Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fin rays

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Fin rays'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Fin rays"

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Stewart, Thomas A., Justin B. Lemberg, Natalia K. Taft, Ihna Yoo, Edward B. Daeschler, and Neil H. Shubin. "Fin ray patterns at the fin-to-limb transition." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 3 (December 30, 2019): 1612–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1915983117.

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The fin-to-limb transition was marked by the origin of digits and the loss of dermal fin rays. Paleontological research into this transformation has focused on the evolution of the endoskeleton, with little attention paid to fin ray structure and function. To address this knowledge gap, we study the dermal rays of the pectoral fins of 3 key tetrapodomorph taxa—Sauripterus taylori (Rhizodontida), Eusthenopteron foordi (Tristichopteridae), and Tiktaalik roseae (Elpistostegalia)—using computed tomography. These data show several trends in the lineage leading to digited forms, including the consolidation of fin rays (e.g., reduced segmentation and branching), reduction of the fin web, and unexpectedly, the evolution of asymmetry between dorsal and ventral hemitrichia. In Eusthenopteron, dorsal rays cover the preaxial endoskeleton slightly more than ventral rays. In Tiktaalik, dorsal rays fully cover the third and fourth mesomeres, while ventral rays are restricted distal to these elements, suggesting the presence of ventralized musculature at the fin tip analogous to a fleshy “palm.” Asymmetry is also observed in cross-sectional areas of dorsal and ventral rays. Eusthenopteron dorsal rays are slightly larger than ventral rays; by contrast, Tiktaalik dorsal rays can be several times larger than ventral rays, and degree of asymmetry appears to be greater at larger sizes. Analysis of extant osteichthyans suggests that cross-sectional asymmetry in the dermal rays of paired fins is plesiomorphic to crown group osteichthyans. The evolution of dermal rays in crownward stem tetrapods reflects adaptation for a fin-supported elevated posture and resistance to substrate-based loading prior to the origin of digits.
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Beacham, T. D., and C. B. Murray. "The effect of spawning time and incubation temperature on meristic variation in chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 64, no. 1 (January 1, 1986): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z86-007.

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Variability in the number of dorsal, anal, caudal, pectoral, and pelvic fin rays, vertebrae, and gill rakers of early and late spawning stocks of Chehalis River chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) incubated under controlled water temperatures of 4, 8, and 12 °C was examined. The early spawning stock had fewer dorsal fin rays, more anal fin rays, fewer pectoral and pelvic fin rays, and fewer gill rakers than did the late spawning stock. Chum salmon originally incubated at 4 °C had the lowest number of dorsal fin rays, but the highest number of vertebrae and gill rakers. Chum salmon originally incubated at 8 °C had the highest number of anal fin rays, and those incubated at 12 °C had the highest number of pectoral fin rays. Meristic phenotypes had both a genetic and an environmental component.
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Román-Valencia, César, Carlos A. García-Alzate, Raquel I. Ruiz-C, C. Donald, and B. Taphorn. "A new species of Tyttocharax (Characiformes: Characidae: Stevardiinae) from the Güejar river, Orinoco river Basin, Colombia." Neotropical Ichthyology 10, no. 3 (September 2012): 519–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252012000300004.

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A new Tyttocharax species from the Güejar River system, near the Macarena Mountains in Colombia is described. This is the first record for the genus from the Orinoco basin. The combination of the following characters distinguish Tyttocharax metae from its congeners: presence of bony hooks on the pectoral and caudal-fin rays; bony hooks on the anal-fin rays larger than those on the pelvic-fin rays; pectoral-fin rays i,5-6,i; presence of three unbranched dorsal-fin rays; absence of an adipose fin; four scales rows between the anal-fin origin and the lateral line; and four scale rows between the pelvic-fin and the lateral line. Ecological characteristics of the habitat of the new species are also presented.
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Vanegas-Ríos, James Anyelo, María de las Mercedes Azpelicueta, Juan Marcos Mirande, and María Dolly García Gonzales. "Gephyrocharax torresi (Characiformes: Characidae: Stevardiinae), a new species from the río Cascajales basin, río Magdalena system, Colombia." Neotropical Ichthyology 11, no. 2 (June 2013): 275–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252013000200005.

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A new species of Gephyrocharax is described from the río Cascajales basin, a tributary of the río La Colorada, río Magdalena system, Colombia. The new species is distinguished from its congeners, exceptG. melanocheir, by the absence of an adipose fin in most specimens and by the possession of a lateral branched pectoral-fin ray in males with a distal fan-shaped structure with minute bony hooks and a dark blotch or a few scattered dark brown chromatophores along its branches. The new species differs from G.melanocheir by the absence of an intense black pigmentation at the base of the anterior five dorsal-fin rays, the number of vertebrae (40-41vs. 38-39), the frontals contacting each other anterior to the epiphyseal bar in adults (vs. the absence of contact), the posterior margin of the mesethmoid straight in its central portion (vs. strongly concave at this point), the pouch scale of mature males reaching caudal-fin ray 11 or the area between caudal-fin rays 11 and 12 (vs. reaching only to caudal-fin ray 10 or the area between caudal-fin rays 9 and 10), the number of minute terminal branches of the lateral branched pectoral-fin ray of mature males (60-88 vs. 28-54), a longer black lateral stripe along the body in males (reaching to the base of the caudal-fin rays vs. reaching the middle of the length of the caudal peduncle), and the snout length (28.3-31.8% HLvs. 22.2-28.0% HL). The diagnosis ofGephyrocharax is modified to include species with the adipose fin variably present
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Kai, Yoshiaki, Kenta Murasaki, Ryo Misawa, Atsushi Fukui, Eisuke Morikawa, and Yoji Narimatsu. "A new species of snailfish of the genus Paraliparis (Liparidae) from the western North Pacific, with a redescription of the poorly known species Paraliparis mandibularis." ZooKeys 968 (September 16, 2020): 143–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.968.56057.

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A new snailfish, Paraliparis flammeus, is described on the basis of 18 specimens collected off the Pacific coast of Tohoku District, northern Japan at depths of 422–890 m. The new species is distinguished from 28 species of Paraliparis described from the North Pacific by the following combination of characters: mouth oblique; uppermost pectoral-fin base below horizontal through posterior margin of maxillary; 60–63 vertebrae, 54–58 dorsal-fin rays, 50 or 51 anal-fin rays, six principal caudal-fin rays, and 17–20 pectoral-fin rays. A maximum likelihood tree based on 106 COI gene sequences (492 bp) of Paraliparis recovered a monophyletic group comprising P. flammeus, Paraliparis cephalus, and Paraliparis dipterus. Paraliparis cephalus is similar to P. flammeus in having an oblique mouth, but it has four caudal-fin rays (vs six rays) and the uppermost pectoral-fin base above a horizontal through the maxillary posterior margin. Paraliparis dipterus differs from P. flammeus in having a horizontal mouth, 12–14 pectoral-fin rays, and lacking pyloric caeca (present in P. flammeus). Paraliparis flammeus is most similar to the eastern North Pacific Paraliparis mento in having an oblique mouth and the uppermost pectoral-fin base below a horizontal through the posterior margin of the maxillary. However, P. flammeus differs from P. mento in having six caudal-fin rays (vs five rays) and greater preanal length (29.9–35.3% SL vs 26.7–28.5% SL). A poorly known species, Paraliparis mandibularis, previously known from only two specimens collected from Tosa Bay, southern Japan, is redescribed based on the holotype and seven newly collected specimens. It is also similar to the new species but has 27–30 pectoral-fin rays and a shorter pectoral-fin lower lobe (13.8–15.9% SL in P. mandibularis vs 16.7–23.4% SL in P. flammeus).
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KAI, YOSHIAKI, HIROMITSU ENDO, FUMIHITO TASHIRO, and NAOHIDE NAKAYAMA. "Two new species of snailfishes of the genus Careproctus (Cottoidei: Liparidae) from the western North Pacific Ocean with a range extension of Careproctus brevipectoralis." Zootaxa 4951, no. 2 (April 6, 2021): 361–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4951.2.9.

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Three snailfish species of Careproctus (Cottoidei: Liparidae), including two new species, are described from the deep Pacific Ocean off northern Honshu Island, Japan. Careproctus cyanogladius sp. nov., collected from the depths of 2,698–3,223 m, can be distinguished from congeneric species by having the following combination of characters: vertebrae 63; dorsal-fin rays 57–58; anal-fin rays 50; principal caudal rays 7; pectoral-fin rays 29–31; pectoral fin without a notch; uppermost pectoral-fin base below a horizontal through posterior margin of maxillary; pelvic disk oval; chin pores well separated; teeth simple; pyloric caeca 6–10; body pale blue or gray when fresh. The other new species, Careproctus orri sp. nov., collected from depths of 640–808 m, can be distinguished from congeneric species by having the following combination of characters: vertebrae 58–60; dorsal-fin rays 52–53; anal-fin rays 47–49; pectoral-fin rays 34–35; pectoral fin with a distinct notch; cephalic pores 2-6-7-2, chin pores single, unpaired; gill slit extending ventrally to 5th or 6th pectoral-fin ray; teeth strongly trilobed; peritoneum dark, stomach white. In addition, one specimen of Careproctus brevipectoralis Chernova, Thiel & Eidus, 2020 was newly collected from Japan, and is redescribed here in detail with comments on intraspecific variations.
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WANGHE, KUNYUAN, FAXIANG HU, MINHAO CHEN, and XIAOFENG LUAN. "Rhinogobius houheensis, a new species of freshwater goby (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from the Houhe National Nature Reserve, Hubei province, China." Zootaxa 4820, no. 2 (July 28, 2020): 351–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4820.2.8.

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A new freshwater goby, Rhinogobius houheensis, is described based on 40 specimens in a freshwater stream from the Houhe National Nature Reserve, Hubei Province, China. The new species can be distinguished from all its congeneric species by the following combination of characters: thee first dorsal fin rays VI, the second dorsal fin rays I/9-I/10; anal fin rays I/7-I/8; pectoral-fin rays 16–17; longitudinal scale series 37–40; transverse scales 12–14; predorsal scale series 0; and vertebrae counts 12+18=30. The first three spinous rays in the first dorsal fin are colored with two dark-blue stripes and one black spot in alive.
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Carvalho, Tiago Pinto, and Vinicius Araújo Bertaco. "Two new species of Hyphessobrycon (Teleostei: Characidae) from upper rio Tapajós basin on Chapada dos Parecis, central Brazil." Neotropical Ichthyology 4, no. 3 (September 2006): 301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252006000300001.

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Two new species of Hyphessobrycon are described from the upper rio Tapajós basin, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Hyphessobrycon melanostichos is distinguished from its congeners by the combination of a conspicuous longitudinal broad black band beginning on the posterior margin of orbit and reaching the tip of middle caudal fin rays, a distinct vertically elongate humeral spot, and 16 to 18 branched anal-fin rays. Hyphessobrycon notidanos is distinguished from its congeners by the combination of an elongate dorsal fin in mature males, a vertically elongate humeral spot, 2-4 maxillary teeth, iii,8 dorsal-fin rays, and 16 to 21 branched anal-fin rays.
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Zanata, Angela M., and Jane P. Serra. "Hasemania piatan, a new characid species (Characiformes: Characidae) from headwaters of Rio de Contas, Bahia, Brazil." Neotropical Ichthyology 8, no. 1 (March 2010): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252010000100003.

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Hasemania piatan is described from the upper rio de Contas drainage, Bahia, northeastern Brazil. It can be easily distinguished from its congeners by having 18 principal caudal-fin rays. The new species differs further from congeners by a combination of seven branched dorsal-fin rays, six branched pelvic-fin rays, anal-fin base not covered by scales, presence of only five infraorbitals, and presence of a humeral blotch. It also can be distinguished by having 10-13 branched anal-fin rays, 27-32 scales on longitudinal series, 10-12 circumpeduncular scales, and one to three maxillary teeth.
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KOVAČIĆ, MARCELO, SERGEY V. BOGORODSKY, and AHMAD O. MAL. "Two new species of Hetereleotris (Perciformes: Gobiidae) from the Red Sea." Zootaxa 4608, no. 3 (May 21, 2019): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4608.3.5.

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Two new species of the gobiid genus Hetereleotris, H. aurantiaca sp. nov. and H. semisquamata sp. nov., are described from the Red Sea, the former from Saudi Arabia at Jeddah from the cave at depth of 14–16 m, and the latter from the southern Egypt from reef flat. Hetereleotris aurantiaca sp. nov. is distinguished from its congeners by having dorsal-fin rays VI + I,10; anal-fin rays I,9; pectoral-fin rays 14, all rays branched; pelvic-fin rays I,5, the fin separated and without frenum, 5th ray unbranched; anterior nostril with a long tube without process from the rim, posterior nostril a pore with erected rim; no tentacle above eye; posterior angle of jaws extending posteriorly to below posterior edge of pupil; no opercular spine; no mental frenum; pelvic fins longer than pectoral fins; squamation reduced to a few scales on caudal peduncle at caudal-fin base; no head canals; by presence, size and pattern of suborbital rows of sensory papillae; and orange head and yellowish orange body with five faint brown bars. Hetereleotris semisquamata sp. nov. is distinctive among its congeners by unique scale pattern (scales cycloid, the squamation reduced, tapering from caudal-fin base along lateral midline towards pectoral fin where nearly reaching its base) and by coloration (head and body whitish, with brown line from eye to end of upper lip, dark brown band across interorbital area and continuing obliquely from eye to corner of opercle, broad dark brown band below first dorsal fin continuing into fin, and moderately broad dark brown bar on caudal-fin base). Furthermore, it is characterized in having dorsal-fin rays VI + I,11, anal-fin rays I,10, pectoral-fin rays 16, and absence of head canals. In addition to descriptions of two species, a key to all species of Hetereleotris is provided. Hetereleotris psammophila is reported outside the Gulf of Aqaba for the first time.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fin rays"

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Abell, Nicholas. "Population Demographics, Connectivity, and Recruitment Sources of Spotted Bass in Smithland Pool of the Ohio River." OpenSIUC, 2017. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2224.

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Understanding spatial patterns in population demographics and the principal natal environments supporting riverine fish populations are important for fisheries management. Although the black basses are among the most popular groups of game fishes in North America, relatively little information exists regarding demographics and environmental history of spotted bass Micropterus punctulatus in riverine environments. Fin ray microchemistry was used to identify natal environment and age estimates from sectioned fin rays used to estimate growth and mortality rates for spotted bass in Smithland pool of the Ohio River and three tributaries. Spotted bass were collected from 2014-2016 in headwater reaches of tributaries using electrofishing, angling, and a seine net, while electrofishing was used exclusively in the Ohio River and lower tributary reaches. Spotted bass in the Ohio River generally lived longer and grew larger than conspecifics in tributaries, although mortality rates were not definitively different. Differences in water Sr:Ca and Ba:Ca among the Ohio River and tributaries were reflected in fin rays from age-0 and age-1 fish. Eighteen percent of spotted bass ≥ age-2 captured in the Ohio River originated in tributaries, whereas 15% captured in tributaries originated in the Ohio River. Although most fish remained in their natal environment, small tributaries can be a supplemental recruitment source for spotted bass populations and fisheries in large rivers. This study highlights the utility of fin rays for microchemical analysis and age estimation of spotted bass.
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Veinott, G. "Elemental concentrations in the fin rays of white sturgeon, Acipenser transmontanus, by laser ablation sampling-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LAS-ICP-MS)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq40492.pdf.

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Heide, Jakob, and Patrik Lans. "CFD investigation of a fin keel." Thesis, KTH, Mekanik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-148816.

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This thesis aims to help sailboat owners to decide a preferable NACA profile. A CFD comparison in terms of drag and lift coefficients between two NACA profiles have been applied on a typical fin keel. Each profile has been computed with different angles of attack to investigate the impact of small direction changes. ANSYS Fluent 13.0 is used to model the flow according to RANS k-epsilon model. The conclusion is that NACA65 series gives lower drag while NACA64 series gives higher lift.
Syftet med det här examensarbetet är att undersöka skillnaderna för olika NACA-kölprofiler med avseende på tryckkoefficienter Arbetet strävar även efter att ge båtägare en tydligare bild av en fördelaktig NACA-profil. Varje kölprofil har beräknats med olika anfallsvinklar för att undersöka effekten av små vinkeländringar. ANSYS Fluent 13.0 har använts för att modellera flödet enligt k-epsilon-modellen. Slutsatsen är NACA65-serien ger en lägre motståndskoefficient medan NACA64-serien ger en högre lyftkoefficient.
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Pfaff, Ondřej. "Aplikace Fin Ray principu pro automatizaci výrobních procesů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228903.

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This dissertation is about manipulating equipments using Fin Ray Effect ®. The model of manipulator, using this principle, was created for description of the manipulator movement. The measurement was done with this model. After result evaluation the improvement of model was proposed. There were also proposed technical applications where this type of manipulation could be used.
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Smith, Kurt Thomas. "Evaluation of fin ray and fin spine chemistry as indicators of environmental history for five fish species." OpenSIUC, 2010. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/261.

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Knowledge of environmental history is important for the management and conservation of fish populations. Multiple methods to tag or mark fish have been developed (e.g., radio transmitters, coded wire tags, PIT tags, genetic markers), however, each of these methods has limitations. Naturally occurring and artificial chemical markers in otoliths have recently been used to determine natal origins and environmental history of fishes in both marine and freshwater environments and are not subject to the shortcomings of conventional tagging methods. However, few studies have evaluated the application of fish fin rays as a non-lethal alternative to fish otoliths as a recorder of individual fish environmental history. Therefore, I evaluated the application of artificial and naturally occurring chemical markers in fish fin rays as tracers of individual environmental histories. Specifically, I sought to determine 1) if age-0 lake sturgeon pectoral fin rays could be marked by immersion in strontium carbonate (SrCO3) enriched with the stable isotope 86Sr (86SrCO3), 2) whether natural differences in otolith and fin spine chemistry are present in catfish species collected from the Mississippi River basin, and 3) whether natural differences in fin ray chemistry are present in smallmouth bass from different rivers and streams in northern Illinois. Results from the first objective indicated that age-0 lake sturgeon were marked with 83% success when reared in water enriched with 100 µg/L of 86SrCO3, compared to control fish, and mark retention was maintained for at least 120 d following the labeling period. Results of the second objective indicated that both catfish otolith Sr:Ca, δ18O, and δ13C and fin spine Sr:Ca differed among sites, reflecting geographic differences in water chemistry at source locations. Both structures classified fish to their environment of capture with a high degree of accuracy, except in the Middle and Lower Mississippi Rivers where many recent immigrants appeared to be present. Similarly, smallmouth bass fin ray core Sr:Ca differed among sites, reflecting previously documented differences in water chemistry among streams and rivers in northern Illinois. Classification accuracy of smallmouth bass to their environment of capture based on fin ray Sr:Ca was variable, as some rivers had similar water chemistry signatures. The use of artificial chemical marks in fin rays will be useful when marking small fish that may not respond well to physical tags, when non-lethal recovery is desirable, and to distinguish between multiple batches of stocked fish (i.e. to evaluate factors such as stocking location and timing, fish size, and when fish may become interspersed into the existing population). Natural chemical signatures in pectoral fin rays or fin spines may provide a non-lethal alternative to otoliths for gathering information on environmental history (e.g. stock mixing, recruitment sources) of smallmouth bass and catfishes, consistent with recent demonstrations of this technique's effectiveness in other fish species. Ultimately, the use of artificial and naturally occurring chemical marks in fish fin rays provides a non-lethal alternative method to evaluate the environmental history of all life stages of fish
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Zhang, Jing. "Role of hedgehog signaling in branching morphogenesis and patterning of the fin ray during zebrafish fin regeneration." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27434.

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Zebrafish have the capability to regenerate their fins after injury. Previous studies from our laboratory showed that fin regeneration triggers the re-expression of genes involved in the hedgehog (hh) signaling pathway. One member of the hh family, sonic hedgehog (shh) was suggested to regulate bone patterning based on its expgression pattern and functional analysis. Another member of the hh family, Indian hedgehog (ihha) is expressed in the differentiating scleroblasts, the bone-matrix releasing cells, of each fin ray, and may have a more direct role on bone formation based on its expression pattern and known function in other vertebrates. The present study is aimed at investigating the role of hh signalling in patterning the fin ray regenerate and more specifically its role in ray branching morphogenesis. In a first approach, we used the zebrafish 2.2shh:gfp:ABC transgenic line, in which GFP expression recapitulates the endogenous expression of shh, to ablate the shh-expressing cells using a laser beam. Results show that such ablation leads to a delay of ray bifurcation suggesting that the shh-expressing cells play an important role in branching morphogenesis. In a second approach, we cloned the zebrafish hedgehog interacting protein (hip), a hedgehog antagonist, to investigate the effects of its overexpression on ray patterning. Analysis of hip expression during fin regeneration suggests its involvement in limiting hh signaling on the lateral sides of the dermal bones and in their medial region during branching morphogenesis. Overexpression of hip via in vivo cell transfection in the regenerating fin causes a branching delay, possibly as a result of the altered expression of patched1, the hh receptor and type X collagen, a component of the fin ray. These results suggest that hh signaling is involved in patterning the ray branching during zebrafish fin regeneration. Based on the distinct role of shh and ihha suggested by studies in other systems, ihha may be more involved in the scleroblast proliferation and differentiation, and shh is likely to be responsible to pattern the bone formation by directing the site of scleroblast differentiation or possibly mediating scleroblast migration.
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Debicella, Jaclyn M. "Accuracy and precision of fin-ray aging for gag (Mycteroperca microlepis)." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0010802.

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Giovacchini, Francesca <1978&gt. "Cosmic rays anti-deuteron flux sensitivity of the AMS-02 detector." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/335/.

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Pratsch, Christoph. "New methods for high resolution 3D imaging with X-rays." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19238.

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In der Arbeit haben wir die Grenzen der weit verbreiteten tomographischen Rekonstruktion von 3D-Proben mittels Transmissionsröntgenmikroskopie charakterisiert. Wir zeigen, dass die 3D-Auflösung mit diesem Ansatz durch die Schärfentiefe begrenzt ist. Zur Untersuchung von Alternativen führten wir Simulationen zur Bildentstehung in einem konfokalen Röntgenmikroskop und einem FIB-SXM durch. Wir zeigen, dass FIB-SXM ein vielversprechender Ansatz ist, der eine isotrope 3D-Aulösung um die 10 nm erreichen kann und zusätzlich ein drastisch verbessertes Signal-Rausch-Verhältnis bieten könnte. Wir stellen auch eine neue Holographiemethode vor, die sich für Vollfeldabbildungen mit kurzen kohärenten Röntgenpulsen als vorteilhaft erweisen und neue Einsichten in die ultraschnelle Physik liefern könnte.
We have characterized the limitations of the most powerful and widely used 3D X-ray imaging approach, transmission X-ray microscopy with tomographic reconstruction. We show that 3D resolution in this approach is limited by the depth of field. To investigate alternatives, we perform simulations of a confocal transmission X-ray microscope and a FIB-SXM. We show that FIB-SXM is a very promising approach that could o er 3D isotropic resolution at 10 nm with dramatically improved signal to noise. We also introduce a new holography method that could prove bene cial for full eld imaging with short coherent X-ray pulses and yield new insights into ultrafast physics.
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Baud, Amelie. "Fine-mapping complex traits in heterogeneous stock rats." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c762c1af-c899-478f-93e1-305775d5a6f4.

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The fundamental theme my thesis explores is the relationship between genetic variation and phenotypic variation. It addresses three main questions. What is the genetic architecture of traits in the HS? How can sequence information help identifying the sequence variants and genes responsible for phenotypic variation? Are the genetic factors contributing to phenotypic variation in the rat homologous to those contributing to variation in the same phenotype in the mouse? To address these questions, I analysed data collected by the EURATRANS consortium on 1,407 Heterogeneous Stock (HS) rats descended from eight inbred strains through sixty generations of outbreeding. The HS rats were genotyped at 803,485 SNPs and 160 measures relevant to a number of models of disease (e.g. anxiety, type 2 diabetes, multiple sclerosis) were collected. The eight founders of the Stock were genotyped and sequenced. I identified loci in the genome that contribute to phenotypic variation (Quantitative Trait Loci, QTLs), and integrated sequence information with the mapping results to identify the genetic variants underlying the QTLs. I made some important observations about the nature of genetic architecture in rats, and how this compares to mice and humans. I also showed how sequence information can be used to improve mapping resolution, and in some cases to identify causal variants. However, I report an unexpected observation: at the majority of QTLs, the genetic effect cannot be accounted for by a single variant. This finding suggests that genetic variation cannot be reduced to sequence variation. This complexity will need to be taken into account by studies that aim at unravelling the genetic basis of complex traits.
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Books on the topic "Fin rays"

1

Resources, Ontario Ministry of Natural. Comparison of scales and fin rays for ageing Lake Trout in five southeastern Ontario lakes. [Ottawa]: Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, 1988.

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Hérubel, Michel. Gilles de Rais, ou, La fin d'un monde. Paris: J. Picollec, 1993.

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Mierswa, Ruth. Who you are and why you are here: Find your life purpose and personality type. Fairport, NY: Rainbow Gateway, 1998.

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1952-, Hasnain S. S., ed. X-ray absorption fine structure. New York: E. Horwood, 1991.

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Sentā, Tōkyō Daigaku Bunkō Kagaku. EXAFS kihon kaiseki puroguramu EXAFS 1 riyōsha manyuaru. [Tokyo]: Tōkyō Daigaku Rigakubu Fuzoku Bunkō Kagaku Sentā, 1985.

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EXAFS: Basic principles and data analysis. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1986.

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1939-, Yang Chuanzheng, ed. Cai liao she xian yan she he san she fen xi: Cailiao shexian yanshe he sanshe fenxi = Analysis of materials by ray-diffration and scattering. Beijing Shi: Gao deng jiao yu chu ban she, 2010.

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Mawhinney, Art. Look and find Disney Pixar Ratatouille (rat-a-too-ee). Lincolnwood, Ill: Publications International, 2007.

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Foton Fakutorī Kenkyūkai (2008 Kō-enerugī Kasokuki Kenkyū Kikō). Jikan bunkai XAFS kenkyū no dōkō to tenbō: PF Kenkyūkai. [Tsukuba-shi]: Ko-enerugī Kasokuki Kenkyū Kikō, 2008.

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Foton Fakutorī Kenkyūkai (2010 Kō-enerugī Kasokuki Kenkyū Kikō). Seitai ya kankyō kenkyū ni taisuru XAFS o chūshin to shita hōshakō no ōyō to shinten: PF Kenkyūkai. [Tsukuba-shi]: Kō-enerugī Kasokuki Kenkyū Kikō, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fin rays"

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Nguyen, Van Dong, Dinh Khanh Phan, Canh An Tien Pham, Dae Hwan Kim, Viet Tuan Dinh, and Tan Tien Nguyen. "Study on Determining the Number of Fin-Rays of a Gymnotiform Undulating Fin Robot." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 745–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69814-4_72.

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Dean, A. J. "Integral — Fine Spectroscopy and Fine Imaging of Celestial Gamma-Rays." In Astrophysics and Space Science Library, 475–86. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0794-5_46.

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Cierniak, Robert. "Reconstruction from Fan-beam Projections." In X-Ray Computed Tomography in Biomedical Engineering, 127–47. London: Springer London, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-027-4_6.

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Stearns, D. G., and M. B. Stearns. "Extended X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure." In Topics in Current Physics, 153–92. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-46571-0_6.

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Masuda, Takuya. "Electrochemical X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure." In Compendium of Surface and Interface Analysis, 113–18. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6156-1_20.

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Abe, Hitoshi. "Extended X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure." In Compendium of Surface and Interface Analysis, 177–80. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6156-1_30.

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Amemiya, Kenta. "Soft X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure." In Compendium of Surface and Interface Analysis, 611–14. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6156-1_99.

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Fendorf, Scott E., and Donald L. Sparks. "X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy." In SSSA Book Series, 377–416. Madison, WI, USA: Soil Science Society of America, American Society of Agronomy, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sssabookser5.3.c13.

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Deaconescu, Andrea, and Tudor Deaconescu. "Wrist Rehabilitation Equipment Based on the Fin-Ray® Effect." In Advances in Service and Industrial Robotics, 393–401. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19648-6_45.

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Madariaga, Raúl. "Waveform Synthesis by Ray Theoretical Methods." In Digital Seismology and Fine Modeling of the Lithosphere, 49–78. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6759-6_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fin rays"

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Shi, Guangyu, Qing Xiao, and Qiang Zhu. "A Study of 3D Flexible Caudal Fin for Fish Propulsion." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-61528.

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This paper is inspired by a recent numerical study (Shoele and Zhu, 2012, “Leading edge strengthening and the propulsion performance of flexible ray fins,” Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Vol. 693, pp. 402–432), which shows that, for a 2D flexible ray replicating the pectoral fins of live fish, undergoing a flapping motion in a viscous fluid, the performance can be significantly improved via the flexibility distribution on the rays. In present study, we investigate the propulsion capability of a 3D caudal fin undergoing a flapping motion. The embedded rays are modeled as linear springs and the soft membrane is modeled as a flexible plate being able to deform in span-wise direction. A finite-volume method based Navier-Stokes solver is used to solve the fluid-structure interaction problem. The present paper focuses on the effects of various distributions of the ray and the ray flexibilities, which can lead to different fin deformations. It is shown that the detailed ray distribution has significant influence on the propulsion performance. By distributing fin rays at the tips rather than the middle of fin, a less power expenditure is observed, leading to higher propulsion efficiency. However, larger thrust force is obtained through distributing the rays at the middle, which is attributed to larger effective flapping amplitude. Additionally, ray flexibilities also play a pivotal role in the thrust generation of the fin.
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Fernández-Gutiérrez, David, and Wim M. van Rees. "Effect of Active and Passive Curvature on the Hydrodynamic Performance of Flapping Fins." In ASME 2020 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2020 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2020 18th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2020-20044.

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Abstract Ray-finned fish swim by flapping their fins, which are composed of bony rays connected by an inextensible membrane. Throughout the flapping cycle, the fins typically undergo both ‘passive’ deformation due to hydrodynamic loading, and ‘active’ deformation arising from internal musculature deforming the fin against the flow. To systematically analyze the impact of fin shape on hydrodynamic performance, a parametric definition of the fin geometry and its modes of deformation is required, consistent with the fin’s material and mechanical properties. In this paper we present a model and algorithm to determine the fin shape corresponding to an arbitrary out-of-plane curvature distribution for each ray. The shape is computed by iteratively enforcing constraints corresponding to membrane inextensibility, and negligible torsional stiffness of the rays. Based on this model, we present a low-order parametrization of fin shapes that capture the predominant deformation modes due to combined hydrodynamic loading and intrinsic actuation, as compared to experimental observations. To demonstrate the model’s ability to provide insight into the effect of curvature on hydrodynamic fin performance, we integrate our algorithm into a 3D Navier-Stokes solver Using this framework, we present initial results on the cycle-averaged thrust coefficient of a passively and actively deforming generalized trapezoidal caudal fin model at Reynolds number 1500 and Strouhal number 0.3. The results demonstrate that our model, algorithm, and integration with the flow solver form a useful framework to understand the effect of 3D curvature on hydrodynamic performance of flapping fins.
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Noviasky, Nicholas, Alexander Matta, and Javid Bayandor. "Locomotive Capabilities of a Free-Swimming Robotic Tuna." In ASME-JSME-KSME 2019 8th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajkfluids2019-5557.

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Abstract As we try and understand more about the oceans and the creatures that inhabit them, the need for effective modes of aquatic transportation becomes abundantly clear. Taking a step back from traditional propeller-based systems, we look toward nature and the millions of years of natural selection to find inspiration. The successful designs that have prospered vary greatly from creature to creature depending on their lifestyle. From rays to jellyfish, the propulsion methods used are tailored for a specific purpose. Considering the vastness of the oceans and our desire to explore them, a quick and efficient mode of locomotion would be well suited for this task. A great example of this type of swimmer can be found within the genus Thunnus. Tuna rely on a lift-based propulsion system classified as thunniform swimming. The majority of thrust from this propulsion method is derived from the caudal fin and part of the tail. As the tail sweeps through the water, interesting vortex structures are shed from the trailing edge of the lunate fin. Along with velocity components that travel parallel to the movement of the fish, two separate vortices are shed from the top and bottom inner surfaces of the caudal fin and meet at the lengthwise center axis of the fish. These can be best visualized from the flow velocity components analyzed within a plane just behind the caudal fin and perpendicular to the body length axis. Over time, a reverse Karman vortex street is formed from the combination of vortices from multiple tail beats. A robotic tuna and CFD model were created with the minimum number of joints to approximate thunniform swimming. A modified scotch yoke mechanism was used to convert uniform rotation of a brushless DC motor to oscillatory motion that mimics the tail of a tuna. A servo is mounted on the tail to provide an adjustable angle of attack for the caudal fin. The dynamic CFD model of the tuna employs overset meshing techniques created in ICEM CFD 18.2 and is simulated within ANSYS Fluent 18.2. The model is actuated at the start of the tail and the base of the fin to represent thunniform swimming. The body of the tuna is held static as steady flow is passed around the model. The flow velocity was chosen as an approximation of the speed of a tuna of comparable size and tail-beat frequency.
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Sharp, Nicholas, Virginia Hagen-Gates, Evan Hemingway, Molly Syme, Juelyan Via, Jeffrey Feaster, Javid Bayandor, Sunghwan Jung, Francine Battaglia, and Andrew Kurdila. "Computational Analysis of Undulatory Batoid Motion for Underwater Robotic Propulsion." In ASME 2014 4th Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2014-22077.

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Underwater fish of the class Batoidea, commonly known as rays and skates, use large cartilaginous wings to propel themselves through the water. This motion is of great interest in bioinspired robotics as an alternative propulsion mechanism. Prior research has focused primarily on the oscillating kinematics used by some species which resembles flapping; this study investigates undulatory motion induced by propagating sinusoidal waves along the fin. An analytical model of undulatory kinematics is presented and correlated with biological literature, and the model is then simulated via unsteady computational fluid dynamics and multiparticle collision dynamics. A bioinspired robot, Batoid Underwater Robotics Testbed (BURT), was developed to test the kinematics of the undulating propulsion system proposed. Finally, BURT was utilized as a platform to investigate engineering challenges in undulating Batoid robotics.
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Moon, Mi-Ae, and Kwang-Yong Kim. "Heat Transfer Performance of a New Fan-Shaped Pin-Fin in Internal Cooling Channel." In ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2013-94193.

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Prediction of convective heat transfer around a pin-fin of novel fan-shape has been performed with Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) analysis in comparison with a circular pin-fin. The low-Reynolds number shear stress transport (SST) model has been selected as the turbulence closure model by comparing the performance with those of the standard k-ε and k-ω models. The fan-shaped pin-fin has shown remarkably improved heat transfer performance compared to the circular pin-fin over the whole range of Reynolds number (Re = 5,000–100,000). A parametric study with two geometric parameters of the fan-shaped pin-fin, the lateral reduction angle of the fan-shaped pin-fin and radius of rear part of pin-fin has been performed to find their effects on heat transfer and friction loss.
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Sharma, Arjun, Tariq S. Khan, Ebrahim Al Hajri, and Md Islam. "Morphological Characterization of Fouling on Air Cooled Fin Fan Heat Exchangers." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-66972.

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In today’s fast growing world where availability of energy has become a major concern, the cost of performance demands optimum heat exchange performance over extended periods of operational times. Fouling is one major factor that drastically affects heat exchanger performance. Most of the oil & gas processing plants in the Middle East are located in deserts. Due to scarcity of water most of the installed heat exchangers are air-cooled. These heat exchangers are at high risk of low performance due to dusty/sticky particulate fouling. In order to identify possible active/passive methods to control or ideally eliminate particulate fouling, as a first step, it is desirable to know exact morphology of such particulate fouling. This study presents morphological characterization of selected fouling samples from eight different installed fin fan heat exchangers. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) tests are carried out to determine standard characteristics and size of sample foulant powder. Variability in sizes and shapes is found between samples perhaps due to different working temperature ranges of the selected heat exchangers. The semi quantitative sample composition measured by energy dispersion x-ray micro analysis was as following: 26.50% Si, 26.12% Ca, 10.07% C and 9% Al with traces of Fe, Na, Mg, Cl, and some other salts. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed presence of quartz, calcite and alumina with traces of halite and hematite. The diversity of these fouling samples reflects complexity with respect to their potential removal and effects on heat transfer.
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AlDakhil, Abdulrahman D., Jarallah A. AlSudairy, and Iyad A. AlBuraiki. "Failure Analysis at Steam Condenser Fin Fan Cooler Tubes, Ras Tanura Refinery." In ASME 2012 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2012-78013.

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A complete Process, Corrosion and Mechanical Engineering assessment was performed at a critical fin fan cooler condenser API 661 design located in Utilities Facilities of Ras Tanura Refinery, owned and operated by Saudi Aramco, the largest oil producer company of the world. The thorough analysis included a thermal engineering by computerized software, to determine heat exchanger efficiency and critical process parameters, a metallurgy microstructure analysis was performed in order to identify the root cause of tube recurrent rupture. The specimen extracted from the crack boundary was analyzed by chemical composition analysis, optical metallography and scanning electron microscopy analysis. The results demonstrate that subject tube cracking initiated on the internal surface, 60 psig steam/condensate side, and is a result of environmental stress corrosion cracking (SCC) induced by ammonia traces. Based on engineering analysis and a cost-effective-benefits study a decision was taken to change the tubes material from original Admiralty Brass to carbon steel SA-179, while the heat transfer area was modified by increasing the fins per unit length from 10fins/inch to 11fins/inch for both objectives, allow eliminating this recurrent failure and improving the air cooled heat exchanger duty by 1.5%.
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Sfakiotakis, Michael, John Fasoulas, Roza Gliva, and Aristotle Yannakoudakis. "Model-based fin ray joint tracking control for undulatory fin mechanisms." In 2015 7th International Congress on Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Control Systems and Workshops (ICUMT). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icumt.2015.7382421.

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Chen, Zheng, Tae I. Um, Jianzhong Zhu, and Hilary Bart-Smith. "Bio-Inspired Robotic Cownose Ray Propelled by Electroactive Polymer Pectoral Fin." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-64174.

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The cownose ray (Rhinoptera bonasus) demonstrates excellent swimming capabilities; generating highly efficient thrust via flapping of dorsally flattened pectoral fins. In this paper, we present a bio-inspired and free swimming robot that mimics the swimming behavior of the cownose ray. The robot has two artificial pectoral fins to generate thrust through a twisted flapping motion. Each artificial pectoral fin consists of one ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) as artificial muscle in the leading edge and a passive PDMS membrane in the trailing edge. By applying voltage signal to the IPMC, the passive PDMS membrane follows the bending of IPMC with a phase delay, which leads to a twist angle on the fin. The characterization results have shown that the pectoral fin was able to generate up to 40% tip deflection and 10° twist angle with less than 1 Watt power consumption. A bio-inspired rigid body was designed using Computerized Axial Tomography (CT Scan) data of the cownose ray body and printed using a 3-dimensional printer. A light and compact on-board control unit with a lithium ion polymer battery has been developed for the free swimming robot. Experimental results have shown that the robot swam at 0.034 BL/S.
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Corsini, Alessandro, Giovanni Delibra, Anthony G. Sheard, and David Volponi. "Unsteady Pressure Interaction of an Axial Flow Fan With a Stabilization Ring in Tunnel and Metro Applications." In ASME Turbo Expo 2015: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2015-42170.

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Ventilation fans operating in underground metropolitan tunnels are subjected to abrupt changes in operations due to the pressure wavefronts generated by the passage of the trains, and the magnitude of these pressure waves is increasing due to increasing speed of passing trains in modern mass transport systems. To avoid fans being driven into stall designers can fit fans with a stabilisation ring, i.e. a casing treatment that was found to mitigate the mechanical consequences of being inadvertedly driven into stall due to pressure pulses. A stabilisation ring is a circumferential cavity in the casing of the fan, placed upstream of the rotor in order to allow the fluid to recirculate in stalled operations. A series of fins inside this cavity is used in order to drive the recirculating fluid back into the blade vane with a proper alignment with the leading edge of the rotor. Following a previous RANS investigation that lead to the conclusion that the drive mechanism of the stabilisation ring onto the fan is based on azimuthal pressure unbalance we present here a U-RANS investigation aiming at understanding the dynamics of the interaction of the anti-stall ring with the fan and to provide insight on possible development of the geometry of the casing treatment. The fan selected for this study is a real fan for tunnel and metro applications (9 rotor blades, 1490 rpm) with a real-geometry stabilisation ring (27 fins). Computations account for different operating points (peak efficiency, design point, peak pressure and stalled operations) and rely on the low-Reynolds cubic k-ε model of Lien et al. All the simulations were carried out with the open-source OpenFOAM code. Results were validated against available experimental data and then analysed to understand the unsteady interaction between the rotor of the fan and the cavity of the stabilisation ring.
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Reports on the topic "Fin rays"

1

Divin, C. J. AlignCT: Fine alignment for x-ray computed tomography systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1239195.

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Ornelas-Skarin, C., C. Divin, and K. Harke. CTT: Tools for Fine Alignment of Flash X-ray Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1662047.

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Antonio, M. R., L. Soderholm, and I. Song. Solution spectroelectrochemical cell for in situ X-ray absorption fine structure. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/515522.

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Stoehr, J., E. B. Kollin, D. A. Fischer, J. B. Hastings, F. Zaera, and F. Sette. Surface extended x-ray absorption fine structure of low-Z absorbates using fluorescence detection. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5380906.

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Anders, S., T. Stammler, C. S. Bhatia, J. Stoehr, W. Fong, C. Y. Chen, and D. B. Bogy. Study of hard disk and slider surfaces using X-ray photoemission electron microscopy and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/674744.

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Croft, S., Andrea Favalli, Brian Phillip Weaver, Brian J. Williams, Thomas Lee Burr, Daniela Henzlova, and R. D. McElroy. A Critical Examination of Figure of Merit (FOM). Assessing the Goodness-of-Fit in Gamma/X-ray Peak Analysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1222690.

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Willey, Trevor M. Characterization of Functionalized Self-Assembled Monolayers and Surface-Attached Interlocking Molecules Using Near-Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15014054.

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Ames, D. E., I. M. Kjarsgaard, and J. A. R. Stirling. Mineral chemistry and x-ray diffraction database of greenschist- to amphibolite-facies assemblages in the Hidden and Louis formations, Paleoproterozoic Flin Flon Domain. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/289261.

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Shives, R. B. K. Airborne gamma ray spectrometric/magnetic/VLF/-EM survey, Flin Flon-Hanson Lake area, Saskatchewan (NTS 63L/15, 16 and parts of L/9, 10, K/12, 13). Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/205422.

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Huff, Welcome Rex Anthony. Development of a high-resolution soft x-ray (30--1500 eV) beamline at the Advanced Light Source and its use for the study of angle-resolved photoemission extended fine structure. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/211573.

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