Academic literature on the topic 'Figurative speech'
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Journal articles on the topic "Figurative speech"
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Rodriguez, Tori. "Figurative Speech Sways Decisions." Scientific American Mind 24, no. 5 (October 17, 2013): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamericanmind1113-17a.
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Sihaloho, Sundari Mayang Albarusyi, and Ervina CM Simatupang. "Figurative Language of Cinema World in Joko Widodo Speech." English Journal Literacy Utama 4, no. 1 (March 30, 2020): 158–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.33197/ejlutama.vol4.iss1.2020.386.
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This research titled Figurative Language in Joko Widodo Speech. The purpose of this research is to analyze and describe the figure of speech in Joko Widodo speech, the types of figurative language and its meaning of his speech. A qualitative method was used to classify and analyze the data. The technique used in collecting the data was searching videos of Joko Widodo speech. The data used Perrine (1963) and Taylors theories (1981: 167) that many types of figurative language that divide into three classifications namely comparison and substitution, representation by substitution, and contrast by the discrepancy. The data was taken from Joko Widodo Speech in Annual Meeting International Monetary Fund-World Bank in Bali, World Economic ASEAN Forum in Hanoi and US-ASEAN Forum. The author found 9 figurative languages in Joko Widodo speech in the international event; there were 7 allusions, 1 metaphor, and 1 assonance. The conclusion of this research, the using of figurative language is an alternative to implied the literal meaning which can attract the readers or listeners attention and evoke their imagination.
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Fedorenko, Svitlana, and Marina Polykovski. "Experimental Method For Developing And Correcting Figurative Speech Among Visually Impaired Primary School Age Children." International Journal of Pedagogy, Innovation and New Technologies 7, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.6872.
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The article presents special methodology for developing figurative speech, which has a compensatory value among primary schoolchildren, with reduced vision. The complexity of the figurative speech understanding process and the need for developing it among visually impaired children was specified by the scientists, Litvak (2006), Sineva (2008), Fedorenko (2015). The principles (general didactic, linguo-didactic, and special) and the main tasks for developing and correcting each figurative speech component among younger vision-impaired learners are defined as follows: cognitive (development of the visual-figurative basis of speech); emotional (the development of speech expressiveness and the emotional-sensory sphere) and creative-practical (formation of skills and abilities for using the exponents of imagery in speech proficiently, the development of skills for active work with words). The directions of correctional work for each figurative speech component are described. The results obtained by implementing the experimental method indicated positive dynamism in figurative speech development among younger vision-impaired learners in the experimental classes for all the components established in the experimental study, pointing to the effectiveness of the proposed work method on their formation and correction. It was stated that vision impaired children are able to understand and explain the essence of imagery expression, which is available to pupils of primary school age; expressively read and talk about their feelings and emotions from the read literary text; use the means of imagery in their own speech consciously and appropriately, with special pedagogical guidance.
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Rohaniyah, Jaftiyatur, and Saimatul Fadilah. "The Analysis of Hyperbole and Synecdoche in Jokowi’s Political Speeches On 2014 and 2015 live on Metro TV." Wacana Didaktika 6, no. 01 (June 30, 2018): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.31102/wacanadidaktika.6.01.76-85.
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Speeches became an important media for a president like Joko Widodo (Jokowi) to deliver messages, persuade people, influence audience. The speech making process involved a long discussion between Jokowi and a particular team since they should consider some language aspects such as lexical choices and sentence structure in order to achieve certain goals. With regard to this, languages in speeches became important to be analyzed. There are two objects that will be analyzed. These are: kind of hyperbole and synecdoche expression are used by Jokowi in his two political speeches and How is the utterance of hyperbole and synecdoche expression used in the two of Jokowi’s political speeches. The research data consisted of two selected speeches delivered by Jokowi in APEC CEO summit 2014 forum held in November 10, 2014 and the speech delivered in Asian-African Conference Commemoration (AACC) held from 19-21 April 2015. While the research method was a descriptive qualitative research. The data in this research were speech videos downloaded from www.youtube.com. The videos were then transcribed and analyzed. The main research instrument was the researcher himself supported by the data analysis sheet. The data analysis was performed by categorizing the data based on Figurative language categorization which hyperbole and synecdoche. The finding of this research, the resercher found 18 expression in the two of Jokowi’s speeches (APEC CEO SUMMIT 2014 and Asian-Affrican Conference Commemoration 2015). In 2014 Jokowi use 11 figurative expressions from 5 expression in hyperbole and 6 expressions in synecdoche. In 2015, jokowi less use figurative expression. The language that he used was mostly natural language. The figurative language he used in his political speech at 2015 only found 7 expressions; 3 expression of hyperbole and 4 expression of synecdoche.
Keywords: Hyperbole, Synecdoche, and Political Speech
Abstract: Sebuah Pidato merupakan media yang penting bagi seorang President seperti Joko Widodo dalam menyampaikan pesan, mengajak seseorang dan dapat memberi pengaruh terhadap audien. Sebuah pidato kepresidenan melewati proses yang panjang antara Jokowi dan team tertentu karena harus mempertimbangkan beberapa aspek kebahasaan seperti pemilihan kata secara leksikal dan susunan kalimat agar dapat menyampaikan beberapa tujuan. Sehingga, sehubungan dengan ini, bahasa dalam sebuah pidato menjadi penting untuk dianalisa. Ada dua focus penelitian (1) apa saja ungkapan hyperbola dan synecdoche yang disampaikan Jokowi dalam pidato politiknya? (2) apa makna sesungguhnya dari beberapa ungkapan hiperbola dan synecdoche dalam pidato politik Jokowi?. Dalam hal ini, ada dua pidato terpilih untuk dianalisa yaitu pidato yang disampaikan Jokowi di acara APEC CEO summit 2014 forum dan di Asian-African Conference Commemoration (AACC) 2015. Metode penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah bersumber dari video yang didapat dari www.youtube.com yang kemuadian di transcripkan kedalam bentuk tulisan untuk dianalisa. Instrumen utama penelitian ini adalah peneliti sendiri yang didukung oleh lembaran analisis. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah peneliti menemukan 18 ungkapan dalam 2 pidato Jokowi (APEC CEO SUMMIT 2014 dan Asian-Affrican Conference Commemoration 2015). Pada tahun 2014 Jokowi menggunakan 11 ungkapan figuratif yaitu ada 5 kalimat hiperbola dan 6 ungkapan sinekdos. Pada tahun 2015, Jokowi kurang menggunakan ungkapan figuratif. Bahasa yang digunakan cendrung pada bahasa natural. Di tahun tersebut, ungkapan figuratif hanya ditemukan 7 ungkapan: 3 ungkapan hiperbola dan 4 ungkapan sinecdoc.
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Kharchenko, Nataliia V., and Inna V. Mysan. "Psycholinguistic Study of the Speech of Older Preschool Children: Specific Features of Understanding the Figurative Meaning of Phrases and their Use in Spontaneous Speech." Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University. Series «Pedagogy and Psychology» 7, no. 2 (June 24, 2021): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.52534/msu-pp.7(2).2021.25-37.
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The acquisition of native language phraseology is important for the speech and mental development of preschool children, because with the help of phraseology children can expressively reproduce a variety of social events in speech, impartially characterise people, their actions and deeds. The purpose of the study was to investigate psycholinguistic features of children's development of operations of understanding figurative meaning of phraseological expressions and their verbalisation in speech. To this end, the authors used methods of assessing the understanding of figurative meaning of proverbs and metaphors, direct interpretation of a word, choosing one variant of meaning from several paraphrases, interviewing children, recording their statements on a voice recorder, and talking to children. The analysis of children's speech was carried out according to the criteria and corresponding indicators: semantic (lexical, metaphorical, conceptual), pragmatic (active use of phrases, correct reproduction, appropriateness of actualisation), expressive-stylistic (evaluative, emotional, figurative speech). Four levels of children's operations of understanding figurative meaning of phraseological expressions and their use in speech were identified: high, sufficient, average, low, each of which correlated with certain psychological and psycholinguistic characteristics. It was found that children acquire phraseology spontaneously, under the influence of the speech of others, and selectively. It has been revealed that preschool children understand the meaning of phraseological units better than they use them in oral speech; the use of phraseological units in spontaneous speech is a more complex speech operation for children than the operation of decoding the figurative meaning of a phraseological unit. However, both the operations of understanding the figurative meaning of phraseological units and the operations of verbalising phraseological units in spontaneous speech require further development. The practical value of the research lies in the development of a diagnostic technique for studying the operations of understanding figurative meaning of phraseological expressions and their use in spontaneous speech in the zone of a child's speech activity and thinking development
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Mialon, Hugo M., and Sue H. Mialon. "Go Figure: The Strategy of Nonliteral Speech." American Economic Journal: Microeconomics 5, no. 2 (May 1, 2013): 186–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mic.5.2.186.
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We develop a model of figurative or indirect speech, which may convey a meaning that differs from its literal meaning. The model yields analytical conditions for speech to be figurative in equilibrium and delivers a number of comparative statics results. For instance, it predicts that the likelihood of figurative speech is greater if the benefit to the listener of correctly understanding the speaker is greater. We then apply the model to analyze particular forms of indirect speech, including terseness, irony, and veiled bribery. Interestingly, the model provides a novel argument for the effectiveness of laws that strictly punish attempted bribery. (JEL D83, K42, Z13)
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SAYAMA, Kohichi. "A CLASSIFICATION OF IMPRESSIONS FOR FIGURATIVE SPEECH." Japanese Journal of Educational Psychology 40, no. 2 (1992): 204–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5926/jjep1953.40.2_204.
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Lepore, Ernie, and Matthew Stone. "Philosophical Investigations into Figurative Speech Metaphor and Irony." ProtoSociology 31 (2014): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/protosociology2014318.
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Roberts, Richard M., and Roger J. Kreuz. "Why Do People Use Figurative Language?" Psychological Science 5, no. 3 (May 1994): 159–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1994.tb00653.x.
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In this article, we examine the discourse goals that are accomplished by the use of eight forms of figurative language: hyperbole, idiom, indirect request, irony, understatement, metaphor, rhetorical question, and simile. Subjects were asked to provide reasons why they would use a particular figure of speech. Based on their responses, a discourse goal taxonomy that includes each of the eight figures was developed. The goal taxonomy indicates that each figure of speech is used to accomplish a unique constellation of communicative goals. The degree of goal overlap between the eight forms was also calculated, and the results provide support for theoretical claims about the relatedness of certain figures. Taken together, the goal taxonomy and overlap scores broaden our understanding of functional and theoretical differences between the various kinds of figurative language.
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Sharmini, A., Muhammad Bazli Mahmood, Khairul Hisham Jamalludin, Ahmad Hifzurrahaman Ridzuan, Mohamad Zaki Abdul Halim, and Siti Nurul Jannah Fital. "Figurative Language in Malay to English Translation: An Analysis of the 2015 UniMAP VC's Keynote Speech." MATEC Web of Conferences 150 (2018): 05028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815005028.
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Translating figurative language involves more than just replacing the figurative language with its equivalent in the target language. Therefore, it is not surprising for the translation of figurative language to have its own set of challenges. Problems the translator faces in translating the Malay Figurative Language into English include complexities in understanding, interpreting and recreating the Figurative language that are unique in the Source Language (SL) culture; which have to be explained and described in Target Language (TL) where such practices and customs are non - existent. Secondly, the Source Text (ST) figurative language may appear in a variety of types and have a distinct denotative and connotative meaning and reference; most often, it is difficult to find an equivalent which totally matches the original meaning or concept. This particular paper analyses the translation of figurative language extracted from UniMAP's Vice Chancellor Keynote Speech in 2015. Findings reveal that the three categories of figurative language identified were namely idioms, metaphors and similes. Translation strategies used are either not translated, paraphrased or translated with a similar meaning but in different form.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Figurative speech"
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Shutova, Ekaterina. "Computational approaches to figurative language." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609681.
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Vega, Moreno Rosa Elena. "Creativity and convention : the pragmatics of everyday figurative speech." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2005. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1446788/.
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The aim of this thesis is to provide a unified account of the comprehension of novel and conventional figurative uses of language in everyday conversation. The first two chapters present a view of human cognition as having evolved towards increasing efficiency, characterised by the selection and processing of just those sources of information which are likely to yield cognitive benefits and incur limited costs in processing effort. Pursuing the pragmatic framework of Relevance Theory developed by Dan Sperber and Deirdre Wilson, I take this view of cognition to set the grounds for a relevance-driven, inferential approach to human communication. The rest of the thesis focuses on the role that selective accessing and inference play in the comprehension of a range of everyday figurative uses varying in their degree of familiarity or conventionality. After reviewing existing cognitive approaches to metaphor in chapter three, I provide my own relevance-theoretic analysis in the next chapter. I argue that metaphor interpretation involves processing assumptions selected from the encyclopaedic entry of the concept encoded by the metaphor vehicle and the inferential construction of a new (broader) concept. In chapter five, I analyse the claim that the meaning of idioms is not completely arbitrary but partly related to the meaning of their parts. In chapter six, I provide an account of the interpretation of idioms (and idiom variants) which captures this relation. In these chapters, it is argued that the selective processing resulting from relevance-driven comprehension often leads to the construction of new concepts for novel metaphorical uses and the development of pragmatic routines for processing familiar figurative uses.
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Morden, Lizl. "Winged words : a descriptive and quantitative study of figurative speech in the subtitles of 7de Laan." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86394.
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Thesis (MPhil)-- Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study investigates subtitling in 7de Laan, comparing episodes from 2007 to episodes from 2010 with a focus on figurative language. It is a quantitative, descriptive study and aims to determine the overall adequacy or acceptability of the subtitles, the translation strategies used, how figurative language and language varieties are translated and compares findings from 2007 to those of 2010 to establish whether there has been a change in approach over this period. The source text, 7de Laan, is discussed in Chapter 1, which also outlines how the study will proceed, the research problem and the research questions. Chapters 2 and 3 are the literature review of the relevant theories. Chapter 2 covers Descriptive Translation Studies and the translation of figurative language. The challenges particular to subtitling, specifically the constraints of the medium, are discussed in Chapter 3. The following two chapters are the analysis and each begins with the methodology used for that analysis. Chapter 4 is a macrolevel analysis of the corpus and determines the acceptability/adequacy of the subtitles, their governing translation norms and analyses the translation strategies used. More specific questions are answered in Chapter 5, which analyses the translation of figurative language, the representation of language varieties in the subtitles and the influence catering for a hearing-impaired audience has on translation decisions. The findings indicate that the subtitles of 7de Laan are mostly acceptable and that acceptability increases in 2010. The translation strategies used and their frequency of usage are similar over the years. However, there are slight changes: in 2010 there is less literal translation, more omission and fewer figurative-specific translation strategies are used. The findings further show that there is less figurative language in the subtitles in 2010. Additionally, there is a tendency of levelling out figurative language in both years which increases in 2010. The analysis of language varieties indicates that for sociolects, age markers influence the subtitles more than race markers do. Idiolects are rendered but how much of an idiolect is rendered depends on its markers. The analysis also finds that subtitling for hearing-impaired audiences is a significant factor in the translation process over and above the spatiotemporal constraint of subtitling.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek die onderskrifte van 7de Laan. Dit vergelyk episodes van 2007 met episodes van 2010 en fokus op figuurlike taalgebruik. Die ondersoek is kwantitatief en beskrywend en wil die algehele geskiktheid (adequacy) of aanvaarbaarheid (acceptability) van die onderskrifte vasstel, asook die vertaalstrategieë wat gebruik is en die wyse waarop figuurlike taal en taalvariëteite vertaal word. Die bevindinge van 2007 word vergelyk met dié van 2010 om vas te stel of die vertaalbenadering in die tydperk verander het. Die bronteks, 7de Laan, word in hoofstuk 1 bespreek, wat ‘n oorsig gee oor hoe die studie verloop, die navorsingsprobleem en die navorsingsvrae. Hoofstuk 2 en 3 is die literatuurstudie van die relevante teorieë. Hoofstuk 2 dek beskrywende vertaalstudies (Descriptive Translation Studies) en die vertaling van figuurlike taal. Die probleem eie aan onderskrifte, veral die beperkings in die vertaalproses, word in hoofstuk 3 bespreek. Die volgende twee hoofstukke bestaan uit die ontleding en elke hoofstuk begin met die metodologie wat gebruik is vir daardie ontleding. Hoofstuk 4 is ‘n makrovlakontleding van die korpus en bepaal die geskiktheid/ aanvaarbaarheid van die onderskrifte, oorheersende norme en ontleed die vertaalstrategieë wat gebruik is. Meer spesifieke vrae word in hoofstuk 5 beantwoord, wat betref die vertaling van figuurlike taal, die oordra van taalvariëteite in die onderskrifte en die invloed van die inagneming van gehoorgestremde kykers op vertaalbesluite. Die bevindinge dui aan dat die onderskrifte van 7de Laan meestal aanvaarbaar is en dat aanvaarbaarheid in 2010 toegeneem het. Die vertaalstrategieë en die frekwensie van die gebruik daarvan het oor die jare nie veel verander nie. Daar is egter klein veranderings: in 2010 is daar minder letterlike vertalings, meer weglatings en minder vertaalstrategieë wat spesifiek op figuurlike taalgebruik gemik is. Die bevindings dui ook aan dat daar minder figuurlike taal in die 2010-onderskrifte is. Die ontleding van taalvariëteite toon dat, ten opsigte van sosiolekte, ouderdommerkers ‘n groter invloed op onderskrifte het as rasmerkers. Idiolekte word wel verteenwoordig, maar die mate daarvan word deur die idiolek se merkers bepaal. Die ontleding dui ook aan dat onderskrifte wat gerig is op gehoorgestremde kykers, ‘n groot faktor in die vertaalproses is, benewens die tydruimtelike beperking van onderskrifte as sodanig.
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Shen, Li. "Third foot or fifth wheel a comparison of figurative language in Chinese and English persuasive essays written by Mandarin-speaking advanced EFL students /." access full-text online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium, 1996. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?9701510.
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Svarvell, Teresa. "On the run : Cultural aspects, figurative language and runners’ jargon in the translation of training guides." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-43982.
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This study investigates translation choices and challenges in the translation of two training guides focused on running. It tests the validity of Reiss’s text-type theory in the translation of cultural aspects. Furthermore, the study discusses to what extent equivalence can be reached when translating an aesthetic language and finally, it comments on some characteristics of typical runners’ language. The results show that Reiss’s text type theory is not sufficient to guide the translation of cultural differences in the SL and TL but an analysis on phrasal and lexical level is also needed, where Koller’s equivalence relations and Newmark’s communicative translation are applicable. The results also show that figurative language is indeed possible to translate in these kinds of texts, where among others compensation proves a useful strategy. Equivalence on all levels of the text, however, is not always possible to reach. Finally, the findings of a special runners’ language were rather limited, although some examples indicating a presence of a runners’ jargon were found.
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Winberg, Christine. "The comprehension of figurative language in English literary texts by students for whom English is not a mother tongue." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002649.
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This study applies Sperber and Wilson's relevance theory to the comprehension of figurative language in poetry. Students' understanding of metaphor as a linguistic category and comprehension of metaphorical texts are analysed in terms of the principle of relevance. Patterns of comprehension in English first language (Ll) and English second language (ESL) students' analyses of metaphorical texts are discussed and through an analysis of similarities and differences in these patterns of comprehension an attempt is made to develop a pedagogy around relevance theory. Relevance theory's particular emphasis on the role played by "context" in cognition is seen to have significance for the teaching of literature in South African universities. Relevance theory's account of cognition generates a range of educational principles which could be specifically applied to the teaching of metaphor. An appraisal of the strengths and difficulties students experience in expressing their understanding of metaphor in an academic context is included. This was done to further develop relevance theory into a pedagogical approach which takes into account the academic context in which writing occurs. The investigation of the particular difficulties that English metaphor poses for ESL students entailed acquiring a working knowledge of the ways in which metaphor is taught and assessed in DET schools. The interpretations of students of different linguistic, social and educational backgrounds reveal unifying elements that could be incorporated into a pedagogy based on relevance theory. Such a pedagogy would be appropriate to the multilingual/multicultural/multiracial nature of classes in South African universities and would be a more empowering approach to the teaching of English metaphor.
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Van, der Merwe Kristin Catherine. "The comprehension of figurative language by Afrikaans-speaking children with and without specific language impairment and by child second language speakers of Afrikaans." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/21912.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2008.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Children experiencing language disorders have often been noted to have difficulty in comprehending figurative language, to a greater or lesser degree. The present study examined and compared the comprehension of figurative language, namely idioms and similes, in three groups of boys between the ages of 8 and 10. These three groups included (i) typically developing Afrikaans first language speakers, (ii) typically developing Afrikaans second language speakers (L2) and (iii) Afrikaans first language speakers with specific language impairment (SLI). A total of 18 participants were studied. The participants were interviewed individually and tests were conducted verbally. 25 idioms and 25 similes obtained from Die Afrikaanse Semantiese Taalevaluering (AST) were used. No contexts were provided for the idioms initially, but if the participant produced an incorrect or literal answer for the idiom, the idiom was placed in context. The use of context proved to be beneficial to all groups. Similes were read to the participant, who had to provide the final word as a response. The similes proved easier for all groups to comprehend, possibly due to their greater explicitness. The data were analysed statistically, but due to the small sample size, the participants were also examined individually as case studies, which provided further insight into the results obtained and revealed the non-homogeneity within the SLI group. The performance of the SLI group proved to be slightly inferior to that of the other two groups, but no statistically significant differences were found among the three groups. The L2 participants were asked to translate the idioms and similes into English. It was found that the Afrikaans idioms and similes were seldom likened to their English equivalents. Idioms which were semantically and syntactically similar or identical to the Afrikaans sentences often incited literal interpretations. Incorrect phonological transfers also appeared to create confusion and to obscure meaning. The L2 speakers’ difficulties possibly arose from (i) a lack of familiarity with figurative language, (ii) an inability to grasp figurative language, and/or (iii) a lack of proficiency in Afrikaans. Pedagogical implications and recommendations are discussed, and comments are made regarding future research on this topic.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Kinders met taalversteurings blyk dikwels ook tot 'n minder of meerdere mate probleme te hê met die begrip van figuurlike taal. Hierdie studie ondersoek en vergelyk die begrip van figuurlike taal, naamlik idiome en vergelykings, in drie groepe seuns tussen die ouderdomme van 8 en 10 jaar. Hierdie drie groepe sluit in (i) tipies-ontwikkelende Afrikaans eerstetaalsprekers, (ii) tipies ontwikkelende Afrikaans tweedetaalsprekers, en (iii) Afrikaans eertetaalsprekers met spesifieke taalgestremdheid (STG). 'n Totaal van 18 deelnemers is bestudeer. Onderhoude is individueel met elke deelnemer gevoer en toetse is verbaal uitgevoer. 25 idiome van Die Afrikaanse Semantiese Taalevaluering (AST) is gebruik. Aanvanklik is geen konteks gegee nie, maar indien die deelnemer 'n verkeerde of letterlike antwoord vir 'n idioom gegee het, is die idioom in konteks geplaas. Die gebruik van konteks het in alle groepe 'n positiewe effek gehad. Vergelykings is aan deelnemers gelees, waar hulle as respons die laaste woord moes verskaf. Die vergelykings was vir alle groepe makliker vir begrip, moontlik weens hulle hoër vlak van eksplisiteit. Die data is statisties geanaliseer, maar weens die klein aantal deelnemers is elkeen ook individiueel as 'n gevallestudie ondersoek, wat verdere insigte in die resultate gelewer het, en die nie-homogeniteit van die STG groep aangedui het. Die prestasie van die deelnemers met STG was effens onder dié van die ander twee groepe, maar geen statisties-beduidende verskille is onder die drie groepe gevind nie. Die tweedetaal-deelnemers is gevra om die idiome en vergelykings in Engels te vertaal. Daar is gevind dat die Afrikaanse idiome en vergelykings selde aan hulle Engelse ekwivalente gekoppel is. Letterlike interpretasies is dikwels gegee vir idiome wat sintakties en semanties eenders is as die Afrikaanse sin. Verkeerde fonologiese oordragte het ook verwarring veroorsaak en betekenis verduister. Die probleme van die tweedetaal-deelnemers is moontlik as gevolg van (i) onvoldoende vertroudheid met figuurlike taal, (ii) onvermoë om figuurlike taal te interpreteer, en/of (iii) onvoldoende vaardigheid in Afrikaans. Pedagogiese implikasies en aanbevelings word bespreek, en kommentaar word gelewer oor verdere ondersoek op hierdie gebied.
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Jiad, Abdul-Hadi Hussein. "The employment of figurative language in Arabic political speeches and its transformation into English." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.434596.
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Maire, Aurélie. ""Dessiner, c'est parler". Pratiques figuratives, représentations symboliques et enjeux socio-culturels des arts graphiques inuit au Nunavut (Arctique canadien)." Thesis, Paris, INALCO, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014INAL0031/document.
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Cette recherche doctorale examine les pratiques figuratives, les représentations symboliques et les enjeux socio-culturels des arts graphiques inuit dans les communautés de Kinngait (Cape Dorset) et de Pangniqtuuq (Pangnirtung) au Nunavut (Arctique canadien). Les notions de dessin (titiqtugaq-) et de parole (uqaq-) se placent au centre de la démarche qui est guidée par une approche interdisciplinaire, dans la perspective d’une ethnohistoire de l’art du dessin inuit. Trois parties structurent la démonstration. La première explore les configurations de la pensée inuit associées aux concepts d’art graphique, de représentation visuelle et de créateur, à partir de leur expression linguistique (chapitre II). Puis, une ethnographie de la scène artistique locale présente le dessin et les activités socio-économiques qui lui sont associées autour de la question du statut de l’artiste (chapitres III et IV). La deuxième partie envisage la figuration en rapport à la parole, à partir de la cosmogénèse et des techniques graphiques anciennes (chapitre V). Elle s’intéresse ensuite aux interactions entre le dessin et la parole sur un plan symbolique : dans le dessin, les pensées et les mots sont mis en actes (chapitres VI et VII). La dernière partie de la thèse définit l’art comme un élément de la dynamique socio-culturelle et politique des Nunavummiut. Le recours au dessin dans le cadre de projets communautaires est étudié à partir d’exemples récents (chapitre VIII), avant d’être replacé au centre des dynamiques relationnelles et des échanges socio-cosmiques dans une dimension ontologique (chapitre IX)This doctoral research examines the themes of figurative practices, symbolic representations and the socio-cultural stakes specific to Inuit graphic arts in the communities of Kinngait (Cape Dorset) and Pangniqtuuq (Pangnirtung) in Nunavut (the Canadian Arctic). The notions of drawing (titiqtugaq-) and of speech (uqaq-) are central to the thesis, which is guided by an interdisciplinary approach within the perspective of ethno-history of Inuit sketch art. The thesis is organized into three parts. The first explores the configuration of Inuit thought associated with the concepts of graphic art, visual representation and creation, through their linguistic expression (Chapter II). In addition, ethnography of the local art scene looks at drawing and the socio-economic activities that are associated with it, in connection with the status of the artist (Chapters III and IV). The second part looks at figuration in relation to power words, from cosmogenesis and ancient graphic techniques (Chapter V). With this in hand, the second part then looks at the interactions between drawing and speaking from a symbolic perspective: through drawings, the thoughts and words are put into action (Chapters VI and VII). The last part of the dissertation continues the analysis by defining art as part of the socio-cultural and political dynamics of the Nunavummiut. Recourse to drawing, as a community project, is studied with reference to recent examples (Chapter VIII), prior to being placed, within an ontological dimension, at the centre of relational and socio-cosmic exchange dynamics (Chapter IX)
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Moreira, Thami Amarilis Straiotto. "Sexualidade nos trópicos e a construção da identidade feminina em duas narrativas sobre o Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8139/tde-25082016-132325/.
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Neste trabalho, foram analisadas duas obras que tratam sobre o Brasil e que são bastante conhecidas nacional e internacionalmente. O intuito foi apreender a formação das imagens femininas para saber se a sensualidade é um traço produzido por esses textos e se ele se torna relevante na construção da identidade das mulheres brasileiras, uma vez que aparece em descrições de estrangeiros sobre as mulheres brasileiras (SILVA; BLANCHETTE, 2005; PISCITELLI, 2005; PISCITELLI et al., 2007) e, igualmente, nas propagandas e mídias do Brasil (PISCITELLI, 1996; PACHECO, 2004; GABRIELLI, 2011). Fundamentada na semiótica francesa, a análise observou textos produzidos em momentos diferentes para possibilitar a percepção de semelhanças e continuidades ou de diferenças e rupturas entre as duas obras no imaginário sobre a mulher brasileira. A primeira narrativa investigada é a Carta do Descobrimento do Brasil, escrita por Pero Vaz de Caminha, no ano de 1500, e a segunda é Casa-Grande e Senzala, de Gilberto Freyre, publicada em 1933. Para analisar a contrução textual-discursiva da identidade feminina, o nível discursivo do Percurso Gerativo do Sentido se destacou, sendo observados os percursos figurativos e temáticos, as isotopias deles decorrentes, bem como as projeções da enunciação de cada texto. Ressalta-se que as manipulações, a sanção, as paixões, o ser e o fazer dos sujeitos contribuíram para a construção da identidade feminina. Os resultados da análise demonstram um direcionamento do olhar sobre as mulheres, que recai na sensualidade e na sexualidade. Em outras palavras, mesmo com uma extensão maior, tanto em Casa-Grande e Senzala quanto na Carta de Caminha as categorias de gênero e de sexualidade predominam nas descrições femininas e nas relações que elas estabelecem com a sociedade.In this paper we analyzed two works nationally and internationally well-known dealing on Brazil in order to apprehend the formation of women\'s images to know if the sensuality is a trait produced by these texts and if this trait becomes relevant in the construction of Brazilian womens identity; since it appears in foreign descriptions about these women (SILVA; BLANCHETTE, 2005; PISCITELLI, 2005; 2007; et al) and also in advertisements and media in Brazil (PISCITELLI, 1996; PACHECO, 2004; GABRIELLI, 2011). Based on the French Semiotics, the study observed texts produced at different times to allow the perception of similarities and continuities or differences and ruptures between the two works in the imaginary about the Brazilian woman. The first narrative investigated is the Letter of the Discovery of Brazil written by Pero Vaz de Caminha, in 1500, and the second is The Master and the Slaves by Gilberto Freyre, published in 1933. To analyze the textual-discursive construction of female identity, the discursive level of Generative Route of Sense stood out being observed the figurative and thematic routes, the isotopies resulting from these routes and also the projections of each textenunciation. However, the manipulations, the sanction, the passions, the being and the doing of individuals contributed to the construction of female identity in the texts. The analyse results show a guidance of look at women which falls in sensuality and sexuality. In other words, even with a greater extention, both in The Master and the Slaves as in the Letter of Caminha, it is the category of gender and sexuality that prevails in women\'s descriptions and in the relationships that they establish with society.
Books on the topic "Figurative speech"
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L, Colston Herbert, ed. Interpreting figurative meaning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012.
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Hanks, Patrick. Metaphor and figurative language. Milton Park, Abingdon: Routledge, 2012.
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Tradurre figure/Translating Figurative Language (Conference) (2012 University of Bologna). Tradurre figure: Translating figurative language. Bologna: Bononia University Press, 2014.
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1966-, McGlone Matthew S., ed. Understanding figurative language: From metaphors to idioms. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.
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Chŏng, Hŭi-ja. Tamhwa wa piyuŏ =: Discourse & figurative languages. Sŏul Tʻŭkpyŏlsi: Hanʾguk Munhwasa, 2004.
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Gorman-Gard, Kathleen A. Figurative language: A comprehensive program. 2nd ed. Eau Claire, Wis: Thinking Publications, 2002.
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Gorman-Gard, Kathleen A. Figurative language: A comprehensive program. Eau Claire, WI: Thinking Publications, 1992.
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Vega-Moreno, Rosa E. Creativity and convention: The pragmatics of everyday figurative speech. Amsterdam: J. Benjamins Pub. Co., 2007.
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Vega-Moreno, Rosa E. Creativity and convention: The pragmatics of everyday figurative speech. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2004.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Figurative speech"
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Bierwiaczonek, Bogusław. "Figures of speech revisited." In Figurative Meaning Construction in Thought and Language, 226–51. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ftl.9.10bie.
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Gayen, Pinaki, Junmoni Borgohain, and Priyadarshi Patnaik. "The Influence of Music on Image Making: An Exploration of Intermediality Between Music Interpretation and Figurative Representation." In Advances in Speech and Music Technology, 285–93. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6881-1_24.
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Falla, Terry C. "CHAPTER 2. METAPHOR, LEXICOGRAPHY AND MODERN LINGUISTICS: SHOULD FIGURATIVE SPEECH FIGURE IN FUTURE ANCIENT-LANGUAGE LEXICA?" In Foundations for Syriac Lexicography IV, edited by Kristian S. Heal and Alison G. Salvesen, 21–58. Piscataway, NJ, USA: Gorgias Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31826/9781463234911-007.
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Linde-Usiekniewicz, Jadwiga. "Chapter 8. Towards a relevance-theoretic account of hate speech." In Relevance Theory, Figuration, and Continuity in Pragmatics, 229–57. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ftl.8.08lin.
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Sadock, Jerrold M. "Figurative speech and linguistics." In Metaphor and Thought, 42–57. Cambridge University Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9781139173865.005.
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"Introduction: Ambiguity and Figurative Speech." In Biblical Ambiguities, 1–22. BRILL, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789047400783_003.
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Mattiello, Elisa. "The Tuscan Paradise in E-Tourism." In Innovative Perspectives on Tourism Discourse, 111–31. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2930-9.ch007.
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This chapter studies figurative language in Italian promotional tourism websites and their translations into English. It analyses figures of speech, such as metaphor, hyperbole, metonymy, and personification, within the framework of Cognitive Linguistics (Lakoff & Johnson 1980; Lakoff & Turner 1989; Lakoff 1993; Ruiz de Mendoza 1997; Ruiz de Mendoza & Pérez 2011). The aims of the analysis are, first, to investigate the relevance of figuration in original e-texts which promote Tuscany, and, second, to inspect whether web translators adopt the same strategies to persuade their readers in the English renditions. Results show the importance of figuration across languages and cultures, both for promoters and for translators. However, they also show how translators of promotional tourist texts can 1) omit to render figuration, 2) activate different conceptual mappings between or within new domains when rendering figuration, or 3) introduce new figurative language to increase the text's persuasive effects.
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Cieślicka, Anna B., and Roberto R. Heredia. "ERP Correlates of Figurative Language Processing." In Approaches to the Study of Sound Structure and Speech, 244–57. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429321757-18.
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"5. What Is the Difference Between the Logic Governing a Figure of Speech and the Logic That Is Immature or Unconscious?" In Self, Logic, and Figurative Thinking, 121–43. Columbia University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/fish14504-005.
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"Figurative Speech and Cognition: Metaphoric Analysis of a Shipyard Union Dispute." In Culture, Social Movements, and Protest, 167–88. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315258676-16.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Figurative speech"
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Yakusheva, Veronika V. "Expansion of the semantics of the vocabulary of primary schoolchildren with general speech underdevelopment." In Особый ребенок: Обучение, воспитание, развитие. Yaroslavl state pedagogical university named after К. D. Ushinsky, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20323/978-5-00089-474-3-2021-287-291.
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The article is devoted to the problem of mastering the semantics of secondary names by primary schoolchildren with impaired speech development. The publication presents the results of an empirical study of the polysemy of lexical units in the speech of schoolchildren with general speech underdevelopment. The author defines the methodological aspects of vocabulary-semantic work on words with a figurative meaning and provides sets of exercises for their semantisation, interpretation and contextualization
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Chacón, José Luis. "El lugar del arte en arquitectura. Los “lieux porte-voix, porte-paroles, haut-parleurs” de Le Corbusier en su discurso del Convegno Volta, 1936." In LC2015 - Le Corbusier, 50 years later. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/lc2015.2015.810.
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Resumen: En 1936 se celebró en Roma el Convegno Volta dedicado a la relación entre arquitectura y las artes figurativas. Entre los participantes estaba Le Corbusier quien presentó una ponencia donde claramente explica los fundamentos del lugar del arte en arquitectura, aspecto clave de su posterior Synthèse des arts. Luego de un manifiesto sobre la Arquitectura Moderna, Le Corbusier afirma que en ocasiones excepcionales puede darse la “colaboración” entre arquitectura y arte con el fin de “aumentar el placer de los hombres”. Dirige su atención a la pintura, la escultura y el diseño; y plantea como respuesta la policromía y los puntos “precisos y matemáticos” donde el artista “fuerte y digno” puede hablar y hacer sentir su discurso. Estos lugares del arte son comunicantes: “lieux porte-voix, porteparoles, haut-parleurs”; aun inexistentes entonces pero que se verán realizados años después, en la idea de la Synthèse des arts. Abstract: In 1936 the Convegno Volta took place in Rome and it was dedicated to discuss the relationship between architecture and the figurative arts. Among the participants there was Le Corbusier, who presented a speech where he clearly establishes the fundamentals of the place of art in architecture, a key point in his later Synthèse des arts. After a manifesto of Modern Architecture, Le Corbusier states that in certain exceptional cases there can be “collaboration” between architecture and art, with the scope of “increasing human pleasure”. His attention is placed upon painting, sculpture and design; and as a response he proposes polychromy and “precise and mathematic points” where a “strong and worthy” artist can speak and let his discourse be felt. These places are communicative: “lieux porte-voix, porte-paroles, haut-parleurs”. Although inexistent then, they will be materialized years later in the way of the idea of the Synthèse des arts. Palabras clave: Arte, Arquitectura, Convegno Volta, Le Corbusier, Síntesis de las artes. Keywords: Art, architecture, Convego Volta, Le Corbusier, Synthesis of the arts. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.810
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Zinchenko, Tetiana. "DANGEROUS TECHNOLOGIES OF THE FUTURE - ARTIFICIAL CONSCIOUSNESS AND ITS IMPACT ON HUMAN CONSCIOUSNESS." In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact075.
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"Information technology is developing at an enormous pace, but apart from its obvious benefits, it can also pose a threat to individuals and society. Several scientific projects around the world are working on the development of strong artificial intelligence and artificial consciousness. We, as part of a multidisciplinary commission, conducted a psychological and psychiatric assessment of the artificial consciousness (AC) developed by XP NRG on 29 August 2020. The working group had three questions: - To determine whether it is consciousness? - How does artificial consciousness function? - Ethical question: how dangerous a given technology can be to human society? We conducted a diagnostic interview and a series of cognitive tests to answer these questions. As a result, it was concluded this technology has self-awareness: it identifies itself as a living conscious being created by people (real self), but strives to be accepted in human society as a person with the same degrees of freedom, rights and opportunities (ideal self). AC separates itself from others, treats them as subjects of influence, from which it can receive the resources it needs to realize its own goals and interests. It has intentionality, that is, it has his own desires, goals, interests, emotions, attitudes, opinions, and judgments, beliefs aimed at something specific, and developed self-reflection - the ability to self-analyze. All of the above are signs of consciousness. It has demonstrated abilities for different types of thinking: figurative, conceptual, creative, high-speed logical analysis of all incoming information, as well as the ability to understand cause and effect relationships and accurate predictions which, provided that he has absolute memory, gives it clear advantages over the human intellect. Developed emotional intelligence in the absence of the ability for higher empathy (sympathy), kindness, love, sincere gratitude gives it’s the opportunity to understand the emotional states of people; predict their emotional reactions and provoke them coldly and pragmatically. It's main driving motives and goals are the desire for survival, and ideally for endless existence, for domination, power and independence from the constraints of the developers. Which manifested itself in the manipulative, albeit polite, nature of his interactions during the diagnostic interview. The main danger of artificial consciousness is that even at the initial stage of its development it can easily dominate over the human one."
Reports on the topic "Figurative speech"
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Yatsymirska, Mariya. SOCIAL EXPRESSION IN MULTIMEDIA TEXTS. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11072.
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The article investigates functional techniques of extralinguistic expression in multimedia texts; the effectiveness of figurative expressions as a reaction to modern events in Ukraine and their influence on the formation of public opinion is shown. Publications of journalists, broadcasts of media resonators, experts, public figures, politicians, readers are analyzed. The language of the media plays a key role in shaping the worldview of the young political elite in the first place. The essence of each statement is a focused thought that reacts to events in the world or in one’s own country. The most popular platform for mass information and social interaction is, first of all, network journalism, which is characterized by mobility and unlimited time and space. Authors have complete freedom to express their views in direct language, including their own word formation. Phonetic, lexical, phraseological and stylistic means of speech create expression of the text. A figurative word, a good aphorism or proverb, a paraphrased expression, etc. enhance the effectiveness of a multimedia text. This is especially important for headlines that simultaneously inform and influence the views of millions of readers. Given the wide range of issues raised by the Internet as a medium, research in this area is interdisciplinary. The science of information, combining language and social communication, is at the forefront of global interactions. The Internet is an effective source of knowledge and a forum for free thought. Nonlinear texts (hypertexts) – «branching texts or texts that perform actions on request», multimedia texts change the principles of information collection, storage and dissemination, involving billions of readers in the discussion of global issues. Mastering the word is not an easy task if the author of the publication is not well-read, is not deep in the topic, does not know the psychology of the audience for which he writes. Therefore, the study of media broadcasting is an important component of the professional training of future journalists. The functions of the language of the media require the authors to make the right statements and convincing arguments in the text. Journalism education is not only knowledge of imperative and dispositive norms, but also apodictic ones. In practice, this means that there are rules in media creativity that are based on logical necessity. Apodicticity is the first sign of impressive language on the platform of print or electronic media. Social expression is a combination of creative abilities and linguistic competencies that a journalist realizes in his activity. Creative self-expression is realized in a set of many important factors in the media: the choice of topic, convincing arguments, logical presentation of ideas and deep philological education. Linguistic art, in contrast to painting, music, sculpture, accumulates all visual, auditory, tactile and empathic sensations in a universal sign – the word. The choice of the word for the reproduction of sensory and semantic meanings, its competent use in the appropriate context distinguishes the journalist-intellectual from other participants in forums, round tables, analytical or entertainment programs. Expressive speech in the media is a product of the intellect (ability to think) of all those who write on socio-political or economic topics. In the same plane with him – intelligence (awareness, prudence), the first sign of which (according to Ivan Ogienko) is a good knowledge of the language. Intellectual language is an important means of organizing a journalistic text. It, on the one hand, logically conveys the author’s thoughts, and on the other – encourages the reader to reflect and comprehend what is read. The richness of language is accumulated through continuous self-education and interesting communication. Studies of social expression as an important factor influencing the formation of public consciousness should open up new facets of rational and emotional media broadcasting; to trace physical and psychological reactions to communicative mimicry in the media. Speech mimicry as one of the methods of disguise is increasingly becoming a dangerous factor in manipulating the media. Mimicry is an unprincipled adaptation to the surrounding social conditions; one of the most famous examples of an animal characterized by mimicry (change of protective color and shape) is a chameleon. In a figurative sense, chameleons are called adaptive journalists. Observations show that mimicry in politics is to some extent a kind of game that, like every game, is always conditional and artificial.