Journal articles: 'Figure-ground perception'

1

Peterson, Mary, and Elizabeth Salvagio. "Figure-ground perception." Scholarpedia 5, no. 4 (2010): 4320. http://dx.doi.org/10.4249/scholarpedia.4320.

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Brown, James M., and Richard W. Plummer. "When figure–ground segregation fails: Exploring antagonistic interactions in figure–ground perception." Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics 82, no. 7 (July 19, 2020): 3618–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13414-020-02097-w.

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Salvagio, Elizabeth, Laura Cacciamani, and Mary A. Peterson. "Competition-strength-dependent ground suppression in figure–ground perception." Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics 74, no. 5 (March 3, 2012): 964–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13414-012-0280-5.

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Finlayson, Nonie J., Victorita Neacsu, and D. S. Schwarzkopf. "Spatial Heterogeneity in Bistable Figure-Ground Perception." i-Perception 11, no. 5 (September 2020): 204166952096112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2041669520961120.

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The appearance of visual objects varies substantially across the visual field. Could such spatial heterogeneity be due to undersampling of the visual field by neurons selective for stimulus categories? Here, we show that which parts of a bistable vase-face image observers perceive as figure and ground depends on the retinal location where the image appears. The spatial patterns of these perceptual biases were similar regardless of whether the images were upright or inverted. Undersampling by neurons tuned to an object class (e.g., faces) or variability in general local versus global processing cannot readily explain this spatial heterogeneity. Rather, these biases could result from idiosyncrasies in low-level sensitivity across the visual field.

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Raymond, Jane E. "The figure ground problem in motion perception." Canadian Psychology Psychologie Canadienne 29, no. 4 (1988): 381–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0084567.

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Solé Puig, Maria, August Romeo, and Hans Supèr. "Vergence eye movements during figure-ground perception." Consciousness and Cognition 92 (July 2021): 103138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2021.103138.

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Nelson, Rolf, and NIcholas Hebda. "Figure Ground and Perception: Gelb and Granit Revisited." Journal of Vision 15, no. 12 (September 1, 2015): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/15.12.328.

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Huang, Liqiang, and Harold Pashler. "Reversing the Attention Effect in Figure-Ground Perception." Psychological Science 20, no. 10 (October 2009): 1199–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02424.x.

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Asarzadeh, Karim, Paymane Ghazanfari, and Alireza Gholinejad Pirbazari. "Recovering figure‐ground perception in Tehran's color plan." Color Research & Application 45, no. 6 (July 26, 2020): 1179–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/col.22542.

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Pitts, Michael A., Antígona Martínez, James B. Brewer, and Steven A. Hillyard. "Early Stages of Figure–Ground Segregation during Perception of the Face–Vase." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 23, no. 4 (April 2011): 880–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2010.21438.

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The temporal sequence of neural processes supporting figure–ground perception was investigated by recording ERPs associated with subjects' perceptions of the face–vase figure. In Experiment 1, subjects continuously reported whether they perceived the face or the vase as the foreground figure by pressing one of two buttons. Each button press triggered a probe flash to the face region, the vase region, or the borders between the two. The N170/vertex positive potential (VPP) component of the ERP elicited by probes to the face region was larger when subjects perceived the faces as figure. Preceding the N170/VPP, two additional components were identified. First, when the borders were probed, ERPs differed in amplitude as early as 110 msec after probe onset depending on subjects' figure–ground perceptions. Second, when the face or vase regions were probed, ERPs were more positive (at ∼150–200 msec) when that region was perceived as figure versus background. These components likely reflect an early “border ownership” stage, and a subsequent “figure–ground segregation” stage of processing. To explore the influence of attention on these stages of processing, two additional experiments were conducted. In Experiment 2, subjects selectively attended to the face or vase region, and the same early ERP components were again produced. In Experiment 3, subjects performed an identical selective attention task, but on a display lacking distinctive figure–ground borders, and neither of the early components were produced. Results from these experiments suggest sequential stages of processing underlying figure–ground perception, each which are subject to modifications by selective attention.

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Lindauer, Martin S. "Expectation and satiation accounts of ambiguous figure-ground perception." Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 27, no. 3 (March 1989): 227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03334591.

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Song, Jaeseon, and James M. Brown. "Further exploration of antagonistic interactions in figure-ground perception." Journal of Vision 19, no. 10 (September 6, 2019): 35c. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/19.10.35c.

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13

Peterson, M. A., and E. Salvagio. "Inhibitory competition in figure-ground perception: Context and convexity." Journal of Vision 8, no. 16 (December 1, 2008): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/8.16.4.

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Peterson, Mary A., and Emily Skow. "Inhibitory competition between shape properties in figure-ground perception." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 34, no. 2 (2008): 251–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0096-1523.34.2.251.

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15

Mojica, A., E. Salvagio, R. Kimchi, and M. Peterson. "On the relationship between attention and figure-ground perception." Journal of Vision 9, no. 8 (September 3, 2010): 937. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/9.8.937.

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16

Takashima, Midori, So Kanazawa, Masami K. Yamaguchi, and Ken Shiina. "The homogeneity effect on figure/ground perception in infancy." Infant Behavior and Development 37, no. 1 (February 2014): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.infbeh.2013.12.012.

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17

Ghose, T., and S. Palmer. "Gradient cut alignment: A cue to ground in figure-ground and depth perception." Journal of Vision 7, no. 9 (March 30, 2010): 903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/7.9.903.

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18

Kelly, Frank, and Stephen Grossberg. "Neural dynamics of 3-D surface perception: Figure-ground separation and lightness perception." Perception & Psychophysics 62, no. 8 (December 2000): 1596–618. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03212158.

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19

Palmer, Stephen E., and Joseph L. Brooks. "Edge-region grouping in figure-ground organization and depth perception." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 34, no. 6 (2008): 1353–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0012729.

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20

Driver, Jon, Gordon C. Baylis, and Robert D. Rafal. "Preserved figure-ground segregation and symmetry perception in visual neglect." Nature 360, no. 6399 (November 1992): 73–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/360073a0.

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21

Barense, M. D., K. W. J. Ngo, and M. A. Peterson. "Figure-ground perception is impaired in medial temporal lobe amnesia." Journal of Vision 10, no. 7 (August 11, 2010): 749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/10.7.749.

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22

Salvagio, E., and M. A. Peterson. "Competition-induced suppression in figure-ground perception spans multiple levels." Journal of Vision 9, no. 8 (September 3, 2010): 938. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/9.8.938.

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23

Stachoň, Zdeněk, Čeněk Šašinka, Jiří Čeněk, Zbyněk Štěrba, Stephan Angsuesser, Sara Irina Fabrikant, Radim Štampach, and Kamil Morong. "Cross-cultural differences in figure–ground perception of cartographic stimuli." Cartography and Geographic Information Science 46, no. 1 (May 15, 2018): 82–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2018.1470575.

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24

Linnell, K. J., and G. W. Humphreys. "Contrast Polarity Affects Performance after Figure-Ground Coding." Perception 26, no. 1_suppl (August 1997): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/v970117.

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Gilchrist et al (1997 Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance23 464 – 480) proposed that some aspects of grouping are relatively insensitive to variations in contrast polarity between the elements to be grouped. We assessed the contrast-polarity sensitivity of grouping in a visual search experiment. Display elements were corner-brackets arranged at the vertices of regular polygons (see Donnelly et al, 1991 Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance17 561 – 570), either aligned with polygon sides (strong-grouping condition), rotated through 20° (weak-grouping condition), or rotated through 180° (open condition). The background was grey; on same-contrast-polarity trials, elements were either all white or all black; on opposite-polarity trials, each element was white and black. The task was to detect a target element rotated 180° with respect to the others. With weak grouping present, opposite contrast polarity slowed reaction times dramatically: they were as slow as those to open displays. A second experiment in which display elements were pacmen showed that the contrast-polarity effect on performance is modulated by figure - ground relations: the dramatic effect of contrast polarity in the weak-grouping condition disappeared, presumably because search focused on the uniform grey illusory surface. These results suggest that grouping operates automatically to produce figure - ground coding of displays, but that contrast polarity differences within a figural surface affect the output of these codes to systems concerned with perceptual discriminations.

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25

Jones, Helen E., Ian M. Andolina, Stewart D. Shipp, Daniel L. Adams, Javier Cudeiro, Thomas E. Salt, and Adam M. Sillito. "Figure-ground modulation in awake primate thalamus." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 22 (April 21, 2015): 7085–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1405162112.

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Figure-ground discrimination refers to the perception of an object, the figure, against a nondescript background. Neural mechanisms of figure-ground detection have been associated with feedback interactions between higher centers and primary visual cortex and have been held to index the effect of global analysis on local feature encoding. Here, in recordings from visual thalamus of alert primates, we demonstrate a robust enhancement of neuronal firing when the figure, as opposed to the ground, component of a motion-defined figure-ground stimulus is located over the receptive field. In this paradigm, visual stimulation of the receptive field and its near environs is identical across both conditions, suggesting the response enhancement reflects higher integrative mechanisms. It thus appears that cortical activity generating the higher-order percept of the figure is simultaneously reentered into the lowest level that is anatomically possible (the thalamus), so that the signature of the evolving representation of the figure is imprinted on the input driving it in an iterative process.

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26

Mojica, Andrew J., and Mary A. Peterson. "Display-wide influences on figure–ground perception: The case of symmetry." Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics 76, no. 4 (March 14, 2014): 1069–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13414-014-0646-y.

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27

White, Hannah, Rachel Jubran, Alison Heck, Alyson Chroust, and Ramesh S. Bhatt. "The role of shape recognition in figure/ground perception in infancy." Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 25, no. 4 (April 30, 2018): 1381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13423-018-1476-z.

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28

Kogo, Naoki, Lore Hermans, David Stuer, Raymond van Ee, and Johan Wagemans. "Temporal dynamics of different cases of bi-stable figure–ground perception." Vision Research 106 (January 2015): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2014.10.029.

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29

Wong, Eva, and Naomi Weisstein. "The effects of flicker on the perception of figure and ground." Perception & Psychophysics 41, no. 5 (September 1987): 440–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/bf03203037.

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30

Supèr, Hans, and Victor A. F. Lamme. "Altered figure-ground perception in monkeys with an extra-striate lesion." Neuropsychologia 45, no. 14 (January 2007): 3329–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.07.001.

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31

Barense, Morgan D., Joan K. W. Ngo, Lily H. T. Hung, and Mary A. Peterson. "Interactions of Memory and Perception in Amnesia: The Figure–Ground Perspective." Cerebral Cortex 22, no. 11 (December 15, 2011): 2680–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhr347.

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32

Brungart, Douglas, Nandini Iyer, and Brian Simpson. "Speech perception from a crudely quantized spectrogram: A figure‐ground analogy." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 121, no. 5 (May 2007): 3186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4782377.

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33

Dannemiller, James L., and Anne Braun. "The perception of chromatic figure/ground relationships in 5-month-olds." Infant Behavior and Development 11, no. 1 (January 1988): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0163-6383(88)80014-6.

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34

Malaspina, Dolores, Naomi Simon, Raymond R. Goetz, Cheryl Corcoran, Eliza Coleman, David Printz, Lilianne Mujica-Parodi, and Rachel Wolitzky. "The Reliability and Clinical Correlates of Figure-Ground Perception in Schizophrenia." Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 16, no. 3 (August 2004): 277–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/jnp.16.3.277.

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35

Goldreich, Daniel, and Mary A. Peterson. "A Bayesian Observer Replicates Convexity Context Effects in Figure–Ground Perception." Seeing and Perceiving 25, no. 3-4 (2012): 365–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187847612x634445.

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36

Bayerl, P., and H. Neumann. "Attention and figure-ground segregation in a model of motion perception." Journal of Vision 5, no. 8 (March 17, 2010): 659. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/5.8.659.

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37

Ghose, T., and S. E. Palmer. "Surface convexity and extremal edges in depth and figure-ground perception." Journal of Vision 5, no. 8 (September 1, 2005): 970. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/5.8.970.

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38

Salvagio, E., and M. A. Peterson. "Revealing the Temporal Dynamics of Competitive Interactions in Figure-Ground Perception." Journal of Vision 12, no. 9 (August 10, 2012): 887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/12.9.887.

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39

Tello, Richard M. G., Sandra M. T. Müller, Muhammad A. Hasan, André Ferreira, Sridhar Krishnan, and Teodiano F. Bastos. "An independent-BCI based on SSVEP using Figure-Ground Perception (FGP)." Biomedical Signal Processing and Control 26 (April 2016): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2015.12.010.

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40

Tuccio, Maria Teresa. "Figure-Ground Organization in Different Phases of the Perceptual Alternation Phenomenon." Perceptual and Motor Skills 81, no. 3 (December 1995): 1043–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1995.81.3.1043.

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Two experiments on figure-ground organization were designed to examine whether the regions of an ambiguous stimulus perceived as “figure” vary as a function of regional area and experience with the stimulus. In Exp. 1 the perceived duration of each interpretation was recorded during continuous viewing for 10 subjects who had been trained until both percepts appeared with statistical regularity (stationary phase). In Exp. 2 the first interpretation reported by 172 naive observers after a few seconds of pattern exposure was recorded. The well-known tendency to interpret smaller regions as figure was noted in Exp. 2 whereas the results of Exp. 1 suggested equiprobability of the percepts. Over-all results suggest that alternation is learned during the transient or “early” phase of perception, with some stimulus features and cultural factors influencing the figure-ground organization. During the stationary or late phase of perception the subject is well practiced and the alternating of interpretations becomes largely automatic.

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41

Kirchberger, Lisa, Sreedeep Mukherjee, Ulf H. Schnabel, Enny H. van Beest, Areg Barsegyan, Christiaan N. Levelt, J. Alexander Heimel, et al. "The essential role of recurrent processing for figure-ground perception in mice." Science Advances 7, no. 27 (June 2021): eabe1833. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abe1833.

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The segregation of figures from the background is an important step in visual perception. In primary visual cortex, figures evoke stronger activity than backgrounds during a delayed phase of the neuronal responses, but it is unknown how this figure-ground modulation (FGM) arises and whether it is necessary for perception. Here, we show, using optogenetic silencing in mice, that the delayed V1 response phase is necessary for figure-ground segregation. Neurons in higher visual areas also exhibit FGM and optogenetic silencing of higher areas reduced FGM in V1. In V1, figures elicited higher activity of vasoactive intestinal peptide–expressing (VIP) interneurons than the background, whereas figures suppressed somatostatin-positive interneurons, resulting in an increased activation of pyramidal cells. Optogenetic silencing of VIP neurons reduced FGM in V1, indicating that disinhibitory circuits contribute to FGM. Our results provide insight into how lower and higher areas of the visual cortex interact to shape visual perception.

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42

Stevens, Kent A., and Allen Brookes. "The Concave Cusp as a Determiner of Figure—Ground." Perception 17, no. 1 (February 1988): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p170035.

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The tendency to interpret as figure, relative to background, those regions that are lighter, smaller, and, especially, more convex is well known. Wherever convex opaque objects abut or partially occlude one another in an image, the points of contact between the silhouettes form concave cusps, each indicating the local assignment of figure versus ground across the contour segments. It is proposed that this local geometric feature is a preattentive determiner of figure—ground perception and that it contributes to the previously observed tendency for convexity preference. Evidence is presented that figure—ground assignment can be determined solely on the basis of the concave cusp feature, and that the salience of the cusp derives from local geometry and not from adjacent contour convexity.

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43

Neri, Peter, and Dennis M. Levi. "Temporal Dynamics of Figure-Ground Segregation in Human Vision." Journal of Neurophysiology 97, no. 1 (January 2007): 951–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00753.2006.

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The segregation of figure from ground is arguably one of the most fundamental operations in human vision. Neural signals reflecting this operation appear in cortex as early as 50 ms and as late as 300 ms after presentation of a visual stimulus, but it is not known when these signals are used by the brain to construct the percepts of figure and ground. We used psychophysical reverse correlation to identify the temporal window for figure-ground signals in human perception and found it to lie within the range of 100–160 ms. Figure enhancement within this narrow temporal window was transient rather than sustained as may be expected from measurements in single neurons. These psychophysical results prompt and guide further electrophysiological studies.

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44

Ghose, Tandra, and Stephen E. Palmer. "Gradient cuts and extremal edges in relative depth and figure–ground perception." Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics 78, no. 2 (December 4, 2015): 636–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13414-015-1030-2.

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45

Lass, J. W., P. J. Bennett, M. A. Peterson, and A. B. Sekuler. "The Effect of Context and Convexity on Figure Ground Perception in Aging." Journal of Vision 12, no. 9 (August 10, 2012): 1302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/12.9.1302.

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46

Roper, Brad L., Jarrod Fiengo, Erin G. Holker, and Linas A. Bieliauskas. "Older Adult Norms for the Southern California Figure-Ground Visual Perception Test." Clinical Neuropsychologist 15, no. 3 (August 2001): 324–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1076/clin.15.3.324.10281.

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47

Lass, Jordan, Patrick Bennett, Mary Peterson, and Allison Sekuler. "The effects of motion cues on figure-ground perception across the lifespan." Journal of Vision 15, no. 12 (September 1, 2015): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/15.12.339.

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48

Bieliauskas, Linas A., Benjamin H. Newberry, and Thomas J. Gerstenberger. "Young adult norms for the southern california figure-ground visual perception test." Clinical Neuropsychologist 2, no. 3 (July 1988): 239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13854048808520106.

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49

Plummer, Richard, James Brown, and Jaeseon Song. "Using artificial scotoma fading to explore antagonistic interactions in figure-ground perception." Journal of Vision 18, no. 10 (September 1, 2018): 805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/18.10.805.

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50

Trujillo, Logan T. "Neurophysiological evidence for the influence of past experience on figure–ground perception." Journal of Vision 10, no. 2 (2010): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/10.2.5.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Figure-ground perception'

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