Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Filtration glomérulaire'
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Massoud, Chadi. "Evaluation de la filtration glomérulaire par IRM." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20037.
Full textThis study seeks to assess the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in the human kidney by MRI. To quantitatively estimate this parameter requires monitoring of the intrarenal kinetics of Gd after its bolus injection. To achieve this goal, we have developed under IDEA Siemens a SR-FLASH T1-weighted MRI sequence which can follow dynamic NMR signal changes after a bolus injection of Gd. This sequence has a centric phase-encoding scheme, and thus the image contrast was determined at the beginning of the acquisition period. Subsequently, we have implemented an IR-FLASH (with centric phase-encoding scheme) sequence to measure the longitudinal relaxation time in the absence of any injection of Gd ; this parameter is required to convert NMR signal intensities into Gd concentrations. knowing that the relation between the NMR signal intensities and the Gd concentrations is not linear, we have proposed two novel methods and yet fast and robust for conversion of the NMR signal intensities into local Gd concentration. This allowed us to estimate the temporal evolution of Gd concentrations in both kidneys and aorta. The fit of these concentrations measurements by a two-compartments model describing the function of the kidney allowed us to calculate the GFR of each kidney in a population of five subjects with normal renal function
Tack, Ivan. "Contribution à l'étude des effets glomérulaires de la cyclosporine A : filtration glomérulaire, endothélines et voie du monoxyde d'azote." Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30239.
Full textSerfaty, Julie. "La cystatine C, un nouveau marqueur du débit de filtration glomérulaire." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05P091.
Full textMariat, Christophe. "Evaluation de la fonction du greffon en transplantation rénale par les formules d'estimation du débit de filtration glomerulaire." Saint-Etienne, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STET002T.
Full textSteinbruckner-Gaildraud, Ingrid. "Un nouveau marqueur d'évaluation de la filtration glomérulaire : la cystatine C sérique." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR2P040.
Full textSimonnet, Hélène. "Étude de la filtration et de la réabsorbtion [i. E. Réabsorption] tubulaire rénale de la β2 microglobuline humaine chez le rat." Lyon 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO1H097.
Full textCirio, Alberto. "L'épargne uréique rénale chez les moutons carencés en protéines." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO1T123.
Full textBruneau, Sarah. "Étude des mécanismes de la récidive du syndrome néphrotique idiopathique après transplantation rénale." Nantes, 2009. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=f341d1fa-866a-4c55-9aa2-9bd744515ecb.
Full textIdiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome (INS) is a glomerulopathy of unknown origin that evolves in 10 to 20% of cases toward end-stage renal failure, thus requiring long-term hemodialysis and/or kidney transplantation. However, 30 to 50% of transplant patients will develop an immediate recurrence of their initial disease, suggesting the involvement of one or several circulating factor(s) capable of injuring the glomerular filtration barrier. During this work, we tried to identify circulating permeability factors that could take part to the development of INS and its recurrence. We have shown that the sST2 protein, a potential permeability factor, is overexpressed in the serum of patients with INS recurrence after transplantation. However, this protein does not seem to be involved in the pathogenesis of recurrent INS. The potential presence of immunoglobulins which could target renal antigens has also been analyzed by the SEREX technique. This work led to the identification of three renal proteins potentially targeted by immunoglobulins in patients with INS recurrence, although these results have to be confirmed in more patients
Souchon-Bouzanquet, Laurence. "Evaluation de la filtration glomérulaire chez les patients atteints d'obésité massive : étude de la clearance de l'inuline chez 57 sujets." Montpellier 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON11149.
Full textSalmon, Gandonniere Charlotte. "Iohexol et fonction rénale en réanimation : contribution diagnostique et toxicité." Thesis, Tours, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUR3311/document.
Full textThere is no gold standard for glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimation in intensive care unit. We measured iohexol clearance in 20 patients experiencing acute circulatory failure (5 mL iohexol bolus, urine and blood-sample collections over 24h). Urinary and plasma clearances were equivalent; rapid fluid infusion did not influence plasma clearance. We studied iohexol clearance repartition in 85 patients experiencing acute circulatory failure. Forty-one (48%) had a GFR < 30 mL.min-1, 29 (34%) between 30 and 60mL.min-1, 10 (12%) between 60 and 90mL.min-1, 4 (5%) between 90 and 130 mL.min-1 and 1 (1%) > 130 mL.min-1. We measured lesion biomarkers [TIMP-2].[IGFBP-7], before, 6h and 24h after an injected computed tomography scan; there was no significant raise in the biomarkers. This result supports the hypothesis that contrast media are armless in intensive care units. To conclude, iohexol can be considered as a gold standard for GFR estimation in acute-circulatory-failure patients regarding feasibility, reliability and safety
Conil, Jean-Marie. "Influence de la filtration glomérulaire sur la pharmacocinétique des antibiotiques chez les patients présentant une agression tissulaire aiguë : l'exemple de la brûlure." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU30016.
Full textIn burn patients, vital prognosis is engaged by frequent infections. Their treatment is local and general by antibiotics administration. Antibiotics dosage regimen may be adapted to obtain a target concentration. This aim is difficult to achieve since burn injuries induce constant and major pharmacokinetic modifications in this population. The observed variability is due to covariables studied in our 5 studies. Two approaches have been used: the first one corresponds to conventional pharmacokinetic studies of ceftazidime, cefepime and amikacin – The second is a population approach of ceftazidime disposition. Creatinine clearance is the main factor involved in the variation of Cmin and antibiotics clearances. Glomerular filtration rate must be precisely measured by the creatinine clearance determination
Tagne, Fotso Romuald. "Imprégnation aux métaux et métalloïdes en population générale du Nord–Pas-de-Calais : niveaux, déterminants et liens avec le débit de filtration glomérulaire." Thesis, Lille 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL2S031/document.
Full textHuman Biomonitoring allows us to evaluate our exposure to chemicals by measuring substances themselves or their metabolites or markers of health effects, from body fluids or tissues. The information collected through epidemiological surveys provide information on human exposure and are valuable databases in the research of exposure-response relationships in humans. This thesis is part of the cross-sectional IMePoGe survey conducted between 2008-2010 in the Nord–Pas-de-Calais region (in northern France), including 2,000 adult residents aged 20 to 59 years old, and aimed to quantify the impregnation levels of the population to 14 metals and metalloids (aluminum, antimony, total arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, mercury, manganese, nickel, lead, thallium, vanadium, zinc) chosen for their toxic effects and the frequency of occupational and environmental exposure. The specific objectives of this thesis were, which a special interest for lead and cadmium, two nephrotoxic metals known in the literature: i) to establish the distribution of impregnation metals into the northern population of France and compare the exposure regional level to metals and metalloids with the national and international data; ii) to identify the major factors of variation of the impregnation and the sources of exposure to lead and cadmium in the general population; iii) to study the relationship between the change in glomerular filtration rate and the impregnation levels to metals. Overall, blood and urinary concentrations of most metals and metalloids were higher than those found in the national nutritional health survey conducted during the same period in the French population, with the exception of urinary vanadium and blood lead. The regional mean of blood lead level (geometric mean) was 18.8 μg/L. Several sources of lead exposure existed in the population and were link to the occupational, environmental and consumption parameters. Regarding cadmium, smoking was the main source of recent or chronic exposure to metal: the geometric mean of blood cadmium, reflecting a recent exposure, was 0.39 μg/L and increased from 0.26 μg/L in non-smokers to 0.84 μg/L in smokers; the geometric mean of urinary cadmium, reflecting the chronic exposure, was 0.37 μg/L (0.33 μg/g creatinine) and increased from 0.33 μg/L (0.29 μg/g creatinine) in non-smokers to 0.46 μg/L (0.37 μg/g creatinine) in smokers. Finally, as part of the study of the relationship between the metal levels and the glomerular filtration rate, our study showed that taking into account the multiple exposure to the other potentially nephrotoxic metals and metalloids upset considerably the previous associations specifically reported with lead and cadmium, in the context of low levels exposure in the general population
Francoz, Claire. "Evaluation de la fonction rénale au cours de la cirrhose." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA077078.
Full textLiver transplantation (LT) is the best option in selected patients with advanced cirrhosis. These patients usually have renal dysfunction that is underestimated in most cases. There are many causes of renal diseases in patients with cirrhosis, including both functional (theoretically reversible after LT) and organic (irreversible) lesions but diagnostic as well as prognostic markers are still lacking. Kidney biopsy remains difficult to perform in this population. After LT, chronic renal disease is frequent and pre-LT renal dysfunction is one of the most important factors. Theoretically, both end-stage liver and kidney diseases justify combined liver and kidney transplantation. However, markers identifying the reversibility of renal failure after LT alone are still lacking and the selection of candidates for combined transplantation remains difficult in clinical practice. The evaluation of glomerular filtration rate using MDRD-6 formula represents the most robust tool, however it overestimates the true renal function in patients with severe renal failure, possibly leading to kidney transplantation by excess. The identification of markers reflecting the reversibility of renal dysfunction after LT represents one attractive option to accurately select candidates for combined transplantation. Preliminary data suggest that the identification of microRNA profiles (both in urine and in plasma) could be interesting in the future. Imaging, especially contrast-enhanced ultrasound and MRI, is also promising
Mohammedi, Kamel. "Déterminants génétiques de la néphropathie diabétique : rôle du stress oxydant." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077047.
Full text: Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogeny of diabetic nephropathy. The antioxidant enzymes play a major role in the detoxification of reactive oxygen species and have a protective effect against diabetic nephropathy. We investigated associations of allelic variations in SOD1, SOD2, CAT and GPXI genes with diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 1 diabetes. Methods: Thirty SNPs in the SOD1, SOD2, CAT and GPXI regions were analyzed in 1285 Caucasian type 1 diabetic patients from the SURGENE prospective study (n=340; 10-year follow-up), GENESIS France-Belgium (n=501) and GENEDIAB (n=444) cross-sectional studies. Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression analyses were used to estimate hazard ratios or odds ratios for the incidence and the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy. Ail analyses were adjusted or stratified by retinopathy stages. Results: In the SURGENE cohort, we observed associations of variants of SOD1 (rs 1041740 and rs!7880135), SOD2 (rs4880, rs2758329 and rs8031), CAT (rs7947841) and GPXI (rs3448) with the prevalence and the incidence of diabetic nephropathy and with the estimated glomerular filtration rate. These variants were also associated with nephropathy in the participants of the GENESIS and GENEDIAB cohorts. Conclusion: SOD1, SOD2, CAT and GPXI genes were associated with the development and the progression of diabetic nephropathy in type 1 diabetic subjects. These results are consistent with a major role for the antioxidant enzymes in the renoprotection against oxidative stress in subjects with type 1 diabetes. Further studies are needed to identify the functional variants that modulate these genetic effects on diabetic nephropathy
Fusellier, Marion Suzie. "Evaluation de la fonction glomérulaire chez le chien : influence de l'anesthésie, des inhibiteurs de l'enzyme de conversion de l'angiotensine, des antiinflammatoires non stéroïdiens et du pimobendane." Nantes, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NANT02VS.
Full textSeveral studies have already been performed on the effects of angiotensin – converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of the dog. However, these drugs were usually used alone and the effects on kidney function of the association NSAID-ACEI or NSAID-pimobendan have not been studied. The author presents three protocols studying the impact on healthy dogs of three anesthesic protocols, the association tepoxalin-benazepril or tepoxalin-enalapril, and the association meloxicam-pimodendan. The glomerular filtration rate has been estimated by the mean of plasma clearance of 99mTc-DTPA and renal uptake of 99mTc-DTPA measured by renal scintigraphy. The results obtained showed a significant decrease of GFR on dogs anaesthetised with medetomidine, without any influence of the other anaesthesic protocols (halothane or propofol). The NSAID associated with ACEI or pimobendan did not cause any significant variation of the GFR in healthy dogs
Denis, Marie-Claude. "Clairance d'iohexol mesurée par LC-MS chez des sujets recevant une combinaison de substance de contraste iohexol-iodixanol." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2007. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/3893.
Full textBarthez, Paul. "Validation de méthodes de mesure isotopique de l'hémodynamique et de la fonction rénale chez l'animal." Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO1T064.
Full textAbi, Khalil Charbel. "Etude de la réserve fonctionnelle rénale chez les descendants de mères diabétiques : effet de l'environnement hyperglycémique pendant la phase foetale sur la fonction rénale." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA077062.
Full textAnimal experimental studies reveal that hyperglycaemia during foetal development decreases the capillary formation and extension, probably by inducing an early apoptosis of angio-progenitor cells. In human models, preliminary results of an undergoing clinical study (3) show that children born of diabetic insulin dependent DIM mothers develop rather earlier and quicker an insulin resistance syndrome comparing to the ones born from DIM fathers; among the criteria of insulin résistance lies hypertension, which could be of renal origin. Therefore, we tested if this pathology was due to a decrease in renal circulation and angiogenesis during foetal development by studying the kidneys' function in these adults who during foetal development were grown in a hyperglycaemic milieu and to compare them with adults born from DIM fathers. In other terms studying the "rénal functional reserve" RPR which is the capability of the kidneys to increase their GFR and RPF when stimulated by certain substances such as AA that cause a vasodilatation of glomerular arteries ; the absence or reduction of this increase suggest that nephrons are already working on their maximal capacity and chronic hyperfiltration would lead to a progressive decline in kidneys' function In fact, our results showed that offspring of type I diabetic mothers have a reduced renal functional reserve comparing to healthy matched individuals
Huynh, Cong Evelyne. "Le rôle émergeant des microtubules dans la physiopathologie des podocytopathies héréditaires." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA05T028.
Full textThe genetic study of familial forms of nephrotic syndrome or proteinuria with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis has permitted the identification of 30 causal genes, mainly expressed in the podocyte, which is the principal actor of the glomerular filtration barrier (GFB). Among those genes, approximately ten encode actin cytoskeleton regulators and components, thus highlighting the dramatic role of the podocyte architecture and plasticity in the function of the GFB. During the last decade, all the accumulating results, has made a new category of disease called hereditary podocytopathies. The aim of my thesis project was to characterize the effect of mutations in three candidate genes (TTC21B, WDR73, WDR73), identified by whole exome sequencing in isolated or syndromic podocytopathies. In the first part of my project, we found a homozygous missense mutation (p.P209L) in TTC21B, which encodes a ciliary gene named Intraflagellar transport protein IFT139. This protein ensures the trafficking of components from the tip to the base of the primary cilium, which is an organelle present on most mammalian epithelial cells. These results were unexpected because until now, the existence of the primary cilium was unknown. Our work demonstrates the presence of the primary cilium in the human immature podocyte that disappears once podocytes have differentiated. We also showed that IFT139 localized at the basal body and then relocalized along the complex microtubule network of differenciated cells. We showed that the hypomorphic mutation p.P209L causes minor ciliary defects in undifferentiated cells that are not responsible for the glomerular phenotype. Indeed, the glomerular lesions are rather due to drastic damage in actin and, microtubular dysregulation, found in differentiated podocytes. The second part of my thesis aimed to characterize the effects of truncating mutations identified in the WDR73 gene, found in two families. WDR73 is the first gene identified in Galloway Mowat syndrome by whole exome sequencing combined with homozygous mapping. This rare disease is defined by the association of microcephaly with nephrotic syndrome. In this study, the phenotypes of patients with WDR73 mutations are homogenous concerning neurological features, and are heterogeneous with regards to the renal defects. Thus, WDR73 mutations are responsible for a subset of particular patients affected with Galloway-Mowat syndrome. The WDR73 gene encodes WDR73, a WD-40 containing protein of unknown function. Our studies demonstrated that this protein is expressed in both neurons and podocytes in human tissues. We demonstrated that in undifferentiated cells, WDR73 is weakly expressed in the cytosol, while strong expression and relocalization to the spindle pole, microtubule asters and in the cleavage furrow occur during mitosis. Patient fibroblasts and WDR73-depleted podocytes displayed defects in nuclear morphology, which was associated with a decrease in cell survival in patient fibroblasts. Furthermore, we showed that patient fibroblasts and differentiated WDR73-depleted podocytes harbored an atypical morphology associated with a disorganized microtubule network, suggesting microtubule polymerization defects. Our functional studies demonstrated that WDR73 is crucial in both cell survival and microtubule polymerization in neurons and podocytes. The final part of my PhD work focused on the characterization of a missense mutation in the TRIM3 gene R28W identified by whole exome sequencing in a non consanguineous family with autosomal dominant focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. TRIM3 encodes TRIM3, an E3 ubiquitin-ligase that plays a role in transferrin endosomal recycling, and in microtubule trafficking via KIF21B, one of its known partners. Interestingly, the polymorphism V801M in ACTN4 co-segrates with the disease. Furthermore, mutations in this gene were already incriminated in autosomal dominant cases of HSF. (...)
Boucquemont, Julie. "Modèles statistiques pour l'étude de la progression de la maladie rénale chronique." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0411/document.
Full textThe objective of this thesis was to illustrate the benefit of using advanced statistical methods to study associations between risk factors and chrouic kidney disease (CKD) progression. In a first time, we conducted a literature review of statistical methods used to investigate risk factors of CKD progression, identified important methodological issues, and discussed solutions. In our sec ond work, we focused on survival analyses and issues with interval-censoring, which occurs when the event of interest is the progression to a specifie CKD stage, and competing risk with death. A comparison between standard survival models and the illness-death mode! for interval-censored data allowed us to illustrate the impact of modeling on the estimates of both the effects of risk factors and the probabilities of events, using data from the NephroTest cohort. Other works fo cused on analysis of longitudinal data on renal function. We illustrated the interest of linear mixed mode! in this context and presented its extension to account for sub-populations with different trajectories of renal function. We identified five classes, including one with a strong decline and one with an improvement of renal function over time. Severa! perspectives on predictions bind the two types of analyses presented in this thesis
Durant, Vesga Jennifer. "Role of Hox transcription factors and TALE cofactors in the control of pax8 expression in renal precursors of the Xenopus pronephros development." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2019SORUS069.pdf.
Full textWe provide several lines of evidence showing that hox are able to play an important role downstream of RA in the control of pax8 expression in Xenopus renal precursors. Using SCT transcriptomics data and expression profiling, we have identified 12 hox genes expressed in pronephric precursors, and have shown that five of them are RA targets. We observed that targeted depletion of the TALE homeodomain hox cofactor meis3 in the kidney field results in an inhibition of pax8 expression. We further show that pax8 expression is induced in response to hoxb4 combined with cofactors meis3 and pbx1 in animal caps, while challenging hox function during induction of pronephros by activin and RA treatment results in the inhibition of pax8 expression. Gain of function experiments in VMZ explants; reveal that in the mesodermal context hox are able to act both directly on pax8 expression and indirectly through the activation of RA signaling. Moreover, we provide evidence that the previously characterized pax8 enhancer sequence, Pax8-CNS1, can be transactivated in HEK293 cells by a combination of Xenopus hoxb4 meis3 and pbx1 and identify two Pbx-Hox binding sites in Pax8-CNS1 by mutagenesis. Finally, we observe that deletion of Pax8-CNS1 in a 36.5kb pax8 gene construct recapitulating pax8 expression in transgenic embryos is not sufficient to abolish reporter expression in the developing pronephros, suggesting that other inputs are also controlling pax8 expression in the pronephros. Double deletion of Pax8-CNS1 and of a second enhancer, Pax8-CNS2, results in a complete inhibition of reporter’s expression suggesting a cooperation during pax8 regulation in the developing pronephros
Kaboré, Jean. "Hypertension artérielle résistante et maladie rénale chronique : déterminants et risques associés." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS265/document.
Full textResistant hypertension and chronic kidney disease: Determinants and outcomesResistant hypertension defined as blood pressure above goal despite simultaneous use of 3 antihypertensive classes at optimal doses including a diuretic, is commonly associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Resistant hypertension prevalence and determinants, and the impact of CKD on its long term outcomes are poorly known, particularly in the elderly population.In the 3 Cities cohort, including 4262 community-dwelling elderly individuals, aged 65 years or older treated for hypertension, the prevalence of apparent treatment resistant hypertension (aTRH) – because of lack of information on optimal treatment dose – was 11.8% vs 5.2% in those with vs without CKD (defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2). We showed that new-onset aTRH was more strongly related to the speed of kidney function decline than kidney function level itself, independent of other risk factors: male sex, obesity, diabetes, and history of cardiovascular disease. Compared to the reference group (with controlled hypertension and no CKD), participants with aTRH and CKD had no significantly higher risk of all-cause mortality, but had a risk of fatal or non-fatal stroke and of recurrent stroke or coronary events more than twice as high, and of coronary death more than three times higher. However, the hypothesis that CKD may worsen the prognosis of aTRH was not confirmed (no significant interaction).In the CKDREIN cohort, which included more than 3000 nephrology outpatients with moderate or severe CKD (mean age, 70 years, 60% of men), our preliminary results showed a high prevalence of aTRH, 36,7% and several potentially modifiable risk factors : poor treatment adherence, lack of diuretic use, excess salt intake and obesity.Overall, this work shows the importance of CKD in the development of aTRH and associated cardiovascular outcomes, and suggests means for prevention beyond drug therapy
Tynkevich, Elena. "Muscle Wasting in Non-end Stage Chronic Kidney Disease : Determinants and Outcomes." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA11T086.
Full textMainly described in patients on dialysis, muscle wasting has received little attention in early stage chronic kidney disease (CKD). We used 24-hour creatininuria to assess determinants of low muscle mass and its putative associations with CKD outcomes, using data from the NephroTest cohort, including 1429 non-dialysis patients with CKD stages 1 to 5. Kidney function was assessed with both measured (mGFR, by 51Cr-EDTA renal clearance) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR, by CKD-EPI equation). End-stage renal disease (ESRD) and pre-ESRD death were the main studied outcomes. The mean baseline creatininuria decreased from 15.3±3.1 to 12.1±3.3 mmol/24 h in men and from 9.6±1.9 to 7.6±2.5 in women, when mGFR fell from ≥ 60 to < 15 mL/min/1.73 m2. Other determinants of low creatininuria were an older age, diabetes, a lower body mass index, a lower level of proteinuria or protein intake. A fast annual decline in mGFR of 5 mL/min/1.73 m2 was linked with a 2-fold decrease in creatininuria, independent of changes in protein intake and other determinants of muscle mass. Over a median follow-up of 3.6 years, 229 patients developed ESRD and 113 patients died before ESRD. After adjustment for confounders, patients with low muscle mass showed a significantly higher risk for pre-ESRD death (HR 1.6, 95% CI 0.88-2.9), but a lower risk for ESRD (HR 0.60, 95% CI 0.39-0.91). The latter was reversed (HR 1.5, 95% CI 1.01-2.4) when mGFR was replaced by eGFR. Decrease in 24-hour creatininuria may appear early in CKD patients, is related to pre-ESRD death. The lower risk for ESRD may reflect later dialysis start due to overestimation of true GFR by eGFR in patients with low muscle mass
Vieux, Rachel. "Déterminants de la fonction rénale d'enfants nés grands prématurés dans leur environnement néonatal et dans l'enfance." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN10095/document.
Full textBackground: Physiological development of renal may be altered in preterm infants by environmental factors. Their imprinting could persist beyond the neonatal period. Objectives: 1) to determine reference values of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) during the first month of life in preterm newborns, 2) to determine the impact of perinatal factors and of the drugs often prescribed on their renal function, 3) to determine the effect of the perinatal imprinting, and of the growth and height catch-up, on their renal function in early childhood. Sample: Multicentre cohort of children born very preterm at 27-31 weeks of gestation, with a measure of their renal function during the neonatal period, and at 4 years of age. Results: 1) 275 infants included. Median reference GFR value (mL/min/1.73m²) was: 7.9 on day7 to 37.9 on day 28. 2) GFR was significantly reduced on day 7 in ibuprofen-infused infants in comparison to Controls: 12.8±6.2 vs. 18.1±12.1 ml/min/1.73 m², p < 0.001. This decrease persisted throughout the first month of life, and tubular function was also altered. Among all antenatal drugs and drugs administered during the first week of life, alone ibuprofen was significantly associated with a GFR < median reference value on day 7. 3) Height >= -1 SD in early childhood was associated with a high albuminuria in 119 four year-old preterm-born children. Conclusion: i) These GFR reference values are to be used in clinical research, ii) Neonatal therapeutic environment impairs renal function and delays its maturation, iii) The height at age four is an independent risk factor of high albuminuria in preterm-born children
Chen, Hsiang-Hsin. "Imagerie IRTF tridimensionnelle pour l'étude de l'insuffisance rénale chronique." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0448/document.
Full textCKD (Chronic Kidney Disease) is one of the worst public diseases in developing countries. The stages of CKD are mainly based on measured or estimated GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate). However, this method is not sensitive enough on early stages of the pathology and thus do not offer accurate diagnostic value. Early detection and treatment can often limit or avoid the chronicity effects of the disease. This thesis focuses on the development of FTIR microscopy as a diagnostic tool for the identification by histopathology at glomerulus level of the kidney in CKD model. We developed a technique of 3D reconstruction for the FTIR imaging of biochemical components changes in glomeruli for identifying the pathological marker of CKD. The curve-fitting and spectral clustering are applied on the FTIR microscopy analysis to distinguish between healthy and pathological glomeruli of a kidney. Then, the glomerular microvasculatureis highlighted to reveal the morphological abnormalities by perfusing contrast agents into blood vessels. With advanced 3D statistical methods and 3D image visualization by microscopy, FTIR spectro-imaging can be used as a functional technique to determine the morphological and molecular changes occurring along CKD development
Giorgi, Nicolas. "Altération de l'expression rénale de la néphrine et de la podocine chez le rat diabétique." Thèse, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8212.
Full textLaprise, Claudie. "Cohorte de patients avec le VIH/SIDA : échecs virologiques et effets de thérapies antirétrovirales sur la fonction rénale et l'hyperbilirubinémie." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10493.
Full textHuman immonudeficiency virus (HIV) is a virus causing a chronic infection responsible for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), a state of vulnerability of the body where different opportunistic infections will ultimately be fatal. About 30 years after the discovery of the virus, even if no vaccine is available to control the pandemia, situation has changed for the best. With the arrival of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) in the late 90's, a reduction in HIV/AIDS mortality rate and growing number of persons living with the infection were observed. The overall objective of this thesis was to address three problematic situations, despite recognised HAART efficacy, especially low-level viremia (LLV) and its relationship with virologic failure, and the impacts of certain antiretrovirals (ARV) on kidney and hepatic functions. The specific objectives were: 1) to study the risk of virologic failure in long-term perspective in undetectable patients under HAART in comparison to patients with persistent LLV; 2) to evaluate the long-term loss of kidney function related to tenofovir (TDF) exposure 3) to evaluate long-term hyperbilirubinemia related to atazanavir (ATV) exposure and other possible determinants. In order to address the three specific objectives, a cohort of patients 2416 living with HIV/AIDS followed in Montreal since July 1977 was used. For the first objective, analyses and results shown an increased risk of virological failure defined as >1000 copies/mL of HIV RNA, for all categories of persistent LLV as soon as 6 months of persistent duration. Persistent LLV of 50-199 copies/mL for 6 months doubled the risk of virologic failure (Hazard ratio (HR)=2,22, Confidence interval (CI) 95%: 1,60-3,09). The results shed new light for the management of patients with LLV, especially for LLV of 50-199 copies/mL, for which no clinical recommendation is currently available due to a lack of data. For the second objective, an increased risk of loss of kidney function of 63% (HR=1.63; 95% CI:1.26–2.10) associated to TDF exposure in comparison to patients taking other ARV was observed. The cumulative eGFR loss directly attribuable to TDF also shown that this loss occured during the first years of exposure. This loss was mild in a long-term perspective. For the third objective, it has been shown that the cumulative incidence of hyperbilirubinemia in ATV users was very high and that regression was possible if ATV exposure was ended. Long-term hyperbilirubinemia related to ATV use was not associated with adverse health outcome. Overall, this thesis allowed a better understanding of these three problematics currently debated in scientific literature and shed new lights on management of HIV positive patients under therapy.