Relevant bibliographies by topics / Final solidification

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Final solidification'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Final solidification"

1

Zhao, Guang-Di, Lian-Xu Yu, Feng Qi, Fang Liu, Wen-Ru Sun, and Zhuang-Qi Hu. "The Minor Precipitation at the Final Stage of U720Li Solidification." Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters) 29, no. 6 (2016): 518–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40195-016-0414-1.

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Bjerre, Mathias Karsten, Mohammed Azeem, Peter D. Lee, Jesper Henri Hattel, and Niels Skat Tiedje. "Revisiting Models for Spheroidal Graphite Growth." Materials Science Forum 925 (June 2018): 118–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.925.118.

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Recent experiments resolved nucleation and growth of graphite during solidification of ductile cast iron in 4D using synchrotron X-ray tomography. A numerical model for microstructure formation during solidification is compared with the experiments. Despite very good overall agreement between observations of spheroidal graphite growth and model results, significant deviations exist towards the end of solidification. We use the experimental observations to analyse the relation between graphite growth rate and the state of the particle neighbourhood to pinpoint possible links between growth rate of individual graphite spheres and the overall solidification state. With this insight we revisit existing models for growth of spheroidal graphite and discuss possible modifications in order to correctly describe the critical final stage of solidification.
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Zhong, Guo Rong, and Qiu Ming Gao. "Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Solidification of Liquid Nickel Nanowires." Solid State Phenomena 121-123 (March 2007): 1053–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.121-123.1053.

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Molecular dynamics simulation of the solidification behavior of liquid nickel nanowires has been carried out based on the embedded atom potential with different cooling rates. The nanowires constructed with a face-centered cubic structure and a one-dimensional (1D) periodical boundary condition along the wire axis direction. It is found that the final structure of Ni nanowires strongly depend on the cooling rates during solidification from liquid. With decreasing cooling rates the final structure of the nanowires varies from amorphous to crystalline via helical multi-shelled structure.
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Jiang, Dongbin, and Miaoyong Zhu. "Flow and Solidification in Billet Continuous Casting Machine with Dual Electromagnetic Stirrings of Mold and the Final Solidification." steel research international 86, no. 9 (2014): 993–1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/srin.201400281.

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Criscione, A., I. V. Roisman, S. Jakirlić, and C. Tropea. "Towards modelling of initial and final stages of supercooled water solidification." International Journal of Thermal Sciences 92 (June 2015): 150–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2015.01.021.

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Zhang, Qing Jun, Chun Liang Yan, Zhi Min Cui, and Yao Guang Wu. "Dendrite Grow up Relations with Cooling Speed." Advanced Materials Research 750-752 (August 2013): 473–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.750-752.473.

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Using confocal laser microscope with an infrared heater for 45 steel under different rate of solidification dendrite formation in the process of in situ observation, in the melt solidification phase has different cooling rate the cooling of dendrite formation, analysis of cooling rate on final solidified structure. Results show that with the reduction of temperature in the solidification process dendrite growth continuously, new nuclear has been formed, with the speeding up of the cooling rate, the dendritic structure refinement.
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Gu, Jun, Pei Zhong, Wenzheng Qin, Haoya Liu, Lifei Dong, and Yijun Yang. "Kinetic Models of Integrated Solidification and Cementation of Cementformation Interface with New Method." Open Chemical Engineering Journal 7, no. 1 (2013): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874123101307010009.

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The isolation failure of cement-formation interface is an important and urgent problem in oil production, while an effective way to solve it is to realize the integrated solidification and cementation of cement-formation interface (ISCCFI). In order to study the kinetics of ISCCFI with MTA (Mud Cake to Agglomerated Cake) method, the Diamond Differential Scanning Calorimetry Analyzer is adopted for experiments with dynamic method and isothermal method. The results show that there is a linear relationship between the solidification reaction temperature and the heating rate of ISCCFI with MTA method. For the first exothermic peak, the initial temperature, peak tip temperature and final temperature are 53 °C, 69 °C and 83 °C respectively, and the apparent activation energy of solidification reaction is 44.39×10-3 kJ.;mol-1, the natural logarithm of preexponential factor is 7.26, the solidification reaction order is 0.88. For the second exothermic peak, the initial temperature, peak tip temperature and final temperature are 83 °C, 92 °C and 114 °C respectively, and the apparent activation energy of solidification reaction is 99.14×10-3 kJ.;mol-1, the natural logarithm of preexponential factor is 24.77, the solidification reaction order is 0.94. The maximum solidification reaction rates at 50 °C, 75 °C and 90 °C are 0.09×10-3 s-1, 0.27×10-3 s-1 and 0.51×10-3 s-1 respectively. The kinetic models of ISCCFI with MTA method under different temperatures are established. It provides a theoretical and technical support for the isolation improvement of cement-formation interface.
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Martynov, Konstantin V., Elena V. Zakharova, Sergey V. Stefanovsky, and Boris F. Myasoedov. "The effect of phosphate melt cooling rate on phase composition and leach resistance of final waste form." MRS Advances 3, no. 20 (2017): 1085–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2017.616.

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ABSTRACTSlow cooling of phosphate melt at liquid nuclear waste solidification yields glass-crystalline material. Partial crystallization during melt solidification results in elemental partitioning among crystalline phase and glass: Al, Cr, Fe are concentrated in the crystalline phosphate phase while Ca, Ni, La, U enter predominantly in the residual glass. Glass dissolution rate and leach rate of La and U as rare earth and actinide surrogates depends strongly on the glass composition, for example reduction of Al2O3 content in the glass to ∼10-12 wt.% increases leachability by three orders of magnitude as compared to the glass with specified composition (∼18-22 wt.% Al2O3).
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MANSUTTI, D., F. BALDONI, and K. R. RAJAGOPAL. "ON THE INFLUENCE OF THE DEFORMATION OF THE FORMING SOLID IN THE SOLIDIFICATION OF A SEMI-INFINITE WATER LAYER OF FLUID." Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 11, no. 02 (2001): 367–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218202501000891.

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We use a framework that takes into account the effects of deformation of both the solid and fluid in the solidification process, to study the solidification of a semi-infinite layer of fluid. It is shown that the time required for solidification, and the final location of the interface are significantly different form the predictions of the classical Stefan problem. A detailed numerical solution of the initial-boundary value problem is provided for a variety of values for non-dimensional parameters relevant for freezing water.
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Wu, Dongsheng, Zhenping Ji, Jian Yang, Hongwei Gao, Jiahui Yu, and Zhaojie Ju. "Coordinated Optimal Control of Secondary Cooling and Final Electromagnetic Stirring for Continuous Casting Billets." Journal of Control Science and Engineering 2020 (May 25, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6502028.

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Secondary cooling and final electromagnetic stirring (F-EMS) are both key technologies for continuous casting. These parameters are usually optimized and controlled separately which caused internal quality fluctuations in unsteady conditions. In this paper, a coordinated optimal control strategy based on a multiobjective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm is proposed for the parameter optimization of secondary cooling and F-EMS, which is solved based on multiobjective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm. The solidification and heat transfer model are developed for the computation of billet temperature and the solidification, and the adaptive grid method is used to improve the diversity and robustness of optimal solutions. The secondary cooling water and F-EMS’ stirring current are dynamically controlled based on the optimization results. The results of field trials showed that the maximum carbon segregation and other quality indexes of billets can be improved significantly.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Final solidification"

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XU, TIJIE. "Detection of Final Solidification Due to Variation of Ferrostatic Pressure during Continuous Casting." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-215960.

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This paper presents an investigation on using the variation of ferrostatic pressure exerted by the molten steel in the strand to the support rolls during continuous casting to detect the location of the final solidification. The final solidification point is of high importance for applying soft reduction during continuous casting in order to ensure inner quality and achieve high productivity. The measurement was conducted at one of the casters at SSAB Oxelösund, of which all the support rolls are separately mounted. The project finds that this method shows promising results and can help to narrow down the range of the location due to certain interferences and noises. The ferrostatic pressure decrease during tail-out and the variation of whether a pressure drop exists is the dividing line of full and partial solidification. With the promising results achieved, more effort should be put to further improve the method.
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Books on the topic "Final solidification"

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Regelʹ, L. L. Modeling of detached solidification: Final report. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1996.

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Poorman, Richard M. Space Processing Applications Rocket (SPAR) project: SPAR X final report. Marshall Space Flight Center, 1986.

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Beckermann, Christoph. Transport phenomena during equiaxed solidification of alloys: Final technical report, NCC3-290. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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Flemings, Merton C. Alloy undercooling experiments: Final report. Dept. of Material Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995.

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Smith, Gary Allen. Final report on modifications to the rapid melt/rapid quench and transparent polymer video furnaces for the KC-135. Materials Processing Laboratory, Kenneth E. Johnson Research Center, University of Alabama in Huntsville, 1990.

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Andrews, J. Barry. Final technical report on influence of a magnetic field during directional solidification of MAR-M 246 + Hf superalloy. George C. Marshall Space Flight Center, 1991.

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Li, Ben Q. Final report on numerical study of magnetic damping during unidirectional solidification (NASA grant #: NCC3-435), duration: October 1, 1995 - September 30, 1997. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1997.

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Modelling directional solidification: Final report. Clarkson University, 1990.

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R, Wilcox William, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Modeling of detached solidification: Final report. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1996.

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A, Merrick Roger, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Final technical report on immiscible phase incorporation during directional solidification of hypermonotectics. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Final solidification"

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Jiang, Dongbin, and Miaoyong Zhu. "The Fluid Flow and Solidification Phenomenon in Billet Continuous Casting Process with Mold and Final Electromagnetic Stirrings." In Advances in the Science and Engineering of Casting Solidification. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119093367.ch11.

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Jiang, Dongbin, and Miaoyong Zhu. "The Fluid Flow and Solidification Phenomenon in Billet Continuous Casting Process with Mold and Final Electromagnetic Stirrings." In Advances in the Science and Engineering of Casting Solidification. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48117-3_11.

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Cantor, Brian. "The Scheil Equation." In The Equations of Materials. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198851875.003.0008.

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Many materials are manufactured by solidification, either as a final product by casting, or as an intermediate ingot or bar. The Scheil equation describes the partitioning that takes place during solidification and the resulting spatial redistribution of solute, which makes it difficult to maintain a homogeneous material composition, and which leads to unwanted concentrations of harmful impurities. This chapter explains nucleation and growth processes during solidification, the resulting dendritic, faceted, equiaxed and columnar structures depending on thermal conditions and material type, coupled solidification of two-phase eutectic materials, and typical casting methods and associated structures and defects. Very little is known about Erich Scheil, who worked at the Max Planck Institute in Stuttgart in the mid-20th century.
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Conference papers on the topic "Final solidification"

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Ma, Yuan, and Lili Zheng. "Directional Solidification of Metal Matrix Particulate Composite Materials." In ASME 2005 Summer Heat Transfer Conference collocated with the ASME 2005 Pacific Rim Technical Conference and Exhibition on Integration and Packaging of MEMS, NEMS, and Electronic Systems. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2005-72282.

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Metal matrix particulate composites (MMPCs) are made of a continuous metallic matrix and discontinuous reinforcing particles. An efficient solidification model for MMPCs is developed in this paper. The molten metal is considered as a continuous multi-component medium, while the particles are treated as a discrete Lagrangian entity that exchanges mass, momentum and energy with the melt. The particle entrapment model is developed to determine the possibility of the particles to interact with the interface. The forces acting on particles in front of an advancing solidification interface are quantified for particle engulfment and pushing (PEP), and this model is incorporated into the computational scheme for simulating particle dynamic distributions. The integrated numerical model is applied to Al alloy growth with ZrO2 particle inclusions in the directional solidification. The results show that particle movement and distribution are gready affected by the two-phase liquid flow pattern and intensity. The effect of particle size and solidification velocity on PEP and final particle distribution in the solid matrix are also determined.
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Katagiri, Gen-ichi, Morio Fujisawa, Kazuya Sano, and Norikazu Higashiura. "Study of LPOP Residue on Resin Mineralization and Solidification." In ASME 2010 13th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2010-40112.

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Fuji Electric had developed the low pressure oxygen plasma technology for mild decomposition and mineralization of an organic material such as ion exchange resin. This method is suitable for radioactive spent resin volume/weight reduction and stabilization for final disposal. On this process, the ion-exchange resins are vaporized and decomposed into gas-phase with pyrolysis, and then, they are decomposed and oxidized with low-pressure plasma activity based on oxygen. And this process is achieved under moderate condition for radio active waste. • incinerate temperature: 400–700 deg C; • low-pressure (low-temperature) plasma condition: 10–50 Pa. From the result of this process, named of LPOP(low pressure oxidation process) by the inductively coupled plasma, we have confirmed that the process is applicable for organic fireproof waste including ion-exchange resin, and found that the used resin treatment performance is the same as cold test (using imitate spent resin) [1] [2] [3]. In this paper, the outline of the LPOP technology, and two research results on the possibility of solidification with cement of LPOP residue for geological disposes are reported. (1)Study of the residue chemical form after LPOP process (2)Study of the solidification character with cement.
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Wang, W. B., X. H. Yang, Q. C. Zhang, and T. J. Lu. "Solidification Analysis of Density-Graded Closed-Cell Metallic Foam Under Constant Temperature Boundary Condition." In ASME 2016 5th International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2016-6719.

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In the industrial fabrication processes of density-graded closed-cell metallic foams, it is of great importance to control the solidification immediately after foams are formed so as to obtain the final products with well distributed density-graded pores and less defects. This paper presented an analytical work aiming to predict the solidification front of density-graded metallic foam under constant temperature boundary condition. Numerical simulations based on ideal density-graded circular pores demonstrated good agreement with the analytical solutions. The 2D porous morphology of a real density-graded aluminum foam was further reconstructed with microCT, on the basis of which the propagation of solidification front inside this real density-graded foam was numerically investigated. An equivalent shape factor for this real foam was calculated to provide an insight for the influence of different pore shapes on solidification. Compared with other pores, the solidification speed of elliptical pores (a common pore shape in real foams) is moderate, i.e., slower than circular pores but quicker than triangular pores for same porosity.
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Raessi, Mehdi, and Rajkamal Sendha. "Effects of Heat Transfer on the Spreading and Freezing of Molten Droplets Impinging Onto Textured Surfaces: A Computational Study." In ASME 2012 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2012 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting and the ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2012-58166.

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We present our recent study on spreading and solidification of micro-droplets of alumina impacting onto patterned surfaces textured by micron-size obstacles. We employed an in-house, three-dimensional computational tool that solves the flow and energy equations and takes into account the solidification. We investigated the spreading dynamics, heat transfer, and solidification of the droplets as a function of the height and spacing of the obstacles as well as the impact velocity. The results show that, independent of the obstacle height, the droplet assumes a disk-shape geometry when the obstacles are either packed tightly or are very distanced. The results at intermediate obstacle spacings exhibit the most significant deformations, where the droplet develops long fingers. A quantitative relationship shows the collapse of the final spread diameter of the droplet normalized by the obstacle spacing when plotted against the spacing for different impact velocity as well as the obstacle height.
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Moeini Sedeh, Mahmoud, and J. M. Khodadadi. "Effect of Marangoni Convection on Solidification of Phase Change Materials Infiltrated in Porous Media in Presence of Voids." In ASME 2013 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2013 7th International Conference on Energy Sustainability and the ASME 2013 11th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2013-17316.

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Void formation is encountered in the form of air pockets during preparation of composite thermal energy storage systems, consisting of phase change materials (PCM) infiltrated into a high-conductivity porous structure. The presence of voids within the pores of a porous structure degrades the thermal and phase change behavior of such composites. Recent work devoted to multiphase modeling of the infiltration of PCM in liquid state into porous media and formation of voids showed that among the various contributing driving forces (i.e. gravity, pressure gradient and interfacial forces), the interfacial forces (resulting from surface tension and contact angle) play a significant role at the pore level. Additionally, modeling the solidification and melting of PCM within the pores in presence of a void revealed that there is a temperature gradient along the interface between the PCM and void. Considering the surface tension as the major driving force at the pore level, this temperature gradient is large enough to give rise to a gradient in surface tension that then triggers the Marangoni convection at the interface. Thus, as a convection mechanism, it affects the phase change process as well as the interface shape. Therefore, in this paper, the effects of the Marangoni convection on PCM solidification time and shape of the interface was investigated at the pore level. A numerical approach was employed for solidification of a PCM based on the combination of the Volume-of-fluid (VOF) and enthalpy-porosity methods, including the variation of the surface tension with temperature, i.e. Marangoni effects. A two-dimensional model of a pore was developed based on the average geometric features of the pores in a porous structure with interconnecting pores. Following the grid independence study, the transient simulation of solidification was performed, whereas the PCM within the pore and the air within the void were treated as incompressible liquid and compressible gas, respectively. The liquid density change during the solidification was included to explicate the formation of shrinkage void and its distribution within the pores. The PCM solidification time and shape of the final interface between the PCM and air pocket (representing the amount and distribution of the shrinkage void evolving during the solidification) were extracted and compared between the cases with and without Marangoni convection. For verification purposes, the volume of the predicted infiltration void is in agreement with experimental measurements and the volume of the shrinkage void shows a good agreement with theoretical volume change. The final shape of the interface was justified and turned out to be in agreement with the prevailing Marangoni convection pattern.
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Tatranský, Peter, Milena Pražská, and Dávid Harvan. "Solidification of Spent Ion Exchange Resins Into the SIAL® Matrix at the Dukovany NPP, Czech Republic." In ASME 2013 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2013-96045.

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Based on the decision of the State Office for Nuclear Safety, the Dukovany NPP has been obliged to secure the efficient capacities for the disposal of spent ion exchange resins. Therefore, in September 2010, based on the contract with supplier company AMEC Nuclear Slovakia s.r.o. has begun with pumping and treatment of ion exchange resins from the storage tank 0TW30B02, situated in the auxiliary building. The SIAL® technology, developed in AMEC Nuclear Slovakia, has been used for the solidification purposes. This technology allows an on-site treatment of various special radioactive waste streams (resins, sludge, sludge/resins and borates) at the room temperature. The SIAL® matrix and technology were licensed by the Czech State Office for Nuclear Safety in 2007. On-site treatment and solidification of spent ion exchange resins at Dukovany NPP involves process of resin removal from tank using remotely operated manipulator, resin transportation, resin separation from free water, resin filling into 200 dm3 drums and solidification into SIAL® matrix in 200 dm3 drums using the FIZA S 200 facility. The final product is observed for compressive strength, leachability, radionuclide composition, dose rate, solids and total weight. After meeting the requirements for final disposal and consolidation, the drums are being transported for the final disposal to the Repository at Dukovany site. During the 3 month’s trial operation in 2010, and the normal operation in 2011 and 2012, 189 tons of dewatered resins have been treated into 1960 drums, with total activity higher than 920 GBq. At the end of trial run (2010), 22 tons of dewatered resins were treated into 235 drums. During standard operation approximately 91 tons in 960 drums (2011) and 76 tons in 765 drums (2012) were treated. The weights of resins in the drum ware in the range from 89–106 kg and compressive strength limit (10 MPa) has already been achieved 24 hours after fixation. The final measured strength values ranged from 19.0–34.7 MPa and real leachability values ranged from 0.03–0.65%, far below the 4% limit value. Collective effective dose of all workers in 2012 was 7.7 mSv (12.6 mSv in 2011, 6.2 mSv in 2010). Average individual effective dose in 2012 was 0.55 mSv (14 workers), and maximal individual effective dose was 2.25 mSv. This approach allows fast, safe and cost effective immobilization and transformation of dangerous radioactive waste such as sludge and resins into the solid form, which is suitable for long term storage or disposal.
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Pokhitonov, Yury, Vasiliy Babain, Vladislav Kamachev, and Dennis Kelley. "Russia: Results and Prospects of Liquid Solidification Experiments at ROSATOM Sites." In ASME 2011 14th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2011-59112.

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Ongoing experimental work has been underway at selected nuclear sites in the Russian State Atomic Energy Corporation (ROSATOM) during the past two years to determine the effectiveness, reliability, application and acceptability of high technology polymers for liquid radioactive waste solidification. The long term project is funded by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Initiatives for Proliferation Prevention (IPP) program. IPP was established in 1994 as a non-proliferation program of DOE / National Nuclear Security Administration and receives its funding each year through Congressional appropriation. The objectives of IPP are: • To engage former Soviet nuclear weapons scientists, engineers and technicians, currently or formerly involved with weapons of mass destruction, in peaceful and sustainable commercial activities. • To identify non-military, commercial applications for former Soviet institute technologies through cooperative projects among former Soviet weapons scientists, U.S. national laboratories and U.S. industry. • To create new technology sources and to provide business opportunities for U.S. companies, while offering commercial opportunities and meaningful employment for former weapons scientists. Argonne National Laboratory provides management oversight for this project. More than 60 former weapons scientists are engaged in this project. With the project moving toward its conclusion in 2012, the emphasis is now on expanding the experimental work to include the sub-sites of Seversk (SCC), Zheleznogorsk (MCC) located in Siberia and Gatchyna (KRI) and applying the polymer technology to actual problematic waste streams as well as to evaluate the prospects for new applications, beyond their current use in the nuclear waste treatment field. Work to date includes over the solidification of over 80 waste streams for the purpose of evaluating all aspects of the polymer’s effectiveness with LLW and ILW complex waste. Waste stream compositions include oil, aqueous, acidic and basic solutions with heavy metals, oil sludge, spent extractants, decontamination solutions, salt sludge, TBP and other complex waste streams. Extensive irradiation evaluation (up to 270 million rad), stability and leach studies, evaporation and absorption capacity tests and gas generation experimentation on tri-butyl phosphate (TBP) waste have been examined. The extensive evaluation of the polymer technology by the lead group, V.G. Khlopin Radium Institute, has resulted in significant discussion about its possible use within the ROSATOM network. At present the focus of work is with its application to legacy LLW and ILW waste streams that exist in a variety of sectors that include power plants, research institutes, weapons sites, submarine decommissioning and many others. As is the case in most countries, new waste treatment technologies first must be verified by the waste generator, and secondly, approved for use by the government regulators responsible for final storage. The polymer technology is the first foreign sorbent product to enter Russia for radioactive waste treatment so it must receive ROSATOM certification by undergoing irradiation, fire / safety and health / safety testing. Experimental work to date has validated the effectiveness of the polymer technology and today the project team is evaluating criteria for final acceptance of the waste form by ROSATOM. The paper will illustrate results of the various experiments that include irradiation of actual solidified samples, gas generation of irradiated samples, chemical stability (cesium leach rate) and thermal stability, oil and aqueous waste stream solidification examples, and volume reduction test data that will determine cost benefits to the waste generator. Throughout the course of this work, it is apparent that the polymer technology is selective in nature; however, it can have broad applicability to problematic waste streams. One such application is the separation and selective recovery of trans-plutonium elements and rare earth elements from standard solutions. Another application is the use of polymers at sites where radioactive liquids are accidently emitted from operations, thus causing the risk of environmental contamination.
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Sun, Dawei, S. Ravi Annapragada, Suresh V. Garimella, and Sanjeev Sing. "Solidification Heat Transfer and Base Separation Analysis in the Casting of an Energetic Material in a Projectile." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-80432.

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This paper investigates the problem of base separation in the casting of energetic materials in a projectile. Special challenges that arise in casting high Prandtl number energetic materials in projectiles of complex geometries are addressed. A comprehensive numerical model is developed by integrating finite volume and finite element methods to analyze the thermal and flow fields as well as the residual stresses. The predictions, which are confirmed by experimental measurements, suggest that sustenance of a linear temperature profile along the projectile axis can eliminate base separation, and also reduce residual stresses in the final casting.
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Yoon, Ikroh, and Seungwon Shin. "Numerical Simulation of Multiple Seeds Interaction During Three-Dimensional Dendritic Solidification With Fluid Flow." In ASME 2009 Second International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2009-18129.

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Most material of engineering interest undergoes solidification process from liquid to solid state which governs the microstructure of materials. Identifying the growth characteristic of the microstructure during the solidification process is essential to determine the physical properties of final product. Numerical simulation can provide valuable information during solidification process since heat and mass transfer associated with micro-structural growth of dendrite is in greatly small scale which is almost impossible to obtain by experiments. In real situations, dendrite tends to grow from multiple seeds as well as with external fluid flow. Growth characteristics of the dendrites will be greatly influenced by both external fluid convection and interaction between dendrites. In this paper, three-dimensional numerical simulation of multiple dendritic growth during solidification process with melt fluid convection is presented. The high-order Level Contour Reconstruction Method (LCRM), a hybrid form of Front-Tracking and Level-Set, is used to track the moving liquid-solid interface explicitly and sharp interface technique has been used to implement correct phase changing boundary conditions on the moving interface. To get the indicator function and the interface curvature more efficiently and accurately for three-dimensional simulation, we have generated the distance function directly from the interface. The method is validated by comparing with other numerical technique and showed good agreements. Three-dimensional results showed clear difference compared to two-dimensional simulation on growth behavior, especially with multiple seeds.
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10

Wang, Baoguo, David A. Weitz, and Ho Cheung Shum. "Tunable Morphology of Monodisperse Polymer Particles With Microfluidics." In ASME 2011 9th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2011-58119.

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In this work, we propose a novel method to fabricate polymer particles with controlled morphology in microchannel by solidification of polymer solutions and study the transition in the shape of these particles from spheres, to cups, and to donuts. The non-spherical geometries are achieved through nonuniform diffusion of the solvent, leading to non-uniform solidification. By adjusting the flow rates of both continuous and dispersed phases, the spatial heterogeneity in the solvent diffusion rate and thus the morphology of the final polymer particles can be tuned. This approach offers a one-step continuous process for the fabrication of non-spherical polymer particles. The technique is applicable to different polymers under appropriate polymer-solvent combinations. The ability to tune the shapes of polymer particles easily will create new opportunities for applications that require anisotropic functional particles, such as in biomedical engineering.
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Reports on the topic "Final solidification"

1

URS GREINER INC SACRAMENTO CA. Soil Washing and Solidification/Stabilization Work Implementation Plan - Draft Final. Defense Technical Information Center, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada382995.

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2

Castiglioni, Andrew J., and Artem V. Gelis. Solidification Technologies for Radioactive and Chemical Liquid Waste Treatment - Final CRADA Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1330783.

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3

Hodges, Jr., S. M. Emergency avoidance solidification campaign at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory: Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6056431.

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4

Nakagawa, P. Soil Stabilization/Solidification Grout Mix Design Study for the C-, K-, L-, and P-Reactor Seepage Basins Closure Final Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/799463.

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5

Incropera, F. P. Effect of buoyancy and externally induced forces on the solidification of binary mixtures. Final report, August 1, 1987--July 31, 1997. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/564289.

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