Academic literature on the topic 'Film stereotypes'

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Journal articles on the topic "Film stereotypes"

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Monakhova, Margarita Olegovna. "The Reflection of Ethno-Cultural Stereotypes in Film Art." Journal of Flm Arts and Film Studies 4, no. 1 (February 15, 2012): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vgik41114-118.

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The article explores the principles and peculiarities of the cinematic language reflecting ethno-cultural stereotypes in recent Russian films. The diversity of expressive means used in modern Russian film art makes it possible to represent the ethno-cultural stereotype from different angles. Films that show visual stereotypes of the lifestyle in Poland creating a settled idea of Polish national identity are cited as an example.
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Trisnawati, Ririn Kurnia, Dian Adiarti, and Mia Fitria Agustina. "Gender stereotypes in Nancy Meyers� �The Intern� (2015): A study of film audience response." EduLite: Journal of English Education, Literature and Culture 6, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/e.6.1.147-164.

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Previous film studies focusing on gender stereotypes have been sufficiently conducted, yet what remains understudied is the study of film audience about dynamic gender stereotypes shown in one film. Conducting film audience study with the issue of dynamic gender stereotype allows discussions about audience�s perceptions, awareness and underlying knowledge of gender stereotypes. This study attempts to unravel responses collected from thirteen audience of Nancy Meyer�s �The Intern� (2015) and formulates two research objectives i.e. first, to discuss how the audience of �The Intern� perceive the dynamics of gender stereotype depicted in the film and, second, to examine the underlying insights of their perceptions. The incorporated theories are film audience study, serving also as methodological approach,�and the discourse of gender stereotype and its changing perspectives. The finding and discussion show that the audience of �The Intern� perceive the inclusion of gender stereotypes and its dynamic change in the film, and their perceptions are followed by several reasons and insights: the story-line of �The Intern� and the audience�s prior knowledge about gender stereotypes. Awareness and sensibility of gender stereotypes are also revealed after watching �The Intern�. Lastly, discussion about the intersection of the audience�s prior knowledge with the exposure about gender stereotype from various resources is also carried out.
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Doghudje, Roselyn Vona. "Balancing gender stereotypes in Nollywood: a consideration of Genevieve Nnaji’s Lionheart." EJOTMAS: Ekpoma Journal of Theatre and Media Arts 7, no. 1-2 (April 15, 2020): 83–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ejotmas.v7i1-2.6.

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The current increase in the protest for women’s right all over the world, amidst the resurgence of feminist critical thinking in mainstream culture, is giving film researchers a lot to reflect on. Based on previous researches, it can be deduced that very little progress has been made to correct the stereotypical portrayal of women in Nollywood films by both male and female producers. In order to examine the stereotypes and investigate the extent to these stereotypes reflect the social reality of both genders in real life, Lionheart, a movie produced by a veteran Nollywood actress, Genevieve Nnaji, with an average rating of 5.6/10 on IMDB (Internet Movie Database) and was nominated for an Oscar award was selected. Quantitative content analysis was applied and findings revealed that there was an effort by the producer to ‘demystify’ the power of men. The issues raised in the movie are topical and relevant to the feminist discourse on women’s representation in film and in the media generally. The movie also provides a way forward for gender-based discourse and serves as a point of reference for other female directors willing to interpret the role of women in a manner that is more accurate and truthfully reflective of their strengths and capacities. The study is anchored on stereotype content model (SCM). Keywords: Gender stereotypes, Nollywood films, Lionheart, Feminist critical thinking, SCM
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Hyde-Clarke, N. "“Beyond stereotypes”: representations of a foreign culture in film students’ productions." Literator 29, no. 2 (July 25, 2008): 149–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v29i2.120.

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Growing concerns about the continued use of cultural stereotypes in media production, and the subsequent decrease in diversity, resulted in the launch of a student film production programme between three tertiary institutions in South Africa and Finland during the first half of 2006. The aim of the programme was to encourage students to produce films about a foreign culture that moved “beyond stereotypes” and reflected a greater understanding of that society. This article examines the production process, participants’ experience and analyses the final products that were produced in the nine weeks the students spent in Helsinki, Finland. To what extent can media productions, such as film, be devoid of stereotypes?
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Lehane, Mike. "Film makers perpetuate mental illness stereotypes." Nursing Standard 15, no. 4 (October 11, 2000): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.15.4.30.s56.

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Sosnowski, Adam. "Press - magazines - literature - film as the sources of stereotypes about seamen." Szczecińskie Roczniki Naukowe V, no. 3 (1991): 95–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3750/stn/srn/t05/z3/06.

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Stankevičiūtė, Kristina. "Stereotyping Scandinavia in popular spy films: The image of the female." Journal of Scandinavian Cinema 9, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 311–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jsca_00006_1.

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Stereotyping, though considered ‘politically incorrect’, is viewed by some as a culturally economical choice that helps us save energy by simplifying the process of perceiving the world and its people. Spy films, in turn, are often constructed from certain clichés that some viewers expect, while more sophisticated spectators find them discrediting. Yet intentional use of clichés, including national and cultural stereotypes, may serve the purpose of conscious criticism or cultural irony, as is often the case in spy film parodies or spoofs. Referring to the widespread spy narrative character typology embodied in James Bond films, the article considers the popular stereotype of the Scandinavian woman observed in twenty-first-century espionage films for wide audiences, focusing on the Hamilton and Kingsman series to examine the effects that serious or ironic use of the stereotype has on the representation of female characters.
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Mikhailina, Marina Yu, and Vadim Yu Mikhailin. "Evolution of educational milieu psychological safety conceptualizing in Soviet “school film”." Izvestiya of Saratov University. New Series. Series: Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy 21, no. 2 (June 24, 2021): 190–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1819-7671-2021-21-2-190-194.

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The authors analyze the representations of school as pictured in Soviet films of 1930–1980s seen as a source for reconstruction of the notions concerning the safety of the educational milieu – self-generated as well as imposed by elites – that were characteristic of Soviet society. The discussion seems crucial for critical approach to those social stereotypes underlying modern conceptions of the educational milieu safety that were mostly shaped within the limits of the previous historical period. This material approached both from genetic and comparative perspectives allows to trace the dynamics of propagandistic dispositions in Soviet school film production; also it helps the authors to mark the exact historical moment when another propaganda campaign met the public’s expectations for “sincerely” working through the traumatic experience of growing up as based for the most part at the educational milieu. Appearing in early 1960s, the self-dependent genre of Soviet school film was gradually to become the main source for producing the persistent stereotypes of school experience as well as one of socially acceptable instruments for working through psychological trauma. The renewal of school film in modern Russia bases at the Soviet tradition: the conventions worked out within it are determinant for new films, as well as the stereotypes they transfer.
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Saglier, Viviane. "Arab Americans in Film: From Hollywood and Egyptian Stereotypes to Self-Representation." Review of Middle East Studies 54, no. 2 (December 2020): 328–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rms.2021.7.

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What can film studies bring to the study of Arab culture, politics, and history? The past ten years have seen an increase in historical, theoretical, and methodological exchanges between Middle East studies and film and media studies. The sub-field of “Arab film studies” (Ginsberg and Lippard 2020, viii) has emerged as one possible intersection of these two fields of inquiry. This is illustrated by two recent book series, the Cinema and Media Cultures in the Middle East series at Peter Lang Publishing (edited by Terri Ginsberg and Chris Lippard) and the Palgrave Studies in Arab Cinema series at Palgrave Macmillan (edited by Nezar Andary and Samirah Alkassim). Waleed Mahdi's Arab Americans in Film (2020) and Peter Limbrick's Arab Modernism as World Cinema: The Films of Moumen Smihi (2020) consolidate these exchanges across ethnic studies, area studies, political sciences, (art) history, and film and media studies. While Mahdi primarily positions himself from within ethnic studies and Limbrick is first a film scholar, both have published in reference journals in film studies, Middle East studies, and cultural studies.
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Fitch, John C. "Making a College Professor Film: A Case Study." Journal of Creative Communications 15, no. 1 (September 16, 2019): 90–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973258619866353.

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Investigations on cinematic representations of higher education have sought to provide a deeper understanding of popular culture images and how they intersect with real-life academia. Moreover, such projects have examined how such mass communication texts may influence popular opinion surrounding colleges and universities. The existing literature on specific depictions of college professors in American films has explored a number of themes from various perspectives. Many scholars claim that such cinematic representations of higher education and faculty are negative and reinforce cultural stereotypes. Yet, little has been written about how filmmakers create such images. This article examines cinematic college professors from the viewpoint of the filmmaker by completing a case study of a recently produced college professor film and members of its creative team. Interviews with the screenwriter/director, production designer, and costume designer of a pseudonymously titled film investigates how the work of these film professionals was influenced by a number of factors, including their own experiences in higher education, their personal conceptions of college professors, previously viewed college-themed films, and existing stereotypes about professors.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Film stereotypes"

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Gabor, Elena. "The stereotype caravan: Assessment of stereotypes and ideology levels used to portray Gypsies in two European feature films." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34160.

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The dominant ideology in Eastern Europe has kept and still keeps Roma people at the lowest level of society through a long list of negative stereotypes and active discrimination. Up to the end of the twentieth century, cinematography tended to portray Gypsies as an exotic element in romantic settings, avoiding social and political issues like poverty, discrimination and marginalization. The fall of communism marked a change, as more films dared to speak against the dominant ideology. This thesis examines the socio-cultural stereotypes used to portray the Gypsies and the levels of ideology present in two movies: Gadjo Dilo (Tony Gatlif, 1997, France) and Time of the Gypsies (Emir Kusturica, 1989, Yugoslavia).
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Young, Kelcei. "And the Stereotype Award Goes to...: A Comparative Analysis of Directors using African American Stereotypes in Film." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1609173/.

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This study examines African American stereotypes in film. I studied six directors, Kathryn Bigelow, Spike Lee, the Russo Brothers, Ryan Coogler, Tate Taylor, and Dee Rees; and six films Detroit, BlacKkKlansman, Captain America: The Winter Soldier, The Help, and Mudbound. Using the framework of critical race theory and auteur theory, I compared the common themes between the films and directors. The main purpose of my study is to see if White or Black directors predominantly used African American stereotypes. I found that both races of directors rely on stereotypes for different purposes. With Black directors, the stereotype was explained further through character development, while the White directors used the stereotype at face value with no further explanation.
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Hanna, Olsson. "Harry Potter and the Fat Stereotypes." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för film och litteratur (IFL), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-79683.

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In the field of research within film studies which consider how aspects such as gender or race affect the portrayal of a character, the aspect of characters' body sizes are not always taken into account. By analysing the fat characters in the popular children's and young adult film series about Harry Potter, I bring attention to the fact that the use of stereotypes is significant in these characterisations, and further contributes to the marginalisation of this particular group of people. I looked specifically at what the characters had in common with each other, and if they adhered to already established stereotypes concerning fat people, and found that the one thing they all share is a lack of academic or intellectual skill to varying degrees, which is in line with the common stereotypes of fat people as dumb. I further analysed the differences between the fat men and fat women in the series, and found that fat men were a far more common occurrence than fat women, and that fat girls did not even exist in these stories. This is not surprising, as the exclusion of fat women and girls is abundant in mainstream culture.
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Aube, Christine Lokotsch. "The Enduring Villain: Germans as Nazi Stereotypes in American Cinema." W&M ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626154.

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Torres, Ines Galiano. "Exploring Ethnic Stereotypes through the Production of Five Short Films." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3035.

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This is a nontraditional thesis that combines social research in ethnic stereotypes in TV and film with the creative process of film production. This paper contains the formal step of research, in addition to the details on the production and creation of five original short films related to the issue of ethnic representations.
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Christensen, Daniel. "Stereotyper i toner : Musikens roll i konstruktionen av stereotyper i svensk film under 1990- och 2000-talet." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för musikvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-200618.

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The aim of this paper is to investigate what part film music plays in the creation of stereo-types in the production of Swedish cinema, in the 1990s and early 2000s. This period of Swedish cinema was largely defined through the visualization of life in the smaller provinces of the country. The results were reached through the analyzing of four important works of this era, representing different provinces and genres. The examined movies have shown frequent use of extreme characters and a somewhat hostile environment in search of an interesting story. The music is used in ways of describing class differences amongst the inhabitants and to set the gen-eral mood of the concerned provinces: an agent often working in the unconscious of the viewer in order to affect the final results.
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Black, Audrey. "The Russian Woman as Sexual Subject: Evolving Images in U.S. Television and Film, 2012-2016." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/20504.

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In American entertainment media Russian women overwhelmingly appear in sexualized contexts. For the past 25 years, since the Soviet Union was dissolved, there has been a consistent drive to represent on only a handful of narrative categories. These can be reduced essentially to sex trafficking, mail-order brides, and sexual espionage. Despite this limited repertoire, over the past five years there has been significant variation in approaches taken to those categories. This study offers a surveyed textual analysis of how the construction of the Russian woman as sexual subject has evolved to meet new understandings and imperatives. Many of these texts take on challenging topics with unprecedented levels of discursive and rhetorical sophistication, often subverting popular imagination. Driven by feminist media studies and critical cultural theory, I isolate the elements of these texts that interact with geopolitics and socioeconomic realities, in order to deconstruct the mythologies and ideologies behind these stereotypes.
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Hafström, Theo, and Maja Jonsson. "Svarta kroppar och vita blickar : En komparativ studie av samhällskritiken i filmerna Get Out och Play." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Medier och kommunikation, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-448087.

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There is an ongoing debate in the media about whether or not caucasian filmmakers should be telling stories about racism and the black experience. This study aims to further the discussion by examining and comparing social criticism in the two feature-length films Play and Get Out, made by caucasian filmmaker Ruben Östlund and African American filmmaker Jordan Peele respectively. Using a multimodal critical discourse analysis grounded in Stuart Hall and Richard Dyer’s theories on representation and stereotyping, the study investigates what discourses regarding race and stereotypes are present in the films. The study shows that both films raise social criticism by references to the historical and contemporary racial discourse and depicting how the white characters act upon their racial prejudice. However, while Östlund attempts to have his audience reflect on their own behaviour and prejudices, the racist implications made by the white characters in Play, along with the black characters stereotypical manners, are often left unconfrontented and therefore reconstructs the racial order. Peele, however, manages to deconstruct the racial order through usage of more creative interdiscursive elements which highlight the importance of a shared black experience, exposing the privileged and racially charged actions of the white characters in Get Out and the vulnerable position of its black characters.
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Trowell, Melody Cukor-Avila Patricia. "A test of the effects of linguistic stereotypes in children's animated film a language attitude study /." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2007. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-3605.

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Trowell, Melody. "A test of the effects of linguistic stereotypes in children's animated film: A language attitude study." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3605/.

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This study examined the claim that animated films influence childrens' opinions of accented-English. Two hundred and eighteen 3rd through 5th graders participated in a web-based survey. They listened to speakers with various accents: Mainstream US English (MUSE), African American Vernacular English (AAVE), French, British, and Arabic. Respondents judged speakers' personality traits (Work Ethic, Wealth, Attitude, Intelligence), assigned jobs/life positions, and provided personal information, movie watching habits, and exposure to foreign languages. Results indicate: (1) MUSE ranks higher and AAVE lower than other speakers, (2) jobs/life positions do not correlate with animated films, (3) movie watching habits correlate with AAVE, French, and British ratings, (4) foreign language exposure correlates with French, British, and Arabic ratings.
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Books on the topic "Film stereotypes"

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Cyberbullies, cyberactivists, cyberpredators: Film, TV, and Internet stereotypes. Santa Barbara, California: Praeger, 2016.

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Film and stereotype: A challenge for cinema and theory. New York: Columbia University Press, 2011.

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Klobas, Lauri E. Disability drama in television and film. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland, 1988.

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Fishman, Sylvia Barack. I of the beholder: Jews and gender in film and popular culture. Waltham, MA: Brandeis University, International Research Institute on Jewish Women, 1998.

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Childhood Indians: Television, film and sustaining the white (sub)conscience. Scotts Valley, Calif.]: [CreateSpace], 2010.

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Reznik, David L. New Jews?: Race and American Jewish identity in 21st-century film. Boulder: Paradigm Publishers, 2012.

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Fuller, Karla Rae. Hollywood goes Oriental: CaucAsian performance in American film. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 2010.

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Hollywood goes Oriental: CaucAsian performance in American film. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 2010.

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Reel bad Arabs: How Hollywood vilifies a people. Northampton, Mass: Olive Branch Press, 2009.

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Reel bad Arabs: How Hollywood vilifies a people. New York: Olive Branch Press, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Film stereotypes"

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Cameron, Leah, Irena Knezevic, and Roy Hanes. "Inspiring people or perpetuating stereotypes?" In Disability Representation in Film, TV, and Print Media, 108–27. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003035114-6.

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O’Brien, Daniel. "Due Afro-Americani a Roma: John Kitzmiller, Woody Strode and Remoulding Stereotypes in Italian Popular Cinema." In Black Masculinity on Film, 123–50. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-59323-8_6.

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Lemish, Dafna, and Nelly Elias. "Perpetuating Gender Stereotypes from Birth: Analysis of TV Programs for Viewers in Diapers." In The Palgrave Handbook of Children's Film and Television, 487–505. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17620-4_27.

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Srinivas, S. V. "Chinaman, Not Hindustani: Stereotypes and Solidarity in a Hong Kong Film on India." In Hong Kong and Bollywood, 85–103. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-94932-8_5.

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King, Christa Knellwolf. "Chapter 6. Affect labelling as a means of challenging exotic stereotypes in readings of Salwa Bakr’s “The Golden Chariot”." In FILLM Studies in Languages and Literatures, 95–108. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/fillm.12.06kin.

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Renov, Michael. "Warring Images: Stereotype and American Representations of the Japanese, 1941-1991." In The Japan/America Film Wars, 95–118. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003205289-5.

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Lewis, Ingrid. "Violent, Erotic, Brainwashed: Stereotypes of Female Perpetrators in Holocaust Films between 1945 and 2000." In Women in European Holocaust Films, 83–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65061-6_6.

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Zabalbeascoa, Patrick. "Some Observations on British Accent Stereotypes in Hollywood-Style Films 1." In The Dialects of British English in Fictional Texts, 133–49. New York : Routledge 2021. | Series: Routledge research in language and communication: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003017431-11.

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Kühberger, Christoph. "Indianer spielen." In Public History - Angewandte Geschichte, 227–56. Bielefeld, Germany: transcript Verlag, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839453582-012.

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Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit dem in Österreich noch immer präsenten Phänomen des »Indianer Spielens«. Mit Verweisen auf die historischen Entwicklungen in den USA und Europa, vor allem am Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts, werden Aneignungsweisen der Figur des »Indianers« als zeitlich fixiertes und kaum veränderbares Zerrbild von Angehörigen der First Nations dargestellt. Anhand von Zeitungsberichten, Fotografien und Erinnerungen wird herausgearbeitet, welche Stereotype - ausgehend von Produkten der Geschichtskultur (Romane, Filme, Spielzeug etc.) - in Österreich in der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts aktiviert wurden und welche Bilder in den Köpfen der Kinder entstanden, die sie im Spiel reproduzierten. Darüber hinaus werden methodische Fragen gestellt, wie man historische Spuren des Kinderspiels auffinden und wie man die Vorstellungswelten von Kindern in der Vergangenheit rekonstruieren kann. Der Beitrag schließt mit einer moralisch-ethischen Diskussion normativer Momente, die rassistische Komponenten ebenso thematisiert wie die These vom »genozidalen Spielen« oder die Herausforderungen einer fortgesetzten Aneignung.
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Ullán de la Rosa, Francisco Javier, and Hugo García Andreu. "Roma Population in the Spanish Education System: Identifying Explanatory Frameworks and Research Gaps." In Social and Economic Vulnerability of Roma People, 201–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52588-0_13.

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AbstractThis chapter makes a literature review based on the Grant and Booth qualitative systematic methodology of the studies about the educational situation of the Roma in Spain, with an wider, extended scope that allows to compare the findings with those conducted on other countries’ Roma populations. Studies on the Roma educational situation in Spain are hindered by the lack of official, periodical statistics, having to rely on sample-based surveys and ethnographic studies. In spite of the inaccuracy of the studies all of them show, as a general picture, a staggering educational gap between the Roma and the rest of society which is common to all Western countries. Most of the studies on Roma education have concentrated in this negative aspect. Numerous theoretical frameworks have been developed to explain this staggering education gap. All them acknowledge the phenomenon as a multidimensional one but for heuristic purposes they can be ordered along an endogenous/exogenous factors continuum depending on how much they stress the weight of factors stemming from characteristics of the Roma ethnic group itself or, on the contrary, of the majority non-Roma society. The literature review has also identified an emergent critical current that sees this studies focused on educational underachievement as a sharing a common essentialist bias that helps to reinforce the stigmatization of Roma and have turned to focus, instead, on the study of academic success among the Roma. Although this emerging field is very promising, our review has identify several significant research gaps in this regard: a lack of longitudinal studies, a lack of studies on the Roma upper and middle classes and a lack of studies on Roma students in post-compulsory education, particularly the university level. This article encourages researchers to fill this gaps with the conviction that the knowledge obtained can help combat the negative stereotypes and the self-fulfilling prophecy effect that approaches focused on Roma underachievement may have.
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Conference papers on the topic "Film stereotypes"

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Thomas, Theda, and Alesha Allen. "Gender Differences in Students’ Perceptions of Information Technology as a Career." In InSITE 2006: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3035.

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This paper reports on an investigation into first year students’ perceptions of IT as a career. There are many stereotypes of the typical IT professional. These stereotypes are often depicted in the media and affect students’ perceptions of the career and whether they should study IT or not. An exploratory study into male and female first year students’ perceptions of the IT professional is presented. The participants included students studying the Bachelor of Business and Bachelor of Information Systems degrees at ACU National in Melbourne, Australia. The study investigated the differences and similarities between the perceptions of males and females as well as where they came by those perceptions. The study found that the majority of students had chosen to drop IT as a subject at school by Year 10 of their schooling. Males and females differ in their reasons for giving up IT, with females listing computer illiteracy and dislike of being called a nerd as their main reasons and males listing boredom, teachers not being encouraging and little creativity as their main reasons for stopping. The students were then asked questions relating to the IT industry. A t-test showed that females were significantly more negative about the industry in their answers to three of the questions, namely “Is it ‘uncool’ to be interested in computers?” “Does the IT industry offer good job prospects?” and “Are people working in the IT industry ‘nerds/computer geeks’?” The survey then went on to look at the technical versus non-technical issue in perceptions of an IT career. The majority of the participants believed that an IT job consists mainly of technical work and working at a computer. This was true for all the students across both genders. The majority of students did not know any females in the IT industry and could not name any female role models from real life or from TV or film. Some of the role models that they did mention were cartoon characters.
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Chau, Kien Tsong, Pau Yen Ooi, and Tan Rurng Jang Amos. "Perception of gender-stereotype in films." In ICMIP 2020: 2020 5th International Conference on Multimedia and Image Processing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3381271.3381303.

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Zheng, Xinwei. "Analysis on the Self-Identification in Lesbian Relationships and Potential Stereotypes Portrayed in Films." In 2nd International Conference on Language, Art and Cultural Exchange (ICLACE 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210609.086.

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Wilson, Stephen, Renaud Jourdain, and Sam Owens. "Pre-Stressed Piezoelectric Bimorph Micro-Actuators Based on Machined 40-Micron PZT Ceramic Thick Films—Batch Scale Fabrication and Integration With MEMS." In ASME 2009 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2009-1303.

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Abstract:
The projected force-displacement capability of piezoelectric ceramic films in the 20–50μm thickness range suggests that they are well suited to many micro-fluidic and micro-pneumatic applications. Furthermore when they are configured as bending actuators and operated at ∼1V/μm they do not necessarily conform to the high-voltage, very low-displacement piezoelectric stereotype. Even so they are rarely found today in commercial micro-electromechanical devices, such as micro-pumps and micro-valves, and the main barriers to making them much more widely availability would appear to be processing incompatibilities rather than commercial desirability. In particular, the issues associated with integration of these devices into MEMS at the production level are highly significant and they have perhaps received less attention in the mainstream than they deserve. This paper describes a fabrication route based on ultra-precision ceramic machining and full-wafer bonding for cost-effective batch-scale production of thick film PZT bimorph micro-actuators and their integration with MEMS. The resulting actuators are pre-stressed (ceramic in compression) which gives them added performance, they are true bimorphs with bi-directional capability and they exhibit full bulk piezoelectric ceramic properties. The devices are designed to integrate with ancillary systems components using transfer bonding techniques. The work forms part of the European Framework 6 Project ‘Q2M - Quality to Micro’.
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