Journal articles: '"final judgment"'

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Végsö, Roland. "Perpetual Final Judgment." Epoché 20, no. 1 (2015): 255–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/epoche201572449.

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Paulson, Colter. "Compliance With Final Judgments of the International Court of Justice Since 1987." American Journal of International Law 98, no. 3 (July 2004): 434–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3181640.

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Commentators on the International Court of Justice (ICJ) note that cases of noncompliance with final judgments are very rare. The ICJ registrar Philippe Couvreur, however, recognized that compliance is often hard to determine because judgments are varied, declarations may not reflect actual conduct, effects may only become apparent long after the judgment is given, and the legal or political situation may substantially change after the judgment. In this vein, Judge Jennings asked:The judgments of the Court are binding in law, but do they, in fact, resolve the matter? More work needs to be done here. It is ironic that the Court's business up to the delivery of judgment is published in lavish detail, but it is not at all easy to find out what happened afterwards.

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Cloutier, David. "Beyond Judgmentalism and Non-Judgmentalism." Journal of the Society of Christian Ethics 39, no. 2 (2019): 269–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jsce2019102415.

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Contemporary social discourse oscillates between norms against being judgmental and discourse filled with highly judgmental conflicts. The paper suggests the inability to understand the scope and limits of judgment in society requires Christian ethics to recover its own understanding of judgment, including of a final judgment as something other than a courtroom encounter over one’s individual sins. After exploring the centrality of God’s judgment in Scripture as an ongoing activity of social ordering for justice and mercy, I draw on several theologians to develop a different imagination for what final judgment means, rooted in conflicts of social identities, and then identify four key lessons for ethical discourse about social sins.

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Peecher, Mark E., M. David Piercey, Jay S. Rich, and Richard M. Tubbs. "The Effects of a Supervisor’s Active Intervention in Subordinates’ Judgments, Directional Goals, and Perceived Technical Knowledge Advantage on Audit Team Judgments." Accounting Review 85, no. 5 (September 1, 2010): 1763–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr.2010.85.5.1763.

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ABSTRACT: Prior research shows that an audit supervisor’s active intervention in a subordinate’s judgment distorts that judgment. However, subordinates’ judgments are only one input into audit team judgments. How do supervisors finalize audit team judgments after actively intervening in their subordinates’ judgments? In an experiment using audit teams, supervisors with weaker or stronger goals to reach a client-preferred conclusion either were or were not asked to first actively coach a subordinate’s judgment (i.e., active intervention) before reviewing it and finalizing the audit team’s judgment. Supervisors’ intervention influenced subordinates’ inputs, which, in turn, supervisors incorporated into their final judgments. More interestingly, intervention biased supervisors’ final judgments, controlling for supervisor directional goal strength and for concurrent effects on subordinates’ inputs. However, supervisors distorted their judgments less as they perceived a larger technical knowledge advantage over subordinates. In a second experiment, auditors appear aware of the bias-reducing knowledge advantage effects but unaware of the bias-increasing active intervention effects. We discuss implications for audit team judgments and audit quality control.

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Aleksandr Privalov. "ABOUT ALL JUDGMENT EXCEPT THE FINAL." Current Digest of the Russian Press, The 71, no. 049 (December 8, 2019): 16–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21557/dsp.56843684.

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Gadzhigoroeva, A. G. "Minoxidil: a final judgment or a hope?" Klinicheskaya dermatologiya i venerologiya 15, no. 4 (2016): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/klinderma201615496-101.

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Duke, Rodney K. "Eternal Torment or Destruction? Interpreting Final Judgment Texts." Evangelical Quarterly 88, no. 3 (April 26, 2017): 237–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/27725472-08803004.

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While drawing on much common knowledge in biblical studies, this article distinctively first explains how the popular final-judgment position of eternal torment mistakenly arises from four factors: 1) not weighting the type of biblical literature from which doctrine is being drawn, 2) forgetting the NT concept of awaiting a general resurrection of the dead prior to final judgment, 3) not recognizing the biblical anthropology that presents humans holistically as mortals, and 4) wrongly conflating terms and symbols of different states of judgment (e.g. pre-resurrection vs. post-resurrection, and Gehenna vs. Hades) into an umbrella concept of ‘hell’. Second, this paper clarifies some frequently misunderstood ‘final judgment’ texts while demonstrating a commonsense method of biblical interpretation that draws on the cultural symbols of the first-century setting. The results lead to the better conclusion that in the final judgment those who are alienated from God suffer the ‘second death’ of destruction.

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Bell, R. "Book Reviews : Judgment Is Not the Final Word." Expository Times 110, no. 9 (June 1999): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001452469911000917.

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Harris, E. N. "Anticardiolipin versus lupus anticoagulant tests: no final judgment." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 48, no. 1 (January 1, 1989): 84–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ard.48.1.84.

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Mitsuda, Takashi, and Yuichi Yoshioka. "Final Sampling Bias in Haptic Judgments: How Final Touch Affects Decision-Making." Perception 47, no. 1 (September 28, 2017): 90–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0301006617735003.

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When people make a choice between multiple items, they usually evaluate each item one after the other repeatedly. The effect of the order and number of evaluating items on one’s choices is essential to understanding the decision-making process. Previous studies have shown that when people choose a favorable item from two items, they tend to choose the item that they evaluated last. This tendency has been observed regardless of sensory modalities. This study investigated the origin of this bias by using three experiments involving two-alternative forced-choice tasks using handkerchiefs. First, the bias appeared in a smoothness discrimination task, which indicates that the bias was not based on judgments of preference. Second, the handkerchief that was touched more often tended to be chosen more frequently in the preference task, but not in the smoothness discrimination task, indicating that a mere exposure effect enhanced the bias. Third, in the condition where the number of touches did not differ between handkerchiefs, the bias appeared when people touched a handkerchief they wanted to touch last, but not when people touched the handkerchief that was predetermined. This finding suggests a direct coupling between final voluntary touching and judgment.

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Оганесян, Тигран, and Tigran Oganesyan. "THE PILOT JUDGMENT PROCEDURE OF THE EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS: LEGAL NATURE AND CONTENT." Journal of Foreign Legislation and Comparative Law 3, no. 3 (July 10, 2017): 126–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_593fc343d8a884.43909377.

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This article is devoted to analysis of the legal nature and essence of the procedure of pilot judgments of the European Court of Human Rights. The article contains the reviews and ratings ECtHR judges and scholars regarding the procedure of the pilot judgments. The author examines the terminology used in the framework of the pilot judgment procedure, taking into account the views of other researchers on the definition of a pilot judgment and other phenomena that are contained in the procedure for pilot judgments. Among the objectives of the pilot judgment procedure, the author focuses on ensuring effective execution of court decisions in the future by specifying by ECtHR for the states the defendants to an effective remedy for structural or systemic problems. In addition, the author considers such a category as “quasipilot” judgments in which the ECtHR expresses concerns about the systemic problem identified in the legal system of the respondent state, however, does not mandate or oblige to take measures of a general nature. The article also analyses the constituent elements of the procedure of pilot judgments, assesses the effectiveness of pilot judgment procedure, with reference to separate submitted to the pilot judgments of the European Court. It is noted that the elements of a pilot judgment are uncertain, since it formed and is enshrined in various regulations. In the final part of the article it is noted that there is a need and the need for further improvement and regulation of standards, regulations that would fully reveal the essence of the paradigm of the development procedure. The author notes that the development of the pilot judgment procedure can be possible for the study and in subsequent application developments for improving the procedure for pilot judgments.

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Vásconez, Ximena Bustamante. "The Mediated Settlement Agreement The Ecuadorian Experience." Journal of International Arbitration 28, Issue 3 (June 1, 2011): 283–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/joia2011023.

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There is no consent regarding the nature and effects that should be given to a Mediated Settlement Agreement (MSA) in the international level. Consequently, some jurisdictions conceive it merely as a contract with the correspondent enforcement procedure, whereas others seek to provide it with a stronger effect homologating the MSA with a judgment or even an arbitral award. In this diverse setting, the Ecuadorian experience presents an interesting case of analysis because it provides the MSA with the same effects of a final judgment and of res judicata establishing a summary enforcement procedure. Such disposition provides the MSA with an original nature that in a way combines both contracts and judgments. Therefore, the document containing the MSA has been defined as an authentic instrument product of an alternative mechanism for the administration of justice, which provides it with the effects of a final judgment and of res judicata, and that contains a typified or nominated convention which essential characteristics are determined by the Arbitration and Mediation Law.

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Heller, Thomas Allan. "The Current Status of the Preclusive Effects of Judgments in the Federal Court System of the United States of America." Lexonomica 12, no. 2 (December 21, 2020): 163–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/lexonomica.12.2.163-210.2020.

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Res judicata law in the United States of America has a long, extensive and complex history. The aim of this paper is to provide at least a working summary of some of the most important aspects of the current res judicata law in the federal court system of the United States. The flexible discovery, pleading and joinder rules have given rise to more expansive res judicata law. The paper will discuss what exactly constitutes a judgment; how the federal courts deal with the finality of judgments in multiple parties and multiple claim cases; the final judgment rule; the form of judgments; the methods to enter judgments and significance of entry of judgments; together with a detailed overview of the doctrine of res judicata itself, including the separate, but related twin doctrines of claim preclusion and issue preclusion.

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Cunnington, Ralph. "A re-examination of the intermediate state of unbelievers." Evangelical Quarterly 82, no. 3 (April 30, 2010): 215–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/27725472-08203003.

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This article seeks to provide a re-examination of the intermediate state of unbelievers against the backdrop of the response of individuals at the final judgment. The first part examines Scripture’s teaching concerning the expectation of believers and unbelievers at the final judgment. It is shown that Scripture consistently teaches that some unbelievers, including those who have died prior to the parousia, will be surprised by the outcome of the final judgment. This is incompatible with the Reformed understanding of the intermediate state because, if unbelievers have already experienced conscious punishment following death, there is no reason why the outcome of the final judgment would be unexpected. In the second part, the Scriptural basis for the Reformed understanding of the intermediate state of unbelievers is critically examined and found to be lacking. In conclusion, it is argued that unbelievers exist in a somnolent coma-like existence as they await the final judgment.

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Backes, C. W. (Chris), and G. A. (Gerrit) van der Veen. "Urgenda: the Final Judgment of the Dutch Supreme Court." Journal for European Environmental & Planning Law 17, no. 3 (July 10, 2020): 307–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18760104-01703004.

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The final verdict to the Urgenda case provided by the Dutch Supreme Court has been called a victory in the fight to limit climate change and a milestone in public interest litigation, at least in the Netherlands. As a consequence, the Dutch state will have to reduce ghg-emissions by 25% compared with 1990 at the end of 2020. The judgment has attracted widespread acclaim for being ‘courageous’ and exploring unknown legal territory. However, a closer look at the reasoning of the Court of Appeal and the Supreme Court still leaves many questions, which are address in this manuscript.

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Foster, Paul. "Book Review: The Historical Jesus and the Final Judgment." Expository Times 118, no. 5 (February 2007): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001452460711800523.

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Baikovska, Inese. "NEWLY DISCLOSED CIRCUMSTANCES – GROUNDS FOR RENEWAL OF CRIMINAL PROCEEDING." Administrative and Criminal Justice 1, no. 82 (June 21, 2018): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/acj.v1i82.2850.

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It is presumed that no appeal may lie from a judgment that has already entered into legal force and such a judgment is regarded as final in a case, criminal proceedings may still be reopened under certain legal circumstances, which are called newly discovered. This is how the right of persons involved in criminal proceedings to a fair trial and a fair final judgment is ensured.The goal of this article is to examine circumstances that can be recognised as newly discovered and serve as grounds for the reopening of criminal proceedings, identify problems related to legal framework and find a legally sound solution. The tasks of this article are to investigate provisions applied to newly discovered circumstances as defined by the Criminal Procedure Law. As a result of the research, the author has concluded that the Latvian legislation governing criminal procedure with respect to the definition of newly discovered circumstances is deficient; therefore, suggestions are provided for the improvement of the existing legal framework. The research is based on the analysis of legislation, judgments of courts, conclusions and separate opinions of judges.

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Price, Joseph L. "The Final Four as Final Judgment: The Cultural Significance of the NCAA Basketball Championship." Journal of Popular Culture 24, no. 4 (March 1991): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3840.1991.2404_49.x.

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Polanowska-Sygulska, Beata. "The Crucifix Dispute and Value Pluralism." Analyse & Kritik 41, no. 2 (November 1, 2019): 301–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/auk-2019-0019.

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Abstract This article seeks to interpret the striking divergence between the two judgments passed by the European Court of Human Rights in the Lautsi v Italy case in terms of value pluralism. The latter is a hotly debated position in ethics, brought to life in the second half of the twentieth century by Isaiah Berlin. Pluralism elucidates these in interesting ways. First, value pluralism sheds light on three major aspects of the trial before the European Court of Human Rights: the nature of the collision of values, the discrepancy between the two decisions, and the rationale of the final judgment. Secondly, this is my thesis that while the first judgment fits ethical monism, which underlies Dworkin’s ‘one right answer’ theory, the second ruling chimes with pluralism. The pluralist spirit of the Grand Chamber’s final decision turned Europe away from the path of Americanization.

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Chung, Janne O. Y., Jeffrey R. Cohen, and Gary S. Monroe. "The Effect of Moods on Auditors’ Inventory Valuation Decisions." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 27, no. 2 (November 1, 2008): 137–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/aud.2008.27.2.137.

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SUMMARY: This paper investigates the effect of different mood states—specifically positive, neutral, and negative mood—on inventory valuation decisions. Psychological research suggests that different mood states can lead to different professional judgments in the performance of an ambiguous task. Compared with neutral- and negative-mood individuals, positive-mood individuals have the lowest consensus and make the least conservative judgment (i.e., the highest inventory valuation), and negative-mood individuals have the highest consensus and make the most conservative judgment (i.e., the lowest inventory valuation). An experiment conducted with 102 Australian audit professionals found that, consistent with the literature, mood states affect the dispersion and extent of conservatism in the inventory valuation judgment. A follow-up experiment conducted with 170 final-year Australian auditing students suggests that the effect of moods on judgment may be due to the mood-congruent retrieval of information by the participants. Implications for practice and research are also provided.

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Franses, Philip Hans. "Modeling Judgment in Macroeconomic Forecasts." Journal of Quantitative Economics 19, S1 (November 9, 2021): 401–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40953-021-00277-5.

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AbstractMany macroeconomic forecasts are the outcome of a judgmental adjustment to a forecast from an econometric model. The size, direction, and motivation of the adjustment are often unknown as usually only the final forecast is available. This is problematic in case an analyst wishes to learn from forecast errors, which could lead to improving the model, the judgment or both. This paper therefore proposes a formal method to include judgment, which makes the combined forecast reproducible. As an illustration, a forecast from a benchmark simple time series model is only modified when the value of a factor, estimated from a multitude of variables, exceeds a user-specified threshold. Simulations and empirical results for forecasting annual real GDP growth in 52 African countries provide an illustration.

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Fesko, J. V. "Girolamo Zanchi on Union with Christ and the Final Judgment." Perichoresis 18, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 41–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/perc-2020-0003.

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AbstractUnion with Christ was a key doctrine for second-generation Reformed theologian Girolamo Zanchi. As a Thomist, Zanchi shared similar elements with Thomas Aquinas in his understanding of salvation as participatio, but his understanding of union with Christ differed with regard to the difference between infused and imputed righteousness. Unlike Aquinas’s doctrine of infused righteousness, Zanchi argued for imputed righteousness, which was both the foundation for one’s justification in this life as well as appearing before the divine bar at the final judgment. Zanchi’s doctrine of union with Christ has the utmost significance for personal eschatology and the judgment believers undergo at the great assize, insights that are worth retrieving for a clear understanding of the relationship between justification and the final judgement.

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Fassberg, Celia Wasserstein. "Rule and Reason in the Common Law of Foreign Judgments." Canadian Journal of Law & Jurisprudence 12, no. 2 (July 1999): 193–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0841820900002228.

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Two tenets are central to the Common Law rules for enforcement and recognition of foreign judgments. The first is that, subject to public policy, the enforcing court does not review the substance of the decision; in other words, mistake is no defence. The second is that, apart from ensuring that the judgment was not obtained by fraud or through a breach of the requirements of natural justice, the prime consideration for enforcement is whether the foreign court was competent to issue the judgment; in other words, whether it had jurisdiction.These two tenets are eminently reasonable. A foreign judgment is after all both a judgment—like a local judgment, and foreign—like a right acquired under a foreign law. The validity of local judgments and of foreign unadjudicated rights depends on jurisdiction: local judgments depend on adjudicatory jurisdiction (often defined in the rules of service); foreign rights—on legislative or prescriptive jurisdiction (the jurisdiction of a system to regulate the situation substantively, as defined in choice-of-law rules). It thus seems appropriate to require jurisdiction of foreign judgments too. Local judgments, once final, are never subject to review, and can be attacked on the grounds that they were obtained by fraud only exceptionally. Rights acquired under a foreign law cannot be refused enforcement because of their substance and are subject only to the public policy exception. It thus seems appropriate to immunise foreign judgments from substantive review too. Foreign judgments—adjudicated rights—are of course different from foreign unadjudicated rights in that they are the product of a process. So, as in the case of local judgments, it should nonetheless be possible, in limited circumstances, to examine whether the process was tainted by fraud. So too, they differ from local judgments in that the process from which they emerge is not a local one; it cannot be relied upon in the same way as locally controlled and institutionalised procedures. It thus seems reasonable that, while prevented from reviewing the substance of a foreign decision, the court should be permitted to require of it a minimal level of procedural justice.

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Coronado Díaz, Javier. "FCPA y TCA: Introduciendo las Presunciones de Adjudicación Final e Investigación Conjunta." Revista de Derecho Uninorte, no. 52 (April 13, 2020): 219–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14482/dere.52.346.

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Gotman, Kélina. "Exceptionalism, Schizophrenia, Artaud: On Judgment." Performance Philosophy 1, no. 1 (April 10, 2015): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.21476/pp.2015.1121.

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Gilles Deleuze posits that judgment is the crowning principle governing tragedy and modern philosophy at the same time (“Pour en finir avec le jugement,” in Critique et Clinique, 1995). Drawing on Antonin Artaud’s final radio play, Pour en finir avec le jugement de dieu [To Be Done with the Judgment of God], Deleuze argues that Artaud, like D.H. Lawrence, Kafka and Nietzsche, suffered from the judgment of others inasmuch as he was individuated; his body was made to have organs – in other words, to suffer a hierarchy between brain, stomach, anus, etc. – even though he saw himself as utterly porous, without differentiation and without hierarchy. Returning to the concept of judgment and to Artaud’s final years, this paper offers a schizoanalytic reading of this tragedy of individuation, to ask whether Artaud’s theatre of cruelty – finally manifest in Pour en finir avec le jugement de dieu – can be read as a performance philosophical act without drama and without philosophy. In other words, it asks whether we might conceive of the pure drama of disindividuation – Artaud’s vision of a porous, horizontal self – eschewing the very philosophical and dramatic acts imputed to it.

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Lebovitz, Sarah, Hila Lifshitz-Assaf, and Natalia Levina. "To Engage or Not to Engage with AI for Critical Judgments: How Professionals Deal with Opacity When Using AI for Medical Diagnosis." Organization Science 33, no. 1 (January 2022): 126–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2021.1549.

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Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies promise to transform how professionals conduct knowledge work by augmenting their capabilities for making professional judgments. We know little, however, about how human-AI augmentation takes place in practice. Yet, gaining this understanding is particularly important when professionals use AI tools to form judgments on critical decisions. We conducted an in-depth field study in a major U.S. hospital where AI tools were used in three departments by diagnostic radiologists making breast cancer, lung cancer, and bone age determinations. The study illustrates the hindering effects of opacity that professionals experienced when using AI tools and explores how these professionals grappled with it in practice. In all three departments, this opacity resulted in professionals experiencing increased uncertainty because AI tool results often diverged from their initial judgment without providing underlying reasoning. Only in one department (of the three) did professionals consistently incorporate AI results into their final judgments, achieving what we call engaged augmentation. These professionals invested in AI interrogation practices—practices enacted by human experts to relate their own knowledge claims to AI knowledge claims. Professionals in the other two departments did not enact such practices and did not incorporate AI inputs into their final decisions, which we call unengaged “augmentation.” Our study unpacks the challenges involved in augmenting professional judgment with powerful, yet opaque, technologies and contributes to literature on AI adoption in knowledge work.

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Meyer, Yolandi, and Willem H. Gravet. "Juliana v United States of America: The Final Frontier for Climate Litigation in America?" International and Comparative Law Review 20, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/iclr-2020-0001.

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Summary This article analyses the protracted climate change case of Juliana v United States of America. We consider the history of the case as well as the most recent judgment of the Federal Court of Appeals, which seems to be the final judgment in this case as it is not foreseen that the case will be appealed with any success. The Juliana case provided hope for many people in the United States that the case would be able to succeed and possibly alter climate change policy in the country. Although the latest judgment will be disappointing to climate change activists and those affected by climate change, we agree with the ruling of the majority opinion in the Court of Appeals case and believe that it is a sound legal decision despite its general disapprobation.

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Mistry, Hemi. "The International Court of Justice’s Judgment in the Final BalkansGenocide ConventionCase." Human Rights Law Review 16, no. 2 (April 11, 2016): 357–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hrlr/ngw003.

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Duncombe, Matthew. "Thought as Internal Speech in Plato and Aristotle." History of Philosophy and Logical Analysis 19, no. 1 (April 5, 2016): 105–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/26664275-01901008.

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Scholars often assert that Plato and Aristotle share the view that discursive thought (dianoia) is internal speech (TIS). However, there has been little work to clarify or substantiate this reading. In this paper I show Plato and Aristotle share some core commitments about the relationship of thought and speech, but cash out TIS in different ways. Plato and Aristotle both hold that discursive thinking is a process that moves from a set of doxastic states to a final doxastic state. The resulting judgments (doxai) can be true or false. Norms govern these final judgments and, in virtue of that, they govern the process that arrives at those judgments. The principal norm is consistency. However, the philosophers differ on the source of this norm. For Plato, persuasiveness and accuracy ground non-contradiction because internal speech is dialogical. For Aristotle, the Principle of Non-Contradiction grounds a Doxastic Thesis (DT) that no judgment can contradict itself. For Aristotle, metaphysics grounds non-contradiction because internal speech is monological.

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Galindo Ayala, Cossette. "El rigor y la gloria: el Juicio Final y su repercusión en la modernidad." Medievalia 53, no. 2 (December 12, 2021): 53–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.19130/medievalia.2021.53.2.67983.

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This work presents a historical journey on the doctrine of the Last Judgment, starting from its antecedents in ancient Judaism, its rise in the millennial ideology of the Middle Ages, until reaching certain perspectives of its repercussion in Modernity. The Final Judgment forms a doctrine that combines the image of God as a rigorous judge who executes the Law, applying the punishments or prizes related to the works carried out in life, with the vision of a glorious king who will manifest his messianic kingdom in which the human beings will be saved by grace of divine intervention.

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Cogan, Jacob Katz. "The 2009 Judicial Activity of the International Court of Justice." American Journal of International Law 104, no. 4 (October 2010): 605–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5305/amerjintelaw.104.4.0605.

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The International Court of Justice issued three judgments in 2009: a final decision, of January 19, in Request for an Interpretation of the Judgment of 31 March 2004 in the Case Concerning Avena and Other Mexican Nationals (Mexico v. United States of America) (Mexico v. United States); a final decision on the merits, of February 3, in Maritime Delimitation in the Black Sea (Romania v. Ukraine); and a final decision on the merits, of July 13, in Dispute Regarding Navigational and Related Rights (Costa Rica v. Nicaragua). In addition, the Court, on May 28, rejected a request by Belgium for the indication of provisional measures directed at Senegal in Questions Relating to the Obligation to Prosecute or Extradite (Belgium v. Senegal). The Court also issued orders fixing the time limits in several other pending cases.

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Sztranyiczki, Szilárd. "A Few Considerations with Regard to the Case-Law of the ECHR in Connection to the Enforcement of Final Judgements in the Matter of Land Resources." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae Legal Studies 8, no. 1 (June 20, 2019): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.47745/ausleg.2019.8.1.07.

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The case-law of the ECHR, but also national jurisprudence, clearly states that each state must enforce a final and binding court decision in the matter of land ownership within a reasonable time in order for there to be an effective remedy and a just and equitable satisfaction, avoiding a sanction for the violation of Art. 6 of the Convention. In accordance with the case-law of the ECHR, the present study shows that the right to a court would be illusory if the legal order were to allow for a final court ruling to impair the litigant’s right to enforcement of the judgment. In accordance with the case-law of the ECHR, the enforcing of a judicial decision must be viewed as part of the lawsuit, and an unreasonably long delay in the enforcement of a binding judgment may breach the Convention. I have reached the conclusion that a person who has obtained a final and binding judgment against the State may not be expected to bring separate enforcement proceedings at the end of legal proceedings. In such instances, State authorities carry the burden to ensure compliance with a judgment against the State.

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Oba, Marina K., Guido A. Marañón-Vásquez, Fábio L. Romano, and Christiano Oliveira-Santos. "Additional intraoral radiographs may change the judgment regarding the final position of orthodontic mini-implants." Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 23, no. 2 (April 2018): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2177-6709.23.2.054-061.oar.

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ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to assess if additional vertical bitewing (VBW) and/or occlusal (OC) radiographs may change initial judgment based only on periapical radiograph (PAR) about the final position of orthodontic mini-implants (OMI). Methods: Subjective and objective analyses were performed. Radiographic images of 26 OMI were divided into four groups: PAR, PAR+VBW, PAR+OC and ALL (PAR+VBW+OC). For subjective analysis, five observers were asked to assess if the position of OMI was favorable to its success, using questionnaires with a four-point scale for responses: 1= definitely not favorable, 2= probably not favorable, 3= probably favorable, or 4= definitely favorable. Each group containing sets of images was presented to them in four different viewing sessions. Objective evaluation compared horizontal distances between OMI tip and the root nearest to the device in PAR and VBW. Results: Most of observers (3 out of 5) changed their initial judgment based on PAR about OMI position when additional radiographs were analyzed. Differences between groups (i.e. PAR vs. PAR+VBW; PAR vs. PAR+OC; and, PARvs.ALL) were statistically significant for these observers. For those that changed their judgment about OMI position, confidence level could significantly increase, decrease or even be maintained, not indicating a pattern. There was no agreement for distances between OMI tip and the root nearest to the device in PAR and VBW. Conclusion: Considering the limitations of the study, it is concluded that additional radiographic images may change the judgement about OMI final position without necessarily increasing the degree of certainty of such judgment.

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SLAVEYKOVA-RUKOVA, MILENA. "Der Einfluss der Entscheidungen des Europäischen Gerichtshofes für Menschenrechte auf Normbildende und Rechtssprechungspraxis." Право України, no. 2019/04 (2019): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.33498/louu-2019-04-104.

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The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) plays a crucial role in the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms of individuals. The goal of this Court is to resolve complaints in which these individuals allege that the State of their citizenship fails to perform the obligations arising from the provisions of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms of 1950 (the Convention). The ECtHR assesses the reasonableness of the term for “final” resolution of a legal conflict, and includes therein the time needed to implement the judgment. Currently, excessively long periods needed to implement the judgments which award payments of certain amounts to plaintiffs at the expense of budgetary funds is still a sensitive issue for Bulgaria as well as for Ukraine. As a respective confirmation of such a situation for Ukraine, the author mentions ECtHR’s judgment passed in 2017 in the case of Burmych and Others v. Ukraine, which actually determined the fate of 12,148 applications filed to the Court by Ukrainian citizens who complained of the violation of their right to a fair trial because of the failure to implement final judgments passed by national courts. The purpose of the article is to determine the impact of ECtHR’s judgments on the rulemaking and practice of national courts. The experience of Bulgaria is taken as the object of study. The author analyzes two pilot ECtHR judgments which found that Bulgarian courts breached the requirements of Art. 6, § 1 of the Convention. After these judgments became final, the Bulgarian Parliament amended the laws “On the Judiciary” and “On the Liability of the State and Communities for Damage Caused” to incorporate the provisions which are aimed at avoiding any future violations similar to those found by ECtHR. The author studies these legislative changes and the practice of their application with the aim of illustrating that ECtHR judgments have an efficient impact on the improvement of national legal rules. In summary, the author maintains that the mechanisms of compensation described in the article – the administrative one (after amendments to the Law “On the Judiciary”) and the judicial one (after amendments to the Law “On Liability of the State and Communities for Damage Caused”) precisely meet the ECHR criteria.

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김경식. "The New Perspective on Paul and the Final Judgment According to Works." Korean Evangelical New Testament Sudies 9, no. 3 (September 2010): 409–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24229/kents.2010.9.3.002.

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CRANSTON, SIR ROSS. "FINAL JUDGMENT. THE LAST LAW LORDS AND THE SUPREME COURTby ALAN PATERSON." Journal of Law and Society 41, no. 4 (November 27, 2014): 652–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6478.2014.00690.x.

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Rubin, Paul H., and Hashem Dezhbakhsh. "Costs of delay and rent-seeking under the modification of final judgment." Managerial and Decision Economics 16, no. 4 (July 1995): 385–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mde.4090160410.

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Cordewener, Axel. "Cross-Border Loss Compensation and EU Fundamental Freedoms: The Final Losses Doctrine Is Still Alive!" EC Tax Review 27, Issue 5 (September 1, 2018): 230–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ecta2018025.

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In a recent judgment the Grand Chamber of Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has given new impetus to its case law on the impact of the fundamental freedoms of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) on domestic tax systems as regards the cross-border relief of ‘final losses’ suffered abroad. The present contribution looks into the different phases of development of the relevant CJEU decisions and submits a first evaluation of the new judgment and its potential consequences.

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BAKER, WENDY. "Effects of age and experience on the production of English word-final stops by Korean speakers." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 13, no. 3 (January 27, 2010): 263–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136672890999006x.

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This study examined the effect of second language (L2) age of acquisition and amount of experience on the production of word-final stop consonant voicing by adult native Korean learners of English. Thirty learners, who differed in amount of L2 experience and age of L2 exposure, and 10 native English speakers produced 8 English monosyllabic words ending in voiced and voiceless stops. These productions were presented to 10 English listeners for perceptual judgment and subjected to acoustic analyses to determine how well learners produced vowel duration and closure (stop gap) duration, two cues to stop consonant voicing. Results revealed that even learners with 10 years of L2 experience did not always produce stop consonant voicing accurately, that learners' age of acquisition influenced their production of both cues, that vowel duration was easier to learn than closure duration, and that English listeners used both these cues in their judgments of production accuracy.

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Cantante, Inês. "Deteção de bias num acórdão jurídico." Redis: Revista De Estudos Do Discurso 9 (2020): 43–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21747/21833958/red9a2.

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The present work analyses a legal judgment, with the aim of assessing if, in it, there are marks of its authors’ subjectivity (a collective of judges). We intend, therefore, to verify if the judges responsible for the judgment leave traces of their position, especially in the reasoning part, which is constituted by the arguments of the judges to justify their final decision - note that legal judgments are a part of the legal discourse (free of subjectivity). For that, the judgement will be analyzed according to five categories, which represent linguistic mechanisms to express subjective language: polyphony; polyphonic negation; intensifiers and minimizers; expressions with (positive or negative) semantic polarity and, finally, expressions with modal values. The results obtained al- low us to state that, even though they are not always completely explicit, these mechanisms are used to convey the opinions of the collective of judges, whose position goes in the direction of excusing the offender, while disbelieving the voice of the victim.

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Silva, Claudia Fidalgo da. "Teologia moral." Estudos Kantianos [EK] 7, no. 2 (January 14, 2020): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.36311/2318-0501.2019.v7n2.09.p99.

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Kant’s doctrine of moral theology is mainly explored, though not exclusively, in the “Doctrine of the method” in the Critique of Judgment, concerning the faculty of teleological judgment. This doctrine is closely related to his concept of final end <Endweck>. According to Kant, only the human being is considered final end, an “end that requires no other end as a condition of its possibility” (KU, §84, AA 05: 396). In order to things can exist in conformity with this end, Kant introduces in this context the admission, not only of an intelligent being as the author of the world, but also a moral being who is both regent and moral legislator. Many questions have arisen in the contemporary debate on these topics, such as the parallelism between Kant’s approach of the final end in the second part of the Critique of Judgment and Religion, the collective character of the concepts of God and highest good, the relationship between the concept of final end - related to the concepts of moral world, kingdom of ends, ethical community – and political community, or the questions that arise from the cosmopolitan conception of the human nature. Recebido / Received: 17.11.2019.Aprovado / Approved: 2.12.2019.

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Sleeth-Keppler, David. "Seeing the World in Black and White." Psychological Science 18, no. 9 (September 2007): 768–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01976.x.

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Three experiments examined the notion that rudimentary perceptual experiences can serve as powerful guides to judgments under uncertainty. The results show that exposure to certain perceptual contrast patterns can influence the direction of bias without conscious awareness. In Experiment 1a, perception of alternating black and white squares, which served as orientation markers in a lexical decision task, resulted in a reduction of the well-known anchoring bias. Similar results were obtained when alternating high- and low-pitch tones were the orientation markers (Experiment 1b). Results of a final experiment provide evidence that perceptual contrast experiences can affect judgment-relevant representations across modalities.

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Chung, Benny, and Thomas Yeon. "Xiamen Xinjingdi Group Co Ltd v Eton Properties Limited: clarifying the steps and issues to consider when lodging a trust claim in cross-border disputes." Trusts & Trustees 27, no. 3 (March 12, 2021): 248–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tandt/ttab005.

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Abstract Xiamen Xinjingdi Group Co Ltd v Eton Properties Limited is a recent Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal judgment which concerns a very complex commercial dispute and covers multiple areas of law. In this article, we will focus on Lord Sumption NPJ’s analysis of the trust claims and evaluate the judgment as well as its potential implications. We argue that while this judgment has helpfully clarified the law in relation to trust claims with a cross-border context, the legal reasoning and conclusions reached therein cannot be said to be free of errors.

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김경식. "Final Judgment According to Works and Assurance of Salvation in the New Testament." Korean Evangelical New Testament Sudies 15, no. 1 (March 2016): 88–130. http://dx.doi.org/10.24229/kents.2016.15.1.004.

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Dodd, Tony. "The ‘final judgment’ — Are we to sat in front of the pearly gates?" Education 3-13 21, no. 3 (October 1993): 30–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03004279385200301.

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Culbert, David. "The Heinrich Hoffmann photo archive:Price vs. United States(Final judgment, 19 May 1993)." Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television 13, no. 4 (January 1993): 513–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01439689300260391.

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Li, Bi Qiong, Zhi Tao Hu, and Cheng Liu. "Conceptual Design Program of Drilling Fixture to Create and Evaluation Methods." Applied Mechanics and Materials 127 (October 2011): 130–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.127.130.

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This paper explores conceptual design of drilling fixture based on the functional layer analysis, the fuzzy judgment algorithm is introduced from the initial solution of principle to the final optimized design scheme. This paper describes the thoughts and algorithm of conceptual design of drilling fixture based on fuzzy judgment, this method in many schemes to choose the optimal scheme is feasible.

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Luippold, Benjamin L., and Thomas E. Kida. "The Impact of Initial Information Ambiguity on the Accuracy of Analytical Review Judgments." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 31, no. 2 (May 1, 2012): 113–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-10259.

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SUMMARY Analytical procedures require that auditors develop and test hypotheses about possible fluctuations in a firm's financial data. Research in psychology suggests that the initial information ambiguity that exists prior to hypothesis generation may affect not only the initial hypothesis set, but also final judgment accuracy. We argue in this paper that information ambiguity can be caused by two primary variables, data sufficiency and data complexity, and examine how these variables affect judgment accuracy during analytical review. Ninety-four staff auditors completed analytical procedures for a company with an error seeded into its financial statements. Information ambiguity was varied across three levels by manipulating both the sufficiency and complexity of the data (insufficient/complex, sufficient/complex, and sufficient/not complex). Participants generated hypotheses that might explain the observed fluctuations in the data, then received a comprehensive financial data set (that was identical for all groups) and were asked to identify the cause of the fluctuations. The results indicate that when auditors are initially exposed to more ambiguous information (either due to its insufficiency or complexity), they are less likely to ultimately identify the error causing the fluctuations, even though they have access to the same unambiguous information set prior to making their final judgments. Implications of these results for audit research and practice are discussed. Data Availability: Contact the authors.

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Stratton, Kimberly. "The Eschatological Arena: Reinscribing Roman Violence in Fantasies of the End Times." Biblical Interpretation 17, no. 1-2 (2009): 45–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156851508x383386.

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AbstractEschatological fantasies of divine judgment and retribution constitute a common feature of sacred literature and often serve to legitimate violence, both physical and rhetorical, against others. This paper examines allusions to Roman spectacles of violence—which operated part and parcel of imperialist strategies to dominate and intimidate subject populations—in descriptions of final judgment. It argues that these references constitute forms of colonial mimicry, which ambivalently appropriate Roman symbols of power for their own self fashioning. This process, however, is not uniform, but serves different purposes and strategies in different texts and contexts. This article explores examples of such mimicry and asks what it means for visions of the final judgment to reinscribe the very methods of domination that these fantasies seek to displace. Additionally, it considers the role of voyeurism implicit in public disciplinary displays and the implications that imagining eschatological justice as a blood spectacle has for theological conceptions of divine surveillance and control.

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Bacigalupo, Giuliano. "Towards a New Brentanian Theory of Judgment." Grazer Philosophische Studien 95, no. 2 (May 2, 2018): 245–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18756735-000039.

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In the last few decades, the interest in Brentano’s philosophical psychology, especially in his theory of judgment, has been steadily growing. What, however, has remained relatively unexplored are the modifications that have been introduced over the years into this theory by Brentano himself and by his student Anton Marty. These amendments constitute the focus of the present paper. As will be argued, only by making such changes can the weaknesses of the first formulation of the theory be overcome. Moreover, as the final section of the paper attempts to show, these modifications may even trigger further steps towards what we might label a new Brentanian theory of judgment.

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Journal articles on the topic '"final judgment"'

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