To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Figure of eight-shaped shield.
Journal articles on the topic 'Figure of eight-shaped shield'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Figure of eight-shaped shield.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Zhao, Chen, Shunqi Zhang, Zhipeng Liu, and Tao Yin. "Simulation Study to Improve Focalization of a Figure Eight Coil by Using a Conductive Shield Plate and a Ferromagnetic Block." IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering 23, no. 4 (July 2015): 529–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tnsre.2015.2389263.
Full text
2
Haug, Carolin, and Joachim T. Haug. "The fossil record of whip spiders: the past of Amblypygi." PalZ 95, no. 3 (March 31, 2021): 387–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12542-021-00552-z.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractWhip spiders (Amblypygi), as their name suggests, resemble spiders (Araneae) in some aspects, but differ from them by their heart-shaped (prosomal) dorsal shield, their prominent grasping pedipalps, and their subsequent elongate pair of feeler appendages. The oldest possible occurrences of whip spiders, represented by cuticle fragments, date back to the Devonian (c. 385 mya), but (almost) complete fossils are known from the Carboniferous (c. 300 mya) onwards. The fossils include specimens preserved on slabs or in nodules (Carboniferous, Cretaceous) as well as specimens preserved in amber (Cretaceous, Eocene, Miocene). We review here all fossil whip spider specimens, figure most of them as interpretative drawings or with high-quality photographs including 3D imaging (stereo images) to make the three-dimensional relief of the specimens visible. Furthermore, we amend the list by two new specimens (resulting in 37 in total). The fossil specimens as well as modern whip spiders were measured to analyse possible changes in morphology over time. In general, the shield appears to have become relatively broader and the pedipalps and walking appendages have become more elongate over geological time. The morphological details are discussed in an evolutionary framework and in comparison with results from earlier studies.
3
Lee, Taeheon, Joongsuk Oh, Jonghwa Jeong, Haeji Jung, June Huh, Taihyun Chang, and Hyun-jong Paik. "Figure-Eight-Shaped and Cage-Shaped Cyclic Polystyrenes." Macromolecules 49, no. 10 (May 3, 2016): 3672–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00093.
Full text
4
Kucheriava, I. M. "MAGNETIC FIELD SHIELDING OF UNDERGROUND POWER CABLE LINE BY H-SHAPED SHIELD." Tekhnichna Elektrodynamika 2020, no. 6 (October 21, 2020): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/techned2020.06.015.
Full textAbstract:
In the article the magnetic field distributions, generated by underground extra-high voltage (330 kV) three-phase power cable line in the environment, in particular near the cables in the trench and on the ground, are analyzed for using of H-shaped shield made of different materials including aluminum, low carbon steel and non-oriented grain steel. As shown, the best shielding effectiveness is realized by aluminium shield. The H-shaped shield made of high-conducting non-magnetic materials is proposed to use in order to mitigate the magnetic field level on the ground down to regulated nonhazardous values. References 14, figures 7.
5
Kalogirou, Andreas, Othonas A. Moultos, Leonidas N. Gergidis, and Costas Vlahos. "Micellization Properties of Θ-Shaped, Figure-Eight-Shaped and Linked Rings Copolymers." Macromolecules 47, no. 16 (August 4, 2014): 5851–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma501053d.
Full text
6
Eom, G. S., D. Yang, E. Lee, S. Park, Y. Lee, and J. W. Hahn. "Wave propagation characteristics of a figure-eight shaped nanoaperture." Journal of Applied Physics 101, no. 10 (May 15, 2007): 103101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2732412.
Full text
7
Yamamoto, Koji, Yasuhiro Saitho, Daisuke Iwaki, and Takayuki Ooka. "[7.7]Circulene, a Molecule Shaped Like a Figure of Eight." Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 30, no. 9 (September 1991): 1173–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.199111731.
Full text
8
Provatidis, C. G. "Unidirectional motion using rotating masses along figure-eight-shaped trajectories." Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering 37, no. 1 (March 27, 2014): 397–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40430-014-0154-y.
Full text
9
Llibre, Jaume, José Paraños, and J. Ángel Rodríguez. "Periods for Continuous Self-Maps of the Figure-Eight Space." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 13, no. 07 (July 2003): 1743–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127403007606.
Full textAbstract:
Let 8 be the graph shaped like the number 8. This paper contains a characterization of all possible sets of periods for all continuous self-maps of 8 with the branching point fixed. We remark that this characterization is the first complete classification of the sets of periods for all continuous self-maps on a connected graph with negative Euler characteristic with fixed branching points.
10
Jianliang He and H. Coffey. "Magnetic damping forces in figure-eight-shaped null-flux coil suspension systems." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 33, no. 5 (1997): 4230–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.619719.
Full text
11
Kabasakaloglu, Tugce S., and Metehan Erdogan. "Characterisation of figure-eight shaped oscillation laser welding behaviour of 5083 aluminium alloy." Science and Technology of Welding and Joining 25, no. 7 (July 21, 2020): 609–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13621718.2020.1794652.
Full text
12
Cai, Yao, Guangtong Ma, Yiyu Wang, Tianyong Gong, Kang Liu, Chunxing Yao, Wenjiao Yang, and Jingsong Zeng. "Semianalytical Calculation of Superconducting Electrodynamic Suspension Train Using Figure-Eight-Shaped Ground Coil." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 30, no. 5 (August 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2020.2978423.
Full text
13
Ribani, P. L., and N. Urbano. "Study on figure-eight-shaped coil electrodynamic suspension magnetic levitation systems without cross-connection." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 36, no. 1 (2000): 358–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.822547.
Full text
14
KALÚZ, STANISLAV, and JOSEF STARÝ. "Two new species of the family Cunaxidae (Acari: Prostigmata) from Madagascar." Zootaxa 4378, no. 4 (February 11, 2018): 549. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4378.4.6.
Full textAbstract:
Two new mite species from Madagascar, based on female specimens, viz. Armascirus skvarlai sp. nov. and Cunaxa corpuzrarosae sp. nov. (Acari: Prostigmata: Cunaxidae), are described and figured. Armascirus skvarlai sp. nov. differs from the related species A. gimpeli Smiley, 1992 by having long hysterosomal platelets, thin and long lateromedial sts on the palpal genu, and from A. ozarkensis Skvarla & Dowling, 2012 by having a cone-shaped proterosomal shield with straight lateral edges, and by its nearly triangular hysterosomal shield. Cunaxa corpuzrarosae sp. nov. differs from the related species C. potchensis Den Heyer, 1979 by having 4 pairs of sts between coxae IV and the genital region, and by having a short stout palpal femoral apophysis; and from C. mageei Smiley, 1992 and C. neogazella Smiley, 1992 by having much shorter hysterodorsal and palpal tibiotarsal setae.
15
Gorzelik, Jerzy. "Alegorie Polski w gmachach publicznych i kościołach województwa śląskiego na wybranych przykładach (1922-1939)." Artifex Novus, no. 2 (January 15, 2020): 58–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/an.7828.
Full textAbstract:
Utworzenie autonomicznego województwa śląskiego w ramach polskiego państwa narodowego oraz diecezji katowickiej wiązało się z reorganizacją systemu władzy, w którym poczesne miejsce zajęły grupy polsko-śląskich duchownych oraz urzędników i świeckiej inteligencji. Ich wzajemna rywalizacja oraz wspólne dążenie do nacjonalizacji Górnoślązaków w duchu polskim inspirowały dwa odmienne, choć spokrewnione dyskursy, w których wykorzystywano środki obrazowe. Wśród nich znaczącą rolę odgrywały alegoryczne wizualizacje Polski, zakorzenione w tradycjach sztuki polskiej przełomu XIX/XX wieku. W wystrojach gmachów Sejmu Śląskiego i Śląskiego Urzędu Wojewódzkiego oraz starostwa powiatowego w Katowicach zastosowano motyw Polonia Triumphans. W pierwszym z przypadków rzeźbiarz Jan Raszka nadał personifikacji wczesnośredniowieczną stylizację, nawiązującą do piastowskiego „złotego wieku”, a u jej tronu umieścił asystę w osobach hutnika i górnika, stylizowanych na kresowych rycerzy. Inna z płaskorzeźb przedstawia Polonię jako Nike i Wolność prowadzącą do boju powstańca śląskiego, zobrazowanego jako hutnik z młotem, oraz żołnierza walczącego z Czechami o Śląsk Cieszyński. Wątek zbrojnej walki o granice pojawia się także w malowidłach Felicjana Szczęsnego Kowarskiego w budynku starostwa, gdzie ukazaną w postaci greckiej heroiny Polonię z mieczem i tarczą flankują postaci śląskich herosów – całość programu ma jawnie rewizjonistyczną wymowę.
Wyraźnie większe bogactwo wątków prezentuje zespół trzech obrazów Józefa Unierzyskiego, zamówionych do kościoła mariackiego w Katowicach. Ich centralną postacią jest Maria Królowa Korony Polskiej, przybierająca cechy Polonii Triumphans. Fundamentem łączności Górnego Śląska z Polską jest tu wspólna katolicka wiara. Górnośląski lud pod przywództwem bliskich mu kapłanów włącza się u stóp Madonny w nurt polskiej historii, określony dziejową misją przedmurza chrześcijaństwa, wnosząc jako wiano żywą religijność i pracowitość. Na zlecenie proboszcza ks. Emila Szramka malarz zaprezentował zrastanie się z polskością jako naturalny i obustronnie korzystny proces.
The creation of the autonomous Silesian voivodeship within the borders of the Polish nation state and of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Katowice meant a profound change in the distribution of power, the groups of Polish-Silesian clergy and Polish bureaucrats, as well as secular intelligentsia gaining increasingly in importance. Their rivalry and common effort to polonize Upper Silesians inspired two different, although interrelated discourses, visual means being involved in both of them. Among the motives, implemented in the propaganda, allegorical depictions of Poland - rooted in the traditions of the Polish art of the turn of the twentieth century – played a significant role. In the decorations of the edifices of Silesian Sejm and Silesian Voivodeship Office and of the county authorities they were shaped as the personification of Polonia Triumphans. In the former case the sculptor Jan Raszka represented the allegory as an early medieval figure, reminding of a „golden age” of the Piast dynasty, seated on the throne and accompanied by a coal miner and a foundry-worker, stylized as borderland knights. In another bas-relief Polonia was depicted as Victory and Liberty leading into battle a Polish-Silesian insurgent, rendered as a foundry-worker with a hammer in his hands, and a soldier, fighting against Czechs for Teschen Silesia. The strand of military fighting over disputed territories occurs also in the paintings by Felicjan Szczęsny Kowarski in the Katowice County Hall, where Polonia, depicted as a Greek heroine with a sword and a shield, is accompanied by Silesian heroes and the meaning of the decoration is manifestly revisionist, advocating moving Polish border westwards.
A conspicuosly wider range of contents is reflected in a series of three paintings by Józef Unierzyski, ordered for St. Mary’s Church in Katowice. Their central figure is Mary the „Queen of the Polish Crown”, assuming the features of Polonia Triumphans. The connection between Upper Silesia and Poland is founded here on the common catholic faith. At the feet of Madonna Upper Silesian folk, led by clergy, that remains faithfull to its popular roots, and bringing its vivid religiosity and dilligence, joins the stream of the Polish history, determined by the historical mission of antemurale christianitatis,. Commissioned by the parson Emil Szramek, the painter represented the growing together of Upper Silesia and Poland as a natural and mutually profitable process.
16
DÖKER, ISMAIL, VLADIMIR A. KHAUSTOV, and OMID JOHARCHI. "A new species of Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) De Leon and redescription of T. (A.) montanus Chant & Yoshida-Shaul from Russia." Zootaxa 4951, no. 2 (April 6, 2021): 372–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4951.2.10.
Full textAbstract:
Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) tetraporus sp. nov., collected on grasses in Crimea, is proposed as a new species for science. The new species can be separated from all known species of Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) by the combination of following characters; peritreme extending almost to level of setae j1, four pairs of solenostomes on dorsal shield, two pairs of setae on sternal shield, a sclerotised v-shaped plate posterior to sternal shield, four pairs of pre-anal setae, a pair of small rounded pre-anal solenostomes, differentiated and larger atrium of spermatheca and eight setae on genu II. In addition, T. (A.) montanus Chant & Yoshida-Shaul (Acari: Phytoseiidae), a species only known based on its original description from Canada is reported for the first time in Russia. The new record is redescribed and illustrated based on female specimens collected from Prunus padus L. (Rosaceae) where it was associated with eriophyid mites in Pereval Seminskiy, Altai Republic. This species may be an important predator as a potential biological control agent of eriophyid mites.
17
Li, Yinan, Eva Cosoroaba, Lizon Maharjan, and Babak Fahimi. "Comparative Study of a New Coil Design With Traditional Shielded Figure-of-Eight Coil for Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 54, no. 3 (March 2018): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2017.2751260.
Full text
18
Stead, I. M. "Many More Iron Age Shields from Britain." Antiquaries Journal 71 (September 1991): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003581500086807.
Full textAbstract:
Two recent discoveries have added greatly to our knowledge of Iron Age shields in Britain. First, the Chertsey Shield, unique in the Celtic world in being made entirely of bronze. Second, a collection of miniature shields of a shape hitherto unknown. Bindings from full-size shields of this shape had been found previously, but were not correctly identified until the miniatures provided the clue. Now it seems that these distinctive hide-shaped shields were one of the most common forms used by British warriors. At least thirty-eight examples—including twenty-three miniatures—have now been added to the corpus of Iron Age shields from Britain.
19
Kubo, Hiromu, Daiki Shimizu, Takashi Hirose, and Kenji Matsuda. "Circularly Polarized Luminescence Designed from Molecular Orbitals: A Figure-Eight-Shaped [5]Helicene Dimer with D2 Symmetry." Organic Letters 22, no. 23 (November 19, 2020): 9276–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03506.
Full text
20
Shi, Gang-Yin, and Cai-Yuan Pan. "Synthesis of Well-Defined Figure-of-Eight-Shaped Polymers by a Combination of ATRP and Click Chemistry." Macromolecular Rapid Communications 29, no. 20 (September 12, 2008): 1672–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.200800337.
Full text
21
Brooker, Sally, Geoffrey S. Dunbar, and Thomas Weyhermüller. "Figure-of-eight Shaped Metal-free Amide-containing Schiff-base Macrocycles and Two Dicobalt(III) Amide Complexes." Supramolecular Chemistry 13, no. 5 (September 1, 2001): 601–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10610270108039793.
Full text
22
Sakai, K., Y. Ugawa, Y. Terao, R. Hanajima, T. Furubayashi, and I. Kanazawa. "Preferential activation of different I waves by transcranial magnetic stimulation with a figure-of-eight-shaped coil." Experimental Brain Research 113, no. 1 (January 1997): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02454139.
Full text
23
Gong, Tianyong, Guangtong Ma, Ruichen Wang, Songlin Li, Chunxing Yao, and Ling Xiao. "3-D FEM Modeling of the Superconducting EDS Train With Cross-Connected Figure-Eight-Shaped Suspension Coils." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 31, no. 3 (April 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2021.3050180.
Full text
24
Weyh, Thomas, Kerstin Wendicke, Claudia Mentschel, Hannes Zantow, and Hartwig R. Siebner. "Marked differences in the thermal characteristics of figure-of-eight shaped coils used for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation." Clinical Neurophysiology 116, no. 6 (June 2005): 1477–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2005.02.002.
Full text
25
Korn, Olga M., Aleksey S. Elfimov, and Natalya V. Skreptsova. "Larval development of a barnacle, Balanus spongicola (Cirripedia: Balanidae) reared in the laboratory." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 81, no. 5 (October 2001): 775–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315401004581.
Full textAbstract:
The naupliar development of the barnacle Balanus spongicola is described, from larvae reared in the laboratory. The planktotrophic nauplii of B. spongicola reached the cyprid stage 11 days after hatching, at 20°C, and only eight days after hatching, at 25°C. Larval development includes six naupliar and one cyprid stage, following the typical pattern of the thoracican Cirripedia. Naupliar stages have a broad pear-shaped cephalic shield with a straight anterior margin and a pair of fairly short posterior spines in stages IV–VI. Dorsal and marginal spines are absent. Frontolateral horns are of medium length, directed forward from stage III. Small teeth on the median labral lobe found in some warm-water species are only weakly pronounced. The arrangement of abdominal spines and larval setation are in the usual balanoid pattern. The larvae of B. spongicola share some features with earlier described nauplii of Solidobalanus fallax, a non-native UK species inhabiting British waters. Balanus spongicola, however, possess more typical balanoid larvae. Its nauplii are more elongated (the cephalic shield is longer than broad). Thoraco-abdominal processes and posterior shield spines in B. spongicola are shorter than those in S. fallax. The abdominal process remains shorter than the dorsal thoracic spine until stage VI in B. spongicola but becomes nearly equal in S. fallax.
26
Yap, Eduardo C. "Principles of Structural Rhinoplasty in South East Asian Noses." Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 29, no. 2 (November 30, 2014): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32412/pjohns.v29i2.437.
Full textAbstract:
What makes the majority of noses beautiful? It is the tip.1,2,3
South East Asian noses are usually small and short with bulbous tip and thick skin and soft tissue envelope (SSTE).2 The tip is determined by the shape and strength of the lower cartilages.2,3,4 The lower cartilages are usually soft and weak so there is a need for a strong support system for the attachment of the lower cartilages. Thus the surgical term is called “Structural Rhinoplasty.”2,3
The concept of the surgery involves re-structuring the tip to a new position for elongation and projection. Since the septum is the most stable structure, a central part of the septum is harvested and is used as extended septal support graft for fixation of the lower cartilage for a whole new tip position.2,3 The open approach is often used. The SSTE dissection is wide up to the pyriform aperture laterally, nasal spine inferiorly, and glabella superiorly. Make certain that the dissection plane is below the superficial muscular aponeurotic system (SMAS) in the upper cartilage (UC) and lower cartilage (LC), and below the periosteum in the nasal bone.
SEPTOPLASTY
“Two points determine a line: a guide to anterior approach of the septum”
Once the transcolumellar incision is done and all external nasal anatomy is exposed, the septum can be easily approached via the concept “2 points determine a line.” One point is at the area of the footplate which is separated from each other via blunt dissection down to the nasal spine. The other point is the anterior septal angle which is easily palpated. An imaginary line between the 2 points is the membranous septum which can be safely cut and opened via sharp dissection till one reaches the caudal margin of the septum. (Figure 1)
After the caudal edge of the septum is identified, dissection of septum can be facilitated using converse or tenotomy scissors for sharp dissection on either side for 2-3mm till a submucoperichondrial plane is reached. Once the plane is identified, further dissection is done using a sharp Freer elevator. Dissection may reach up to vomer and the entire bony septum. The dissection can be unilateral or bilateral depending on the septal deviation.
After the mucoperichondrium is freed unilaterally, the central part of the septum can be harvested by initially scoring dorsally and caudally, leaving enough cartilage for support of the tip and dorsum. Using a Cottle elevator, the scored cartilage is entered making sure that the contralateral mucoperichondrium is not perforated. The contralateral side is then dissected in the submucoperichondrial plane. The cartilage is further mobilized using a side sharp periosteal elevator to dislocate the cartilage from the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid and the vomer. The most adherent part is at the palatine crest. The central cartilage can be removed and any bony spurs and deviation can be trimmed using a rongeur. Generally a 10mm dorsal and caudal strut should be left behind for support.
If the mucoperichondrium is dissected bilaterally, harvesting the central cartilage will be easier. (Figure 2)
At this stage, any septal deviation and the internal valve can be corrected by several methods. Deviated dorsal struts can be corrected with a spreader graft. A deviated caudal strut can be corrected by scoring the concave side and fixing a support graft e.g. Septal Extension Graft (SEG).3,4 A tight internal valve can be widened by a spreader graft. (Figure 5) Quilt closure of the septal mucosa using vicryl 5-0 can be done at this stage or at a later stage of surgery when the tip is repositioned to the desired projection.
STRUCTURAL SEPTORHINOPLASTY: Achieving functionality with good form
Analysis of the Tip
Southeast Asian noses are usually bulbous which may be due to thick fatty skin and/or convex lower lateral cartilages (LLC). A bulbous tip can be corrected by cephalic trim for convex LLC. Using fine hooks or Brown Adson forceps, the LLC is retracted caudally and the cephalic border identified. A slim strip of LLC cartilage is incised using a blade 15 leaving at least 5-8mm of caudal LLC intact. The cephalic cartilage is then carefully raised from the mucosa. Avoid excessive cephalic trim because it may lead to depressed LLC consequently causing external valve collapse and rotation of the tip.2
Tip Suture Technique:
For LLC that do not have a defined dome, a domal suture can be done to achieve a sharper tip. Suturing is a simple mattress PDS 5-0 suture at the tip to bring closer the lateral and medial component of the dome. If further narrowing of the tip is required, both domes can be sutured at the cephalic side. Tip suturing does not project the tip; it just narrows the width of the tip.1 Subcutaneous fat can be trimmed if the final appearance of the tip is still bulbous. (Figure 3)
Tip Directions: Projection vs. De-projection and Rotation vs. Counter-rotation:
Most Asian nasal tips need projection and elongation (counter rotation).3 If minimal correction is needed then a columellar strut and a tip shield graft can be used. If major tip repositioning is required, then a Septal Extension Graft (SEG) or extended spreader graft is needed. The central harvested cartilage is sutured at the caudal strut of the septum using PDS 5-0. Fixation of the SEG needs 3-4 sutures. (Figure 4) Once the SEG is fixed to the desired position, the dome and medial crura can be sutured to the caudal end of the SEG using PDS 5-0.
Once the LC is fixed to the SEG, contoured tip grafts either from concha or septum can be used to further define the tip.
Once the tip is already at the desired position, a dorsal graft can be fashioned to blend the new tip with the radix. Dorsal grafts may be cartilage, silicon or expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE, popularly known as Gore-Tex®). (Figure 5)
Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) or Gore-Tex® has gained popularity because of its better aesthetic outcome. It was initially introduced in the market as sheets however recently many companies produced preformed e-PTFE of various shapes and sizes. This implant is now preferred because it is more natural looking and heals with tissue adhesion.5 Despite it being less visible as an implant, there are times that it may show under thin skin. In order to make the e-PTFE implant better looking, the sides of the implant should be cut and carved well to avoid cornering appearance. Make certain implant placement is midline and in full contact with undersurface. Since e-PTFE is soft, it is not used in tip support surgery. One dreadful complication of e-PTFE is infection. Infection can be avoided by diligently observing sterility, e.g. soaking the implant in gentamycin solution when not in use and avoidance of prolonged air exposure. The implant package should be opened only when it is time for insertion. The caudal edges of the implant should be clear of and away from the incision line since the incision wound can be the site of entry of microorganisms.
Trial closure is made and the tip is palpated. Additional tip grafts may be used for refinement. (Figure 6) The membranous and cartilaginous septal mucosa is then sutured using Vicryl 5-0 running quilt closure.
Closure of the transcolumellar incision starts first with subcutaneous fixation using vicryl 6-0 and skin closure using nylon 6-0. The marginal incision is closed using Vicryl 6-0 simple interrupted.
ADJUNCTIVE PROCEDURES FOR THE ALA
Majority of Southeast Asian Noses have a certain degree of hanging ala. The alar rim can be lifted by excision of a triangular piece of tissue in the inner lateral vestibular skin. The irregular triangular piece of skin tissue is shaped like a sail of a sailboat.6,7 The 2 sides are marked as the inner alar rim margin and a skin groove in the lateral vestibule area marked by transition of thin vibrissae to thick vibrissae. The defect is closed using nylon 6-0 simple interrupted. The alar rim skin is made to roll cephalically as a flap thus lifting the whole alar rim. (Figure 7) The sail excision is usually done as the first procedure in rhinoplasty in order to allow maximum flexibility of maneuvering the ala from marking, incision, excision and suturing.
A common feature also in Southeast Asian noses is the wide alar base and flared ala.3 The correction is a 3 dimensional approach wherein the sill can be excised via a wedge incision to narrow the base and if the wedge is extended laterally, the flaring can be corrected. (Figure 8)
The newly re-structured nose should look better before final closure. Palpation is important to detect minor defects. Everyone in the operating including the surgeon should be satisfied with the outcome. (Figure 9)
The new nose has to be taped with 3M™ Steri-Strip™ (St. Paul MN, USA) adhesive skin closures and covered with a thermal splint in order to control edema and fix the dorsal implant. Sutures and splint are removed after 5-7 days. (Figure 10)
27
POMORY, CHRISTOPHER M., JERRY H. CARPENTER, and JOHN H. WINTER. "Amphicutis stygobita, a new genus and new species of brittle star (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Ophiurida: Amphilepididae) found in Bernier Cave, an anchialine cave on San Salvador Island, Bahamas." Zootaxa 3133, no. 1 (December 16, 2011): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3133.1.3.
Full textAbstract:
Amphicutis stygobita is a new genus and new species of ophiuroid found in Bernier Cave, an anchialine cave on San Salvador Island, Bahamas. The species is small (disk diameter 3–4 mm) with short arms (2–2.5X disk diameter). Dorsal disk features include imbricated scales, and oval radial shields separated by a column of scales. Ventral disk features include imbricated scales, genital scales flat and thin, no bursal sacs, second tentacle pore of oral frame outside mouth slit, oral shields small ovals similar in appearance to disk scales, two to three oral papillae per jaw side with the proximal papillae usually in the infradental position, and ventral tooth at the apex of each jaw broadly rounded. The arms are the most distinctive feature. Dorsal arm plates are small diamond-oval shaped and separated from one another by a gap equal to the arm plate length. Ventral arm plates are small figure-8 shaped and separated from one another by a gap equal to the arm plate length. Lateral arm plates meet medially on dorsal and ventral sides and make up most of an arm segment. Each lateral arm plate bears two arm spines. Disk and arms are often formed by soft tissue outlining plates and scales, but lacking significant calcification. A raised skin persists after calcification, from which the genus name derives. The species is named for its aquatic cave-dwelling habit, apparently endemic to a single cave, and may be unique among ophiuroids in being restricted to a cave environment.
28
Isono, Takuya, Kensuke Kamoshida, Yusuke Satoh, Toshimitsu Takaoka, Shin-ichiro Sato, Toshifumi Satoh, and Toyoji Kakuchi. "Synthesis of Star- and Figure-Eight-Shaped Polyethers by t-Bu-P4-Catalyzed Ring-Opening Polymerization of Butylene Oxide." Macromolecules 46, no. 10 (May 17, 2013): 3841–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma4006654.
Full text
29
Katoono, Ryo, Hidetoshi Kawai, Kenshu Fujiwara, and Takanori Suzuki. "Chirality Sensing based on Changes in Conformation of Dynamic Terephthalamide Hosts: Propeller-, Double-arm-, and Figure-of-eight-shaped Hosts." Journal of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan 70, no. 6 (2012): 640–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.70.640.
Full text
30
Isono, Takuya, Yusuke Satoh, Kana Miyachi, Yougen Chen, Shin-ichiro Sato, Kenji Tajima, Toshifumi Satoh, and Toyoji Kakuchi. "Synthesis of Linear, Cyclic, Figure-Eight-Shaped, and Tadpole-Shaped Amphiphilic Block Copolyethers via t-Bu-P4-Catalyzed Ring-Opening Polymerization of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Glycidyl Ethers." Macromolecules 47, no. 9 (April 16, 2014): 2853–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma500494e.
Full text
31
Grossman, Jerome H. "Epilogue." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 3, no. 3 (July 1987): 419–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462300001239.
Full textAbstract:
“From a distant vantage the [Mandelbrot] set resembles a squat wart-covered figure eight lying on its side. The inside of the figure is ominously black. Surrounding it is a halo colored electric white, which gives way to deep blues and blacks in the outer reaches of the plane.Approaching the Mandelbrot set, one finds that each wart is a tiny figure shaped much like the parent set. Zooming in for a close look at one of the tiny figures, however, opens up an entirely different pattern: a riot of organic-looking tendrils and curlicues sweeps out in whorls and rows. Magnifying a curlicue reveals yet another scene: it is made up of pairs of whorls joined by bridges of filigree…, and in the center of these curlicues another version of the Mandelbrot set is found.The magnified version is not quite the same Mandelbrot set. As the zoom continues, such objects seem to reappear, but a closer look always turns up differences. Things go on this way forever, infinitely various and frighteningly lovely.” (4)
32
Степанова, Юлия Владимировна. "EARRINGS FROM ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES OF THE UPPER VOLGA OF THE XIV-XVIII CENTURIES." Вестник Тверского государственного университета. Серия: История, no. 1(57) (May 21, 2021): 41–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.26456/vthistory/2021.1.041-062.
Full textAbstract:
В статье характеризуются находки серег XIV-XVIII вв. из раскопок археологических памятников бассейна Верхней Волги. На основании конструкции автор выделяет серьги цельной (серьги в виде вопросительного знака) и составной конструкций (серьги с подвесками различных форм). Среди серег в виде вопросительного знака выделены украшения с коротким и удлинённым стержнем; из равномерной проволоки и с удлинённым стержнем из тонкой проволоки. Среди серег составной конструкции выделены украшения с подвесками в виде стержней (одинцы, двойчатки), серьги-голубцы, серьги с щитковыми и объёмными фигурными подвесками. Выявлены аналогии в изобразительном материале XIV-XIX вв. Высказано предположение, что серьги в виде вопросительного знака с удлиненным стержнем из тонкой проволоки могут датироваться второй половиной XVI - началом XVII в. The article describes the finds of earrings of the 14th-18th centuries from the excavations of the archaeological sites located in the basin of the Upper Volga. On the basis of the design, two groups of earrings are distinguished: a single construction (question mark shaped earrings) and a composite construction (earrings with suspensions of various shapes). Within the groups, types of earrings are distinguished by the features of the shape and decor of the suspension. The jewelry with a short and elongated rod; made of uniform wire and with elongated rod made of thin wire are among the question mark shaped earrings. The jewelry with suspensions in the form of rods (lids, doubles), earrings-«golubtsy», earrings with shield and volumetric figured suspensions are distinguished among the earrings of the composite costruction. A chronology of the individual finds is given. The analogies have been identified in the pictorial material of the 14th-19th centuries. It has been suggested that the question mark shaped earrings with an elongated rod of thin wire can date from the second half of the 16th - early 17th centuries. In women's dress, the earrings could be worn in two ways: in the ears and suspended from the headdress.
33
Gogol, Edward P., and Roderick A. Capaldi. "Subunit Arrangement of and Rearrangements in E. coli F1F0 ATP Synthase Determined by Cryoelectron Microscopy." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 1 (August 12, 1990): 240–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100179956.
Full textAbstract:
The F1F0 ATP synthase is the enzymatic complex which interconverts the electrochemical energy of the transmembrane proton gradient, generated by oxidative phosphorylation of metabolic substrates, into the energy currency of ATP. In doing so, it reversibly couples transmembrane proton flow to the catalysis of the high energy terminal phosphate bond of ATP. Even the simplest example of the enzyme, the bacterial F1F0, is a complex assembly of eight subunits in non-unit stoichiometry, five making up the catalytic F1 portion (α3β3γδε) and three the F0, the proton channel (a b2c10‒12) We are attempting to understand the role of subunit interactions in the coupling phenomenon and the catalytic mechanism, which exhibits an extraordinarily high degree of allosteric cooperativity.Three-dimensional reconstruction of negatively stained arrays of the F1 has shown it to be a hexagonal barrel-shaped structure; cryoelectron microscopy of unstained, frozen-hydrated specimens (figure 1a) has revealed an interior cavity partially occluded by an internal structure.Immunolabelling with monoclonal Fab fragments to the α subunit, followed by alignment and averaging of cryoelectron images, has demonstrated the alternating αβ arrangement of subunits around the periphery of the F1. The internal structure has also been localized next to one of the (catalytic) β subunits (see figure 2a,b). Addition of Fab fragments to the carboxy-terminal part of the (single-copy) γ subunit preserves the characteristic triangular appearance and uniform orientation of the Fl-Fab complexes (figure lb).Averages of these images place the additional density of the label at the periphery of the structure, superimposed on a β subunit (figure 2c). Surprisingly, similar results are obtained with readily-binding monoclonal antibodies to each of the single-copy subunits.
34
Liu, Wangta, Chi-Hsin Hsu, Yi-Ren Hong, Shu-Chuan Wu, Chun-Hsiung Wang, Yi-Min Wu, Chia-Ben Chao, and Chan-Shing Lin. "Early endocytosis pathways in SSN-1 cells infected by dragon grouper nervous necrosis virus." Journal of General Virology 86, no. 9 (September 1, 2005): 2553–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.81021-0.
Full textAbstract:
Many fish undergo betanodavirus infection. To study the infection process of dragon grouper nervous necrosis virus (DGNNV), native virus and virus-like particles (VLPs) were used to analyse the binding and internalization in SSN-1 cells. The binding of DGNNV and VLPs to SSN-1 cells was demonstrated using Western blotting and immunofluorescence microscopy. As estimated by indirect ELISA, the DGNNV particles bound SSN-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner up to 8×104 particles per cell. The binding of VLPs was sensitive to neuraminidase and tunicamycin, suggesting that cell-surface sialic acid is involved in binding. The penetration of DGNNV into cells, which was monitored by electron microscopy, appeared to occur mainly via the spherical pit and membrane ruffling pathways. Occasionally, a spherical pit was engulfed by membrane ruffling so as to form a large figure-of-eight-shaped vesicle with an open connection. Our observations suggest that DGNNV utilizes both micro- and macropinocytosis pathways to enter SSN-1 cells.
35
Pan, S. J., A. Shih, W. S. Liou, M. S. Park, G. Wang, B. A. Bohne, S. P. Newberry, H. Kim, and P. C. Cheng. "Recent Development of Cone-Beam X-Ray Microtomography at Sunyab." Microscopy and Microanalysis 3, S2 (August 1997): 1125–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600012514.
Full textAbstract:
An experimental X-ray cone-beam microtomographic imaging system utilizing a generalized Feldkamp reconstruction algorithm has been developed in our laboratory. This microtomographic imaging system consists of a conventional dental X-ray source (Aztech 65, Boulder, CO), a sample position and rotation stage, an X-ray scintillation phosphor screen, and a high resolution slow scan cooled CCD camera (Kodak KAF 1400). A generalized Feldkamp cone-beam algorithm was used to perform tomographic reconstruction from cone-beam projection data. This algorithm was developed for various hardware configuration to perform reconstruction of spherical, rod-shaped and plate-like specimen.A test sample consists of 8 glass beads (approx. 800μm in diameter) dispersed in an epoxy-filled #0 gelatin capsule. One hundred X-ray projection images were captured equal angularly (at 3.6 degree spacing) by the cooled CCD camera at a of 1317×967 (17×17mm2) pixels with 12-bit dynamic range. Figure 1 shows a 3D isosurface rendering of the test sample. The eight glass beads and trapped air bubbles (arrows) in the epoxy resin (e) are clearly visible.
36
Parkins, D. W. "Measurement of Oil Film Journal Bearing Damping Coefficients—An Extension of the Selected Orbit Technique." Journal of Tribology 117, no. 4 (October 1, 1995): 696–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2831539.
Full textAbstract:
This paper describes a novel experimental procedure for measuring the four velocity or damping coefficients of an Oil Film Journal Bearing from imposed dynamic orbits. All four damping coefficients are derived from one imposed journal center dynamic orbit and, therefore, may be regarded as being obtained at the same time. The method requires the production of a “figure of eight” shaped orbit and utilizes the “cross-over” point therein. Coefficients are initially evaluated in a coordinate system which is chosen to align with the designated parts of the measured orbit. Each coefficient is then separately evaluated from single values of instantaneous imposed force and resulting journal center velocity. Coefficients are then converted into any other desired axes system. All the benefits of the original selected orbit technique are retained. The presented method places much less severe demands on experimental procedure. An available example illustrates the technique. A realistic uncertainty analysis for this example is included. Indications are provided which show how the orbit features may be adjusted to substantially reduce uncertainty.
37
Cingi, Cemal, and Murat Songu. "Triple Cartilage Combining Suture Technique in Rhinoplasty." American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy 25, no. 6 (November 2011): 429–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/ajra.2011.25.3678.
Full textAbstract:
Background The nasal tip position and shape is critical to the overall view of the external nose and is significant in planning rhinoplasty procedures. This study was designed to review our experience in nasal tip surgery and to describe our own version of the suture technique in patients having endonasal rhinoplasty. Methods The technique is typically used in combination with other septorhinoplasty maneuvers to achieve the desired functional and cosmetic result. A telephone survey is designed aiming to give general information about the technique's outcomes. Results Our technique reduces excess columellar show and provides adjustable controlled nasal tip rotation and projection. The survey conducted among patients followed > 1 year revealed that most patients (84 of 96) were very to completely satisfied with the appearance and symmetry of their nose. Of these 84 patients, 48 were very satisfied and 36 were completely satisfied with the result. Two patients who required revision surgery were somewhat and moderately satisfied. Conclusion We present this technique to share our experience in modifying the widely accepted “tongue-in-groove” technique in septorhinoplasty. The figure eight-shaped suture, which avoids making the nose too stiff, is the main difference of our method.
38
Rambukwella, Harshana. "Locations of Authenticity: S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike of Sri Lanka and the Search for Indigeneity." Journal of Asian Studies 76, no. 2 (January 30, 2017): 383–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911816002047.
Full textAbstract:
Visions of a grand hydraulic civilization and a pastoral ideal of paddy cultivation–based village life have shaped Sinhala nationalist discourse since the late nineteenth century. Derived from colonial sociology, the local political elite fashioned these ideas into a discourse of Sinhala authenticity that positioned themselves as legitimate representatives of the people while simultaneously placing them as custodians of national culture. However, this was a fraught dynamic given the elites’ highly Anglicized nature and their inability to maintain control over this discourse in the face of wider participation in public culture in the first half of the twentieth century. S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike, who became prime minister in 1956, eight years after Sri Lanka gained independence from British rule, is popularly seen as one of the few elite politicians of the late colonial period who sought to engage substantively in mass-based politics and is remembered as a heroic anti-colonial figure. This article explores the contradictions and ironies in Bandaranaike's turn to indigeneity and the political and cultural implications of this turn. It also briefly discusses authenticity's continued resonance in contemporary Sri Lanka.
39
Hayati, M., AS Abdipour, and AR Abdipour. "A novel compact lowpass filter with sharp roll-off and wide stopband." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 12, no. 1 (August 8, 2019): 21–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s175907871900103x.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractIn this paper, a microstrip lowpass filter adopting two main resonators with steep transition band and wide rejection band has been introduced. The first main resonance cell consists of meandered transmission lines which are loaded by modified T-shaped patches. The second main resonator is composed of high-impedance lines loaded by polygon patches. To obtain a steep skirt performance, the first and second resonators have been combined. Moreover, employing eight high–low impedance folded stubs and two rectangular open-stubs as suppressing cells has resulted in improving the stopband features. To comprehend the frequency behavior of the employed resonators and also their combination, the formulas of the transmission coefficient, reflection coefficient, and the transmission zeros of their equivalent LC circuits have been extracted, separately. According to the measurement results, the −3 dB operating frequency of this filter is 1.65 GHz. Moreover, a relative stopband bandwidth equal to 166% with a corresponding attenuation level of 23 dB and a sharp roll-off rate (393.61 dB/GHz) have been achieved. In the passband region from DC to 1.632 GHz, the insertion loss and return loss are better than 0.0763 and 15.85 dB, respectively, proving an acceptable in-band performance. Finally, the implemented structure brings about a high figure-of-merit equal to 81 672.
40
Weber, B., and S. J. Braddy. "A marginal marine ichnofauna from the Blaiklock Glacier Group (?Lower Ordovician) of the Shackleton Range, Antarctica." Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences 94, no. 1 (March 2003): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026359330000050x.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTA diverse arthropod-dominated ichnofauna, associated with a poorly preserved crustacean fauna and soft-bodied ?medusoid impressions, is described from the Blaiklock Glacier Group of the north-western Shackleton Range (Coats Land), Antarctica. The ichnofauna consists of Asaphoidichnus, Beaconites, Didymaulichnus, Diplichnites, Gordia, ?Laevicyclus, Merostomichnites, Monomorphichnus, Palaeophycus, Planolites, Rusophycus, Selenichnites, and Taphrhelminthoides (ichnogen nov.). Three new ichnotaxa are recognised: Taphrhelminthoides antarcticus n. ichnogen. et ichnosp. is a bilobate trail, composed of two parallel flat lobes, separated by a median ridge with a characteristic figure-of-eight pattern. Merostomichnites gracilis n. ichnosp. is characterised by its proportions (external:internal width ratio >3) and series of 10 to 12, thin, linear tracks. Selenichnites antarcticus n. ichnosp. is characterised by small elongate horseshoe-shaped marks, the medial portion showing three to five transverse scratch-marks.The palaeoenvironment is interpreted as extremely shallow marine water, possibly a tide-dominated estuary, based on sedimentological evidence and the composition of the ichnofauna. Radiometric and palaeomagnetic data indicate that this assemblage is Lower Ordovician in age, representing the first autochthonous Ordovician fossiliferous succession to be described from Antarctica. The succession shows several sedimentological and palaeontological similarities with the basal units of the Ordovician Table Mountain Group in South Africa, supporting palaeogeographic models placing the Palaeozoic Blaiklock basin close to the Ordovician Table Mountain basin.
41
Hwang, Seonhong, Yen-Sheng Lin, Nathan S. Hogaboom, Lin-Hwa Wang, and Alicia M. Koontz. "Relationship between linear velocity and tangential push force while turning to change the direction of the manual wheelchair." Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik 62, no. 4 (August 28, 2017): 439–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bmt-2015-0173.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractWheelchair propulsion is a major cause of upper limb pain and injuries for manual wheelchair users with spinal cord injuries (SCIs). Few studies have investigated wheelchair turning biomechanics on natural ground surfaces. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between tangential push force and linear velocity of the wheelchair during the turning portions of propulsion. Using an instrumented handrim, velocity and push force data were recorded for 25 subjects while they propel their own wheelchairs on a concrete floor along a figure-eight-shaped course at a maximum velocity. The braking force (1.03 N) of the inside wheel while turning was the largest of all other push forces (p<0.05). Larger changes in squared velocity while turning were significantly correlated with higher propulsive and braking forces used at the pre-turning, turning, and post-turning phases (p<0.05). Subjects with less change of velocity while turning needed less braking force to maneuver themselves successfully and safely around the turns. Considering the magnitude and direction of tangential force applied to the wheel, it seems that there are higher risks of injury and instability for upper limb joints when braking the inside wheel to turn. The results provide insight into wheelchair setup and mobility skills training for wheelchair users.
42
Wong, Andrew LY, Kevin KH Wong, Kam Kwong Wong, and Wing Cheung Wong. "The “invisible” wiring technique for displaced fracture patella." Journal of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Rehabilitation 27, no. 2 (September 2, 2020): 252–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2210491720950327.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Operative treatment of displaced patella fracture dates back to Lister in 1877. Nowadays, steel wires remain the material of choice in tension band technique despite complications such as wire breakage, suboptimal placement, or skin impingement. We propose using a high-tensile strength braided tape-shaped polyblend suture (FiberTape®, Arthrex, Naples, Florida, USA) as an alternative that could minimize complications related to steel wires. Method: Between February 2014 and April 2018, 15 patients with displaced patella fractures (three distal pole, five transverse, and seven comminuted fractures) underwent our proposed method. Open fracture reduction was performed to optimize anatomy before figure-of-eight fixation with FiberTape®. An Ethibond-2 suture was also added as cerclage for stability. Postoperatively, an extension brace was given for wound resting, before progressing to mobilization exercises with a hinge-knee brace. At follow-ups, the knee’s range-of-motion (ROM), along with bone healing status from radiographs, was assessed. Results: The mean operation time was 84.5 min, and all surgeries were performed or supervised by the same senior surgeon. Eight patients were discharged from follow-up (mean follow-up of 9.9 months) after achieving good ROM and fracture healing. One patient defaulted, and the remaining is still being followed-up. There was no wound complication or knot impingement in all cases. One patient required manipulation under anesthesia due to stiffness, and one experienced malunion due to poor compliance to rehabilitation protocol. Conclusion: Fixation using a high-tensile strength braided suture may be an equally effective method in the management of displaced patella fracture. However, larger sample size is useful to provide a more definitive conclusion.
43
Phipps, Barry M., Angelika Alber, Karl O. Stetter, Friedrich Lottspeich, and Wolfgang Baumeister. "An Unusual Large Protein Complex With Eight-Fold Symmetry is a Major Cellular Component of Thermophilic Archaebacteria." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 1 (August 12, 1990): 286–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100180185.
Full textAbstract:
Thermophilic archaebacteria produce several large cytoplasmic protein complexes which can be subdivided into recognizable types on the basis of their appearance in the electron microscope. One example is the multicatalytic proteinase (MCP) of Thermoplasma acidophilum, which is related to the mammalian MCP. We have been studying a large ring-shaped protein complex with striking 8-fold symmetry which we have so far identified in two species of Pyrodictium and in Thermoplasma acidophilum (Figs. 1,2). A similar complex appears to exist in Sulfolobus and Archaeoglobus. All of these organisms are thermophilic archaebacteria, with growth temperature optima ranging from 60°C to 105°C, but they nevertheless span a large phylogenetic distance. In Pyrodictium and Thermoplasma the complex constitutes a major fraction of the total cellular protein. Negatively-stained complexes from Pyrodictium brockii adopt 2 different orientations with respect to the carbon film, producing 2 distinct views which we designate “end-on” (ring-shaped) and “side-on” (striated) (Figs. 1, 2). The complexes exhibit some tendency to associate in short chains, especially when in the side-on orientation. The structure was examined by separately selecting end-on and side-on views and subjecting them to single particle averaging via correlation methods using the EM and Semper programme systems. An average of end-on views, shown in Figure 3, reveals 8 well-defined uniformly spaced centres of mass arranged in a ring around a central stain-filled hole. Side-on views were less frequently found and rather more variable in appearance. However a satisfactory average was obtained with particles extracted from several micrographs (Fig. 4). The complex in this orientation has 2-fold rotational symmetry around an axis perpendicular to the plane of the image and passing through the centre of the complex. While the upper and lower halves of the image appear to be mirror symmetric, this cannot be the case for chiral protein molecules. The upper and lower halves each consist of 2 strong masses in the centre and 2 weak masses peripherally. We interpret these observations in terms of a complex composed of 2 stacked disks each comprising 8 roughly ellipsoidal subunits arrayed around a central channel, as shown in Fig, 5. The overall shape of the complex is that of a cylinder 16 nm in diameter and 15.5 nm in height.The complex was purified from membrane-free French press lysates of Pyrodictium occultum cells by DEAE-Sephacel chromatography, resolution of the eluted protein on sucrose-glycerol and glycerol gradients, and chromatography on a Mono-S column. The purified complex produces 2 bands of approximately equal staining intensity at Mr ca. 60,000 in SDS-PAGE. Based on the dimensions of the particle derived from the above averages, one can estimate the molecular mass to be in the range of 1.1-2.0 × 106. A complex composed of 16 subunits of mass 60,000 would have an Mr of 1.0 × 106, suggesting that the subunits visualized in the model could be monomers or dimers of these polypeptides. The NH2-terminal amino acid sequence of an internal tryptic peptide from one of the polypeptides is: (asp)-(val)-glu-asn-ala-tyr-ile-val-leu-leu-asp-ala-pro-leu-glu-val-glu-lys. It bears no homology to known protein sequences. The purified complex has a moderate ATPase activity at 85°C in the presence of Mg2+. We have not yet been able to assign a function to the complex, but we note that groE and hsp60, the E. coli and mitochondrial chaperonins which appear to catalyze correct protein folding during heat stress and protein assembly and secretion, are both large ring-shaped complexes possessing ATPase activity and are composed of polypeptides of Mr 60.000. Although the symmetry of the archaebacterial complexes is different (groE and hsp70 have 7-fold symmetry), we speculate that they might serve a constitutive chaperonin function in thermophilic archaebacteria. Current studies are aimed at determining the 3D structure of the complex from Pyrodictium, assaying it for chaperonin-like activity, and analysing the sequences of proteolytic peptide fragments to ascertain if homology exists with chaperonins or other known proteins.
44
Cati, Dilovan S., and Helen Stoeckli-Evans. "Crystal structure of a pyrazine-2,3-dicarboxamide ligand and of its silver(I) nitrate complex, a three-dimensional coordination polymer." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 73, no. 6 (May 5, 2017): 798–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989017006387.
Full textAbstract:
The title ligand, C18H16N6O2·2H2O (L1) [N2,N3-bis(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)pyrazine-2,3-dicarboxamide], crystallized as a dihydrate. The molecule is U-shaped with the carboxamide groups beingcisto one another, making a dihedral angle of 81.6 (5)°. The terminal pyridine rings are inclined to one another by 58.5 (4)°. There is an intramolecular N—H...Npyrazinehydrogen bond present, forming anS(5) ring motif. In the crystal, adjacent molecules are linked by N—H...Ocarboxamidehydrogen bonds, forming a chain along [001]. A chain of hydrogen-bonded water molecules is linked to the chain of (L1) molecules by O—H...N hydrogen bonds, forming columns propagating along thecaxis. The columns are linked by C—H...O and C—H...N hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional supramolecular structure. The reaction of ligand (L1) with silver(I) nitrate led to the formation of a new three-dimensional coordination polymer, {[Ag(C18H16N6O2)]NO3}n, poly[[[μ4-N2,N3-bis(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)pyrazine-2,3-dicarboxamide]silver(I)] nitrate] (I). The asymmetric unit is composed of half of one silver ion, located on a twofold rotation axis, half a ligand molecule and half a positionally disordered nitrate anion located about a twofold rotation axis. The full molecule of the ligand is generated by twofold rotational symmetry, with this twofold axis bisecting the Car—Carbonds of the pyrazine ring and the Ag—Ag bond. The carboxamide groups are nowtransto one another, making a dihedral angle of 65.8 (4)°. The two terminal pyridine rings are inclined to one another by 6.6 (3)°. Two ligands wrap around an Ag—Ag bond of 3.1638 (11) Å, forming a figure-of-eight-shaped complex molecule. Each silver ion is coordinated by two pyridine N atoms and by two carboxamide O atoms of neighbouring molecules, hence forming a three-dimensional framework. The nitrate anion is linked to the framework by N—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds.
45
Warth, Ryan J., Polina Matre, Adam Kozemchak, Dylan N. Supak, Johnny Huard, Christopher D. Harner, and James M. Gregory. "The Subacromial Bursa is a Viable Source of Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Rotator Cuff Repair." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 7, no. 7_suppl5 (July 2019): 2325967119S0027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967119s00279.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives: Chronic rotator cuff tears still represent a significant source of morbidity and functional decline in the general population. The purpose of this study was to establish protocols for isolation and expansion of bursa-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BDSCs) and to evaluate their differentiation capacity, including tenogenesis. We hypothesized that BDSCs would be capable of multilineage differentiation (including tenogenesis) and represent an important source for autologous stem cells for patients undergoing rotator cuff repair. Methods: After IRB approval, 10 patients (ages 43-65 years) scheduled to undergo arthroscopic repair for chronic rotator cuff tears were enrolled. During diagnostic arthroscopy, subacromial bursa tissue was harvested using an arthroscopic shaver and collected by attaching the outflow tubing to a specialized specimen cup. Tissue specimens were transported to our laboratory for analysis. BDSCs were isolated via adherent culture and plated in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS). Chondrogenic, adipogenic, and osteogenic induction media were used to induce differentiation. Tenogenic induction was performed using DMEM supplemented with varying concentrations of BMP-12, ascorbic acid, and human tenocyte-conditioned media. Alcian Blue staining was used to evaluate chondrogenesis, Oil Red O staining for adipogenesis, and Alkaline Phosphatase staining for osteogenesis. Gene expression markers for adipogenesis (ADIPOQ, FABP4, PPARγ), chondrogenesis (COL2A1 and SOX5), and osteogenesis (osteocalcin, osterix), along with primary antibodies to tenogenic markers (scleraxis, tenomodulin), were used to verify each cell lineage. Results: BDSCs isolated by adherent culture without collagen exhibited a spindle-shaped morphology characteristic of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), formed colonies, and demonstrated great expandability for six to eight passages without morphology changes (Figure 1A). After 3 weeks of culture, 95% (p<0.0001) of the BDSCs expressed the MSC surface marker CD90 and were negative for non-MSC cell markers (CD45, CD146, CD31, and CD34) (Figure 1B and C). These BDSCs demonstrated a capacity for adipogenesis (positive Oil Red O staining, ADIPOQ, FABP4, PPARγ expression), osteogenesis (positive alkaline phosphatase staining, positive osteocalcin and scleraxis expression), chondrogenesis (positive Alcian Blue staining, positive COL2A1 and SOX5 expression), and tenogenesis (scleraxis and tenomodulin expression) (Figure 2). The results indicate that BDSCs are multipotent as evidenced by their differentiation into fat, bone, cartilage, and tendon cells. For tenogenesis, we found that 7-day incubation in DMEM supplemented with 100 ng/mL of BMP-12 and 50 μg/mL of ascorbic acid produced superior tenogenic induction. These BDSCs adapted an elongated morphology combined with the expression of both scleraxis and tenomodulin - a unique characteristic of native tenocytes. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that subacromial bursa represents a viable source of mesenchymal stem cells. We developed a reliable protocol for isolation of BDSCs from patient bursa samples. We show that BDSCs in the presence of BMP-12 and ascorbic acid can differentiate toward a tenogenic lineage. Our work provides strong evidence that BDSCs may be a potent tool for cellular therapy and may benefit future patients who undergo surgical repair of chronic rotator cuff tears. [Figure: see text][Figure: see text]
46
Guo, Li, and Zhou. "Study of a Null-Flux Coil Electrodynamic Suspension Structure for Evacuated Tube Transportation." Symmetry 11, no. 10 (October 3, 2019): 1239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11101239.
Full textAbstract:
This paper focuses on the study of a null-flux coil electrodynamic suspension structure for evacuated tube transportation (ETT). A Maglev system in evacuated tubes is a promising concept for high speed transportation systems, and the design of levitation structure is a critical part among the subsystems. The whole system with functions of levitation, guidance, and propulsion is proposed in this paper, and the utilization of magnetic fields from both sides of magnets makes the system simple. The figure eight shaped null-flux coil suspension structure is adopted to provide a high levitation-drag ratio. The equivalent circuit model of the null-flux coil structure is established by employing the dynamic circuit theory. Based on the determination of the mutual inductance between the null-flux coil and the moving magnet, electromagnetic forces are calculated through an energy method. The validity of the dynamic circuit model is verified by comparing the calculation with the 3D finite element analysis (FEM) results, and the working principle of the null-flux coil structure is described. The effects of vehicle speed and the time constant of the coil on the electromagnetic forces are studied at the bottom level of force impulses in one coil and verified by FEM simulation. The characteristics of electrodynamic forces as functions of the magnet speed, the vertical displacements, and the lateral displacements are investigated based on the dynamic circuit theory, and the levitation-drag ratio is compared with that of plate type structure. The results show that the proposed structure is a promising option for application in ETT, and the following study will focus on the dynamic research of the electrodynamic suspension (EDS) system.
47
Reinaud, Jean N., and Xavier Carton. "Existence, stability and formation of baroclinic tripoles in quasi-geostrophic flows." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 785 (November 11, 2015): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2015.614.
Full textAbstract:
Hetons are baroclinic vortices able to transport tracers or species, which have been observed at sea. This paper studies the offset collision of two identical hetons, often resulting in the formation of a baroclinic tripole, in a continuously stratified quasi-geostrophic model. This process is of interest since it (temporarily or definitely) stops the transport of tracers contained in the hetons. First, the structure, stationarity and nonlinear stability of baroclinic tripoles composed of an upper core and two lower (symmetric) satellites are studied analytically for point vortices and numerically for finite-area vortices. The condition for stationarity of the point vortices is obtained and it is proven that the baroclinic point tripoles are neutral. Finite-volume stationary tripoles exist with marginal states having very elongated (figure-of-eight shaped) upper cores. In the case of vertically distant upper and lower cores, the latter can nearly join near the centre of the plane. These steady states are compared with their two-layer counterparts. Then, the nonlinear evolution of the steady states shows when they are often neutral (showing an oscillatory evolution); when they are unstable, they can either split into two hetons (by breaking of the upper core) or form a single heton (by merger of the lower satellites). These evolutions reflect the linearly unstable modes which can grow on the vorticity poles. Very tall tripoles can break up vertically due to the vertical shear mutually induced by the poles. Finally, the formation of such baroclinic tripoles from the offset collision of two identical hetons is investigated numerically. This formation occurs for hetons offset by less than the internal separation between their poles. The velocity shear during the interaction can lead to substantial filamentation by the upper core, thus forming small upper satellites, vertically aligned with the lower ones. Finally, in the case of close and flat poles, this shear (or the baroclinic instability of the tripole) can be strong enough that the formed baroclinic tripole is short-lived and that hetons eventually emerge from the collision and drift away.
48
Khlyzova, T. A. "The number of insects of midges complex and ratio of its various components in the forest-steppe zone of the Tyumen Region." Russian Journal of Parasitology 15, no. 1 (March 11, 2021): 62–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/1998-8435-2021-15-1-62-70.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the research is comparing abundance levels of blood-sucking dipterans in the forest-steppe zone of the Tyumen Region for 8 years with different meteorological conditions.Materials and methods. The studies were carried out in 2006 and 2013–2019 in vicinity of the villages of Isetskoe and Barkhatovo, Isetsky District, Tyumen Region. Tabanid flies were collected and counted using funnel-shaped traps permanently on the same pasture on a regular basis once every 5–7 days during the entire emergence period. When counting the number of mosquitoes, midges and sandflies, we used a net with removable bags. Each count included 10 sweeps with a motion of the figure eight "around itself" in 10 replications.Results and discussion. The abundance of blood-sucking dipterans is largely determined by natural and climatic conditions and a hydrological regime of rivers, and is liable to significant fluctuations. The maximum abundance of gnats was recorded in 2014, the minimum in 2006. In comparing the average number for seasons with maximum and minimum abundance, a difference of 3.7 times was found. The abundance level and ratio of individual components of the midges complex depending on the season also underwent significant changes. In collected insects, midges dominated in 2006 and 2014, and mosquitoes in 2013 and in 2015–2019. Meteorological and hydrological conditions in winter and spring had the biggest impact on the abundance level of insects of the midges complex. Fluctuations in the abundance were 9 times for mosquitoes, 20 times for tabanid flies, and 39 times for midges and sandflies depending on the season. The main limiting factors for mass development of blood-sucking Diptera in the forest-steppe zone of the Tyumen Region are hard and dry winters which cause death of some insects at the preimaginal stages in development, as well as sharp changes in air temperature in the spring-summer period and small areas of breeding places.
49
Zou, Y. W., C. Chen, Q. Zhang, S. Y. Lian, K. M. Yang, Y. H. Xu, J. Lin, J. D. Ma, Y. Y. Zou, and L. Dai. "POS0539 PAIN IS AN INDEPENDENT ASSOCIATED FACTOR ON FUNCTIONAL LIMITATION IN CHINESE PATIENTS WITH EARLY RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 503.2–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2291.
Full textAbstract:
Background:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a leading cause of extremity disability in Chinese female population according to 2006 national survey. However, less epidemiological data about functional limitation in Chinese RA patients have been published.Objectives:To investigate the prevalence, characteristics and associated factors of functional limitation in Chinese RA patients.Methods:Consecutive patients with RA were recruited. The demographic and clinical data were collected including indicators of disease activity, functional assessment and radiographic assessment. According to Health Assessment Questionnaire Disease Index (HAQ-DI), functional limitation was defined as: mild (0 < HAQ-DI ≤ 1), moderate (1 < HAQ-DI ≤ 2), and severe (2 < HAQ-DI ≤ 3).Results:There were 643 RA patients recruited with 82.3% female and mean age 49.7 ± 12.9 years. The median (IQR) of total HAQ-DI was 0.25 (0.00-0.75) and there were 399 (62.1%) RA patients with functional limitation including 293 (45.6%), 73 (11.4%), 33 (5.1%) with mild, moderate, and severe functional limitation, respectively. The highest prevalence of functional limitation subdimension was ‘‘walking’’ (43.5%), followed by “grip” (36.1%), ‘‘reach’’ (35.5%), ‘‘common daily activities’’ (33.4%), ‘‘hygiene’’ (33.0%), ‘‘dressing and grooming’’ (29.7%), ‘‘arising’’ (29.1%), while the lowest was ‘‘eating’’ (18.4%). Further age stratification showed that the prevalence of functional limitation was increased with age (P < 0.001), but no difference between male and female RA patients (58.8% vs. 62.8%, P = 0.426). The prevalence of functional limitation of RA patients with disease duration < 1 years (early), 1-10 years (intermediate) and ≥ 10 years (long) were 70.2%, 55.9% and 74.5% respectively, showing a U-shaped curve (Figure 1A), which indicated that early RA also had high rate of functional limitation. Furthermore, early RA patients had the highest proportion of severe functional limitation (14.3% vs. 2.0% vs. 8.7%, Figure 1B), together with higher prevalence of functional limitation of all eight subdimension than those with intermediate disease duration (P < 0.05, Figure 1C). There were significant differences in Pain VAS, indicators of disease activity, functional and radiographic assessment among RA patients with different disease duration. Compared with those with intermediate disease duration, early RA patients had higher Pain VAS, higher disease activity indicator (including ESR, CRP, CDAI), higher HAQ-DI, but lower radiographic indicators (all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in disease activity and functional indicators between early RA patients and those with long disease duration. Multivariate ordered logistic regression analysis showed that Pain VAS (OR = 2.116, 95% CI: 1.483-3.019), disease activity indicators [including CRP (OR = 1.047, 95% CI: 1.011-1.084) and CDAI (OR = 1.128, 95% CI: 1.054-1.208)] were associated factors of functional limitation in early RA patients.Figure 1.The prevalence of function limitation in RA patients. (A) The prevalence of functional limitation in different disease duration groups of RA patients. (B) The different degrees of functional limitation in different disease duration groups of RA patients. (C) The subdimension characteristics of functional limitation in different disease duration groups of RA patients.Conclusion:Near two third early RA patients have functional limitation, in which both pain and active disease are independent associated factors. Management of pain and target treatment in early RA patients should be emphasized.Fund program:National Natural Science Foundation of China (81801605, 81801606, 81971527); Guangdong Natural Science Foundation (2018A030313541, 2018A030313690, 2019A1515011928); Guangzhou Science and Technology Program (201904010088); Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2020A1515110061); Guangdong Medical Scientific Research Foundation (A2018062)Disclosure of Interests:None declared
50
Terao, Yasuo, Hideki Fukuda, Yoshikazu Ugawa, Okihide Hikosaka, Ritsuko Hanajima, Toshiaki Furubayashi, Katsuyuki Sakai, Satoru Miyauchi, Yuka Sasaki, and Ichiro Kanazawa. "Visualization of the Information Flow Through Human Oculomotor Cortical Regions by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation." Journal of Neurophysiology 80, no. 2 (August 1, 1998): 936–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.80.2.936.
Full textAbstract:
Terao, Yasuo, Hideki Fukuda, Yoshikazu Ugawa, Okihide Hikosaka, Ritsuko Hanajima, Toshiaki Furubayashi, Katsuyuki Sakai, Satoru Miyauchi, Yuka Sasaki, and Ichiro Kanazawa. Visualization of the information flow through human oculomotor cortical regions by transcranial magnetic stimulation. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 936–946, 1998. We investigated the topography of human cortical activation during an antisaccade task by focal transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). We used a figure-eight shaped coil, with the stimulus intensity set just above the threshold for activation of the hand motor areas but weak enough not to elicit blinks. TMS was delivered at various time intervals (80, 100, and 120 ms) after target presentation over various sites on the scalp while the subjects performed the antisaccade task. It was possible to elicit a mild but significant delay in saccade onset over 1) the frontal regions (a region 2–4 cm anterior and 2–4 cm lateral to hand motor area) and 2) posterior parietal regions (6–8 cm posterior and 0–4 cm lateral to hand motor area) regardless of which hemisphere was stimulated. The frontal regions were assumed to correspond to a cortical region including the frontal eye fields (FEFs), whereas the parietal regions were assumed to represent a wide region that includes the posterior parietal cortices (PPCs). The regions inducing the delay shifted from the posterior parietal regions at an earlier interval (80 ms) to the frontal regions at a later interval (100 ms), which suggested an information flow from posterior to anterior cortical regions during the presaccadic period. At 120 ms, the effect of TMS over the frontal regions still persisted but was greatly diminished. Erroneous prosaccades to the presented target were elicited over a wide cortical region including the frontal and posterior parietal regions, which again showed a forward shift with time. However, the distribution of effective regions exhibited a clear contralateral predominance in terms of saccade direction. Our technique provides a useful method not only for detecting the topography of cortical regions active during saccadic eye movement, but also for constructing a physiological map to visualize the temporal evolution of functional activities in the relevant cortical regions.