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1
Axman, Vladimír. "Obvody s moderními aktivními prvky." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233441.
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PhD. thesis is deals about sekond order ARC filters for cascade synthezis of Active filters. Here are presented new configurations of second order filters with current conveyors usable for higher frequencies and new second order filters with current conveyors usable for electrical tunable filters. In PhD. Thesis are presented schematics and equations for new sekond order filters. There are presented also practical realizations of these filters and basic measure results.
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Jonasson, Anders. "Konstruktion och utvärdering av Current Conveyors." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1976.
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Normally the operational amplifier is used as a component in active filter design. The goal for future components in filter design is large bandwith and the use of low supply voltages. The use of current-mode instead of voltage-mode circuits gets a step closer to the required performance. A component that use current as the signal conveying part is the current conveyor. In this report a comparative study between two current conveyor structures of second generation (CCII) is performed. The most suited is later implemented and simulated using the CMOS process AMS.C035. The component is also tested in a continuous-time elliptic low-pass filter of leapfrog type. The filter does not behave as it should. However, better performance can be obtained by redesigning the current conveyor.
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Šotner, Roman. "Vícefunkční přeladitelný aktivní filtr." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-217657.
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The diploma thesis deals about design of the ARC multifunctional filters using modern functional blocks. These active blocks are for example voltage feedback operational amplifiers (OAs), operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs), current conveyors (CCIIs) or current mode analog multipliers, current feedback amplifiers (CFAs), integrated circuits with switched capacitors building blocks (SCs) and digital potentiometers. The filters are studied with ideal circuit models and models of third level (3) based on voltage controlled voltage sources, voltage controlled current sources etc. (analog behavioral modelling). The professional macromodels are used for example LT 1364 (Linear Technology), EL 2045 (Intersil), LT 1228 (Linear Technology), LM 13700 (National Semiconductor), EL 2082 (Intersil), AD 844 (Analog Devices) and others. The circuits of the designed filters are simulated in PSpice (OrCAD), parasite effects and effects of the real parts are studied. Tuning and electronic adjusting parameters these filters are discussed and controlled by simulation in PSpice. Properties some simulated circuits are compare with experimental results. In conclusion individual filters are discussed and compared their properties. The constructional details of the some filters are presented at the end of this work.
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El, Dbib Issa. "Low Voltage Current Conveyor Design Techniques." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233421.
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Disertační práce se zabývá proudovými konvejery CCII v proudovém modu s nízkým napájecím napětím. Potřeba velké rychlosti, vysokého výkonu a nízkého napájecího napětí pro mobilní elektroniku a komunikační systémy a potíže se současným stavem tlačí analogové návrháře k nalezení obvodové architektury a nové nízkopříkonové techniky. Je zde podrobně rozebrána technika složené kaskody a substrátu řízeného tranzistoru, která pomáhá produkci nízkopříkonových nízkovoltových obvodů. Dále jsou rozebrány a diskutovány základní funkční bloky, jako jsou proudová zrcadla, diferenční zesilovače a další, schopné pracovat při nízkých napájecích napětích. Jádrem práce je návrh konvejerů typu CCII s nízkým napájecím napětím. Jsou rozebrány jejich výhody a srovnání s konvenčními obvody. Princip a implementace operačního zesilovače založeného na proudovém konvejeru CCII je v práci navržen a popsán.
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Petlák, Martin. "Návrh analogových kmitočtových filtrů s využitím grafů signálových toků." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-217316.
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In my graduation thesis I first of all shortly mentioned frequency–selection filters and their utilisations. However, the base point of this project was to acquaint with different types of signal flow diagrams with whom I should design and analyse frequency-selection filtres with conventional and also innovative active components. As the first I created signal flow diagrams for both voltage and current conveyors. These modern active components are well known today and enable the construction of circuits with better properties than circuits with traditional differentiating amplifiers with voltage feedback. Thereinafter I made signal flow diagrams for OTA component. Transconductancal amplifiers are well known active components used in various areas of analog signal processing. OTA amplifier is in fact the current source controlled by voltage difference, which is characterised by gm transconductance. Ulterior components were IOZ and IZN models of voltage amplifier with voltage gain A. The last component was COA amplifier. It is a current operational amplifier. COA model is fully dual component to VOA, which is classical voltage amplifier. In my project I used filters with two OTA components. This filter offers functions like low-pass filter, band-pass filter, high-pass filter, band-stop filter and two-phase network. Following this I used circuits with two GCC conveyors. These offer band-pass filter, low-pass filter, high-pass filter, band-stop filter and two-phase network. Ultimately I designed filters with COA components, which offer three transmission functions simultaneously (DP, PP and HP). Analysis of these filters was made with a help of PSpice computer programme.
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Salášek, Jan. "Analogové funkční bloky fraktálního řádu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241141.
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Thesis describes the design of the blocks of fractional-order filters approximation using a filter of higher order integer. Active filters of third-order are use to create filter of 1+alfa -order, where alfa is between zero to one. One of the filters is practically implemented and measured.
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Kosztyu, Tomáš. "Moderní aktivní prvky a jejich chování v lineárních blocích." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218124.
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The topic of this master’s thesis was a frequency filters and their realization using modern active elements like UVC, UCC, VFA, CFA and OTA. The base point of this thesis was designed frequency filters with these active elements, when the shape of the transfer function will be identical for all structures and compare the characteristics of active elements. The proposed frequency filters are second order with one or two active elements. In the first part of thesis are discussed basic properties of frequency filters, their properties and distribution. Next are described the general characteristics of active filters and their basic elements such as operational amplifier OTA, VFA and CFA, and recently more frequently used voltage and current conveyor. The second part is the frequency filters designed with these elements is the same transfer function. Subsequently, simulations are done all the filters and obtained the frequency response. Finally, these filters are experimentally made and made practical measurements.
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Vencálek, Roman. "Univerzální aktivní prvky a jejich využití v kmitočtových filtrech." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218092.
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This master’s thesis deals with the advanced universal modern active elements, such as the current and voltage conveyors. The problem with small bandwidth has been fixed due to the quick development in recent years. Current and voltage conveyors are still being researched. The good properties of conveyors promise their possible commercial usage in the future. For the research of current conveyors we can use parts of other integrated circuits and thus get elements with similar properties. This thesis suggests how to make an active filter using the DBTA and FDBTA elements which were created by “combination” of the universal current and voltage conveyor. Simulations were carried out on selected circuits containing the DBTA to verify their properties. It was for finding out about their behaviour in real applications that the circuits were constructed. This enabled the comparison of the results acquired from the simulation programs with the ideal behaviour of the elements and with the models simulating real properties against the values acquired by measurements of the circuits.
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Minarčík, Martin. "Návrh koncepce napěťového konvejoru a jeho aplikační možnosti." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233471.
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This doctoral thesis deals with a voltage conveyor as a new active element for an analog signal processing. Various types of the voltage conveyors have been defined as a dual active elements to current conveyors based on a duality principle. Conception of a new active element that can supply all types of the voltage conveyors have been proposed. The active element has been named an universal voltage conveyor – UVC. A voltage follower is a basic building block of the UVC. The well-known circuit realization of the voltage follower comes from four transconductance amplifiers with key parameters (voltage transfer and output resistance) derived from relative accuracy of used transconductance amplifiers has been used by UVC fabrication. A new circuit realization of the voltage follower comes from three transconductance amplifiers with key parameters also derived from relative accuracy of used transconductance amplifiers has been designed. Further the doctoral thesis deals with a frequency filter with the voltage conveyors design using signal flow graphs. Various graphs of the voltage conveyors comes from the various circuit analysis methods with non-regular active elements have been created. A basic graph of the voltage conveyor has been designed with help of a known controlled sources graphs. This graph have been used to design of multifunctional frequency filters, filters with high input and low output impedance and controlled frequency filters. A design procedure have been created so that in specific step of the frequency filter design the basic graph of the voltage conveyor could be extended to graph of any type of the voltage conveyor. Thereby a practical usage of various types of the voltage conveyors has been finding out. Further a new method of frequency filter design based on expanding of the signal flow has beenproposed.
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Štěpán, Radim. "Všestranné autonomní obvodové ekvivalenty plovoucích a uzemněných pasivních prvků." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219295.
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This thesis deals with a proposal of versatile autonomous circuit equivalents of floating and grounded passive elements by means of modern active tectonic blocks, such as current and voltage conveyors of all three generations. Current conveyors range as essential tectonic blocks in a current mode. Concerning signal processing, it encompasses a mixed tectonic block. In most cases, these elements may be substituted for presently insufficient operating amplifiers. The voltage conveyor was defined on the basis of duality of current and voltage modes. This element could be selected as a suitable active component for circuits operating in a voltage mode. Implementing the connection, a general autonomous circuit is taken into account. By selecting given admittances, a FDNR (floating frequency dependent negative resistance) element, floating capacitance, floating inductance and ground to floating admittance converter may be implemented. The practical part describes connections which fulfill given requirements. The suggested elements are simulated in comparison with ideal elements and subsequently, they are applied to a frequency filter. The second order filter with a proposed induction coil was practically assembled and experimentally measured in a laboratory. The measured results were compared to simulations received by the use of ideal and real models of current and voltage conveyors.
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Hanzlík, Václav. "odprášení chladícího pásu na aglomeraci(výkon pasu 130t/h)." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230880.
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The main aim of this thesis is to propose a suitable dusting cooling conveyor technology for agglomeration South in Ostrava. The first part deals with the actual sinter production and its influence on air. It further describes the most commonly used separation device in agglomerations. In the second part of this thesis there is designed a scheme of piping line for suction air and there is also described the choice of abatement equipment and associated equipment. The work includes also drawing plans of the proposed solution.
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Preclík, Milan. "Řiditelné kmitočtové filtry s moderními aktivními prvky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218298.
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The work deals with design of transformation cells suitable for realization of higher orders frequency filters with possibility of cutoff frequency control. At first, there is a common description of frequency filters and active elements like current and voltage conveyors. Furthermore assumptions of cutoff frequency control are defined which result in a convenient characteristical equation. Phylosophy of synthetic elements DP , EP , DS , ES including a possibility of change of cutoff frequency is next in line. By exploitation of synthetic elements theory new circuit’s schemes of transformation cells are searched. The work continues with the choice of appropriate transformation cells for resulting circuit’s solutions of frequency filters with possibility of cutoff frequency control by using transfer coefficients of active elements or with help of passive elements. The work concludes with verification of its proper function based on a simulation executed in OrCAD and with practical implementation of choosen circuit’s solution.
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Gajdoš, Adam. "Elektronicky rekonfigurovatelné kmitočtové filtry." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241983.
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The aim of the thesis was design of reconnection-less and electronically reconfigurable filters of SISO type with non-traditional active elements. Adjustability of bandwidth or quality factor is also required. First part of the thesis deals with theoretical analysis of filters, their operation modes and design of frequency filters using Signal-flow graph method aswell. Last but not least, electronical reconfiguration of transfer function and parasitic analysis was discussed. Another part describes active elements used in the practical part of thesis. Behaviors and design of active elements using existing circuits (e.g. UCC,EL2082) are described and their transformation into the Signal-flow graph form too. In the practical part five reconnection-less and reconfigurable filters of SISO type was designed using SNAP program. Simulations were done using Orcad program with ideal and real simulation models of active elements. Last part deals with filter design in EAGLE and experimental measurement.
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Novotný, Matouš. "Filtry vyšších řádů s proudovými zrcadly." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218224.
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Submitted work engages in suggestion of frequency-selection filters with usage of more active elements of the MCMI (Multi-Output Current Mirror and inverter). The preamble of thesis is applied to theory of frequency-selection filters and possible usage of them. The projected circuit layouts with the active elements are discussed in terms of the impact of parasitic properties of the real models. The part of thesis is numerical suggestion of found solutions, their simulation in suitable program.
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Pánek, David. "Syntéza diferenčních filtračních struktur se složenými aktivními prvky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-399604.
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This document is focused on already existing single-ended frequency filters with modern active components working in current mode and their modification into fully-differential ended form. After the modification both versions were compared between each other. The first part informs about problems concerning analogue frequency filters. The second part deals with used active components - MO-CF (Multiple Output Current Follower), BOTA (Balanced transconductance amplifier), UCC (universal current conveyor), VDTA (Voltage differencing transconductance amplifier), CDTA (Current differencing transconductance amplifier) and VDCC (voltage differencing current conveyor). Four circuits have been chosen and transformed into their differential form. Two circuits have been chosen and realised into PCB and then practicaly measured in a laboratory. The last part is a summary of simulations and measured results and check of circuits behavior result.
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Jeřábek, Jan. "Kmitočtové filtry s proudovými aktivními prvky." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233528.
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This doctoral thesis is focused mainly on research of new current active elements and their applications in frequency filters suitable for current-mode. Work is focused on design of new filtering structures suitable for traditional single-ended signal processing and also on structures suitable for fully-differential applications. The thesis contains three designed general conceptions of KHN-type second-order filters. Adjustability of quality factor and pole frequency is provided by controllable current amplifiers that are placed properly in designed structures. Structures also contain second-generation current conveyors, multiple-output current followers, transconductance amplifiers and their fully-differential equivalents. There are lot of possible solutions that could be obtained from general structures, some of them are presented in the work. The thesis also presents several multifunctional and also single-purpose filtering structures of second-order and two variants of n-th order synthetic elements which are suitable to realize higher order filters both in single ended and fully differential type. In each case, functionality of new solutions is verified by simulations and in several cases also by real measurement.
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Homola, Radek. "Kmitočtové filtry s proudovými aktivními prvky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218121.
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This master´s thesis is about MO-CF, DCCA and CC frequency filters with current active elements proposal. Current active elements, their features, structure and utilization are shown in introduction. A progress propose of universal filter is described in thesis. With the use of active elements has been established an universal filter with basic parameter changes capability (quality and limit frequency). SNAP software was used in this propose and the characteristics simulation have been done in OrCad-PSpice. For control changes of quality and limit frequency was used active element DCCA. The main circuit board of universal controlled filter was made with the EAGLE software. Created sample was measured for each type of filter, the different quality and limit frequency. These values were compared with simulated values of the filter.
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Bílek, Vít. "Třískové hospodářství obráběcího stroje." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230341.
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This thesis is concerned with cutting farm machine and it consists of three parts. Theoretical part describes mechanism of chip formation, shape of the chips, temperature of the chips, technological variables describing chips, chip conveyor, chip crusher, briquetting press and coolant filter. In the next part there is proposal of design of cutting farm machine for production cell consists of six machining center. At last part there is design proposal and calculation of chip conveyor.
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Stejný, Jiří. "Návrh řiditelných kmitočtových filtrů s moderními proudovými prvky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218116.
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This master´s thesis deals an active elements called digitally controlled current amplifier, multiple-output current follower and its usage in tunable frequency filters. These tunable frequency filters operate in a pure current mode. In the first part of this work are presented the different types of current active elements. Universal current conveyor, multiple-output current follower, digitally controlled current amplifier (UCC, MO-CF, DCCA). In the second part of this work are introduced particular methods of design tunable frequency filters. Special attention is given to using the design method of via autonomous circuits because it is one of the most. In the last part of this thesis are designed and computer-simulated individual multifunction tunable frequency filters with those already active yet elements. These filters were designed via autonomous circuits or modification of existing circuits. The functionality of the proposed filtres have been verified by computer simulation. Snap3 program was used for the symbolic analyse of circuit and OrCad PSpice program was used to simulate the characteristics of multifunction filters.
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Jašek, František. "Návrh nových aktivních filtrů pomocí grafů signálových toků." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218236.
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This master’s thesis describes the design of the frequency filters by the help of the graph of the signal flows. There are defined by modern components like GVC (Generalized Voltage Conveyor), GCC (Generalized Current Conveyor), CF (Current Follower), DO-CF (Dual-Output Current Follower), OTA (Operational Transconductance Amplifier), BOTA (Ballanced Operational Transconductance Amplifier) and CFTA (Current Follower Transconductance Amplifier), the graphs of the signal flows, which describe their activity in the thesis. In the other part of the thesis is illustrated the procedure of the design of the frequency filters by the help of the graphs of the signal flows. For the concrete design was selected in the first case as the active component double output current follower and in the second case the CFTA. There are noted all designed circuits of the frequency filters also their characteristic equations in this thesis. The activity of the selected circuits was remitted to the analysis in the simulation program called PSpice. Because the active components, with which was engaged in the design of the filter which doesn’t exist in the real form, that is why the UCC, which is sufficing for attestation of the function of the circuit, was used for the simulation. The simulation was implemented in the frequency range 10 Hz to 10 MHz.
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Pisár, Peter. "Metody návrhu aktivních kmitočtových filtrů na základě pasivního RLC prototypu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218107.
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The aim of this diploma thesis is to design active frequency filters based on passive RLC prototype. Three methods of the design of active filters and active functional blocks of electronic circuits working in current or mixed mode are used to this purpose. These blocks allow to process electrical signals with frequencies up to low tens of megahertz. In addition they feature for instance with high slew rate and low supply voltage power. Active high-pass and low-pass 2nd order filters are designed using simulation of inductor by active subcircuit method. Grounded and subsequently floating synthetic inductor is made with the current conveyors in the first case and with the current operational amplifiers with single input and differential output in the second case. This method advantage is relatively simple design and disadvantage is great quantity of active functional blocks. Active filters based on passive frequency ladder 3rd order filter while only one floating inductor is connected, are designed with circuit equation method. In the first design differential input / output current followers are used and in the second case current-differencing buffered amplifiers are used. This method benefits by smaller active blocks number and disadvantage is more complex design of the active filter. Active filter based on passive prototype of low-pass 3rd order filter with two floating inductors is designed with Bruton transformation method. Final active filter uses current operational amplifiers with single input and differential output which together with other passive elements replace frequency depending negative resistor, which arise after previous Bruton transform. This method usage is advantageous if the design consists of larger quantity of inductors and less number of capacitors. High-pass 2nd order filter is simulated by tolerance and parametrical analyses. Physical realisation utilising current feedback operational amplifier which substitute commercially hardly accessible current conveyors is subsequently made. Measurements of constructed active filter show that additional modifications, which allow better amplitude frequency characteristics conformity, are necessary.
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Prát, Marek. "Návrh elektronicky rekonfigurovatelných filtračních struktur s moderními aktivními prvky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-377113.
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The aim of master's thesis was design of electronically reconfigurable filters. Adjustability of pole frequency or quality factor is possible. First part of thesis deals with theoretical analysis of filters, their operation modes, design of frequency filters using Signal-Flow graph method and parasitic analysis. The next part describes active elements used in thesis. In a third part, three reconfigurable filters are described and designed and their simulations and parasitic analysis are made. Last part deals with filter design in EAGLE and experimental measurement.
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Koton, Jaroslav. "Syntéza a analýza obvodů s moderními aktivními prvky." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233476.
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The dissertation thesis deals with the synthesis and design of active frequency filters using current (CC) and voltage (VC) conveyors, or current active elements CMI (Current Mirror and Inverter), MCMI (Multi-output CMI) and PCA (Programmable Current Amplifier). As introduction, these active elements are described as suitable for the design of the circuits working in the voltage-, current,- ,and mixed-mode, or in pure current-mode speaking about the current active elements. The new frequency filter structures presented in this thesis using the above mentioned active elements were designed by the generalized autonomous circuit method, transformation cells and signal flow-graph theory. The generalized autonomous circuit method is based on full admittance network to which generalized active elements are connected. The described admittance networks can be used for other active elements. The next method is based on the transformation cells that subsequently are used for the design of synthetic elements with higher-order imittance. Original conditions for the design of such blocks are given that lead to maximal simplicity of the final structure with minimal number of passive and active elements. For effective usage of another method utilizing signal flow-graphs, new reduced graphs of chosen active elements are given. Their usage leads to direct function blocks synthesis with required properties. The functionality and behavior of chosen circuit solutions have been verified by analyses in simulation programs. The active elements were simulated by the universal current conveyor (UCC) or universal voltage conveyors (UVC) that were designed at the FEEC, BUT in cooperation with AMI Semiconductor Design Centre Brno with the CMOS 0.35 m technology. These active elements have been also used for the realization of chosen filter structures. The experimental measurements were performed in the in the frequency range 10 KHz to 100 MHz.
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Michalička, Filip. "Syntéza elektronicky rekonfigurovatelných kmitočtových filtrů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-413078.
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This diploma thesis deals with design of reconection-less electronically reconfigurable filter structures which have single input and single output using unconventional active elements, which have ability to adjust one of their parameter e.g. gain or transconductance. The first part describes basic parameters of frequency filters, the division of filters by frequency transfer response and used circuit elements, their operational modes, the principle of reconnection-less electronically reconfiguration and the circuit design method MUNV. Second part describes all active elements used in the proposal of filters, their properties and the implementation using existing transistor-level models. The third part contains the design of three reconnection-less electronically reconfigurable filters and the simulations results obtained from simulation programs OrCAD Capture and PSpice. The obtained results were compared with theoretical behaviour. This part also contains results of these analyses: sensitivity, parasitic, Monte Carlo and temperature to determine the behaviour in varied cases.
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Venclovský, Martin. "Transformační návrhová metoda filtrů vycházející z pasivních struktur." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218095.
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This diploma thesis deals with transformation of passive elements in filter structures onto substitutes with new active element CFTA. A basic characteristic, types of filters, their frequency characteristics and a form of transfer functions are listed in an introduction. After it is introduced a development of signal flow graphs, single type of graphs and their modifications. There is specified the method Mason-Coates graphs which proves as optimal for analysis circuits. There are listed rules for a correct evaluation and make-up the graphs. Further are described active elements CFTA, CDTA and a current conveyor. There are defined active substitutes to a floating and grounded inductance, a floating capacitor and also a floating and grounded resistor in this thesis. Here, there are also designed substitutes to parallel combinations of floating passive elements. All substitutes use CFTA as an active element and the grounded capacitor as a passive element of substitute. There are presented forms of M-C graphs, transfer functions and equations for calculation passive elements of substitute at created equivalents. Functionality of designed substitutes is always verified on second order passive filters by the help of a PC simulation. There are tabular listed defined equivalents with corresponding signal graphs, transfer functions and equations for calculation capacitor of substitute are here tabular listed too. In this work there are defined two ways of connecting defined substitutes within the scope of one circuit that can be used as a simple connection or integration bounded elements. In the case of usage of the integration bounded elements it is possible to reduce total number used active elements. The usage defined substitutions are verified by way of both methods on known higher order passive frequency filter structures. Third order low pass filter is here realized and scaled in frequency scope from 100 Hz to 100 MHz.
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Michal, Vratislav. "Design of CMOS analog integrated circuits as readout electronics for High-TC superconductor and semiconductor terahertz bolometric sensors." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00417838.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse porte sur la conception d'un circuit intégré CMOS pour l'électronique de lecture de capteurs bolométriques à base de semiconducteurs ou supraconducteurs haute-température. Dans ce manuscrit, une chaîne de traitement du signal est étudiée. Elle est composée d'un amplificateur différentiel à gain fixé pour des températures de 40 à 400K, ainsi que d'un filtre de fréquence passe-bas actif à haute dynamique. Une architecture optimale d'amplificateur est définie sans contre-réaction, permettant d'atteindre une large bande passante (17MHz pour un gain de 40dB), une consommation réduite (Iq = 2mA) et une haute impédance d'entrée. Afin de fixer le gain avec précision dans la structure CMOS, deux méthodes différentes sont présentées et vérifiées sur un circuit intégré. Par la suite, le comportement des filtres dans la bande d'atténuation est étudié afin d'augmenter la fréquence de coupure maximale. Deux structures avec une faible influence des éléments actifs « réels » sont conçues: le filtre Sallen-Key amélioré et la structure basée sur un convoyeur du courant CCII-. Enfin, nous présentons un CCII- intégré en CMOS ayant une très faible impédance de sortie.
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Horák, Ondřej. "Fázovací obvody s moderními funkčními bloky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218030.
Full textAbstract:
The present thesis is focused on all pass filters. The principle of all pass filters, their properties, the design of nth degree of these circuits will be analysed in succession and then some of functional blocks, by which these structures can be made, will be described. After that, the allpass filters will be designed and simulated in program OrCAD PSpice. First of all, the analysis will be performed with ideal components, then with real components. After that, the sensitivity and tolerance analysis will be made and the influence of parasite effects on circuit parameters will be examined. Once the experiments are finished, the design of Printed Circuit Board's (PCB) will be realized. Circuit showing the best parameters will be chosen for the design.
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Novotný, Jakub. "Behaviorální modely aktivních prvků s nezávislým víceparametrovým elektronickým řízením." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241053.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is focused on behavioral modelling of active elements with independent multi-parameter electronic control using comercially available components. In a first part of the thesis, CVDIBA, CVDOBA, CVCC and OC elements are discussed. The functionality is verified by simulations using OrCAD PSpice. Used components are diamond transistor OPA860, variable gain amplifier LMH6505, differencing amplifier AD830, low distortion differential driver AD8138, current conveyor EL2082 and current mode four quadrant multiplier EL4083. Four active elements are further built on PCB and measured. Some applications like low pass filter, high pass filter, all pass filter and reconfigurable filter.
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Granda, Cotlear Cesar Benigno. "Sugarcane juice extraction and preservation, and long-term lime pretreatment of bagasse." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1345.
Full textAbstract:
New technologies, such as an efficient vapor-compression evaporator, a stationary lime kiln (SLK), and the MixAlco process, compelled us to re-evaluate methods for producing sugar from cane. These technologies allow more water and lime to be used, and they add more value to bagasse.
Extracting and preserving the sugars, and lime pretreating the bagasse to enhance biodigestibility, all at the same time in a pile, was demonstrated to be unfeasible; therefore, sugar extraction must occur before lime treating the bagasse.
Sugar extraction should occur countercurrently by lixiviation, where liquid moves in stages opposite to the soaked bagasse (megasse), which is conveyed by screw-press conveyors that gently squeeze the fiber in each stage, improving extraction. The performance of a pilot-scale screw-press conveyor was tested for dewatering capabilities and power consumption. The unoptimized equipment decreased megasse moisture from 96 to 89%. Simulation of the process suggested that eight stages are necessary to achieve 98% recovery from typical sugarcane. The cumulative power for the screw-press conveyor system was 17.0±2.1 hph/ton dry fiber.
Thin raw juice preserved with lime for several months showed no sucrose degradation and no quality deterioration, except for reducing sugar destruction. The lime loading needed for 1-year preservation is 0.20 g Ca(OH)2/g sucrose. Shorter times require less lime.
After preservation, the juice was carbonated and filtered, and the resulting sludge pelletized. Due to their high organic content, the pellets were too weak for calcination temperatures used in the SLK. The organics must be decreased prior to pelletization and sodium must be supplemented as a binding agent.
Long-term lime pretreatment of bagasse showed two delignification phases: bulk (rapid) and residual (slow). These were modeled by two simultaneous first-order reactions. Treatments with air purging and higher temperatures (50 57oC) delignified more effectively, especially during the residual phase, thus yielding higher cellulase-enzyme digestibilities after 2 8 weeks of treatment. At temperatures > 60oC, pure oxygen purging is preferred.
Fresh bagasse was of better quality than old bagasse. Treatment with NaOH yielded a larger bulk delignification phase than Ca(OH)2.
Long-term lime pulping of bagasse was unsuitable for copy-quality paper, but it was appropriate for strawboard and other filler applications.
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An, Te-Hao, and 安德浩. "Multifunction biquadratic filters using current conveyors." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi/login?o=dnclcdr&s=id=%22105CYCU5442044%22.&searchmode=basic.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中原大學
電機工程研究所
105
Singh and Senani proposed a universal active filter configuration which requires component matching conditions, and then realizes allpass,notch, highpass, bandpass, and lowpass signals from the same configuration employing three current conveyors, three grounded capacitors and five resistors. Soliman proposed a Kerwin–Huelsman–Newcomb filter using five current conveyors, two grounded capacitors, and six/seven resistors In this work, four current conveyors, two grounded capacitors, and five resistors were utilized to design Multifunction biquadratic filters. Each proposed circuit offers the following advantageous features: realization of different biquadratic filter signals from the same configuration, no requirements for component matching conditions, employment of only two grounded capacitors which are ideal for integration, orthogonal control of ω_o and Q, and low sensitivities. In this dissertation, the circuit is simulated and verified by H-SPICE process, and use parameters from TSMC 3.3-V 0.35-μm CMOS process to simulate the circuit characteristics.
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Chian, Chih Chan, and 簡志展. "Design of universal current-mode filters using current conveyors." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63842941243932953196.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中原大學
電機工程研究所
81
The current-mode circuits have the advantages of higher signal bandwidths,greater linearity,larger dynamic range and lower power dissipation.So the current-mode circuits have been received considerable attentation.In this paper,we propose four universal current-mode filters with 1) three inputs and one output, 2) single input and single output, 3) one input and three outputs and 4) a single current conveyor.The 1) , 2) and 3) offer a number of advantages, which are 1.wide bandwidth, 2.ω。and Ｑ have low passive sensitivities, 3.obtain HP,LP,BP, Notch and AP transfer function from the presented circuits, 4.ω 。and Ｑ are independently ( or orthogonally ) adjustable, 5.high output impedance, 6.the use of grounded passive elements, 7.suitable for Nth-order filters. The 4) gives the advantages of above 1. , 2. and 3. in additation to ω。and ω 。/ Ｑ to be orthogonally adjustable. The PSPICE simulation results are very close to the theoretic values. Moreover,we present a method for transfering the circuits from current mode to transimpedance mode, transadmittance mode and voltage mode.
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Chen, Ming-Fang, and 陳銘芳. "Design of multifunction voltage-mode biquadratic filters employing current conveyors." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10690128968013975896.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中原大學
電機工程研究所
90
Abstract In this paper, we successfully propose three novel voltage-mode filters by employing the differential voltage current conveyor(DVCC), the differential difference current conveyors(DDCCs) or the second-generation current conveyors(CCIIs). First, we proposed a voltage-mode multifunction second-order filter with single input and three outputs employing one DDCC, one CCII, two capacitors and two resistors. The proposed filter has following advantages: no requirement of critical component matching conditions, two grounded capacitors ideal for integration, and very low active and passive sensitivities. Secondly, we proposed a universal voltage-mode second-order filter with two inputs and five outputs employing one DVCC, two compound CCIIs, two capacitors and five resistors. The proposed filter has following advantages: two grounded capacitors ideal for integration, very low active and passive sensitivities, no requirement of critical component matching conditions except realizing the all-pass signal, and orthogonal control of resonance angular frequency wo and quality factor Q. Finally, we proposed a voltage-mode high-pass second-order filter with two input and one output employing one DDCC, two capacitors and two resistors. The proposed filter has following advantages: no requirement of critical component matching conditions, two grounded capacitors ideal for integration, and very low active and passive sensitivities.
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Chiu, Wei-Yuan, and 邱偉元. "Design of Universal Biquad Filters employing Differential Difference Current Conveyors." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12558006930967666382.
Full textAbstract:
博士中原大學
電子工程研究所
99
To obtain various filter functions simultaneously in the same circuit topology will increase the usefulness and reduce the cost of the circuit. Traditionally, the KHN biquad can obtain the high-pass, band-pass and low-pass signals in the same circuit topology. So KHN biquads have received much attention and the scholars have researched on this topic for a long time. However, the KHN biquad can only obtain the high-pass, band-pass and low-pass signals. In order to gain more filter signals, the concept of universal biquad is presented. The universal biquad is a biquadratic filter which can obtain the high-pass, band-pass, low-pass, notch and all-pass signals simultaneously, in the same circuit topology. From the viewpoint of the practicability, the universal biquad is better than the KHN biquad. For this reason, many universal biquad circuits are proposed in the recent years. However, these circuits are not the most simplified and require critical component matching conditions to realize the all-pass signals. Recently, the Differential Difference Current Conveyor (DDCC) as active elements received great attention due to higher signal bandwidth, wider dynamic range, greater linearity, lower power consumption, and simpler circuitry over the voltage-mode op-amps. For above reasons, this thesis focuses on the design of the voltage-mode universal biquad filters; twenty-eight new circuits are presented in chapter 4. The proposed universal circuits have the following features: high input impedance, using grounded capacitors, using the minimum passive components and realization of all the standard filter functions, that is, high-pass, band-pass, low-pass, notch, and all-pass filters simultaneously without component matching conditions. To verify the theoretical analysis, these proposed circuits were simulated using HSPICE with TSMC (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd.) 0.18μm, level 49 CMOS technology process parameters. All simulation results are coherent with the theoretical analyses.
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Cheng, Hsi-chih, and 程希智. "The Design of New Universal Biquadratic Filters Using Current Conveyors." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77902434105414325961.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
電機工程學系
85
This dissertation has focused on the design of universalbiquadratic filters using current conveyors as active components, and has attempted to minimize the numbers of active and passive components used. There are four major parts. The first part（chapter 2、chapter 3）is to introduce the current conveyorsand universal biquadratic filters. In the second part（ chapter 4）, two new current-mode universal biquadratic filters with 3 inputs and 1 output is proposed. In the third part（ chapter 5）, two newcurrent-mode universal biquadratic filters with 1 input and 3 outputs is proposed. In the fourth part（ chapter 6）, a new voltage-mode universal biquadratic filter with 3 inputs and 1 output is proposed. In each part, second- generation current conveyorsare used as active components in the proposed circuits, and all circuits proposed achieve the goal of using fewer components . Also experiments have been conducted to verify the theoretical work.
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Chen, Ching-Chi, and 陳鏡吉. "Design of universal current-mode biquadratic filters employing current conveyors." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13652654007482593470.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中原大學
電機工程研究所
89
Abstract Firstly, one universal current-mode biquad with three inputs and one output using only two second-generation current conveyors (CCIIs), two grounded capacitors and two grounded resistors is presented. The proposed circuit has the following advantageous features: simultaneous realization of lowpass, bandpass, highpass, notch and allpass biquad signals from the same configuration, no requirement of critical component matching conditions, employment of two grounded capacitor ideal for integration, orthogonal control of ω /Q and ω , low sensitivity performance and cascadability. Secondly, we proposed a universal current-mode biquad with three/single inputs and single/three outputs using three CCIIs. The proposed circuit doesn’t need any inverting-type input current signals and has the same advantageous features of the first one. Thirdly, a new universal current-mode biquad with two/three inputs and three/one outputs using three second-generation current controlled conveyors CCCIIS has been presented. The proposed circuit doesn’t empoly any passive resistors and has the same advantageous features of the second one. Note, Q and ω are orthogonal control. Lastly, we employ the one differential voltage current conveyor (DVCC), two grounded capacitors and two resistors to design a very simple universal current-mode biquad with three inputs and one output.
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Ruoh-Fei, Chaw, and 趙若飛. "Design of active filters employing the second generation current conveyors, differential voltage current conveyors and voltage or current followers." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70905788768139095820.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中原大學
電機工程研究所
86
It has been verified that the circuits constructed by active current-mode elements have the advantage of higher signal bandwidths, larger dynamic range, greater linearity, less power dissipation and simpler circuit structure. So, the circuits which are designed by employing the current conveyor and the current feedback amplifier have been received considerable attention recently. In addition, the differential voltage curre-nt conveyor was presented by H. O. Elwan and A. M. Soliman in 1997. This active element is a powerful building block, especially for applica-tion demanding differential or floating inputs like impedance converters and current-mode instrumentation amplifiers.We proposed two filters using the second-generation current conve-yor, which are one multifunction voltage-mode filter with one input and three outputs and one universal current-mode filter with three inputs and one output, respectively.Comparing with the published paper, the proposed circuits offer the following advantageous features: use fewer active and passive components, suit for integration and enjoy low active and passive sensitivities.Moreover, we design a serial voltage-mode or current-mode filters employing the differential voltage current conveyor. We also discuss their characteristics and feasibilities.The last, we proposed a current-mode filter with one input and three outputs using the voltage follower and current follower which are with low tracking errors.The results of experiments and simulations using the IC-AD844 or the Design Center 6.1 are obtained to confirm the theoretical predictions.
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Yang, Ruei-Hsuan, and 楊睿軒. "Design of voltage-mode all-pass biquadratic filters employing current conveyors." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14333023876476590305.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中原大學
電機工程研究所
96
In the age of IC, circuits will be requested for higher frequency and smaller process. However, while the circuits get integrated, there will be narrower space between wires, and this will result in more parasitic effects and errors of output signals. In order to reduce the parasitic effects, the circuit with fewest numbers of nodes is a must, that is, we should minimize active elements and passive elements to make output signal more precise. And due to the design with minimum numbers of active and passive elements, we will be benefited less power consumption accordingly. Also during the process of producing, the chip area can be smaller, the noise of chips can be lessened, and the cost can be cut down. Hence, such circuit is worth target researching thoroughly. The circuit we talk about on this paper uses two special active elements, namely, differential difference current conveyors(DDCCs) and fully differential current conveyors (FDCCIIs) to design the voltage- mode biquad all-pass filter. It has been verified that the circuits constructed by active current-mode elements have the advantages of higher signal bandwidths, larger dynamic range, greater linearity, less power dissipation and simpler circuit structure. In addition, we use the minimum number of passive components(two grounded capacitors and two grounded resistors) and consider the non-idea effect. Therefore, we analyze the sensitivity of the passive elements and research in depth. Afterward we compare with voltage-mode all-pass filters used current conveyors . The simulation of this paper uses H-spice with TSMC035 process to obtain the results. By using MATLAB to testify the theoretical predictions, we can observe the difference between theoretical parts and simulation parts.
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Wu, Dong Xu, and 吳東旭. "The design and analysis of oscillators and filters using current conveyors." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16775169236780618430.
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Chu, Jie-Mei, and 朱潔梅. "First-order Allpass Filters and Sinusoidal Oscillators Based on Current Conveyors." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5tprdn.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中原大學
電子工程研究所
91
Five sinusoidal oscillators and three quadrature oscillators based on second-generation current conveyors (CCIIs) are discussed in this thesis. Among the five sinusoidal oscillators discussed in this thesis, each of the first four sinusoidal oscillators is composed of one CCII+, one CCII-, two capacitors and two resistors. Two of the first four sinusoidal oscillators have the advantage of using grounded capacitors. The fifth sinusoidal oscillator is composed of three CCII+s, two capacitors and three resistors. This configuration contains high output-impedance current source that makes easy to drive loads without using any buffering device. By replacing the CCII+s and the resistors of the fifth oscillator circuit with CCCII+s, a new sinusoidal oscillator composed by three CCCII+s and two capacitors can be obtained. The oscillation condition and oscillation frequency of this new circuit can be independently controlled through input currents. The three quadrature oscillator circuits proposed in this thesis are composed by the non-inverting integrators and the first-order allpass filters with high input-impedance respectively. It is ideal for integration because these three circuits use only grounded passive elements. The oscillation conditions and oscillation frequencies of the oscillators proposed in this thesis are controllable through grounded passive elements.
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CHEN, JUN-QUAN, and 陳俊全. "The design of second-order current-mode filters using current conveyors." Thesis, 1992. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35272481025663048793.
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Cai, Qi Zhe, and 蔡奇哲. "The design and analysis of filters and oscillators using current conveyors and OTAS." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89841889024339295045.
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Lin, Chiou-Hung, and 林秋宏. "Design of universal current-mode biquadratic filters with three inputs and one output employing current conveyors." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12305013098569039777.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中原大學
電機工程研究所
90
Abstract In this paper, Three new universal current-mode filters with three inputs and one outputs are presented by using third-generation current conveyors, second generation current-controlled conveyors, differential voltage current conveyors or fully differential current conveyors. The proposed circuits can simultaneously realize low-pass, band-pass, high-pass, notch and all-pass signals from the same configuration, and use the grounded capacitor ideal for integration. Firstly, we proposed a universal current-mode biquad with three inputs and single output using only one differential voltage current conveyor (DVCC), two grounded capacitors and two resistors . The proposed universal current-mode biquad can realize the band-pass filtering signal and high-pass filtering signal without any component matching conditions. Secondly, we proposed a universal current-mode biquad with three inputs and single output using only one fully differential current conveyor, two grounded capacitors and three resistors. The proposed universal current-mode biquad can realize the low-pass filtering signal and band-pass filtering signal without any component matching conditions. Moreover, it enjoys the orthogonal control of ω and Q. Finally, we proposed a universal current-mode biquad with three inputs and single output using two second generation current-controlled conveyors, one third-generation current conveyor and two grounded capacitors. Note that we don’t need any inverting-type or double input current signals, and any component matching conditions for realizing the five generic filter functions. The feasibility and accuracy of the proposed circuits are verified well by using Pspice simulation.
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Lee, Chen-Nong, and 李振農. "Design of Mixed-Mode Current Conveyor-Based Filters." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/39593588622938583029.
Full textAbstract:
博士中原大學
電機工程研究所
95
The trans-conductance and the trans-resistance modes might act as the bridge transferring from voltage-mode to current-mode and vice versa, respectively. From historical progress point of view, we might intend to replace the traditional voltage-mode circuits with the more precise current-mode circuits. There might be a transferring period from voltage-mode to current-mode world. Then, the transconductance or transresistance mode will be involved in that between voltage and current modes. Therefore, the mixed-mode (including voltage, current, transconductance, and transresistance modes) circuits are worthy of researches and presented for the use of any filtering requirement. In this paper, we successfully present five mixed-mode universal filters employing current conveyors such as differential difference current conveyor (DDCC), fully differential second-generation current conveyor (FDCCII), or plus-type second-generation current conveyor (CCII+). All these proposed mixed-mode filters use fewer components than recently reported mixed-mode filters. Filters using fewer components have the advantages of the simpler structure, lower cost, chip area, power dissipation, and noise. In the part of second-order DDCCs/CCII+ based universal mixed-mode filters: First, we present a new universal mixed-mode biquad with nine inputs (i.e. six voltage inputs and three current inputs) and two outputs (i.e. one voltage output and one current output) by using three DDCCs, four grounded resistors, and two grounded capacitors. The proposed biquad can realize voltage, current, trans-conductance, and trans-resistance modes universal filtering responses (low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, notch, and all-pass ) from the same topology. Moreover, the new mixed-mode biquad enjoys many important advantages: using only grounded passive components, cascadably connecting the former voltage-mode stage and the latter current-mode stage, no need of extra inverting and non-inverting amplifiers for special input signals, and low active and passive sensitivities. Secondly, we present a new universal mixed-mode biquad with one input (a single voltage or current input) and eight outputs (five voltage outputs and three current outputs simultaneously) by using two DDCCs, one CCII+, four resistors, and two grounded capacitors. The proposed biquad can realize voltage, current, trans-conductance, and trans-resistance modes universal filtering responses from the same topology. Moreover, the new mixed-mode biquad offers the following advantages features: employment of two grounded capacitors, orthogonal control of and Q, and high output impedance of all current outputs. Thirdly, we present a new universal mixed-mode biquad with single/multiple inputs and single/multiple outputs using two DDCCs, two grounded capacitors, and four resistors. The proposed biquad can realize voltage, current, trans-conductance, and trans-resistance modes universal filtering responses from the same topology. The proposed biquad can realize all five standard filtering functions from a single node and also provide different filtering functions from different nodes without changing the filter topology. Moreover, the new mixed-mode biquad offers the following advantages features: the employment of two grounded capacitors, high output impedance of all current outputs, and low active and passive sensitivity performance. In the part of single FDCCII-based second-order mixed-mode universal filters: In this part, we present a new universal mixed-mode biquad filter. The proposed filter structure only uses a single FDCCII, three resistors and two grounded capacitors, which are the least components necessary for realizing voltage, current, transresistance, and transconductance modes universal filtering responses. Moreover, the new mixed-mode biquad filter still enjoys (i) the employment of two grounded capacitors, (ii) orthogonal control of and Q, and (iii) high output impedance of all current outputs. In the part of high-order mixed-mode universal filters: In this part, we present a new high-order universal mixed-mode filter structure. The proposed filter structure uses n+1 DDCCs, n grounded capacitors and n+2 grounded resistor, which can realize nth-order voltage, current, trans-conductance, and trans-resistance modes universal filtering responses from the same topology. Moreover, the proposed circuit simultaneously achieves nearly all of the main advantages. Finally, we use H-spice simulation with TSMC 0.25 m process and Matlab to prove the feasibility and the accuracy of the circuit. The results show that the simulation values agree well with theoretical predictions.
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Chen, Wei-Chun, and 陳葦峻. "Design of Universal Biquadratic Filters Using a Single Current Conveyor." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27958537798772836607.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中原大學
電機工程研究所
89
Abstract In this paper, we successfully present six new universal current/voltage-mode biquads with three inputs and a single output (but only one structure is four inputs and one output.) employing a single current-mode active device such as second-generation current conveyor (CCII), current follower (CF), third-generation current conveyor (CCIII) and differential voltage current conveyor (DVCC). All universal current/voltage-mode biquads can realize five different generic filtering signals from the same configuration. First, some universal single-CCII-based current/voltage-mode filters are presented. The proposed universal current-mode biquad can realize the low-pass and band-pass filtering signals from the same configuration without any component matching conditions. Two grounded resistors are used in the design with cascadability. On the other hand, the proposed universal voltage-mode biquad can realize the band-pass filtering signal without any component matching conditions. One grounded resistor good for adjustment is used in the design. Secondly, we propose the universal single-CF-based voltage-mode filter which can realize the band-pass filtering signal without any component matching conditions. Then, we propose the universal current/voltage-mode biquads using a single CCIII. The proposed current-mode one can realize the band-pass and high-pass filtering signals without any component matching conditions. Two grounded capacitors ideal for integration are used in the design with cascadability. The proposed voltage-mode can realize the band-pass filtering signal without any component matching conditions. And then, we employ a single DVCC with two capacitors and two resistors to construct a new universal voltage-mode biquad. The network can realize band-pass filtering signal without any component matching conditions. Two grounded capacitors and one grounded resistor ideal for integration are used in the design. Based on the device intrinsic characteristics, the circuit is the simplest structure with the minimum components and can work in high frequency range. Finally, the results of simulations using the Pspise 8.0 version and Matlab 4.0 version on personal computer AMD-450 CPU are obtained to confirm the theoretical predictions.
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Chou, Wen-Chieh, and 周文介. "Synthesis of a Biquadratic Filter Using Current Conveyor." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26983820169328502515.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中原大學
電子工程研究所
92
This thesis uses two kinds of current-mode elements, the differential difference current conveyors (DDCC’s) and the multi-output second-generation current conveyors (MOCCII’s), to synthesize a modified direct-form biquadratic filter. The resistors in connection with the MOCCII’s are exploited to control the feedback and feedforward ratios. The proposed circuit has high input impedance and thus is cascadeable. It employs two grounded capacitors and is suitable for integrated circuits. Hspice simulations applying UMC 0.5um technology process parameters which coincides these analyses in this paper are also given. A method to obtain multi-phase oscillation response from a biquadratic filter structure is also proposed. Simply by connecting the bandpass output of the biquadratic filter to the input of it, the multi-phase oscillation response can be derived. And for the original lowpass and highpass outputs, oscillation waveforms which leads and legs 90° the waveform at the bandpass output are exhibited, respectively. If an integrator is connected to the highpass output, a biquadratic oscillation response can be derived. Under proper Q value and oscillation frequency adjustments, this method can be applied to various biquad structures. An experiment applying a biquadratic filter synthesized with the Current Feedback Amplifiers (CFA’s) is presented to verify this method.
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Wu, Yi-Ming, and 吳意旻. "CMOS Current Controlled Conveyor andTunable IF Filter Application." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27407723677372002078.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中山大學
電機工程學系研究所
88
A second-generation CMOS current controlled conveyor (CCCII) and a tunable IF bandpass filter based on the CCCII are developed. The high frequency property and the control ability of the current conveyor makes the bandpass filter tunable in the range between 55MHz~410MHz, which is suitable for the IF filter application that is around 200MHz~300MHz. The Q-factor is also tunable and has a maximum value up to 800.
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huang, tzu-hao, and 黃子豪. "Design of Universal Biquadratic Filters with a Single Second-Generation Current Controlled Conveyor." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91643325540301900726.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中原大學
電機工程研究所
96
In the past circuit to reach output signal accuracy, usually increase many element reduce the disadvantage in circuit original. This result cause the circuit become complex. The major problem of non-accuracy output signal is parasitic effect, it means that integrated circuit (IC) have parasitic capacitance and leak current in wire to wire. This thesis research is how to reduce parasitic effect to lowest. There are active element, capacitance and inductance in present integrated circuit, although inductance in integrated has be researched, but its speed can not approach reduction in IC process. Today is how to reduce the parasitic effect of resistance, capacitance and active element. If active element have two input, but the design circuit only need one input, it have no need for two input element. Chose small active element can reduce parasitic effect. If resistance floating, two terminal have parasitic effect, ground resistance have parasitic effect in one terminal, capacitance are the same. Chose ground capacitance and ground resistance with parasitic capacitance and parasitic resistance in the same terminal can reduce parasitic effect. It have parasitic effect in circuit terminal, so design in a few terminal can get low parasitic effect. According to above, using a few element to achieve output signal accurate is the goal in this thesis. In recent of years, using current conveyor design active filters have been attended and researched by international academician. In this is, design three input and one output universal active current-mode filter using second-generation current controlled conveyor (CCCII). This active element internal resistance, denoted by Rx, at the input terminal X can be varied by tuning its bias current. It can reduce area in integrated circuit implementation. In three input and one output, we propose a single second-generation current controlled conveyor (CCCII), two grounded capacitors, and one resistor design current-mode universal biquadratic filter in this paper. This circuit has achieved the five following important advantages: (i) no component matching conditions, (ii) using least capacitance and resistance in biquadratic circuit, (iii) grounded capacitors have lowest noise, (iv)can realize on low-pass, band-pass, high-pass, band-reject, and all-pass filters in the same structure, (v) very low active and passive element sensitivity, (vi) orthogonal control of and Q, (vii) lowest power consumption, (viii) lowest noise, (ix) lowest area in integrated circuit implementation, (x) have good cost down. Finally, the simulation results validate and the theory predictions of the proposed circuit are verified very well by using TSMC035 H-spice simulation with supply voltage ±1.65V.
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Li, Ming Hsu, and 李明旭. "Design of universal biquadratic filters using current conveyor( s) and voltage follower(s)." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87025553672523094416.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中原大學
電機工程研究所
83
The current mode active device is playing an increasingly im- portant role in the development of many new high performance circuits. In this paper, We present universal biquadratic fi- lters using current conveyors and voltage followers or current feedback amplifiers which have a very wide bandwidth independent of closed loop gain. The proposed universal active filters by using the nullator- norator approach are: 1. A universal voltage-mode second-order filter with three in- puts and one output employing three current conveyors and one voltage follower, 2. A universal voltage-mode second-order filter with three in- puts and one output employing three current feedback amplifiers, 3. A universal voltage-mode second- order filter with three in- puts and one output employing one current conveyor and one volt- age follower, 4. A universal voltage-mode second-order filter with one input and three outputs employing three current conveyors and three voltage followers, and 5. A universal voltage-mode second-order filter with one input and three outputs employing four current feedback amplifiers. They offer the following advantageous features:1. realisation of lowpass, bandpass, highpass, notch and allpass signals from the same configurations, 2. low active and passive sensitivities , 3. cascadability（except the third circuit）. Some of the above circuits have the attractive advantages: no requirements for component matching conditions, and orthogonal control of w and Q. Finally, we use the AD844 to verify the theoretical predic- tions of the proposed circuits.
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Huang, Kuan-Chieh, and 黃冠傑. "Voltage-mode multifunction filter single input and Three output using two compound current conveyors." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi/login?o=dnclcdr&s=id=%22105CYCU5442043%22.&searchmode=basic.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中原大學
電機工程研究所
105
Abstract Abstract－Ａvoltage-mode low-pass, band-pass, and high-pass filter with single inpit and three output, employing only two compound current conveyors, two grounded capactiors, and three resistors, is proposed. The proposed circuit offers the following advantageous features: realization of voltage-mode low-pass, band-pass, and high-pass filter responses from the same configuration: no requirement of critical component matching conditions; employment of ground capacitors ideal for integration; low sensitivity characteristics; and simpler configuration due to the use of only two compound current conveyors. Degree in accuracy, stability circuit, sensitivity, Monte Carlo, dynamic range and linearity, and other interactive modulation spectrum characteristics of the circuit using the TSMC 3.3-V 0.35-μm CMOS process parameters characteristic of the circuit simulation.
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Lo, Jen-Hung, and 羅仁宏. "Design of Universal Current-Mode Biquadratic Filters Using a Single Differential Voltage Current Conveyor." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25450937341499685974.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中原大學
電子工程研究所
96
Abstract The goals of circuit design are accurate output signals and the low cost. To reach the goals, we can find that using the least active components, resistors, capacitors and let the components as far as possible grounded will make the output be accurate. On the other hand, in order to cost down, the counts of components used in the circuit should be the least. Besides, the advantages of reduced components are the low power consumption, the less noise of circuits made, the less parasitic effect and the small chip area. According to the above goals, this paper expects to design filters with the minimum active and passive components. In this paper, a new current-mode universal biquadratic filter employing a single differential voltage current conveyor, two grounded capacitors, and two floating resistors is presented. The circuit can realize the function of universal filter (namely, low-pass, band-pass, high-pass, band-reject, and all-pass) with the minimum active and passive components. Compare with the expectation, we can find that this circuit conforms to the low power consumption, the less noise and the small chip area. Although the parasitic effect caused by the parasitic conductance is not the least, the accuracy of the output still maintains the high level because of the minimum components used in the circuit. Moreover, the cost of this circuit is down, the circuit conforms to the current of the circuit design. The simulation of this paper uses H-spice with TSMC035 process to obtain the results. From the simulation results, it can verify that the circuit enjoys the following advantages: (i) high filter performance (ii) wide frequency range (iii) low sensitivity. This paper also considers the non-ideal effect, and proposes that using tuning method to improve this circuit. After tuning, the frequency error of this circuit is very small, so this method can improve the accuracy of the circuit. Compared with the theoretical, the simulation results are close to the theoretical. The circuit would be beneficial to apply in the future.