are the hysteresis loops, namely the tangential contact force against the relative displacement, from which the contact parameters can be calculated. Measurements of displacements are taken very close to the actual contact area and are performed by means of two laser interferometers. Localized heating is achieved by means of an induction heating machine while a thermocouple measures the temperature at points close to the contact area.

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Day, William David. "Developing an Implicit Creep Model From Open Literature Data." In ASME Turbo Expo 2021: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2021-59765.

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Abstract As pressure ratios and firing temperatures continue to rise, creep becomes of greater concern everywhere within a gas turbine engine. As a rule of thumb, just a 14°C increase in metal temperature can halve the expected rupture life of a part. In the past, companies might be satisfied with conservative creep estimates based on Larson-Miller-Parameter curves and 1D calculations. Now companies need functional implicit-creep models with finite element analysis for an ever-increasing number of materials. Obtaining adequate test data to create a good creep prediction model is an expensive and time-consuming proposition. Test costs depend on temperature, material, and location, but a single, 10,000hr, rupture test may reasonably be expected to cost > $20,000. Other than large OEMs, small companies and individuals lack the resources to create creep models from their own data. This paper will lead the reader through the creation of a modified theta projection creep model of Haynes 282, a high-temperature, combustion alloy, using only literature data. First, literature data is collected and reviewed. Data consists of very few complete curves, estimated stresses for rupture and 1% strain, and discrete times to individual strains for individual tests. When adequate data exists, individual tests are fit to theta projection model curves. These “local” theta fits of different test conditions are used as input for the global model. Global fits of theta parameters, as a function of stress and temperature, are made from the full data set. As the global creep model is improved, correction factors introduced to account for true stress and strain effects. A statistical analysis is made of actual rupture time versus predicted onset of failure time, theta5=1. A time-based scatter factor is determined to evaluate temperature margin required to ensure reliability. After the creep model was completed, Haynes International, the material inventor, provided specific test conditions (stress and temperature) of 5 tests that had already been run. Creep predictions were generated for these test conditions, before viewing the actual results. The creep model predicted strain curves matched actual tests very well, both in shape and time to rupture. Continued refinement is possible as more data is acquired.

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Agustina and Muhammad Adek. "As The Tree, So The Fruit: Textual Relations on Democratic Discourses in West Sumatra." In The 3rd International Conference on Language, Literature, and Education (ICLLE 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201109.002.

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Ramachandran, R., and K. Arutchelvan. "Optimized Version of Tree based Support Vector Machine for Named Entity Recognition in Medical Literature." In 2020 3rd International Conference on Intelligent Sustainable Systems (ICISS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciss49785.2020.9316051.

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Bagnoli, Paola, Adriano Zaffora, Bruno Cozzi, Roberto Fumero, and Maria Laura Costantino. "Experimental and Computational Biomechanical Characterization of the Dolphin Tracheo-Bronchial Tree During Diving." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19078.

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Marine mammals belonging to the Order of CetoArtiodactyla have developed their organs and adapted their anatomic structures to survive and better exploit the resources of the surrounding water environment. Though belonging to the Mammal Class and, hence, having a cardio-respiratory system based on the gas exchange with the atmosphere, they are able to perform long-lasting immersions and reach considerable depths during diving [1]. On the other hand, the anatomy of the tracheo-bronchial structures of the Family Delfinidae differs from that of terrestrial mammals in the lack of muscular tissue in the posterior region and the irregular shape of the cartilaginous rings (Fig.1a-b-c) [1, 2]. So far, the behavior of dolphin respiratory system during diving is not yet fully understood, since they cannot be subjected to invasive analysis being endangered and protected species. Namely, it remains to ascertain whether the tracheo-bronchial tree collapses during diving or is kept open by the peculiar material properties, the anatomical structure and the presence of entrapped air. Aim of this work is to model the dolphin Tursiops truncatus’s tracheo-bronchial tree to study its behavior during diving by coupling experimental in vitro mechanical characterization of airways tissues to finite element computational analyses. Furthermore, we performed a comparison between the mechanical behavior of tracheo-bronchial trees of dolphins and that of the goat, a terrestrial mammal whose conformation of the upper airways is similar to the human, to highlight discrepancies due to the different habitats.

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Zhu, Yun, and Yaohong Jin. "A method of recognizing the root of an improved dependency tree for the Chinese patent literature." In 2012 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Cloud Computing and Intelligence Systems (CCIS). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccis.2012.6664638.

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Stoll, Emily J., and Donald R. Lowe. "CHARACTERIZATION OF BANDED FERRUGINOUS CHERT AND BANDED IRON FORMATION AND THEIR PROCESSES OF SEDIMENTATION IN THE FIG TREE GROUP, BARBERTON GREENSTONE BELT, SOUTH AFRICA." In GSA Annual Meeting in Phoenix, Arizona, USA - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019am-340421.

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van den Broek, Chantal N., Arjen van der Horst, Marcel C. N. Rutten, and Frans N. van de Vosse. "Mechanical Properties of the Porcine Coronary Artery." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-206237.

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Knowledge of the mechanical properties of arteries is important to understand vascular function during disease and the effect of interventions, such as PTCA treatment. A mechanical model of the vascular tree would facilitate the improvement of (balloon-)catheters and stents. The aim of this research is to propose general parameter values for the fiber-reinforced material model as proposed by Driessen et al. (2005) that can describe the arterial wall behavior of the porcine left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD, fig. 1a) at physiological axial stretch.

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