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Journal articles on the topic 'Finance, 1912'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 26 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Matsumoto, Asako K., and Leen P. van Ofwegen. "Replacement Name for Paracis (Cnidaria: Octocorallia: Paramuriceidae) with a Revision and Re-Description of the Japanese Species and Description of Two New Genera and Species from the Indo-Pacific." Taxonomy 3, no. 2 (2023): 250–330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/taxonomy3020018.

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In this paper, the type material of all five Japanese Paracis species (P. ijimai (Kinoshita, 1909), P. miyajimai (Kinoshita, 1909), P. pustulata (Wright and Studer, 1889), P. spinifera (Nutting, 1912), P. squamata (Nutting, 1910)), two Placogorgia species (P. japonica (Nutting, 1912) and P. placoderma (Nutting, 1910)), Pseudothesea foliata Aurivillius, 1931, and the type of the genus Paracis, P. orientalis (Ridley, 1882) are re-examined and re-described. The sclerites of the different species are depicted using scanning electron microscopy. All Japanese Paracis and related species treated here

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2

Vanyukov, Aleksandr I. "The death of P. A. Stolypin in the memoirs of contemporaries: S. Yu. Witte, V. N. Kokovtsov and others." Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philology. Journalism 22, no. 2 (2022): 232–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1817-7115-2022-22-2-232-237.

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The tragic event of September 1, 1911, in Kiev, the death of the Chairman of the Council of Ministers, Minister of Internal Affairs Pyotr Arkadyevich Stolypin, is considered through the lens of the memoirs of his famous contemporaries: the former Minister of Finance, Chairman of the Commitee of Ministers .of the Russian Empire (1903–1906), Count Sergei Yulievich Witte, Minister of Finance, who became Prime Minister after the death of Stolypin; Vladimir Nikolayevich Kokovtsov, historian, leader of the Cadet Party; Pavel Nikolayevich Milyukov and Major General Svita, Moscow Governor (1905–1912),

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3

Zarrow, Peter. "Chinese press accounts of the 1911 Revolution: Seeing ‘revolution’." China Information 25, no. 3 (2011): 233–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0920203x11422767.

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By examining how a particular story of events from October 1911 through to the abdication of the Qing imperial house in February 1912 was constructed, it is possible to suggest the effects of that story both as events unfolded and on subsequent historical consciousness. This article examines the coverage of the revolution in two newspapers, Shenbao, founded in Shanghai in 1872, and Dagongbao, founded in Tianjin in 1902. They were not necessarily representative of the press as a whole, much less public opinion, but they demonstrate different versions of the same essential narrative. The Shenbao

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4

Sinichenko, Vladimir. "Activities of law enforcement agencies of the Russian Empire on the territory of the Republic of China (1912–1917)." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2024, no. 4 (2024): 112–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202404statyi01.

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The article discusses the activities of law enforcement agencies and special services of the Russian Empire - the headquarters of the Trans-Amur District of the Border Guard, the Shanghai residency of the Ministry of Finance and the gendarmerie and police department of the Chinese Eastern Railway on the territory of the Republic of China on the eve and during the First World War. It is concluded that an important component of the task of these units was to counter international criminal communities operating both in Russia and in China.

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5

Sabinina, Anastasia A. "Project of The All-Slavic Art and Industry Exhibition in St. Petersburg: 1902–1912." Vestnik slavianskikh kul’tur [Bulletin of Slavic Cultures] 71 (2024): 225–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.37816/2073-9567-2024-71-225-233.

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The paper examines the All-Slavic Art and Industry Exhibition. Preparations took 10 years: from 1902 to 1912. Using archival materials and early 20th century periodicals, the author analyses the exhibition as part of a global trend toward national and international art exhibitions and as a reflection of the St. Petersburg art scene at the turn of the 20th century, which welcomed contemporary art from various countries: from Germany to Japan. The exhibition was organized by the Petersburg Slavic Benevolent Society, which established a dedicated Exhibition Committee. The committee secured permis

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6

Carland, John M. "Bureaucrats and Imperial Finance: The Colonial Office, the Treasury and the West African Currency Board, 1911‑1914." Historical Papers 17, no. 1 (2006): 53–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/030884ar.

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Résumé Entre 1901 et I9I0, quarante pour cent des pièces de monnaie frappées au Royaume-Uni circulaient dans les pays britanniques de la côte ouest de l'Afrique. Cette situation n'était certes pas vue d'un bon oeil; d'une part, le British Treasury craignait les effets que pourrait avoir une repatriation soudaine de la monnaie alors que, d'autre part, le Colonial Office qui avait la responsabilité de voir au bien-être des colonies, enviait les profits réalisés par le Treasury qui détenait le pouvoir de faire frapper les pièces. Pour remédier au problème et assurer un meilleur contrôle, on insti

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7

Arthaud, Christian. "Nice, pépinière de revues." La Revue des revues N° 70, no. 2 (2023): 18–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rdr.070.0018.

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Même si la notoriété de Nice ne peut être comparée à celle de Marseille avec ses Cahiers du Sud , elle a été néanmoins un foyer dynamique pour de nombreuses revues durant tout le xx e siècle – citons Le Cahier des poètes (1912-1914), Mediterranea (1927-1939) ou Profils poétiques (1941-44 et 1951-59) –, avec un point culminant de créations entre 1970 et 1990 que nous décrivons ici. Pendant ces vingt frénétiques années des écrivains et des artistes (sans doute est-ce une particularité de Nice que de les confondre), seuls ou en groupe, vont tenter l’aventure de la revue, expérience formatrice qui

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8

VERBYTSKA, POLINA. "PECULIARITIES OF WOMEN'S EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS ESTABLISHMENT IN GALICIA ON THE EXAMPLE OF BEREZHANY TEACHER'S SEMINARY." Scientific Issues of Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: pedagogy 1, no. 1 (2021): 192–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.25128/2415-3605.21.1.23.

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The study, based on archival sources and scientific publications, identifies a number of issues related to the history of the formation of women's educational institutions in Galicia in the early twentieth century. Coverage of the peculiarities of the formation and development of women's seminaries for teacher training in Ukraine as a part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the Second Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is considered on the example of the State Women's Teachers' Seminary in Berezhany. It has been found that the introduction of new educational institutions – men's and women's teache

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9

Toan, Vo Phuc. "Efforts of the Vietnamese in finance sector in Cochinchina during the colonial period: the case of Vietnam Bank (Société annamite de crédit)." Science & Technology Development Journal - Social Sciences & Humanities 5, no. 1 (2021): first. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjssh.v5i1.651.

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In feudal society, Vietnamese spent the most care on study Confusim to become courting and agriculture production. Trade and handicrafts were considered secondary in the economic thinking of Vietnamese. When capitalism followed France's conquest path into Vietnam, Vietnamese became a community that adapted slowly to change in the economy. Among difficulties of the reforming thinking and economic activities process, the finance sector was considered the most restrictive field of Vietnamese. In 1912, the Association of Mutual Agriculture was born in Cochinchina became the first experiment of Vie

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10

PHIMISTER, IAN. "Foreign Devils, Finance and Informal Empire: Britain and China c. 1900–1912." Modern Asian Studies 40, no. 3 (2006): 737–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x06002174.

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‘An imperial policy is essentially a commercial policy’(Charles Addis, 1905)‘Look at the way we have swindled the Chinese in the case of the Pekin Syndicate and still worse in the case of the Chinese Engineering and Mining Company’(G.E. Morrison, 1906)

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11

Pociecha, Józef. "Professor Julius F. Leo – Scientist, Municipal Manager, Politician, and His Economic and Political Views." Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica 1, no. 346 (2020): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0208-6018.346.05.

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The subject of the paper is the representation of the life and work of Julius F. Leo, his achievements and scientific opinions in the area of public finance, merits in the field of municipal administration as well as his views and political career. J. F. Leo was one of the outstanding personalities of Cracow in the early 20th century. He was the first President of the Polish Statistical Association founded in Cracow in 1912. He was a prominent lawyer and economist of his time, he worked on problems of public finances as a Professor of tax law and treasury sciences at the Jagiellonian Universit

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12

Fiorito, Luca, and John F. Henry. "John Bates Clark on Trusts: New Light from the Columbia Archives." Journal of the History of Economic Thought 29, no. 2 (2007): 229–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10427710701336016.

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Public concern over the so called “trust problem” in the United States between the end of the nineteenth century and 1914, the year of the passage of the Clayton and Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Acts, was reflected in the considerable contemporary literature on the subject. Not surprisingly, professional economists actively participated in this debate. Their thinking directly and indirectly influenced the legislation of 1914 in a way that cannot be said of the Sherman Act of 1890 (Mayhew 1998). A survey of the most important of these professional writings shows that, among the several voices

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13

Tang, John. "Financial intermediation and late development in Meiji Japan, 1868 to 1912." Financial History Review 20, no. 2 (2013): 111–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0968565013000085.

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Was nineteenth-century Japan an example of finance-led growth? Using a new panel data set of firms from the Meiji period (1868–1912), this article tests whether financial sector development influenced extensive firm activity across industries and locations. Results from a two-stage least squares first difference model suggest that financial intermediation is associated with additional net firm establishment, particularly in light manufacturing sectors like textiles. The overall effect is muted in the latter part of the period and among peripheral regions, which may underscore the respective ro

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14

Afanasev, Alexander L. "The reformist character of the temperance movement in Russia in the “path choice” period in 1907-1914." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, no. 480 (2023): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/15617793/480/11.

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The aim of the article is to prove the author's hypothesis that the vast temperance movement (TM) increased the potential of the reformist development in Russia. The objective is to learn the exact mechanism of its influence on the society. The research methodology includes analysis, synthesis, objectivity, historicism and interdisciplinarity. The sources of the material are: reports and periodicals of temperance societies, papers by the movement participants, notes of the anti-alcohol congresses, articles by administrative bodies, newspapers. The analyzed territory is Russia without Poland an

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15

Szczukocka, Agata. "Kazimierz Władysław Kumaniecki – the initiator of the Polish Statistical Association." Wiadomości Statystyczne. The Polish Statistician 2023, no. 4 (2023): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.59139/ws.2023.04.3.

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Kazimierz Władysław Kumaniecki was a lawyer specialised in administrative and constitutional law and a statistician. He was the initiator and co-founder of the Polish Statistical Association, established in Kraków in 1912. The aim of the paper is to present Kumaniecki’s scientific achievements and organisational activity, focusing on his involvement in public issues, the areas of his scientific interests and his views. Kumaniecki is regarded as one of the creators of the Polish statistical thought. His statistical research, especially in the field of demography, economics, finance and law cont

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16

Mays, Christin, and Andreas Åkerlund. "The Economy of Scandinavian-American Exchange: Donations and Scholarships in the American-Scandinavian Foundation, 1912–1995." Nordic Journal of Educational History 2, no. 1 (2015): 97–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.36368/njedh.v2i1.46.

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The importance of philanthropy for academic exchange cannot be overestimated. Especially in the first half of the twentieth century, scholarships for academic exchange originated from the private sector instead of the state. But what is the relationship between academic exchange and the donations which finance scholarships? How can specific donations and the restrictions placed on them change the flow of exchange? This article investigates donation and scholarship praxis within the American-Scandinavian Foundation (ASF) from 1912–1995, a philanthropic organisation devoted to academic exchange

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17

Tsybenov, Bazar D., Leonid V. Kuras та Victoria E. Tsyrempilova. "Институты публичной власти в политиях маньчжуро-монгольского мира в 1900–1920 гг. (на примере Хулун-Буира)". Oriental studies 16, № 4 (2023): 718–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2023-68-4-718-726.

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Introduction. The paper attempts an insight into how institutions of public government developed in Manchu-Mongolian polities throughout the 1900s–1920s — and focuses on the geopolitically and strategically important Chinese region of Hulunbuir. Goals. The article aims to explore the transformation of power structures in Hulunbuir, reveal some internal contradictions and the split in bureaucratic circles that occurred under the influence of various political forces between 1908 and 1920.To facilitate this, the work shall examine the structure of the Manchu Eight Banner system in the region, an

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18

Muhammad Fauzan, Nur Ahmadi Bi Rahmani, and Nursantri Yanti. "Faith, Trust, and Service: A Socio-Cultural Analysis of Sharia Insurance Quality in Medan." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Raushan Fikr 14, no. 1 (2025): 108–18. https://doi.org/10.24090/jimrf.v14i1.13481.

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The Islamic insurance industry continues to grow in response to increasing public awareness of finance based on Islamic principles. This study evaluates the service quality of the Sharia insurance provider AJB Bumiputera 1912, Medan Branch, using the Servqual method. Servqual assesses the gap between customer expectations and perceptions across five key dimensions: Tangibles, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, and Empathy. Employing a descriptive quantitative approach, data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 104 respondents. The analysis involved validity and reliability

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19

Tishkina, T. V. "The 300th Anniversary of Romanov House: Celebrations in Barnaul and Biysk." Izvestiya of Altai State University, no. 6(128) (December 12, 2022): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2022)6-06.

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The article is devoted to the process of managing and holding celebrations in 1913 on the occasion of the 300th anniversary of Romanov House on the example of the provincial cities of Barnaul and Biysk. The celebration was one of the key events in the prewar life of the Russian Empire. The anniversary date was positioned as an important state-patriotic event. The preparatory work for the upcoming event took several years. Special commissions, which included representatives of local authorities and the public, were established in provincial towns. The author notes that these commissions were en

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20

Dean, Austin. "A Coin for China? The Monetary Standards Debate at the End of the Qing Dynasty, 1900–1912." Modern China 44, no. 6 (2018): 591–619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0097700418766886.

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This article examines debates about monetary standards in the final years of the Qing dynasty. As silver depreciated on the world market, Qing statesmen discussed whether to adopt the gold-exchange standard or to stay on the silver standard. These debates took place on a conceptual and practical level: Should and could the Qing dynasty adopt the gold-exchange standard and what were the economic, political, and symbolic implications of doing so? The article contributes to the history of the late Qing dynasty by focusing on the monetary thought of figures more famous for their other roles: Zhang

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21

Goodman, Roger. "Britain's encounter with Meiji Japan, 1868–1912,." Journal of the Japanese and International Economies 6, no. 3 (1992): 299–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0889-1583(92)90025-y.

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22

Yuliani, Nur Fadny. "SISTEM AKUNTANSI KLAIM HABIS KONTRAK PADA ASURANSI JIWA BERSAMA BUMIPUTERA 1912 CABANG UJUNG TANAH MAKASSAR." INVOICE : JURNAL ILMU AKUNTANSI 2, no. 1 (2020): 102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.26618/inv.v2i1.3190.

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The purpose of this research was to know how accounting system for contract expired claims at AJB Bumiputera 1912 Branch Office of Ujung Tanah Makassar, contraints in the system of accounting for contract expired claims and efforts made to overcome the obstacles faced. The type and design in this study used a descritive qualitative type, namely knowing, explaining and describing the accounting system for contract expired claims in AJB Bumiputera 1912 Branch Office of Ujung Tanah Makassar. The program payment of claims through centralization. Finance Department pays immediately to the bank acco

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23

Stulczewski, Jarosław. "Janina Irmina Izabela Lichońska (1912–1969) – filolog klasyczny i tłumaczka." Biuletyn Szadkowski 11 (December 30, 2011): 137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1643-0700.11.09.

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24

O’Sullivan, Michael. "Pan-Islamic bonds and interest: Ottoman bonds, Red Crescent remittances and the limits of Indian Muslim capital, 1877–1924." Indian Economic & Social History Review 55, no. 2 (2018): 183–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019464618760453.

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This article analyses the Ottoman government’s attempt to encourage Indian Muslims to purchase its treasury bonds during the Balkan Wars in 1912–13. It contrasts this largely unsuccessful scheme with the enormous contributions of Indian Muslims to the parallel campaign to raise relief funds for Ottoman soldiers and refugees. While this latter movement involved the intermittent dispatch of remittances to the Ottoman Ministry of Finance and Red Crescent, the bond drive demanded a multi-year commitment and conjured up a variety of financial and religious dilemmas for Indian Muslim constituencies.

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25

Steinþórsson, Sigurður. "Sigurdur Thorarinsson (1912–1983)." Jökull 62, no. 1 (2012): 3–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33799/jokull2012.62.003o.

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Like the majority of Icelanders of his generation, Sigurður Þórarinsson was born and brought up at a farm, in Vopnafjörður, NE-Iceland. Being a precocious child he was enrolled in the Akureyri Gymnasium from which he matriculated in 1931. Influenced by his natural-science teacher Pálmi Hannesson, he entered the Copenhagen University the following fall to study geology. After one winter in Denmark, however, he transferred to Stockholm to continue his studies, now in geography and botany as well as geology. After receiving his doctoral degree at the University of Stockholm in 1944, he returned t

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26

Petersen, Peter B. "Fighting for a Better Navy: An Attempt at Scientific Management (1905-1912)." Journal of Management 16, no. 1 (1990): 151–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014920639001600111.

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27

Sandoval, Eluzai Dinai Pinto, Wlodzimierz Jędrzejewski, Jesús Molinari, et al. "Description of Bisbalus, a New Genus for the Gray Brocket, Mazama cita Osgood, 1912 (Mammalia, Cervidae), as a Step to Solve the Neotropical Deer Puzzle." Taxonomy 4, no. 1 (2024): 10–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/taxonomy4010002.

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The Neotropical deer genus Mazama is characterized by homoplastic morphological characters, a high karyotypic diversity, and a polyphyletic condition. The species of the genus have been recovered into two multigeneric lineages, the subtribes Odocoileina and Blastocerina, of the tribe Odocoileini (New World deer) in the family Cervidae. Within the Blastocerina, gray brockets include two non-sister species, Subulo gouazoubira, occurring south of the Amazon region, and Passalites nemorivagus, occurring in the Guianas and in the Amazon region. We clarify the taxonomic status and phylogenetic posit

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28

García, Juan Hugo Sánches. "Seeking an hygienic city: public works and urban development. Guadalajara, México, 1890-1912." Revista Brasileira de História & Ciências Sociais 14, no. 28 (2022): 125–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/rbhcs.v14i28.14177.

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El artículo estudia el papel del ayuntamiento de la ciudad de Guadalajara en los esfuerzos por crear una ciudad higiénica a finales del siglo XIX. Se analizan dos obras públicas de infraestructura sanitaria: el suministro de agua potable y alcantarillado por una parte y el embovedado del río de San Juan de Dios, por la otra. Con base en fuentes municipales y estatales es posible afirmar que los gobiernos locales fueron clave en la administración de los servicios públicos modernos.

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29

Furner, James. "Carl Schmitt’s ‘Hegel and Marx’." Historical Materialism 22, no. 3-4 (2014): 371–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1569206x-12341339.

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Carl Schmitt’s radio broadcast ‘Hegel and Marx’, aired on 13 November 1931, and newly translated here, recapitulates the account of Marxism that Schmitt started to develop in the 1920s. Beginning from Schmitt’s early theory of adjudication inLaw and Judgement(1912), the concepts of decision, representation and the friend/enemy distinction are analysed, connected, and shown to structure Schmitt’s critique of Marxism, both in the broadcast, and in his other writings during this period. Some concluding remarks are offered on the substantive issues Schmitt’s critique raises for Marx’s political th

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30

dr. and dr. "Student Well-being Factors: A Multilevel Analysis of PISA 2015 International Data." EUROPEAN RESEARCH STUDIES JOURNAL XXIII, Issue 4 (2020): 1312–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.35808/ersj/1912.

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31

Suzumura, Kotaro. "Shigeto Tsuru (1912 – 2006): Life, work and legacy." European Journal of the History of Economic Thought 13, no. 4 (2006): 613–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09672560601040794.

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Aguilar, Morelos Torres. "Enfermedad e Higiene en la Ciudad de México (1912-1920): miradas desde la prensa durante la Revolución Mexicana." Revista Brasileira de História & Ciências Sociais 14, no. 28 (2022): 154–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/rbhcs.v14i28.14169.

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El artículo pretende resaltar en forma escueta las principales enfermedades que afectaron a los habitantes de la ciudad de México entre 1912 y 1920. Además, se propone mostrar cómo estos problemas generaron una amplia respuesta por parte de los médicos y los higienistas de la época, consistente tanto en medidas prácticas -por ejemplo, campañas y brigadas-, como en actividades de divulgación -tales como cursos, charlas y conferencias-, las cuales procuraban generar hábitos higiénicos y una conciencia de prevención de la enfermedad entre la población. Y, por último, desde un enfoque metodológico

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33

Bogart, Dan, and Latika Chaudhary. "Regulation, Ownership, and Costs: A Historical Perspective from Indian Railways." American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 4, no. 1 (2012): 28–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pol.4.1.28.

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This paper studies the relationship between operational costs and state ownership in Indian railways between 1874 and 1912. We find the move to state ownership significantly decreased working expenses. The cost declines are not driven by anticipation effects, changes in reporting standards, or long run trends. Rather, the evidence suggests the colonial Government of India reduced operational costs by cutting labor costs. Our surprising results can be explained by the undemocratic colonial nature of the Government of India, a fiscal system heavily reliant on railways for revenues, and a regulat

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34

Stray, Christopher. "‘Patriots and Professors’: A Century of Roman Studies, 1910–2010." Britannia 41 (July 5, 2010): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068113x10000024.

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ABSTRACTThis essay offers a survey of the history of the Roman Society during the 100 years since its foundation in 1910. It discusses relations with other classical bodies, especially the Hellenic Society and the Classical Association; the Society's fragile finances until the 1950s; and the key role played over several decades by its Secretary, Margerie Taylor. Separate sections deal with the Society's library; its journals, the Journal of Roman Studies (1911) and Britannia (1970); membership and finance; and relations with schools, amateur archaeologists and the University of London, whose I

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Stray, Christopher. "‘Patriots and Professors’: A Century of Roman Studies, 1910–2010." Journal of Roman Studies 100 (June 1, 2010): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0075435810000018.

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ABSTRACTThis essay offers a survey of the history of the Roman Society during the 100 years since its foundation in 1910. It discusses relations with other classical bodies, especially the Hellenic Society and the Classical Association; the Society's fragile finances until the 1950s; and the key role played over several decades by its Secretary, Margerie Taylor. Separate sections deal with the Society's library; its journals, the Journal of Roman Studies (1911) and Britannia (1970); membership and finance; and relations with schools, amateur archaeologists and the University of London, whose I

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36

Wait, Charles, Tafadzwa Ruzive, and Pierre le Roux. "The Influence of Financial Market Development on Economic Growth in BRICS Countries." International Journal of Management and Economics 53, no. 1 (2017): 7–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijme-2017-0002.

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Abstract The debate about the influence of financial market development on economic growth has been ongoing for more than a century. Since Schumpeter [1912] wrote about the happenings on Lombard Street there has been growing interest in the way financial market development affects economic activity and growth. As development issues have deepened, inquiry into the finance-growth nexus has also grown, with recent research focusing on various aspects of financial crisis and developments in the BRICS economies. This study investigates the influence of financial market development on the higher gro

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37

Bogart, Dan, and Latika Chaudhary. "Engines of Growth: The Productivity Advance of Indian Railways, 1874–1912." Journal of Economic History 73, no. 2 (2013): 339–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050713000296.

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Railways were integral to the development of the Indian economy before World War I. This article presents new estimates of total factor productivity (TFP) for railways from 1874 to 1912, which highlight the strong performance of this key industrial sector. Railway-industry TFP growth was substantial averaging 2.3 percent per year and generating a 2.7 percent social savings for the Indian economy. A combination of factors contributed to TFP growth including greater capacity utilization, technological change, and improvements in organization and governance. Railways had higher TFP growth than mo

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Aldrich, Mark. "Running Out of Steam: Federal Inspection and Locomotive Safety, 1912–1940." Journal of Economic History 67, no. 4 (2007): 884–916. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050707000435.

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Locomotive inspection was among the most important Progressive Era federal workplace regulations. Inspection rules were enforced by a new Bureau of Locomotive Inspection, which claimed credit for subsequent safety improvements. Relying on published and unpublished data this article assesses these claims. Literary sources suggest that the bureau achieved compliance by emphasizing regulatory benefits and that its activities sharply reduced locomotive defects through the 1920s, in part by reducing agency problems. A model for 1923–1932 reinforces this conclusion, but suggests that the safety gain

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Vaihekoski, Mika. "Revisiting Stock Market Index for the Helsinki Stock Exchange 1912–1981." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 17, no. 3 (2024): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm17030090.

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Stock market indices play a central role in portfolio and risk management and performance evaluation, as well as academic research. This paper presents a fully updated and extended stock market index for the Finnish stock market using new and updated historical databases that cover the period from the establishment of the Helsinki Stock Exchange in October 1912 to the end of 1981. In addition to the all-share market index, four industry indices are presented for the first time. The observed geometric mean market return is 1.034 percent per month (13.14% p.a.). Of the industry indices, the bank

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Van Dijk, Ingrid K., and Kees Mandemakers. "Like Mother, Like Daughter. Intergenerational Transmission of Infant Mortality Clustering in Zeeland, the Netherlands, 1833-1912." Historical Life Course Studies 7 (February 9, 2018): 28–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.51964/hlcs9286.

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The burden of infant mortality is not shared equally by all families, but clusters in high risk families. As yet, it remains unclear why some families experience more infant deaths than other families. Earlier research has shown that the risk of early death among infants may at least partially be transmitted from grandmothers to mothers. In this paper, we focus on the intergenerational transmission of mortality clustering in the Netherlands in the province of Zeeland between 1833 and 1912, using LINKS Zeeland, a dataset containing family reconstitutions based on civil certificates of birth, ma

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de la Fuente, Alejandro. "Myths of Racial Democracy: Cuba, 1900-1912." Latin American Research Review 34, no. 3 (1999): 39–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0023879100039364.

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AbstractThis article reviews the recent literature on the so-called myths of racial democracy in Latin America and challenges current critical interpretations of the social effects of these ideologies. Typically, critics stress the elitist nature of these ideologies, their demobilizing effects among racially subordinate groups, and the role they play in legitimizing the subordination of such groups. Using the establishment of the Cuban republic as a test case, this article contends that the critical approach tends to minimize or ignore altogether the opportunities that these ideologies have cr

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Bogart, Dan. "Nationalizations and the Development of Transport Systems: Cross-Country Evidence from Railroad Networks, 1860–1912." Journal of Economic History 69, no. 1 (2009): 202–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050709000382.

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Many states nationalized portions of their railroad network between 1860 and 1912. This article uses new cross-country data to examine which factors contributed to nationalizations and how nationalizations influenced network expansion. I find evidence that nationalizations were greater in countries with low constraints on the executive branch, with French and German civil law systems, and where neighboring countries had higher military capability. I also find evidence that nationalizations reduced mileage growth. The results suggest that external military threats increased the appeal of nation

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Samper Kutsbach, Mario. "Uso del suelo, ciclo agrícola y unidades productivas en el suroeste de Antioquia, 1912-1935. Aproximación empírica y comparativa." Lecturas de Economía, no. 25-26 (January 26, 2011): 141–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.le.n25-26a7764.

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• Resumen: El trabajo presenta una visión detallada de las características del uso de la tierra y la ocupación de fuerza de trabajo, tanto asalariada como familiar, en diversos tipos de unidades productivas del suroeste antioqueño en el período estudiado. Retoma hipótesis de un estudio anterior sobre la región entre 1850 y 1912 para explicar el impacto de la progresiva especialización caficultora sobre los ciclos de labores agrícolas y sobre la interacción entre productores directos y dueños del capital. Propone algunas posibilidades de análisis comparativo y ciertos referentes de tipo concept

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Šabotić, Izet. "Agrarian situation in Semberia in the first decade of 20th century (based on the Memorandum-request of landowner Osman-bey Pašić from 1912, sent to the Minister of Finance Bilinski)." Historijski pogledi 2, no. 2 (2019): 133–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.52259/historijskipogledi.2019.2.2.133.

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The paper presents the Memorandum-Request from 1912 by Osman-bey Pašić, a landowner from Bijeljina, addressed to the Minister of Finance of Bilinski. The Memorandum highlighted numerous irregularities and difficulties encountered by Bosniak landowners and Bosniaks in Semberia. Particularly pointed out was the problem of the relationship between serfs (čifčije) and landowners, where the expression of disregard for obligations by serfs, as well as the usurpation of property occurred. In this way, the economic status of landowners has largely diminished. In addition, the security, religious, poli

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HODGSON, GEOFFREY M. "‘Institution’ by Walton H. Hamilton." Journal of Institutional Economics 1, no. 2 (2005): 233–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744137405210202.

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After Thorstein Veblen, Wesley Mitchell, and John R. Commons, Walton H. Hamilton (1881–1958) was one of the leading figures in American institutional economics in the interwar period (Rutherford, 2000, 2001, 2003). Indeed, Hamilton (1916: 863 n.) originally coined the very term ‘institutional economics’. He announced its existence and defined its essential outlook at the annual meeting of the American Economic Association in December 1918 (Hamilton, 1919). Institutional economics then emerged in America as a broad movement, attracting support from a large number of leading economists. Signific

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Gross, Stephen. "Confidence and Gold: German War Finance 1914–1918." Central European History 42, no. 2 (2009): 223–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938909000296.

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In January 1915, Sir William Grenfell Max-Müller, an intelligence officer in the British Foreign Office, recorded the following remark from a German trade journal.As long as the confidence in military and political victory continues, we need not fear our paper system and its consequences. But one sees immediately what would be bound to threaten us in the contrary case—a ruin to avoid which we are compelled to sacrifice the last man and the last penny.1

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Gibassier, Delphine, Sami El Omari, and Philippe Naccache. "Institutional work in the birth of a carbon accounting profession." Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 33, no. 6 (2020): 1447–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aaaj-12-2014-1912.

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PurposeWithin the emergent professional field of carbon accounting, we analyse the institutional work that gives birth to a nascent profession in a multi-actor arena. We therefore contribute to enhancing our understanding of the birth of professions – in their very first steps and infancy.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs a qualitative approach. We collected data from 1999 to 2015 and conducted 15 semi-structured interviews. One of the researchers was active in the field for two years and participated in carbon accounting events in France as a “participant observer”.FindingsOur res

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Prasch, Robert E. "American Economists and Minimum Wage Legislation During the Progressive Era: 1912–1923." Journal of the History of Economic Thought 20, no. 2 (1998): 161–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1053837200001838.

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Several recent studies, such as that by David Card and Alan Krueger (1995), have led the economics profession to reconsider the theoretical and empirical arguments for and against minimum wage legislation. Most noteworthy was the fact that two respected members of the mainstream economics profession claimed to have found that an increased minimum wage did not lead to increases in unemployment. Moreover, their result was derived from the market for unskilled labor.

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Lewis, Ben. "Marxism after Marx: Karl Kautsky’s Disputed Legacy." Historical Materialism 25, no. 3 (2017): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1569206x-12341527.

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AbstractToday, Karl Kautsky (1854–1938) is mainly remembered for his polemics against the young Bolshevik regime or as the ‘renegade’ in Lenin’sThe Proletarian Revolution and the Renegade Kautsky(1918), which pillories him for his wavering stance in opposing World War I and his (later) outright hostility to the Russian Revolution of October 1917. Kautsky’s authority as a Marxist theoretician was seriously called into question ever since Lenin’s polemic. During the Cold War in particular, a consensus emerged which suggested that Kautsky’s views of democracy, organisation and revolutionary chang

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Nechiporuk, Stanislav Andreevich. "TRADE RELATIONS BETWEEN RUSSIA AND CANADA AND THE OPPORTUNITIES FOR INCREASING THE TURNOVER OF GOODS IN THE END OF THE XIX-TH - BEGINNING OF THE XX-TH CENTURIES." Agrarian History 13, 2023 (March 12, 2023): 74–81. https://doi.org/10.52270/27132447_2023_13_74.

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The article discusses the history of the formation and development of trade relations between Russia and Canada in 1914-1922. Particular attention is paid to the issues of increasing the turnover of goods and finance in the period under study. Agriculture, mining and river navigation in Siberia were the most promising areas for cooperation in the export of equipment and goods from the rapidly progressing Canada. In recent pre-revolutionary years, harvesting agricultural machines have become the main export item from Canada to Russia, successfully competing in the south and in the Ciscaucasia w

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