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1
O'Neill, M. E., and P. C. Thomson. "Power and sample size calculations using Microsoft® Excel." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 38, no. 6 (1998): 617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea98068.
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Summary. This note illustrates the versatility of modern spreadsheets such as Microsoft® Excel (a registered trademark of the Microsoft Corporation) in solving commonly asked questions on power and sample size in designed experiments. Readers are referred to an Excel file in the Publications/Journals area on our website (www.cropsci.usyd.edu.au) if they wish to work with the illustrations in this note. Click on Abstract and associated files alongside our paper in the publication list to locate the file.
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Amato, Massimo, Alfredo Iandolo, Giuseppe Pantaleo, Dina Abtellatif, Michele Simeone, Angelo Lizio, Roberto Lo Giudice, and Giuseppe Lo Giudice. "The IG- file use to Gauge the Apical Diameter in Endodontics: An In Vitro Study." Open Dentistry Journal 12, no. 1 (September 28, 2018): 638–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1745017901814010638.
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Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the IG-file, a new instrument designed for apical diameter gauging. Materials and Methods: After shaping with F1 Universal Protaper, 60 roots were randomly divided into two groups and assigned to two operators, One Expert in Endodontics (EO) and One Unexpert (UO). In each sample, after canal curvatures have been detected, the apical diameters were measured with the IG-file and the K-NiTi. The results were compared with the reference value obtained by retrograde apical gauging. The data were statistically analyzed. Results: Among 60 samples, 10% of errors were recorded when the IG-files were used; in the K-NiTi group the incorrect measurements were 70%. In both groups (expert and unexpert) the IG-file measurements were more accurate than the K-NiTi (90 vs 33 and 90 vs 26,7). The differences were statistically significant. In curved canals, the difference between measurement rates performed with both instruments was statistically significant (85,7% IG-file vs 28,6% K-NiTi) as well as for the samples without curvatures (92,3% IG file vs 30,8% NiTi file). In root canals without curvatures overestimation errors in K-NiTi file group are more frequent than underestimation errors. This difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: A proper gauging of the apical diameter has a key role in endodontic therapy; an incorrect measurement can lead to clinical failures. This “in vitro” study highlights that IG-file improves measurement accuracy independently from clinician experience. Furthermore, in curved canals, the IG-file is more accurate than K-NiTi.
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Wirt, Edgar. "Selecting a Population Sample from a Business Computer File." Journal of Experimental Education 55, no. 3 (April 1987): 160–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00220973.1987.10806450.
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Ashwini, TS, and Sonam Bhandari. "The Influence of Cervical Preflaring of Root Canal on Determination of Initial Apical File using Gates Glidden Drills, Protaper, Race and Diamond-Coated Galaxy Files." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 13, no. 4 (2012): 554–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-13-4-554.
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ABSTRACT Aim To investigate the influence of cervical preflaring on apical file size determination using four different rotary instruments. Materials and methods Fifty root canals from extracted human maxillary premolars with complete root formation, straight roots were used for the study. Access opening was done and the working length established with 8 no K-file for each canal. Teeth were randomly divided into five groups of 10 canals. In Group 1- no preflaring was done and acted as control and in Groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 cervical and middle third preflaring of the root canals were done using Gates Glidden drills, Protaper instruments, Race instruments and Galaxy files respectively. After preflaring, the apical file size determination was done and the initial apical file (IAF) was fixed at the working length. Teeth were sectioned transversally 1 mm from the apex, with the binding file in position. The samples were imaged under stereomicroscope with 30× magnification. Root canal and file maximum diameters were recorded for each sample. The readings were subjected to analysis of variance test and Scheffe's multiple comparison test. Results Preflaring with Race instruments lead to most accurate determination of the IAF. It was followed by Protaper, Galaxy files and Gates Glidden drills. Conclusion Traditional method of apical size determination may lead to a substantial underestimation of actual canal size. Cervical preflaring increases the accuracy of apical size determination. Clinical significance Thus, cervical preflaring is recommended before selection of IAF as it increases the accuracy of apical size determination. How to cite this article Ashwini TS, Bhandari S. The Influence of Cervical Preflaring of Root Canal on Determination of Initial Apical File using Gates Glidden Drills, Protaper, Race and Diamond-Coated Galaxy Files. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012; 13(4):554-558.
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Cheng, T., X. Zhou, Y. Jia, G. Yang, and J. Bai. "STUDY ON BIG DATABASE CONSTRUCTION AND ITS APPLICATION OF SAMPLE DATA COLLECTED IN CHINA'S FIRST NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC CONDITIONS CENSUS BASED ON REMOTE SENSING IMAGES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3 (April 30, 2018): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-217-2018.
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In the project of China's First National Geographic Conditions Census, millions of sample data have been collected all over the country for interpreting land cover based on remote sensing images, the quantity of data files reaches more than 12,000,000 and has grown in the following project of National Geographic Conditions Monitoring. By now, using database such as Oracle for storing the big data is the most effective method. However, applicable method is more significant for sample data’s management and application. This paper studies a database construction method which is based on relational database with distributed file system. The vector data and file data are saved in different physical location. The key issues and solution method are discussed. Based on this, it studies the application method of sample data and analyzes some kinds of using cases, which could lay the foundation for sample data’s application. Particularly, sample data locating in Shaanxi province are selected for verifying the method. At the same time, it takes 10 first-level classes which defined in the land cover classification system for example, and analyzes the spatial distribution and density characteristics of all kinds of sample data. The results verify that the method of database construction which is based on relational database with distributed file system is very useful and applicative for sample data’s searching, analyzing and promoted application. Furthermore, sample data collected in the project of China's First National Geographic Conditions Census could be useful in the earth observation and land cover’s quality assessment.
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Chizari, Hassan, Shukor Abd Razak, Mojib Majidi, and Shaharuddin Bin Salleh. "Computer forensic problem of sample size in file type analysis." International Journal of Advanced Intelligence Paradigms 11, no. 1/2 (2018): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijaip.2018.092951.
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Bin Salleh, Shaharuddin, Mojib Majidi, Hassan Chizari, and Shukor Abd Razak. "Computer forensic problem of sample size in file type analysis." International Journal of Advanced Intelligence Paradigms 11, no. 1/2 (2018): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijaip.2018.10013460.
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Payne, Alexander, Nadine Holmes, Vardhman Rakyan, and Matthew Loose. "BulkVis: a graphical viewer for Oxford nanopore bulk FAST5 files." Bioinformatics 35, no. 13 (November 20, 2018): 2193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bty841.
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Abstract Motivation The Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) MinION is used for sequencing a wide variety of sample types with diverse methods of sample extraction. Nanopore sequencers output FAST5 files containing signal data subsequently base called to FASTQ format. Optionally, ONT devices can collect data from all sequencing channels simultaneously in a bulk FAST5 file enabling inspection of signal in any channel at any point. We sought to visualize this signal to inspect challenging or difficult to sequence samples. Results The BulkVis tool can load a bulk FAST5 file and overlays MinKNOW (the software that controls ONT sequencers) classifications on the signal trace and can show mappings to a reference. Users can navigate to a channel and time or, given a FASTQ header from a read, jump to its specific position. BulkVis can export regions as Nanopore base caller compatible reads. Using BulkVis, we find long reads can be incorrectly divided by MinKNOW resulting in single DNA molecules being split into two or more reads. The longest seen to date is 2 272 580 bases in length and reported in eleven consecutive reads. We provide helper scripts that identify and reconstruct split reads given a sequencing summary file and alignment to a reference. We note that incorrect read splitting appears to vary according to input sample type and is more common in ’ultra-long’ read preparations. Availability and implementation The software is available freely under an MIT license at https://github.com/LooseLab/bulkvis. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Tillmann, Peter, and Christian Paul. "The Repeatability File—A Tool for Reducing the Sensitivity of near Infrared Spectroscopy Calibrations to Moisture Variation." Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy 6, no. 1 (January 1998): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1255/jnirs.122.
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The study presented here demonstrates the benefits of using a repeatability file for near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy calibration development. Calibrations were developed from rapeseed samples of a narrow moisture content (2.5–6.0%) and used on a validation set with an extended moisture content (3.6–13.0%). The elevated moisture content of the validation samples led to increased standard errors of prediction ( SEP) for the calibrations predicting oil, protein, GSL and C18:1 content. Two methods were investigated to reduce the moisture sensitivity of the NIR spectroscopy calibrations: (a) the exclusion of water bands in the NIR spectral region during calibration development and (b) the use of a repeatability file as proposed by Westerhaus (1990). The increased SEPs could be decreased by up to 66% by either the exclusion of the water bands or the use of a repeatability file containing spectra of moist and dry samples. The best results were obtained with a repeatability file using spectra from a single sample. A spectral interpretation is given.
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Heggendorn, Fabiano Luiz, Lucio Souza Gonçalves, Eliane Pedra Dias, Viviane de Oliveira Freitas Lione, and Márcia Teresa Soares Lutterbach. "Biocorrosion of Endodontic Files through the Action of Two Species of Sulfate-reducing Bacteria: Desulfovibrio desulfuricans and Desulfovibrio fairfieldensis." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 16, no. 8 (2015): 665–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1738.
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ABSTRACT Aim This study assessed the biocorrosive capacity of two bacteria: Desulfovibrio desulfuricans and Desulfovibrio fairfieldensis on endodontic files, as a preliminary step in the development of a biopharmaceutical, to facilitate the removal of endodontic file fragments from root canals. Materials and methods In the first stage, the corrosive potential of the artificial saliva medium (ASM), modified Postgate E medium (MPEM), 2.5 % sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution and white medium (WM), without the inoculation of bacteria was assessed by immersion assays. In the second stage, test samples were inoculated with the two species of sulphur-reducing bacteria (SRB) on ASM and modified artificial saliva medium (MASM). In the third stage, test samples were inoculated with the same species on MPEM, ASM and MASM. All test samples were viewed under an infinite focus Alicona microscope. Results No test sample became corroded when immersed only in media, without bacteria. With the exception of one test sample between those inoculated with bacteria in ASM and MASM, there was no evidence of corrosion. Fifty percent of the test samples demonstrated a greater intensity of biocorrosion when compared with the initial assays. Conclusion Desulfovibrio desulfuricans and D. fairfieldensis are capable of promoting biocorrosion of the steel constituent of endodontic files. Clinical significance This study describes the initial development of a biopharmaceutical to facilitate the removal of endodontic file fragments from root canals, which can be successfully implicated in endodontic therapy in order to avoiding parendodontic surgery or even tooth loss in such events. How to cite this article Heggendorn FL, Gonçalves LS, Dias EP, de Oliveira Freitas Lione V, Lutterbach MTS. Biocorrosion of Endodontic Files through the Action of Two Species of Sulfatereducing Bacteria: Desulfovibrio desulfuricans and Desulfovibrio fairfieldensis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(8):665-673.
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Caburlotto, G., V. Ghidini, M. Gennari, M. C. Tafi, and M. M. Lleo. "Isolation of a Vibrio parahaemolyticus pandemic strain from a marine water sample obtained in the northern Adriatic." Eurosurveillance 13, no. 11 (March 13, 2008): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/ese.13.11.08068-en.
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Chun, Hein, and Sangwoo Kim. "BAMixChecker: an automated checkup tool for matched sample pairs in NGS cohort." Bioinformatics 35, no. 22 (June 14, 2019): 4806–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btz479.
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Abstract Summary Mislabeling in the process of next generation sequencing is a frequent problem that can cause an entire genomic analysis to fail, and a regular cohort-level checkup is needed to ensure that it has not occurred. We developed a new, automated tool (BAMixChecker) that accurately detects sample mismatches from a given BAM file cohort with minimal user intervention. BAMixChecker uses a flexible, data-specific set of single-nucleotide polymorphisms and detects orphan (unpaired) and swapped (mispaired) samples based on genotype-concordance score and entropy-based file name analysis. BAMixChecker shows ∼100% accuracy in real WES, RNA-Seq and targeted sequencing data cohorts, even for small panels (<50 genes). BAMixChecker provides an HTML-style report that graphically outlines the sample matching status in tables and heatmaps, with which users can quickly inspect any mismatch events. Availability and implementation BAMixChecker is available at https://github.com/heinc1010/BAMixChecker Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Fahriani, Nuniek, and Harunur Rosyid. "Implementasi Teknik Enkripsi dan Dekripsi dI File Video Menggunakan Algoritma Blowfish." Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Ilmu Komputer 6, no. 6 (December 2, 2019): 697. http://dx.doi.org/10.25126/jtiik.2019661465.
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<p><strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Abstrak</span></strong></p><p>Kriptografi (<em>cryptography</em>) merupakan proses keamanan data untuk menjaga pesan (file) agar tidak “diganggu” oleh pihak ketiga. kriptografi memiliki unsur proses, yaitu : enkripsi, dekripsi, dan kunci. Menjadi kebutuhan <em>user</em> untuk menghindari ‘pihak ketiga’ yang bisa merubah, mengambil ataupun menghilangkan data secara fisik atau menjalankan fungsi program yang mengganggu sistem. Tingkat keaslian data menjadi bagian penting didalam sistem keamanan data. Jenis data berupa file yang berpotensi “dirusak” secara illegal tidak hanya berextention .doc bisa saja jenis file yang berextention file video. Untuk menjalankan fungsi dari sistem keamanan data file video, legalitas akses akan data sangat penting untuk<em> secure</em> sehingga tidak berakibat kepada penyalahgunaan hak akses data. Teknik yang digunakan untuk menunjang enkrip dan dekrip file video adalah menerapkan algoritma blowfish didalam implementasinya. Algoritma ini memiliki sistem keamanan yang variabel. Hasil ujicoba menggunakan 6 contoh file extention yang melalui teknik enkrip dan dekrip adalah : file extention .asf, .wmv, .avi, .3pp, .flv, .vob. Dibangun berbasis desktop.</p><p> </p><p><strong><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Abstract</span></em></strong></p><p><em><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">Cryptography (cryptography) is a data security process to keep messages (files) from being "disturbed" by third parties. Cryptography has three basic functions, namely: encryption, decryption, and key. Being a user need to avoid 'third parties' who can change, retrieve or delete data physically or run program functions that interfere with the system. The level of authenticity of the data becomes an important part in the data security system. This type of data in the form of files that have the potential to be "tampered" illegally not only with the .doc extension can be the file type with the video file extension. To perform the function of the video file data security system, the legality of access to data is very important to secure so that it does not result in misuse of data access rights. The technique used to support encryption and decryption of video files is to apply the blowfish algorithm in its implementation. This algorithm has a variable security system. The test results using 6 sample file extensions that go through the encryption and decryption process are: file extension .asf, .wmv, .avi, .3pp, .flv, .vob. Desktop based.</span></em></p><p> </p>
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Cooper, Steven E. "Are sample rates for wave file recordings too low for transient signals?" Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 141, no. 5 (May 2017): 3786. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4988337.
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Wang, Xiaodong, and Arie van Riessen. "Omega–Phi compensated GID in side inclination mode for measurement of residual stress in polycrystalline thin films." Powder Diffraction 32, S2 (December 2017): S9—S15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715617001117.
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The grazing incidence diffraction (GID) method in side inclination mode, described by Ma et al. in 2002, of polycrystalline thin-film residual stress was revisited and explained using simple geometric relations. To overcome the issue of decreasing peak intensity of this method, which is induced by the decreasing incident angle because of the Eulerian cradle Chi-tilt, an improvement of Omega (ω)–Phi (φ) compensation was devised and applied to a NiFe thin-film sample. The geometry of this improved ω–φ compensated GID method in side inclination mode is detailed in this paper. This improvement guarantees a constant incident angle on the sample surface and a fixed sample illumination volume during measurement. The measured data were analysed using parametric refinement in DIFFRAC.TOPAS v6 software in Launch Mode, and details of the input file (.INP) are explained in this paper. The tensile stress of the NiFe thin-film sample was measured to be 1181 ± 85 MPa using this improved method.
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Fuad, Raja Nasrul, and Haikal Nando Winata. "APLIKASI KEAMANAN FILE AUDIO WAV (WAVEFORM) DENGAN TERAPAN ALGORITMA RSA." InfoTekJar (Jurnal Nasional Informatika dan Teknologi Jaringan) 1, no. 2 (March 7, 2017): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.30743/infotekjar.v1i2.72.
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The WAV file format that is widely used rough on various kinds of multimedia and gaming platforms. Ease of access and technological development with a variety of media to facilitate the exchange of information to various places. The data are important and need to be kept confidential secret for a wide range of security threats so that data can be intercepted and acknowledged by third parties during the shipping process. Of these problems led to the idea to create an application data security functions can secure the data using the RSA algorithm. The programming language is C # with Visual Studio software, the processed data is a sample each byte in WAV file, the header will be the same as that originally WAV files can be played even if the information has been withheld. RSA algorithm can be implemented into a programming language that WAV files can be processed and secured the data.
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Qiao, Yanchen, Weizhe Zhang, Xiaojiang Du, and Mohsen Guizani. "Malware Classification Based on Multilayer Perception and Word2Vec for IoT Security." ACM Transactions on Internet Technology 22, no. 1 (February 28, 2022): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3436751.
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With the construction of smart cities, the number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices is growing rapidly, leading to an explosive growth of malware designed for IoT devices. These malware pose a serious threat to the security of IoT devices. The traditional malware classification methods mainly rely on feature engineering. To improve accuracy, a large number of different types of features will be extracted from malware files in these methods. That brings a high complexity to the classification. To solve these issues, a malware classification method based on Word2Vec and Multilayer Perception (MLP) is proposed in this article. First, for one malware sample, Word2Vec is used to calculate a word vector for all bytes of the binary file and all instructions in the assembly file. Second, we combine these vectors into a 256x256x2-dimensional matrix. Finally, we designed a deep learning network structure based on MLP to train the model. Then the model is used to classify the testing samples. The experimental results prove that the method has a high accuracy of 99.54%.
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Koong, Kai S., Shuming Bai, Sara Tejinder, and Charlotte Morris. "Advancements and forecasts of electronic tax return and informational filings in the US." International Journal of Accounting & Information Management 27, no. 2 (May 7, 2019): 352–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijaim-06-2018-0072.
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Purpose The US Congress set the original goal that 80 per cent of all tax returns should to be filed electronically for the 2007 tax year. Unfortunately, only 70 per cent of the total returns were electronically filed (e-filed) in 2017. This paper aims to examine the longitudinal progress of total tax returns e-filed by individuals, businesses and “other” categories for the period from 2004 to 2017 and projects a timeline to attain the goal. Design/methodology/approach A comprehensive computation and analysis were performed for the volume, ratios and growth of e-filing for the major types of return. A parallel analysis was performed for the business categories. Applying various time series and exponential smoothing forecasting models, the authors projected major return e-filings for the forecast horizons from 2018 to 2025. Findings First, individual tax returns filed electronically have attained the target goal of 80 per cent since 2012, the extended deadline by Congress, so have corporations and partnerships for Fiscal Year 2017. Second, both the e-file volume and e-file rate for the grand total, individuals and businesses exhibit monotonically increasing trends over the sample period. Third, of the grand e-filings, individual returns constitute the vast majority of 84 per cent, while business e-files are less than 12 per cent. Originality/value This study is a holistic and comprehensive analysis of the adoption of e-filing in the USA. From the longitudinal analysis and the variety of forecasting models applied, the results show that the focus should be on the employment tax e-file as it stands at only 41 per cent for 2017 due to few mandates, while the returns make up 65 per cent of total business returns. The authors projected that the grand total e-filing will attain the Congressional goal of 80 per cent by 2020 along with proposed strategies and recommendations.
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Dash, N. S. "The Process of Designing a Multidisciplinary Monolingual Sample Corpus." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2000): 179–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.5.2.05das.
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This paper discusses the approach of developing a sample of printed corpus in Bangla, one of the national languages of India and the only national language of Bangladesh. It is designed from the data collected from various published documents. The paper highlights different issues related to corpus generation, data-file preparation, language analysis, and processing as well as application potentials to different areas of pure and applied linguistics. It also includes statistical studies on the corpus along with some interpretation of the results. The difficulties that one may face during corpus generation are also pointed out.
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Schaller, James L., Nancy K. Yang, Eun Ji, and Nina Zuna. "Predicting Employment Outcomes of Asian Americans With Depressive/Mood Disorder From the RSA National Data File." Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling 44, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0047-2220.44.2.18.
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Relationships among consumer demographic variables, services, and employment outcomes for 2,472 As ian Americans with depressive/mood disorder were examined using the Rehabilitation Services Administration data bases for three years from 2009 through 2011. The 2,472 Asian American individuals were randomly split for cross-validation purposes into Sample 1 and Sample 2, each with 1,236 individuals. A separate logistic regression was run for each sample, and variables that were statistically significant for both samples were receipt of SSI/SSDI, college training, and job placement. The correct classification of each logistic regression was 69.2% and 69.7%, respectively. Average weekly earnings were statistically significant by gender in Sample 1, t (1,234), 3.40, p = .001, and in Sample 2, t (1,234), 3.1, p = .01, with males earning statistically significantly more per week thanfemales. Suggested hypotheses for the above findings and implications for practice with consumers with depressive/mood disorder are provided.
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Smith, D. K., G. G. Johnson, and R. Jenkins. "A Full-Trace Database for the Analysis of Clay Minerals." Advances in X-ray Analysis 38 (1994): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/s0376030800017717.
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Abstract A file of digitized diffraction traces for clay minerals has been developed as a test for the usefulness of such traces in the analysis of clays and clay deposits. The kaolin, smectite, mica clay and chlorite groups are represented by patterns of the most common mineral species in the small crystallite size which is typical of their natural occurrences. Patterns are included for the oriented sample and for glycolated and heated samples when appropriate. This database may form a nucleus for an extensive collection of clay mineral traces in the same manner as the early Powder Diffraction File did for the modern PDE.
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Xin, Yufeng, Dongliang Zhang, and Guopeng Qiu. "Real-Time Animation Complexity of Interactive Clothing Design Based on Computer Simulation." Complexity 2021 (May 11, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9988623.
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With the innovation of computer, virtual clothing has also emerged. This research mainly discusses the real-time animation complex of interactive clothing design based on computer simulation. In the process of realizing virtual clothing, the sample interpolation synthesis method is used, and the human body sample library is constructed using the above two methods (primitive construction method and model reconstruction method) first, and then, the human body model is obtained by interpolation calculation according to the personalized parameters. Building a clothing model is particularly important for the effect of trying on. The clothing that needs to be displayed can be scanned and then input into the computer to build the model. The model can be directly built in 3DMAX and other software and then its surface texture can be mapped, or the clothing model can be directly built. The 3D model in the 3ds file is loaded by the loop body nested switch branch selection structure. Correspondingly, the write-back operation of 3ds files is similar. Just follow the general structure of the 3ds file and write the root block, version information block, edit information block, key frame information block, etc. to a brand new file in sequence. The main reason for this article to perform the 3ds file write-back operation is that, after the clothing model is dynamically simulated through the dynamic principle, the deformed key animation frame needs to be saved as a 3ds file so that it can be further imported into the 3DSMAX software and generated by the renderer, form high-quality picture information, and finally get high-definition animation video. In the CPU-GPU hybrid method, modules such as force calculation, collision processing, and position update use the GPU method, while overstretching is processed by the CPU method, making the overall performance 10 times higher than the pure CPU method. This research helps to promote the development of 3D virtual clothing design.
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Ibelli, Guilherme Siqueira, Juliana Machado Barroso, Alexandre Capelli, Júlio César Emboava Spanó, and Jesus Djalma Pécora. "Influence of cervical preflaring on apical file size determination in maxillary lateral incisors." Brazilian Dental Journal 18, no. 2 (2007): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402007000200003.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of cervical preflaring on determination of the initial apical file in maxillary lateral incisors. Forty human lateral incisors with complete root formation were used. After standard access cavities, a size 06 K-file was inserted into each canal until the apical foramen was reached. The WL (WL) was set 1 mm short of the apical foramen. Four groups (n=10) were formed at random, according to the type of cervical preflaring performed. Group 1 received the initial apical instrument without previous preflaring of the cervical and middle root canal thirds. Group 2 had the cervical and middle root canal thirds enlarged with nickel-titanium Orifice Opener instruments. Group 3 had the cervical and middle root canal thirds enlarged with Gates-Glidden drills. Titanium-nitrite treated, stainless steel LA Axxess burs were used for preflaring the cervical and middle root canal thirds of group 4. Each canal was sized using manual K-files, starting with size 08 files with passive movements until the WL was reached. File sizes were increased until a binding sensation was felt at the WL, and the instrument size was recorded for each tooth. The apical region was then observed under a stereoscopic magnifier, images were recorded digitally and the differences between root canal and maximum file diameters were recorded (in mm) for each sample. Significant differences were found between the groups regarding the anatomical diameter at the WL and the first file to bind the canal (p = 0.01). The major discrepancy was found when no preflaring was performed (0.1882 mm average). Canals preflared with Orifice Opener instruments (0.0485 mm average) and Gates-Glidden drills (0.1074 mm average) also showed great discrepancy. The LA Axxess burs produced the smallest differences between anatomical diameter and first file to bind (0.0119 mm average). Instrument binding technique for determining anatomical diameter at WL was not accurate. Preflaring of the cervical and middle thirds of the root canal improved anatomical diameter determination; the instrument used for preflaring played a major role on determination of the anatomical diameter at the WL. Canals preflared with LA Axxess burs created a more accurate relationship between file size and anatomical diameter.
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Al-Nasrawi, Suhad Jabbar Hamed, Zuha Ayad Jaber, Nibrass Talib Al-Quraine, Abtesam Imhemed Aljdaimi, Sattar Jabbar Abdul-Zahra Al-Hmedat, Saleh Zidan, and Julfikar Haider. "Impact of Peracetic Acid on the Dynamic Cyclic Fatigue of Heat-Treated Nickel-Titanium Rotary Endodontic Instrument." International Journal of Dentistry 2021 (January 19, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6676005.
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Peracetic acid (PAA) is widely used as a sterilizing/disinfecting agent, and, in endodontics, it has been introduced as a promising irrigant in root canal treatment. It has been used at different concentrations to achieve various functions. However, endodontic instruments in contact with PAA of a certain concentration may affect their fatigue resistance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of PAA on the cyclic fatigue resistance of three commercial heat-treated nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary files. Three types of heat-treated NiTi rotary files were selected: One Curve (OC), ProTaper Gold (PTG), and Wave One Gold (WOG). Each type was divided into three subgroups (n = 6 for each file type): (1) untreated instruments; (2) files immersed in 0.002% PAA; and (3) files immersed in 0.35% PAA. The performance of each file type was tested in a simulated canal. The number of cycles to fracture (NCF) was determined to assess cyclic fatigue resistance of the files. Independent sample t-test was applied to compare each treated file within a subgroup with its respective control group, and one-way ANOVA was used for comparison among the main groups. All types of tested files revealed a significant decline in the cyclic fatigue resistance after exposure to 0.002% PAA except the PTG ( P = 0.209 ). After exposure of the files to a higher concentration (0.35% PAA), a dramatic reduction was demonstrated by all the groups. Before and after exposure of the files to PAA, PTG displayed the highest cyclic fatigue resistance, followed by the WOG, while the OC showed the lowest resistance. Exposure of heated-treated NiTi files to PAA in a relatively high or low concentration adversely affects the cyclic fatigue resistance. The PTG files demonstrated the best performance among the tested types and can be disinfected with 0.002% PAA for clinical purpose.
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Kaisers , Wolfgang, Holger Schwender, and Heiner Schaal . "Hierarchical Clustering of DNA k-mer Counts in RNAseq Fastq Files Identifies Sample Heterogeneities." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 11 (November 21, 2018): 3687. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19113687.
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We apply hierarchical clustering (HC) of DNA k-mer counts on multiple Fastq files. The tree structures produced by HC may reflect experimental groups and thereby indicate experimental effects, but clustering of preparation groups indicates the presence of batch effects. Hence, HC of DNA k-mer counts may serve as a diagnostic device. In order to provide a simple applicable tool we implemented sequential analysis of Fastq reads with low memory usage in an R package (seqTools) available on Bioconductor. The approach is validated by analysis of Fastq file batches containing RNAseq data. Analysis of three Fastq batches downloaded from ArrayExpress indicated experimental effects. Analysis of RNAseq data from two cell types (dermal fibroblasts and Jurkat cells) sequenced in our facility indicate presence of batch effects. The observed batch effects were also present in reads mapped to the human genome and also in reads filtered for high quality (Phred > 30). We propose, that hierarchical clustering of DNA k-mer counts provides an unspecific diagnostic tool for RNAseq experiments. Further exploration is required once samples are identified as outliers in HC derived trees.
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Jensen, Travis L., Michael Frasketi, Kevin Conway, Leigh Villarroel, Heather Hill, Konstantinos Krampis, and Johannes B. Goll. "RSEQREP: RNA-Seq Reports, an open-source cloud-enabled framework for reproducible RNA-Seq data processing, analysis, and result reporting." F1000Research 6 (December 21, 2017): 2162. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.13049.1.
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RNA-Seq is increasingly being used to measure human RNA expression on a genome-wide scale. Expression profiles can be interrogated to identify and functionally characterize treatment-responsive genes. Ultimately, such controlled studies promise to reveal insights into molecular mechanisms of treatment effects, identify biomarkers, and realize personalized medicine. RNA-Seq Reports (RSEQREP) is a new open-source cloud-enabled framework that allows users to execute start-to-end gene-level RNA-Seq analysis on a preconfigured RSEQREP Amazon Virtual Machine Image (AMI) hosted by AWS or on their own Ubuntu Linux machine. The framework works with unstranded, stranded, and paired-end sequence FASTQ files stored locally, on Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3), or at the Sequence Read Archive (SRA). RSEQREP automatically executes a series of customizable steps including reference alignment, CRAM compression, reference alignment QC, data normalization, multivariate data visualization, identification of differentially expressed genes, heatmaps, co-expressed gene clusters, enriched pathways, and a series of custom visualizations. The framework outputs a file collection that includes a dynamically generated PDF report using R, knitr, and LaTeX, as well as publication-ready table and figure files. A user-friendly configuration file handles sample metadata entry, processing, analysis, and reporting options. The configuration supports time series RNA-Seq experimental designs with at least one pre- and one post-treatment sample for each subject, as well as multiple treatment groups and specimen types. All RSEQREP analyses components are built using open-source R code and R/Bioconductor packages allowing for further customization. As a use case, we provide RSEQREP results for a trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) RNA-Seq study that collected 1 pre-TIV and 10 post-TIV vaccination samples (days 1-10) for 5 subjects and two specimen types (peripheral blood mononuclear cells and B-cells).
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Jensen, Travis L., Michael Frasketi, Kevin Conway, Leigh Villarroel, Heather Hill, Konstantinos Krampis, and Johannes B. Goll. "RSEQREP: RNA-Seq Reports, an open-source cloud-enabled framework for reproducible RNA-Seq data processing, analysis, and result reporting." F1000Research 6 (April 13, 2018): 2162. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.13049.2.
Full textAbstract:
RNA-Seq is increasingly being used to measure human RNA expression on a genome-wide scale. Expression profiles can be interrogated to identify and functionally characterize treatment-responsive genes. Ultimately, such controlled studies promise to reveal insights into molecular mechanisms of treatment effects, identify biomarkers, and realize personalized medicine. RNA-Seq Reports (RSEQREP) is a new open-source cloud-enabled framework that allows users to execute start-to-end gene-level RNA-Seq analysis on a preconfigured RSEQREP Amazon Virtual Machine Image (AMI) hosted by AWS or on their own Ubuntu Linux machine via a Docker container or installation script. The framework works with unstranded, stranded, and paired-end sequence FASTQ files stored locally, on Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3), or at the Sequence Read Archive (SRA). RSEQREP automatically executes a series of customizable steps including reference alignment, CRAM compression, reference alignment QC, data normalization, multivariate data visualization, identification of differentially expressed genes, heatmaps, co-expressed gene clusters, enriched pathways, and a series of custom visualizations. The framework outputs a file collection that includes a dynamically generated PDF report using R, knitr, and LaTeX, as well as publication-ready table and figure files. A user-friendly configuration file handles sample metadata entry, processing, analysis, and reporting options. The configuration supports time series RNA-Seq experimental designs with at least one pre- and one post-treatment sample for each subject, as well as multiple treatment groups and specimen types. All RSEQREP analyses components are built using open-source R code and R/Bioconductor packages allowing for further customization. As a use case, we provide RSEQREP results for a trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) RNA-Seq study that collected 1 pre-TIV and 10 post-TIV vaccination samples (days 1-10) for 5 subjects and two specimen types (peripheral blood mononuclear cells and B-cells).
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Zahid, N., S. A. Khan, A. Saqib, and A. Tariq. "Comparison of rotary NiTi reciprocating file systems using Cone Beam CT in root canal transportation." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 6 (June 30, 2021): 1206–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211561206.
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Aim: T assess the root canal transportation caused by these rotary NiTi reciprocating file systems using 3D cone beam computed tomography Method: This experimental study was conducted on 60 samples of rotary NiTi reciprocating file systems using CBCT. The extent of canal transportation and the centering ratio was analyzed using independent sample t test. The significance level was set at 95%. Results: Mean apical canal transportation was lower in wave one Gold groups as compare to Reciproc (0.8724±0.04SD vs 0.9463±0.02SD, p=0.000). Mean apical canal transportation at 5 mm was lower in wave one gold group as compare to reciproc blue group (0.5610±0.02SD vs 0.7253±0.06SD, p=0.000). Mean apical canal transportation at 8mm was lower in wave one group as compare to reciproc blue (0.358±0.03SD vs 0.5766±0.10SD, p=0.000). Conclusion: Wave one Gold had high centering ability and lower canal transportation as compare to Reciproc Blue single file system. CBCT is an efficient method of understanding Canal transportation Keywords: CBCT, NiTi wire, Root canal transportation, Reciproc blue
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Miido, H. "CD-ROM use and file interaction: An analysis of a sample of medical libraries." Journal of Information Science 19, no. 3 (June 1993): 235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016555159301900308.
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Vu, Long, Klara Nahrstedt, Rahul Malik, and Qiyan Wang. "COADA." International Journal of Adaptive, Resilient and Autonomic Systems 2, no. 2 (April 2011): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jaras.2011040101.
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This paper argues that Dynamic Coalition Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Network exists in numerous scenarios where mobile users cluster and form coalitions, and the relationship between sizes of coalitions and distances from mobile nodes to their Point of Interest (PoI) follows exponential distributions. The P2P coalition patterns of mobile users and their exponential distribution behavior can be utilized for efficient and adaptive content file download of cellular users. An adaptive protocol named COADA (COalition-aware Adaptive content DownloAd) is designed that (a) blends cellular and P2P (e.g., WiFi or Bluetooth) wireless interfaces, (b) leverages the clustering of people into P2P coalitions when moving towards PoI, and (c) utilizes exponential-coalition-size function of the Dynamic Coalition P2P Network to minimize the cellular download and meet content file download deadline. With COADA protocol, mobile nodes periodically sample the current P2P coalition size and predict the future coalition size using the exponential function. In order to decide how much file data is available in P2P coalition channels versus how much file data must be downloaded from the server over the cellular network, Online Codes techniques are used and tune cellular download timers to meet the file download deadline. The simulation results show that COADA achieves considerable performance improvements by downloading less file data from the cellular channel and more file data over the P2P coalition network while meeting the file download deadline.
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Sun, Zhi Li, Peng Fei Chen, Feng He Zhang, and Ya Dan Huang. "Reliability Sensitivity Analysis of Sliding Bearing Based on Virtual Simulation Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 16-19 (October 2009): 334–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.16-19.334.
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As a non-linear finite element analysis software ANSYS/LS-DYNA is used to carry out virtual reliability test in transmission mechanism of reciprocating compressor and response surface method is used to analyze reliability and sensitivity of sliding bearing according to testing data. This paper uses ANSYS to preprocess testing models of virtual prototype and put out the K file; designs sample points of random variables based on central composite method and modifies the K files to carry out random sampling of prototype and uses LS-DYNA970 to solve the submitted K files repeatedly; plots relationship curves of output responses and time history and gets a group of sample points of structure response with post-processing results of LS-PREPOST. Lastly this paper uses response surface method to build limit state equation and analyze reliability and sensitivity of sliding bearing, and provides theoretical basis for design of bearing.
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Cong, Yu, Hui Du, and Miklos A. Vasarhelyi. "Are XBRL Files Being Accessed? Evidence from the SEC EDGAR Log File Dataset." Journal of Information Systems 32, no. 3 (August 1, 2017): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/isys-51885.
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ABSTRACT We provide evidence of whether users of financial reports are accessing XBRL files, the XBRL component of an SEC filing. The possibility of exempting small companies from the XBRL mandate was raised in a legislative debate in which some argued that XBRL files are not being used by small company investors. Using data from the EDGAR log file dataset, we counted the exact number of user accesses to the XBRL files and their corresponding conventional files in HTML, PDF, or text when users access financial disclosures for SEC filings. During the sample period of the third quarter of 2012 through the first quarter of 2015, we obtained 12,483,699 valid user accesses to 5,016 unique XBRL filings made by 880 small companies that are subject to the legislation. Among the user accesses, 61 percent are to access XBRL files, while 39 percent are to access the conventional (non-XBRL) files. The results suggest that small company investors not only access XBRL files but also prefer them to the non-XBRL files when both are available to download for a filing. Our direct measure of user access provides evidence of possible use of XBRL files by investors. Data Availability: Data are derived from publicly available sources. Contact the first author for the derived dataset.
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de Woolf, P. M., and J. W. Visser. "Absolute Intensities - Outline of a Recommended Practice." Powder Diffraction 3, no. 4 (December 1988): 202–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715600013488.
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The X-Ray Powder Data File (XRPDF) enables one to identify the compounds in a sample. More often than not, however, a semi-quantitative analysis is wanted. Visual inspection of the pattern may give a vague impression of the composition, but the errors of such a result are usually not within reasonable limits. Clearly a less subjective and more accurate method is wanted. If the necessary data are printed on the cards, such a method will greatly enlarge the usefulness of the File.
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McKenzie, Jordi, and W. David Walls. "File Sharing and Film Revenues: Estimates of Sales Displacement at the Box Office." B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy 16, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 25–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bejeap-2015-0004.
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Abstract This study examines the impact of peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing on the Australian theatrical film industry. Using a large data set of torrent downloads observed on three popular P2P networks, we find evidence of a sales displacement effect on box office revenues. However, although statistically significant, the economic significance of this displacement appears relatively small. To establish causality, we make use of the state-day-level panel data structure permitting the use of film fixed effects to help mitigate the endogeneity between film revenues and downloads. To further assist identification, we propose a downloading cost function that considers other states’ downloading activities as a proxy for the number of peers in the download swarm; the US DVD release date as a supply shock to P2P networks; and the substantial structural progression within the Australian internet service provision industry that occurred over the sample period. We observe that the release gap between the US and Australian markets is a key contributor to piracy early in a film’s theatrical life. This finding provides a partial explanation for the industry’s move towards coordinated worldwide releases.
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Sujadmiko, Bayu. "TPP (Trans-Pacific Partnership) and Digital Copyright Infringement (Conflict Interest between Japan, USA, and Indonesia)." FIAT JUSTISIA:Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 11, no. 1 (December 11, 2017): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.25041/fiatjustisia.v11no1.622.
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Japan and the United States are sample countries, which have effectively control to reduce the number of illegal file sharing. They attempt to create a healthy Internet environment by promoting the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP). However, not all the members and its domestic parliaments agree with the whole provisions, specifically on Intellectual Property Chapter. Though, they keep strain to invite other nations to join the treaty. Indonesia agreed with the virtuous purposes of TPP, but it is too fast for Indonesia to ratify into domestic regulation. Indonesia is not ready yet to face the global market with low-potency. The article will show what the interest of both countries behind the TPP agreement is. It also describes how domestic copyright regulation touches illegal file sharing practices. Keywords: TPP, illegal file sharing, enforcement
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Griffin, Frank. "404 File Not Found: Citing Unstable Web Sources." Business Communication Quarterly 66, no. 2 (June 2003): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108056990306600204.
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Researchers, including students, must accommodate to the mutating character of hyperlinks on the World Wide Web. A small study of citations in three volumes of BCQ demonstrates the phenomenon of " URL rot," the disappearance of sites cited in the sample articles. Digital technology itself is now being used to create pockets of permanence, but with the understanding that preservation of content is only one ingredient in the mix of media and format migration. Databases like JSTOR offer digitally preserved copies of many scholarly journals. Online journals and search engines may offer their own archives. In general, researchers should cite digital articles in databases where possible and consider avoiding references to online journals with print editions.
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Ji, Eun, James Schaller, Barbara Pazey, and Kate Glynn. "Education and Employment Outcomes from the RSA Data File for Transition-Age African American, White, and Hispanic Youth with Learning Disabilities." Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling 46, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0047-2220.46.3.15.
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Relationships among consumer demographic variables, services, and employment outcomes for 25,218 15 to 18 year old youth with learning disabilities were examined using the Rehabilitation Services Administration database from 2012. The 25,218 individuals were randomly split for cross-validation purposes into Sample One and Sample Two. A separate logistic regression was run for each sample. Variables significant for both samples included being African American, college and occupational training, and job placement. The correct classification of the logistic regression for Sample One was 67.1% and for Sample Two it was 66%. African American males had significantly lower successful employment rates than White or Hispanic males. African American females had significantly lower successful employment rates than White or Hispanic females. Mean earnings per week for White males and females combined were significantly higher than African American males and females combined. Hypotheses for the above findings include White and Hispanic youth using job placement resources at educational institutions, cultural mistrust, and rehabilitation counselors following youth’s expressed preferences. Implications for practice include engaging ethnically diverse consumers in vocational rehabilitation through an empowerment approach and viewing family involvement in transition planning as a continuum.
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Naeem, Alaa M., and Iman M. Al-Zaka. "The influence of different root canal irrigants on the push-out bond strength of AH plus and Bioceramic sealers." Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry 33, no. 2 (June 11, 2021): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.26477/jbcd.v33i2.2935.
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Background: The bond strength of endodontic sealers with dentin is a very important property for maintaining the integrity and seal of the root canal filling. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of various irrigants (QMix, 17% EDTA and 2.5% NaOCl) on the push-out bond strength of AH plus and Bioceramic sealers. Materials and methods: Forty eight freshly extracted maxillary first molars human teeth with striaght palatal root were used in the study. The collected samples were randomly divided into three groups of equal sample size (n=16), according to the final irrigation regimen as follows: Group (1): QMix 2 in 1, Group (2): 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, Group (3): 2.5% sodium hypochloride. All samples were instrumented using Edge file X7 rotary instrument reaching file size 40/.04 as the final master apical file. After that each group was randomly divided into two subgroups (n=8) according to the type of sealer used: AH Plus and Total Fill BC Sealer. Obturation was conducted using single cone technique with gutta percha (GP) to all experimental roots. Two-millimeter thick slices were obtained from the middle section of the root. Bond strength of sealers was measured via a universal testing machine by using stainless steel plunger. Then, the data were statistically evaluated using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc test (Bonferroni’s test). Results: The push-out bond strength was significantly increased by the “irrigant” factor (P≤0.05) and by “sealer/irrigation solution” interaction (P≤0.05). Final rinse with QMix solution with BC sealer showed the highest mean value of bond strength (5.976 MPa), with a significant difference with other groups (P≤0.05), while NaOCl with AH Plus sealer showed the lowest mean value of bond strength (3.811 MPa). Conclusion: Final irrigation of the root canals with different irrigants improved the endodontic sealer's bond strength, and QMix had a positive influence on the adhesion of BC sealer.
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Lee, Chye Heng, Cheow Keat Yeoh, K. A. Hamzah, and Pei Leng Teh. "Mechanical Properties of Copper Ferrite CuFe2O4-Polymer Composite Fabricated Using 3D Printer." Materials Science Forum 888 (March 2017): 203–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.888.203.
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The effect of speed of powder dispenser on the mechanical properties of ABS-CuFe2O4 composites was studied. The samples in the experiment were printed by a 3D printer which produces three-dimensional objects from the digital file which are built up layer by layer. The amount of filler content added into each sample was controlled by the speed of powder dispenser which is off, low, medium, and high. The properties of pure ABS and composite ABS CuFe2O4 samples were investigated based on the distribution of fillers. Weight percentage (wt. %) of filler added into each sample was determined by using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Tensile test and Vickers microhardness were carried out to determine the effect of filler content on mechanical properties. Addition of filler content in ABS matrix slightly decreases the strength of composite from 17.1 MPa to 14.64 MPa.
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Lazarus, David B., Johan Renaudie, Dorina Lenz, Patrick Diver, and Jens Klump. "Raritas: a program for counting high diversity categorical data with highly unequal abundances." PeerJ 6 (October 9, 2018): e5453. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5453.
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Acquiring data on the occurrences of many types of difficult to identify objects are often still made by human observation, for example, in biodiversity and paleontologic research. Existing computer counting programs used to record such data have various limitations, including inflexibility and cost. We describe a new open-source program for this purpose—Raritas. Raritas is written in Python and can be run as a standalone app for recent versions of either MacOS or Windows, or from the command line as easily customized source code. The program explicitly supports a rare category count mode which makes it easier to collect quantitative data on rare categories, for example, rare species which are important in biodiversity surveys. Lastly, we describe the file format used by Raritas and propose it as a standard for storing geologic biodiversity data. ‘Stratigraphic occurrence data’ file format combines extensive sample metadata and a flexible structure for recording occurrence data of species or other categories in a series of samples.
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Li, Hang, Chenzheng Zhang, Qing Li, Changning Wang, and Yaling Song. "Comparison of cleaning efficiency and deformation characteristics of Twisted File and ProTaper rotary instruments." European Journal of Dentistry 08, no. 02 (April 2014): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.130598.
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ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of the following study is to compare the cleaning efficiency and deformation characteristics of Twisted File (TF) and ProTaper (PT) nickel-titanium rotary instruments in root canal preparation. Materials and Methods: A total of 52 canals from 26 extracted maxillary first molars were randomly assigned into two groups of each including 13 mesiobuccal and 12 distobuccal (DB) canals. Two DB canals were as blank controls. After preparation with TF and PT, we recorded the preparation time and evaluate the amounts of debris and smear layer at apical, middle and coronal canals under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Three cross-sections of canals at 3 mm, 5 mm and 7 mm from the apex foramens were scanned before and after preparation under micro-computed tomography. Changes of the cross-section area (CSA) at the three levels were calculated with Photoshop CS4. File deformation was also investigated under SEM. Two groups were statistically compared with Mann-Whitney test and independent sample t-test. Results: Less debris and smear layer were found in coronal regions of canals prepared with TF (P = 0.006, P = 0.001, respectively). TF group displayed more CSA change than PT group (P = 0.045) at cross-sections of 5 mm from the apex foramens and took significantly less preparation time than PT group did (P = 9.06 × 10−28). All five TF files without obvious micro-cracks and two out of 25 PT files with many micro-cracks showed visible unwound deformation. Conclusion: Neither TF nor PT achieves complete cleanliness of canal walls. Their deformation features might indicate different fracture resistance. TF single-file technique would substantially shorten the time of root canal preparation.
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Taylor, J. C., and C. E. Matulis. "A new method for Rietveld clay analysis. Part I. Use of a universal measured standard profile for Rietveld quantification of montmorillonites." Powder Diffraction 9, no. 2 (June 1994): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715600014093.
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A new method for the quantification of montmorillonite by full-profile Rietveld analysis of the XRD profile is presented. A measured standard XRD pattern of Algerian bentonite was used to construct a universally applicable montmorillonite (hkl) file for use with a P.C. based Rietveld XRD quantitative analysis system, SIROQUANT. “Universal” means that the standard file can be used for montmorillonites from other localities. The validity of the montmorillonite standard profile was tested with weighed mixtures of quartz and different standard montmorillonites. The results show the montmorillonite observed (hkl) file is generally applicable (i.e., universal), and can be used to quantify montmorillonite in any mineral without modification or chemical treatment of the sample. Two halfwidth functions were used for the montmorillonite, corresponding to the sharp (hk0) and broad (hkl) classes of reflections. A March preferred orientation parameter for montmorillonite was also refined.
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Veselovská, Lenka. "EFFECTS OF ACHIEVING SUPPLY CHAIN FLEXIBILITY." Balkans Journal of Emerging Trends in Social Sciences 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/balkans.jetss.2020.3.1.40-47.
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This research study focuses on the current topic of supply chain management which serves as a tool for manufacturing enterprises to cope with pressure put on them by continuously changing market conditions and the global economy itself. Paper presents the results of research conducted on the sample file of Slovak production enterprises. The main aim of this research study is to explore the extent of achieving agility, adaptability and alignment as secondary effects of supply chain flexibility in Slovak manufacturing enterprises. Representativeness of the sample file was confirmed by the application of Pearson´s chi-squared test (χ2 - test) due to the criterion of an enterprise’s size. The results of this research provide a clear image of business reality in terms of supply chain organization and therefore have implications for business practice which may serve managers in their decision-making process in supply chain management.
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Chen, Juan, Lu Wang, and Qingbao Hu. "Machine Learning-based Anomaly Detection of Ganglia Monitoring Data in HEP Data Center." EPJ Web of Conferences 245 (2020): 07061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202024507061.
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This paper introduces a generic and scalable anomaly detection framework. Anomaly detection can improve operation and maintenance efficiency and assure experiments can be carried out effectively. The framework facilitates common tasks such as data sample building, retagging and visualization, deviation measurement and performance measurement for machine learning-based anomaly detection methods. The samples we used are sourced from Ganglia monitoring data. There are several anomaly detection methods to handle spatial and temporal anomalies within the framework. Finally, we show the rudimental application of the framework on Lustre distributed file systems in daily operation and maintenance.
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Manly, Tracy S., Deborah W. Thomas, and Christina M. Ritsema. "Attracting Nonfilers through Amnesty Programs: Internal versus External Motivation." Journal of the American Taxation Association 27, s-1 (January 1, 2005): 75–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jata.2005.27.s-1.75.
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We investigate a subset of nonfilers by analyzing data provided by the Arkansas Department of Finance and Administration (DFA) from the 1997 Arkansas State Tax Penalty Amnesty. Our data sources include the tax returns filed by amnesty participants, a voluntary, confidential survey completed by approximately 32 percent of amnesty filers, and a list of amnesty participants who received a notice from DFA under the FedState data-sharing program during the amnesty period. We divide our sample into three groups based on motivation for participating in the amnesty program. The first group consists of taxpayers who did not receive a notification from the DFA under the FedState data-sharing program and chose independently to participate in the amnesty. This group is designated as internally motivated. A second group of taxpayers, labeled as externally motivated, received a DFA letter, and their survey responses indicate that they would not have known otherwise that they were noncompliant. The third group received a letter and were aware of their failure to file Arkansas returns. The motivations of this group are mixed. Using both univariate tests and multinomial logistic regression, we compare these three groups on four dimensions: tax return information, demographic information, excuses for failure to file, and reasons for voluntarily coming forward during the amnesty period. We find that the groups are different on several dimensions, most notably income level and excuses offered for failure to file a return when due.
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Goodchild, A. V., and F. J. El Haramein. "Standardizing near infrared reflectance spectra by detrending against a water spectrum, for calibrating the voluntary intake of barley straw by sheep." BSAP Occasional Publication 22 (1998): 315–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00032985.
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The moisture content of samples affects the accuracy of predictions made using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS). One way to prevent the problem is to develop a repeatability file, which summarizes variation in the spectra of a single sample resulting from variation in conditions at the time of scanning (Murray, 1993). Another method is to re-read the spectra of all samples on a second occasion when their moisture content has been deliberately altered (Murray, 1993). The present study, using straws with known voluntary intakes, compares these methods with a simple technique that compensates the spectra for moisture content before NIRS calibration (or prediction) begins.
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M.S. Tg Sulaiman, T., S. B. Mohamed, M. Minhat, A. S. Mohamed, and A. R. Mohamed. "Integrated Interface Development Environment using STEP Universal Data Structure." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.15 (April 6, 2018): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.15.11194.
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Nowadays modern manufacturing demands advanced computer controller, having higher input language and less proprietary vendor dependencies. STEP stands for Standard for the Exchange of Product model data is the next generation of data model between CAD/CAM and CNC system. STEP is still under research and development all around the world. This paper describes the design, development and testing of an integrated Interface development environment for STEP file using Universal Data Structure, which aims to provide support for machining operation. The system also aims to provide function of reading and extracting the relevant information associated with the machining data and to write the G-Code file. The sample of machined block is designed from 3D CAD modeler which consisted of features need to be machined from a blank workpiece and saved in the STEP file format. The validation process will be done using the simulation in the Mach3 software.
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Abousalem, Zib ziab. "3D from 2D for Nano images using images processing methods." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 14, no. 2 (December 11, 2014): 5437–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v14i2.2064.
Full textAbstract:
The scanning electron microscope (SEM) remains a main tool for semiconductor and polymer physics but TEM and AFM are increasingly used for minimum size features which called nanomaterials. In addition some physical properties such as microhardness, grain boundaries and domain structure are observed from optical and polarizing microscope which gives poor information and consequentially the error probability of discussion will be high.Thus it is natural to squeeze out every possible bit of resolution in the SEM, optical and polarizing microscopes for the materials under test. In our paper we will tackling this problem using different image processing techniques to get more clarify and sufficient information.In the suggested paper we will obtain set of images for prepared samples under different conditions and with different physical properties. These images will be analyzed using the above mentioned technique which starting by converting the prepared samples images (gray scale or colored images) to data file (*.dat) in two dimensional using programming. The 2D data will convert to 3D data file using FORTRAN programming. All images will subject to the generate filter algorithm for 3D data file. After filtering the 3D data file we can establish histogram, contours and 3D surface to analysis the image. Another technique will be prepared using Visual FORTRAN for steepest descent algorithm (SDA) which gives the vector map for the obtained data. Finally the depth from one single still image will be created and determine using OpenGL library under Visual C++ language, as well as, perform texture mapping. The quality of filtering depends on the way the data is incorporated into the model. Data should be treated carefully. From our paper we can analysis any part from any image without reanalysis the image, all size of the image as in this paper we take three samples with different size (256 * 256), (400 * 400), (510 * 510), this method decrees the cost of hardware and sample.
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Abousalem, Zib ziab. "3D from 2D for Nano images using images processing methods." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 14, no. 2 (December 11, 2014): 5437–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v14i2.2065.
Full textAbstract:
The scanning electron microscope (SEM) remains a main tool for semiconductor and polymer physics but TEM and AFM are increasingly used for minimum size features which called nanomaterials. In addition some physical properties such as microhardness, grain boundaries and domain structure are observed from optical and polarizing microscope which gives poor information and consequentially the error probability of discussion will be high. Thus it is natural to squeeze out every possible bit of resolution in the SEM, optical and polarizing microscopes for the materials under test. In our paper we will tackling this problem using different image processing techniques to get more clarify and sufficient information. In the suggested paper we will obtain set of images for prepared samples under different conditions and with different physical properties. These images will be analyzed using the above mentioned technique which starting by converting the prepared samples images (gray scale or colored images) to data file (*.dat) in two dimensional using programming. The 2D data will convert to 3D data file using FORTRAN programming. All images will subject to the generate filter algorithm for 3D data file. After filtering the 3D data file we can establish histogram, contours and 3D surface to analysis the image. Another technique will be prepared using Visual FORTRAN for steepest descent algorithm (SDA) which gives the vector map for the obtained data. Finally the depth from one single still image will be created and determine using OpenGL library under Visual C++ language, as well as, perform texture mapping. The quality of filtering depends on the way the data is incorporated into the model. Data should be treated carefully. From our paper we can analysis any part from any image without reanalysis the image, all size of the image as in this paper we take three samples with different size (256 * 256), (400 * 400), (510 * 510), this method decrees the cost of hardware and sample.
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Vodopyanov, Alexey S., Yury N. Khomyakov, Ruslan V. Pisanov, Angelina Yu Furina, Anton A. Lopatin, and Alexey K. Noskov. "Development of a program for automated recording of the results of polymerase chain reaction studies in real time in the conditions of a massive intake of biological material during the COVID-19 pandemic." Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases 25, no. 2 (November 23, 2020): 102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/eid46555.
Full textAbstract:
With regard to the rapid spread of the latest coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in the Russian Federation in 2020, 70 workplaces were organized in Antiplague Center of Rospotrebnadzor and were seconded by specialists from the Rospotrebnadzor research antiplague institutes. However, the round-the-clock three-shift mode of operation significantly complicates the organization and documentation of the studies and increases the risk of errors.
Subsequently in Antiplague Center of Rospotrebnadzor, we have conducted the work to automate the most problematic stages of conducting polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies for the latest coronavirus infection and to develop an algorithm for real-time monitoring of the results.
The development of our own software solutions was carried out in Python 3.8.2.
The initial data for automation were.xlsx files automatically generated by the thermocycler software and typical tabular templates filled in at the sample analysis and RNA extraction stages. The software we developed consolidated the data into a single file register to detect potential errors simultaneously (e.g., the presence of duplicates, differences in the lists of samples at different stages, etc.). Using the Python scripting language provides cross-platform functionality (the ability to work in any operating system) and allows you to easily and quickly modify the system when changing any parameters or input file structure. Thus, 7 days were spent on the development and commissioning of this software complex, which is particularly important when working in an emergency and high alert mode.
Therefore, using the approach we developed made it possible to more quickly detect technical errors, discordant results, and samples requiring re-examination, which in turn reduced the time for issuing results.