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Journal articles on the topic 'Film effects'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

Dang, Nhat Minh, Zhao-Ying Wang, Yun-Chia Chou, Tra Anh Khoa Nguyen, Thien Ngon Dang, and Ming-Tzer Lin. "Size Effects in Internal Friction of Nanocrystalline Aluminum Films." Materials 14, no. 12 (2021): 3401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14123401.

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Al thin film is extensively used in micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) and electronic interconnections; however, most previous research has concentrated on their quasi-static properties and applied their designs on larger scales. The present study designed a paddle-like cantilever specimen with metal films deposited on the upper surface to investigate the quasi-static properties of Al thin film at room temperature under high vacuum conditions at microscopic scales. Energy loss was determined using a decay technique in the oscillation amplitude of a vibrating structure following resonant ex

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Tai, F. C., S. C. Lee, C. Wei, P. J. Wei, and J. F. Lin. "Thermal treatment effects on hard and soft films measured by nanoindentation test." Journal of Materials Research 24, no. 3 (2009): 1069–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2009.0080.

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Nanoindentation measurements using the Berkovich diamond tip with a load up to 700 and 210 mN were performed on 1-μm hydrogenated diamond-like carbon (DLCH) films and 6-μm polyimide (PI) films under different thermal treatment. The average nanohardness and elastic modulus from nanoindentation measurements are 25.13 and 192.18 GPa for as-deposited DLCH film and 22.93 and 174.22 GPa for as-annealed DLCH film, respectively. The ID/IG ratio of Raman spectra is 1.72 for as-deposited DLCH film and 2.04 for as-annealed DLCH film. The average nanohardness and elastic modulus from nanoindentation measu

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3

Audas, R., D. E. Brodie, J. A. Cowan, and C. J. L. Moore. "The effects of incorporating water into vacuum-deposited amorphous silicon films." Canadian Journal of Physics 64, no. 1 (1986): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p86-003.

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This paper describes the effects on some of the electrical and optical properties of a-Si: C films prepared by vacuum deposition in controlled ambient gases of N2, O2, H2, and water vapour. This stidy was initiated in an attempt to determine the role of a low-energy electron beam irradiating the substrate and film as the layer grows. We find that depositing an a-Si:C film in a water-vapour environment, at a partial pressure of only 4 × 10−8 Torr, will result in the film having a room-temperature resistivity two thousand times higher than that for "clean" films deposited in a good vacuum with a

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Chase, Carlene A., Thomas R. Sinclair, and Salvadore J. Locascio. "Effects of soil temperature and tuber depth onCyperusspp. control." Weed Science 47, no. 4 (1999): 467–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500092092.

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Studies were conducted to determine lethal temperatures forCyperus esculentusandCyperus rotundustubers using diurnal oscillations in soil temperature with maxima of 40, 45, 50, and 55 C and a minimum of 26 C. Growth ofCyperusspp. plants was faster at 40 C than at a constant temperature of 26 C. The 45 C treatment delayedCyperusspp. emergence but was not lethal to tubers. Tuber mortality was 100% for bothCyperusspp. with the 50 and 55 C temperature regimes. Soil solarization with thermal-infrared-retentive (TIR) films resulted in higher soil temperatures than with a 30-μm low-density polyethyle

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Bachofen, H., U. Gerber, and S. Schürch. "Effects of fixatives on function of pulmonary surfactant." Journal of Applied Physiology 93, no. 3 (2002): 911–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00227.2002.

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The structure of pulmonary surfactant films remains ill defined. Although plausible film fragments have been imaged by electron microscopy, questions about the significance of the findings and even about the true fixability of surfactant films by the usual fixatives glutaraldehyde (GA), osmium tetroxide (OsO4), and uranyl acetate (UA) have not been settled. We exposed functioning natural surfactant films to fixatives within a captive bubble surfactometer and analyzed the effect of fixatives on surfactant function. The capacity of surfactant to reach near-zero minimum surface tension on film co

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Chase, Carlene A., Thomas R. Sinclair, Donn G. Shilling, James P. Gilreath, and Salvadore J. Locascio. "Light effects on rhizome morphogenesis in nutsedges (Cyperusspp.): implications for control by soil solarization." Weed Science 46, no. 5 (1998): 575–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500091128.

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Soil solarization is a process of soil disinfestation that involves solar heating of moist soil covered with transparent polyethylene film. This nonchemical approach to controlling soil-borne pests is being investigated as an alternative to methyl bromide fumigation. Summer solarization controlled annual weed species and suppressed purple nutsedge. Although some nutsedge tubers sprouted despite the solarization treatment, the resulting shoots were almost always trapped under the clear solarization film. Conversely, in rows that were mulched with black film, nutsedge rhizomes punctured the film

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Miyara, Akio, and Mohammad Ariful Islam. "501 Effects of Surfactant on Hydrodynamics of Falling Liquid Film." Proceedings of The Computational Mechanics Conference 2008.21 (2008): 205–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmecmd.2008.21.205.

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8

Houran, James. "Predicting Anomalous Effects on Film: An Empirical Test." Perceptual and Motor Skills 84, no. 2 (1997): 691–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1997.84.2.691.

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This research tested the hypothesis that anomalous images on film can be attributed to the specific recording medium. Using five different film media, a total of 96 photogtaphs and 8 min. of 8-mm motion picture film were obtained during a field study of a reported haunting. Multiple covariates were also recorded including electromagnetic field fluctuations, time of day, and geographic position. No anomalous images were obtained, although approximately half of the frames on both the infrared and black and white films were unexposed. The results are discussed in terms of ambiguous events being i

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Feng, Chang Jie, Yuan Fei Jiang, Shui Lian Hu, and Ya Zhou. "The Effects of Ag Addition on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TiAlSiN Films." Applied Mechanics and Materials 421 (September 2013): 304–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.421.304.

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Adding a low content of soft metals (such as Ag, Au, Cu, etc) in TiN-based films can decrease the friction coefficient of the nitride films. To improve the mechanical properties of the TiAlSiN film, 4.5 at.% Ag was added in the TiAlSiN film. TiAlSiN and TiAlSiN/Ag films were deposited on AISI304 steel by magnetron sputtering using a Ti50Al40Si10target and a Ti50Al40Si10plus an Ag strip, respectively. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the films were investigated by SEM/EDS, XRD, a tribological machine and a microhardness tester. The results show that, with 4.5 at.% Ag addition, th

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Lin, Tien-Chai, Wen-Chang Huang, Chin-Hung Liu, and Shang-Chou Chang. "Substrate Temperature Effects of the ZnO:AlF3Transparent Conductive Oxide." MRS Proceedings 1494 (2013): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2012.1743.

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ABSTRACTThermal effects on the crystal structure, electrical and optical characteristics of the Al and F co-doped ZnO films (ZnO:AlF3) are discussed in the paper. The ZnO:AlF3 thin films are prepared by RF sputtering with a constant power (ZnO/AlF3=100W/75W) toward the ZnO and AlF3 targets. The substrate temperature varied from room temperature to 250 °C with a step of 50 °C during thin film deposition. The crystalline quality of the ZnO:AlF3 film improved as the substrate temperature increased, with a corresponding increase in grain size. The improvement of the film quality leads to a higher

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TANG, XIUFENG, FA LUO, CHUNHAN HSEIH, and XIANGYU LI. "EFFECTS OF HEAT TREATMENTS ON ALUMINUM OXIDE COATINGS DEPOSITED ON Ni-BASED ALLOY." Surface Review and Letters 22, no. 01 (2015): 1550016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x1550016x.

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Al x O y films coated on both Ni -based superalloy and silica substrates were prepared by DC reactive magnetron sputtering. Post-deposition annealing was carried out on those as-deposited films. And then 1 h heat treatments were done on the annealed films at constant temperatures ranging from 600–900°C to simulate the high-temperature application. The Al x O y film heated at 600°C exhibited good film property. Bonding strength between the 600°C-heated Al x O y film and the Ni -based substrate was about 11.6 MPa.

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Hong, Wei, Qing Shan Li, Jing Sun, Xin Chun Wang, Guo Wei Wang, and Guang Zhong Xing. "The Nanostructure and Properties of the Nano TiO₂/PVA Composite Film." Applied Mechanics and Materials 320 (May 2013): 611–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.320.611.

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In order to improve the performance of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), the nanometer TiO2/PVA composite film prepared by solution casting, effects of nanotitanium dioxide (TiO2) PVA film. The structures, mechanical properties, and optical properties of the composite films were detected by infrared spectroscopy, TG, DSC, XRD. The results show that: nanoTiO2 fill added to the PVA matrix to improve the mechanical properties of PVA, thermal stability and UV shielding performance.

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Galus, Sabina, Margaux Gaouditz, Hanna Kowalska, and Frédéric Debeaufort. "Effects of Candelilla and Carnauba Wax Incorporation on the Functional Properties of Edible Sodium Caseinate Films." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 24 (2020): 9349. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21249349.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of candelilla (CAN) or carnauba wax (CAR) incorporation on functional properties of edible sodium caseinate (CAS) films. Glycerol and Tween-80 were used as the plasticizer and the emulsifier, respectively. The results showed that the incorporation of waxes increased film opacity, total color differences (∆E), and mechanical resistance and reduced film lightness, water vapor permeability (WVP), and elongation at break. Scanning electron microscopy showed heterogeneous structure of emulsion films with regular distribution of lipid particles. A di

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Lim, Jun Hyung, Seok Hern Jang, Seung Yi Lee, et al. "Effects of Firing Temperature and Film Thickness on the Critical Properties of YBCO Film by the '211 Process'." Solid State Phenomena 124-126 (June 2007): 243–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.124-126.243.

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We fabricated by metal organic deposition (MOD) using trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) via the “211 process”, and then evaluated the phase formation, texture evolution, and critical properties as a function of the firing temperature and film thickness. In the fabrication process, Y2Ba1Cu1Ox and Ba3Cu5O8 powders were used as precursors instead of Y-, Ba- and Cu-based acetates. The films were fired in the temperature range of 750°C -800°C and the film thickness of films was controlled by repeating the number of coating cycles. The microstructure varied significantly with the firing temperature. The gr

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Shimizu, Kenichi, and Tashiyuki Torii. "Effects of Grain Size on Fatigue Crack Propagation in Copper Film." Key Engineering Materials 452-453 (November 2010): 289–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.452-453.289.

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Using a fatigue testing method by which fatigue cracks can be initiated and propagated in a film adhered to cover a circular through-hole in a base plate subjected to cyclic loads, annealed copper films of 100m thickness with different crystal grain sizes were fatigued. The fatigue crack propagation in the film with large grains was often decelerated, so the crack propagation rate of the film with the large grain was lower than that of the film with the small grain. When the crack propagation was decelerated, the crack opening displacement obtained from the film with large grain size was smal

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Jang, Min Seon, Gyeong Seok Choi, Jae Sik Kang, and Yumin Kim. "The Effects of Window Film on the Performance of Window System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 525 (February 2014): 408–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.525.408.

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Window film is generally attached the glazing in buildings to improve the thermal performance of the window system by addressing a range of problems such as indoor temperature rise, indoor temperature imbalance, degraded heating and cooling load due to excessive influx of solar radiation. To evaluate the performance of window films, window films are attached to 3mm or 6mm clear glass. However, window films are generally used on existing window systems for reducing the annual energy consumption. Therefore it is necessary to evaluate the performance of window films depending on the performance o

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17

CHAN, MARVIN, S. XU, N. JIANG, J. LONG, and C. H. DIONG. "NON-LINEAR EFFECTS OF Ti EMISSION ON TIN FILM DEPOSITION." International Journal of Modern Physics B 16, no. 01n02 (2002): 254–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021797920200972x.

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Non-linear effects on Ti emission during TiN synthesis in an inductively coupled plasma assisted DC magnetron sputtering system have been investigated. TiN films are deposited on stainless steel 304 substrates, using N 2 + Ar mixture in the absence and presence of RF current variation. In-situ measurements of the optical emission collected during the deposition processes indicate differences in the intensities of the Ti species involved. Film characterizations indicate that such plasma non-linearity plays a pivotal role in the eventual film properties. Highly orientated (111) TiN films deposit

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Li, Yufeng, Aric Menon, and Peter Goglia. "Evaluations of Diamond-Like-Carbon Film Optical Constants and Their Effects on Flying Height Determination." Journal of Tribology 118, no. 4 (1996): 767–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2831606.

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The accuracy in flying height determination of a film coated magnetic slider relies on the availability of accurate optical property values of each film. In view of this, the index of refraction and coefficient of extinction of carbon and underlayer films, as used on a magnetic slider, was evaluated in this study. Various thicknesses of carbon and underlayer films were coated on Al2O3-TiC substrates, and their optical properties were determined by using a variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometer at multiple angles of incidence and two optical models via reasonable range and least square metho

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19

Her, Shiuh Chuan, and Yi Hsiang Wang. "Effects of Temperature and Humidity on the Optical Property of Aluminum Film." Applied Mechanics and Materials 121-126 (October 2011): 3930–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.121-126.3930.

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Aluminum films with high reflectivity and low absorption in the visible wavelength region have been widely used in optical applications. In this investigation, aluminum films were deposited on the glass substrate at various temperatures by electron-beam vapor deposition. The reflectivity of the Al thin film was measured by a Perkin-Elmer Lambda spectrophotometer in the wavelength region of 450-680 nm. The effects of the temperature and humidity on the reflectivity of the Al film were examined. Experimental results show that the reflectivity of Al films is increasing with the increase of substr

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20

Qian, Shi Qiang, and Jian Sheng Wu. "Effects of Heat Treatment on Microstructure of Sputter Deposited TiNiPd Film on Si Wafer." Materials Science Forum 475-479 (January 2005): 3819–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.3819.

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Amorphous thin Films of Ti51.78 Ni22.24Pd25.98 alloys were deposited onto 2 inch diameter n-type (100)Si wafer by r.f. magnetron sputtering. The crystallization temperature from an amorphous state to crystallization of free-standing thin film was found to be 553.1oC, but that of non-free-standing thin film on Si wafer was found to be higher from X-ray diffraction experiment. The film heated 1 h at 550 oC was partly crystallized but at 650 oC was almost whole crystallized. The film heated 1 h at 750 oC quite crystallized and some precipitation appear. Heated 50 h at 450 oC before crystallizatio

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Díaz, Olga, Tania Ferreiro, José Rodríguez-Otero, and Ángel Cobos. "Characterization of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Flour Films: Effects of pH and Plasticizer Concentration." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 5 (2019): 1246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051246.

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The use of flours as a material for biopolymer-based film preparation has gained interest due to the fact that they are a natural mixture of compatible macromolecules and due to their low cost. Chickpea flour shows a promising composition for the development of edible films. The aim of this study was to characterize and evaluate the properties of chickpea flour films as affected by pH (7 or 10) and plasticizer concentration (1% or 3% w/v) of film-forming solutions. Water vapor permeability, solubility, color, opacity, mechanical properties, thermal stability, structural changes by Fourier tran

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22

Xi, Jun Hua, Xue Ping Chen, Hong Xia Li, Jun Zhang, and Zhen Guo Ji. "Effects of Film Thickness on Resistive Switching Characteristics of ZnO Based ReRAM." Advanced Materials Research 721 (July 2013): 194–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.721.194.

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ZnO thin films were deposited on heavily doped silicon wafer by DC magnetron sputtering and the Cu electrodes were evaporated on ZnO/ n+-Si by electric beam evaporation to get Cu/ZnO/n+-Si resistive random access memory (ReRAM). The forming, reset and set processes of the devices were investigated using filamentary model. The effects of film thickness on the crystalline structure of the ZnO thin films and the resistive switching characteristics of the fabricated devices were investigated. The diffraction peak intensity and crystal size increased with increasing film thickness, which shows bett

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Peng, Kun, E. Chen, Ling Ping Zhou, Jia Jun Zhu, and De Yi Li. "Effects of Catalyst on the Transmittance and Stability of SiO₂ Antireflective Film Prepared by Sol-Gel Method." Advanced Materials Research 834-836 (October 2013): 462–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.834-836.462.

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SiO2 antireflective films were prepared by sol-gel method with TEOS as the raw materials and acid or ammonia as catalyst. The effects of different catalysts on the transmittance and the stability of film were investigated. The prepared base catalyzed SiO2 film has better antireflective effects than that of film acid catalyzed film, but the corrosion-resistance of SiO2 film catalyzed by acid was better than that of film catalyzed by base, the average transmittance in the range of 400-900nm of acid-catalyzed film after 50h salt spray test was about 93.8%, which was higher than that of base-catal

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Boutaous, M’hamed, and Patrick Bourgin. "Macroscopic Effects of Surface Roughness in Confined Air Flow." Journal of Fluids Engineering 126, no. 2 (2004): 216–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1669034.

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The general framework deals with the winding of thin plastic films, in order to obtain good-quality rolls. This issue is tightly connected to the thickness of the residual air layer entrapped between the film layers. It is then of importance to optimize the surface topography of the films so that to improve the quality of the wound rolls. In a previous work, we proposed a simple model for the flow of an air layer squeezed between a solid smooth substrate and a plastic film sample: it was shown experimentally that the macroscopic characteristics of the flow are connected to the film roughness,

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Wang, Y. L., R. Levi-Setti, J. M. Chabala, et al. "Ion microprobe analysis of laser-deposited Y–Ba–Cu thin film: Effects of anneal temperature." Journal of Materials Research 4, no. 5 (1989): 1087–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1989.1087.

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We have employed high spatial resolution (<50 nm) SIMS to study thin film deposited on SrTiO3, produced by pulsed laser evaporation of bulk stoichiometric YBa2Cu3Ox pellets derived from either BaCO3 or Ba3N2. The grain growth, film-substrate interaction, and carbon contamination of the films were examined as a function of post-deposition anneal temperature ranging between 700 °C and 900 °C. On the surface of both types of film, we found overgrowth crystals, which are enriched in copper, that increased in size from a few tenths of a micron to several microns with increasing anneal temperatur

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Chen, Hui, and Tai Min Cheng. "Phenomenological Model for Pyroelectric Effects of Nano Graded Ferroelectric Films." Applied Mechanics and Materials 110-116 (October 2011): 3358–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.110-116.3358.

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In order to improve the pyroelectric properties of nanograded ferroelectric films (NGFF), and provide a theoretical reference for practical applications, the generalized Ginzburg-Landau-Denvonshire (GLD) theory is adopted to investigate the pyroelectric properties of the NGFF. A function is introduced to characterize the local structure in nanograded films. Influence of the local structure, film thickness and external electric field on the polarization distribution and pyroelectric properties are mainly discussed. The numerical results show that parameterand film thickness are two very importa

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Cheng, Yi Lung, Jiung Wu, and Cheng Yang Hsieh. "Precipitate Formation and Effects on Electrical and Mechanical Properties of Fluorinated Silicon Oxide." Advanced Materials Research 239-242 (May 2011): 2163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.2163.

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Precipitates appear on fluorine-doped silicon oxide (SiOF) film when the film surface is exposed to atmospheric air. They are flake-type and hexagonal-shaped and show up rapidly after initiation, and then densely clustered. Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis results of the precipitates show that mainly Si & O are detected. From the analysis of Raman spectra, the decreased intensities at about 600 cm-1 and 500 cm-1 post precipitation indicates the reduction of strained low-order ring structure in SiOF film. It is found that the dielectric constant of SiOF films initially increases at ex

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Han, Yanan, Min Wei, Xiaoyan Shi, et al. "Effects of Tensile Stress and Soil Burial on Mechanical and Chemical Degradation Potential of Agricultural Plastic Films." Sustainability 12, no. 19 (2020): 7985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12197985.

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Plastic film mulching is widely practiced in arid and semiarid farming systems, but the accumulation of plastic residues in soils can negatively affect soil properties. Therefore, efficient means of plastic film degradation are urgently needed to mitigate its unfriendly environmental impacts for sustainable land use. Here, we characterized the effects of tensile stress (TS) and soil burial (SB) on potential degradation properties of three film types: Polyethylene film (PEF), oxo-biodegradable film (OBDF), and biodegradable film (BDF). Weight loss, mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, functio

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HUANG, A., S. Y. TAN, and S. R. SHANNIGRAHI. "THICKNESS EFFECTS ON THE EPITAXIAL NATURE OF THE SINGLE-PHASE MULTIFERROIC THIN FILMS." International Journal of Nanoscience 08, no. 01n02 (2009): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x09005992.

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Multiferroic Bi 0.95 La 0.05 Fe 0.7 Sc 0.3 O 3 (BLFS) thin films with different thicknesses have been prepared on (1 0 0) LaAlO 3 (LAO) substrates using a sol–gel process and annealed in N 2 ambient at 650°C for 5 min. From the X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, it was observed that BLFS thin films had (h 0 0)-preferred orientation for the film thickness 63, 125, 186, and 240 nm and became isotropic thereafter. The films developed in-plane epitaxial growth with respect to the substrate. The surface morphology became denser and the surface roughness increased as thickness increased up to 241 nm.

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Kim, Seong Jong, and Jeong Il Kim. "Effects of Anodizing Time on Anodizing of Mg-Al Alloy in Alkaline Solution." Materials Science Forum 510-511 (March 2006): 686–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.510-511.686.

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This paper investigated the effects of anodizing time on the formation of anodic oxide films on a Mg-Al alloy in alkaline solution. The thickness of the anodic oxide film was increased by increasing the time required to generate the active dissolution reaction. When anodizing at various anodizing time, the potential after passivity increased with time, which implies growth in film thickness. When the anodizing time was varied, the quantity of oxygen increased with time in the white areas (the film), i.e., more film was observed in the SEM and EDX analyses.

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Watazu, Akira, Kay Teraoka, and Tsutomu Sonoda. "Titanium Nitride Film on Titanium Film by Magnetron Sputtering Method." Key Engineering Materials 782 (October 2018): 176–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.782.176.

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Titanium nitride (TiN) film on titanium film (Ti) was formed by magnetron sputtering method. Pure titanium substrates with TiN/Ti multi-layered films deposited using DC sputter-deposition machine in Ar gas atmosphere, in order to improve not only the blood compatibility of pure titanium but also the adhesion between the deposited TiN coating and the pure titanium substrate. The effects of the thickness of a pure titanium interlayer on adhesion of the TiN coating to the pure titanium substrate were investigated. And the effects of the TiN coating obtained in this study on blood compatibility we

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Yan, Ji Kang, Gang Yang, Zhe Shi, Wan Xia Tang, and Yun Feng Wu. "Effects of NaOH Concentration on Section Structures of Oxide Films Based on TC4 by Anodic Oxidation Process." Key Engineering Materials 645-646 (May 2015): 303–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.645-646.303.

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The section structure and growth mechanism of oxide films on titanium alloys Ti-6Al-4V (TC4) in the oxalate, silicate and phosphate hybrid electrolyte system by anodic oxidation method were investigated. Using TC4 as anodic, stainless steel as cathode, oxide films on the surface of TC4 titanium alloy were prepared by anodic oxidation process. X-ray diffract meter, spiral-micrometer, eddy current thickness meter and scanning electron microscope were used to measure the crystal structure, thickness, microstructure and chemical composition of the film . The experimental results indicate that NaOH

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Kaneta, M., H. Nishikawa, and M. Naka. "Effects of transversely oriented defects and thickener lumps on grease elastohydrodynamic lubrication films." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology 215, no. 3 (2001): 279–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/1350650011543538.

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Using the optical interferometry technique, transient behaviour of grease films at an elastrohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) point contact caused by a transversely oriented groove and long bump passing through the contact area is directly observed with three different types of diurea grease without additives. The effects of the thickener content on the grease film formation are also examined. It has been found that the behaviour of EHL films depends strongly on the thickener structure, and the effects of surface defects on EHL films become pronounced as the film thickness decreases. It has also

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Lv, Jing. "Effects of Annealing in Air on Structure and Properties of Al Films Prepared by Thermal Evaporation." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 2458–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.2458.

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Al films were prepared on quartz substrates by thermal evaporation. The effects of annealing in air on structure and optical and electrical properties have been studied. It is found that the annealing in air will affect on structure and morphology of the films, which results in the difference in the optical and electrical properties. The as-deposited film is amorphous, the films annealed at 200 and 400oC are polycrystalline. After annealed at 600oC, the film was oxidized and changed to porous γ-Al2O3. The film annealed at 200 oC has the maximum reflectance and at 400 oC has the minimum resisti

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Tayebi, Noureddine, Andreas A. Polycarpou, and Thomas F. Conry. "Effects of substrate on determination of hardness of thin films by nanoscratch and nanoindentation techniques." Journal of Materials Research 19, no. 6 (2004): 1791–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2004.0233.

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A comparative study on the effects of the substrate on the determination of hardness of thin films by the use of the nanoscratch and nanoindentation techniques was conducted. Gold films deposited on fused quartz substrates and silicon dioxide films deposited on aluminum substrates with variant film thicknesses were investigated. These two systems correspond to a soft film on a hard substrate and a hard film on a soft substrate, respectively. The effect of substrate interaction on the measurement of hardness using the nanoscratch technique was found to be less pronounced compared to that of the

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Lian, Xinxin, Yuanjiang Lv, Haoliang Sun, David Hui, and Guangxin Wang. "Effects of Ag contents on the microstructure and SERS performance of self-grown Ag nanoparticles/Mo–Ag alloy films." Nanotechnology Reviews 9, no. 1 (2020): 751–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2020-0058.

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AbstractAg nanoparticles/Mo–Ag alloy films with different Ag contents were prepared on polyimide by magnetron sputtering. The effects of Ag contents on the microstructure of self-grown Ag nanoparticles/Mo–Ag alloy films were investigated using XRD, FESEM, EDS and TEM. The Ag content plays an important role in the size and number of uniformly distributed Ag nanoparticles spontaneously formed on the Mo–Ag alloy film surface, and the morphology of the self-grown Ag nanoparticles has changed significantly. Additionally, it is worth noting that the Ag nanoparticles/Mo–Ag alloy films covered by a th

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Liu, Xiang, Yi Zhi Yan, Qing Ming Chen, et al. "Effects of Film Thickness on Laser Induced Voltage (LIV) of La_2/3Ca_1/3MnO₃:Ag_0.05 Thin Films Grown on LaAlO₃ Substrates." Advanced Materials Research 721 (July 2013): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.721.54.

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La2/3Ca1/3MnO3:Ag0.05(LCMO:Ag0.05) thin films were prepared on vicinal cut LaAlO3(LAO) substrates with various film thicknesses by pulsed laser deposition technique (PLD). XRD results show that all the samples are shown along the (00l) orientation in orthorhombic structure with Pbnm space group. While the film thickness is around 450nm, the optimum LIV effects of the epilayer thin film have been obtained. The LIV effects enhancement of the LCMO:Ag0.05 thin films due to the photon scattering effects have been restrained and anisotropic seebeck coefficient improved.

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Lai, Qi, Shuang Hua Huang, De Jun Lan, Min Zou, and Xue Ping Luo. "Effects of Negative Bias on the Structure of Ti Film and its Adhesiveness to the Base by Plasma." Applied Mechanics and Materials 110-116 (October 2011): 592–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.110-116.592.

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Ti film on AISI 201 was prepared by plasma. The film was characterized and analyzed by using a variety of analytical techniques, such as XRD, SEM and universal test machine. Ti films were deposited on AISI 201 stainless steel substrate, it was found that of Ti film has a different microstructure in various negative bias. And film density is connected with bias. When bias rose from the 15V to 100V, the film density increased from 3.82 g/cm3 to 4.28 g/cm3. After bias rose from the 100V to 180V, film density decreased from 4.28 g/cm3 to 4.13g/cm3. And also, due to the microstructural changes, the

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Liu, Wen Yong, Yi Chen, Yue Jun Liu, and Xi Hai Hao. "Effects of Substrate, Solvent, Graft Density and Graft Length on the Formation of Cellulose-Based Ordered Porous Film." Advanced Materials Research 496 (March 2012): 138–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.496.138.

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We investigated the preparation of porous film of cellulose-based graft copolymer by breath figure method. The effects of substrate, solvent, graft density and graft length on the formation of porous film were elucidated. The results showed that ordered porous films could be facilely formed on the glass and mica substrate, while no ordered porous films were obtained on the silicon substrate. The ordered porous films were formed from the copolymer/CS2 solution, while no ordered porous films were done from the copolymer/CH2Cl2, CHCl3 and toluene solution. Moreover, no ordered porous films were o

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Casanova, Marcia Spinelli, Francisco Haiter-Neto, Frab Norberto Bóscolo, and Solange Maria de Almeida. "Sensitometric comparisons of Insight and Ektaspeed Plus films: effects of chemical developer depletion." Brazilian Dental Journal 17, no. 2 (2006): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402006000200013.

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The aim of this study was to compare the sensitometric properties of Insight and Ektaspeed Plus radiographic films manually and automatically processed using fresh and depleted chemical solutions. Ten sets of each type of film were obtained (1 set = 5 films), 5 sets being manually processed and 5 sets being automatically processed. A total of 100 films (50 Ektaspeed Plus and 50 Insight film) were exposed and developed. The first two sets of each film type were developed in fresh chemicals (one set per each type of processing), on the first day of the experiment. The other sets were processed i

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Maclaren, I., Z. L. Wang, H. S. Wang, and Q. Li. "The effects of film-substrate mismatch on Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3thin films." Philosophical Magazine A 82, no. 7 (2002): 1405–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01418610208235679.

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Jandow, Nidhal Nissan. "Effects of Cu-Doping on Optical Properties of NiO." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 48 (March 2015): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.48.155.

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This work presents the effect of Cu-doping on some optical properties of Cu:NiO thin film prepared by spray pyrolysis technique. UV-Visible spectrophotometer in the range 380-900 nm used to determine the absorbance spectra for various Cu-doping of Cu:NiO thin film. The transmittance and energy gap are decreased with increasing Cu-doping in the prepared films, while absorption coefficient, extinction coefficient, and skin depth are increased with increasing Cu-doping.

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Bozhenko, B., T. Nahirnyj, and K. Tchervinka. "To modeling admixtures influence on the size effects in a thin film." Mathematical Modeling and Computing 3, no. 1 (2016): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/mmc2016.01.012.

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Kim, Seong Hoon, Han Ki Yoon, and Riichi Murakami. "The Effects of SiO, SiON on IZO Thin Film Deposited by DCMG Method." Solid State Phenomena 124-126 (June 2007): 455–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.124-126.455.

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The thin films of SiO and SiON were deposited individually by the inclination opposite target type DC magnetron sputtering equipment onto the glass substrate. And it was deposited IZO(In2O3 (90wt.%) + ZnO(10wt.%)) on those films. The effects of SiO and SiON were investigated on properties of IZO thin films. AFM images of IZO thin film included SiON film were shown smoother surfaces than that included SiO film. Multi layers of IZO were shown good properties because it have high transmissivity. Resistivity is in inverse proportion to Mobility. If it deposited SiO and SiON, generate layer of chan

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DeNatale, J. F., and P. H. Kobrin. "Lattice distortion effects on electrical switching in epitaxial thin film NdNiO3." Journal of Materials Research 10, no. 12 (1995): 2992–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1995.2992.

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Crystalline thin films of NdNiO3 have been epitaxially grown on the (100) face of single-crystal LaAlO3 substrates. These films exhibit the characteristic reversible change in electrical conductivity with temperature previously observed in bulk polycrystalline material. The temperature of the electrical transition in the epitaxial thin films was lower than reported for the bulk polycrystalline ceramics. This effect is attributed to lattice strains associated with the film processing and interfacial lattice matching constraints.

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Shi, M. M., J. Wang, S. R. Liu, et al. "The effects of sodium tartrate concentration on the properties of CdTe thin films prepared by electrodeposition." Modern Physics Letters B 33, no. 17 (2019): 1950183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984919501835.

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In this paper, we successfully fabricate compact and uniform cadmium telluride (CdTe) films on flexible nickel foils using simple electrodeposition technique and sintering in a nitrogen atmosphere. The effect of the concentration of sodium tartrate on the structures and properties of the deposited CdTe thin films are studied. Various test techniques are used to characterize the results. The results of XRD analysis show that the highest crystallinity film is obtained when the added sodium tartrate concentration is 0.05 M. With the increase of sodium tartrate concentration, the composition of th

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Hoon, Jian Wei, Kah Yoong Chan, and Cheng Yang Low. "XRD Investigations on Film Thickness and Substrate Temperature Effects of DC Magnetron Sputtered ZnO Films." Advanced Materials Research 845 (December 2013): 241–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.845.241.

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In this paper, direct current plasma magnetron sputter deposition technique was employed to deposit zinc oxide (ZnO) films on glass substrates. The magnetron sputtering process parameters including film thickness and substrate temperature were investigated. The crystallite sizes of the ZnO films were extracted from the measured X-ray diffraction patterns. The correlation of the crystallite size of the ZnO films with the film thickness and the substrate temperature will be discussed in this paper.

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Liang, Jun Sheng, Xu Fang, Jin He Yang, Tong Qun Ren, and Da Zhi Wang. "Effects of Imidization Process on the Electric Breakdown Strength of Polyimide Thin Film." Applied Mechanics and Materials 868 (July 2017): 248–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.868.248.

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The electric breakdown voltage (Vbd) is a fundamental performance index for insulation thin film in MEMS, and plays a dominant role for the operation reliability of this kind of devices. In this work, positive polyimide (PI) photoresist was used to prepare thin films by spin-coating and thermal imidization. Electric breakdown experiments were carried out under DC voltage mode. The effect of imidization temperature on Vbd was also studied by setting three different imidization temperature profiles. XRD was applied to test the composition and microstructure of the PI thin films. Results show tha

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REDDY, G. S. N., A. K. GUPTA, V. N. OJHA, et al. "GROWTH OF SUPERCONDUCTING THICK FILMS OF YBaCuO BY SPRAY PYROLYSIS TECHNIQUE AND STUDY OF QUANTUM INTERFERENCE EFFECTS." Modern Physics Letters B 03, no. 17 (1989): 1311–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984989001989.

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Superconducting thick films of YBaCuO are made by spray pyrolysis technique on single crystal SrTiO 3 and MgO substrates. The thickness of the film is about 10 µm. The best film shows T c (R = 0) of the order of 86 K. No marked degradation in superconducting transition temperature is observed when the films are thermally cycled between room temperature and 4.2 K inside a closed liquid helium container. Temperature dependence of the critical current of microbridges fabricated on this film indicates the presence of SNS type weak links. dc SQUID configuration has been made in this film by scribin

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Nguyen, Ngoc Hong, Thu Nguyen Bao Le, and Thang Bach Phan. "Effects of the thermal annealing on the thermoelectric properties of Ga-doped ZnO thin films." Science and Technology Development Journal - Natural Sciences 2, no. 4 (2019): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjns.v2i4.823.

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We deposited successfully Ga-doped ZnO (GZO) thin films by using magnetron Dcsputtering technique, followed by annealing. The effects of the thermal annealing on thermoelectric properties of GZO films were investigated. The obtained results showed that due to annealing, the thermoelectric properties of the GZO films were significantly enhanced: (1) power factor increased with an increase of electron mobility due to high film crystallinity; (2) The figure of merit ZT values of the GZO film annealed at 500 oC (ZT = 0.114) was one order higher the asdeposited GZO film (ZT = 0.012). The room tempe

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