Relevant bibliographies by topics / Figure-ground

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Figure-ground'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Figure-ground"

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Seán Gaffney, PhD. "Figure/Ground." Gestalt Review 19, no. 3 (2015): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/gestaltreview.19.3.0267.

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Milton, Chris. "Figure and Ground." Ata: Journal of Psychotherapy Aotearoa New Zealand 17, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 189–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.9791/ajpanz.2013.18.

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An enquiry into “what analysis is” benefits from consideration of the phenomenology of analysis. Drawing on the experience of becoming and being an analyst, as well as using fictionalised case material, this enquiry reveals analysis phenomenologically as a process of living encounter with the unconscious. The unconscious manifests in many different ways each of which provides an opportunity for such encounter. By contrast, much of psychotherapy practice is a process that focuses on the client’s narrative and formulations of that narrative rather than on a process of the manifestation and encounter with the unconscious. In this article I argue that these processes shift back and forth in the manner of figure and ground and that analysis occurs when there is an equilibrium point between these two processes which itself moves more towards facilitating the manifestation of, and encounter with, the unconscious than towards narrative and formulation. Waitara He pakirehua i te “he aha te tātaritanga” ngā painga o te whakaarotanga ki te whakawā tātaritanga. Kia huri ake ki te wheako o te huringa hei kaitātari me te mahi kaitātari i tua atu i te whakamahinga rauemi paki, ka whakaatuhia e tēnei pakirehua he tātaritanga whakawā hei takinga tūtakitanga kaiao ki te mauri moe. He maha ngā momo āhua o te mauri moe, ā, ia āhua he whakaratonga tautauāmoa mō taua tūtakitanga. Hei whakatauritenga ake, he maha ngā mahi whakaora hinengaro, he takinga arotahi ki te paki a te kiritaki me ngā whakahiatonga o taua kōrero tē aro kē ki te takinga o te whakamāramtanga me te tūtakitanga ki te mauri moe. I roto i tēnei tuhinga e whakapae ana au ka neke whakamua, whakamuri ēnei takinga pērā anō i te āhua me te papa ā, ka puea ake te tātaritanga inā tau te waikanaetanga ki ēnei takinga, ā, ka whakapiri atu ki te whakatau i te whakamāramtanga, me te tūtakitanga ki te mauri moe kaua ki te paki me te whakahiatonga.
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Peterson, Mary, and Elizabeth Salvagio. "Figure-ground perception." Scholarpedia 5, no. 4 (2010): 4320. http://dx.doi.org/10.4249/scholarpedia.4320.

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Mattson, John. "Figure and Ground." Pleiades: Literature in Context 39, no. 1 (2019): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/plc.2019.0008.

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Socarides, Alexandra. "Figure Ground Reversal." Twentieth-Century Literature 57, no. 1 (2011): 132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/0041462x-2011-2011.

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Houtkamp, R., and P. R. Roelfsema. "Figure-ground and figure-figure segregation in curve tracing." Journal of Vision 4, no. 8 (August 1, 2004): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/4.8.199.

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Fleming, R. W., A. Williams, and B. L. Anderson. "Resolving figure-ground ambiguity." Journal of Vision 2, no. 7 (March 15, 2010): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/2.7.90.

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Amir, Arnon, and M. Lindenbaum. "Ground from Figure Discrimination." Computer Vision and Image Understanding 76, no. 1 (October 1999): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/cviu.1999.0786.

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Berenbaum, Howard. "Separating Figure From Ground." Contemporary Psychology: A Journal of Reviews 36, no. 7 (July 1991): 610–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/029941.

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McWilliams, Spencer A. "Turning Ground Into Figure." Contemporary Psychology: A Journal of Reviews 37, no. 7 (July 1992): 640–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/032315.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Figure-ground"

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Harvey, Erin 1965. "Attention and figure-ground organization." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291714.

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The influence of spatial attention location on figure-ground organization was assessed in an experiment in which a cued detection paradigm was paired with a figure-ground task. Viewers' fixation was held constant while a cued detection task directed their attention to a location in one of two regions within a figure-ground stimulus. Viewers were more likely to see a meaningless shape (low denotative region) as figure when spatial attention was allocated to that region than when it was allocated elsewhere. The location of spatial attention had no influence on whether or not a meaningful shape (high denotative region) was seen as figure. The results are discussed in terms of direct and indirect routes through which attention might influence figure-ground organization.
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Jones, Kevin William. "Grounded Figure: A Winery." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/10047.

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The nature of figure-ground relationships and their potential for use as a tool for architectural composition was investigated through the design of a winery. Included in the winery were facilities accomodating both the production and consumption of wine. These programmatic elements were used as guides for the development of multiple figure-ground relationships at a variety of scales. In addition, the dialogue between different figures as well as the careful development of the backdrop surfaces were topics of study. Several design strategies were employed to create relationships between figure elements and their backdrops, including the insertion of volumes into and through one another, the careful development of material and surface, and light. From this work, as well as previous projects, several key findings can now be articulated concerning the potential use of figure-ground relationships in the development of a work of architecture. These include the need to optimize the proportion of figure(s) relative to a given background and the key role that the disposition of figures relative to one another plays in the development of a meaningful figure-ground relationship.
Master of Architecture
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Nordlund, Peter. "Figure-ground segmentation using multiple cues." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Tekniska högsk, 1998. http://www.lib.kth.se/abs98/nord0615.pdf.

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Morley, Simon. "The Anadyomene Movement : metamorphics of figure-ground." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2012. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/354402/.

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‘Figure-ground’ is about the production of meaning based on the perception of contrasts or binary oppositions and segregations. Viewers of my paintings, and of the kind of paintings that interest me, have the impression that the ‘figure’ subsides or slips or fades into ‘ground’, or that the ‘ground’ is more powerful or dominant than the‘figure’, or that the ‘figure’ is insecurely attached, suggesting it is incapable, unwilling, too acquiescent or complicit to fully differentiate itself from the ‘ground’. I address flux, mutation, indistinctness and complementarity within the visual field of painting. I develop and extend the heuristic context for the interpretation of my studio practice and for work of a similar kind, and then feedback this new context into my practice in order to generate new works, also in the process shedding a new light on my interpretative models. Beyond this, I also make a more general argument for the re alignment of the relationship between art theory and practice - one that can better incorporate a sense of in between-ness, indistinctness or liminality. My approach is comparative: I look at East Asian art and ideas and, in particular, deploy the writings of the French Sinologist and philosopher François Jullien, in whose work there is the attempt to expand Western epistemology, ontology, semantics and aesthetics via a discussion of Chinese thought and aesthetics. Jullien proposes a paradigm that draws the ‘in-out’ respiratory rhythm or pulse within the perceptual field towards the centre of a theory of representation, a theory that seeks to account for consciousness from the ‘inside’ rather than the ‘outside’. The consequence of this relocation of agency is an interpretative framework that is firmly grounded in a nondualistic and holistic approach, foregrounding affect and empathetic relationships between artist and work, viewer and work, and self and the world. Traditional East Asian thought begins with similar premises to poststructuralism in the West: the ‘self’ is an illusion and the possibility of knowledge of reality independent of thought is dismissed as untenable because there is no objective reality accessible to us. Everything depends on the bias of the mind, rather than on anything we can identify as an innate attribute of reality itself, thus there is no escape from our lived experience, and we are profoundly limited by the interpretive knowledge of our mind; we are trapped within the ‘prison house of language’. But within the different recursive orientations that characterize ‘East’ and ‘West’ the interpretation and consequences of these insights are understood in quite different ways. I explore why this should be the case and what some of the consequences are, both theoretically through the written text and performatively through my studio work.
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Adamo, Stephen Hunter. "Semantic Suppression in Figure-Ground Perception and Binocular Rivalry." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146907.

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Figure-ground segregation occurs when one of two regions sharing a border is perceived as a shaped entity (a figure) and the other is perceived as a shapeless background to the figure. The mechanism of figure-ground perception is inhibitory competition. Peterson and Skow (2008) showed that a familiar configuration that loses the competition for figural status is not perceived consciously and is suppressed, at least at the level of categorical shape. A remaining question is whether the semantics of the familiar configuration are also accessed and suppressed. The present study investigates this question through binocular rivalry. Binocular rivalry occurs when separate images are simultaneously presented to the left and right eyes. Typically one dominates at any given moment, and awareness alternates back and forth between these two images. The image that is not perceived is suppressed (Wheatstone, 1838). The present experiments investigated how the suppression in figure-ground perception and the suppression in binocular rivalry interact. In one eye, subjects viewed a silhouette that initially dominated because a dynamic, colorful pattern was presented within the confines of the figure. In the other eye, participants viewed a word string either a word that named a familiar configuration or a non-word; the letter string was initially suppressed. Experiment 1 explored whether the time required for the letter string to reach awareness between a silhouette that had a hidden, familiar configuration on the ground side or a silhouette with a novel configuration on the ground. Experiment 2 observed the time required to make a lexical decision once the letter string arrived to awareness. Both experiments failed to yield evidence for an interaction between figure-ground and binocular rivalry suppression. This suggests that during binocular rivalry, a shape suppressed by figure-ground competition fails to interact with a word corresponding to the suppressed shape.
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Anderson, John A. E., M. Karl Healey, Lynn Hasher, and Mary A. Peterson. "Age-related deficits in inhibition in figure-ground assignment." ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/617415.

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We assessed age differences in the ability to resolve competition for figural status in stationary displays using small, enclosed, symmetrical silhouettes that participants classified as depicting "novel'' or "familiar'' shapes. The silhouettes were biased such that the inside was perceived as the shaped figure, and the outside was perceived as a shapeless ground. The critical manipulation was whether a portion of a meaningful object was suggested on the outside of the border of some of the novel silhouettes but not others M(+)Ground and M-Ground novel silhouettes, respectively). This manipulation was intended to induce greater inhibitory competition for figural status from the groundside in M(+)Ground silhouettes than M(-)Ground silhouettes. In previous studies, young adults classified M(+)Ground silhouettes as "novel'' faster than M(-)Ground silhouettes (Trujillo, Allen, Schnyer, & Peterson, 2010), suggesting that young adults may recruit more inhibition to resolve figure-ground when there is more competition. We replicated this effect with young adults in the present study, but older adults showed the opposite pattern and were less accurate in classifying M(+)Ground than M(-)Ground silhouettes. These results extend the evidence for inhibitory deficits in older adults to figure assignment in stationary displays. The (M(+)Ground - M(-)Ground) RT differences were evident in observers' longest responses, consistent with the hypothesis that inhibitory deficits are evident when the need for inhibition is substantial.
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Turner, Maureen Cassidy. "The Role of Working Memory in Bistable Figure-Ground Perception." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146696.

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There is a question of what cognitive resources underlie bistable figure-ground alternation. Figure-ground alternation is accomplished via inhibition. Research highlighting the role of inhibition in working memory processes point to the possible involvement of working memory in figure-ground alternation. We examined this issue by asking participants to simultaneously maintain a working memory load and indicate their perceptual reversals of figure-ground stimuli. Two separate types of working memory tasks were used, a verbal (multi-modal) task and a visual task. Concurrent visual working memory load caused perceptual alteration to speed, while verbal working memory load had no significant effect. This implies that working memory space is needed to maintain the current percept, while inhibition keeps the alternate interpretation from coming to dominance.
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Mon, Cheauharn. "FIGURE-GROUND SEGREGATION IN 4- AND 9-MONTH-OLD INFANTS." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/192522.

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Hoff, Amanda. "High fidelity musician's filters and auditory figure-ground performance in children." Online access for everyone, 2006. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Summer2006/a%5Fhoff%5F071906.pdf.

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White, Hannah, Rachel Jubran, Alison Heck, Alyson Chroust, and Ramesh S. Bhatt. "The Role of Shape Recognition in Figure/Ground Perception in Infancy." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2729.

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In this study we sought to determine whether infants, like adults, utilize previous experience to guide figure/ground processing. After familiarization to a shape, 5-month-olds preferentially attended to the side of an ambiguous figure/ground test stimulus corresponding to that shape, suggesting that they were viewing that portion as the figure. Infants’ failure to exhibit this preference in a control condition in which both sides of the test stimulus were displayed as figures indicated that the results in the experimental condition were not due to a preference between two figure shapes. These findings demonstrate for the first time that figure/ground processing in infancy is sensitive to top-down influence. Thus, a critical aspect of figure/ground processing is functional early in life.
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Books on the topic "Figure-ground"

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Chen, Rong. English inversion: A ground-before-figure construction. Hawthorne, N.Y: Mouton de Gruyter, 2003.

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Pind, Jörgen L. Edgar Rubin and psychology in Denmark: Figure and ground. Cham: Springer, 2014.

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Jr, Fain William H., and Newman Morris, eds. Figure/ground: A design conversation with Scott Johnson and Bill Fain. Los Angeles: Balcony Press, 2003.

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Thiering, Martin. Spatial semiotics and spatial mental models: Figure-ground asymmetries in language. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, 2015.

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McMillan, Ian. Space, place, life: A figure ground, a memorable image, and a poem. [United Kingdom]: Academy of Urbanism, 2006.

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Figure and ground: Rembrandt to Mondriaan : landscape and people in Netherlands art 1520-1920. Cork: Crawford Municipal Art Gallery, 2005.

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Schaefer-Simmeren, Henry. Consciousness of artistic form: A comparison of the visual, gestalt art formations of children, adolescents, and layman adults with historical art, folk art, and aboriginal art. Edited by Schaefer-Simmern Gertrude, Abrahamson Roy E, and Fein Sylvia. Berkeley, CA: Gertrude Schaefer-Simmern Trust, 2003.

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Roger, Hargreaves. Richard Renaldi: Figure and Ground. Aperture, 2006.

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Kogo, Naoki, and Raymond van Ee. Neural Mechanisms of Figure-ground Organization. Edited by Johan Wagemans. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199686858.013.35.

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Wagemans, Johan, and Naoki Kogo. Perceptual Multistability in Figure–Ground Organization. Edited by Sergei Gepshtein, Larry Maloney, and Manish Singh. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199829347.013.4.

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Book chapters on the topic "Figure-ground"

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Jerskey, Beth A. "Figure-Ground Discrimination." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1430–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_1366.

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Ward, Tracey, Raphael Bernier, Cora Mukerji, Danielle Perszyk, James C. McPartland, Ellen Johnson, Susan Faja, et al. "Figure-Ground Discrimination." In Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 1289–90. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1698-3_1730.

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Jerskey, Beth A. "Figure-Ground Discrimination." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1045–46. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_1366.

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Jerskey, Beth A. "Figure-Ground Discrimination." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 1–2. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56782-2_1366-2.

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Happé, Francesca. "Figure-Ground Discrimination." In Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2023–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91280-6_1730.

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Blanton, C. D. "Form, Figure, and Ground." In A Companion to British Literature, 296–313. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118827338.ch93.

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Elgammal, Ahmed. "Figure-Ground Segmentation—Pixel-Based." In Visual Analysis of Humans, 31–51. London: Springer London, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-997-0_3.

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Leibe, Bastian. "Figure-Ground Segmentation—Object-Based." In Visual Analysis of Humans, 53–70. London: Springer London, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-997-0_4.

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Cover, Thomas M. "Figure-Ground Problem for Sound." In Open Problems in Communication and Computation, 171. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4808-8_51.

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Li, Zhaoping. "Saliency And Figure-Ground Effects." In Visual Attention Mechanisms, 115–24. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0111-4_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Figure-ground"

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Yisong Chen, A. B. Chan, and Guoping Wang. "Adaptive figure-ground classification." In 2012 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2012.6247733.

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Zhao, L., and L. S. Davis. "Iterative figure-ground discrimination." In Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, 2004. ICPR 2004. IEEE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2004.1334006.

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Geiger, D., K. Kumaran, and L. Parida. "Visual organization for figure/ground separation." In Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. IEEE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.1996.517068.

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Pao, H. K., D. Geiger, and N. Rubin. "Measuring convexity for figure/ground separation." In Proceedings of the Seventh IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision. IEEE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccv.1999.790350.

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Ghosh, Kuntal, and Anirban Roy. "Neuro-visually inspired figure-ground segregation." In 2011 IEEE International Conference on Image Information Processing (ICIIP). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciip.2011.6108932.

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Ren, Xiaofeng, and Jitendra Malik. "Tracking as Repeated Figure/Ground Segmentation." In 2007 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2007.383177.

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Kuettel, D., and V. Ferrari. "Figure-ground segmentation by transferring window masks." In 2012 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2012.6247721.

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Yuan, Ding, Jingjing Qiang, Jianfei Li, Hong Zhang, and Xiaoyan Luo. "Figure-ground Image Segmentation via Semantic Information." In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Real-time Computing and Robotics (RCAR). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rcar47638.2019.9043955.

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Hu, Brian, Salman Khan, Ernst Niebur, and Bryan Tripp. "Figure-ground representation in deep neural networks." In 2019 53rd Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ciss.2019.8693039.

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Ambulkar, Snehal P., Nikhil S. Sakhare, and Vishesh P. Gaikwad. "Figure-Ground Segmentation using object oriented descriptor." In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Engineering and Technology (ICETECH). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icetech.2016.7569246.

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Reports on the topic "Figure-ground"

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Weisstein, Naomi. The Interaction of Sensory and Perceptual Variables: Spatial, Temporal and Orientation Response to Figure and Ground. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada192897.

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Böhm, Franziska, Ingrid Jerve Ramsøy, and Brigitte Suter. Norms and Values in Refugee Resettlement: A Literature Review of Resettlement to the EU. Malmö University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24834/isbn.9789178771776.

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As a result of the refugee reception crisis in 2015 the advocacy for increasing resettlement numbers in the overall refugee protection framework has gained momentum, as has research on resettlement to the EU. While the UNHCR purports resettlement as a durable solution for the international protection of refugees, resettlement programmes to the European Union are seen as a pillar of the external dimension of the EU’s asylum and migration policies and management. This paper presents and discusses the literature regarding the value transmissions taking place within these programmes. It reviews literature on the European resettlement process – ranging from the selection of refugees to be resettled, the information and training they receive prior to travelling to their new country of residence, their reception upon arrival, their placement and dispersal in the receiving state, as well as programs of private and community sponsorship. The literature shows that even if resettlement can be considered an external dimension of European migration policy, this process does not end at the border. Rather, resettlement entails particular forms of reception, placement and dispersal as well as integration practices that refugees are confronted with once they arrive in their resettlement country. These practices should thus be understood in the context of the resettlement regime as a whole. In this paper we map out where and how values (here understood as ideas about how something should be) and norms (expectations or rules that are socially enforced) are transmitted within this regime. ‘Value transmission’ is here understood in a broad sense, taking into account the values that are directly transmitted through information and education programmes, as well as those informing practices and actors’ decisions. Identifying how norms and values figure in the resettlement regime aid us in further understanding decision making processes, policy making, and the on-the-ground work of practitioners that influence refugees’ lives. An important finding in this literature review is that vulnerability is a central notion in international refugee protection, and even more so in resettlement. Ideas and practices regarding vulnerability are, throughout the resettlement regime, in continuous tension with those of security, integration, and of refugees’ own agency. The literature review and our discussion serve as a point of departure for developing further investigations into the external dimension of value transmission, which in turn can add insights into the role of norms and values in the making and un-making of (external) boundaries/borders.
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