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Journal articles on the topic 'Fill material'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

TAKEI, SATOSHI, SANGWOONG YOON, TOMOYA OHASHI, et al. "CORRELATION BETWEEN SIMULATION AND EXPERIMENT USING UV CURABLE GAP FILL MATERIALS FOR GLOBAL PLANARIZATION." International Journal of Nanoscience 08, no. 01n02 (2009): 103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x09005840.

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This study focuses on the correlation between simulation and experiment using UV curable gap fill materials for global planarization in advanced lithographic and nanoimprinting techniques. A novel gap fill material has been optimized and developed for global planarization properties. Gap fill materials planarize irregular substrates such as patterned steps, vias, and trenches to increase depth of focus and patterning resolution. After planarizing the substrate surface, the gap fill materials provide dry etching selectivity to the under-layer to avoid damaging the dielectric materials. In the c

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2

Ozgur, Arif, and Hilmi Bayrakci. "Experimental investigation of air side pressure loss for wet-cooling tower fills." Thermal Science 24, no. 3 Part B (2020): 2047–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci180709317o.

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The pressure loss of air-flow in the cooling tower was measured experimentally with three different type cooling tower fill materials. Air mass flux (3.13 < Ga , < 5.21 kg/m2s), water mass flux (2.43 < Gw , < 5.21 kg/m2s) and height of the fill material (0.6, 0.8, and 1 m) were used as variable parameters for experimental works. Film, curler and splash type fillings were tested in the forced draft counter flow cooling tower unit which has 0.4 ? 0.4 m2 cross-section area. Experimental results were presented graphically. However, these results correlated for each type cooling tower f

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Gönder, Hakan Yasin, Reza Mohammadi, Abdulkadir Harmankaya, İbrahim Burak Yüksel, Yasemin Derya Fidancıoğlu, and Said Karabekiroğlu. "Teeth Restored with Bulk–Fill Composites and Conventional Resin Composites; Investigation of Stress Distribution and Fracture Lifespan on Enamel, Dentin, and Restorative Materials via Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis." Polymers 15, no. 7 (2023): 1637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15071637.

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Objectives: the aim of this study was to examine the stress distribution of enamel, dentin, and restorative materials in sound first molar teeth with restored cavities with conventional resin composites and bulk–fill composites, as well as to determine their fracture lifetimes by using the three-dimensional finite element stress analysis method. Materials and Methods: an extracted sound number 26 tooth was scanned with a dental tomography device and recorded. Images were obtained as dicom files, and these files were transferred to the Mimics 12.00 program. In this program, different masks were

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Marovic, Danijela, Matej Par, Matea Macan, Nikolina Klarić, Iva Plazonić, and Zrinka Tarle. "Aging-Dependent Changes in Mechanical Properties of the New Generation of Bulk-Fill Composites." Materials 15, no. 3 (2022): 902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15030902.

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This study evaluated the behavior of a new generation of bulk-fill resin composites after prolonged exposure to an aqueous environment and accelerated aging in ethanol. Six bulk-fill materials were tested (Tetric PowerFill, Filtek One Bulk Fill Restorative, Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill, Fill-Up!, Tetric PowerFlow, SDR Plus Bulk Fill Flowable) and compared to two conventional reference materials (Tetric EvoCeram and Tetric EvoFlow). Flexural strength, modulus, and Weibull parameters were examined at three time points: 1 day, 30 days, and 30 days followed by ethanol immersion. Degree of conversion

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Paolone, Gaetano, Eugenio Moratti, Cecilia Goracci, Enrico Gherlone, and Alessandro Vichi. "Effect of Finishing Systems on Surface Roughness and Gloss of Full-Body Bulk-Fill Resin Composites." Materials 13, no. 24 (2020): 5657. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13245657.

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Background: In this study, we assess the effect produced on roughness and gloss of full-body bulk-fill materials by different finishing and polishing systems. Methods: Four full-body bulk-fill materials were tested: SonicFill2 (SF), Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior Restorative (FB), Tetric EvoCeram bulk-fill (EC), and Fill-Up! (FU). Sixty discs per material (2 mm in thickness and 7 mm in diameter) were obtained and randomly assigned (n = 15) to four finishing and polishing methods: Sof-Lex Spiral Wheels (SW), HiLusterPLUS (HL), Astropol (AP), and Opti1Step (OS). Surface roughness and gloss were then

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Almulhim, Khalid S., Ashwin C. Shetty, Hanan Alkathiri, Dalal Alabdulqader, and Fatimah Al-Yami. "In vitro comparison of color stability and surface roughness of bulk fill flowable composite and universal packable composite." F1000Research 12 (September 25, 2023): 1192. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.122064.1.

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Background: Bulk fill composites have been introduced as restorative material, where they can be cured up to 4 mm thickness. In this research, we evaluated several flowable bulk fill composite material that can be used as anterior restorations, by testing color stability and surface roughness and compare them to the universal packable composite. Methods: 120 disc-shaped specimens were made from four composite materials shade A1: One universal packable composite (Filtek Z250 XT Universal), and three bulk fill flowable composite (G-aenial Flo X, Filtek Bulk Fill, SDR Plus Bulk Fill). Composite s

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Merabtene, Mahdi, Panu Tanninen, Juha Varis, and Ville Leminen. "Heat sealing evaluation and runnability issues of flexible paper materials in a vertical form fill seal packaging machine." BioResources 17, no. 1 (2021): 223–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.17.1.223-242.

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Vertical form fill seal machines are commonly used to form pouches. This paper aimed to optimize the sealing parameters and evaluate the runnability of flexible paper-based packaging materials with a polyethylene coating, differentiated by their grammages and thicknesses. This was done in comparison with a commercial plastic film, an oriented polypropylene and polyethylene laminate, using two different sealing jaw patterns in an industrial-scale vertical form fill seal machine. Based on the results obtained, the first observable seal was found at a sealing temperature of 90 °C for the paper-ba

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Hakim, Abi Maulana, Samira Albati Kamaruddin, Andhika Sahadewa, Ramli Nazir, and Haris Eko Setyawan. "Effect of Grain Size Distribution on Shear Strength Characteristic of Random Fill Material at Keureuto Dam, Indonesia." Key Engineering Materials 970 (December 15, 2023): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-h30laq.

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Earth-fill dams are commonly constructed by composing different geomaterials to optimally utilize local natural resources. In Indonesia, random fill materials are frequently used as a major composition in dam construction. The term random fill material originated from its broad range of grain size. Grain size distribution influences shear strength characteristics of geomaterials. There are 2 shear strength equations to model the behavior of fill material, i.e., linear Mohr-Coulomb and non-linear power curve. Two series of large scale in situ direct shear tests were performed at Keureuto Dam, I

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Marshalok, O. I., S. G. Mikhaylovskiy, A. A. Ivanova, and D. B. Timokhina. "Clinical assessment of Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior dental restorative meterial." NAUKA MOLODYKH (Eruditio Juvenium) 9, no. 3 (2021): 457–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.23888/hmj202193457-462.

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At present we notice how much all processes in the world accelerated. This concerns both our life and healthcare, in particular, dentistry. Patients become more demanding and informed, they value their time, in turn, young doctors need much more time for restoration by layer-by-layer application of the material, than experienced doctors. In this context, a material is required that will permit to reduce the time of restauration. The article presents the results of assessment of the effectiveness of Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior restorative material of 3M ESPE manufacture in the practice of an asp

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Karaköy, Hilal, Hakan Yasin Gönder, Reza Mohammadi, Abdulkadir Harmankaya, Makbule Tuğba Tunçdemir, and Emine Gülşah Göktolga. "Examination of stress distribution on Class I cavity restored using amalgam and bulk-fill composite: A 3D finite element stress analysis." International Dental Research 14, Suppl. 1 (2024): 98–105. https://doi.org/10.5577/indentres.570.

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Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the stress distribution on the tooth structure, restorative materials, and periodontal tissues prepared in a computer environment as a result of the forces acting on the mandibular premolar tooth surface, using the finite element stress analysis method. Methodology: The extracted mandibular premolar tooth was scanned with a dental tomography device and recorded. Images were obtained as digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) files, which were transferred to the Mimics 12.00 program. This program was used to create a 3D image of the tooth

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Abdulaali Jlekh, Zahraa, and Zainab M. Abdul-Ameer. "Evaluation of the Cuspal Deflection of Premolars Restored with Different Types of Bulk Fill Composite Restorations (A comparative in vitro study)." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 11, no. 2 (2018): 751–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/1429.

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This in vitro study aimed to assess and compare premolars cuspal deflection that restored with different bulk fill resin materials types (SonicFillTM2, Beautifil Bulk Fill restorative, and FiltekTM Bulk Fill posterior restorative) to those incrementally restored group with conventional composite restorations (low shrinkage universal Tetric Evoceram). A total of 40 intact human maxillary first premolars were prepared into large MOD. Then teeth were randomly classified into four groups (n=10 for each group) according to restorative materials as following: Group A: Teeth were restored with Sonic

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Martínez-Sabio, Laura, Lissethe Peñate, María Arregui, Ana Veloso Duran, José Raúl Blanco, and Francisco Guinot. "Comparison of Shear Bond Strength and Microleakage between Activa™ Bioactive Restorative™ and Bulk-Fill Composites—An In Vitro Study." Polymers 15, no. 13 (2023): 2840. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15132840.

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Bioactive materials have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional restorative materials as part of more conservative dentistry. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the shear bond strength (SBS) and microleakage of a new bioactive restorative material, two bulk-fill restorative composites, and a conventional composite at 24 h, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks. Three hundred and sixty molars and premolars were divided into four groups: ACTIVA™ BioACTIVE Restorative™, Filtek™ Bulk-Fill Restorative Composite, Tetric® N-Ceram Bulk-Fill Composite, and G-aenial® Composite. The normality o

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13

Alqudaihi, FS, NB Cook, KE Diefenderfer, MC Bottino, and JA Platt. "Comparison of Internal Adaptation of Bulk-fill and Increment-fill Resin Composite Materials." Operative Dentistry 44, no. 1 (2019): E32—E44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/17-269-l.

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SUMMARY Objectives: To evaluate 1) the internal adaptation of a light-activated incremental-fill and bulk-fill resin-based composite (RBC) materials by measuring the gap between the restorative material and the tooth structure and 2) the aging effect on internal adaptation. Methods and Materials: Seventy teeth with class I cavity preparations were randomly distributed into five groups; four groups were restored with bulk-fill RBCs: Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill (TEC), SonicFill (SF), QuiXX Posterior Restorative (QX), and X-tra fil (XF); the fifth group was restored with incremental-fill Filtek Sup

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14

Bhat, S. T., and C. W. Lovell. "Mix Design for Flowable Fill." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1589, no. 1 (1997): 26–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1589-04.

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The grout-like material called flowable fill has experienced new popularity, particularly the controlled low-strength material variety, which is easily excavated. The properties ordinarily desired of the mix are: (a) flow under gravity; (b) hardening for early walkability and cover; and (c) ultimate strength low enough to allow ready excavation. Flowability of fresh material is evaluated in a simple spread test. Hardening is measured by a mortar penetrometer, and these values are correlated with unconfined compressive strength. It is desirable to keep the ultimate strength to less than 1 035 k

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15

Zaini, Juliana, Abul Kalam Azad, Saifullah Abu Bakar, and Quentin Hoon Nam Cheok. "Effects of Wetting on the Soil Fabric of Compacted Clay." Applied Mechanics and Materials 789-790 (September 2015): 1166–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.789-790.1166.

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Saturation-unsaturation process of compacted clay fill may lead to loss of shear strength and collapse compression or heave of the fill. These are the two main engineering problems associated with compacted clay fills and naturally before, granular based compacted fills are often employed at construction sites. Use of granular material for compaction may not be economical and sustainable. Therefore, a laboratory-based study was carried out to examine the structure of the compacted clay when used as backfill material. Several kaolin clay specimens prepared under similar condition were subjected

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16

Yadu, Laxmikant, and R. K. Tripathi. "Response of Circular Footing on New Key Engineering Material - Granulated Blast Furnace Slag as Structural Fill." Advanced Materials Research 1119 (July 2015): 726–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1119.726.

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Granulated Blast furnace Slag (GBS) has good potential to be use as granular material in place of conventional granular materials i.e. sand and aggregate. It can be use as structural fill in low laying areas. In such cases, it is required to evaluate the bearing capacity of the fill and reinforced it with some suitable reinforcing materials to enhance the bearing capacity. In this study, Response of circular footing was studied by using GBS as fill material and geogrid as reinforcing material. Only one geometric parameter i.e. number of geogrid layers was considered to get the response of circ

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17

Schwerdt, Sven, Dominik Mirschel, Tobias Hildebrandt, Max Wilke, and Petra Schneider. "Substitute Building Materials in Geogrid-Reinforced Soil Structures." Sustainability 13, no. 22 (2021): 12519. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132212519.

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The feasibility of substitute building materials (SBMs) in engineering applications was investigated within the project. A geogrid-reinforced soil structure (GRSS) was built using SBM as the fill material as well as vegetated soil for facing and on top of the construction. Four different SBMs were used as fill material, namely blast furnace slag (BFS), electric furnace slag (EFS), track ballast (TB), and recycled concrete (RC). For the vegetated soil facing, a mixture of either recycled brick (RB) material or crushed lightweight concrete (LC) mixed with organic soil was used. The soil mechanic

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18

Koymen, Safiye Selin, Nazmiye Donmez, Vildan Betul Yenigun, Fatemeh Bahadori, and Abdurrahim Kocyigit. "Investigating the Cytotoxicity of Dual-Cure Bulk-Fill Resin Materials on L929 Cells." Prosthesis 4, no. 3 (2022): 447–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/prosthesis4030036.

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The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate cytotoxic effects of dual-cure bulk-fill resin materials polymerized with a third-generation LED light-curing unit (LCU) on L929 fibroblast cells in terms of morphology and viability. Three novel dual-cure, flowable bulk-fill materials (Fill-Up!™), a bioactive material (ACTIVA™ BioACTIVE-RESTORATIVE™), and a dual-cure bulk-fill composite material (HyperFIL® HAp) polymerized by LED LCU (VALO™ Cordless) were tested. Each material was placed in plastic rings (4 mm × 5 mm) in a single layer. Unpolymerized rings filled with each material were placed

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Hidayat, Irpan, and Andryan Suhendra. "Aplikasi Geofoam Sebagai Material Timbunan di Atas Tanah Lunak." ComTech: Computer, Mathematics and Engineering Applications 2, no. 1 (2011): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/comtech.v2i1.2722.

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Geofoam is a geosintetik material made of Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) and Xtruded Polystyrene (XPS), which has a low weight property which makes geofoam widely used as a lightweight fill material and has been applied in Europe, especially in Eastern Europe. This is a preliminary research that emphasizes on the use of geofoam as a fill material on soft ground through theoretical analysis using Plaxis program. Supporting data used covers data of basic and fill ground taken from specific locations which are planned for subsequent research as a field test. Based on the Plaxis program results, the u

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Huang, Yu Cheng, Rui Min Feng, Hong Pan Wang, Wen Ping Zhao, and Yong Fei Liu. "The Coal Mining Mode of Paste-Like Fill and its Application Prospects." Advanced Materials Research 255-260 (May 2011): 3744–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.3744.

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The coal mining mode of paste-like fill shows the connotation and characteristics of green mining both in the filling materials and mining backfill technology. Combined with the practical situation of colliery, some main components of the coal mining mode of paste-like fill are introduced emphatically, such as the cemented filling material, the preparation and transportation of filling materials, and filling technology at working face; the application prospects on mining with paste-like fill are analyzed.

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Noenko, Igor, Oleksiy Pavlenko, and Iurii Mochalov Iurii Mochalov. "COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POLYMERIZATION DEPTH OF THREE PHOTOCOMPOSITE DENTAL FILLING MATERIALS FOR BULK FILL RESTORATION." Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal 11, no. 2 (2023): 205–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/eumj.2023;11(2):205-213.

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The objectives of the study was to compare the depth of polymerization of flowable photocomposite dental restorative materials for bulk fill tooth restorations in laboratory. Materials and methods. Three flowable bulk fill photocomposite dental restorative materials – "SDR® Posterior Bulk Fill Flowable Base," "Filtek™ Bulk Fill Flowable" and domestic "Jen-Radiance Molar-FW" – were chosen for the study. For each material, 10 black opaque thin-walled polyvinyl chloride molds with a length of 10.00 mm and a diameter of 3.00 mm were prepared. The molds were air-dried from a compressor and fixed in

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Itskovich, Roee, Israel Lewinstein, and Uri Zilberman. "The Influence of Zinc Oxide Eugenol (ZOE) and Glass Ionomer (GI) Base Materials on the Microhardness of Various Composite and GI Restorative Materials." Open Dentistry Journal 8, no. 1 (2014): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210601408010013.

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Objective: Re-examining the well accepted concept that Zinc-Oxide-Eugenol bases (ZOE) have a negative effect on composite restoration materials microhardness, in light of the advancement in composite materials and newer publications. Methods: Five modern composite restoration materials were used, including hybrid (Xtra-fill and Z250), micro-fill hybrid (G-aenial and Gradia-direct) and methacrylate-free restorative material (Silorane- oxirane). Two base materials were used IRM (ZOE-base) and Fuji-IX (GI-base). Samples were made using a designed mold, in which composite discs were cured on top a

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Liu, Jingjing, Muhammad Awais Naeem, Mouaz Al Kouzbary, et al. "Effect of Infill Parameters on the Compressive Strength of 3D-Printed Nylon-Based Material." Polymers 15, no. 2 (2023): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15020255.

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3D printing is the most suitable method to manufacture the frame parts of powered ankle-foot prostheses but the compressive strength of the 3D-printed part needs to be ensured. According to the compression test standard ASTM D695, the effect of infill pattern and density, which is transferred to the mass of the standard specimen, on the compressive strength is investigated with a carbon fiber-reinforced nylon material. With the same infill pattern, specimens with more mass have a higher compressive strength. With the same mass, specimens with triangular fill have a higher compressive strength

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Murtedza, Muhammad Fadhil, and Andrias Suhendra Nugraha. "PENGARUH FLY ASH DAN KADAR AIR TERHADAP NILAI CALIFORNIA BEARING RATIO SUATU FILL MATERIAL." Jurnal Kacapuri : Jurnal Keilmuan Teknik Sipil 7, no. 2 (2024): 168. https://doi.org/10.31602/jk.v7i2.14121.

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Abu terbang (fly ash) merupakan hasil limbah nonB3 dari pembakaran batu bara yang di manfaatkan untuk Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap (PLTU). Pemanfaatan fly ash tengah diupayakan untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah sebagai reuse material yang ramah terhadap lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami dan mengkaji pengaruh fly ash dan kadar air terhadap nilai California Bearing Ratio (CBR) laboratorium suatu fill material yang akan digunakan pada hauling road. Fly ash dan fill material yang digunakan sebagai materal uji berasal dari Tanjung Selor, Kabupaten Bulungan, Kalimantan Utara. Kompos

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Koh, Kyeol, and Jeong-Won Park. "Bulk-fill composites." Journal of The Korean Dental Association 57, no. 3 (2019): 162–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.22974/jkda.2019.57.3.003.

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Composite resin restorations in posterior teeth are increasing due to the aesthetic needs of patients and the development of materials. This trend will accelerate in line with domestic insurance policies. However, resin composites generate stresses due to their contraction during the polymerization process. To reduce the polymerization shrinkage stress of resin composites, incremental layering technique has been recommended for decades. This technique reduces stress at the cavity wall interface and allows a more efficient light curing of the material. Bulk-fill resin composites have been desig

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Figueroa, Jose, and Margo Staruch. "Acoustic Energy Harvesting of Piezoelectric Ceramic Composites." Energies 15, no. 10 (2022): 3734. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15103734.

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Acoustic energy is an often overlooked but increasingly prevalent source of ambient energy that could be scavenged to power a wide range of devices. Piezoelectric materials are often used, but the tradeoff between acoustic impedance matching and the amount of ceramic piezoelectric material as the active material has not previously been investigated. In this work, commercially available 1–3 dice and fill composites with various fill factors (25%, 45%, and 65% of Pb(Zr,Ti)O3) and different acoustic impedance values were tested using an impedance tube and then modeled using a KLM equivalent circu

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FIkri, Ahmad, Desvina Yulisda, and Khairul Anshar. "ANALISIS TEGANGAN DAN REGANGAN PADA FILL PLATE UNTUK APLIKASI COOLING TOWER DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN STAINLESS STEEL AISI 202." Jurnal Fakultas Teknik 5, no. 2 (2024): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.70476/jft.v5i2.2.

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Cooling tower merupakan salah satu bagian terpenting dalam industri kimia. Untuk dapat menghasilkan air dingin perlu merubah air menjadi droplet dengan menggunakan fill plate. Saat Saat di aplikasikan pada cooling tower, fill plate akan mengalami beban tekan yang bervariasi. Simulasi dengan menggunakan finite element analysis, akan membantu menunjukkan perilaku fill plate saat beroperasi. Tujuan simulasi ini adalah untuk mengetahui perilaku fill plate saat beroperasi pada cooling tower. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian dilakukan melalui tahapan preprocessing, solution dan postprocessing d

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Vėjelis, Sigitas, Lina Lekūnaitė-Lukošiūnė, and Jurga Šeputytė-Jucikė. "Loose Fill Material from Hemp Shives and Binding Material for Thermal Insulation and Structural Use." Materials Science Forum 908 (October 2017): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.908.134.

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Currently building sector requires the use of new technologies and innovative materials. Realization of mentioned requirements allow ensuring rate of performed works, reducing labour building constructions costs and improving building performance. In current work, loose fill material from hemp shives and binding material are analysed. The mixture of hemp shives and binder may be used in frame constructions as blown or poured loose fill material for thermal insulation or structural use. Hardened composite is characterized by high strength and excellent thermal conductivity when it is used in bu

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Syawaludin, Kurnia, Andryan Suhendra, J. L. Lie, and I. G. Mahardika. "Interaction studies between geotextile and fill material." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 794, no. 1 (2021): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/794/1/012017.

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Butalia, TS, WE Wolfe, B. Zand, and JW Lee. "Flowable Fill Using Flue Gas Desulfurization Material." Journal of ASTM International 1, no. 6 (2004): 11868. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jai11868.

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Alharbi, Reema, Eid Alharbi, Sanaa N. Al-Haj Ali, and Ra’fat I. Farah. "Thickness-Dependent Light Transmittance and Temperature Rise in Dual-Cure Bioactive and Light-Cure Bulk-Fill Composite Resins." Polymers 15, no. 13 (2023): 2837. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15132837.

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This study aimed to assess the light transmittance (T) and temperature increase through different increments of dual-cure bioactive bulk-fill restorative material (ACTIVA), light-cure bulk-fill, and conventional composite resin materials. Cylindrical specimens with a diameter of 8 mm and heights of 1, 2, 3, and 4 mm of ACTIVA, Tetric-N-Ceram bulk-fill (TBF), Filtek One bulk-fill (FBF), and Filtek Z250 (FZ) (n = 6 per group, 96 in total) were light-cured with a visible blue low-intensity light-emitting diode (LED) (650–800 mW/cm2 irradiance). T, and the temperature increase, were measured using

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Parwadi, Aniket, Shrilesh Mayekar, Amol Divekar, and Harshal Ahire. "Automatic Material Filling Machine for IBM." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 4 (2022): 822–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.41369.

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Abstract: Technological advancements are taking place day- by-day and industrial growth has been the key aspect of development of any nation. In plastic injection moulding machine, the provision is to transfer powder raw material from ground to the hopper is not provided or the powder transfer can be done manually in machine. Many small scale industries has moulding machine where they have to fill the raw material at a height where a human efforts are needed which increases the production time rate, leads to increases the wastage of raw materials. Also limited space and hence the system cost i

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Mohenski, Dora, Mihaela Vrebac, Eva Klarić Sever, Timor Grego, Kristina Goršeta, and Ana Ivanišević. "Effects of Ionizing Radiation on the Shear Bond Strength of Composite Materials to Dentin." Journal of Composites Science 8, no. 7 (2024): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs8070261.

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Ionizing radiation in therapeutic doses alters the composition and properties of dentin and resin composites. This may influence the adhesion of restorative materials to irradiated dentin and compromise the success of the restorative treatment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of ionizing radiation on the shear bond strength (SBS) of bulk-fill composite materials to dentin. Coronal dentin slabs (N = 90) were embedded in acrylate and randomly assigned to six groups (N = 15) depending on the time of radiation (70 Gy) and material (SDR Plus Bulk Fill Flowable and Tetric EvoF

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Ferreira, Anna Flávia Esteves, Ingrid Melo Silva, Lia Dietrich, Marcelo Dias Moreira de Assis Costa, Cláudia Maria de Oliveira Andrade, and Victor da Mota Martins. "Effect of low temperature and room temperature on the depth of cure of bulk-fill composite resins." Bioscience Journal 39 (January 20, 2023): e39018. http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/bj-v39n0a2023-63528.

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The study analyzed the influence of temperature on the depth of cure of bulk-fill composite resins. Three discs (ISO 4049/2000) from each group were made, and four restorative materials were investigated: Opus Bulk-Fill Flow, Opus Bulk-Fill APS, Filtek™ One Bulk-Fill, and Filtek™ Bulk-Fill Flow. They were light-cured (Gnatus ± 1,200 mW/cm2) for 20 seconds, varying the temperature (23°C and 5°C) and simulating the use of the product both at room temperature and under refrigeration. The materials were inserted in aluminum matrices with 10 mm in depth and 4 mm in diameter. A clear film strip and

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Huang, Zheng, Teng Tong, Hao Liu, and Wen Qi. "Properties of Soil-Based Flowable Fill under Drying–Wetting and Freeze–Thaw Actions." Sustainability 15, no. 3 (2023): 2390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15032390.

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Flowable fills are a type of fill material with many construction applications, including transportation engineering, building engineering, water conservancy constructions, etc. Flowable fills usually consist of cementing agents, water, and aggregates such as soils or other waste or cheap materials. Flowable fills have the characteristics of high flowability, self-leveling, self-compacting, high and adjustable strength, and the ability to adopt waste and cheap materials. In this study, a waste soil-based flowable fill was investigated under drying–wetting and freeze–thaw actions. Under six dry

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Luthfaida, Alphania Esty, Arlina Nurhapsari, and Helmi Fathurrahman. "THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LIGHT CURED UNIT INTENSITIES ON THE DEPTH OF POLYMERIZATION OF BULK FILL SCULPTABLE COMPOSITE RESIN RESTORATIONS." Jurnal Medali 3, no. 1 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/medali.v3i1.16382.

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Background : The latest development of dental material restoration is a bulk fill sculptable composite resin. This material can be applied to a 4 mm cavity at once irradiation. The success of polymerization can be affected by improper irradiation. Both the physical and mechanical properties of the material also can be decreased by improper irradiation. This study aimed to determine the effect of different light-cured unit intensities on the depth of polymerization of bulk fills sculptable composite resin restorations.Method : This research method was an experimental analytic type of post-test

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Liu, Hao, Zheng Huang, Wen Qi, Han Shi, and Lijuan Yao. "Study on the Engineering Properties of Waste Soil-Based Flowable Fill." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2468, no. 1 (2023): 012092. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2468/1/012092.

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Abstract Flowable fill is developed mainly for the difficult backfilling and compaction such as side trenches of foundation pits and retaining wall backfills. It can make use of waste soils. It has good flowability before curing, and thus can be compacted by its own weight. It also has high strength after curing. In this study, by using on-site waste soils as the raw material soil, 25 groups of flowable fill experiments were carried out. The relationship between flowability, strength and mix ratio of flowable fills was analyzed. The results show that the flowability of flowable fill increases

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Vasconcelos, Dandara Ximenes, Samuel Rocha França, Jefferson Douglas Lima Fernandes, et al. "Implicações clínicas do compósito Bulk Fill como material restaurador direto." Revista Eletrônica Acervo Saúde 25 (March 31, 2025): e19478. https://doi.org/10.25248/reas.e19478.2025.

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Objetivo: Analisar as implicações clínicas do uso do compósito Bulk Fill como material restaurador direto, enfatizando seus benefícios e principais qualidades técnicas e mecânicas. Métodos: Trata-se deuma pesquisa revisão integrativa com abordagem qualitativa, realizada a partir da combinação de descritores MeSH e DeCS “Bulk Fill composites” and “Composites resin”, nas bases de dados MedLine, LILACS e SciELO para estudos de ensaio publicados entre 2019e 2024, em português e inglês e disponíveis em texto completo.A seguinte pergunta delimitou as buscas: “quais as implicações clínicas associadas

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Fernández-Tarazona, Juan A., and Zady J. Torres-Rivera. "Bulk Fill composite resins: an alternative material for direct restorations of posterior teeth." Journal of Oral Research S, no. 3 (2020): 16–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17126/joralres.2020.056.

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Kim, Ji-Won, Song-Hun Chong, and Gye-Chun Cho. "Effects of Gouge Fill on Elastic Wave Propagation in Equivalent Continuum Jointed Rock Mass." Materials 14, no. 12 (2021): 3173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14123173.

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The presence of gouge in rock joints significantly affects the physical and mechanical properties of the host rock mass. Wave-based exploration techniques have been widely used to investigate the effects of gouge fill on rock mass properties. Previous research on wave propagation in gouge-filled joints focused on analytical and theoretical methods. The lack of experimental methods for multiple rock joint systems, however, has limited the verification potential of the proposed models. In this study, the effects of gouge material and thickness on wave propagation in equivalent continuum jointed

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Bhat, S. T., and C. W. Lovell. "Design of Flowable Fill: Waste Foundry Sand as a Fine Aggregate." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1546, no. 1 (1996): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196154600108.

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Flowable fill is generally a mixture of sand, fly ash, a small amount of cement, and water. Sand is the major component of most flowable fill mixes; consequently, using a waste material as a substitute for natural sand results in the beneficial use of the waste material. Waste foundry sand (WFS) was used as a fine aggregate in this study. Three green sands from ferrous foundries and two Class F fly ashes were used. A natural river sand was used for comparison. The flow behavior, hardening characteristics, and ultimate strength behavior of flowable fill were investigated. The penetration resist

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Yeo, Hui Woon, May Yeh Loo, Mariam Alkhabaz, Kai Chun Li, Joanne Jung Eun Choi, and Abdullah Barazanchi. "Bulk-Fill Direct Restorative Materials: An In Vitro Assessment of Their Physio-Mechanical Properties." Oral 1, no. 2 (2021): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/oral1020008.

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Bulk-fill restorative material has gained popularity in clinical practice, due to their perceived timesaving aspect. Objective was to compare the properties of bulk-fill direct restorative materials. Filtek Z350 (CR), Filtek One Bulk Fill Restorative (BF), Fuji IX and EQUIA Forte (EF) were compared. Thirty specimens from each material were prepared according to ISO 4049 for three-point flexural strength. Elastic moduli and hardness (n = 20) were evaluated using nanoindentation. Depth of cure (DC) (n = 20) was measured for BF at three different depths (2, 3, 4 mm) and at two irradiation times (

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Chen, Yingying. "New perspectives on material mediation in language learner pedagogy. LaScotte, D. K., Mathieu, C. S., David, S. S. (Ed.) (2022). Springer, Cham, 286 pages, ISBN: 978-3-030-98115-0." Porta Linguarum Revista Interuniversitaria de Didáctica de las Lenguas Extranjeras, no. 40 (June 27, 2023): 299–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.30827/portalin.vi40.26134.

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Despite the ubiquity of materials in language classrooms, there remains a deficit in the research on materials use and the role of material mediation in foreign language teaching and learning. This edited volume New Perspectives on Material Mediation in Language Learner Pedagogy by LaScotte, Mathieu, and David is aimed to fill such a gap.

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Guo, Li Jie, Ke Ping Zhou, Xiao Cong Yang, Guang Sheng Liu, and Wen Yuan Xu. "An Experimental Study on the Mechanical Properties of Cemented Rock-Tailings Fill." Advanced Materials Research 941-944 (June 2014): 2611–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.941-944.2611.

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This paper outlines an effective approach to making composite backfill using mine waste material. Composite materials are widely used in many areas of engineering because of their unique structural properties. Cemented rock-tailings are one of the most prevalent materials used for composite backfill because they can effectively make use of mine waste rock and mill tailings that would otherwise be simply considered waste. This backfill method has the capability of maintaining the mine environment while still allowing for continued mine development. An experimental study is being conducted in a

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Domarecka, Monika, Agata Szczesio-Wlodarczyk, Michał Krasowski, et al. "A Comparative Study of the Mechanical Properties of Selected Dental Composites with a Dual-Curing System with Light-Curing Composites." Coatings 11, no. 10 (2021): 1255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11101255.

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Dual-curing composites have a wide spectrum of use in practice (rebuilding, reconstruction, and luting). The characterization of this type of material and comparative study of selected mechanical properties with light-cured materials were carried out for this paper. In this study, we used six materials with a dual-cure system—Bulk EZ, Fill-Up!, StarFill 2B, Rebilda DC, MultiCore Flow, Activa Bioactive-Restorative—and three light-cured materials—Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior, Charisma Classic, and G-aenial Universal Flo. The materials were conditioned for 24 h in water at 37 °C before testing. Sel

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Khan, Ahsan Rehman, and Gemmina Di Emidio. "Reinforced Fill Structure with Alternative Fill Materials: An Application of Geogrid Creep Strain Analysis Using Numerical Modeling." Materials 18, no. 6 (2025): 1346. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18061346.

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For many years, granular fill has been the preferred fill material in reinforced fill structures (RFSs) due to its high strength and drainage properties. However, the global scarcity of granular fill has necessitated the exploration of alternative fill materials. This study aims to evaluate the performance of three different alternative fill materials: (i) weak onsite fill (fill 1), (ii) lime-stabilized onsite fill (fill 2), and (iii) recycled construction and demolition (C & D) waste (fill 3). A finite element analysis (FEA) was conducted to assess the stability and horizontal displacemen

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Ilie, Nicoleta. "Resin-Based Bulk-Fill Composites: Tried and Tested, New Trends, and Evaluation Compared to Human Dentin." Materials 15, no. 22 (2022): 8095. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15228095.

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A more-and-more-accepted alternative to the time-consuming and technique-sensitive, classic, incremental-layering technique of resin-based composites (RBCs) is their placement in large increments. The so-called bulk-fill RBCs had to be modified for a higher polymerization depth and already have a 20-year history behind them. From the initial simple mechanisms of increasing the depth of cure by increasing their translucency, bulk-fill RBCs have evolved into complex materials with novel polymerization mechanisms and bioactive properties. However, since the materials are intended to replace the t

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Fahmi Firdaus Alrizal, Diah Listyaningsih, and Ihsan Galang Saputra. "Analisis perbandingan biaya, waktu, dan dampak lingkungan pada pekerjaan lapis pondasi atas menggunakan material recycle dan cut and fill (studi kasus: proyek pembangunan jalur lintas selatan Tulungagung -Trenggalek)." PADURAKSA: Jurnal Teknik Sipil Universitas Warmadewa 12, no. 2 (2023): 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/pd.12.2.6698.195-202.

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Isu lingkungan yang semula kurang diperhatikan pada kegiatan proyek konstruksi saat ini menjadi permasalahan utama dan pemicu global warming. Green contruction sebagai konsep pembangunan yang berkelanjutan mulai diterapkan, hal ini merupakan salah satu bentuk upaya untuk meminimalisir dampak kerusakan terhadap lingkungan. Pada proyek pembangunan jalur lintas selatan Tulungagung-Trenggalek proyek tersebut melaksanakan recycle material dari limbah konstruksi untuk digunakan sebagai material lapis pondasi atas. Dengan adanya pengolahan material maka akan berdampak terhadap pelaksanaan konstruksi.

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Song, Lin Sen, Xiao Nan Zhao, and Li Na Wei. "Fill Sealing Material Removal in Electronic Components Using Laser Cutting." Advanced Materials Research 1002 (August 2014): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1002.51.

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To ensure the normal operation of the electronic components, packaging technology is widely used in the production process of semiconductors, such as stand-alone device, LSI, super LSI, etc. This approach makes a lot of wasted components stay intact and reused. This paper uses laser cutting technology to remove material from PCB resin potting material, establishes the mathematical model of electronic potting materials, designs precision CNC laser cutting equipment for removing potting material under different circumstance. Using precision laser cutting technique, the resin potting material of

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International, Journal of Dental Science and Innovative Research (IJDSIR). "Comparative Evaluation of Shear Bond Strength of Two Posterior Restorative Materials in Primary Teeth: An in Vitro Study." International Journal of Dental Science and Innovative Research (IJDSIR) 8, no. 1 (2025): 182–89. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15209159.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> <strong>Introduction: </strong>Dental caries remains to be one of the most common diseases encountered in the field of dentistry. Several restorative materials have been introduced with different properties are most widely used nowadays because of their superior aesthetic and physical properties. Shear bond strength of a restorative material plays a key role in deciding the restoration’s longevity. Hence, for a better selection of the restorative material, shear bond strength needs to be evaluated. <strong>Aim: </strong>Study aim was to evaluate and compare shea

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