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1

Abbass, Ansar, Abdul Khaliq, and Roman Khan. "Service Marketing Analysis of Movies in Pakistan." Journal of Social Sciences Research, no. 68 (August 11, 2020): 745–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jssr.68.745.754.

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One of the features of films compared to other cultural products is the possibility of their use for advertising and information activities and influence on the formation of needs and audience preferences, as well as different patterns of consumer behavior. The urgency of this scientific problem is that the sale of cinema products today is impossible without a marketing system. The applications of different marketing strategies depending on the specific tasks allows a differentiated approach to each project and achieve the goals both from the standpoint of contribution to the development of culture, and in terms of obtaining economic effects from the film industry. The main purpose of the study is to substantiate and determine the features of the use of marketing tools in the film industry. The study of marketing services for film production was carried out in accordance with the logical structure of the concept of "7P" (product, promotion, location, price, staff, physical environment and the process of providing services). Recommendations for the marketing of services in the film industry: first, the choice of methods for watching movies depends on the type of media environment (traditional, digital), secondly, the choice of ways to obtain movies depending on their genre and subject, thirdly, in order to effective promotion of content and perception of the film identified the basic requirements for its trailer. The article proves that the marketing of services in the film industry is aimed not only at meeting the socio-cultural needs of the population, but also at the commercialization of the industry, ensuring audience access to films, as well as creating market conditions for its sustainable development. The research materials are the basis for further research on current issues of modern film practice, integration of film production and film consumption.
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2

Ma, Youwen, and Yi Wan. "Data Analysis Method of Intelligent Analysis Platform for Big Data of Film and Television." Complexity 2021 (April 16, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9947832.

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Based on cloud computing and statistics theory, this paper proposes a reasonable analysis method for big data of film and television. The method selects Hadoop open source cloud platform as the basis, combines the MapReduce distributed programming model and HDFS distributed file storage system and other key cloud computing technologies. In order to cope with different data processing needs of film and television industry, association analysis, cluster analysis, factor analysis, and K-mean + association analysis algorithm training model were applied to model, process, and analyze the full data of film and TV series. According to the film type, producer, production region, investment, box office, audience rating, network score, audience group, and other factors, the film and television data in recent years are analyzed and studied. Based on the study of the impact of each attribute of film and television drama on film box office and TV audience rating, it is committed to the prediction of film and television industry and constantly verifies and improves the algorithm model.
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3

Horváth, Ádám, and Balázs Gyenge. "Service Marketing Analysis Of Movies As Unique Service-Products." SocioEconomic Challenges 4, no. 2 (2020): 44–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/sec.4(2).44-55.2020.

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One of the features of films compared to other cultural products is the possibility of their use for advertising and information activities and influence on the formation of needs and audience preferences, as well as different patterns of consumer behavior. The urgency of this scientific problem is that the sale of cinema products today is impossible without a marketing system. The application of different marketing strategies depending on the specific tasks allows a differentiated approach to each project and achieve the goals both from the standpoint of contribution to the development of culture and in terms of obtaining economic effects from the film industry. The main purpose of the study is to substantiate and determine the features of the use of marketing tools in the film industry. The study of marketing services for film production was carried out in accordance with the logical structure of the concept of “7P” (product, promotion, location, price, staff, physical environment, and the process of providing services). Recommendations for the marketing of services in the film industry: first, the choice of methods for watching movies depends on the type of media environment (traditional, digital), secondly, the choice of ways to obtain movies depending on their genre and subject, thirdly, in order to effective promotion of content and perception of the film identified the basic requirements for its trailer. The article proves that the marketing of services in the film industry is aimed not only at meeting the socio-cultural needs of the population but also at the commercialization of the industry, ensuring audience access to films, as well as creating market conditions for its sustainable development. The research materials are the basis for further research on current issues of modern film practice, integration of film production and film consumption. Keywords: movie consumption, service marketing, consumer behavior, cultural marketing.
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4

Спивакова, Карина, Karina Spivakova, Артур Аракелян, and Artur Arakelyan. "ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT STATE OF THE DOMESTIC FILM INDUSTRY." Servis Plus 10, no. 3 (2016): 42–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/21122.

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The formation of scientifically grounded approaches to improve the management of the film industry needs to analyze the contemporary state of film industry in order to identify its most important problems and untapped opportunities for further dynamic and effective development. The analysis of the status and trends of Russian cinema-business development, the peculiarities of its historical development and study of logic interdependent processes are relevant prerequisites for solving the problem of forming of risk management system of project im- plementation; because in many cases these risks are caused by the specificity of Russian cinema and features of its functioning. The article is devoted to the analysis of the contemporary state of the domestic film industry based on which it is possible to make the conclusion about the need to improve management. The author analyzes the main economic indicators of the industry and describes the main development trends and their positive and negative features. The author studies thoroughly such indicators as dynamics of film distribution in the Russian film market, divided into the percentage of domestic and foreign films, attendance of cinemas in Russia, the number of cinemas and particular cinema hall in the country, takings of the Russian and foreign film projects, the production facilities of film studios, etc. A detailed analysis of the statistical data for the last 10 years allows the author to make the main conclusion about the origin of real prerequisites for the formation and development of scientifically based management systems in general and risk management system in particular in the production of Russian film projects.
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Ağın, Besna. "An Analysis on Ambivalence in Cinema: “The Last Tycoon” Elia Kazan." Etkileşim 2, no. 4 (2019): 220–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32739/etkilesim.2019.4.71.

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Involved in filmmaking more than four decades, Elia Kazan had been a witness and an influence for significant change in the American film industry. His final phase includes four films, respectively, America America, The Arrangement, The Visitors and The Last Tycoon which are his most neglected films in film studies, compared to his previous successful films such as On the Waterfront, A Streetcar Named Desire, East of Eden and Splendor in the Grass. This study has focused on one of his late films for mainly two reasons; to fill the gap in the literature and present an analyses of Kazan’s most structurally different film regarding its narrative complexities with the concept of realism. Realism is one of the key concepts to study Kazan in the research field, but distinctively, I have tried to find the realism within the mise-en-scène and ambivalence in the narrative.
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Apriliani, Tri. "HUBUNGAN KERJA DALAM INDUSTRI FAST FASHION: ANALISIS ISI TERHADAP FENOMENA EKSPLOITASI (STUDI KASUS FILM THE TRUE COST DAN NIKE SWEATSHOPS)." INFORMASI 46, no. 1 (2016): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/informasi.v46i1.9647.

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The fast-fashion industry is one of the manufacturing industry that is associated with the developing countries as a producer of their products. Authors carriying an issue of labor relations in the fast-fashion industry which is very important to be studied due to exploitation issues. The main focus of the study is to assess the film “The True Cost” which describes the fast-fashion industry in Bangladesh and “Nike Sweatshops” which describes the fast-fashion industry in Indonesia. This study sought to answer whetherthe exploitation occurs in fast-fashion industry are presented in the movie “The True Cost” and “Nike Sweatshops” and how the mechanism of the exploitation is working. By using the content analysis method, it was found that in both films the exploitation did occur, but both films have similarities and differences of the dominant aspects of exploitation based on wages, health insurance, safety insurance, time, physical violence and the formation of unions. In addition besides the findings of the movie, the context of the economic, social, and political in certain periods and employment policies contribute to the occurrence of labor exploitationIndustri fast-fashion merupakan salah satu jenis industri manufaktur yang tidak terlepas kaitannya dengan negara-negara berkembang sebagai penghasil produknya. Penulis mengangkat sebuah isu tentang hubungan kerja di dalam industri fast-fashion yang sangat penting untuk dikaji karena maraknya isu eksploitasi.Fokus utama penelitian adalah mengkaji film “The True Cost” yang menggambarkan industri fast fashion di Bangladesh dan “Nike Sweatshops” yang menggambarkan industri fast fashion di Indonesia. Penelitian ini berusaha untuk menjawab apakah eksploitasi terjadi pada industri fast-fashion yang disajikan dalam film “The True Cost” dan “Nike Sweatshops”serta bagaimana mekanisme eksploitasi tersebut bekerja. Dengan menggunakan menggunakan metode analisis isi, didapati bahwa dalam kedua film ini eksploitasi memang terjadi namun kedua film ini memiliki kesamaan dan perbedaandari aspekdominan eksploitasi berdasarkan upah, jaminan kesehatan, jaminan keselamatan, waktu, kekerasan fisik dan pembentukan serikat. Selain temuan dari film tesebut, didapati bahwa konteks ekonomi, sosial, dan politik pada periode tertentu serta kebijakan ketenagakerjaan turut mendukung terjadinya eksploitasi tenaga kerja.
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Islam, Md Zahidul. "FILM RATING: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS IN MALAYSIA AND BANGLADESH." Asia Proceedings of Social Sciences 4, no. 1 (2019): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31580/apss.v4i1.530.

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Film rating is a form of censorship where restrictions are imposed on the population on what films a person could view. The main purpose of this paper is to discuss the legal framework of film rating and current film rating process of Malaysia and Bangladesh. This paper also try to indentify the strengths and weaknesses of film rating process of both countries.The researcher mainly adopted qualitative methods. The information has taken from many readings, articles, books, newspapers and statutes. The researcher also conducted interview with the member of the film censorship board, directors and actors of both countries. People in the film industry in both countries accepted the need for film rating as guidance for individuals and parents in choosing film viewing.
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8

Wang, Z. H., and M. J. Ni. "Size Effect Analysis of Thermal Conductivity in Lithium Nanometer Film." Advanced Materials Research 403-408 (November 2011): 1113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.403-408.1113.

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Lithium is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry, fuel cell, ceramic industry, glass, lubricants, aluminum industry, refrigerant, nuclear industry and photovoltaic industry. The thermal properties of lithium are very important for the design and safe operation. The MEAM potential was applied to calculate thermal conductivity of lithium with emphasis on size effect analysis in the lithium nanometer film using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulation method. The results show that the lithium thermal conductivity increases with increasing film thickness. The obvious size effect and anisotropy of thermal conductivity are found in the lithium nanometer film. From the simulation results, the difference of normal and tangential thermal conductivity has been analyzed quantitatively.
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9

Zernetska, O. "The Development of Australian Culture in the XX Century: Australian Film Industry." Problems of World History, no. 11 (March 26, 2020): 174–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2020-11-10.

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This article represents the first attempt in Ukraine of complex interdisciplinary investigation of the history of Australian film development in the XX-th century in the context of Australian culture. Analysing films in historical order the peculiarities of each decade are taken into consideration. The periods of silent films, sound films and colour films are analysed. The best film productions, their film directors and prominent actors are outlined. Special attention is paid to the development of feature films and documentaries.
 The article concentrates on the development of different film genres beginning with national historical drama, films of the first pioneers’ survival, adventure films. It is shown how they contribute to the embodiment in films of the main archetypes of Australian culture, the development of Australian identity. After World War I and World War II war films appear to commemorate the courage of the Australian soldiers in the war fields. Later on the destiny of the Australian women white settlers’ wives or native Australians inspired film directors to make them the chief heroines of their movies.
 A comparative analysis of films and literary primary sources underlying their scripts is carried out. It is concluded that the Australian directors selected the best examples of Australian national poetry and prose, which reveal the historical and social, cultural and racial problems of the country's development during the twentieth century.
 The publication dwells on boom and bust periods of Australian film making. The governmental policy in this sphere is analysed. Different schemes of film production and distribution are outlined to make national film industry compatible with the other film industries of the world, especially with the Hollywood. The area of a new discipline - Australian Film Studios - is studied as well as the works of Australian scholars. It is clarified in what Australian universities this discipline is taught. It is assumed that the experience of Australia in this sphere should be taken by Ukraine.
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10

Brown, G. M., D. F. Brown, and J. H. Butler. "The analysis of “Gels” in polymer films." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 47 (August 6, 1989): 362–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100153786.

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The term “gel”, in the jargon of the plastics film industry, may refer to any inclusion that produces a visible artifact in a polymeric film. Although they can occur in any plastic product, gels are a principle concern in films where they detract from the cosmetic appearance of the product and may compromise its mechanical strength by acting as local stress concentrators. Many film gels are small spheres or ellipsoids less than one millimeter in diameter whereas other gels are fusiform-shaped and may reach several centimeters in length. The actual composition of gel inclusions may vary from miscellaneous inorganics (i.e. glass and mineral particles) and processing additives to heavily oxidized, charred or crosslinked polymer. The most commonly observed gels contain polymer differing from the bulk of the sample in its melt viscosity, density or molecular weight.Polymeric gels are a special concern in polyethylene films. Over the years and with the examination of a variety of these samples three predominant polymeric species have been observed: density gels which have different crystallinity than the film; melt-index gels in which the molecular weight is different than the film and crosslinked gels which are comprised of crosslinked polyethylene.
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11

Tuomi, Krista. "The South African Feature Film Industry: A Comparative Analysis." Social Dynamics 32, no. 2 (2006): 81–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02533950608628728.

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12

Manakbaeva, А. B. "Sociological view of the modern situation in the Kazakhstani film industry." BULLETIN Series of Sociological and Political sciences 70, no. 2 (2020): 138–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2020-2.1728-8940.19.

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The article discusses the current state and development opportunities of the Kazakhstani film industry. The analysis of the current state and vision of the film industry in the country is carried out on the basis of statistical data on the activities of organizations engaged in film screenings in Kazakhstan. The quantitative indicators and parameters of the film industry are also described. Strengths and weaknesses (SWOT analysis) of the current state of the Kazakhstani film industry are revealed.
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13

Puccini, Monica, Maurizia Seggiani, Domenico Castiello, Gianluigi Calvanese, and Sandra Vitolo. "Novel Thermoplastic Materials from Wastes of the Leather Industry." Applied Mechanics and Materials 467 (December 2013): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.467.41.

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Hydrolyzed collagen from leather industry is a natural polymer easily available at low cost and its use is not in competition with food industries or other main applications because it is a waste material and a by-product of the tanning process. In this work, polyethylene-collagen hydrolizate blends, at ratios of 100/0, 90/10 and 80/20, were processed using a blow film line equipped with a single screw extruder. Film blowing is a shaping technique used extensively to produce most plastics films and bags for packaging applications. The effect of processing parameters on the physical properties of blown films was investigated. The extruded films were characterized through mechanical testing, scanning electron microscopy, and thermal analysis. The manufactured films showed satisfactory mechanical and thermal properties, thus polyethylene-collagen hydrolizate blends appears as promising candidate for the production of innovative material suitable for production of thermoplastic items for applications in packaging and agricultural segments.
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Díaz-González, María-Jesús, and Almudena González-del-Valle. "Film Policies and Film Production in Spain during the Economic Crisis (2007–2017)." Palabra Clave 24, no. 1 (2021): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5294/pacla.2021.24.1.3.

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Europe’s leading film-producing countries are France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom. They were all hit by the global economic crisis, which had a particularly severe impact on Europe in 2010–2012. The consequences of this crisis for film policies and the film industry are understudied. Spain is a unique case for this study because it had to ask the European Union for a financial assistance programme. What changes were made to State film policies as a result of the crisis? How did those changes reflect on the feature film production? This article aims to answer these questions. The method used includes an analysis of film-industry policy documents and official data, and in-depth interviews. The period studied is 2007–2017. The results refer to topics such as State aid for film production; tax incentives; value-added tax (VAT); the obligation to provide advance funding for European audiovisual production, and the number, genre, and mean cost of the feature films produced.
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Kohno, H., T. Arai, Y. Araki, and R. Wilson. "High Accuracy Analysis of BPSG Thin Films on Silicon Wafers by X-Ray Wafer Analyzer." Advances in X-ray Analysis 37 (1993): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/s0376030800015731.

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The wafer analyzer has been used to fulfil many applications needs in the semiconductor industry. The prominent features of the XRF method for the semiconductor industry are:analysis of many types of films, e.g., oxides, silicides and metallic alloys, and simultaneous analysis of film thickness and compositions.In the past, the analysis results of BPSG (Boron-doped Phospho-Silicate Glass) films, with thicknesses greater than 4000 Å, were reported. With the recent increased demand for larger scale and higher quality semiconductor devices (larger than 64 Mbit), more accurate analysis with high precision has been required.
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Bezjian, James, Veselina Stoyanova, Peter McKiernan, and R. Bradley MacKay. "Synthesizing scenario planning and industry recipes through an analysis of the Hollywood film industry." Technological Forecasting and Social Change 150 (January 2020): 119777. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2019.119777.

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Bessolitsyn, Alexander. "A.A. Khanzhonkov as a Pioneer of the National Film Industry." Journal of Economic History and History of Economics 22, no. 1 (2021): 98–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2308-2488.2021.22(1).98-120.

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The article provides an analysis on the activity of the first shareholding company in the Russian film industry. The analysis is based on archival documents from the Russian State Archive and the State Achieve of the Republic of Crimea, as well as on published sources, available literature and Khanzhonkov’s own memoirs. The main focus of the text is on managing mechanism of the shareholding company, special attention is paid to the key directions and peculiarities of its activity in the film market of the early 20th century. It was revealed that the production process of documentary and educational films released by the film factory was rather innovative. The research defined the main stakeholders and equity holders, besides it described the life path of the founder of the Shareholding Company at different stages of his life including the Soviet period. One of the conclusions made in the research was the equity-mutual type of the Shareholding Company, when shares were issued and distributed only among the people closest to the equity holders, their relatives and family members and were not presented to the market for general public. This approach provided the management body with complete control over the enterprise, but at the same time the approach limited its development since there were no external investments. As the Board Chairman and Managing Director A. Khanzhonkov sought alternative opportunities to win the national film market without attracting additional outside sources of funding. The key condition for implementing the chosen strategy was the search for opportunities to improve the quality of released film products.
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McAfee, George H., and Steven J. Dean. "CVD process characterization using a selective delineation technique for quantitative SEM analysis." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, no. 2 (1992): 1428–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100131772.

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The scanning electron microscope is one of the most universal and well-respected analytical tools in the semiconductor industry. The limitless potential of this tool serves as the basis for this article. As process geometries continue to shrink below the sub-micron level, precise characterization of the individual processing areas is of the utmost importance. One area of particular interest is the CVD (chemical vapor deposition)/thin film area.Modern CVD reactors implement a triple injector configuration for film deposition. Each injector provides an individual contribution to the composite film thickness. In essence, the composite film is comprised of three separate thin film layers. These films have a very high surface tension and the interfaces of the three films form areas of high stress. From these two properties, surface tension and interfacial stress, it becomes possible to quantify and visually identify the individual contribution of each injector (in a multi-injector CVD reactor). This can be accomplished by using a selective etching technique in preparation for cross-sectional SEM analysis. Areas of high stress, by nature, have a higher etch rate than the bulk film itself.
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Ernawati, Arni. "Studi Kasus Politik Identitas Perempuan dalam Film Ada Apa dengan Cinta." Nyimak: Journal of Communication 4, no. 1 (2020): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31000/nyimak.v4i1.2297.

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Media audiovisual seperti film diyakini bisa menjadi alat penyampai pesan paling ampuh untuk masyarakat. Tidak heran banyak industri film semakin tumbuh subur untuk berlomba-lomba membuat film. Tema film yang hadirkan pun bermacam-macam, dan tema percintaan masih mendominasi dalam industri perfilman kita. Salah satu film yang turut meramaikan industri perfilman adalah film Ada Apa dengan Cinta (AADC) yang dirilis pada 7 Februari 2002. Film ini bisa dikatakan sebagai film pelopor dan paling laris pada masanya untuk kategori film pop-remaja atau percintaan platonis remaja. Film ini mengandung pesan penting bagi perempuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuka dan menganalisis pesan menyangkut politik identitas perempuan yang dibawakan dalam film AADC. Penulis mencoba mengamati setiap alur dan adegan dalam film. Film ini membawakan tentang perempuan yang dalam tekanan patriarki dan perempuan yang berjuang keluar dari tekanan tersebut. Hasil yang didapat dalam penelitian ini berupa hasil studi kasus atau analisis yang berhubungan dengan politik identitas dalam film.Kata Kunci: Politik identitas, perempuan, analisis film ABSTRACTAudio-visual media like film as the most powerful message delivery tool for public. No wonder many film industries are floushing to compete making movies. The theme of the film has been introduced with variuos kinds, and romance films still win our film industry. One of the titles the film present, which helped enliven the film industry is the film Ada Apa dengan Cinta (AADC). The film is a teenage love story by Rudi Soedjarwo success kicked off the Indonesia film market. The film background is about Rangga and Cinta with the spices of romance in adolescene, arguably the forerunner and most film best-selling in his time for the category of pop-teen film or teen platonic romance. Besides this film about important messages about and for women. This research tries to opened and analyzed messages about the identity politics of women presentedin the film. The authors tries to withdraw every plot and scene in the film.This film tells about womwn under patriarchal pressure and women who struggle to get out of that pressure. to get a guess and analyzing messages containing identity politics delivered. The result obtained in this research consist of case studies and anlyzes relating to identify politics film.Keywords: Identity politics, women, film analysis
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MANAKBAYEVA, Aigerim, and Serik SEIDUMANOV. "ACTUAL ISSUES OF PUBLIC POLICY IN THE FIELD OF CINEMATOGRAPHY." Public Administration and Civil Service, no. 2-77 (June 29, 2021): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.52123/1994-2370-2021-252.

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Cinematography is one of the least studied and emerging areas of research in public administration. The main principles of state policy in the field of cinema are support for domestic cinema and providing access to Kazakhstani film products. The purpose of the article is to analyze the topical problems of domestic cinematography, taking into account the principles of state policy in the field of cinematography. The methodological basis of the research is based on scientific works on the issues under consideration, regulatory legal acts. The work used the official statistics of services in the field of cinema. A factorial analysis of the current state of the film industry was carried out using the analytical tool PEST-analysis. In addition, a discursive analysis of the representation of ideas of state policy in modern Kazakhstani cinema was carried out. Modern Kazakhstani films of the last 10 years were considered as additional materials. The study showed that the support of national films is an important direction in the public administration in the field of cinematography. Socially significant films have non-commercial, spiritual and artistic value. Financial profit belongs to commercial films of private companies. The sharp decline in industry statistics confirms that the global pandemic in 2020 was a tough time for the film industry. Further development of the industry should be a common task not only of the state, but also of all interested parties.
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Hakim, Lukman. "Conservative Islam Turn or Popular Islam? an Analysis of the Film Ayat-ayat Cinta." Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies 48, no. 1 (2010): 101–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/ajis.2010.481.101-128.

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This paper offers a film and cultural studies analysis of the Indonesian religious film Ayat-ayat Cinta. It examines the way in which the film represents Islam in the context of the globalisation of the media industry, the wider cultural transformation and religious context in Indonesia. This paper argues that the film Ayat-ayat Cinta represents “popular Islam”, which resulted from the interaction between the santri religious variants and the film industry, capitalism, market forces and popular culture in Indonesia. Santri religious variants in this film are rooted in traditionalist, fundamentalist, modernist, and liberal Islam in Indonesia, and those Islamic groups which have undergone a process of conformity with capitalism and popular culture. As a result, the representation of Islam in this film is pluralist, tolerant, and fashionable.
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Shupenev, A. E., N. S. Pankova, I. S. Korshunov, and A. G. Grigoriyants. "An Analysis of Destructive Methods of Thin Films Thickness Measurement." Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Маchine Building, no. 3 (708) (March 12, 2019): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0536-1044-2019-3-31-39.

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Thin film technologies are widely used in science and industry and have a critical value for optics and electronics. Special properties of thin films are related to their thickness, usually ranging between 1 nm and 1 um. Measuring such a thickness is a challenging task, always concomitant with the stage of technology development. When using witness samples and specimen control groups, destructive methods can be employed to measure the thickness of the deposited layers. An analysis of the most commonly used destructive methods of measuring the thickness of thin films is conducted, the results of which can be used for selecting a suitable method when planning corresponding experiments. This work describes theoretical and practical considerations of using bevel cut method, spherical cut method, atomic force microscopy and stylus profilometry for measuring thin film thickness.
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Nam, Hyun Jin, Sung-Hoon Choa, and Se-Hoon Park. "Development and Characteristics of Multipurpose Transparent Polyurethane Film." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 21, no. 10 (2021): 5222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2021.19445.

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In industry, recent research developments include flexible films and foldable films. The next step is the development of stretchable films, and studies are being intensively carried out. Research on the development of stretchable and transparent materials is also increasing greatly. Currently, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is the most commonly used film in the industry. However, PDMS surfaces are hydrophobic, so their use is limited to making materials and compounds with hydrophilic properties. In this study, we developed a transparent polyurethane film that can be used for multiple purposes. A transparency comparison between the transparent polyurethane film and the general polyurethane film was used to verify their future application. The conventional polyurethane films showed a transmittance rate of 2.2 percent, but the transparent polyurethane films achieved a high transmittance rate of 85 percent. To determine whether the film can be realized, we produced a conductive paste using resin for the transparent polyurethane film. In addition, a conductive paste was made based on the material used in the transparent polyurethane film to verify the hardness and reliability of the adhesion of electrodes, and we confirmed this with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The transparent polyurethane based paste was made with stretchable electrodes through a screen printing method. The manufactured stretchable electrodes were demonstrated by mechanical and adhesion tests. Finally, a permittivity test was conducted to determine the suitability of the film for application to printed electrodes for antennas in the future. The genetic rate of transparent polyurethane films was better than that of conventional polyurethane films. Moreover, the adhesion of the transparent polyurethane film and stretchable electrodes was as good as that of conventional polyurethane film and stretchable electrodes, and observation by optical microscopy confirmed that the printing performance was also excellent. In addition, the conductive paste made based on the transparent polyurethane film material was cured for 1 hour at 120 °C, and TGA analysis confirmed that both the binders and curing agent responded well in the test for curing the developed stretchable electrodes and transparent polyurethane.
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HAMADUN, FAIRULADILAN, NASIRIN ABDILLAH, NORMAN YUSOFF, and NUR SYAHIRAH ANANI NOR ADZLI. "REPRESENTASI STAILISTIK FILEM HANG TUAH (1956)." International Journal of Creative Future and Heritage (TENIAT) 9, no. 1 (2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.47252/teniat.v9i1.387.

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Abstrak Hang Tuah (1956) merupakan salah satu filem adaptasi Melayu yang terkenal dalam sejarah perfileman tanah air. Filem ini dikatakan cuba mengangkat karya kesusasteraan Melayu klasik melalui Hikayat Hang Tuah dan Sejarah Melayu. Memandangkan filem ini bersifat adaptasi, maka sering menjadi perhatian dalam kalangan sarjana. Antara aspek yang sering menjadi daya tarikan mereka adalah soal kesetiaan dalam aspek naratif seperti plot, lakonan, gaya bahasa, latar dan tema. Namun demikian, artikel ini hadir dengan melihat kepada aspek lain iaitu stailistik yang mana merupakan salah satu elemen penting dalam pembuatan filem seperti sinematografi, mise en scene dan penyuntingan. Aspek stailistik filem Hang Tuah (1956) cuba diselami dengan mengaplikasikan teori historical poetic of cinema oleh David Bordwell (1989). Sebagai kerangka analisis utama dalam artikel ini, maka historical poetic of cinema cuba menjawab persoalan kajian; bagaimanakah aspek sejarah mampu memberi kesan terhadap stailistik filem Hang Tuah (1956)? Analisis kandungan turut dipilih sebagai instrumen kajian utama untuk memperolehi data daripada buku, artikel jurnal dan filem. Hasil analisis mendapati bahawa filem Hang Tuah (1956) cenderung kepada stailistik model pembuatan Hollywood. Walau bagaimanapun, keadaan persekitaran industri perfileman Melayu era 1950-an cuba mengubah stailistik filem Hang Tuah (1956) kepada acuan filem India. AbstractHang Tuah (1956) is one of the famous adaptation films in Malay cinema. The film endeavours to uplift the classical Malay literature through the Hikayat Hang Tuah and Sejarah Melayu. Since Hang Tuah (1956) is an adaptation film, it has always attracted the scholars’ attention. Among the main attractions is the matter of loyalty in the narrative aspects such as plot, acting, language style, background and theme. However, this article looks at other aspect namely stylistics. This important element of stylistics in film production includes cinematography, mise en scene and editing. The stylistics aspect of Hang Tuah (1956) was investigated by applying the historical poetic theory of cinema by David Bordwell (1989). As the main analytical framework in this article, historical poetic of cinema attempts to answer the research question of how the historical aspects can affect the style of Hang Tuah (1956) film? Content analysis was chosen as the main instrument for obtaining data from books, journal articles and films. The analysis found that Hang Tuah (1956) tends to resemble Hollywood production model. However, the environment of Malay film industry around 1950’s had influenced the stylistics of Hang Tuah (1956) film to be shaped by an Indian mould.
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Puttichaem, Chanida, Guilherme P. Souza, Kurt C. Ruthe, and Kittipong Chainok. "Characterization of Ultra-Thin Diamond-Like Carbon Films by SEM/EDX." Coatings 11, no. 6 (2021): 729. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11060729.

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A novel, high throughput method to characterize the chemistry of ultra-thin diamond-like carbon films is discussed. The method uses surface sensitive SEM/EDX to provide substrate-specific, semi-quantitative silicon nitride/DLC stack composition of protective films extensively used in the hard disk drives industry and at Angstrom-level. SEM/EDX output is correlated to TEM to provide direct, gauge-capable film thickness information using multiple regression models that make predictions based on film constituents. The best model uses the N/Si ratio in the films, instead of separate Si and N contributions. Topography of substrate/film after undergoing wear is correlatively and compositionally described based on chemical changes detected via the SEM/EDX method without the need for tedious cross-sectional workflows. Wear track regions of the substrate have a film depleted of carbon, as well as Si and N in the most severe cases, also revealing iron oxide formation. Analysis of film composition variations around industry-level thicknesses reveals a complex interplay between oxygen, silicon and nitrogen, which has been reflected mathematically in the regression models, as well as used to provide valuable insights into the as-deposited physics of the film.
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Аракелян, Артур, and Artur Arakelyan. "Formation of conditions for increasing the investment attractiveness of the film industry in Russia." Servis Plus 10, no. 2 (2016): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/19459.

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For a long time the industry of cinematography in Russia has been unprofitable, which in turn determines the difficulty in finding investment for new film projects. The part of Russian films in total box office of domestic distribution is negligibly small, the most produced Russian film projects do not pay back the investment made in them. The situation is critical and requires a comprehensive approach to the analysis of all the possible causes of this situation and to develop measures and create conditions to increase investment attractiveness
 of this industry in Russia. They are still making incompleted attempts to reform the industry, for example, an adjustment has been made in the distribution system of state support, multiple meetings with theater owners have been held where they taked about a voluntary increase of quotas on rolled domestic films and a number of other measures. However, all these measures are chaotic, and therefore futile, attempts to correct the current situation, do not have single cohesive system of designed reforms that will help to improve the overall
 investment attractiveness of this industry. The article attempts to analyze the reasons that have not allowed the domestic film industry to become powerful, profitable and, most importantly, attractive for investment for a long time. The article also suggests actions that should be implemented and adapted to the Russian realities, to increase the investment attractiveness of the film industry in Russia that can serve as a locomotive for the
 output of the industry from years of systemic crisis.
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Lotman, Elen, Alan Voodla, and Andero Uusberg. "What’s the value of a star? Actor familiarity and likeability effects on emotional mimicry of cinematic displays." Baltic Screen Media Review 7, no. 1 (2019): 4–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bsmr-2019-0001.

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AbstractResearchers and practitioners have long been intrigued by the role of stars in the film industry (McDonald 2005). Actors with star status can enhance the economic prospects of a film (Wallace et al. 1993). For instance, replacing average stars with top stars has been shown to increase revenue (Nelson, Glotfelty 2012). A meta-analysis of 61 studies collating data from 1545 films has shown the significant effect of commercial star power on Hollywood films’ revenues (Hofmann, et al. 2017). The Hollywood movie industry can be viewed as a system that maintains and regulates the popularity of existing and emerging stars through agents, producers and award systems (McDonald 2013).
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Mitkus, Tomas, and Vaida Nedzinskaitė-Mitkė. "THE IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION TO CREATIVE INDUSTRIES: THE ANALYSIS OF FILM INDUSTRIES OF CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE." Creativity Studies 9, no. 1 (2015): 64–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/23450479.2015.1126539.

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This paper explores changes of the political, legal, taxation and other circumstances in film industries of Central and Eastern Europe that kick-started qualitative changes over the last decade. Research conducted by European Union (EU) on European film industry suggests that in terms of film industry Central and Eastern Europe region at this stage is generally non-competitive and not commercially orientated. We argue that the region filmmakers systematic believe in concept that film art and film business is a combination of polar opposites is a key reason that holds back industry’s potential to make a considerable economical and cultural contribution to national prosperity.
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Bunting, Leona, Margaretha Herrman, and Marita Johanson. "Learning film production." Journal of Workplace Learning 26, no. 5 (2014): 296–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jwl-06-2013-0041.

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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to contribute knowledge about learning linked to the film industry by investigating how film producers reason about learning for and in the profession. Design/methodology/approach – This study is based on semi-structured interviews with 20 film producers, both university and workplace trained (UWT) and workplace trained (WT). The content analysis is based on the transcribed dialogues. The study is empirical, explorative and qualitative. Findings – The interviewees consider networks to be of utmost importance for gaining entrance to and continuously finding work in the film industry. They also reason about required knowing and what learning practices are available. Although formal education is not advocated by all, it can hold intrinsic value for the individual. Traditions of learning are being scrutinized, and critical reflection is replacing naivety and emotionality. Practical implications – Different aims regarding learning in the formal education system and film industry result in a gap which needs to be bridged to challenge conserving and reproducing patterns of learning. Collaboration is suggested as a solution benefiting both the individual learner and the film industry. The resulting knowledge from this study can thus be used by the formal education system and the film industry when developing forms for collaboration surrounding learners of film production. Originality/value – The focus presented in this paper of learning in and for film production has been sparingly addressed in previous research.
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Dianiya, Vicky. "REPRESENTATION OF SOCIAL CLASS IN FILM (Semiotic Analysis of Roland Barthes Film Parasite)." Profetik: Jurnal Komunikasi 13, no. 2 (2020): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/pjk.v13i2.1946.

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Social class differences have been formed long ago which can identify people's identities which are usually measured based on economic status. This class difference is depicted in Bong Joon-ho's Parasite film, telling of two families of different classes. The Kim family as a lower class and vice versa Mr. Park as the upper class. The core theme of the film Parasite is that of realistic drama about class domination which can also be seen around us. The paradigm used is critical interpretative, so researchers not only criticize but also make interpretations related to this Parasite film. In the analysis phase, this study uses Roland Barthes's semiotic analysis, which are signs in the form of words, images, sounds, movements and objects that are analyzed based on three things, namely parsing data based on the connotation, denotation and myths contained in the Parasite film scene. . Furthermore, representations produced through objects or images can produce meaning or processes that we understand or relate them to a meaning. Based on the first analysis of the film industry, Parasite Films are not included in the logic of most cultural industries but still succeed in penetrating the international market. Then, at the stage of representing social class markings in the film Parasite, it is found that there are at least five main points, namely: ease of life, fashion, boundaries, body odor, and color. Thus, the description of social class representation in the film Parasite is perfect both in its scenes, properties, and cinematography.
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Newman, David. "Regions and Runaways: Film Assistance in New Zealand and British Columbia, 1999–2005." Media International Australia 117, no. 1 (2005): 11–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0511700104.

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The film and television production industry is significant in both New Zealand and British Columbia. Governments in both localities provide substantial support for the industry through government agencies and tax incentives. This study reviews the effectiveness and success of the New Zealand Film Commission and BC Film in meeting their respective mandates and strategic goals over the last five years. The scope and success of government tax incentives in attracting and encouraging production in both localities are reviewed, with an analysis undertaken of the results. The paper concludes that the greater cultural focus by the New Zealand government compared with that of British Columbia has resulted in a stronger track record of critically acclaimed and commercially successful films from New Zealand, with a more mixed record from the service-oriented film economy of British Columbia.
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Kovtonyuk, Filipp. "American Film Industry in World War I Period." Moscow University Economics Bulletin 2016, no. 5 (2016): 52–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.38050/01300105201654.

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The paper deals with the history of economic development of the film industry in the United States during the First World War. The beginning of XX century seems to be a very special stage of cinema development, in particular from the point of the history of national economy, since exactly at this time took place a formation of the world film market, and cinema for the first time was used not only as a commodity but also as an instrument of mass propaganda. The purpose of article is to trace the development of the American film business and its key aspects in the early XX century and during the war, based on the analysis of the relevant literature. Film industry is considered as a system of production, distribution and exhibition of audiovisual products. This article contains the conclusions concerning the global expansion of the US film industry in a specified period. Also substantiated the fact that the middle 1900s became an extremely important period in the development of the American film industry, during which the basics of the classical Hollywood business model were established.
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Wu, Jian Guang, Yu Shu Cui, and Hong Ling Shao. "The Analysis on Impact of the Input of Agricultural Film Material to the Sustainable Development of Vegetable Industry of Hebei - Based on the Environmental Kuznets Curve." Applied Mechanics and Materials 320 (May 2013): 774–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.320.774.

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The paper constructed agricultural film pollution EKC model of vegetable industry in Hebei province, Based on 1999-2011 vegetables average yield per hectare as vegetable industry development level ,the density of agricultural films as variable combined with planting area and total production time index. The empirical results has shown that the relationship between the density of agricultural films in Hebei province and economic development is with linear growth characteristic not a typical inverted "U" type EKC characteristic. Therefore, in the process of making vegetables industry policy and vegetables environmental protection policy, the government should take measures to control the occurrence of vegetables agricultural films source pollution actively. Not using the inverted U type of EKC curve does as the excuse of first pollution, after management.
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Rahmiaji, Lintang Ratri, and Muh Bayu Widagdo. "Evaluation of Media Policies in Order To Protect Local Film Community." E3S Web of Conferences 73 (2018): 14012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20187314012.

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Based on Film Law (2008), the Government is obliged to promote the national film industry. But in reality, independent film industry in the local district needs more attention. The research purpose is to examine the role of local government in developing the film community and alternative screening spaces. This study uses a qualitative approach with explorative analysis, to map power relations between government, independent arts institutions, and independent film community. As results, there is a knowledge gap about the role, obligation and duties of local government, between central government, local government, local art council, indies film communities and society, in efforts to encourage the growing of film communities. Local Art Council doesn’t cover all of the film communities and tends to giving attention only for their members. All stakeholders in the development of indie films are not synergy which then becomes counterproductive to the existence of indies movie community. To address this gap, a discussion forum is needed to find the best solution to resolve the issue of independent filmmaking in the region.
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Kim, Hyo D. "The Success of Animation in Korean Film Industry: An Exploratory Analysis." Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information 19, no. 12 (2014): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.9708/jksci.2014.19.12.057.

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Uğur Tanrıöver, Hulya. "Women as film directors in Turkish cinema." European Journal of Women's Studies 24, no. 4 (2016): 321–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1350506816649985.

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Representations of women, or more exactly of gender, and the presence and works of women filmmakers constitute an important area of analysis for gender studies and feminist film theories. In Turkey the presence and the participation of women in the public sphere have been one of the important objectives of the Kemalist modernization project since the founding of the modern nation-state in 1923. However, despite the modernizing efforts to empower women in different spheres of life there was no woman director in Turkish commercial feature cinema until the beginning of the 1950s. Since the beginning of the 2000s the number of women directors has increased significantly, reaching a number well above that of the entire period before. This article investigates the reasons behind this increase based on quantitative data gathered from secondary sources and in-depth interviews with women producers and directors. It also questions whether and to what extent the increase in the number of women film directors contributed to the production of ‘women’s films’, based on a qualitative analysis of films produced by women directors between the years 2004 and 2013. The results show that in addition to technological and aesthetic changes in the industry, the increase in the availability of international and national public funding for low-budget independent film productions and the enlargement of the women’s movement allowed more women directors to enter the film industry. While half of the films made by women directors in the 2000s could be qualified as ‘women films’, the other half remained, largely due to market forces, within the conventions of popular or art house cinema.
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Cāne, Renāte. "LATVIAN FILM MARKETING IN THE INTERNATIONAL MARKET." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 4 (May 25, 2018): 372. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2018vol1.3383.

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The film industry is an important part of the culture of any country and is inseparable from its cultural development and growth, both locally and internationally. Any film created or even its idea is a product which is being promoted and sold on the market similarly as with other types of products. In doing so, many traditional and not-so-convenient communication tools are used in order to reach the required audience and supporters to the viewers for the finished product – the film itself. In order to achieve support and gain popularity, there are certain marketing tools absolutely necessary which are specifically tailored to foster the film promotion. On the international scene, particularly in the major film markets – with the key players being Hollywood, Bollywood and South Korea – it is difficult for the film producers of the smaller countries to break into these markets, therefore a specific approach is needed to attract the attention of supporters and the viewers.Comparatively the Latvian film industry is very small, but this is not a reason why it would be impossible to achieve good results in promotion of films on the international market and attracting supporters. Compared with Estonia and Lithuania, in various indicators Latvia is somewhat lagging behind of its direct neighbours on the international scene. One reason for this is the ineffective use of marketing in order to attract the attention of the international market. The methodology of the research includes analysis of documents and interviews. There were data and statistical rates analyzed from the National Film Centre and five representatives interviewed of the film industry from Latvia. As a result of this research three basic problems appeared that prevented film marketing in Latvia: a lack of understanding the necessity of film marketing, a lack of the film marketing skills and a minimal budget for the industry. In order to promote the development of film marketing in Latvia, there is a necessity to create a film marketing agency that could do a film promotion in the local and in the international level.
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Alves-Lima, Décio, Jun Song, Xiaoran Li, et al. "Review of Terahertz Pulsed Imaging for Pharmaceutical Film Coating Analysis." Sensors 20, no. 5 (2020): 1441. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20051441.

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Terahertz pulsed imaging (TPI) was introduced approximately fifteen years ago and has attracted a lot of interest in the pharmaceutical industry as a fast, non-destructive modality for quantifying film coatings on pharmaceutical dosage forms. In this topical review, we look back at the use of TPI for analysing pharmaceutical film coatings, highlighting the main contributions made and outlining the key challenges ahead.
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Spicer, Andrew, and Steve Presence. "Autonomy and Dependency in Two Successful UK Film and Television Companies: An Analysis of RED Production Company and Warp Films." Film Studies 14, no. 1 (2016): 5–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/fs.14.0002.

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This article analyses the production cultures of two film and television companies in the United Kingdom – RED Production and Warp Films – by discussing the companies formation and identity, aims and ethos, internal structures and their networks of external relationships. The article argues that although managing directors and senior personnel exercise considerable power within the companies themselves, the companies depend on the extent to which they are able to engage with other industry agents, in particular the large-scale institutions that dominate the film and television industries. By situating analysis of these negotiated dependencies within shifting macroeconomic, historical and cultural contexts, the article argues that the increasing power of multinational conglomerates and the cultural convergence between film and high-end television drama marks a threshold moment for both companies which will alter their production cultures significantly.
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Aniukwu, Nkemakonam. "Nollywood and the leaders of tomorrow: interrogating film content and character formation of the Nigerian child." UJAH: Unizik Journal of Arts and Humanities 20, no. 3 (2020): 59–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ujah.v20i3.4.

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The intellectual discourse on the influence of films in shaping a child’s ideological leaning is a topic that has generated interest in different parts of the world. The supposed proposition that inapt behaviours, nonchalant attitudes, moral decadence, and violence among children are outcome in most films produced in Nollywood Film Industry calls for serious examination. Hence, to examine the effects which film contents could have on educational development and character formation of a Nigerian child remains the aim of this study. Objectives include; to ascertain the potentials of films content in creating a standard for good leadership skills for the Nigerian child, and to advocate possible ways through which Nollywood movies can be produced to achieve all round development of the Nigerian child. The study through the adoption of observation, and content analysis approaches of qualitative research method, evaluated the influence of films on children. The study utilized George Gerbner’s Cultivation theory in examining the influence of film environments in child’s learning and leadership skill and found out that most Nollywood films have themes of Mischief, adult chauvinisms, hatred, demonic possessions, and violent politicking, among other social vices which pose serious threats to the child’s ideal leadership purview. The researcher therefore recommends, establishment of a film unit that should provide adequate censorship of children films. The unit should be empowered to sieve, dissect and scrutinize all children film contents in Nollywood Film Industry so as to make sure that the filmmakers produce films relevance to the academic and character formation needs of Nigerian children. Hence, children are the leaders of tomorrow.
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Öz, Özlem, and Kaya Özkaracalar. "The reemergence of İstanbul’s film industry: a path-dependence perspective." New Perspectives on Turkey 56 (April 21, 2017): 61–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/npt.2017.5.

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AbstractThis article analyzes the reemergence of the film industry in İstanbul since the mid-1990s. In exploring the industrial and spatial dynamics of this process of reemergence, we employ the perspective of path dependence, conducted with the aid of historical analysis and in-depth interviews with the key actors of the sector. By zooming in on the details of this industry’s reemergence, we uncover the specifics of the process of revival in terms of both the industry itself and of location. Analysis of the industry reveals the impact on the revival of İstanbul’s film sector of system-wide developments, the key roles played by the advertising and television sectors, and entrepreneurial initiatives. Analysis of location, on the other hand, reveals that, following the collapse of Yeşilçam—the historical center of İstanbul’s film industry—two new clusters have emerged, one located in the vicinity of the old center (Beyoğlu) and the other in a rising commercial district (Levent).
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Wong, Oscar Gordon, and Imelda Ann Achin. "The Hero’s Journey: 12 Stages in The Narrative of Animation Boboiboy Movie 2." Mudra Jurnal Seni Budaya 36, no. 3 (2021): 316–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31091/mudra.v36i3.1580.

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2019 is a phenomenal year for the development of the Malaysian animated film industry as it has successfully produced two superheroes animated films in total. However, the animated film industry in Malaysia is still not competitive at the international level. This can be seen from the 17 animated films that have been produced from 1998 to 2019, only two superheroes animated films managed to get the attention of the audience. This is due to the lack of knowledge of the concept and function of the hero character in animated films. Therefore, the main objective of this paper aims to demonstrate how the Hero’s Journey narrative structure can be applied in BoBoiBoy Movie 2 (2019). This research method involves the use of video analysis tools namely Kinovea and Motion Picture Analysis Worksheet to explain on how the Hero’s Journey of this film conveys the storytelling. The results of this study found that each semicircle Hero’s narrative structure has an important meaning across from one half-circle to the other half-circle. As a result, it explains the concept of peace and chaos as well as stasis and changes in the narrative structure of superhero animated films. This paper will provide information to researchers on the importance and use of the Hero’s Journey approach to analyze superhero animated films.
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Howse, Joseph, and Carolan McLarney. "The Big Pictures: Sources of National Competitiveness in the Global Movie Industry." Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 31, no. 3 (2006): 19–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090920060303.

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This paper examines the global film industry through a detailed discussion of four national players (US, Canada, China, and Hong Kong). According to Porter, the international competitiveness of any industry cluster is shaped by four characteristics of the domestic market: demand conditions, factor endowments, firm rivalry, and supporting industries. The authors assess the film industry in these countries in terms of the four factors of national competitiveness and conclude that only the US possesses all of them at this juncture. Moreover, they propose that the exclusivity of US interests in the global distribution system creates competitive dynamics that neither Porter nor critics such as Rugman have fully explored. It is in this context that this paper discusses co-production as an alternative means for nations to develop⁄improve competitiveness through exploitation of overseas markets. Based on their analysis of the film industry of the US, Canada, China, and Hong Kong, the authors make the following observations: There is a need to increase the presence of Canada⁄Canadian film co-productions with other countries as there may be greater opportunities for large Canadian producers to leverage both their US connections and their home country's treaties to create a unique pool of film-making resources. The potential size of the Chinese film audience makes it attractive to other nations. However, the Chinese government's monopoly over film imports, pirated home versions, and denial of access to the official film distribution channels are major barriers to entry. Despite the massive historical price gap between domestic and foreign movies, box office figures would suggest that Chinese audiences prefer the latter. Another popular option is cheap, pirated home versions. Hong Kong's box office size, domestic box office share, and number of domestic productions have been decimated over the past decade and, hence, Hong Kong producers' main option is to find stronger opportunities in mainland China. Being the only external co-production partner nation of China and Hong Kong, Canada has in place the foundations for a powerful competitive position in these regions relative to other foreign entrants. According to the authors, further research in this field could include an analysis of coproductions within Europe or of emerging co-production blocs across other regions. For instance, Canada is currently in the process of concluding a co-production treaty with India which has the potential to clear barriers between the two powerful yet traditionally quite segregated film industries of the subcontinent and North America. This is indicative of the fact that the governments and the movie industries are gaining power to change the global competitive scenario in films.
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Paksiutov, G. "“Soft Power” and “Cultural Capital” of Nations: the Case of Film Industry." World Economy and International Relations 64, no. 11 (2020): 106–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-11-106-113.

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The article showcases the similarities between Joseph Nye’s concept of soft power and Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of capital, and attempts to draw upon the latter to deepen the understanding of the role of culture as a source of soft power. This approach is applied to study the role of a national film industry as a soft power tool. First, based on the existing academic literature, some key concepts relevant to the film industry are conceptualized in terms of Bourdieu’s theory of capital. After that, Bourdieu’s research frameworks – particularly, the concept of cultural capital – are used to describe how national film industry contributes to a nation’s cultural influence on the global stage. The author specifically highlights the importance of consideration of “institutionalized cultural capital” (or institutional recognition) and presents some evidence on film awards, namely, the awards from three large European film festivals (Berlin, Venice and Cannes) and Academy Award for Best Foreign Language film. It is emphasized that European countries (such as Italy and France) and the U.S. are in advantageous position in regard to this component of cultural influence: motion pictures produced by these countries receive awards very frequently, while, for instance, African and South American films are awarded scarcely. Such tendencies demonstrate unequal possibilities of countries for the use of national cinema as a tool of cultural influence. The author asserts that a national “soft power strategy” can be seen, in terms of Bourdieu’s theory of capital, as a capital conversion strategy, and discusses the implications of such approach. Furthermore, the applicability of Bourdieu’s theory of capital for the analysis of Russian cinema as a soft power tool is discussed. In conclusion, the author summarizes theoretical and practical implications of the proposed approach, draws attention to some of possible directions for further research.
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Santos, Rachel Barbosa, and Ualison Rébula de Oliveira. "Analysis of occupational risk management tools for the film and television industry." International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 72 (July 2019): 199–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2019.05.002.

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Yu, Tien Kuei. "Optimize the Study of the Dynamic Film Selection." Applied Mechanics and Materials 320 (May 2013): 768–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.320.768.

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A technical computer animation for dynamic film, animated short film production to Taiwan by customers to move to the development of the continent, a shrinking market worries. Visible the Taiwan in animation foundry (low-cost, high-quality, high-efficiency) industry, no longer is an advantage. The other hand, the industry has also been realized to cartoons of the United States and Japan and therefore positive efforts (toward the direction of home-made animation Fanmei Jun, 2004). Secondly, the computer animation at this stage of the development of animation industry in Taiwan is the weakest that is, the ability of the financial, legal, and international marketing. Due to the creation of the marketing practices of the finished product is difficult to both creators oriented (Hongfeng Yi, 2004). The research basis the Tsou-Hsiang Ju (2008) using conjoint analysis, analysis of four different preference cluster analysis, five kinds of film properties and their rights, grey relational analysis of dynamic video library field to be named; understand the Hall field the eyes of the average consumer selection situation, it is recommended to design products to meet consumer preferences, and to continue to innovate and reform, driven by the digital content industry to flourish in the international market and to keep pace with foreign manufacturers.
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47

Mohd Dahan, Rozana, Muhamad Naiman Sarip, Yap Seong Ling, et al. "Surface Modification of Polyvinylidenefluoride-Trifluoroethylene Film Using Argon Gas Plasma." Advanced Materials Research 626 (December 2012): 317–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.626.317.

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This study investigates the surface properties of plasma surface modified spin coated PVDF-TrFE (70/30) film using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Water Contact Angle (WCA) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The surfaces of the spin coated PVDF-TrFE film were modified using 13.56 MHz rf Argon plasma. The exposure time of the charged particle PVDF-TrFE films were varied for 1, 3 and 5mins. Prior to modification, the average surface roughness obtained was 8.615nm, but upon modification, the surface roughness was found to increase to 12.466nm. The value of the contact angle of the modified film was reduced from 90o to 43o and the XPS analysis showed dehydrofluorination of PVDF-TrFE films surfaces. The improved in surface roughness and the increased in wettability of the modified film, resulted in good biocompatibility of the modified PVDF-TrFE thin films. This phenomenon has created interest in researchers for developing functional polymer used for applications in areas such are biomedical, bio-analytical assays, textile and even food industry.
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48

Remešová, Michaela, Lenka Klakurková, Ivana Ročňáková, Ladislav Čelko, Lucie Páleníková, and Jozef Kaiser. "Application of Metallographic Analysis Techniques for Detection and Identification of Spray Paint Defects." Solid State Phenomena 270 (November 2017): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.270.118.

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The paper is focused on the metallographic analysis of spray paint films with defects. The painting has two important roles. Firstly, it protects the substrate material (ferrous, nonferrous and plastic) and secondly, it improves the appearance of the surface. Appearance and quality of painting film play an important role in the industry (automotive, aerospace, consumer electronics, etc.). Defects of spray painting film, which have a negative effect on the appearance of the product, can be detected and further analysed by common methods used in metallography. Such methods are very effective tool for revealing the cause of defects and their elimination within the technological process (degreasing, cleaning, pickling, drying, technological discipline, etc.). In this paper, defects were characterized by high-resolution digital microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray analyser (EDX).
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49

Gotts, Hugh E. "Semiconductor Thin Film Characterization Via Raman Microprobe Spectroscopy: Analysis At The Process Line." Microscopy and Microanalysis 5, S2 (1999): 56–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s143192760001360x.

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Raman Microprobe Spectroscopy has been used in research laboratories to model the growth of thin film silicide layers and the re-crystallization of α-silicon, however little progress has been made towards using these techniques as either at line or on line tools.At line and on line instrumental techniques such as ellipsometry and X-Ray Fluorescence have been used to characterize the physical properties of thin films in the semiconductor industry, which has lead to improvements in device yields. These techniques, however, do not provide the specificity to determine thin film phase changes which result in improved device performance, whereas Raman Microprobe Spectroscopy can monitor these changes.In order to perform at line or on line measurements, the spectrometer must be moved to the process line floor. The recent improvements in spectrometer design which has produced systems robust enough to endure high technology manufacturing environments will be briefly discussed. Two case studies of semiconductor process monitoring via Raman Microprobe analysis will be presented.
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Zhang, Lei, Man Li, Hai Jian Li, and Xin Song. "Measurement of Multilayer Film Thickness Using X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer." Key Engineering Materials 726 (January 2017): 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.726.85.

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Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (EDXRF) allows a rapid determination of the concentration of elemental constituents or the thickness of thin film, it has been widely used in the industry of thin film thickness. But for multilayer film, especially the middle layer, with the absorption and enhance effect of other layers, the thickness and intensity of the middle layer is not a linear relationship. This paper reports a quantitative analysis of multilayer film thicknesses based on the use of EDXRF and fundamental parameters method. The thickness of multilayer film can be easily determined with the CTCFP software because it requires a minimum number of pure elementals only. Analysis of double-layer thin films using the CTCFP software shows that the inter-element and inter-layer X-ray absorptions and enhancements in a specimen have been determined properly. Results obtained on the standards confirmed the accuracy of the method.
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