Journal articles: 'Fiji Economy'

1

Prasad, Biman Chand. "Fiji Economy: Muddling Through." Round Table 101, no. 6 (December 2012): 557–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00358533.2012.749096.

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Khan, Mohsin, Rup Singh, Arvind Patel, and Devendra Kumar Jain. "An examination of house price bubble in the real estate sector: the case of a small island economy – Fiji." International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis 14, no. 4 (February 25, 2021): 745–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhma-05-2020-0056.

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Purpose This paper aims to assess the equilibrium house price in the city of Suva (Fiji) and to analyse the house price bubble in the Fiji housing market. Design/methodology/approach This paper adopts a time series approach to determine the presence of house price bubbles in Fiji over the period from 1988 to 2018. Findings The findings suggest that real income, land cost, building material price, inflation rate, volatility, household size and wealth have a positive impact on house prices, whereas user cost of capital and political disturbances have a negative impact. The findings further indicate that the Fijis’ housing market does not constitute any house price bubble. Practical implications This paper draws policy implications for a small developing state (Fiji) and other similar economies. Originality/value The price bubble in the Fiji housing market is analysed for the first time. This paper develops a comprehensive empirical approach to assess the equilibrium-housing price in Fiji.

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Cole, R. V. "FIJI: An economy in transition?" Journal of Pacific History 28, no. 3 (December 1993): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223349308572749.

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Sutherland, William. "The New Political Economy of Fiji." Pacific Viewpoint 30, no. 2 (October 1989): 132–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apv.302004.

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Cole, R. V. "The Fiji Economy: From Go to Woe." Pacific Viewpoint 30, no. 2 (October 1989): 154–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apv.302006.

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Cameron, John. "Fiji: the political economy of recent events." Capital & Class 11, no. 3 (November 1987): 29–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030981688703300103.

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Maharaj, Jagdish C., and Mahendra Reddy. "Young Stroke Mortality in Fiji Islands: An Economic Analysis of National Human Capital Resource Loss." ISRN Neurology 2012 (June 21, 2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/802785.

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Introduction. The objective of this study was to perform an economic analysis in terms of annual national human capital resource loss from young stroke mortality in Fiji. The official retirement age is 55 years in Fiji. Method. Stroke mortality data, for working-age group 15–55 years, obtained from the Ministry of Health and per capita national income figure for the same year was utilised to calculate the total output loss for the economy. The formula of output loss from the economy was used. Results. There were 273 stroke deaths of which 53.8% were of working-age group. The annual national human capital loss from stroke mortality for Fiji for the year was calculated to be F$8.85 million (US$5.31 million). The highest percentage loss from stroke mortality was from persons in their forties; that is, they still had more then 10 years to retirement. Discussion. This loss equates to one percent of national government revenue and 9.7% of Ministry of Health budget for the same year. The annual national human capital loss from stroke mortality is an important dimension in the overall economic equation of total economic burden of stroke. Conclusion. This study demonstrates a high economic burden for Fiji from stroke mortality of young adults in terms of annual national human capital loss.

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Chand Prasad, Biman. "Why Fiji is not the “Mauritius” of the Pacific? Lessons for small island nations in the Pacific." International Journal of Social Economics 41, no. 6 (June 3, 2014): 467–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-11-2012-0221.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a detailed comparison between Fiji and Mauritius and points out why Fiji which was better than Mauritius in the mid-1980s has fallen behind. Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses recent literature on why countries fail economically and qualitative analysis and statistical evidence where necessary to compare the two countries. Findings – During the first decade of independence, Fiji's economy grew at a rate of more than 5 per cent per annum. However, its economic prosperity was disrupted by the military coup in 1987. As a small island nation, Fiji's economic progress has been dismal and this can largely be attributed to the political instability created by the coups. Small island states like Mauritius has had uninterrupted growth rates in the same period and as a result has delivered significant improvement in the quality of life of its people. Research limitations/implications – Fiji could not become the Mauritius of the Pacific and points due to the lack of political stability and inclusive economic and political institutions. Social implications – Fiji could improve the quality of life of its people if it addresses the institutional constraint and it can learn from Mauritius. Originality/value – Comparing Fiji, a small island nation like Mauritius and pointing out clear lessons not only for Fiji but also other small island nations in the Pacific.

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Precillia, Hanna Ladrika. "INDONESIA-FIJI BILATERAL RELATIONSHIP DEVELOPMENT THROUGH SOUTH-SOUTH COOPERATION IN 1999-2016." Sociae Polites 19, no. 1 (June 20, 2018): 18–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.33541/sp.v19i1.1645.

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The use of soft power in diplomacy is essential because it minimizes the use of violence and coercion to solving a problem. This strength became the primary tool in the diplomacy of Indonesia-Fiji bilateral relations. The implementation of Indonesia's soft power is Indonesia's engagement in South-South Cooperation through technical cooperation for Fiji. This training is considered essential for Indonesia’s national interest, such as to support the territorial integrity and Indonesia's position in the South Pacific. The problem in this research is how the development of bilateral relations between Indonesia-Fiji through South-South Cooperation in 1999-2016? What is the impact of South-South Cooperation that Indonesia has made with Fiji? The research method used is qualitative with collecting data and uses the concept of Soft Power, Bilateral Relations, and International Cooperation Theory. Indonesia's bilateral relations with Fiji over the period of 1999-2016 have increased. The increase can be seen from the position of the total ranking of Fiji trade with Indonesia, which always occupies the top three in the South Pacific region. The Indonesian Government's strategy to improve bilateral relations with Fiji is to use a soft power approach in the form of technical cooperation within the South-South Cooperation Framework. This strategy has a positive impact on the political and economic fields of Indonesia. In politics, Indonesia has gained political support from Fiji about Indonesia’s territorial integrity from the separatist movement. In the area of economy, Indonesia has succeeded in opening up a new market in the agriculture sector that is selling hand tractors to Fiji and Vanuatu.

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Gounder, Rukmani. "The Political Economy of Development: Empirical Evidence From Fiji." Economic Analysis and Policy 29, no. 2 (September 1999): 133–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0313-5926(99)50017-9.

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11

Chand, Satish. "The Political Economy of Fiji: Past, Present, and Prospects." Round Table 104, no. 2 (March 4, 2015): 199–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00358533.2015.1017252.

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SOFER, MICHAEL. "LABOUR CIRCULATION AND THE VILLAGE ECONOMY IN FIJI 1." Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography 13, no. 2 (December 1992): 118–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9493.1993.tb00217.x.

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Gani, Azmat. "Capital Flight from a Small Developing Asia Pacific Economy." Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 15, no. 3 (May 7, 2016): 303–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341391.

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Capital flight from a small developing country in the Asia Pacific region, Fiji, is estimated using a variant of the residual approach. The findings show that between 1991 and 2009, approximately US$5 billion, averaging some US$265 million per annum has leaked out of Fiji in the form of capital flight. On an annual average basis, this has translated into 12 percent of Fiji’s gross domestic product; 19 percent of imports bills and 17 percent of lost tax revenues. The implications of this finding is that Fiji’s policymakers need to institute policies that focus on long-term secure and stable business and political environment. Some of these may include making the domestic business and investment environment more attractive, reforming the foreign investment tax incentives, retaining qualified and skilled people, eliminating institutional weaknesses in banking systems, and effective enforcement of banking and customs regulations relating to transfers of financial capital.

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Makun, Keshmeer, and Swastika Devi. "The effect of information and communication technology on economic output." International Journal of Development Issues 18, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 229–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdi-09-2018-0137.

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Purpose Information and communication technology (ICT) appears to play an indispensable task in influencing and directing the growth process of several developing countries. The spread of ICT in the South Pacific region including Fiji has facilitated faster and smother business in different sectors of the economy such as banking, education, transport and tourism. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to empirical literature and explore the effect of ICT on economic output, both in the short run and long run in the Fiji Islands. Design/methodology/approach The economic analysis was conducted using data from 1990 to 2016, improved framework of Solow (1956) and the autoregressive distributed-lag bounds approach to cointegration. Findings from the study and economic standpoint, the ICT is indeed important. The analysis shows an indication of long-run cointegration relationship among the variables for the two indicators of ICT. From the analysis, it is also observed that the two ICT indicators have a statistically significant and positive effect on output with coefficient ranging from 0.04 to 0.06. Research limitations/implications These results extend the ICT literature by providing support for it in case of a small developing island economy. The study highlights that while the two proxies of ICT are important for long term output growth, besides broad money and capital stock, the principal technology contributor is a mobile cellular subscription in Fiji Islands. Practical implications The policymakers need to work diligently to not only enhance ICT related infrastructure but also focus on better services and communication in different sectors of the economy. The efficient use of present technologies such as 3-G and 4-G is crucial and must be connected and made available to other smaller islands of Fiji. Originality/value The recent study has focused on the contribution of ICT on small island developing country, relative to large developing or developed countries. Furthermore, the author examined the contribution of two indicators of ICT using Solow (1956) augmented framework.

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Rensel, Jan. "The Fiji Connection: Migrant Involvement in The Economy of Rotuma." Pacific Viewpoint 34, no. 2 (May 1993): 215–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apv.342005.

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Raj, Shivneil Kumar, and Priteshni Pratibha Chand. "Analysis of Fiji’s Export and Its Impact on Economic Growth." International Journal of Business and Social Research 7, no. 4 (May 3, 2017): 01. http://dx.doi.org/10.18533/ijbsr.v7i4.1031.

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<p>Exports are vital for Fiji’s economy as it contributes significantly to its gross domestic product (GDP) and economic growth. The export data over the years show very slow growth and is gradually increasing. Fiji’s GDP data show that GDP is gradually increasing. Thus, Fiji’s economic growth is also increasing at a steady rate. This study aims to measure the relationship between exports and economic growth in Fiji. A regression analysis on data collected for Fiji from 2000-2015 shows that there is a strong positive relationship between exports and economic growth. Thus, when exports increase, economic growth also increases. Potential sectors that can be further developed to boost Fiji’s exports are sugar, garment, tourism and agriculture. The government should restrict imports through import quotas, tariffs and embargoes and give subsidies and tax incentives to potential export sectors to boost domestic production and increase exports. The government’s motive is to increase export incentives and promote Fiji made products both locally and overseas. Thus, this leads to an increase in exports, improves the trade balance and economic growth. This research article was undertaken to carry out research to investigate the link between Fiji’s export and economic growth and highlight ways and potential sectors to increase Fiji’s export and reduce imports.</p>

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Chand, Ronal, Rup Singh, Arvind Patel, and Devendra Kumar Jain. "Export performance, governance, and economic growth: evidence from Fiji - a small and vulnerable economy." Cogent Economics & Finance 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 1802808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2020.1802808.

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18

Bayliss-Smith, Tim, H. C. Brookfield, F. Ellis, and R. G. Ward. "Land, Cane and Coconuts: Papers on the Rural Economy of Fiji." Geographical Journal 155, no. 2 (July 1989): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/635088.

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Narayan, Paresh Kumar. "Testing the Unit Root Hypothesis When the Alternative is a Trend Break Stationary Process: An Application to Tourist Arrivals in Fiji." Tourism Economics 11, no. 3 (September 2005): 351–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000005774352971.

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The unit root hypothesis owes much to the work of Dickey and Fuller and has gained momentum since the seminal contribution of Perron (1989), who introduced the idea of structural breaks in unit root tests. In a recent study Sen (2003), extending the work of Zivot and Andrews (1992), recommends the F-test statistic for a unit root in the presence of a structural change in the economy. The central aim of this paper is to apply the Sen test to tourist arrivals to Fiji. The idea behind this exercise is to identify the year of the structural break and, more importantly, to examine whether the break has had a permanent or temporary effect on tourist arrivals in Fiji. Among our key results, we find that visitor arrivals in Fiji from Australia, New Zealand and the USA are stationary, implying that shocks have a temporary effect.

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Young, John. "Development Education and Social Stratification in Fiji." Practicing Anthropology 12, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 4–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.12.1.b786276kp21365g4.

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The transformation of Pacific Island societies into modern nation states necessarily involves change from a subsistence economy to an industrial mode of production. Development education will play an important role in the success or failure of efforts to industrialize in the training of an indigenous group of business managers and bureaucrats. These individuals must be given a practical understanding of western economics and organizational forms which may be adapted to the needs of their societies and serve in turn to instruct others. The knowledge that they gain often will be applied in traditional cultural contexts that require careful assessment and consideration. In particular, existing social hierarchies may be threatened by change and become a hindrance to knowledge transfer, thus diminishing the chances for carrying out successful development efforts.

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Cole, R. V. "Red light stop ‐ green light go! The fiji economy on the move." Journal of Pacific History 26, no. 3 (December 1991): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223349108572683.

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Presterudstuen, Geir Henning. "Horse Race Gambling and the Economy of ‘Bad Money’ in Contemporary Fiji." Oceania 84, no. 3 (November 2014): 256–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ocea.5059.

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Chand, Shasnil Avinesh, Ronald Ravinesh Kumar, and Peter Josef Stauvermann. "Determinants of bank stability in a small island economy: a study of Fiji." Accounting Research Journal 34, no. 1 (January 23, 2021): 22–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arj-06-2020-0140.

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Purpose This study aims to examine the determinants of bank stability based on three measures of bank stability while accounting for key bank-specific, macro-finance and structural variables. The aim is to underscore key indicators of stability that can be tracked by analysts, bank managers and regulators, especially in small economies such as Fiji. Design/methodology/approach The sample comprises a balanced panel of seven banking and financial institutions over the period 2000-2018. For consistency of data and similar functions in terms of deposit and loans, this paper considers five commercial banks and two credit institutions in Fiji. A fixed-effect method of regression is applied, to control for bank heterogeneity. The dependent variable is bank stability, which is based on three measures – the Z-score, the risk-adjusted return on assets and the risk-adjusted equity to assets ratio. Findings It is noted that bank size, funding risk, credit risk and Herfindahl-Hirschman index are positively associated with bank stability. In the extended model, both inflation and economic growth are positively associated with bank stability, although only inflation is statistically significant. Moreover, factors having a negative association with bank stability are the liquidity risk, the net interest margin and the remittances inflow. Additionally, the domestically generated political crises of the years 2000 and 2006 and the global financial crisis of 2007–2008 are negatively associated with bank stability. Originality/value This study empirically examines the determinants of bank stability in Fiji’s banking sector. Unlike previous studies, this study considers three measures of stability, with z-score as the dominant measure and as explanatory variables, bank-specific, macro-finance and structural variables. The bank-specific data used in the study were hand-picked from the disclosure statements of banks and macro-finance data were extracted from the World Bank Indicators. The study underscores pertinent factors associated with bank stability in the small island economy of Fiji, which can be of interest to analysts, bankers, regulators and researchers in this domain.

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Qiolevu, Venina, and Seunghoo Lim. "Stakeholder Participation and Advocacy Coalitions for Making Sustainable Fiji Mineral Royalty Policy." Sustainability 11, no. 3 (February 2, 2019): 797. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11030797.

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The Fiji government perceived mining as a means to accelerate economic growth because of its potential to generate great wealth for the Fijian economy. However, the environmental and social impacts associated with mining is of great concern. Mining activities have caused immense environmental degradations that affect livelihoods. One way to recompense these mining impacts is to provide a source of income to the landowners that can substitute the providence of natural resources that were damaged or completely taken away by mining activities. From the current revenue earned from mining, only land leases have been paid out to landowners and no royalty payments as yet, because there are no specific guidelines to determine the distributions. These have brought about the great need to determine the fair share of mineral royalties between the Fiji Government and the landowners in Fiji. This paper will therefore explicate the formation of coalitions based on similarities in policy beliefs, the various strategies undertaken to interact and network with each coalition in efforts to advocate core policy beliefs to obtain government’s attention for the formulation of Fiji’s Mineral Royalty Policy, based on the analytical lenses of Advocacy Coalition Framework and Issue Network Theory, at both the problem definition and agenda setting stages. Moreover, this paper also investigates the impacts of political instability in formulating Fiji’s first ever Mineral Royalty Policy.

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Dr. PATRICK MUMA. "THE ECONOMICS OF COCONUT REPLANTING AND ASSOCIATED CROPPING (IN FIJI)." CORD 2, no. 01 (December 1, 1986): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37833/cord.v2i01.193.

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The importance of coconut stems primarily from its being an export crop. Coconut largely constitutes a crop of convenience in the basically agricultural, mainly subsistence, essentially rural-based economy of Fiji. It provides a basic dietary component and a source of cash income to meet social responsibilities, and employment opportunities in the various areas in which it is grown. Indeed, after sugar, coconut oil is Fiji's second most important agricultural export.

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Dr. PATRICK MUMA. "THE ECONOMICS OF COCONUT REPLANTING AND ASSOCIATED CROPPING (IN FIJI)." CORD 8, no. 01 (December 1, 1992): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37833/cord.v8i01.257.

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The importance of coconut stems primarily from its being an export crop. Coconut largely constitutes a crop of convenience in the basically agricultural, mainly subsistence, essentially rural‑based economy of Fiji. It provides a basic dietary component and a source of cash income to meet social responsibilities, and employment opportunities in the various areas in which it is grown. Indeed, after sugar, coconut oil is Fiji's second most important agricultural export.

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Salem, Saber, and Armin Rosencranz. "Climate-Induced Mass Relocation in Fiji." Environmental Policy and Law 50, no. 4-5 (March 12, 2021): 391–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/epl-200240.

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Climate change is, undeniably, a global phenomenon, which requires timely and sincere global efforts and commitments to save the planet before it is too late. The island nations in the blue Pacific region are arguably experiencing the destructive nature of climate change more than any other nation in the world. Scientists warn that this slow-motion phenomenon is claiming entire nations, which will not exist on the face of the earth as early as next century. Sea-level rise is one of the biggest existential threats that the region is facing. Countries such as Tuvalu, Kiribati and Marshall Islands have already started sinking with their citizens looking for alternative countries. In Fiji, more than 200 low-lying villages are at risk of sinking and the government hopes to relocate these communities to higher ground, despite the pressure this would place on its weak economy. The relocatees will lose their most precious commodity, the land, which is their identity, status and source of survival. The other most precious commodity to which they attach a sense of belonging and will be lost for life are their ancestral homes, culture and traditional way of life. The relocation plan also creates distance between people and the sea, which is the source of their food. This article argues that despite being considered an effective adaptation mechanism to climate change, the relocation plan is facing multiple hurdles. The plan is far beyond the financial capacity and technical prowess of the Fijian government. The other possible alternative to mass relocation is strengthening the locally-made seawalls into strong durable structures, which can withstand the strength of cyclones and be an effective barrier to further shoreline erosion. The small island developing nations of the Pacific region will need financial and technical assistance from the industrialised nations to implement such a project successfully.

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Baker, Randall. "Foreign assistance and development in a small-island economy: The case of Fiji." Public Administration and Development 10, no. 4 (October 1990): 405–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pad.4230100404.

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Cameron, John. "A political economy of market-led structural adjustment. A case-study of Fiji." Journal of International Development 5, no. 2 (March 1993): 123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jid.3380050204.

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Elek, Andrew, Hal Hill, and Steven R. Tabor. "Liberalization and diversification in a small island economy: Fiji since the 1987 coups." World Development 21, no. 5 (May 1993): 749–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-750x(93)90031-4.

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Reddy, Krishna, and Umesh Sharma. "Institutional antecedents of principle-based corporate governance practices." Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change 10, no. 1 (February 25, 2014): 49–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jaoc-02-2012-0014.

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Purpose – This study aims to investigate the nature and extent of compliance to the principle-based corporate governance initiatives by the listed companies in the South Pacific Stock Exchange (SPSE) in Fiji. Three important questions are addressed: whether listed companies in Fiji have complied with the principle-based governance practices? Did compliance with principle-based recommendations lead to an improvement in the listed company's financial performance and legitimacy? How the institutional factors have contributed towards corporate governance practices in Fiji? Design/methodology/approach – Panel data for the SPSE companies over the period 2008-2011 are analysed using ordinary least squares (OLS) regression. Tobin's Q and return on assets (ROA) metrics are used as dependent variables. Findings – The findings indicate that listed companies have adopted the Capital Market Development Authority's (CMDA) recommendations by establishing subcommittees for audit and remuneration, having non-executive/independent directors on the board and separate chair and CEO positions in order to gain legitimacy from stakeholders. Results support the view that the CMDA recommendations of board sub-committees (audit and remuneration) have had positive influence on company performance measured by Tobin's Q. The findings of this study give support to the principle-based corporate governance practices adopted in Fiji to gain legitimacy. Originality/value – The study adds to the governance literature by focusing on the principle-based governance practices in a small remote island country, Fiji which has relatively small economy, capital market and company size. Finally, the study adds to institutional theory by showing how companies' corporate governance choices are affected by the severity of agency conflicts and the way corporate governance is regulated.

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Loumoli, Hikaione, and Jagdish Prasad Bhati. "Quantifying role of seaweed (Caulerpa racemosa) harvesting in livelihood system of some coastal communities in Fiji." South Pacific Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 33, no. 2 (2015): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sp15003.

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The relative contributions of various work activities in the rural livelihood systems are not well understood. This study investigates roles of various work activities in the household income and employment in coastal areas of Fiji. Data were obtained by personal interview method from a random sample survey 48 households from four coastal villages in Fiji. Study revealed that workers in the coastal areas have work opportunities for only 20 h per week against a 40 h work norm. About 76% of their total work time was devoted to sea-based resources (58% for seaweed harvesting and 18% for fishing). Coconut collection and handicraft activities accounted for 17 and 7 percent of their work time, respectively. Overall, average weekly income of workers was about FJ$110.The share of income from seaweeds was about 50% and the shares of income from fishing, coconut activities and handicrafts were 21.9, 20.5 and 8 percent, respectively. Hence, it is clear that although seaweed harvesting activity in the overall economy of Fiji is still at the subsistence level, but this activity plays a very critical and substantial role in the food and nutrition security of the coastal communities.

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Waqas, Hamid, Devendra Kumar Jain, and Rup Singh. "Macro-financial risk in the South Pacific: analysing balance sheet effects for Fiji economy." International Journal of Trade and Global Markets 1, no. 1 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijtgm.2020.10033941.

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Kumar, Ronald R., and Arvind Patel. "Exploring competitiveness in banking sector of a small island economy: a study of Fiji." Quality & Quantity 48, no. 6 (October 29, 2013): 3169–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11135-013-9948-8.

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Dornan, Matthew. "Reform despite politics? The political economy of power sector reform in Fiji, 1996–2013." Energy Policy 67 (April 2014): 703–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2013.11.070.

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Kumar, Nikeel, Ronald R. Kumar, and Peter J. Stauvermann. "Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Small Island Economies." Mechanism of an Economic Regulation, no. 2 (2019): 42–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/mer.2019.84.04.

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Petroleum is the primary source of energy used in transportation and electricity generation for many small Pacific island economies. Noting the growing demand for transportation and infrastructure services, we investigate the long-run association between petroleum consumption and output per worker in Fiji, a small island economy in the Pacific. We use a Cobb-Douglas framework and the ARDL bounds procedure with sample periods from 1980 to 2013. The results show that a 1 % increase in petroleum consumption results in 0.08 % increase in the long run economic growth. The granger non-causality results show that energy consumption causes economic growth, thus confirming energy-led growth hypothesis. The overall results underscore the need for efficient use of energy in general with the impetus to focusing on renewable energy as an important source of economic growth. We argue that energy in whichever form (renewable or non-renewable) is an integral input for economic growth for small island countries in the Pacific. Furthermore, the country is an importer and redistributor of petroleum to other neighbouring islands. The petroleum products comprise of motor gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene, distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, and liquefied petroleum gases (LPG). The operations of airlines, ferries, cruise liners and other types of transportation are linked with tourism industry and heavily rely on petroleum. Also, petroleum is used for generating electricity, and the usage increases during the hot and dry season to support the hydro power plants. Considering Fiji as a reference and petroleum as a major type of energy, the study examines the relationship between energy and economic growth, whilst accounting for capital and labour stock, and structural breaks. This study aims to provide impetus to efficient use and management of energy in the Pacific with the overarching aim to promote economic growth and fostering policies to gradually phase out non-renewable energy sources. Key words: petroleum consumption, growth, ARDL bounds approach, causality, structural break, Fiji.

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Arno, Andrew. "Cobo and tabua in Fiji: Two forms of cultural currency in an economy of sentiment." American Ethnologist 32, no. 1 (February 2005): 46–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ae.2005.32.1.46.

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Kumar, Ronald Ravinesh, and Madhukar Singh. "Role of health expenditure and ICT in a small island economy: a study of Fiji." Quality & Quantity 48, no. 4 (July 9, 2013): 2295–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11135-013-9892-7.

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Choe, Myeong Sig. "An Alternative Futures Hedge for Minor Currencies." Journal of Derivatives and Quantitative Studies 12, no. 1 (May 30, 2004): 87–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jdqs-01-2004-b0005.

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In a world of trade among nations using different currencies, every exchange of goods, services, or assets taking place between economic actors of different nations requires an accompanying currency transaction. If foreign exchange rates were fixed, this would be little more than a formality and not a potential source of market distortion. In the current world, however, the currency exchange rates are often very volatile and can affect market prices when viewed from outside the economy. Individuals with risk-averse preferences seek to minimize the potential losses possible from their currency positions through the use of currency hedging tools. When a nation‘s currency hedging instrument (e.g. a currency futures contract) is traded in liquid market, it is easy to hedge the risk posed by holding a foreign currency position. In these market situations, currency futures contracts can be purchased for hedging the currency position. However, when a nation‘s currency hedging instrument is not traded in liquid markets, it is impossible to hedge the risk by the direct hedging. Hence, a proxy for the currencies of small economies (i.e. minor currencies) must be found. This study examines five nations‘ currencies, the Fiji Dollar, Cyprus Pound, Maltese Lira, Taiwanese Dollar, and South Korea Won in order to determine an effective currency futures hedge for the three minor currencies in the above list : the Fiji Dollar, the Cyprus Pound, and the Maltese Lira. The results of this study‘s tests indicate that multiple futures contract hedge proposed in this study is an appropriate hedging tool for both the Fiji Dollar and the Cyprus Pound. In the case of the Maltese Lira, the results are less conclusive and suggest that the selection of the appropriate futures contracts should be improved.

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Sharma, Parmendra, and Duc-Tho Nguyen. "Law and banking development in a South Pacific island economy: the case of Fiji, 1970–2006." Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy 15, no. 2 (April 22, 2010): 192–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13547861003700422.

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Prasad, Arti, Paresh Kumar Narayan, and Jashwini Narayan. "Exploring the oil price and real GDP nexus for a small island economy, the Fiji Islands." Energy Policy 35, no. 12 (December 2007): 6506–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2007.07.032.

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Makun, Keshmeer. "Food Inflation Dynamics in a Pacific Island Economy-A Study of Fiji: Causes and Policy Implications." Journal of Developing Areas 55, no. 4 (2021): 119–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jda.2021.0082.

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Jayaraman, T. K., and Chee-Keong Choong. "Growth Constraints and Determinants of a South Pacific Island in a Global Economy: A Study of Fiji." Global Economic Review 35, no. 4 (December 2006): 425–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/12265080601053850.

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Narayan, Paresh Kumar. "The Macroeconomic Impact of the IMF Recommended VAT Policy for the Fiji Economy: Evidence From a Cge Model." Review of Urban and Regional Development Studies 15, no. 3 (November 2003): 226–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-940x.2003.00074.x.

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Cornelio, D. L. "SOCIOECONOMIC DRIVERS OF LAND USE INTENSIFICATION IN FIJI ISLANDS: A GEOGRAPHICAL APPROACH." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B3-2021 (June 29, 2021): 837–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b3-2021-837-2021.

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Abstract. Shifting cultivation is a common agricultural practice in the Pacific Islands rarely sustainable today since fallow periods are ever shorter due to the demographic growth, farms fragmentation, uncertain land tenure, and pressures from the market economy among other factors (drivers). Official statistical data and maps were utilized to build up chloropleth maps indicating the areas of high land use intensity (LUI) according to farm size ranges and socioeconomic parameters (treatments) for the country. Twenty vector layers were digitized from published maps for eight ranges of farm sizes (from less than 1 to more than 100 ha), and converted to raster format with a 170 m2 pixel size. Critical maps were then built by boolean operations displaying areas in which both the land use and the socioeconomic driver were simultaneously ranked as high or very high. Treatments showed significant differences among them (p < 0.05), being the most influential those related to human demography. In farms smaller than 3 ha size land use is intense when (in order of importance) Indo-fijian population, household size and land availability values are high; while in farms of 20–50 ha size it is intense when the values of (in order of importance) population change, Indo-fijian population, land availability, fishing and sugar farming are also high. LUI patterns normally decrease with the increase of farm size, but increases on farms over 20 ha size. It is recommended to propose policies that will des-accelerate the rates of land use, such as the facilitation of land ownership over farms of bigger sizes, the gradual replacement of mono cropping by agroforestry systems, and the creation of more employment opportunities in the industry, tourism and services sectors.

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Novaczek, Irené, and E. Kathy Stuart. "The Contribution of Women Entrepreneurs to the Local Economy in Small Islands: Seaplant-Based Micro-Enterprise in Fiji and Vanuatu." Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship 19, no. 4 (December 2006): 367–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2006.10593377.

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Soomauroo, Zakia, Philipp Blechinger, and Felix Creutzig. "Unique Opportunities of Island States to Transition to a Low-Carbon Mobility System." Sustainability 12, no. 4 (February 14, 2020): 1435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12041435.

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Small islands developing states (SIDS) contribute minuscule proportions to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and energy consumption, but are highly exposed to climate change impacts, in particular to extreme weather events and sea-level rise. However, there is little research on potential decarbonization trajectories unique to SIDS. Here, we argue that insular topology, scale, and economy are distinctive characteristics of SIDS that facilitate overcoming carbon lock-in. We investigate these dimensions for the three islands of Barbados, Fiji, and Mauritius. We find that insular topologies and small scale offer an opportunity for both public transit corridors and rapid electrification of car fleets. The tourism sector enables local decision-makers and investors to experiment with shared mobility and to induce spillover effects by educating tourists about new mobility options. Limited network effects, and the particular economy thus enables to overcome carbon lock-in. We call for targeted investments into SIDS to transition insular mobility systems towards zero carbon in 2040. The decarbonization of SIDS is not only needed as a mitigation effort, but also as a strong signal to the global community underlining that a zero-carbon future is possible.

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WALSH, A. CROSBIE. "LAND, CANE AND COCONUTS: PAPERS ON THE RURAL ECONOMY OF FIJI. By H. C. Brookfield, F. Ellis and R. G. Ward." New Zealand Geographer 44, no. 2 (October 1988): 92–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7939.1988.tb01247.x.

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Kumar, Ronald Ravinesh, Peter Josef Stauvermann, Arvind Patel, and Selvin Sanil Prasad. "Determinants of non-performing loans in banking sector in small developing island states." Accounting Research Journal 31, no. 2 (July 2, 2018): 192–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arj-06-2015-0077.

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PurposeThe banking sector stability depends in large part on the size of non-performing loans (NPLs). Hence, the factors which explain the problem loans are very useful information for banks. Notably, studies in this regard with respect to the small developing countries’ banking sector have received less attention. Therefore, this study aims to examine the determinants of NPLs with a case of Fiji’s banking sector, over the period 2000-2013.Design/methodology/approachThe balanced sample consists of the entire banking sector (five commercial banks and two non-bank financial institutions). First, the authors estimate a base model which comprise bank-specific indicators that are related to bank management and then they extend the estimations to include macroeconomic/structural factors such as economic growth, inflation, changes of the real effective exchange rate, unemployment, remittances, political instability and external events like the global financial crisis. The estimations are done using pooled OLS, the random effects and the fixed effects regression methods.FindingsThe results show that the following indicators have negative association with NPL and are statistically significant with the conventional levels: return on equity, capital adequacy requirement, market share based on assets, unemployment and time. On the other hand, the net interest margin has a positive and statistically significant association with NPL.Research limitations/implicationsSubsequently, the stability of the banking sector in small developing countries such as Fiji is largely dependent on banks’ profitability, solvency, size in terms of market share and the presence of a learning curve and keeping a close tab on the interest rate spread between loans and deposits.Practical implicationsThe paper highlights the specific factors determining NPL in small developing economy of Fiji.Originality/valueThis study is the first to examine specific factors determining NPLs with respect to small developing economies in the Oceania region.

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International Monetary Fund. "Fiji: Recent Economic Developments." IMF Staff Country Reports 95, no. 10 (1995): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451813319.002.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Fiji Economy'

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