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1
van der Berg, S. "Ageing, public finance and social security in South Africa." Southern African Journal of Gerontology 7, no. 1 (October 1998): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21504/sajg.v7i1.124.
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Heath, William. "South Africa: Public Sector Corruption." Journal of Financial Crime 7, no. 4 (February 2000): 373–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb025960.
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Dzomira, Shewangu. "Internet banking fraud alertness in the banking sector: South Africa." Banks and Bank Systems 12, no. 1 (April 26, 2017): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.12(1-1).2017.07.
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This paper analyzes internet banking fraud alertness to the general public by the South African banking institutions. The study is centered on routine activity theory, which is a criminology theory. A qualitative content analysis was used as the research technique for the interpretation of the text data from each bank’s website through the systematic classification process of coding and identifying themes or patterns to provide an in-depth understanding of internet banking fraud alertness in the banking sector. A sample size of 13 out of 16 locally and foreign controlled retail banks in South Africa was used. The findings report that banks are not adequately providing internet fraud alertness information to the general public on their websites notwithstanding that most banks they do provide such information to log-in users and the use of that information is doubtful. This study suggests a need to augment internet banking fraud alertness information and passably inform internet banking users of the types of internet banking fraud perpetrated by internet fraudsters before they log-in for transacting. Considering the current and widespread quandary of internet banking fraud, the information of this paper is important for internet banking users to improve their aptitude in identifying fraudulent schemes and circumvent them, and for the banking institutions to invest more in the provision of internet banking fraud information to the general public.
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Møller, Valerie. "The South African pension system." Ageing and Society 18, no. 6 (November 1998): 713–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x98227152.
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A. Sagner. 1998. The 1944 Pension Laws Amendment Bill: old-age security policy in South Africa in historical perspective, ca. 1920–1960. Southern African Journal of Gerontology7, 1, 10–14.S. van der Berg. 1998. Ageing, public finance and social security in South Africa. Southern African Journal of Gerontology7, 1, 3–9.The latest issue of Southern African Journal of Gerontology traces the origins of the South African social pensions system and addresses contemporary issues. In her editorial, Monica Ferreira (1998) notes that South Africa is one of only two countries in Africa that operates a social old-age system. Although the value of the South African social pension system is low in terms of real income (R490 in July 1998 – approximately US$100), the pension is generous in comparison with other developing countries. The take-up rate of the pension is virtually 90 per cent in the case of Africans, who historically were the most disadvantaged group under apartheid.
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Miruka, Collins Ogutu, Gisele Mah, and Mamello A. Nchake. "Financial guarantees and public debt in South Africa." Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 5, no. 3 (2015): 214–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rgcv5i3c2art7.
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A few years since the worst of the Euro sovereign debt crisis, many nations, from Cyprus to Ireland, including South Africa are re-visiting their public debt management to avert or lessen the impact of similar such happenings in the future. There are a number of studies on risk assessments of fiscal sustainability; however, few focus on contingent liabilities and even fewer on financial guarantees. In South Africa, financial guarantees have consistently comprised just above or below 50% of all contingent liabilities since the early days of majoritarian rule. In lieu of this, the paper analyses the risks posed by financial guarantees to fiscal sustainability in South Africa. We estimate the effect of financial guarantees on public debt in South Africa via the Engle Granger and causality model with quarterly time series data obtained from the South African Reserve Bank (SARB) as well as the National Treasury. The data covers the April 1997 to December 2011 period. All econometric methods were executed using the statistical software package E-Views 7. We found that no long run relationship exists between national net loan debt and financial guarantees in South Africa. The pass rate of financial guarantees significantly affects its present value. The pass rate of financial guarantees has a predicting ability in determining the present value of national net loan debt. These findings may be contrary to what would be expected in the case of South Africa considering that the country is managing the issuance of financial guarantees prudently and that at present levels, there is no need for a radical policy shift. The study therefore offers a lesson to similar merging economies on the good governance of contingent liabilities.
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Spindler, Zane A. "The political economy of capital gains taxation in South Africa - Part II: The public choice of capital gains taxation and public policy." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 4, no. 2 (June 30, 2001): 234–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v4i2.2639.
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Public Finance and Public Choice principles are used to analyze the ideological and practical basis for the proposed introduction of a Capital Gains Tax into the income tax system of South Africa. The paper concludes that this is a flawed tax whose time has passed - especially for countries like South Africa.
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Fourie, D. J. "The public finance management act as a reform measure to capacitate public officials." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 5, no. 1 (March 31, 2002): 219–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v5i1.2672.
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The urgent need to develop South Africa's human resources in the public service has been conceptualized in many policy documents. The underlying objective of efforts to strengthen the human resources in the public sector, is the delivery of effective services to the people of South Africa. In line with the White Paper on the Transformation of the Public Service, 1995, the effective mobilization, development and utilization of human resources are stressed as important factors in the transformation of the public service because of their contribution to individual and institutional capacity to ensure effective governance. Financial resources are important in order to develop and sustain the skills of the public servants; however, there is a tendency to cut the budget for human resource development programmes. Alternative methods should be developed to obtain additional sources of income.
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XOLANI, Thusi, Nokukhanya N. JILI, Nkosingiphile MKHIZE, and Victor H. MLAMBO. "THE MEANING OF SERVICE DELIVERY PROTEST: A CASE STUDY OF SOUTH AFRICAN LOCAL GOVERNMENT." Humanities and Social Sciences quarterly 29, no. 4 (December 31, 2022): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.7862/rz.2022.hss.31.
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The purpose of this article is to investigate the causes of service delivery protests in South African local government. The study utilized secondary data for the purposes of data collection. Local government in South Africa has witnessed lots of service delivery protest throughout the country and the cry is for effective and efficient public service delivery to the local communities throughout the country. It is vital to highlight that most of these protests are taking place as a result of corruption and bad management in South African local government. The general population is aware of this since media coverage of comparable incidents in South Africa is often quite public. The majority of South Africans are unemployed and they have to endure insurmountable poverty and deplorable living circumstances. As a consequence, the number of violent demonstrations in South Africa has increased.
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Spindler, Zane A. "The political economy of capital gains taxation in South Africa - Part I: The public finance of capital gains taxation." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 4, no. 1 (March 31, 2001): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v4i1.2628.
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Public Finance and Public Choice principles are used to analyze the ideological and practical basis for the proposed introduction of a Capital Gains Tax into the income tax system of South Africa. The paper concludes that this is a flawed tax whose time has passed - especially for countries like South Africa.
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Grote, M., N. J. Schoeman, M. L. Truu, J. H. Van Heerden, and J. J. Van Tonder. "Aspects of fiscal devolution in South Africa." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 3, no. 1 (March 31, 2000): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v3i1.2599.
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This paper is the joint product of a think tank, initiated in the public sector and extended to a group of academics. It may be seen as the executive summary of a rather voluminous report for internal use in the Department of Finance on fiscal federalism, one of the large economic issues facing the New South Africa. Debate on the subject continues.
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REGNIER, PHILIPPE. "SOUTH-SOUTH TRADE AND APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY TRANSFERS AMONG AGRO-FOOD SMES: THE CASE OF SOUTHEAST ASIA AND WESTERN AFRICA." Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship 14, no. 02 (June 2009): 121–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1084946709001193.
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This article reviews some results of a policy research project addressing agro-food SME trade promotion in Southeast Asian and Western African developing economies. The project was conducted by a group of scientific institutions based in Hanoi (Vietnam), Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso) and Geneva (Switzerland). The article documents the capacity of Southeast Asian and Western African agro-food SMEs to access domestic, regional and possibly global markets, as well as the role of international cooperation (public and private) to promote agro-food SME trade within and outside Southeast Asia, and Western Africa respectively. The article also calls for interested OECD and non-OECD partners to contribute to two types of South-South trade emerging innovations in the field of SME agro-business matching, namely, the promotion of existing and new business linkages between Southeast Asian and Western African agro-food SMEs (trade, finance and appropriate technology transfer), and the promotion of public-private partnerships to facilitate such agro-food SME business linkages between far distant Southeast Asia and Western Africa.
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Augustine Umezurike, Samuel, Chux Gervase Iwu, and Lucky Asuelime. "Socio-economic implications of South Africa’s foreign direct investment in Southern African development." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 13, no. 3 (October 10, 2016): 362–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.13(3-2).2016.08.
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Notwithstanding its struggles to tame the high levels of poverty and inequality, South Africa is considered as a major economic hub of Africa. However, as an economic hub, there are other countries that perceive South Africa as a capitalist, neo-liberal economy that goes all out to dominate not only its neighbors in the southern hemisphere, but also many other developing nations in the continent. Therefore, the main aim of the study is to assess the socio-economic implications of South Africa’s foreign direct investment in Southern Africa. As far as the authors are concerned, there is yet to be a frank analyses of the varying perspectives, as well as a holistic explanation of the clearly, yet complex relationship which exists between South Africa and many other countries in the southern hemisphere. While the authors acknowledge the efforts of several scholars in trying to juxtapoze the nuances in these relationships, they insist that there has not been a contextual treatment with due consideration for the socio-economic implications of South African business expansion in Africa. Thus, the authors sincerely believe that the paper has serious implications for emerging economies especially in Africa. Other African countries can learn from South Africa’s tactical brilliance; the way it has positioned its economy as a major economic hub in Africa with illustrious attractions that are derived from sophisticated infrastructure, a good educational system, a functional health care system and world class standard ecotourism. The study was conducted using documentary analysis and, therefore, allowed the researchers to source and utilize documents, both in private and public domain, on the basis of their relevance to the research. Keywords: democracy, foreign direct investment, public administration, Southern African Development Community, Southern African Customs Union, Southern African Power Pool, regional cooperation. JEL Classification: H5, N27, 016, 019, 024, 055
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Wishnia, Jodi, and Jane Goudge. "Strengthening public financial management in the health sector: a qualitative case study from South Africa." BMJ Global Health 6, no. 11 (November 2021): e006911. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006911.
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IntroductionEffective public financial management (PFM) ensures public health funds are used to deliver services in the best way possible. Given the global call for universal health coverage, and concerns about the management of public funds in many low-income and middle-income countries, PFM has become an important area of research. South Africa has a robust PFM framework, that is generally adhered to, and yet financial outcomes have remained poor. In this paper, we describe how a South African provincial department of health tried to strengthen its PFM processes by deploying finance managers into service delivery units, involving service delivery managers in the monthly finance meeting, using a weekly committee to review expenditure requests and starting a weekly managers’ ‘touch-base’ meeting. We assess whether these strategies strengthened collaboration and trust and how this impacted on PFM.MethodThis research used a case study design with ethnographic methods. Semi-structured interviews (n=30) were conducted with participant observations. Thematic analysis was used to identify emergent themes and collaborative public management theory was then used to frame the findings. The authors used reflexive methods, and member checking was conducted.ResultsThe deployment of staff and touch-base meeting illustrated the potential of multidisciplinary teams when members share power, and the importance of impartial leadership when trying to achieve consensus on how to prioritise resource use. However, the service delivery and finance managers did not manage to collaborate in the monthly finance meeting to develop realistic budgets, or to reprioritise expenditure when required. The resulting mistrust threatened to derail the other strategies, highlighting how critical trust is for collaboration.ConclusionEffective PFM requires authentic collaboration between service delivery and finance managers; formal processes alone will not achieve this. We recommend more opportunities for ‘boundary crossing’, embedding finance managers in service delivery units and impartial effective leadership.
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Mbonigaba, Josue, and Saidou Baba Oumar. "The relative efficiency of South African municipalities in providing public health care." African Journal of Economic and Management Studies 7, no. 3 (September 5, 2016): 346–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajems-04-2014-0028.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess whether the relative efficiency of South African municipalities in primary health care and hospital care is different and whether South African municipalities can learn from each other to improve on their efficiency. Design/methodology/approach The paper employs efficiency scores, estimated with data envelopment analysis using data from the District Health Barometer of the Health Systems Trust to rank South African municipalities across primary health care and hospital health care. Findings The finding is that the ranking of municipalities is not the same across both types of health care when efficiency scores and efficiency score growth are contemplated. These results imply that municipalities in South Africa are generally inefficient, but with the possibility of learning from each other’s practice in order to increase their technical efficiency. Practical implications The health system authority should monitor service-specific best practices among municipalities so that they can use them as practice guidelines for other municipalities. Originality/value Previous studies in South Africa have not dis-aggregated efficiency analysis across municipalities which are health system components of the broader national health system.
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Msomi, Thabiso, and Odunayo Olarewaju. "Evaluation of access to finance, market and viability of small and medium-sized enterprises in South Africa." Problems and Perspectives in Management 19, no. 1 (March 15, 2021): 281–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.19(1).2021.24.
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Access to finance and market has been described as a predominant challenge confronting small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Hence, this paper seeks to evaluate access to finance, market access and viability of SMEs. A quantitative research method and a purposive sampling technique were used to select the participants for this study. Respondents from retail, manufacturing, construction and agricultural SMEs operating in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, were selected to complete the structured questionnaires. 310 questionnaires were returned out of 321 distributed. The study revealed a significant effect of access to finance (absolute value 0.425) and access to market (absolute vale 0.373) on SMEs’ viability with a 5% level of significance. Thus, it was concluded that access to finance uniquely accounted for the larger proportion of the variance in the regression model. Thus, this study suggests that owners of SMEs should pay greater attention to access to finance in running their businesses, and the Government should aid SMEs to market their products and keep their businesses viable. Public loans or the government supported loans should be made available for SMEs with soften requirements in order to stimulate economic growth.
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Mazibuko, Gezani. "Public Sector Procurement Practice: A Leadership Brainteaser in South Africa." Journal of Social and Development Sciences 11, no. 1(S) (November 11, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v11i1(s).3109.
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In the application of the procurement practices, public’s confidence can be impacted by unethical public procurement practice as is predominant at the initial phase of tender planning procedure. Prices can be overestimated and outcome is that a missed prospect vis-à-vis finance for mega infrastructure projects. There are convolutions, proportions and an extraordinary bulk of financial stream as handy transactional dealings interacts in the market for goods and services. Certainly, procurement is mostly susceptible to unscrupulous procurement and nonconformity with relevant legislations. Such destructive practices prohibit government from procuring at cheaper prices. The paper will bridge ranks into the academic environment discourses with regards to accountability, institutional leadership capacity, transparency, stewardship, compliance and enforcement of legislation, good governance and corruption in research. The study seeks to scrutinise methods which gave rise to leadership brainteaser. A descriptive and content analysis qualitative research method will guide the study.
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Luyinda, Richard, Marlien Herselman, and Gerrit Botha. "IT Control Objectives for Implementing the Public Finance Management Act in South Africa." Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology 5 (2008): 029–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/993.
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Walters, Jackie. "Overview of public transport policy developments in South Africa." Research in Transportation Economics 22, no. 1 (January 2008): 98–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2008.05.023.
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Makhoba, Bongumusa Prince, Irrshad Kaseeram, and Lorraine Greyling. "Investigating asymmetric effects of public debt on economic growth in South Africa: a smooth transition regression (STAR) approach." African Journal of Economic and Management Studies 12, no. 3 (August 13, 2021): 486–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajems-02-2021-0072.
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PurposeThe primary purpose of the study is to analyse the asymmetric effects of public debt on economic growth, using secondary data over the period 1980–2018 in South Africa.Design/methodology/approachThis study estimated a Smooth Transition Regression (STAR) and Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) approach, using time series data to analyse the asymmetric effect of public debt on economic growth in South Africa.FindingsThe findings revealed a significant nonlinear relationship between public debt and economic growth in South Africa. The results showed an inverted U-Shape relationship, implying a significant positive influence of public debt on economic growth during the low-debt regime. While during a high-debt regime, public debt exerted a significant negative effect on economic growth. The study proposes that policymakers ought to consider targeting a sustainable debt threshold that would enhance efficient use of public finances consistent with long-term economic prosperity.Originality/valueThis paper asymmetries and threshold effects between public debt and economic growth in South Africa, through the application of dynamic nonlinear models namely, Smooth Transition Regression (STAR) and Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) approach. Studies on the relationship under examination have predominantly been confined in advanced economies. This study provides rigorous empirical evidence from the South African perspective.
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Marimuthu, Ferina. "Determinants of debt financing in South African state-owned entities." Accounting and Financial Control 3, no. 1 (August 17, 2021): 40–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/afc.03(1).2020.04.
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Using debt to finance investments is a common feature in the balance sheets of state-owned entities (SOEs). The greater the degree of financial leverage, the higher the proportion of debt resulting in greater interest payments that negatively affect the earnings attributable to shareholders. This paper considers the determinants of debt financing in light of the debt crisis that the South African economy faces and, more so, the public sector and its validity under capital structure theories. The data set was analyzed for the financial period from 1995 to 2020 of thirty-three commercial SOEs in South Africa. Multiple regression models were tested using the Generalized Method of Moments estimator. The results highlighted that significant variables affecting state-owned entities’ debt levels are profitability, age, growth opportunities, liquidity, probability of bankruptcy, and non-debt tax shield. The policy recommendations are that the government prioritizes reducing debt levels for South Africa to develop and achieve sustainable development. The changes in firm-specific factors that affect the optimal capital structure and the entity’s value must be considered.
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Msindwana, Modjadji Charlotte, and Collins C. Ngwakwe. "Internal Audit Effectiveness and Financial Accountability in the Provincial Treasuries of South Africa." International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues 12, no. 3 (May 17, 2022): 86–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/ijefi.13017.
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Provincial Treasuries are responsible for assisting the National Treasury in enforcing compliance with the measures established in the South African constitution, which stipulates public sector expenditure control and transparency. This study aims to examine the relationship between internal audit effectiveness and financial accountability in the Provincial Treasuries of South Africa. The theoretical inclination is on the stewardship theory. The research is based on a quantitative approach and draws secondary data on internal audit and financial performance from the nine provincial treasuries of South Africa. Analyses were done using the fixed effect regression after conduction the Hausman tests, Augmented Dickey-Fuller tests (ADF) and Philips Perron (PP). Findings indicate that internal audit can enhance financial accountability across all the expenditure programmes of provincial treasuries in South Africa. Government departments should embrace internal audit as a monitoring tool to evaluate financial accountability and service delivery performance, but not as a punitive initiative. In addition, educational training of internal audit staff can be very effective in achieving government financial control. The paper provides a veritable case study to higher institutions regarding educational qualification versus experience implications on public sector internal audit and accountability; it also offers an agenda for further research.
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Muila, Seshoka L., and Collins C. Ngwakwe. "Relationship between Government Financial Grants, Internal Revenue and Maternal Mortality Rate in South Africa." International Review of Management and Marketing 12, no. 3 (May 20, 2022): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.32479/irmm.13060.
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Funding of public hospitals and access to quality health care is a universal problem especially in developing countries. This paper aims to examine the relationship between government financial grants, internal revenue and maternal mortality rate. Previous literature has suggested that to achieve better health outcomes, multiple factors including but not limited to finance must be taken into consideration. Secondary data from audited annual health reports (2014/15 – 2018/19) of the nine South African Provinces was analyzed with the employment of the panel data regression technique. Internal Government Revenue was statistically significant at a 5% level of significance (p < 0.05) and Government Financial Grant was not statistically significant (p >0.05). Maternal mortality rate is therefore dependent on internal revenue and not on government financial grants. The findings change the ancient saying that maternal health outcomes shall improve when the government pumps more finances into the health system. Instead, the study reveals that internal revenue generation has an impact on the maternal mortality rate thus bringing in another approach in the fight against maternal mortality. The study adds value to the public health administration in that it brings a different perspective on the fight against maternal mortality in South Africa.
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Ngwakwe, Collins. "Climate finance, climate investors and assets for low emission development." Journal of Governance and Regulation 4, no. 2 (2015): 82–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/jgr_v4_i2_c1_p1.
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This research examines the relationship between climate finance, growth in climate investors and growth in climate assets for low emission development. It also evaluates the effect of climate policy evolution on the growth of climate investors and climate assets. Adopting a positivist paradigm, the paper makes use of a quantitative research approach and applies the causal and correlational research design. The paper made use of secondary data from the World Bank Carbon Finance Unit and from the Carbon Disclosure Project (ADP). The major objective was to examine the combined effect of climate finance and climate policy on the growth of carbon investors and carbon assets for the companies in the Carbon Disclosure Project which includes the 100 JSE companies. Findings from the test reveal that the combined effect of growth in climate finance and climate policy evolution has a significant relationship with growth in climate investors and climate assets. Given this result the paper proceeded to examine if the growth in climate finance has any correlation with South Africa’s emission reduction trend. Results however indicate that South Africa’s GHG emission trend does not correlate with climate finance availability; GHG emissions in South Africa have continued to soar despite a seeming growth in climate finance. The paper reasoned that the global climate finance might not be effectively available to corporates in South Africa at the expected level of financing to initiate the expected level of climate investment to effect a significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. This confirms literature assertions that global climate finance might not easily be accessible, at least to entities in developing countries. In conclusion, the paper suggests the establishment of a Southern African Climate Finance pool where the public and private sector can contribute and that such pool should be made easily available to carbon investors at a cheap rate with alluring tax incentives to funders and beneficiaries. The paper adds a modest nuance to the literature as no know previous research has dwelt specifically on the unique relationship of climate finance, climate policy and climate investors. The paper’s implication is beneficial to green policy officials and for academic debate. It suggests an avenue for further research about climate investors’ handicap in accessing global climate finance and to explore logistics to develop independent South African based climate finance.
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Moloi, Tankiso. "Governance of risks in South Africa’s public higher education institutions (HEIs)." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 13, no. 2 (July 4, 2016): 226–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.13(2-1).2016.09.
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The author examines the manner in which risk is governed within higher education institutions (HEIs) in South Africa by formulating risk governance statements based on the requirements of the King III Report on Corporate Governance and other relevant literature. The formulated risk governance statements are used to develop the risk disclosure measurement index. Disclosure measurement method is accepted as a flexible method to use when extracting the pre-determined information in the annual reports. The developed risk disclosure index is used to extract the information from South Africa’s higher education institutions’ annual reports. The information disclosed in these annual reports is deemed a proxy of risk management practices within the higher education institution concerned. The results obtained indicate that South Africa’s higher education institutions have not embraced risk management as a key process in their activities. This is apparent in the assessed annual reports as compliance with the pre-determined set of statements was around 50%. For those that have not demonstrated these practices, it is stated that the concern is around the manner in which their highest decision makers make decisions, as it appears that risks may not necessarily be taken into account. As higher education institutions in South Africa continues to face challenges and they would possible be revising their strategies to take into account the recent events, every strategic decision being undertaken should be accompanied by a proper risk assessment to identify potential pitfalls (threats) and/or take advantage to achieve results promptly (opportunities)
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Fourie, David. "Ethics in municipal supply chain management in South Africa." Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 33, no. 7 (November 2018): 726–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269094218809598.
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Corruption is an obstacle to democracy and the rule of law. In a democratic system it is therefore essential that public offices and institutions retain their legitimacy by being accountable as stewards for the scare public funds. However, in a developing country such as South Africa, it may be difficult to develop and maintain accountable political leadership in a climate that is widely acknowledged to have become corrupt. This paper reflects on the ethics and the cost of unethical behaviour in general, and of corruption in local government procurement in South Africa in particular.
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Adebayo, Adeyemi. "What do state-owned development financial institutions (SODFIs) in South Africa do?" Ekonomski anali 67, no. 235 (2022): 123–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/eka2235123a.
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This study explores the model of state-owned development financial institutions (SODFIs) in South Africa and how South African SODFIs contribute to national, continental, and international developmental agendas by providing necessary support towards financing domestic and international projects, thereby mitigating seven categories of market failures. It analyses relevant documents and the latest annual/integrated reports of the SODFIs, making it possible to highlight their modus operandi and the instruments employed in fulfilling their mandates. Analyses indicate that although SODFIs in South Africa mitigate market failures by adequately contributing to national, continental, and global developmental agendas, they do not fund state-owned enterprises (SOEs), leaving out an important aspect of public socioeconomic cooperation. This study thus highlights the importance of funding SOEs partly through SODFIs rather than directly from the national budget and discusses implications for theory and practice.
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Nyamori, Robert Ochoki, Abu Shiraz Abdul-Rahaman, and Grant Samkin. "Accounting, auditing and accountability research in Africa." Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 30, no. 6 (August 21, 2017): 1206–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aaaj-05-2017-2949.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss developments in governance in Africa and the opportunities this offers to accounting, auditing and accountability researchers. The paper also provides an overview of the other contributions in this accounting, auditing and accountability special issue. Design/methodology/approach This paper provides a contemporary literature review on governance and accountability in Africa, identifying the key developments in public sector reform and the research gaps that still need to be filled. While the paper focuses on Sub-Saharan Africa, the authors draw on examples from Ghana, Kenya, and South Africa – geographically representing east, west, and south of the continent. Findings The paper finds that governance has emerged as a crucial issue that has a significant effect on the economic development of African countries. This has been associated with a myriad of reforms which range from anti-corruption measures to public financial management reforms. The authors find that the implementation and effects of these reforms have not been adequately researched by accounting scholars. Research limitations/implications This is a review of a limited literature. Empirical research and a more comprehensive review of the literature from public administration and other disciplines might provide other new insights for research on governance in Africa. A further limitation is that the study has focused on a review of the most recent reforms while earlier reforms should be of particular interest to accounting historians. Originality/value This paper and other contributions to this special issue of AAAJ provide a basis and an agenda for accounting scholars seeking to undertake interdisciplinary research on Africa.
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van Deventer, Marko. "African Generation Y students’ personal finance behavior and knowledge." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 17, no. 4 (November 26, 2020): 136–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.17(4).2020.13.
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Personal financial management is important, given uncertainties in both financial and economic environment. However, published research on African Generation Y students’ personal finance behavior and knowledge is limited. This study aimed to evaluate African Generation Y students’ personal finance behavior in terms of their attitudes towards financial planning and whether this cohort believes that they have the skills to manage their finances successfully. In addition, this study sought to evaluate African Generation Y students’ knowledge regarding personal finance. A convenience sample of 500 African students across the campuses of two South African public higher education institutions situated in the Gauteng province was surveyed using structured, self-administered questionnaires. The t-test results indicate that the sample deems the process of planning personal finances and managing credit, insurance, investment, and estate, as important. Moreover, the students scored low in the broad personal finance knowledge areas of basic finance, saving, spending, and debt, suggesting that this cohort is financially illiterate. The results also indicated that the students think they have the financial skillset to manage their personal finances. A high Pearson’s correlation coefficient was noted between sampled participants’ personal finance behavior and their observed personal finance management skillset regarding the relationship between the constructs. However, an insignificant relationship was found between attitudes towards personal finance and financial knowledge and between financial knowledge and African Generation Y students’ apparent finance skills. Understanding African Generation Y students’ personal finance behavior and knowledge, universities and financial institutions can more effectively identify gaps and deficiencies in students’ personal finance endeavors.
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Bapela, Lerato C., Collins C. Ngwakwe, and Mokoko P. Sebola. "An Analysis of the Link between Water Infrastructure Financing and Water Provision South Africa." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 10, no. 3(J) (July 19, 2018): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v10i3.2318.
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This paper evaluated the relationship between water infrastructure financing and water provision in South Africa. The research followed a quantitative research design; secondary data for water infrastructure financing and water provision in South Africa was obtained from the Trans - Caledon Tunneling Agency (TCTA) and the World Bank for the period 1994 - 2014 . The regression results indicated two separate findings which offers unique contribution to the current literature; results from water asset finance as a single independent variable on water provision showed a significant relationship. However, an addition of two control variables , corruption and violence, neutralised the effectiveness of water asset finance on water provision to the extent that water asset finance became less significant with a P value of 0.05. The paper makes a nuance contribution from the findings, which specifically is that finance alone may not deliver target water provision if corruption and violence is left unbridled. The paper thus recommends the need for public policy makers to control the rate of corruption and violence to enable effective application of water infrastructure finance in water provision. The paper also recommends the need for further research on other government departments to integrate corruption and violence as control variables.
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Phago, Kedibone, and Keneilwe Molosi-France. "Reconfiguring local governance and community participation in South Africa and Botswana." Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 33, no. 7 (November 2018): 740–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269094218809615.
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While the questions of governance and community participation are distinct, their operationalisation in the context of local government is not always mutually exclusive. As a result, issues of governance and community participation have continued to be of interest in most developing countries. For local government as an important sub-national government structure within the Southern African Development Community, there are a myriad of both opportunities and problems associated with the decentralisation of their powers. This article argues for a need to reconfigure governance and community participatory models so as to maintain the relevance of local government structures in African countries. Anstein’s public participation model is propounded for the purpose of analysing these participation models. Embedded in the discussion is the legislative and functional consideration regarding configuration and governance of local government. The examination of the ward committees in South Africa and village development committees in Botswana as institutionalised and legitimate participatory fora for local community members remains a key focus. In the final analysis, an analogue and critique regarding opportunities and challenges for local governance and participation issues in South Africa and Botswana are provided.
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Gqaji, Andile, Cecile Gerwel Proches, and Paul Green. "Perceived impact of public sector leadership on road infrastructure service delivery." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 13, no. 3 (October 10, 2016): 394–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.13(3-2).2016.12.
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It is well documented that road infrastructure is an important catalyst of the South African economy because of the interchange of people, goods and services which are dependent upon transport. The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceived impact of public sector leadership on road infrastructure service delivery. A qualitative methodology approach was employed using a purposive sampling technique. Twenty in-depth face-to-face interviews were conducted with respondents from both the public and private sectors. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis and the findings of this research indicate that public sector leadership is ineffective in driving road infrastructure development. The results also suggest that the lack of accountability and corruption hinders the delivery of infrastructure. Keywords: accountability, corruption, engineering, government, South Africa. JEL Classification: L3, L92, H11
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Mokhomole, Tumiso D. "The Role and Impact of Forensic Investigations Unit in the Fight Against Fraud, Corruption, Irregularities, Financial Misconduct and Maladministration in the Public Sector of South Africa." Khazanah Hukum 5, no. 1 (February 10, 2023): 18–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/kh.v5i1.22605.
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This article examines the role and impact of the Forensic Investigations Unit in the fight against fraud, corruption, irregularities, financial misconduct and maladministration in the public sector of South Africa. Section 85(b) of the Public Finance Management Act, 1 of 1999 (PFMA) requires the Minister of Finance to craft regulations stipulating matters relating to the investigations of allegations of financial misconduct. The study adopted a qualitative research approach. Eight (8) participants from the Forensic Investigations Units of various state departments/ institutions were interviewed using open-ended questions. The study followed a purposive sampling guide as a participant were purposively selected. The study found that the role of the Forensic Investigations Unit in the public sector is to investigate the allegations of common law offences such as fraud, corruption, maladministration and financial irregularities. This Unit's impact is to reduce fraud and corruption incidents within the public sector and promote ethical public service through its recommendations. This study recommends amendments to the Public Service Act 1994 (PSA) and Part Three of the Public Service Regulations 2016 (PSR). The amendment is to fulfil the role of the Forensic Investigations Unit as part of a multi-anti-corruption agency in government departments/agencies. It is hoped to resolve reported allegations of fraud, corruption, irregularities and maladministration in the South African public sector quickly and effectively.
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Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farhad, Abdulrasheed Zakari, Rafael Alvarado, and Vincent Tawiah. "The green bond market and its use for energy efficiency finance in Africa." China Finance Review International 12, no. 2 (March 4, 2022): 241–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cfri-12-2021-0225.
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PurposeThis study presents the state of green bond markets in Africa and green bond funds by some countries in the continent.Design/methodology/approachThe authors adopt a case study approach on four different kinds of countries, namely oil-rich economy, green bond innovator, renewable energy user and carbon vulnerability.FindingsThe authors found that Africa's green bond is still at the early stages. However, countries are using innovative ways that are adaptable to their current economic conditions and investment attractiveness in issuing green bonds. While some countries focus on central and local government bonds, others use corporate bonds, few combine government and corporate green bonds. Interestingly, the first green bond globally certified by the Climate Bonds Standard was issued by an Africa country in Africa. In some selected countries such as Nigeria, South Africa, Morocco, Namibia and Kenya, green bond markets have seen massive growth and have contributed to numerous infrastructural energy efficiency projects. To expand this market further in these countries, the authors recommend fostering a public–private partnership backed by policies and political will.Originality/valueThis study provides an original contribution to the green bond and its likelihood of driving energy efficiency in a continent that has attracted little to no attention in the literature.
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Anong, Sophia T., and Irina Kunovskaya. "M-finance and consumer redress for the unbanked in South Africa." International Journal of Consumer Studies 37, no. 4 (February 16, 2013): 453–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12014.
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Nyamita, Micah Odhiambo, and Prof Nirmala Dorasamy. "The drivers of debt financing within state-owned corporations in South Africa." Archives of Business Research 9, no. 9 (October 14, 2021): 240–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/abr.99.10094.
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The public sector financial management reforms being adopted by many countries, such as South Africa, have encouraged the adoption of private-sector management style, such as debt management, within the state-owned corporations. The reform agenda on debt financing is that state-owned corporations should face competitive conditions regarding access to finance. To highlight on the achievements of these reforms, this study explored the questions as to whether the drivers of debt financing within state-owned corporations in South Africa are similar to those of private-sector corporations. Applying a hybrid of cross sectional and longitudinal quantitative surveys, a panel data regression model was used to analyse data from 26 income-generating state-owned corporations in South Africa for the eight-year period 2007-2014 using the generalized method of moments (GMM). The results identified the main determinants of debt financing within the state-owned corporations in South Africa to include asset tangibility, corporation’s growth and liquidity.
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Nyamita, Micah Odhiambo, and Prof Nirmala Dorasamy. "The drivers of debt financing within state-owned corporations in South Africa." Archives of Business Research 9, no. 9 (October 14, 2021): 240–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/abr.99.10094.
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The public sector financial management reforms being adopted by many countries, such as South Africa, have encouraged the adoption of private-sector management style, such as debt management, within the state-owned corporations. The reform agenda on debt financing is that state-owned corporations should face competitive conditions regarding access to finance. To highlight on the achievements of these reforms, this study explored the questions as to whether the drivers of debt financing within state-owned corporations in South Africa are similar to those of private-sector corporations. Applying a hybrid of cross sectional and longitudinal quantitative surveys, a panel data regression model was used to analyse data from 26 income-generating state-owned corporations in South Africa for the eight-year period 2007-2014 using the generalized method of moments (GMM). The results identified the main determinants of debt financing within the state-owned corporations in South Africa to include asset tangibility, corporation’s growth and liquidity.
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Nzewi, Ogochukwu, and Prosper Musokeru. "A Critical Review of the Oversight Role of the Office of the Auditor-General in Financial Accountability." Africa’s Public Service Delivery and Performance Review 2, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/apsdpr.v2i1.42.
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Accountability is the very essence of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa (Act No. 108 of 1996). In this regard, the Auditor-General of South Africa (AGSA) as the supreme audit institution of the Republic of South Africa plays an important oversight role of promoting financial accountability in government. The purpose of this article is to examine the challenges facing the office of the Auditor-General in executing its oversight role of promoting financial accountability in the sphere of provincial government. Information and sources for this article was gathered through literature review. The article gives some background on the establishment and rationale of Supreme Audit Institutions (SAI). It explores some policy framework that informs public finance management in the Republic of South Africa, establishing the role of the AGSA within this purview. Based on the data gathered through literature review, the key challenges facing the office of the Auditor-General are discussed. Finally, possible solutions are recommended to the challenges that were identified.
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Tendengu, Simbarashe, Forget Mingiri Kapingura, and Asrat Tsegaye. "Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth in South Africa." Economies 10, no. 9 (August 24, 2022): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies10090204.
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Several fiscal policy strategies have been implemented in South Africa since 1994, starting from the Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP), Growth Employment and Redistribution (GEAR), Broad-Black Economic Empowerment strategy (BEE), AsgiSA (Accelerated and shared growth initiative for South Africa), and the New Growth Path framework (NGP) with the aim of boosting economic growth. However, the rate of economic growth in the country over the years is not convincing. It is also important to note that poverty still remains prevalent and persistent, predominantly in the poverty-stricken areas of provinces such as Eastern Cape, Limpopo, North West, and Mpumalanga. In light of this, the main aim of the study was to examine the effect of fiscal policy instruments on economic growth in South Africa for the period from 1988 to 2018, utilising the autoregressive distributed lag model, mainly due to the order of integration of the variables. Empirical results revealed that there is a positive relationship between fiscal policy instruments (public sector expenditure, public consumption spending, and taxation) and economic growth. Based on the findings, the study recommends that the government should distinguish between productive and unproductive spending and increase spending on productive sectors. The implication of these findings is that South Africa’s economy is likely to perform better if more resources are diverted from government consumption to investment spending.
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Van Staden, Annetjie, David J. Fourie, and Natasja Holtzhausen. "Development of an accountability framework in the public procurement system: Case of the emerging market." Corporate Governance and Organizational Behavior Review 6, no. 2 (2022): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cgobrv6i2p7.
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The government of South Africa uses citizens’ tax money to procure products to meet citizens’ needs (Fourie, 2009) in areas such as education, health, road safety, and transportation. Having public service officials who are accountable will improve public administration and ensure a comprehensive standard of living for its citizens (Auditor-General of South Africa [AGSA], 2017). Whenever a public institution lacks accountability, it will have an adverse effect on a country’s budget and contribute to poverty, unemployment, and criminal activity. This research aimed to develop a framework to ensure accountability throughout public procurement. A comparison was conducted through a multiple case study, of five departments in Limpopo on the challenges as identified by the Auditor-General. The study provides an understanding of the public procurement dynamics through its collaborative and hybrid nature. It addresses various aspects that enforce an accountability framework, such as internal control, procurement systems, risk management, records management, value for money, and consequence management. Furthermore, adjustments to the South African e-governance procurement system in alignment with best practices found in other countries will save money and time, and procurement officers will be more productive
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Jensen, Robert T. "Do private transfers ‘displace’ the benefits of public transfers? Evidence from South Africa." Journal of Public Economics 88, no. 1-2 (January 2004): 89–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0047-2727(02)00085-3.
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Djolov, George G. "South African pharmaceutical prices: An international price comparison." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 6, no. 2 (June 30, 2003): 369–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v6i2.3319.
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A major presumption underlying the current debate on pharmaceutical prices in South Africa is that South African medicines are priced at levels out of line with comparable products in other countries. This paper presents some empirical evidence in an attempt to ascertain the validity of these presumptions. The results provide little support for the view that South African prices are in need of controls over and above those already existing through competition. The evidence reveals that recent calls and public policy proposals for parallel importation and its variant reference pricing are misplaced. To put forward such proposals without taking account of existing empirical knowledge for policy (or legislative) making purposes is a less than optimal approach.
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Lyne, Michael, Paul Zille, and Douglas Graham. "Financing the Market-Based Redistribution of Land to Disadvantaged Farmers and Farm Workers in South Africa: Recent Performance of the Land Reform Credit Facility." Sociological Research Online 5, no. 2 (September 2000): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.495.
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This paper compares the results of public and private land redistribution in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. It identifies problems that constrain access to the land market, and describes recent efforts to address the liquidity problem associated with mortgage finance. The Land Reform Credit Facility (LRCF) was launched by government in May 1999 to help alleviate cash flow problems on farms purchased by disadvantaged buyers and financed with mortgage loans from commercial banks. The LRCF does not offer subsidies. Rather it offers loans with deferred or graduated repayment schedules to reputable banks and venture capital investors who finance, on similar terms, equity-share projects and land purchased by aspiring farmers. The paper outlines the LRCF experience and considers reasons for its promising start. The loan target of R15 million (US$2.15 million) set for the first year was reached after only eight months.
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Lekhanya, Lawrence Mpele. "Public outlook on small and medium enterprises as a strategic tool for economic growth and job creation in South Africa." Journal of Governance and Regulation 4, no. 4 (2015): 412–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/jgr_v4_i4_c3_p7.
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In spite of the key role played by the Small and Medium enterprises in economic development, there has been little effort to look at what needs to be done to improve survival and growth of SMEs. There is still a general lack of in-depth understanding from policy makers and other relevant stakeholders of how SMEs can be used as a strategic tool for economic growth and job creation in South Africa. These misperceptions and misunderstand leads to continuous failure to SMEs survival and growth. This study seeks to address this research gap. The study investigates the public views on what needs to be done to grow South African economy through the development of SMEs. Quantitative research approach was used to collect and analyse data for the study. Primary data was collected from four (4) provinces of South Africa. 230 people participated in the study. Questionnaires were emailed to each respondent and follow-ups were made via telephone. It was found that many SMEs fail within five years of their existence due to the various reasons. The most critical of these were related to lack of access to finance, lack of management experience as well as human capital. Study further revealed that most the SMEs owners/managers do not have business management related skills but rather they are just ordinary entrepreneurs.
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Dhanpat, Nelesh, Tlou Manakana, Jessica Mbacaza, Dineo Mokone, and Busisiwe Mtongana. "Exploring retention factors and job security of nurses in Gauteng public hospitals in South Africa." African Journal of Economic and Management Studies 10, no. 1 (March 11, 2019): 57–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajems-10-2018-0311.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between employee retention and job security and the impact of retention factors on the job security of nurses in public hospitals in South Africa. The retention of nurses is essential in public hospitals in South Africa. It is therefore critical that retention strategies are primed to ensure the job security of nurses.Design/methodology/approachThe study is quantitative in nature, adopts a cross-sectional approach and is set within a positivist research paradigm. Pre-established questionnaires were used to collect data. Non-probability sampling was used to select a convenience sample. Questionnaires were distributed to three public hospitals in Johannesburg and 202 responses were received. The psychometric properties of the questionnaire were established through validity and reliability. Inferential and descriptive statistics were deployed to analyse data.FindingsThe study established that there is a relationship between retention factors and job security. The study further identified retention factors as predictors of job security and noted that training and development was the strongest predictor of job security amongst nurses. In addition, the study contributes towards research on retention practices of nurses from a South African perspective.Practical implicationsThe study recommendations are diagrammatically represented. If implemented by human resource practitioners and nursing management, they are likely to enhance job security.Originality/valueThe study provides insights on the retention of nursing professionals in public hospitals in Gauteng and identifies retention factors which contribute most towards job security.
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Bridgman, Grace, and Dieter von Fintel. "Stunting, double orphanhood and unequal access to public services in democratic South Africa." Economics & Human Biology 44 (January 2022): 101076. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ehb.2021.101076.
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Roos, Mariaan. "Governance and Public Sector Transformation in South Africa: Reporting and Providing Assurance on Service Delivery Information." Africa’s Public Service Delivery and Performance Review 1, no. 3 (December 1, 2012): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/apsdpr.v1i3.33.
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Reporting on performance was legislatively established in South Africa in terms of the Public Finance Management Act, Act 1 of 1999, section 40 (3)(a). The auditing of the reported information was legislated in the Public Audit Act, Act 25 of 2004, section 20(2) (c). The objectives of the article are firstly to provide an overview of the development and application of the reporting and secondly providing assurance on service delivery information and thirdly to reflect on challenges to the implementation thereof in South Africa. The aim through deploying these set objectives is to formulate possible future considerations for improved governance. As central part of the methodology, review of literature on reporting and audit of non-financialwas conducted. The research included scrutiny of the different philosophies and approaches adopted by different countries to the reporting and providing assurance on service delivery information. In this respect, the research reflects a comparative element. In South Africa the Auditor-General adopted a phasing-in approach. The development of the audit approach and audit procedures has reached a stable stage, nine years after the initial process started. The audit of performance information now forms an integral part of the regularity audit process. The analysis of audit findings of the period under study indicates a considerable improvement once initiated, but stagnation persists in subsequent years. Numerous challenges remain around the application of performance reporting in South Africa including non-compliance, the lack of sufficient and appropriate audit evidence, inconsistencies between the various strategic documents and the need to improve the usefulness of performance information. In conclusion the article proposes some steps to address the challenges.
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Ngcobo, Sanele, and Njabulo Khumalo. "Challenges of adopting entrepreneurship education as a strategic approach to unemployed-youth in South Africa." Technium Social Sciences Journal 29 (March 9, 2022): 98–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v29i1.5430.
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Due to the level of unemployment rate in South African among the young, the paper seeks to assess the adoption of entrepreneurship education as a strategic approach to curb youth unemployment within a District Municipality public high schools in KwaZulu-Natal South Afrrica. The target population was 489 principals from high schools within the within the District Municipality. A mixed methods approach was used and a questionnaire was constructed and administered to participants via online platform. Also, an online one on one interviews were conducted with principals. All data was analysed using SPSS version 25 that generate data into table and bar graphs. The paper revealed that they are many challenges with the adoption of entrepreneurship and these challenges include financial challenge, lack of entrepreneurship education in public schools and lack of support. Small Enterprise Finance Agency (SEFA), National Youth Development Agency (NYDA), Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), Small Enterprise Development Agency (SEDA) and National Empowerment Fund (NEF) should run more awareness campaigns on media platforms used by students and the youth to promote entrepreneurship.
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Mathaba, Richard Siphamandla Ryan, and Nirmala Dorasamy. "Education within public management in South Africa: A focus on external Whole-School Evaluation process’ contribution in Mpumalanga province." Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 5, no. 3 (2015): 145–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rgcv5i3c1art6.
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The study focused on the role played by public sector management in South Africa towards the country’s total development and improvement. This article also analyses how through the Whole School Evaluation (WSE) process, the education system in South Africa seeks to ensure that the schooling is effective. This paper examines public management, public administration as well as new public management (NPM). The aim is to illustrate a view of how education fits in the broader public management and how the WSE process assists schooling in South Africa and Mpumalanga in particular. This is to ensure that the schooling is effective and contribute towards service delivery and the country’s overall development and improvement. Furthermore, WSE as a process, is viewed through five of NPM undisputable and debatable characteristics of accountability for performance; performance measurement; performance auditing; policy analysis and evaluation; and strategic planning and management. Public management functions and public management principles are discussed from a point of how the WSE process strives to ensure that it complies with these function and principles, and how this compliance benefit school improvement. This paper came to a number of conclusions regarding education within public management from a WSE perspective. Firstly, education through the external WSE process conforms to this principle of New Public Management in that evaluation is aimed at improving the quality of education. Also, the external WSE, as a process, and education in general, through the NPM principles can be performed within public management. Furthermore, external WSE conforms to public management principles as well as Batho Pele principles.
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Tsoku, Johannes Tshepiso, Nonofo Phukuntsi, and Lebotsa Daniel Metsileng. "Gold sales forecasting: The Box-Jenkins methodology." Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 7, no. 1 (2017): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rgcv7i1art7.
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The study employs the Box-Jenkins Methodology to forecast South African gold sales. For a resource economy like South Africa where metals and minerals account for a high proportion of GDP and export earnings, the decline in gold sales is very disturbing. Box-Jenkins time series technique was used to perform time series analysis of monthly gold sales for the period January 2000 to June 2013 with the following steps: model identification, model estimation, diagnostic checking and forecasting. Furthermore, the prediction accuracy is tested using mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). From the analysis, a seasonal ARIMA(4,1,4)×(0,1,1)12 was found to be the “best fit model” with an MAPE value of 11% indicating that the model is fit to be used to predict or forecast future gold sales for South Africa. In addition, the forecast values show that there will be a decrease in the overall gold sales for the first six months of 2014. It is hoped that the study will help the public and private sectors to understand the gold sales or output scenario and later plan the gold mining activities in South Africa. Furthermore, it is hoped that this research paper has demonstrated the significance of Box-Jenkins technique for this area of research and that they will be applied in the future.
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Ngobese, Ndabazinhle, Roger B. Mason, and Mandusha Maharaj. "The effect of service delivery in public ‘community service centres’: A case of an emerging economy." Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 7, no. 3 (2017): 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rgcv7i3p5.
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This study investigated public perceptions of the service delivery provided by the Community Service Centres (CSC) of the South African Police Service (SAPS) Durban, South Africa. The study focuses on measuring service quality and service delivery. SERVQUAL was used to compare clients’ perceptions against expectations of service quality. Four hundred respondents were surveyed at three community service centres (previously known as ‘police stations’), with expectations and perceptions being assessed via the dimensions of tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy. The results indicate that in all five dimensions there is a significant negative quality gap, implying that the quality of service received is below what is expected by clients. Improvements are required in all five dimensions if service delivery is to be improved. Actions needed to improve service quality include regular assessment and monitoring of clients’ experiences, as well as employees’ behaviour.