To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Finance, Public South Africa.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Finance, Public South Africa'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Finance, Public South Africa.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Mwase, Joseph (Joe) Ndala. "The over-indebtedness of public servants in South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27751.
Full textAbstract:
The global financial crisis of 2008 revealed the substantial over-indebtedness of households across many countries. Over-indebtedness of households is the outcome of the policy of financial liberalisation and deregulation since the 1970s. The consumers who are most likely to become over-indebted are employees who earn regular salaries and wages. This paper studies the over-indebtedness of public servants in South Africa. The concept of over-indebtedness is described, as a structural condition of a consumer that experiences financial is unable to repay credit commitments. This paper briefly describes the evolution of consumer credit and discusses the causes and consequences of overindebtedness. The study evaluates the level of over-indebtedness of public servants in South Africa applying three quantitative measures: the ratio of credit repayments to income, the number of credit commitments held by the consumer and the indebtedness index. The analysis uses a very large sample of credit records for public servants that were obtained from a credit bureau shows interesting findings. The overall findings show that majority of public servants in South Africa are over-indebted. The indebtedness index estimates that at least fifty-four (54%) of public servants in South Africa are over-indebted. Although the study did not include any statistical test of significance, the findings of the study are significant given the large sample size. The result should be treated as valid and exploratory.
2
Kazadi, Marcel Lusamba. "Public perceptions of the impact of the global financial crisis on the South African economy." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1658.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MTech (Public Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2011The study aims to assess how people in South Africa perceive the impact of the global financial crisis on the South African economy in the context of unemployment, poverty, crime, the mining, industrial, manufacturing and agricultural sectors, household expenditure, capital inflows, capital flows, capital outflow, electricity prices, education funding, health funding, remittances, pension funding, and financial institutions. From 2008 to 2010 the South African economy entered into recession because of the global financial crisis which was caused by the collapse of the United States’ housing market. A survey questionnaire which aimed to measure the perceptions of the impact of the global financial crisis on the South African economy was administrated to 300 randomly selected students and staff at two universities. A number of people were selected from the general public in Cape Town and at selected survey areas: two universities and five townships in Cape Town (Mandela Park, Hout Bay Harbour, Guguletu, Nyanga and Khayelitsha). The research followed the procedure of random sampling with students and staff at two universities in Cape Town and they were selected by the researcher and fieldworkers on an arbitrary basis. The employed field workers selected persons from the townships on the same basis. Results from the survey showed that a majority of respondents from universities and non-university subjects (170) agreed that the global financial crisis has impacted negatively on the South African economy in the context of unemployment, poverty, crime, the mining, industrial, manufacturing and agricultural sectors, capital inflows, capital flows, electricity prices, education funding, health funding, pension funding, and financial institutions. The survey questionnaire was designed according to the sample, which comprises staff and students at two universities in Cape Town, as well as, non-university subjects. This meant that many respondents included university staff and students because they are educated and have more knowledge and understanding than non-university subjects. This research found that non-university respondents were more unwilling to participate. The fieldworkers were also challenged to assess the perceptions of a large number of these respondents owing to a lack of language and cognitive skills. The research used two fieldworkers to assess the perceptions of university respondents concerning the impact of the global financial crisis on the South African economy. The research also used 14 fieldworkers to assess the perceptions of non-university respondents concerning the impact of the crisis on the South African economy. The cost of the fieldworkers’ remuneration was justified as the assessment process would have been extremely difficult for the researcher to have undertaken alone.
3
Luvhengo, victor. "Public pension funds and socially responsible investment in South Africa: a case study of the Public Investment Corporation." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29012.
Full textAbstract:
Socially responsible investment (SRI) and now commonly known as sustainable responsible investment is starting to gain a momentum in South Africa among asset owners and managers. Of a particular interest is that the leading public pension fund manager, the Public Investment Corporation (PIC) which invests on behalf of the Government Employee Pension Fund (GEPF) has a significant interest in driving this phenomenon in South Africa. In actual fact, GEPF was the first public asset owner in South Africa to subscribe to the United Nations Principles of Responsible Investment in 2006. This is not surprising because a pension fund such as the Government Employees Pension Fund (GEPF) is one of the largest investors through the PIC in the South African economy and the fund is equivalent to 1/3 of the country's GDP with almost R1 trillion assets and has investments in all sectors of the economy. Given the significant power that this fund has in the South African economy, it was of particular interest for this research to link whether SRI agenda in the PIC is also embedded in a broader strategy/policy around South Africa economic development and by whom is this agenda is being driven in the PIC? Furthermore, this research helps to understand the key drivers, challenges, enablers for the PIC to advance SRI agenda in South Africa. The research adopts a case study approach to understand how entrenched is the SRI agenda in big public pension asset managers in South Africa. The research found that over the past few years, the PIC SRI strategy focused on equity and developmental investing with low focus towards fixed income and property asset classes. In general, the research has found that the PIC SRI Strategy responds to issues that that meet government objectives of ensuring growth and economic development of South Africa. In all four asset classes, the PIC SRI Strategy broadly addresses issues such as black economic empowerment, skills development, economic growth, economic and social infrastructure (roads, energy, housing, and education), enterprise development and job creation. However, the government has not taken any concrete steps for greater collaboration with the PIC on ESG issues in South Africa. PIC is advancing its SRI strategy mainly through active share ownership and developmental impact investing.
4
Kroth, Verena. "Essays in political economy : elections, public finance and service delivery in South Africa." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2014. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/976/.
Full textAbstract:
Who gets what, when and how? Each of the three papers in this thesis makes a distinct contribution to answering this question in the context of the political economy of South Africa. The first paper examines how South Africa’s public financial management system distributes central government funds to its provinces. Using a unique panel dataset comprising all provinces and three elections over the period 1995-2010, I demonstrate that provinces where the national ruling party has higher vote margins receive higher per capita equitable shares in pre-election years. This result suggests that even in a dominant party framework, electoral competition can function as an incentive to implement political budget cycles. The second paper evaluates how the extension of the franchise affected the delivery of electricity to South African households. The dataset combines nightlight satellite imagery, census data and municipal election results, making it possible to exploit the heterogeneity in the share of newly enfranchised voters across nearly 800 municipalities with a difference-in-differences approach. The analysis demonstrates that enfranchisement has a significant positive effect on household electrification. Moreover, the findings show that political parties have a potential mediating role in accounting for service delivery patterns in new democracies. The third paper addresses the problem of measurement in studying public service delivery by examining a novel methodology for combining census-based data with satellite imagery of the world at night. Using cross-national data and South African census data, the paper provides a roadmap for how to navigate limitations and thus make the most of this technological advance in quantitative social science research.
5
Sigcau, Ntsikelelo. "Investigating variables that have impact on annual financial statement audit report outcomes in local government." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021004.
Full textAbstract:
The third sphere of government (Local Government) has been persistently clouded by unfavourable Annual Financial Statement (AFS) audit reports. This results in local government losing credibility and its stakeholders losing confidence in the institutions or municipalities. In-depth analysis of the root cause of this dilemma is an opportunity for the municipality to reorganise its house and redeem its dignity and credibility to its stakeholders through addressing the identified challenges. The importance of the study can be attributed to the need to investigate the root causes of unfavourable audit opinion and recommend possible remedies that can assist municipalities to improve their audit report outcomes which in turn will improve the confidence of its stakeholders. The primary objective of the study was to investigate variables that impact on the audit report outcomes on annual financial statements of the municipalities that are within Alfred Nzo District (AND) Jurisdiction, including Alfred Nzo District Municipality (ANDM). This was achieved through investigating the root causes of the audit report outcomes with specific focus on the relationship that exists between the management role and audit outcomes of the Alfred Nzo District Municipalities. This was measured by the municipality’s leadership, governance, internal controls and human capital management. Convenient sampling was used wherein 150 questionnaires (30 per municipality) were sent out to the selected employees in all the municipalities in the Alfred Nzo District. Out of the questionnaires that were sent out, 103 responses were received. These were analysed to draw findings, conclusion and recommendations. The empirical results of the study revealed that there is strong evidence that leadership, governance and human capital management have a positive influence on the municipality’s AFS audit report outcomes. It also revealed that there is overwhelming evidence that internal controls have a positive influence on the municipality’s AFS audit report outcomes. The study recommends how leadership, governance, internal controls and human capital management must be improved. It also provides future research recommendations to improve this study.
6
Bruinette, Konstant Andre. "Leveraging public funding and risk mitigation to eradicate infrastructure backlogs in South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/8500.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MBA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.Fixed investment is a prerequisite to economic growth and sustainable development. Such investment includes large and focused capital spending on the expansion and maintenance of major integrated economic infrastructure. South Africa‘s municipal environment is characterised by extensive infrastructure backlogs, an apparent lack of available funding to eradicate these backlogs as well as incapacities to unlock the required funding. This study proposes a mechanism to successfully unlock available funds and to optimally gear large infrastructure projects. The proposed mechanism focuses on reducing and mitigating project and unsystematic risk evaluations of private financiers. As part of the solution the two concepts of Security Risk Deposit and Limited Risk Deposit are introduced. The solution is based on the principle of associated risk transferral and a type of financial insurance related to remaining perceived levels of project and unsystematic risk. The key dilemma relating to the approach to infrastructure development in South Africa, is presented and is systematically resolved over the course of the study. The proposed solution is simulated and it confirms that it is indeed a valid way of ensuring that government attains more value from the limited available grant funding. Private financiers, government departments and the citizens of South Africa will be able to benefit from the proposed approach.
7
Nomonde, Xego. "The role of municipal public accounts committee in the financial management of Intsika Yethu local municipality." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1007958.
Full textAbstract:
In an attempt to address the challenges of audit queries in a sustainable way and improve service delivery. Municipality should deal with causes of disclaimer and adverse opinion which are reflected on their audit report. This study focuses on the role of the Municipal Public Accounts Committee in the financial management of the Intsika Yethu Local Municipality. Challenges facing the Municipal Public Accounts Committee include lack of capacity, lack of co-operation from municipal departments and lack of knowledge and skill in municipal management. This study investigated the role of the Municipal Public Accounts Committee in the financial management of the Intsika Yethu Local Municipality. Particular attention was paid to the various roles played by the Municipal Public Accounts Committee making a contribution towards improving municipal financial management.
8
Ndaleni, Phumla. "Enhancing financial accountability in the acquisition of goods and services : the case of the Eastern Cape Provincial Department of Safety and Liaison." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020657.
Full textAbstract:
Supply Chain Management is an aspect of the procurement process which focuses on addressing the needs of both the service provider and the end user. It has a constitutional status which enables it to contribute towards addressing past discriminatory practices. It assists in correcting the imbalances of the past in the procurement of goods and services for government. Section 217(1) of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa (Act 108 of 1996) specifies that procurement must be fair, equitable, transparent, competitive and cost effective. Accountability is the most critical element in improving financial management in the public sector. The objective of the study was to highlight the need for accountability in Public Finance Management. Additionally, it was intended to assess the respective roles of the various processes involved in the acquisition of goods and services with the goal of enhancing accountability in the Eastern Cape Department of Safety and Liaison in Bhisho. The study was conducted at the Head Office of the Supply Chain Management Section and the district offices with officials who are responsible for the procurement of goods and services. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, a survey was conducted using the qualitative method to ensure greater understanding and reliability. Convenience sampling was applied as it allowed the researcher to select the sample that was convenient. Moreover, it made it easier to reach the available participants. Data was gathered by means of face-to-face interviews for the Head Office respondents and telephonic interviews for the respondents of the district offices. The study concluded with recommendations emanating from the research findings that are meant to assist in improving accountability in Supply Chain Management within the Eastern Cape Department of Safety and Liaison.
9
Sobuza, Yandisa. "“Social housing in South Africa : are public private partnerships (PPP) a solution?”." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26048.
Full textAbstract:
South Africa faces a shortfall in its provision of housing for low income households. This study explores the potential to use public private partnerships (PPP) to address these supply problems. A review of the housing market and an examination of the opportunities and challenges presented by PPP are presented, including a review of the international experience in the provision of social housing. Interviews with key stakeholders are undertaken to evaluate the appropriateness of PPP in the South African social housing sector. PPP are believed to have the potential increase the supply of social housing, provided there is continuing support from the state. However, none of the key stakeholders were keen to use the “traditional” PPP process, suggesting a need for innovative partnership models more appropriate for the sector. CopyrightDissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
unrestricted
10
Williams, Mario Rene. "Exploring a capacity development framework for South African foreign economic representatives." Thesis, Nelson Mandela University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/13491.
Full textAbstract:
Commercial trading in various formats has characterised relations between humans for centuries. However, in a world driven by higher levels of consumption, and where citizens demand higher returns for their hard-earned taxes, governments are becoming more active in ensuring favourable conditions for their own enterprises, either operating or seeking to operate, in foreign markets, as well as local enterprises that seek to extract value from foreign markets. The past failure of the markets to self-regulate, with the recent events of the 2008/09 market crash, gave fresh impetus for governments to play a more active role in ensuring favourable outcomes for their local economies. To be effective, requires the deployments of capable officials to fulfil this mandate. However, given that governments have traditionally not operated in the sphere of what is termed as ‘commercial diplomacy’, it is evident that a concerted effort needs to be made to have a skilled and capable workforce which can function in both the commercial and diplomatic market spaces across the world. Against the background sketched above, the South African government, with the dti spearheading the initiative, has been running capacity building programmes to train officials as designate FERs, to function as commercial diplomats in targeted foreign markets. This contrasts with its sister-department, DIRCO, which has established 126 foreign missions focusing on political diplomacy. Anecdotal evidence, and previous capacity building reports, have highlighted the need for a framework to regulate and inform the development of officials. Due to the framework’s broader focus, and the acknowledgement of the rich experiences of the officials being trained in the programme, it has been termed as capacity development. An initial review of the topic, revealed that there had been limited research into a framework that regulates the capacity development of foreign economic representatives (FERs), the term used for commercial diplomats of the South African government. Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore a capacity development framework (CDF) for South African FERs. This exploratory capacity development framework will then be tested, to inform the capacity development programme used for the training of designated FERs. To achieve this goal, a literature review of academic sources of information regarding the concepts of commercial diplomacy, capacity development and conceptual frameworks, was conducted. This led to the development of a qualitative questionnaire which was then distributed to all currently posted (27) and returned FERs (33), with 18 completed questionnaires returned. The questionnaire contained both closed and open-ended statements that delved deeper into the experiences and opinions held by the respondents. Using the dti as a case study, the content analysis method, which uses open coding, was applied to identify the theme and codes emanating from the data. This was assessed against the research questions (RQs) constructed in the research proposal, and was found to be in line with the sentiments flowing from the research data. The theme, indicated as capacity development and its concomitant codes (Process, Content, Technology and Management Support), thus formed the basis and skeleton of the exploratory capacity development framework. The codes were further analysed and sub-codes identified, which were incorporated into the exploratory capacity development framework. The analysis further revealed that, while the dti is committed to ensuring the designate FERs are adequately capacitated before being posted, much more could be done to improve the efficacy of the training provided. To this end, a number of gaps were identified from the data and these will need to be addressed to ensure that an effective capacity development programme is developed.
11
Du, Preez David H. "Alternative sources of finance for sustainable development in South Africa with specific reference to carbon trading." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6557.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The world has been engaged in a global ‘development project’ since the late 1940s. This process gained new momentum with the end of colonialism and the emergence of newly independent countries, all of them plagued with high levels of poverty. Traditional models of economic growth based on industrialization and import-substitution did not deliver the expected results to reduce poverty, especially in Africa. New ways of engaging with development emerged; in particular the basic needs approach in the 1970s and later the human development approach. Independently a new environmental movement surfaced in the 1960s, responding to the rallying call of global environmental destruction as a result of economic activities. For the first time a global language on the limitations nature presents to development emerged. The ‘movement’ received particular traction with the emergence of global climate disruption as the single largest global environmental issue. ‘Human needs’, represented by the anthropocentrists, and ‘environmental limitations’, represented by environmentalists were merged in an uncomfortable union to give birth to the notion of sustainable development. Yet, as a result of a large variety of perspectives, no agreement has been reached on what sustainable development means or should achieve. There is agreement though that developmental needs and environmental challenges are both urgent. An important unanswered question is how the world will pay for sustainable development interventions. Some interesting ideas on alternative sources of development finance has been around for a while, yet has not found practical application. Carbon finance, an innovative new source of funding, is an exception. This exploratory research was conducted by reviewing existing relevant literature using the inductive logic technique. It was initiated as a result of specific experiences leading the researcher to some general ‘truths’. The findings revealed that carbon markets, which are primarily focussed on reducing carbon emissions and which in itself makes a positive contribution to sustainability, has over the last few years successfully leveraged billions of dollars for investment in sustainable development projects globally. Some of these have the added advantage of co-benefits for the poor. Its role is set to expand as a source of development finance. South Africa has the potential to earn large amounts from carbon trading, assisting the country to move to a more sustainable development trajectory. The findings concluded that realising this potential will require a more focussed approach, especially from the South African Government.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die wêreld is sedert die 1940s besig met ‘n grootskaalse ‘ontwikkelingsprojek’. Die proses het nuwe momentum gekry teen die einde van die koloniale tydperk. Die nuut onafhanklike state het almal gebuk gegaan onder hoë vlakke van armoede. Tradisionele modelle van ekonomiese groei gebasseer op industrialisasie en invoer vervanging, het nie die verwagte resultate in terme van armoede verligting - veral in Afrika - gehad nie. Nuwe benaderings tot ontwikkeling - spesifiek die ‘basiese behoeftesbenadering’ in die 1970s en later die menslike ontwikkelingsbenadering – is ontwikkel met die hoop dat dit beter resultate sal lewer om armoede hok te slaan. Terselfdertyd het ‘n nuwe omgewingsbeweging in die 1960s ontstaan, in reaksie op die vernietig van die natuur deur die mens se ekonomiese aktiwiteite. Die gevolg was dat daar ‘n internasionale taal onstaan het wat die beperkinge wat die natuur op ontwikkeling plaas kon verwoord. Dit het veral momentum gekry met die bewuswording dat aardverwarming die wêreld se grootste omgewingsuitdaging bied. Mense se behoeftes soos verwoord deur antroposentriste, en omgewingsbeperkings soos verwoord deur omgewingskundiges, het bymekaargekom om die nuwe konsep van volhoubare ontwikkeling te vorm. As gevolg van ‘n groot verskeidenheid van interpretasies is daar geen ooreenstemming oor wat volhoubare ontwikkeling beteken of behoort te bereik nie. Waaroor daar wel ooreenstemming is, is die feit dat die wêreld se behoefte aan ontwikkeling sowel as die omgewingsuitdagings beide dringend is. ‘n Belangrike vraag wat niemand nog kon beantwoord nie, is hoe die wêreld gaan betaal vir volhoubare ontwikkelingsprojekte. Alhoewel daar ‘n paar kreatiewe idees vir alternatiewe bronne van ontwikkelingsfinansiering die rondte doen, het nog nie een daarvan praktiese beslag gekry nie. Die enigste vindingryke nuwe bron van ontwikkelingsfinansiering wat wel geïmplimenteer is, is koolstof finansiering. Dié ondersoekende navorsing is gedoen deur middel van ‘n literatuur studie van bestaande relevante materiaal, deur gebruik te maak van die induktiewe logika tegniek. Die studie is geïnisieer as gevolg van spesifieke ondervindings wat die navorser gelei het na algemene ‘waarhede’. Bevindinge uit die studie het aangedui dat koolstof markte, wat primêr ten doel het om die vrystel van aardverwarmingsgasse te beperk en dus opsigself ‘n positiewe bydrae tot volhoubaarheid lewer, oor die laaste paar jaar daarin geslaag het om miljarde dollars beskikbaar te maak vir volhoubare ontwikkelingsprojekte wêreldwyd. Sommige hiervan het die voordeel dat dit arm gemeenskappe bevoordeel. Die rol van die koolstofmarkte gaan in die toekoms toeneem. Suid Afrika het die potensiaal om groot bedrae te verdien uit koolstof finansiering, wat die land behoort te help om op ‘n meer volhoubare ontwikkelingspad voort te gaan. Die bevindinge sluit af deur aan te dui dat die realisering van dié potensiaal ‘n baie meer gefokusde benadering deur veral die Suid Afrikaanse Regering gaan vereis.
12
Douglas, Sibongile Claude. "An investigation into the Local Economic Development (LED) as a cross-cutting issue in the municipality's integrated development plan: a case of Inkwanca Local Municipality." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1011664.
Full textAbstract:
Though it can be argued that the new democratic government has made tremendous strides in its first decades of democracy, continuing poverty and inequality tends to undermine the gains. Faced by this development dilemma, the government has adopted various development endeavours in an attempt to address issues of social and economic development. The topic of Local Economic Development has received considerable attention from both government and scholars in recent years. At the heart of the concept of LED are enshrined the goals of creating employment and promoting the economic growth and development of a locality or local area. It is in this context that the main objective of the study was to investigate the implementation of Local Economic Development as a cross-cutting dimension in the Integrated Development Plan of the Inkwanca Municipality of in the Eastern Cape Province. The construction of a bridge in the town of Sterkstroom was used as a case study to assess the ability of the municipality to plan and implement a LED project in a coordinated and integrated manner. The study used the combination of both methods of data collection, namely the qualitative and quantitative methods. The tool used to collect data was an interview schedule which consisted of open and closed ended questions. Findings by this study revealed that LED planning and implementation within the municipality does not receive the priority it so deserves and therefore it can not be regarded as the panacea for the development challenges confronted by the community in the municipality. Since LED has failed to create sustainable jobs and grow the local economy, questions can be raised about the efficiency of the municipality in its implementation of LED as a cross–cutting dimension. There appears to have been little cooperation with the LED Unit on the implementation of the Sokoyi Bridge construction project. Neither was there a concerted effort on the part of the municipality to use the project to build skills among the workers that they could use in future initiatives. The study revealed that the line function departments within the municipality could not plan their activities and programmes in a coordinated and integrated manner. Planning is characterised by ‘silo-functioning’. Furthermore, intergovernmental coordination amongst the various spheres of government has been and remains a challenge. Intergovernmental coordination and collaboration needed to be strengthened. The Integrated Development Plan of the municipality which is supposed to be a strategic coordination and integration tool has failed to achieve its objective and as such planning happens in an ad hoc and fragmented fashion. A plan-led system is needed to bring focus and allow long term public interest to guide the development of places. The National Development Plan state that “it will take time to create this capability, drawing on fuller understanding of the limitations of current arrangements and incorporating the lessons of good international practise.” (NDP, 2011: 263). Having a policy in place does not guarantee that there will be developmental or pro-poor outcomes. This study indicated that there are real capacity constraints in local government to plan in an integrated and coordinated manner. The Inkwanca Municipality did not use the developmental opportunities presented by the bridge construction project to its fullest extent. A lack of coordination limited the ability of the municipality to move beyond short-term job creation through a more integrated programme that could have had a broader positive impact on the residents of the Inkwanca municipality.
13
Mashele, Makhosini Thaniel. "An analysis of the use of the public private partnership model in financing public sector research and development infrastructure in South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/998.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MDF (Business Management))--Stellenbosch University, 2008.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Economic development depends on a number of variables, including the ability of the economy to innovate technologically. Innovation depends to a large extent on the value, both qualitative and quantitative, of the research and development (R&D) happening in an economy. R&D in turn require various activities and inputs, including human resources, capital and infrastructure. The focus of this study is on the alternatives available to the public sector for funding public R&D. Most of the current public R&D infrastructure comes from the fiscus, which is strained under the pressure of many competing and immediate needs. An alternate model for funding public R&D infrastructure is that of public private partnerships (PPPs), which are private sector-supported initiatives for delivery of public goods and services. These are used all over the world to deliver public services with a high degree of success in sectors such as health (hospitals and services) and transport (roads, airports). This study looks at how this model can be applied in the delivery of public R&D infrastructure, which has not been popular in South Africa to date. A questionnaire was designed to look at five key areas for investigation with regard to R&D infrastructure, namely: the type of infrastructure as a determinant for the success of the PPP; the perception regarding the risk of the transaction; the incentives available to the private participants; the availability of capital in the market; and the effect of regulations on the transaction. These are investigated through the use of a questionnaire to get responses from people who have an understanding of PPP transactions in the country. The results show that R&D PPPs are possible and should be explored. One of the main reasons why they are currently not popular is because they are under-explored. The respondents felt that: the PPP regulations may have to be changed or adapted to be effective in the administration of PPP transactions; the risks for R&D PPPs seem to be high; sufficient capital exists to fund these transactions; the type of the infrastructure being financed is not necessarily a hindrance; and there are sufficient incentives for the private sector to participate in these transactions.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Ekonomiese ontwikkeling hang af van 'n aantal veranderlikes, onder andere die ekonomie se vermoë om tegnologies te innoveer. Sodanige innovasie word in 'n groot mate bepaal deur die waarde, beide kwalitatief en kwantitatief, van die navorsing en ontwikkeling wat binne die ekonomie plaasvind. Navorsing en ontwikkeling vereis weer verskeie aktiwiteite en insette, waaronder menslike hulpbronne, kapitaal en infrastruktuur. Hierdie studie fokus op alternatiewe wat vir die openbare sektor beskikbaar is ten opsigte van die befondsing van openbare navorsing en ontwikkeling. Die huidige openbare navorsing- en ontwikkelinginfrastruktuur kom hoofsaaklik van die fiskus, wat weens verskeie mededingende en dringende behoeftes onder druk is. 'n Publieke-private venootskap (PPV) bied 'n moontlike alternatiewe model vir befondsing van 'n openbare navorsing- en ontwikkelinginfrastruktuur. Openbare goedere en dienste word hiervolgens gelewer deur middel van inisiatiewe wat deur die privaatsektor ondersteun word. Die model word wêreldwyd baie suksesvol aangewend in sektore soos gesondheid (hospitale en dienste) en vervoer (paaie, lughawens). Hierdie studie ondersoek hoe die model toegepas kan word in die skep van 'n openbare navorsing- en ontwikkelinginfrastruktuur in Suid-Afrika, hoewel dit tot dusver nie hier gewild was nie. 'n Vraelys is ontwerp om vyf sleutelareas ten opsigte van navorsing- en ontwikkelinginfrastruktuur te ondersoek, naamlik: tipe infrastruktuur as 'n determinant vir die sukses van die PPV; persepsie aangaande risiko met betrekking tot die transaksie; aansporing wat aan private deelnemers gebied word; beskikbaarheid van kapitaal in die mark en die uitwerking van regulasies op die transaksie. Hierdie vraelys is aangewend om reaksie te verkry van persone wat begrip van publieke-private ondernemings in die land het. Die resultate wys dat PPV's binne 'n navorsing- en ontwikkelinginfrastruktuur moontlik is en verder ondersoek behoort te word. Een van die hoofredes waarom dit tans nie gewild is nie, is die gebrek aan toepaslike navorsing. Respondente het aangedui dat: PPV regulasies moontlik verander of aangepas sal moet word om effektief te wees in die administrasie van sodanige transaksies; die risiko's vir PPV's in navorsing en ontwikkeling hoog voorkom; voldoende kapitaal vir befondsing van transaksies beskikbaar is; die tipe infrastruktuur wat befondsing ontvang nie noodwendig 'n hindernis is nie en dat voldoende aansporing vir die privaatsektor gebied word om aan hierdie transaksies deel te neem.
14
Mashalaba, Bongiwe. "An assessment of the relationship between clean audits and service delivery : a study of Amathole District Municipality in the Eastern Cape Province, for the 2013/2014 financial year." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/4638.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the concept of clean audit reports in relation to service delivery. The study was conducted in the Amathole District Municipality in the Eastern Cape Province and centred on the audit outcome of the municipality for the 2013/2014 financial year. A qualitative research design was adopted in order to conduct the study and the data was collected through the conducting of semi-structured interviews. The research sample comprised officers who were employed by the Amathole District Municipality and one manager from the office of the Auditor-General. The key findings of the study revealed that, at present, the concept of a clean audit outcome is used by municipal officers to imply that the performance of an organisation is to be assessed mainly on the basis of evidence which is provided by financial indicators, to the exclusion of non-financial benchmarks. This assumption tends to encourage municipal officers to strive towards impressing auditors, rather than serving their communities through the providing of adequate service delivery. In addition, the auditing of municipalities does not assess their performance in relation to service delivery and the ways in which communities at the local level are affected by it. At present it appears to be beyond the remit of auditors to investigate the validity of the protests which erupt in communities in response to poor service delivery or whether the members of communities and other affected stakeholders are satisfied or dissatisfied with the manner in which services are rendered by their municipalities. Consequently, those who are tasked with the making of decisions in municipalities act upon the recommendations which are made in their audit outcomes and formulate plans in relation to service delivery or projects which do not necessarily accord with the needs of the communities which they are intended to serve. Consequently, on the basis of the findings of this study, it is proposed that assessments of the performance of organisations should incorporate non-financial indicators into the auditing process. Adopting this approach would minimise incidences of municipalities receiving clean audit outcomes while the members of the communities which they serve take to the streets to express their anger and frustration as a result of poor service delivery.
15
Ngcuka, Akona. "Public private partnership as a means to address the financing of affordable housing in South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/8259.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MDF)--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.This study is an evaluation of the feasibility of utilising project finance in a Public Private Partnership model (as one of a number of possible private public partnership models) in order to deliver social housing in the South African market by evaluating the social housing regulatory environment against the commercial requirements for implementing project finance based PPP‘s, and indentifying gaps that are acting as stumbling blocks to the mobilisation of private sector resources in this sector. The study also looked at the social housing policy and the various private public partnership procurement models currently in use in the United Kingdom, with a view to highlight best practise and lessons which could be applied within the local environment. The broader South African procurement policy environment caters for the private sector delivery of infrastructure, with a number of deals having been delivered since the late 1990‘s. The Social Housing Policy does make provision for the Minister to make pronouncement on procurement models to be used, and does foresee some form of partnership between the public and private sector in delivering affordable housing (this is also supported by policies such the Inclusionary Housing Policy). The current policy environment however does not go far enough in addressing commercial requirements, such as guarantees for rental payments, and performance monitoring instruments, such as housing inspectorates, to facilitate the implementation of housing PPP‘s. 138 pages.
16
Khumalo, Mildred Tariro. "An investigation of the efficacy of the Office of the Auditor-General in ensuring public financial accountability in the Gauteng Province." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/283.
Full textAbstract:
Increasing accountability is a key element in a wide variety of governance reforms, from national level, public sector restructuring, to anti corruption campaigns and to centralise service delivery at local levels. (Van Wyk, 2002:311). Financial accountability has a major effect on performance issues, and these two combined have implications on democratic accountability. It is obviously a fact that when public officials become accountable, this will have a positive effect on service delivery. The introduction of the Public Finance Management Act (PFMA) 1999 (Act 1 of 1999) as amended by Act 29 of 1999 adopts an approach to financial management, which emphasises the need for accountability of results by focusing on output and responsibility rather than the rule driven approach of the previous Exchequer Acts. One quickly realises that the PFMA aims to regulate financial management at both National and Provincial levels of government. It directs attention at revenue, expenditure, assets and liabilities and aims to see that these are managed efficiently and effectively. Public finance accountability is increasingly becoming important in the public sector. One means of effecting accountability is through auditing. For this reason the Office of the Auditor -General through the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1996 (Act 108 of 1996 section 216 (1)) was established to facilitate effective accountability through auditing. The Office of the Auditor -General’s role is by no means minor, for it plays a major role in curbing corruption and acts as a ‘watchdog’ of the nation over public funds. Amidst high mismanagement and misuse of public resources, as well as corruption, especially in developing countries, the major question one asks is how effective the Auditor -General can be in ensuring effective public financial management and accountability within state departments so as to improve service delivery.
17
Koekemoer, Jonathan. "Government debt levels and the systemic risks associated with post-crisis fiscal policies." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004168.
Full textAbstract:
The study analyses the concepts of intergenerational equity and fiscal sustainability in South Africa. The question raised is whether or not South Africa can adopt stimulatory fiscal measures, with a simultaneous increase in debt, so as to improve long-term growth potential in a sustainable manner without creating an excessive burden on future generations. The debate surrounding the use of stimulatory fiscal policy has come to the fore once again as monetary policy has become a restricted and ineffective macroeconomic policy tool in certain countries after the world-wide financial crisis and the Euro-debt crisis. Fiscal sustainability risks and high debt levels remain a source of concern in the United States and the Euro-zone, while South Africa presently seems to be at no great risk. With South Africa’s intention to become a developmental state, the use and appropriateness of fiscal policy is considered. An overlapping-generations model is used to determine whether or not future generations will be burdened due to current stimulatory policy. The use of fiscal rules in South Africa is discussed and considered in light of various political incentives and constraints. The conclusion given is that the possible use of a procedural fiscal rule, such as the ‘golden rule’, may add credibility to the current regime, while a numerical fiscal rule is seen as unnecessary given South Africa’s responsible use of fiscal policy thus far. As it stands, there is little possibility or risk that the public debt in South Africa will become too high in the near future. Although South Africa has been affected by the crisis, the developmental nature of the economy has been sustained through the use of responsible discretionary fiscal policy, putting South Africa in a positive position to meet its long-run growth potential.
18
Barnard, Nico. "The scope for private sector involvement in infrastructure development and finance in South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96166.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MDF)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.The aim of the study is to provide a framework for effective private sector participation in infrastructure development and finance, not to provide a rigid structure to guide the participation. Thus the framework is a flexible guide to guide the relationship with local governments. The study will be limited to the following aspects: - projects commissioned and managed by the local sphere of government in South Africa; - projects financed by funding outside of the national treasury budget allocations; and - infrastructure projects that may include physical infrastructure (roads), social infrastructure (clinic) and economic infrastructure (electrical substation). Even though the scope of the study may be limited, the study can provide critical insight in terms of private sector participation possibilities in infrastructure development in South Africa.
19
Manzere, Bogadi Patricia. "Financial sustainability mechanisms for local NGOs in the Gauteng province, South Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/18562.
Full textAbstract:
The role of NGOs has been widely recognised in eradicating poverty and creating sustainable development in communities. Governments and private corporations view them as complementary partners in enhancing the livelihoods of people. In order to survive, NGOs need to be financially sustainable to carry out their missions. Their existence is, however, threatened by the current economic and political climate. In South Africa, the recent global economic recession and the country’s recovery from the apartheid system since 1994 have both had a negative impact in funding financial flow to NGOs. Compounded by the growing demand for new NGOs, evidence shows that there is fierce competition between NGOs for the same funding and, since NGOs by nature do not produce commercial outputs, they are limited to pursue funding opportunities made available through donations. This study explored the issues of financial sustainability within local NGOs in the Gauteng Province. The aim was to build mechanisms that could be put in place to monitor organisational financial sustainability over time. The study used a qualitative methodology and the researcher adopted an exploratory design to gain insight and meaning into the issues faced by NGOs. A sample of ten members from local NGOs in the Gauteng Province was identified and data was collected through key informant interviews and questionnaires. The study found that the majority of NGOs face difficulties in achieving financial sustainability over the long-term. The results indicated that funding in the sector is shrinking, with very few NGOs surviving through endowments. Their major challenges in raising funds are due to area limitations, competition within the sector, lack of skills, staff shortage and visibility. They optimise available opportunities but also acknowledge that they are not implementing other fundraising strategies that could be effective in raising funds. Evidence also showed that these NGOs are meeting the requirements of good financial management practices, which could improve their likelihood to achieve financial sustainability. The research recommends that NGOs need to be empowered to negotiate restrictions under the grants, raise endowments through income-generating activities, manage stakeholder relationships and cost any future funding prospects for key decision making that is likely to have an impact on the structure and the strategic direction of an organisation.
20
John, Simon. "Administration of the Public Finance Management Act 1999 in the North West Provincial Administration in South Africa." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/60496.
Full textAbstract:
In South Africa, the Public Finance Management Act, 1999 (Act No. 1 of 1999) is a piece of
legislation that is flexible and adaptable compared to the repealed Exchequer Act (Act No. 66
of 1975), which was prescriptive and rule driven. The administration of finance in the public
sector involves numerous challenges such as the lack of adequate capacity, integrity of
personnel and unqualified personnel. Solutions are sought simultaneously for prospects to
achieve value for money through economy, efficiency and effectiveness. Those who manage
public affairs and public finance are subject to public scrutiny. Transparency, accountability
and honesty as well as prudence in the management and administration of public finance are
imperative.
The problem statement is divided into the following research questions:
What is the PFMA (Public Finance Management Act) and how is it administered? How is the
PFMA administered in the North West Provincial Administration? In order to research the
above-mentioned problem and sub-problem, the following objectives were formulated: Determine from the literature the nature and scope of the PFMA and its administration;
establish the reason for the introduction of PFMA in South Africa; and determine the
administration of the PFMA in the North West provincial administration.
In implementing policy, the following elements were considered: The availability of trained
personnel, administrative arrangements to implement policy, material resources required for
proper implementation, procedures and directives for effective implementation, role of auditing
staff, and both internal and external, role of independent institutions such as the Public Service
Commission, Provincial Public Accounts Committee and the Auditor-General (AG).
The managerial control and fiduciary duties by the structures in government departments will
have to be enhanced in order to ensure that financial management is aligned with the PFMA.
Policy implementation requires the necessary tools, techniques, procedures, shared vision,
strategy, structure, systems, skills and staff. The study critically determines and establishes
various challenges experienced while managing finances through the administration of the
PFMA.
From the data gathered, analysis and interpretations were derived to arrive at the findings,
interpretations, inferences and recommendations. There is evidence of financial
qualifications in the audit opinion, shortcomings in various departments, capacity constraints,
and a lack of a clear trail of supporting documentation, ineffective leadership, supervision,
monitoring and support. Appropriate recommendations are provided to remedy the situation.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2016.
School of Public Management and Administration (SPMA)
PhD
Unrestricted
21
Tesselaar, Johannes Christoffel Petrus. "Debt management framework for Western Cape Province municipalities." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2439.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (DTech (Public Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017.From a municipal perspective non-payment means that consumers, rate-payers and citizens are not fulfilling their obligations towards a particular municipality, contributing to a situation of insufficient available cash for day-to-day service delivery. The current debt situation in municipalities can be linked to the creation of a culture of non-payment due to the political situation in South Africa pre- and post-1994. Sections 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3 present the contributions and reasons for the current debt situation per the three spheres of government. South African municipal debt increased by 88 percent (R44 billion) over the last five financial years, from R50 billion in 2009/2010 to R94 billion in 2013/2014. The trend of 15- 20 percent per year increase in debt precludes the effective, efficient and economic provision of essential and emergency services to communities. All municipalities need to ensure that an effective collection relationship exists and that municipalities implement policies, by-laws, processes, procedures and systems in this regard. However, many municipalities fail in their quest for effective collection, or lack the capacity to utilise enabling legislation to implement an efficient and effective debt collection framework. This research study was conducted in response to this scenario, to identify and document existing problems through the development of guidelines and a framework for effective cash and debt collection. The guidelines will assist municipalities in collecting their outstanding debts.
22
Siswana, Batandwa. "Leadership and governance in the South African Public Service an overview of the public finance management system /." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09192007-111857/.
Full text
23
Dlomo, Phelelani Automan. "The impact of irregular expenditure in the South African public finance with specific reference to the National Department of Public Works." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2453.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MTech (Public Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017.In 1999 the South African Parliament passed the Public Finance Management Act No.1 of 1999 (PFMA). The intention was to ensure effective and better public finance management practice. The Act requires that government departments should establish measures to prevent irregular expenditure. However, there has been persistent irregular expenditure reports every year, which is an indication of non – compliance. The aim of this research is to investigate the impact of irregular expenditure in the South African public finance management domain, using the national Department of Public Works as a case study.
24
Keita, Hawa. "Furthering new public management principles through financial reforms in post-1999 South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95822.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MPA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of this research is to describe how the reform of public finance undertaken in South Africa since 1999 has furthered the principles of new public management (NPM). The first part of the research outlines the history of public sector reform in South Africa in general, with particular emphasis on public finance. It also discusses how reform was initiated and supplemented by the principles of new public management with the adoption of the Public Finance Management Act, No. 1 of 1999 (PFMA, 1999). This is followed by a deep analysis and detailed discussion of key indicators and the mode of their collection. The final phase consists of a description of how new public management principles have impacted public finance management since 1999. The study concludes with recommendations for further research and for practice and policy. The results tend to show how some principles of NPM have furthered public finance reform in some areas while others are still lacking. However the lack of sufficient data results in gaps in the findings: this lack of data makes it difficult to portray a clear picture of the extent to which principles of NPM have been fully implemented. Thus one of the recommendations is that certain indicators should be investigated further to understand the phenomenon better; it is probable that in a few years sufficient data will be available to allow for trend assessments.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie navorsing is om te beskryf hoe hervorming van openbare finansies sedert 1999 in Suid Afrika onderneem is ten einde die beginsels van ‘nuwe openbare bestuur’ te bevorder. Die eerste gedeelte van die navorsing fokus op die Suid-Afrikaanse openbare sektor hervorming geskiedenis in die algemeen, met spesifieke fokus op openbare finansies. Dit beskryf hoe die Openbare Finansiële Bestuurswet, No 1 van 1999 (PMFA, 1999) hervorming en die beginsels van ‘nuwe openbare bestuur’ bevorder het. Dit word gevolg deur ‘n diep en deeglike bespreking van kern indikatore en die wyse waarop data versamel is. Die finale fase behels ‘n beskrywing van die bedra van openbare finansiële bestuur hervorming sedert 1999 tot die bevordering van ‘nuwe openbare bestuur’ beginsels. Die studie sluit af met aanbevelings vir praktyk en beleid asook verdere navorsing. Die resultate toon dat sommige van die beginsels van ‘nuwe openbare bestuur’ bevorder is deur openbare finansiële hervorming, terwyl ander steeds agterweë bly. ‘n Tekort aan genoemsame data lei egter tot leemtes in die bevindinge: die tekort aan data maak dit moeilik om ‘n duidelike prentjie te vorm oor die mate waartoe die beginsels van ‘nuwe openbare bestuur’ ten volle geïmplementeer is. Een van die kern aanbevelings is dus dat spesifieke indikatore verder ondersoek moet word om die verskynsel beter te verstaan; dit is waarskynlik dat genoegsame data in die toekoms koers berekenings moontlik sal maak wat verdere begrip sal bevorder.
25
Sibanda, Hlanganani Siqondile. "Financial liberalisation and economic growth in South Africa." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1007131.
Full textAbstract:
This study examined the impact of financial liberalisation on economic growth in South Africa. The study used quarterly time series data for the period 1980 to 2010. A vector error correction model was used to determine the short run and long run effects of financial liberalisation on economic growth in South Africa. The other explanatory variables considered in this study were government expenditure, investment ratio, public expenditure on education and trade openness. Results from this study revealed that financial liberalisation, government expenditure and public expenditure on education have a positive impact on economic growth while trade openness negatively affects economic growth in South Africa. Policy recommendations were made using these results.
26
Kgatjepe, Maaria Ishmael. "Legislative oversight and accountability of public finances : a case of Limpopo, Provincial Legislature for the period between 1994 and 2010." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/2331.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MPA. (Public Administration)) -- University of Limpopo, 2018The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa of 1996 requires the Legislature in Local, Provincial and National Governments to hold the Executive accountable and continue to do oversight on the work of government. The Legislature in executing its work, sometimes make use of the Auditor General’s reports, Public Finance Management Act (PFMA) reports and all other reports submitted by constitutional institutions, the Executive and other agents of the State. The study investigates whether the Legislature understands its mandate as legislated and whether the legislation is efficient and effective in ensuring accountability and conducting oversight of the work of the Executive. The research methodology used in this study is the qualitative approach. The respondents were clear that the Legislature understand its business as legislated, and further that there is a challenge at implementation of these important functions of the Legislature. There is varying implementation due to resources, capacity constraints and lack of commitment. The study recommends that the training of Members of the Legislature and staff, allocation of adequate resources and proper planning. The commitment of the Members of the Executive to the process and implementation of consequence management for poor performance and key interventions to ensure efficient and effective oversight of public finances in the province
27
Bosire, Samuel Mobisa. "An assessment of information systems supporting procurement reforms in the Eastern Cape provincial government." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/214.
Full textAbstract:
As part of the on going financial management reforms, the South African Government introduced the Supply Chain Management (SCM) Framework. Since 2004, The Eastern Cape Provincial Government embarked on a process of ensuring that procurement reforms wrought by the advent of SCM are seamlessly ushered in. Information Technology (IT) and systems are a sine qua non in supporting the implementation of the SCM Framework. However, IT does not operate in a vacuum. Many other factors complement, supplement and influence the objectives sought through the use of Information Technology and systems. It is the confluence of this factors that eventually will determine that success or failure of using technology to support procurement reforms in government. The research investigates the factors affecting the success of the Information systems underlying SCM in the Eastern Cape Provincial government. Data for the research was gathered using a questionnaire administered to all Eastern Cape Provincial Government departments. The research borrows from Heeks’ ITPOSMO model in assessing SCM and Information Systems structures and processes and gauging their state of readiness to embrace procurement reforms envisaged through the SCM Framework. Because of the importance of having a strong IT functional unit in any government department, the study highlights IT issues that typically confront IT managers, especially in the public sector. Heeks’ ITPOSMO model emerges as a sufficient framework for identifying gaps that currently exist between the reality and perceptions on the readiness of IT to adequately support government procurement reforms. The dissertation concludes that the success of the system is dependent not only on the technological component of the system, but also on other factors.
28
Deliwe, Mawonga Christopher C. "The role of the office of the auditor general of South Africa in enhancing sound public financial management, with special references to the Eastern Cape Province." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/2017.
Full textAbstract:
The 1996 Constitution of South Africa and the Public Audit Act of 2004 provide the legislative framework for the Office of the Auditor General of South Africa (OAGSA). The Independent Regulatory Board for Auditors further enriched the interpretation of the framework – for government auditing. Over the years of democratic rule in South Africa, audit performance by State organs was generally poor. Despite the efforts by the OAGSA to improve the performance, very little improvement was notable. Most disturbing was the observation that there was widespread, a prevalence of recurring findings, which indicated that the OAGSA’s recommendations and guidelines were not acted upon, or largely ignored. Firstly, the research study established that the system of capitalist democracy, which comes in different varieties throughout world democracies, indeed brought about a situation where the electorate was effectively removed from its rightful place of being the principal, and had its place taken up by political parties (which are in fact, agents) - which (parties) governed on its (the electorate’s) behalf. This system, taken together with the Principal Agency and the Rational Choice Theories – fully explained the prevalence of maladministration and malfeasance in government in South Africa. Secondly, the study established that the OAGSA has done everything imaginable in its attempts to improve audit performance in government institutions – using the carrot rather than the stick approach. The legislative framework cited above, revealed that the OAGSA has the power to audit and report, while Parliament has the power to enforce corrective action. The lesson of this revelation is: that there is not much that the OAGSA can achieve without a high level of cooperation between itself and Parliament – if audit performance is to be effectively, and appreciably improved in South Africa. A disappointing discovery however was indirectly delivered to the world, through the results of a research study conducted by one Wehner in 2002, on Public Accounts Committees (PACs) (alias Standing Committees on Public Accounts (SCOPAs)) in world democracies. The Wehner study clearly demonstrated that there was nothing contained in these committees’ founding documents or enabling legislation – which in no uncertain terms, directed the committees on what procedures and processes to follow to ensure that their resolutions were acted upon. In other words there was no enforcement mechanism discernible for their resolutions. Thirdly, there were developments in case law in South Africa, which augured well for Constitutional Institutions in general. They are contained in court judgements relating to the mandate of the Office of the Public Protector (OPP). The question at the core of these developments was: whether the decisions or remedial action emanating from the OPP, were binding and enforceable. Two judgements cited as cases in point, one a High Court judgment and another a Supreme Court of Appeal’s (SCA’s), feature in the research report. The SCA, in summary found that decisions of administrative bodies of State – stand in fact and in law, until such time that a court of law invalidates them. The SCA ruled through citing a High Court judgement passed way back in 2004 - that Constitutional Institutions, although not organs of State per se – were certainly included in this 2004 finding, if one considers the rationale of this initial finding, taken together with the purpose for which Constitutional Institutions were established in South Africa in the first place. In conclusion, although visible root causes of poor audit findings appear overall to be poor consequence management and questionable leadership quality in government, the system of capitalist democracy is ultimately to blame. The system certainly had unintended consequences.
29
Tshabalala, Alfred Mshengu. "Financing public hospitals in South Africa : the case of the Industrial Development Corporation (IDC) and the Development Bank of Southern Africa (DBSA)." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97444.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MDF)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The research on this topic was motivated by the concern about the state of disarray in the public hospitals infrastructure and that due to budget constrain across the globe, the governments can no longer afford to provide public health services alone without the assistance of the private sector. South African public healthcare system continues to function in a state of disarray. Public hospitals serve the vast majority of the South African population, but are underfunded and in most cases these hospitals have ailing infrastructure. The study will look at the mechanism to fund public hospitals. This study examines the role that the Industrial Development Corporation and the Development Bank of Southern Africa can play in addressing the gap that exists in funding public hospitals. It will attempt to answer the following questions of concern, how is public healthcare financed in South Africa, what are the major challenges in financing public hospitals, what is the current role played by the Industrial Development Corporation and the Development Bank of Southern Africa in funding the public hospitals and what are the other possible solutions to address these challenges. The findings indicate that, despite the government funding the public hospitals there is a shortfall of funds for hospitals to complete the project that they are engage in. Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital and other five cases of hospitals in KwaZulu Natal were looked at and confirmed that there is definitely a gap in funding public hospitals
30
Botes, Cobus. "Adopting the Public Accounts Committee Model for financial oversight in South African municipalities - a case study of the Public Accounts Committee in the City of Cape Town." Thesis, University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6799.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MPA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.Since its inception in 1861 when the first public accounts committee was established in the United Kingdom, this oversight mechanism has developed into a model for non-executive financial oversight and accountability at the national and provincial levels of government throughout the Commonwealth and beyond. A few municipalities in South Africa have also established public accounts committees, but they are a few isolated cases. The hesitance on the part of South African municipalities to establish a good governance mechanism with a proven track record is a cause of concern, especially in view of the poor financial management that prevails throughout the local sphere of government. In this case study of the public accounts committee established in the City of Cape Town in 2006, the researcher explores the feasibility of the implementation of the public accounts committee model within the local government sphere in South Africa. Twenty internationally recognised public accounts committee practices were identified and used to probe the selected case to gain in-depth knowledge of the extent to which the committee adheres to these recognised practices. Where the committee deviated from accepted practices, the reasons for the deviation and its impact on the effectiveness of the committee were analysed. Finally, the key lessons learnt from the experience of the public accounts committee in the City of Cape Town are used in order to make two sets of recommendations: Firstly, recommendations on how the public accounts committee of the City of Cape Town can become more effective than it currently is – recommendations which are also relevant to any municipality wishing to establish a public accounts committee. The second set of recommendations is addressed to the national authorities in charge of finance and local government, as the challenge of establishing improved governance systems in local government is of national importance, and it is within the power of these authorities to remove a few key obstacles in the way of establishing municipal public accounts committees.
31
Zweni, Abongile Goodman. "Factors affecting management of budgets at a department in the Western Cape government, South Africa." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2682.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MTech (Business Administration))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017.Budgets are inevitable strategic tools used in the planning of the effective delivery by any organisation. In a sense budgets become the financial interpretation of work, services or products to be produced or services to be delivered by the organisation. In the same vein, government departments have plans and programmes to be implemented, and these programmes are quantified in the form of budgets. The budgeting processes are determined by the strategic imperatives and the type of leadership in an organisation, thereby differing from organisation to organisation. The traditional approach in government budgeting is that the activities to be undertaken start as political decisions which will be cascaded down to the different departments. Though the different department units construct their own budgets, the ultimate budget comes top down more than it comes top up. This research aims to identify the extent of the involvement of budget managers in the budget development process and the possible limiting factors if any. The study goes further to try to understand why there is always a seeming perpetual difference between budgets and deliveries at the end of every year. This empirical research focussed on the ‘budget practitioners’ in the particular department under study with emphasis on how they operate. Questionnaires were used to collect data which was analysed using Excel Spreadsheet and the findings were interpreted. The findings imply a need for extensive training as well as empowerment of the budget practitioners to be able to create congruence between budgets, budgeting processes, project implementation and envisage delivery to the citizens.
32
Ngamlana, Philbert Xola. "Improving public-private partnership deal flow for infrastructure delivery in South Africa : the role of National Treasury." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/984.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MDF (Development Finance))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The traditional form of delivering infrastructure and services by government is fraught with problems. These include cost overruns, time overruns and neglect of maintenance resulting in dilapidated and aged infrastructure. Public-private partnerships (PPPs) are emerging as an alternative form of delivering infrastructure, not necessarily as a solution, but as a procurement option. PPPs have not been without problems either and one of them is deal flow. In this research deal flow is referred to as a rate at which PPP projects move in the pipeline from initiation to conclusion of the contract. Initiation means registration of the project by a sponsoring institution with the National Treasury of the Republic of South Africa and conclusion of the contract means financial close. Financial close is the last stage of the project when financial institutions are ready to disburse borrowed funds. It follows immediately after contractual close, i.e. the stage when parties to the agreement (government department and private sector) signed the contract. The main objective of the research was to identify factors that lead to a slow deal flow. As discussed in the research this movement takes place at a rate of two deals per annum in South Africa presently. This is not good if compared with countries such as the United Kingdom which closes deals at a pace of around 50 per annum. However it is recognised that South Africa is a developing country and is not at the same level of development as other European countries. This comparison is therefore done for benchmarking purposes. The other objective of the research was to find out where the occurrences of the blockages are in the project life cycle with the aim of removing or mitigating their impact. Finding answers to some of these questions will not only help the National Treasury but the whole country in delivering infrastructure. The motivation for this is that infrastructure development contributes to economic development, economic growth and poverty reduction and the creation of a better South Africa for us all. The main findings of the research are that a great amount of time is spent during the inception phase, that is from registration of the project to Treasury Approval 1 for the feasibility study. Contrary to literature which suggests that more time is always spent in negotiations, that does not seem to be a problem in South Africa. Therefore an aggressive push at inception phase is necessary. Lack of clear government objectives and commitment is a problem. Poorly defined sector policies and poor risk management are problems too. There is a lack of mechanisms to attract long-term finance at affordable rates. This research has proved that other phases in the cycle, i.e. Treasury Approvals 2A to Treasury Approval 3, are not a problem. In other words, the phase of inviting, evaluating, appointing and negotiating with bidders is not a problem and therefore a slow deal flow problem can be solved if initiatives are taken right from conceptualisation to feasibility.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die tradisionele manier waarop die regering infrastruktuur voorsien is deurspek van probleme. Dit sluit in oorspandering, oorskryding van spertye en gebrek aan onderhoud wat lei tot bouvallige en verouderde infrastruktuur. Publieke-private vennootskappe (public-private partnerships (PPPs)) kom na vore as 'n alternatiewe manier om infrastruktuur te skep, nie noodwendig as 'n oplossing nie, maar as 'n opsie vir verkryging. PPPs is ook nie sonder probleme nie en een van die probleme wat in hierdie navorsingstudie aangespreek word is die vloei van transaksies. In hierdie navorsing dui die vloei van transaksies (deal flow) op die tempo waarteen PPP projekte in die pyplyn beweeg vanaf die aanvang tot die sluiting van die kontrak. Aanvang beteken registrasie van die projek deur 'n borg institusie by die Nasionale Tesourie van die Republiek van Suid-Afrika en kontraksluiting beteken finansiële sluiting. Finansiële sluiting is die laaste stadium van die projek wanneer finansiële instellings gereed is om geleende geld uit te betaal. Dit volg direk op kontraksluiting, i.e. die stadium wanneer die partye tot die ooreenkoms (regeringsdepartement en privaatsektor) die kontrak onderteken het. Die stadige tempo waarteen transaksies vloei is die onderwerp van hierdie navorsing. Die hoof-doelwit van die navorsing was om faktore te identifiseer wat lei tot 'n stadige vloei van transaksies. Soos in die navorsing bespreek, vind hierdie beweging tans plaas teen 'n tempo van twee transaksies per jaar. Dit is nie goed nie, vergeleke met lande soos die Verenigde Koninkryk waar transaksies gesluit word teen 'n tempo van 50 per jaar. Daar word egter erken dat Suid-Afrika 'n ontwikkelende land is en nie op dieselfde vlak van ontwikkeling is as die ander Europese lande nie. Hierdie vergelyking word dus bloot gedoen met die doel op die vestiging van 'n maatstaf vir toekomstige verwysing. Die ander doelwit was om uit te vind waar die blokkasies in die projek se lewensiklus is met die oog daarop om dit te verwyder of die impak daarvan te verminder. Antwoorde op sommige van hierdie vrae sal nie alleen die Nasionale Tesourie help nie, maar die hele land help om infrastruktuur te skep. Die motivering hiervoor is dat die ontwikkeling van infrastruktuur bydra tot ekonomiese ontwikkeling, ekonomiese groei en die verlaging van armoede en die skep van 'n beter Suid-Afrika vir ons almal. Die hoofbevindings van hierdie navorsing is dat daar 'n groot hoeveelheid tyd spandeer word gedurende die aanvangsfase, naamlik vanaf registrasie van die projek tot by Tesourie Goedkeuring 1 vir die lewensvatbaarheidstudie. In teenstelling met die literatuur wat beweer dat meer tyd altyd spandeer word aan onderhandelings, is dit nie die probleem in Suid-Afrika nie. 'n Aggressiewe dryfkrag met die aanvangsfase is dus nodig. 'n Gebrek aan duidelike regeringsdoelwitte en -toewyding is ook 'n probleem. Swak gedefinieerde sektorbeleide en swak risikobestuur is verdere probleme. Daar is 'n gebrek aan meganismes om langtermyn-finansiering teen bekostigbare tariewe te lok. Hierdie navorsing het getoon dat ander fases in die siklus, naamlik Tesourie Goedkeuring 2A tot Tesourie Goedkeuring 3, nie problematies is nie. Met ander woorde, die fase van nooi, evalueer, aanstel en onderhandel met aanbieders is nie 'n probleem nie en die stadige transaksievloei-probleem kan dus opgelos word as inisiatief geneem word reg aan die begin van konsepsualisering tot en met die fase van lewensvatbaarheid.
33
Kwaza, Makhosandile Hercules. "Utilisation of the Auditor-General's reports in improving the audit outcomes at selected municipalities within Amathole District Municipality (2006- 2015)." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/1664.
Full textAbstract:
Amathole District Municipality has for the past five consecutive years been receiving an unqualified audit opinion from the AGSA. This has been the trend, despite the commitment made by the Executive Mayor in April 2012 to the then Auditor-General, Mr Nombembe, that the leadership of the municipality would deliver a clean audit outcome by 30 June 2013. This scenario is replicated in the local municipalities within the district. Two of the district municipalities have for the past three consecutive years been receiving a disclaimer audit opinion. In one of the municipalities, this trend changed; and this municipality received an unqualified audit opinion for two consecutive years; while in the third year, it received a qualified audit opinion. The stagnation and regression in the audit outcomes of these municipalities may be as a result of either the non-implementation of audit-action plans to address the previous year’s audit findings; or there could be other factors resulting in the above scenario. The main objective of this study is to investigate whether the utilisation of the Auditor-General’s reports improve the audit outcomes in selected municipalities within Amathole District Municipality for the period 01 July 2006 to 30 June 2015.
34
Libala, Pozisa. "A critical assessment of the role of Eastern Cape Provincial Treasury in enforcing compliance with Public Finance Management Act for Public Entities, (South Africa)." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1015229.
Full textAbstract:
The term Public Administration meant the study of the public service. The purpose of the public service is to provide services to society. However, before any services are provided, certain functions should be undertaken within the public service. The public service is required to execute the policies of the government. In this system, public administration enables and supports the activity of public management. The public management functions are related to public administration and gives direction to the administrative conduct of public servants to ensure the effective execution of policies by the public service (Dye 1987:324). The purpose of Eastern Cape administration is to provide a legislative, political and administrative direction to the province and is also responsible for providing strategic financial direction, monitoring and oversight to the departments and the province in terms of the Public Finance Management Act, (PFMA) (Act No. 1 of 1999). The Eastern Cape administration renders strategic planning services, providing transversal policy opinions and advice and protocol development, it also provides technical and managerial support to the provincial government. Among other things it develops and implements a Human Resource strategy that gives effect to a sustainable Human Resource function and Human Resource plan in support of the organizational structure and provides financial processes to ensure efficient, effective, economical and transparent use of resources.
35
Baboojee, Beerson. "Improving service delivery through changing from cash to accrual accounting : lessons for South Africa based on a cross-national study." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/21197.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MDF)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The study undertakes an extensive literature review and analysis of the South African Government’s venture towards adopting accrual accounting in the national and provincial spheres of government. The venture is benchmarked against similar ventures of New Zealand, Australia and the United Kingdom. The experiences of other countries are used only to the extent needed to shed further light on certain issues and do not constitute a meaningful portion of the study. The study examined whether the accruals basis of accounting will increase the value of the system of accounting in the broader strategy to improve service delivery in the national and provincial spheres of government in South Africa. Two subsidiary issues are also examined: whether the departments are ready and able to cope with a change to accrual accounting in the foreseeable future; and the risks inherent in the change The main observations of the study are that the Government of South Africa (GoSA) faces a serious service delivery crisis. The government has identified that a broad package of reforms, including an improved system of accounting, is needed to address the service delivery dilemma. The change from the current modified cash to the accruals basis of accounting in the national and provincial spheres of government forms part of this solution. The change to accrual accounting is aimed at producing additional and more sophisticated information that will be used to improve decision making and ultimately the quality and cost of government services. This move is consistent with the requirements of the PFMA, which requires the government’s accounting system to operate within the GRAP framework, an accrual accounting format. The paper finds that although accrual accounting is a superior model in theory, in practice there is an increasing sense of disillusionment with the outcomes of accrual accounting, hence an accompanying decline in the interest shown by governments across the world in changing to this format. In all three countries studied there is evidence that accrual accounting reform has underperformed relative to the original expectations. Causes of this scenario are linked to the adoption of a model of accrual accounting that is not properly configured for the nuances of the public sector, poor implementation and in some cases the unrealistic expectation of seeing results too soon after implementation. These countries have had to take additional measures to obtain value, some of which nevertheless remain elusive. All three countries nevertheless cited improved asset management as the prime benefit of the accrual accounting system. It is noted that, when the information produced through the system of accrual accounting is used effectively, it ought to result in a more effective, efficient and transparent use of resources – a precondition for improving service delivery. The paradox is that accrual accounting is used in the South African municipalities and public entities, yet, the majority of these institutions have dismal service delivery records. This illustrates that accrual accounting in and of itself will not make a significant impact on the quality of service delivery and that there is a need for an intensive programme of control, governance and skills improvement alongside the accrual accounting reform. In the final analysis the study finds that there is a paucity of evidence showing the causality between the adoption of accrual accounting and improvements in service delivery; in the main because accrual accounting was introduced within a broader set of reforms and it has not been possible to isolate its impact. It is also observed that the national and provincial departments are underprepared for accrual accounting and that there are significant risks to implementing the change in the foreseeable future. Given this scenario, the hypothesis that the accruals basis of accounting is a superior model for addressing the service delivery challenges in the GoSA cannot be confirmed.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die studie onderneem 'n omvattende literatuurstudie en analise van die Suid-Afrikaanse Regering se onderneming tot die goedkeuring van Toevalling rekeningkunde in die nasionale en provinsiale sfere van die regering. Die onderneming is teen soortgelyke ondernemings van Nieu-Seeland, Australië en die Verenigde Koninkryk vergelyk. Die ervarings van ander lande word slegs gebruik in die mate wat nodig is om meer lig te werp op sekere kwessies en maak nie 'n betekenisvolle gedeelte van die studie uit nie. Hierdie studie ondersoek of die toevalling rekeningkundige grondslag die waarde van die rekeningkundige stelsel van toename in die breër strategie om dienslewering in die nasionale en provinsiale sfere van die regering in Suid-Afrika sal verbeter. Twee addisionele kwessies word ook ondersoek om te bepaal of departemente binne die afsienbare toekoms gereed en in staat sal wees om aan te gaan met 'n verandering aan die Toevalling rekeningkunde asook die risiko's wat inherent in die verandering is sal kan hanteer. Die belangrikste waarnemings van die studie is dat die Regering van Suid-Afrika 'n ernstige dienslewering krisis in die gesig staar. Die regering het vasgestel dat 'n breë pakket van die hervorming, insluitend 'n verbeterde stelsel van rekeningkunde, nodig is om die dienslewering dilemma aan te spreek. Die verandering van die huidige rekeningkundige stelsel na die toevalling basis van rekeningkunde in die nasionale en provinsiale sfere van die regering vorm deel van hierdie oplossing. Die verandering aan die toevalling rekeningkundige is gemik op die vervaardiging van addisionele en meer komplekse inligting wat gebruik sal word om besluitneming en uiteindelik die kwaliteit en koste van die regering se dienste te verbeter. Hierdie stap is in ooreenstemming met die vereistes van die PFMA, wat vereis dat die regering se rekeningkundige stelsel te bedryf binne die raamwerk van die GRAP, 'n toevalling rekeningkundige formaat. Die ondersoek het bevind dat hoewel Toevalling rekeningkunde 'n uitstekende model in die teorie is dat daar in die praktyk 'n toenemende gevoel van ontnugtering met die uitkomste van toevalling rekeningkundige is en die belangstelling wat deur die regerings regoor die wêreld in die verandering na hierdie formaat ‘n beduidende afname toon. In al drie lande wat ondersoek is, is daar bewyse dat die hervorming van die boekhoudsysteem onder presteer het met betrekking tot die oorspronklike verwagtinge wat gestel was. Die oorsake hiervan is gekoppel aan die aanvaarding van 'n model van die toevallingsgrondslag rekeningkundige wat nie behoorlik ingestel vir die nuanses van die openbare sektor, swak uitvoering en in sommige gevalle die onrealistiese verwagting dat resultate vinnig na die implementering gesien sal word. Hierdie lande het bykomende maatreëls ingestel om waarde te verkry maar sommige van die waardes bly steeds ontwykend. Al drie lande is dit eens dat verbeterde besluitneming, die primêre voordeel van die boekhoudsysteem, die kritiese insette bly vir verbeterde dienslewering. Dit is bekend dat wanneer die inligting wat deur die stelsel van toevalling rekeningkundige geproduseer word, doeltreffend gebruik word, dit tot 'n meer effektiewe, doeltreffende en deursigtige gebruik van hulpbronne behoort te lei - 'n voorvereiste vir die verbetering van dienslewering. Die paradoks is dat toevalling rekeningkunde in die munisipaliteite en openbare entiteite gebruik word, maar die meerderheid van hierdie instellings het 'n swak dienslewering rekord. Dit illustreer dat toevalling rekeningkunde in en van opsigself nie 'n beduidende impak op die gehalte van dienslewering sal maak nie en dat daar 'n behoefte vir 'n intensiewe program om beheer, bestuur en vaardighede te verbeter bykomend tot die oplopende rekeningkundige hervorming moet wees. Die studie het bevind dat daar 'n gebrek aan bewyse tussen die aanneming van toevallingrekeningkundige en die moontlike verbeterings in dienslewering met die stelsel is. In hoofsaak is die boekhoudsysteem binne 'n breër stel hervormings ingestel en kan die moontlike impak daarvan nie geisoleer word nie. Dit is ook waargeneem dat die nasionale en provinsiale departemente swak is in die toevallingrekeningkundige stelsel en dat daar beduidende risiko's vir die implementering van die verandering in die afsienbare toekoms. In lig van hierdie opsomming kan die hipotese nie bevestig word dat die toevallings rekeningkunde as ‘n beter model bevestig is om die dienslewering uitdagings aan te spreek in die Regering.
36
Buso, Luthando Gilbert. "An investigation into the challenges affecting the effective implementation of the Public Finance Management Act, 1999 (Act 1 of 1999 as amended by Act 29 of 1999) int the Eastern Cape Province with specific reference to the Provincial Department of Public Works." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/483.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of the study was to investigate challenges affecting the effective implementation of the Public Finance Management Act, 1999 (Act No. 1 of 1999 as amended by Act No. 29 of 1999) in the Eastern Cape Province with specific reference to the Provincial Department of Public Works. The research study has been conducted in such a manner that the reason to send a team of experts by the DPSA on approval by the President to come to the Eastern Cape and assist the ailing administrations of four departments is determined. The four departments that had a problem were: 1. Department of Roads and Public Works 2. Department of Health 3. Department of Education and 4. Department of Social Development The roads function of the Department of Roads and Public Works was later transferred to the Department of Transport and the Department of Roads and Public Works changed the name to Department of Public Works in September 2004. The team that was sent to the Eastern Cape together with the Director-General of the Province and the Superintendent-General of the Provincial Treasury formed up the IMT. The objective was to introduce turnaround strategies that would enable the four departments to effectively and efficiently implement the PFMA to the best interest of the South African Government. The PFMA is part of the broader strategy on improving public financial management in the public sector in the Republic of South Africa. It prescribes measures to ensure responsibility, accountability and transparency in national and provincial departments. Qualified Auditor-General’s reports for the previous financial years compelled the President in 2002 to establish Interim Management Team (IMT) in the Eastern Cape, comprising of experts from national government, to assist the ailing administration in four provincial departments, including the Department of Roads and Public Works. Questionnaires to employees, Auditor-General, Provincial Director-General, Superintendent-General of Provincial Treasury and as well as to the Accounting Officer of the Department of Public Works, were designed and issued out for completion. Interviews were also conducted to some of the employees. The assumption is that the majority of employees do not understand policies and procedures of the department and they displayed this by remaining neutral in questions asked and disagreed with some of the statements. During the interview process, the majority emphasised their protest against over usage of consultants by the department. Preference given to candidates from outside the department when senior posts are advertised instead of looking for excellently performing candidates from the internal ranks of serving employees, has been outlined as one of the elements contributing to low moral and low productivity in the workplace. Over usage of consultants and a big number of employees who disagreed with statements and remained neutral signify incapacity of the management to perfectly implement the PFMA for sound public financial management in the department. It has been established that regular risk assessments are not conducted, poor organisational structure with many posts that are not filled, no Anti-Corruption Unit to implement Public Service Anti-Corruption Strategy and, no clear managerial lines of accountability due to poor planning, ineffective internal controls and procedures, all render the department incapable of becoming one of the best provincial departments that get unqualified audit report from the Auditor-General. The findings provide clear indication that drastic transformation of the department into an institution that can perfectly implement the PFMA is necessary. The implication is that mismanagement of financial resources and fraud and corruption defeat service delivery objectives. Strategic objectives of the department are not achieved. The Eastern Cape Provincial Departments are obliged to align their strategic plans to the Provincial Growth and Development Plan (2004 – 2014). Therefore the implication is that, poor performance by the Department of Public Works impacts negatively to this provincial objective. Lack of effective control systems has negative implications on the administration of the department and renders it vulnerable to fraud and corruption.
37
Vilakazi, Siyakhula. "A case study on the challenges faced by municipalities in implementing the new Generally Recognised Accounting Practices standards." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95687.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.Section 216 (1)(a) of the South African constitution of 1996, as amended, requires financial reporting of municipalities and municipal entities to be aligned with the GRAP (all three spheres of government are required to comply). The Municipal Finance Management Act No. 56 of 2003 (MFMA) also requires this principle. The main objective of this principle is to ensure the transparency and consistency of financial reporting in the public sector. The objective of the public Finance Management Act, Act 1 of 1999 (PFMA), as amended, is to improve the components of financial management and financial administration in government reforms since 1994, giving recognition to the need to improve the value for money that the public sector provides to the citizens of South Africa. Government is increasing its interest in measuring and reporting on programme performance. The ability to obtain maximum benefit from increasingly limited resources can be enhanced by an understanding of the results of the programmes for which budget resources have been expended. The objective of government is to provide services, in contrast to the objective of private sector organisations, which is to earn profits and enhance return on investment, both of which are monetary objectives. The report on programme performance measures is not only an appropriate reporting statement, but is likely to be the most important statement for those persons interested in how the government entity is using the resources. (The Southern African Institute of Government Auditors, 2010) The introduction of such reports is considered to be an urgent priority for accountability purposes. The “appropriation accounts” that were previously prepared on a cash basis of accounting focused on inputs side only. It did not measure the resources consumed during the period under review, thus the actual cost of programmes is not measured, controlled or reported. In the absence of accurate cost information, performance measures of efficiency and cost-effectiveness cannot be readily determined other than by performing expensive ad-hoc studies. In contrast, the accrual accounting basis of accounting more readily provides the true cost of resources consumed. The introduction of GRAP on an accrual basis of accounting is therefore an urgent priority (The Southern African Institute of Government Auditors, 2010). In 2002, the Accounting Standards Board (ASB) was established. The main objective of the ASB was to develop the standards of GRAP. The GRAP standards are in line with International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS), which are in turn in line with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The transformation from the IMFO and GAMAP accounting frameworks to GRAP is a very challenging task. This research report is an exploratory study to highlight challenges faced by municipalities when implementing GRAP standards. The main challenges faced in the implementation of the GRAP standards include the following: • The identification, classification, and measurement of property, plant and equipment in line with GRAP 17 requirements; • Complex standards that require accounting technical expertise which include the following: o IFRS 9: financial instruments; o GRAP 9: revenue from exchange transactions; o GRAP 17: property, plant and equipment; • Existing staff lacking necessary knowledge and skills to implement GRAP standards; • Amending accounting policies and procedures to be in line with GRAP standards and where amended, difficulty in accounting for changes in accounting policies; and • The actual preparation of financial statements. Despite these challenges, the benefits of GRAP standards, which are on accrual accounting basis, include those listed below. • An assessment can be made of the stewardship or accountability of management. • The true cost of goods and services rendered can be determined. • An assessment can be made of the levels of borrowings and other liabilities, as well as an extent of the guarantees provided by the government. The author seeks to determine the challenges faced by municipalities when implementing GRAP standards. Once these challenges have been determined, recommendations on how to overcome the challenges will be made.
38
Mthethwa, Zamukuhle William. "Investigating the viability of rural housing finance as a vehicle for the creation of sustainable human settlement in Moletlane village – Lepelle Nkumpi municipality." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86571.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MPA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The need for sustainable human settlements, particularly for the poor, is crucial in South Africa (SA). This is because of the apartheid spatial constructs that segregated the black population groups from white minority and denied them equal access to economic opportunities, housing, as well as basic and social services (Smeddle-Thompson, 2012). Many South Africans remain without basic services in the many informal settlements. Even those who have jobs and a consistent salary find it difficult to sustain a decent quality of life, as they fall outside of the subsidy bracket but at the same time are unable to afford and access the mortgage products available from commercial banks (Department of Human Settlement, 2009). Consequently, the South African government is faced with the task of developing sustainable human settlements and improving quality of household life. For this reason, many initiatives such as legislative frameworks, policies and programmes to drive housing delivery have been established since 1994 and millions of rands have been used to implement such initiatives. However, housing delivery remains a challenge. Thus, the researcher sought to investigate the viability of rural housing finance in creating sustainable human settlement in rural areas, with special focus on Moletlane Village as a case study. Like many rural areas in SA, Moletlane village is still faced with a challenge of housing delivery. This study was conducted within the interpretive qualitative paradigm. Techniques to collect data focused on questionnaires and interviews for validity purposes and to counter subjectivity. For the survey, 100 participants were purposefully selected based on their knowledge and their expertise in rural housing finance. The survey was followed by in-depth interviews with key personnel of Moletlane Village and a few ordinary community members to verify and complete some answers. The researcher used data collected to draw findings and made recommendations. The foremost findings revealed that rural housing finance plays a major role in rural development as it provides people with the opportunity of improving their houses and rescues them from living in substandard conditions. The overall sentiments from the respondents are that rural housing finance has led to an increase in the economic activity and job creation which is a solid foundation for the creation of sustainable human settlements. This study has established a link between rural housing finance and rural development. It is clear from the findings that participants believe in rural housing finance and value it. They see it as a good strategy to liberate their lives and of realising sustainable human settlement. However, they all acknowledged that institutions that provide housing finance are not doing much to assist rural households and that there is a gap in as far as rural housing finance is concerned. Almost all of them indicated their wish to see rural housing finance across the country. Moreover, they are of the opinion that a paradigm shift is required to tackle the rural housing finance shortfall. Hence, the study present to policy makers and government a set of recommendations discussed in full in chapter 6.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Volhoubare menslike nedersettings veral vir die armes, is van deurslaggewende belang in Suid-Afrika. Dit is as gevolg die ruimtelike afbakenings van apartheid dat die swart bevolkingsgroepe van die wit minderheid gesegregeer is en hulle gelyke toegang tot ekonomiese geleenthede, behuising, asook basiese en maatskaplike dienste ontneem is (Smeddle-Thompson, 2012). Die meeste huishoudings kan nie bekostig om in ordentlike huise te woon of bekostig om goedgeleë grond te besit nie. Gevolglik staar die taak van behuisingsverskaffing die regering in die gesig. Vele wetgewende raamwerke, beleide en programme om aan behuisingsverskaffing te voldoen, is sedert 1994 in die lewe geroep. Miljoene rand is gebruik om behuisingverskaffing te implementeer, tog bly behuisingsverskaffing ’n uitdaging. Hierdie navorsing ondersoek die haalbaarheid van landelike behuisingsfinansiering deur volhoubare menslike nedersettings in landelike gebiede te skep, met spesiale fokus op Moletlane Village as ’n gevalle-studie. Hierdie studie is ’n gevalle-studie wat binne die interpretatiewe kwalitatiewe paradigma uitgevoer is. Tegnieke wat gebruik is om data in te samel het op vraelyste en onderhoude gefokus vir die doel van geldigheid en om subjektiwiteit teen te werk. Vir die opname is 100 deelnemers doelbewus gekies, gebaseer op hulle kennis en sommiges vanweë hulle kundigheid in landelike behuisingsfinansiering. Die opname is gevolg deur deurdringende onderhoude met sleutelpersoneel van Moletlane Village en ’n paar gewone gemeenskapslede te voer om sommige antwoorde te kontroleer en te voltooi. Data wat ingesamel is, is gebruik vir bevindinge en om voorstelle te maak. Bevindinge het openbaar dat daar ’n groot aanvraag vir landelike behuisingsfinansiering is. Dit speel ’n belangrike rol in landelike ontwikkeling, want dit plaas landelike mense op dieselfde vlak as diegene in townships en voorstede. Dit maak dit moontlik vir landelike mense om kwaliteit behuising met spoeltoilette, lopende water, warmwatersilinders, sanitasie en ander geriewe te hê wat as vreemd vir landelike gebiede voorkom. Die algehele sentimente van die respondente is dat landelike behuisingsfinansiering tot ’n toename in ekonomiese aktiwiteit en werkverskaffing gelei het, wat as ’n vaste grondslag dien vir die skepping van volhoubare menslike nedersettings. Oor die algemeen het landelike behuising lewens verander, mense van die vernedering gespaar wat onder gesubstandaardiseerde omstandighede lewe en sodoende die waardigheid van die mense herstel. Dit word bewys dat instellings wat behuisingsfinansiering verskaf, nie veel doen om landelike huishoudings te help nie, maar indien hulle hul daartoe verbind, kan hulle die behuisingsfinansiële mark uitbrei. Deur hierdie navorsing, is ’n skakel tussen landelike behuisingsfinansiering en landelike ontwikkeling teweeggebring. As gevolg hiervan, is ’n aantal aanbevelings in hierdie studie gemaak wat breedvoerig in hoofstuk 6 bespreek word.
39
Mawonga, Thembinkosi Arthwell. "A critical analysis of the applicability of King III in the local government sphere: a case of the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality in the Eastern Cape from 2009-2011." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1001236.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this mini-dissertation is to investigate the applicability of the King III in local government sphere, as well as to evaluate the impact it is likely to have if its principles and recommendations were to be fully implemented. Local government has been plagued by very serious challenges of poor service delivery and this has been attributed, in the main, to a lack of adequate resources to address backlogs and maintain existing infrastructure. it is therefore very important that all resources are harnessed and channelled to where they are most need, in service delivery. The investigation of the systems and procedures that are in place to ensure prudent financial management and accountability is a worthwhile study. the BMC, is one of two economic hubs of the Eastern Cape. The mini dissertation commences with assessment of governance arrangements that are in place at the BMC against the minimum standards proposed by the King III. It explores the full range of principles proposed in the codes and compares that to practices and procedures at BMC. To avoid a long winded discussion because the principles are close to ten in number; these have been combined and formulated into four broad themes. A consolidated discussion on manifestations on bad governance or poor adherence to good governance in the public sector is discussed in detail. Finally, the impact of various initiatives currently being pursued to promote good governance will be examined, key lessons will be drawn and recommendations for further studies will be made.
40
Hendrie, Delia Verbara. "Aspects of South African state welfare policy : a study in public finance and income redistribution." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16349.
Full textAbstract:
Bibliography: pages 242-256.International redistribution studies vary in scope from those which investigate the full range of all benefits and costs of the fiscal system to others restricting their coverage to the distributive impact of a single expenditure or tax. In South Africa relatively little research has been directed to the distributive consequences of state spending and taxing policies. The few existing studies have mainly concentrated on race as an explanatory variable in analyzing budget incidence. This thesis adopted a new technique of measuring the incidence of benefits obtained from state spending and the burdens imposed by tax payments. The first step involved constructing household-level microdata files for sample households. Secondly, allocation routines were developed for selected expenditures and taxes whereby the benefits and costs of fiscal action could be assigned to households. Lastly these routines were applied separately to the files of each household. The distributive effects of the expenditures and taxes could then be analyzed with respect to any relevant household variable.
41
Snowball, Jen. "The economic valuation of cultural events in developing countries: combining market and non-market valuation techniques at the South African National Arts Festival." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002703.
Full textAbstract:
The arts in many countries, but particularly in developing ones, are coming under increasing financial pressure and finding it difficult to justify the increases in government funding needed to maintain and grow the cultural sector. The trend in cultural economics, as well as in other areas, appears to be towards including qualitative valuations, as well as the more traditional quantitative ones. This thesis argues that the value of cultural events should include long term historical qualitative analysis, financial or economic impact and a valuation of the positive externalities provided by cultural events and that any one of these should only be regarded as a partial analysis. Four methods of valuing the arts using the South African National Arts Festival (NAF) as an example are demonstrated. Firstly, a qualitative historical analysis of the role of the NAF in South Africa’s transformation process from Apartheid to the democratic New South Africa is examined, using theories of cultural capital as a theoretical basis. It is argued that the value of cultural events needs to take into account long-term influences especially in countries undergoing political and social transformation. The second valuation method applied is the traditional economic impact study. Four economic impact studies conducted on the NAF are discussed and methodologies compared. It is concluded that, despite the skepticism of many cultural economists, the method can provide a useful partial valuation and may also be used for effective lobbying for government support of the arts. Chapter four discusses willingness to pay studies conducted at the NAF in 2000 and 2003 (as well as a pilot study conducted at the Klein Karoo Nationale Kunstefees). It is found that lower income and education groups do benefit from the positive externalities provided by the Festival and that this is reflected in their willingness to pay to support it. It is also argued that such contingent valuation studies can provide a reasonably reliable valuation of Festival externalities, but that they may be partly capturing current or future expected financial gains as well. Finally, the relatively new choice experiment methodology (also called conjoint analysis) is demonstrated on visitors to the NAF. The great advantage of this method in valuing cultural events is that it provides part-worths of various Festival attributes for different demographic groups. This enables organizes to structure the programme in such a way as to attract previously excluded groups and to conduct a cost-benefit analysis for each part of the Festival.
42
Ndhleve, Simbarashe. "Agricultural public spending, growth and poverty linkage hypotheses in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/493.
Full textAbstract:
The adoption of the Millennium Development Goal 1 (MDG1) of reducing the rate of poverty to half of the 1990-level by 2015, the advent of democracy in South Africa, among other things, have raised concerns over the potential role of the agricultural sector. There is a belief that the sector has the capacity to successfully reduce poverty among the rural masses and contribute to addressing the problem of inequality in South Africa. In line with that thinking, South Africa‘s agricultural sector has attracted considerable fiscal policy interest. For instance, South Africa‘s statistics show that public investments in agricultural development programmes have been growing. In spite of this, rural poverty is still a major concern on an overall basis. However, this might not be the case in the Eastern Cape Province and the situation might be different for each district municipality. This study assesses the linkages between public agricultural investment, agricultural growth and poverty reduction in the Eastern Cape Province. The study also addresses the question whether Eastern Cape Province is on course to meet several regional development targets. The study also aims to provide an estimate of the amount of agricultural investment required to attain the agricultural productivity growth rate which is sufficient to meet MDG1. The study reviewed the various theories of public spending, linkages between public investment and agricultural growth and how these components affect the incidence of poverty. The conventional wisdom that public expenditure in agriculture positively affects economic growth and this growth consequently reduces poverty was noted. The reviews also revealed that in many developing countries, the current level of public agricultural investment needs to be increased significantly for countries to meet the MDG1. This study employed the decomposition technique and growth elasticity of poverty concept to estimate the response of poverty to its key determinants. The size of public spending, prioritization of public spending and the intensity in the use of public funds emerged as important in increasing agricultural production. The relationship between government investment in agriculture and agricultural GDP shows iv that public funds were largely behind the province‘s success in increasing agricultural production throughout the period from 1990s to 2010. Agricultural spending went to sustainable resource management, administrative functions and then farmer support programme. Exceptional growth in the size of spending was recorded in respect to agricultural economic function, structured agricultural training, sustainable resource management and veterinary services. Overall output from the agricultural sector fluctuated, and the sector contributed less than 5 per cent to the total provincial GDP. Correlations between growth in agricultural sector and changes in the incidence of poverty in Eastern Cape show that during the period 1995 to 2000, increases in the agricultural GDP per capita may have failed to benefit the poor as poverty increased in all the reported cases.–However, for the period between 2005 and 2010, the situation was different and it was observed that increases in agricultural GDP per capita and were associated with reduction in the incidence of poverty. Growth elasticity of poverty (GEP) estimates reveal that agricultural GDP per capita was more important in reducing poverty in 5 out of the 7 district municipalities. Non-agricultural GDP per capita was only important in two district municipalities. It emerged that most of the district municipalities are not in a position to meet any of the regional set goals. This situation is largely attributable to the province‘s failure to boost agricultural production which is an outcome of low and inefficient public expenditure management, inconsistent and misaligned policies and failure to fully embrace the concept of pro-poor growth. Varied provisional estimates for the required agricultural growth rate and the increase in public spending on agriculture required in order to reach MDG1 were calculated for each district municipalities. All the district municipalities of Eastern Cape will need to increase public investment in agriculture for them to achieve MDG1.
43
Mangwanya, Maonei Gladys. "An assessment of the budgeting system in the Eastern Cape Department of Health to ensure effective and efficient health care service delivery." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/2061.
Full textAbstract:
The National Department of Health is the executive department of the South African government which is assigned to the national health issues of the country. This research was however aimed specifically on the budgeting process within the Eastern Cape Provincial Department of Health. This was provisioned by assessing the significance of the budgeting system and its correlation to efficient and effective healthcare service delivery. The aim of the research was to highlight on how policies have an effect on the budgeting system at the provincial level, considering the provincial health department is responsible for the provision of publicly funded health services. This research assessed the budgeting system in the Eastern Cape Department of Health in an attempt to propagate effective and efficient health service delivery for the general citizenry. This was a qualitative study design which harnessed the merits of secondary data as the main code of the research design which enabled the comprehension of the budgeting system in the Eastern Cape Department of Health. Data was analysed using thematic analysis to examine the distinctive themes and sub-themes identified from within the reviewed literature. The Eastern Cape Province is succumbing to insufficient funding at provincial level and this has a clear-cut reflection on the administration of services within respective departments, particularly the Health Department. This is despite the fact that the Public Finance Management Act, 1999 promotes the objectives of good financial management aimed at maximizing service delivery through the effective use of the limited resources. Resultantly it was fundamental to comprehend on the issues underpinning the scope of budget reporting as well as budget accountability and the effect it has on service delivery in the Eastern Cape Department of Health. Recommendations were thus given based on the discussed and derived themes to ensure that there is an appropriate budgeting system to ensure efficient and effective provision of health care services in the Eastern Cape Department of Health.
44
Swart, Lynette. "The legal framework pertaining to selected segments of the financial market." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1425.
Full textAbstract:
A sound financial system is the cornerstone of any country‘s economy. As South Africa has always been deemed to have a sound legal framework pertaining to the financial market, it has never faced the situation where it had to extensively review its entire legal framework. However, the recent global economic meltdown left policy makers, internationally, questioning the soundness of their financial systems and South Africa has been no exception. This dissertation provides an overview of the legal framework pertaining to selected segments of the financial market. This legal framework is then tested against certain selected issues highlighted by the global economic meltdown in order to establish whether it was and still is sufficiently robust to effectively negotiate these challenges. In order to deal with the selected segments of the legal framework pertaining to the financial market as comprehensively as possible, the selected segments for the purposes of this dissertation include the capital market, the money market and the derivative market. This dissertation also evaluates the impact of other recent domestic developments pertaining to securities settlement in South Africa. These developments include the recently promulgated Companies Act 71 of 2008 and the currently drafted Participant Failure Manual. This dissertation suggests that the Companies Act 71 of 2008 will have a significant impact on securities settlement. It is recommended that companies, holders of uncertificated securities and holders of beneficial interests in uncertificated securities familiarise themselves with their revised rights and obligations in order to, amongst other things, ensure compliance with this new legislative framework. This dissertation reveals that, even though our financial system has been found to be fundamentally sound and thus far have dealt with the global economic meltdown quite well, legislative reform to conform to international best practice is imperative. It is recommended that policy makers should strive to ensure that the South African legal framework pertaining to the financial market is sufficiently aligned with the principles, methodologies and recommendations as provided for by the international institutions providing best practice. The highlighted areas of legislative reform include the legal frameworks pertaining to credit rating agencies, investor due diligence, ix crisis management tools, compensation structures, accounting and valuations standards, issuer transparency, market transparency and risk management. This dissertation highlights that a significant amount of legislative amendments and endorsements by the relevant regulators and the Master of the Court are required for the successful integration of the Participant Failure Manual into the legal framework pertaining to the financial market. If, when and how the notion of Participant Failure will be accepted and regulated by the relevant regulators, without creating a conflict of interest, remains a question to be answered.
45
Khashe, Sivuyile Churchill. "An assessment of the Auditor General's contribution to good governance in the public service: a case of the Eastern Cape provincial administration." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/1675.
Full textAbstract:
The Office of the Auditor -General’s role is by no means minor, for it plays a major role in curbing corruption and acts as a ‘’watchdog’’ of the nation over public funds. Amidst high mismanagement and misuse of public resources, as well as corruption, especially in developing countries, the major question one asks is how effective the Auditor -General can be in ensuring good governance within state departments so as to improve service delivery. The gaps between approved budgets and the realisation of policy and development goals stand among key governance challenges in many developing countries. Supreme Audit Institutions (SAIs) play an important role in holding governments to account. However, many SAIs including AGSA face serious challenges when trying to evaluate the expenditures and performance of government agencies. Therefore this study suggests that more resources should be invested in the office of the AG so as to allow it to carry out its duties without impediments. Good governance and public finance accountability is becoming increasingly important in the public sector. One means of effecting good governance and accountability is through auditing. For this reason the Office of the Auditor-General through the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 1996 (Act 108 of 1996 section 216 (1)) was established to facilitate and encourage good governance and effective accountability through auditing. To this end the study assesses the contribution made by the AGSA in encouraging good governance practices in government departments in the Eastern Cape Province.
46
Van, Nieuwenhuyzen Bernard J. "Financial literacy as core competency of South African military officers : a measurement instrument." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1087.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (PhD (School of Public Management and Planning
))—University of Stellenbosch, 2009.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Since 1994, education and training in South Africa has experienced various changes, driven mainly by the Green Paper on Skills Development and the White Paper on Education which set objectives and outcomes and gave guidelines on how education and training should be approached, planned, and managed. The White Paper on Education necessitated change in SA tertiary institutions such as Stellenbosch University and its respective faculties. The Faculty of Military Science, which is situated at the South African Military Academy (SAMA) in Saldanha, accepted the challenge of contributing to the full personal development of students, by undertaking to shape people capable of organising and managing themselves and their human activities, including their financial activities, responsibly and effectively. The success of higher education institutions in empowering young people to be financially capable is questioned by various publications and surveys. Preliminary findings from surveys in 2004 and 2005 among students at the SAMA suggest that they are largely financially illiterate, thus potentially economically volatile. These findings introduce the research problem and serve as a foundation for the development of a scientific, socially relevant, valid and reliable financial literacy measurement instrument. A combined qualitative and quantitative research methodology is applied to develop a measurement instrument, which is then assessed for validity and reliability by applying it in a case study. The secondary objective of this research is the social study of the financial knowledge, financial behaviour and financial attitude levels of individuals. To ensure relevance between the case study and the measurement instrument, financial literacy is initially evaluated as a management competency. Financial literacy is stated as a key competency in the South African National Defence Force (SANDF). The financial literacy measurement instrument was constructed after an exploration of the contextual and conceptual nature of financial literacy. A questionnaire was selected as the ideal method of gathering the required information. The questionnaire’s validity and reliability were assessed as part of descriptive research in the development phase, as well as in the case study. The face and content validity were proven through input from respondents and subject experts. Reliability of the measurement instrument was assessed by calculating item difficulty, item discrimination, means, standard deviations and ultimately the internal consistency of the financial knowledge, behaviour and attitude sections of the measurement instrument. In the case study first-year students achieved an average of 50.17% for their financial knowledge although they rated their own knowledge levels to be 60.8%. The respondents struggled most with questions pertaining to investment, insurance, and inflation, and least with retirement and income and expenditure questions. This research underlines the importance of financial literacy as a management competency and its importance at a global, national, organisational and personal level. It produces a valid and reliable financial literacy measurement instrument that can be used by different stakeholders in South Africa to assess financial knowledge, behaviour and attitude, and thus indicate where intervention is required. Having a valid and reliable measurement instrument for measuring financial literacy creates opportunity for future research and development.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Sedert 1994 het die opvoeding- en opleidingsteater in Suid-Afrika dramatiese veranderinge ondergaan met veral die die Groenskrif op Vaardigheidsontwikkeling en die Witskrif op Opvoeding, wat die doelwitte en uitkomste gestel het en die toon aangegee het in terme van hoe opvoeding en opleiding aangepak, beplan en bestuur behoort te word. Verandering genoodsaak deur die Witskrif op Opvoeding sou by assosiasie ook verandering noodsaak in SA tersiêre inrigtings soos Stellenbosch Universiteit en haar fakulteite. Die Fakulteit Krygskunde, gevestig by die Suid-Afrkaanse Millitêre Akademie (SAMA) in Saldanha, het die uitdaging aanvaar om by te dra tot die totale persoonlike ontwikkeling van studente deur te onderneem om mense te vorm wat in staat sal wees om hulself en hul aktiwiteite verantwoordelik en doeltreffend te bestuur, insluitend hul finansiële aktiwiteite. Hoër Onderwys se sukses met die bemagtiging van jong mense tot finansieel vaardige individue is deur verskeie navorsingsverslae bevraagteken. Voorlopige bevindinge van studies in 2004 en 2005 onder voograadse studente van die SAMA is dat hulle grootliks finansieel ongeletterd is en gevolglik ekonomies kwesbaar. Die bevindinge is die vertrekpunt van die probleemstelling vir hierdie studie, en vorm die basis vir die ontwikkeling van 'n wetenskaplik- en sosiaalrelevante, geldige en betroubare finansiële geletterdheidsmetingsinstrument. 'n Gekombineerde kwalitatiefkwantitatiewe navorsingsmetodologie is toegepas in die ontwikkeling van 'n metingsinstrument, en die verbandhoudende bepaling van sy geldigheid en betroubaarheid deur die toepassing daarvan in 'n gevallestudie. Die sekondêre doelwit van hierdie navorsing is die sosiale studie van die finansiële kennis-, finansiële gedrags- en finansiële houdingsvlakke van individue. Ten einde relevansie tussen die gevallestudie en die metingsinstrument te verseker, is finansiële geletterdheid aanvanklik as 'n bestuursvaardigheid geëvalueer. Finansiële geletterdheid word in die Suid-Afrikaanse Nasionale Weermag (SANW), as kernvaardigheid aangedui. Die finansiële geletterdheidsinstrument is gekonstrueer na 'n verkenning van die konteksuele en konsepsuele aard van finansiële geletterdheid. 'n Vraelys is geselekteer as die ideale metode om die relevante data te bekom. Die vraelys se geldigheid en betroubaarheid is as deel van deskriptiewe navorsing in die ontwikkelingsfase, en ook tydens die gevallestudie, bepaal. Die gesigs- en inhoudsgeldigheid is bevestig deur respondentterugvoer en vakspesialisinsette. Betroubaarheid van die metingsinstrument is bepaal deur die berekening van itemmoeilikheidsgraad, itemdiskriminasie, gemiddelde, standaardafwyking en uiteindelik interne betroubaarheid van die finansiële kennis-, gedrags- en houdingsafdelings van die metingsinstrument. In die gevallestudie, het eerstejaarstudente 'n gemiddeld van 50.17% vir die kennisfaktor behaal, alhoewel hulle hul eie kennisvlakke gemiddeld as 60.8% aangedui het. Respondente het hoofsaaklik gesukkel met kennisvrae wat handel oor beleggings, versekering en inflasie. Hul het die minste gesukkel met kennisvrae wat handel oor aftrede en inkomste en uitgawes. Hierdie navorsing bevestig die belangrikheid van finansiële geletterdheid as bestuursvaardigheid, asook op 'n globale, nasionale, organisatoriese en persoonlike vlak. Hierdie studie het 'n geldige en betroubare finansiële geletterdheidsmetingsinstrument opgelewer; een wat deur diverse finansiële geletterdheidsaandeelhouers in Suid-Afrika aangewend kan word. Hierdie metingsinstrument sal empiriese inligting oor finansiële kennis-, gedrags-, en houdingsvlakke genereer en aantoon waar intervensie benodig word. Die belangrikheid van finansiële geletterdheid, sowel as die noodsaak vir 'n geldige en geloofwaardige metingsinstrument, is geleenthede vir verdere navorsing en ontwikkeling.
47
Ruschenbaum, Paul Alfred. "The determination of cost drivers of three public district hospitals in the Western Cape." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/8503.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MBA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.The aim of this research report is to identify and quantify the cost drivers of three district hospitals in the Western Cape, namely Knysna Hospital, Oudtshoorn Hospital and Mossel Bay Hospital, and to simultaneously measure value-driven performance indicators. An environmental scan identified various driving forces that would significantly affect change in the healthcare industry such as the brain drain of health professionals, consumerism and cost containment and efficiency initiatives. The Department of Health’s understanding of the eighth Batho Pele principle of value for money is generally understood as providing quality health care within prescribed cost limits. An attempt is made to establish the effect of the quadruple burden of disease (the HIV/AIDS pandemic, persistent infectious diseases, injury arising from violence and road traffic collisions and emerging chronic conditions) on hospital expenditure in the Eden District. Research identified Mossel Bay as a high TB burden area known as a TB “hotspot” and it is a recognized immigration transit point en route to Cape Town. The population analyses revealed that Mossel Bay is the growth point of the Eden District, showing extraordinary growth of 25% between 2007 and 2009. Personnel costs: This study revealed that personnel costs are responsible for the overwhelming majority of the total expenditure of the district hospitals.Staff numbers, occupation specific dispensation (OSD) implementation and annual wage negotiations are the cost drivers of personnel costs. This study also found a clear correlation between an over-expenditure in personnel expenses and over-expenditure in the total expenditure of all three hospitals. Health care costs: Expenditure on blood products is considered a major cost driver of clinical expenses. Laboratory expenditure is clearly the largest cost driver for clinical expenses at all three hospitals. Together with laboratory expenses, medicine and medical supplies are the cost drivers for clinical expenses. Costs not related to health care: The three most significant administrative expenses are communication, stationery and printing as well as travel and subsistence allowances. The cost driver for subsistence and travel expenses is the number of vehicles followed by the preference of vehicle, which in turn determines the daily tariff and the kilometre tariff. This study revealed that Knysna Municipality has the cheapest electricity cost of the three towns. It is clear that cost and consumption of electricity and water are the two variables that affect municipal service expenditure the most. Equity: When the district hospital expenditure is combined with the primary health care expenditure in the three sub-districts, the figures show that Oudtshoorn is spending 3% more than its equitable share of the total budget at a higher cost of R978 per capita, in excess of R100 above the district average. Efficiency: The cost per patient day equivalent (PDE) per economic classification for all three hospitals is less than the average cost per PDE of the district hospitals in the Western Cape. The cost/PDE of Oudtshoorn Hospital is considerably higher than that of Knysna and Mossel Bay in all economic classifications, with the single exception of the agency cost of Mossel Bay Hospital. The cost of health care always reflects a combination of price, quantity and value, and it is impossible to consider individual cost drivers in isolation. Several cost-saving initiatives and managerial control measures are recommended.
48
Schultz, Robert. "Perceptions of the financial sustainability of an indigent policy in a selected municipality in the Western Cape, South Africa." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2581.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MTech (Public Administration))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2017.The eradication of poverty is an important priority for the South African government. The Constitution makes provision for vulnerable households. Local government has to formulate policies to address the needs of the poor. Municipalities formulated and adopted Indigent Policies to ensure that poor households have access to essential basic services. This led the researcher to identify what challenges are related to the financial sustainability of the Indigent Policy in its implementation process in the City of Cape Town for the period 2003 to 2016. This study followed a qualitative research approach. Data was collected by conducting in-depth interviews. The selected participants had access to information relevant to the policy. The researcher respected the rights of participants by allowing them the freedom to withdraw at any stage of the research study, ensuring confidentiality, ensuring anonymity, ensuring fair treatment and protecting the participants from any harm and discomfort throughout the research study. The researcher holds that all the respondents are confident that the Indigent Policy is sustainable. However, should it become too expensive for the City of Cape Town, it could result in the budget being reprioritised. It is recommended that the City of Cape Town develops a beneficiary system for qualifying indigents to allow them to receive additional benefits from other facilities such as libraries, swimming pools and the MyCiTi bus services.
49
Brown, Clive Jimmy William. "Teachers’ and parents’ experiences regarding the no-fee policy in a historically disadvantaged school." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2531.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MEd)--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016.Many schools in the Western Cape Province of South Africa have opted to change from a fee-paying school to that of no-fee paying school, due to the small or no income of funding received annually from learners from poor economic backgrounds. The study aimed to investigate whether this school fee system was able to successfully address barriers which the previous system was unable to, and for this reason I addressed the stakeholders who are involved in the implementation of this no-fee school policy. This study aimed to explore the experiences of teachers and parents at the no-fee school well after its transition from feepaying. In summary, the study examined whether the no-fee allocated funds per learner were able to improve the school performance indicators (school facilities, resources, teacher complement, pass rates, infrastructure, etc.), since the change took place. The study applied a qualitative case study methodology to realize its purpose. I used purposeful sampling to select one newly declared no-fee school. From this school, one principal, six teachers and four sets of parents were interviewed on their experiences regarding this policy. Semi-structured interviews and observation with document analysis were triangulated to collect and enrich the data. The study revealed that this no-fee school was able to address the needs of the poor in the Lotus River historically disadvantaged community.
50
Muvirimi, Nyasha. "Application of value for money assessment in public-private partnerships in the road transport sector : a case of the N4 (East) toll road." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95586.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MDF)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of this research was to understand how value for money (‘VfM’), an important decision pillar in public procurement, is applied in South Africa, and compare the VfM regulated framework with other global practices in the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, Singapore and Hong Kong. VfM is applied when deciding the most appropriate procurement method that utilises public funds in the most cost effective, equitable and transparent manner. Although VfM is vital in the public sector, it is one of the most misunderstood and controversial procurement aspects. The various actors in public procurement processes tend to complicate this key aspect due to their conflicting objectives in relation to a given project. Chief among these are the political influences on the public managers, which tend to manipulate the procurement choice. Consequently over the years, the VfM assessments performed before selecting a procurement method have not been publicly available, thereby increasing concern on whether VfM is achieved, particularly when involving the private sector through public-private partnership (‘PPP’) arrangements. The study explores the various components of VfM, which are the public sector comparator, risk allocation mechanisms, particularly for the road sector projects, discount rates and post project implementation monitoring systems. More importantly, the research analysed how these various aspects were assessed on procuring the N4 toll road. South African National Road Agency SOC Limited (‘SANRAL’), although it did not have the benefit of a PPP guideline as is the case now, it performed extensive feasibility studies and held a transparent procurement process before selecting the private sector party to the PPP. Interestingly, project that was pre-identified as a PPP procurement model and had political support from both the Mozambique and South African governments from inception in order to make it work. The comparative analysis of the South African PPP framework and the selected global PPP markets revealed that the local VfM guidelines were comparable in most aspects such as the PSC construction and risk management methodologies. However, the South African practices could be further improved with increased transparency incorporated in the procurement process such as the publication of the PPP contract once finalised – a practice common in the developed markets analysed. This will go a long way to increasing acceptance of the PPP procurement model in a market that is tainted with mistrust of same. There is need for the civil servants to be trained on the VfM assessment processes so that such analyses are not limited to PPP-type projects, but to conventionally-procured infrastructure projects for increased accountability and effective use of public funds.