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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Financial investments

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Academic literature on the topic 'Financial investments'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Financial investments"

1

Lysiak, Yelyzaveta, and Vasyl Bеlozertsev. "FINANCIAL INVESTMENT ACCOUNTING ORGANIZATION." Innovation and Sustainability, no. 2 (July 1, 2022): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31649/ins.2022.2.78.83.

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This article discusses the features of the organization of accounting of financial investments of enterprises in our country. Existing valuation methods and main problems regarding the organization of accounting of financial investments are analyzed. According to the results of the study, the ways of their solution are suggested. Investment activity is one of the most important parts of the enterprise, individual industries and the economy as a whole, so most companies have investments - temporarily unoccupied funds. These funds can be invested in various sectors of the economy in order to obtain economic effect, namely profit. Currently in Ukraine there is a weak system of support for investment activities of enterprises. This is causing a huge decline in investment activity in our country, which is very bad. After all, the ability to conduct proper and effective investment activities helps to improve and expand their own activities, improve various social problems in the enterprise, as well as determines the level of human and financial capital. Without a solid foundation in investment activities, our state will not be able to take its rightful place in the world economy. The purpose of this article is to study options for improving the accounting of financial investments in enterprises by mastering the theoretical basis and practices, identifying the main problems of their accounting and evaluation under market conditions and justify proposals for their solution. The article examines the order of reflection in the accounting of financial investment transactions in order to achieve the reliability of the data presented at all stages of accounting by forming an information model of financial investment accounting.

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Beniušytė, Erika, and Aurelija Zonienė. "Financial model of investments to fixed assets." Buhalterinės apskaitos teorija ir praktika, no. 16 (July 5, 2019): 105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/batp.2014.no16.10.

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The analysis of the investments to fixed assets revealed that there is no common system in evaluation of investments to fixed assets. The financial model of investments to fixed assets is recommended. The model consists of these stages: 1) the need determination of investments in fixed assets; 2) financing sources selection of the investments in fixed assets; 3) the calculation of financial benefits of the investments in fixed assets; 4) risk identification of the investment in fixed assets; 5) decision making.

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Kinyua, Muthinga Linus, Mr James Muturi, and Dr Eddie Simiyu. "Investment Strategy and Financial Performance of Defined Contribution Pension Funds in Kenya." Journal of Finance and Accounting 6, no. 1 (April 4, 2022): 71–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.53819/81018102t5050.

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Pension funds are meant to enable pensioners to live quality life upon retirement by paying them retirement benefits. Financial performance of defined contribution pension funds in Kenya has continued to portray unimpressive trend despite positive targets set by the pension funds. Hence, the study examined the effect of investment strategy on financial performance of defined contribution pension funds in Kenya. Systems theory view of pension funds, agency theory, portfolio theory and fisher’s theory of investment guided this study. Secondary data was used in the study. Correlational research design and positivism research philosophy were adopted by this study. The target population comprised of 1172 registered defined contribution pension funds in Kenya as of December 2018. A sample size of 289 defined contribution pension funds were involved in the study and were selected by applying stratified random sampling method. The study established that a positive association exists between investment strategy and financial performance of defined contribution pension funds in Kenya. It concluded that investment strategy explained up to 57.76% of the variations in the return on investment. The regression analysis conducted found a significantly positive association between long term investments and return on investment. Medium term investments was also found to be positively and significantly connected to return on investment. There was also a significantly positive relationship between short term investments and return on investment. Alternative investments was found to be positively and significantly connected to return on investment. The coefficient of determination increased from 57.76% to 65.47% when density of contributions interacted with long term investments, medium term investments, short term investments and alternative investments. The study recommended long term investments as the most ideal investment option for defined contribution pension funds because of its ability to generate the highest return on investment. Medium term investments was recommended as the second best investment option to be embraced by defined contribution pension funds because of its ability to yield good returns as well, second to long term investments. The next investment priority should be given to the alternative investments since it had the third highest regression of coefficients. The least investment option to be undertaken by defined contribution pension funds should be short term investments. Keywords: Long term investments, medium term investments, short term investments, alternative investments, density of contribution, performance, defined contribution pension funds, Kenya.

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SHPINEV, YURY. "CLASSIFICATION OF INVESTMENTS: REAL AND FINANCIALIURII." Economic Problems and Legal Practice 17, no. 6 (December 28, 2021): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33693/2541-8025-2021-17-6-69-74.

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In the scientific environment, there are many options for classifying investments, but almost all authors divide investments into real and financial ones. At the same time, there is no single approach to classification by the object of investment in the scientific community, as, however, there is no consensus on the composition of signs that distinguish real and financial investments from the entire spectrum of possible investments. At the same time, the problem of determining the main features of real and financial investments is quite relevant today, since there is no regulatory definition, and the presence of such a definition may be in demand in the near future, which is primarily due to the demand for investments in the real sector of the country's economy, and as a consequence, the establishment of legislative benefits and preferences for enterprises that make real investments in state-defined industries, which is quite problematic to implement in the absence of a regulatory definition. By analyzing the existing points of view on the nature of real and financial investments and their place in the classification, two main directions of opinions on the essence of direct investment can be distinguished. According to some authors, all investments in the object of investment can be divided into real and financial. Another group of scientists suggests a broader classification, adding intangible and intellectual investments, investments in human capital, etc. to real and financial investments. According to the author of the article, investments in intangible assets and tangible assets are components of real investments, and intellectual investments and investments in human capital, in turn, are included in intangible investments. The article also proves that portfolio investments cannot be identified with financial investments, and real investments cannot be identified with direct investments.

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Opałka, Benedykt, and Krzysztof Jarosiński. "Financial Determinants of Public Investment Strategic Management." European Journal of Marketing and Economics 2, no. 2 (May 31, 2019): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejme-2019.v2i2-67.

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Strategic management of investment projects in the public sector seems to be one of the more complex phenomena observed in the sphere of implementation of public investment tasks. The complexity of investment processes is influenced by a number of factors with varying impact. First of all, attention should be paid to the high capital intensity of public investment and the associated significant extension of the investment cycle. As a result of the impact of these factors, public investments in most cases require large capital expenditures, and their implementation takes much longer than, for example, in industry. Secondly, public entities responsible for the implementation of investments are in a quite specific situation, which means the continuous development of various components of technical and social infrastructure. Therefore, it is necessary to indicate the strategic dimension of these investments and, consequently, the necessity to use appropriate methods of financing and managing these investments. In principle, the main source of financing public investment is, and probably will remain, the state budget, and in relation to local self-government - the budgets of these units, and therefore public resources. The purpose of the paper is therefore to present the complexity of the issue of financing public investments in relation to the identified conditions for the development of socio-economic infrastructure, financed from public funds. The study has undertaken theoretical research on public investment and research on the possibility of implementing effective management methods in strategic perspective.

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Tripathi, Swastika, Manjula Jain, and Viksit Tripathi. "Greenfield Investments: An Economic and Financial Key Driver for India’s Growth." Management and Economics Research Journal 5 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18639/merj.2019.739951.

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Since ages, India has held the flagship of being prosperous, economically viable, financially sound, rich in resources, and diverse in traditional and cultural aspects, yet has never failed to cater to the needs of crores of citizens. The economic factors and flow of financial wherewithal have pushed Indian economy to the brighter side of development. However, the growth aspects led to a significant decrease in the climatic and weather conditions and therefore an urgent need to mend up the environmental issues. Greenfield investments were sought as remedial measure to sustain the issues of environment as well as economic and financial feasibility in the form of investments. Investment is a gizmo for creating wealth by employing funds with an intention of achieving additional income or growth in the value and gets rewarded by return. Foreign direct investment (FDI) is such an investment wherein foreign investors make their funds employable in the foreign-based company either through greenfield investments, brownfield investments, or through portfolio investment. In Indian context, overseas investments can be made either through automatic route or through Reserve Bank of India and Government of India. The highlight of this paper is the significance of greenfield investments in the developmental aspects of Indian economy.

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Tripak, Maryan, and Oleksandr Lavruk. "FINANCIAL INVESTMENTS IN THE ACCOUNTING SYSTEM." Economic Analysis, no. 30(3) (2020): 197–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2020.03.197.

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Actual aspects of solving the scientific problem of improving the assessment and accounting of financial investments according to national and international standards are considered. The concept of defining financial investments is clarified, and the need to divide them by the term of maintenance (current, long-term), from the point of view of ownership (corporate, debt), and for tax purposes is justified. The versatility and lack of an accurate definition of the concept of financial investments are associated with a fairly wide range of their application in economic activities. The purpose of the research is to theoretically substantiate a set of issues of accounting for financial investments according to national and international standards and develop proposals for improving accounting for financial investments. It is indicated that theoretical, methodological and organizational support for accounting for financial investments should be attributed to urgent tasks in the accounting and reporting system. It is emphasized that financial investments characterize the operations performed that provide the opportunity to obtain rights, Securities and a number of other financial instruments in order to obtain profit and other benefits. It is noted that the allocation of financial investments is an important process, since from the moment they are recognized as an asset, they become an object of accounting. It was found out that investment objects differ in the direction and participation of the state, the nature and content of the investment cycle, the scale and direction of the project, and the efficiency of using the invested funds. Conceptual approaches to determining methods for evaluating financial investments in accounting are substantiated. Proposals and practical recommendations have been developed that can be further used in the practical activities of business entities.

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Hoque, Monzurul, and Hamid Mohammadi. "Financial Arbitrage and Information Technology." Journal of Finance Issues 10, no. 2 (December 31, 2012): 115–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.58886/jfi.v10i2.2303.

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This abstract was created post-production by the JFI Editorial Board. In his 2003 controversial article entitled "IT does not matter", Nickolas G. Carr argued that Information Technology (IT) has lost its magical power to provide competitive advantages and that corporations would be better off focusing on the risk of IT rather than looking at IT as a strategic asset that can provide opportunities. On the other hand, IT guru, Robert M. Metcalfe, views IT investment as a source of competitive advantage. He further argues that it determines the path of sustainable excellence for a corporation. We posit that truth may lie in the middle. That is, it is neither ‘IT does not matter at all’ nor it is ‘IT matters all the time’. Our empirical findings indicate such a result when we linked financial arbitrage and information technology. Our data show that IT investment matters sometime and not always. The implications of our findings suggest that there is an optimal IT investment level. At the beginning stage, the strategic benefits from IT investments far exceeds the risk of IT investments. At some point the role reverses and the risk and mis-utilization of IT investments outweigh the independent and interactive strategic benefits of IT. The challenge is to find the optimal level of IT investments. That will be our next endeavor.

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KHAN, Muhammad Kaleem, Ying HE, Ahmad KALEEM, Umair AKRAM, and Zahid HUSSAIN. "REMEDIAL ROLE OF FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT IN CORPORATE INVESTMENT AMID FINANCING CONSTRAINTS AND AGENCY COSTS." Journal of Business Economics and Management 19, no. 1 (May 4, 2018): 176–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16111699.2017.1422797.

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The study investigates the role of financial development in boosting the investment efficiency of firms’ investments in China. Using a large sample of firm-level financial data and country level economic data over the period 2004–2015, present study creates a link between financial and real economy. Firms are priori classified into under- or over-invested and effect of financial development is analyzed individually on each classification by using panel data estimations. The research concludes that firms suffering from under- (over-) investment problem due to financing constraints (agency problem), are more likely to increase (decrease) their investment` in the response of underlying financial development in the economy. This study has demonstrated a novel approach by concurrently incorporating the monitoring and financing issues that disturb the optimal level of investments. Moreover, the findings give strong implications by suggesting and empirically proving the remedy that has the potential to balance the investment distortions by rectifying monitoring and financing deficiencies.

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Baariu, Mungiria James, and Njuguna Peter. "Relationship Between Selected Macroeconomic Variables and the Financial Performance of Investment Banks in Kenya." International Journal of Economics and Finance 13, no. 11 (October 28, 2021): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v13n11p102.

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Currently, investment banks in Kenya are facing a lot of challenges due to persistence losses. However, the available studies are inadequate to aid investment banks in overcoming these challenges in Kenya due to mixed findings, resulting in rising uncertainty on equity investments’ performance, leading to massive losses among investment banks.  This study, therefore, sought to model the relationship between inflation, GDP, interest rates, exchange rates, and financial performance of investment banks. Arbitrage pricing theory, Modern portfolio theory as well as classical economic theory (flow-oriented model) was used. A causal research design was adopted. The study found that inflation has negative significant influence on financial performance of equity investments among investment banks in Kenya. Also, GDP has positive and significant influence on financial performance of equity investments among investment banks in Kenya. Interest rate was also found to have negative and significant influence on financial performance of equity investments among investment banks in Kenya. In addition, exchange rate has negative significant influence on financial performance of equity investments among investment banks in Kenya. The study therefore recommends any investor including financial investors to methodically analyze inflation trends and understand how it affects the company’s financial performance. Investors must also be in a position to predict the future concerning inflation changes.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Financial investments"

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Choi, Nicole Yunjeong. "Institutional investors and financial statement analysis." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2009/N_Choi_041709.pdf.

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Thisadoldilok, Chatchai. "Form of ownership and financial constraints." Bangkok, Thailand : Faculty of Economics, Thammasat University, 2004. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/56680669.html.

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Zhang, Qi. "Essays on alternative investments and financial markets." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609839.

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Matharu, Amiteshver, and Demijan Panic. "How can technological innovation reduce the need of financial literacy in financial planning?" Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för industriell ekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-20080.

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Increasingly more people lack the basic financial knowledge that would help them plan for their future. One aspect of it is not being aware of the long-term benefit of investing in the stock market. Increasing financial literacy with better financial education is a long-term solution. In the meanwhile, there is room for technological innovation to reduce the need for financial literacy which has not been covered by previous research and is therefore the topic of this research. More specifically, this study examines how financial literacy can be reduced in financial planning for households by helping them setting up a stable financial future. A case study method was used to choose three web-based robotized products and evaluate how they scored in mitigating three identified barriers to stock market participation. The result demonstrated that choosing any of the three products significantly reduced the need of financial literacy since they all scored high. In conclusion, these types of technological products can help not only the financially illiterate but also those who want to delegate the task of planning for their financial future.

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Luna, Bernardo D. "Investment opportunities in the Mexican financial markets." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ64291.pdf.

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Platikanov, Stefan. "Essays on corporate investments, learning, and financial constraints." Connect to online resource, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3273714.

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Farrell, Michael. "ESSAYS ON INVESTMENTS." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/finance_etds/11.

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The first chapter studies mutual funds. I model intraquarter trading and use a genetic algorithm to estimate the trade pattern that is most consistent with the fund's daily reported returns. I validate the model empirically on a sample of institutional trades from Ancerno and I confirm that the method more accurately predicts daily holdings when compared to existing naive assumptions. Further, my method is substantially more accurate in classifying a fund's tendency to supply liquidity, and this increased precision has important implications for identifying superior performing funds. Specifically, a long-short strategy based on the model's liquidity provision measures earns significant abnormal returns, while a similar strategy that relies on quarterly holdings does not exhibit any outperformance. The second chapter studies investment research. We find evidence that crowdsourced investment research facilitates informed trading by retail investors and improves firm liquidity. Specifically, retail order imbalances are strongly correlated with the sentiment of Seeking Alpha articles, and the ability of retail order imbalances to predict returns is roughly twice as large on research article days. In addition, firms with exogenous reductions in Seeking Alpha coverage experience increases in bid-ask spreads and price impact, with the effect being stronger for firms with high retail ownership. Our findings suggest that technological innovations have helped democratize access to investment research with important implications for firm liquidity.

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Yam, Hon-chuen. "Statistical analysis of some technical trading rules in financial markets /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B17390138.

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Bövers, Kim Janette [Verfasser]. "Essays on investments in financial markets / Kim Janette Bövers." Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1219652253/34.

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Chiang, Wing-lang Roger. "A comparative study of the investment characteristics of real estate and other financial assets in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25939919.

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Books on the topic "Financial investments"

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Griffiths, Howard. Financial investments. London: McGraw-Hill, 1990.

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Bolton, Brian. Sustainable Financial Investments. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137411990.

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J, Woerheide Walter, and Graber Robert S, eds. Fundamentals of investments for financial planning. 3rd ed. Bryn Mawr, Pa: American College, 2003.

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J, Woerheide Walter, and Bird Roger C, eds. Fundamentals of investments for financial planning. 2nd ed. Bryn Mawr, Pa: American College, 2002.

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The new financial advisor. [Mattituck, NY?]: [N. Murray Co.?], 2001.

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Woerheide, Walter J. Fundamentals of investments for financial planning. 5th ed. Bryn Mawr, PA: American College, 2008.

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S, Graber Robert, and Hoffman Paul, eds. Fundamentals of investments for financial planning. Bryn Mawr, Penn: The American College, 2001.

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David, Nanigian, ed. Fundamentals of investments for financial planning. 7th ed. Bryn Mawr, PA: American College, 2013.

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J, Fabozzi Frank, ed. Selected topics in investment management for financial planning. Homewood, Ill: Dow Jones-Irwin, 1985.

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Rowland, Mary. Best practices for financial advisors. Princeton, N.J: Bloomberg Press, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Financial investments"

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Laopodis, Nikiforos T. "The global financial environment." In Understanding Investments, 95–129. Second Edition. | New York: Routledge, 2020. | Revised edition of the author's Understanding investments, 2012.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003027478-6.

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Wong, Jordan. "Investments." In A Practical Guide to Financial Services, 94–117. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003227663-5.

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Bolton, Brian. "The Purpose of the Firm." In Sustainable Financial Investments, 1–26. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137411990_1.

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Bolton, Brian. "The Role of the Firm’s Stakeholders." In Sustainable Financial Investments, 27–50. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137411990_2.

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Bolton, Brian. "The Sustainability of Economics." In Sustainable Financial Investments, 51–86. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137411990_3.

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Bolton, Brian. "The Economics of Sustainability." In Sustainable Financial Investments, 87–120. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137411990_4.

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Bolton, Brian. "Valuation of Sustainable Financial Investments." In Sustainable Financial Investments, 121–80. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137411990_5.

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Bolton, Brian. "A Systems Perspective of the Firm." In Sustainable Financial Investments, 181–201. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137411990_6.

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Bolton, Brian. "Economic Development and Sustainable Financial Investments." In Sustainable Financial Investments, 203–17. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137411990_7.

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Huang, Jing-Zhi, and Ying Wang. "Hedge Funds and the Financial Crisis." In Alternative Investments, 521–39. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118656501.ch26.

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Conference papers on the topic "Financial investments"

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Luta (Manolescu), Daniela Alice, Adrian Ioana, Daniela Tufeanu, Daniela Ionela Juganaru, and Bianca Cezarina Ene. "FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT ELEMENTS SPECIFIC TO INVESTMENTS APPLICABLE IN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS." In Sixth International Scientific-Business Conference LIMEN Leadership, Innovation, Management and Economics: Integrated Politics of Research. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/limen.2020.337.

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Our starting point is the definition and classification of investments, both financial and accounting. Thus, in a financial sense, an investment represents the change of an existing and available amount of money, with the hope of obtaining a higher but probable income in the future. In the accounting sense, an investment is the allocation of an amount available for the purchase of an asset, which will determine the future financial flows of income and expenses. Investments can be classified into two categories: domestic investments - consist of the allocation of capital for the purchase of machines, equipment, constructions, licenses, patents, etc. Their purpose can be to reduce costs, increase production, improve quality, increase market share, etc.; foreign investments - consist of capital investments in shares in other companies. They are also called financial investments and aim to increase the value of the company and diversify sources of income. We also analyze in this article the investment decision. The investment decision is the most important financial decision which a manager has to make. An investment usually involves allocating large sums of money in the long run, with a relatively high degree of risk. We also present and analyze both the stages of establishing an investment decision and the methods of evaluating an investment project. The article also presents management elements regarding the investment recovery term; discounted net value method, investment risk assessment.

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Paterson, Michael S., and Uri Zwick. "Shallow multiplication circuits and wise financial investments." In the twenty-fourth annual ACM symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/129712.129753.

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Klimova, J. "Risk-Based Approach in Financial Investments Management." In Proceedings of the International Science and Technology Conference "FarEastСon" (ISCFEC 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iscfec-19.2019.94.

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Jiang, Haiyang. "Stock Market Return and Household Financial Investments." In ICEBI 2021: 2021 5th International Conference on E-Business and Internet. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3497701.3497719.

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Kraciuk, Jakub, and Elżbieta Kacperska. "The role of foreign direct investments (FDI) in regional development." In 3rd International Conference on Administrative & Financial Sciences. Cihan University - Erbil, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/afs2020/paper.269.

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Foreign direct investments constitute a major factor stimulating economic growth and regional development. In this respect new investments are particularly important, as they promote increased employment and regional development, boost exports and transfer new technologies. In any market economy a considerable role is played by agribusiness and this is where foreign investors tend to put their capital. In Poland approx. 8 % foreign investments are placed in agribusiness. However, the distribution of investments is far from uniform. The highest numbers of investments are recorded in the Mazowieckie, Wielkopolskie and Zachodniopomorskie provinces.

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Qerimi, Argjentë, Muhamet Aliu, and Besnik Krasniqi. "Financial Life Cycle of Kosovo SMEs: Results of an Enterprise Survey." In 7th International Scientific Conference ERAZ - Knowledge Based Sustainable Development. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eraz.s.p.2021.57.

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This article empirically examined how Kosovan SMEs finance their working capital and their investments through their growth life cycle. Using the financial growth cycle paradigm to test the financial growth cycle based on a sample of 100 Kosovan SMEs’ reporting data since their inception of business. Findings show that Kosovan SMEs use various sources to finance their working capital and investments throughout their life cycle. To finance their working capital needs, during the first two years of operation, Kosovan SMEs rely more on insider capital sources such as personal savings, financing offered from 3F connection - friends, family, fools, retained earnings, and also trade credit takes a significant place. Over time, as businesses evolve through age, the proportion of retained earnings and business debt financing in total capital injection volume increases significantly. As firms grow older, financing from trade credit marks a decline, so the SMEs replace it with using more overdraft. During the first years of operation, to finance their investments, Kosovan SMEs rely primarily on owner’s personal savings, financing from 3F connection - friends, family, and fools, retained earnings, but as the company grows older and becomes more extensive, they rely mainly on two sources: retained earnings and bank loans. In general, concerning debt, Kosovan SMEs use more trade credit and overdraft to finance their working capital and bank loans to finance their investments. Funding from 3F is mainly used during the initial phase of operation. However, the most used resource by Kosovan SMEs in all stages of operation remains retained earnings, while external equity raised from angels and venture capitalists and other alternative financing are almost inexistent.

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Chobanov, Veselin. "Power Quality and financial risk for RES investments." In 2021 3rd International Congress on Human-Computer Interaction, Optimization and Robotic Applications (HORA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hora52670.2021.9461369.

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Boldyreva, Natalia, Liudmila Reshetnikova, and Valeria Cheymetova. "Personal financial investments: leading trends and growth factors." In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Social, Economic, and Academic Leadership (ICSEAL 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icseal-19.2019.20.

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Kvietkauskienė, Alina, and Raimonda Martinkutė-Kaulienė. "Analysis of global financial markets and its future perspectives." In Business and Management 2016. VGTU Technika, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2016.23.

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The authors concentrate their attention on the future perspectives of financial markets. But on the other hand the investors, in order to make efficient investment decisions, should know the real situation in financial markets. The purpose of the article is to analyze the situation in the global financial markets, as well as their development trends in the future. In order to reach the purpose the authors perform the analysis of financial markets, considering results of main asset classes, evaluating the EPS growth and the level of risk in global equity and commodity markets and examining other important factors, which affect the financial markets and the investments in different financial instruments.

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Campigotto, Paula, and Omir Correia Alves Junior. "An approach using Artificial Neural Network and Genetic Algorithm for Day Trade Portfolio Selection." In Congresso Brasileiro de Inteligência Computacional. SBIC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21528/cbic2021-88.

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In the financial market there are several types of investors, from the most conservative to the most daring, who are subject to greater risks in the expectation of greater returns on their investments. However, the concept of risk, in investment portfolios, makes it possible to measure it in different ways. This paper aims to present a method created to select portfolios for Day Trade financial investments using different metric risks, such as CVaR, EWMA and GARCH, and the ensemble of Genetic Algorithm NSGA-II and LSTM Artificial Neural Network, comparing it’s selected portfolios’ performance with another method which uses only NSGA-II and Buy and Hold financial strategy. The results show that the proposed method, with LSTM ANN achieved better returns in the year of 2019.

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Reports on the topic "Financial investments"

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Kim, Cheonkoo, Jungsoo Park, Donghyun Park, and Shu Tian. Heterogeneous Effect of Uncertainty on Corporate Investment: Evidence from Listed Firms in the Republic of Korea. Asian Development Bank, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps220044-2.

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It finds that financial uncertainty has a significant negative effect on corporate investment and the effects are mixed across firms of different sizes. Small firms and large firms are more exposed to the negative uncertainty effects than medium-sized firms. Financial constraints and investment irreversibility amplify the negative effects of uncertainty. Small and medium-sized firms are more financially constrained and large firms’ investments are more irreversible in nature. The authors suggest that policies target the development of capital markets and bond markets for small and medium-sized firms and focus on competitiveness, not protection.

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Sabatelle, Jason, Adonis Caramintzos, and Jamie McCall. Small Business COVID-19 Lending Programs: Fostering Social Capital and Financial Stability. Carolina Small Business Development Fund, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46712/covid.lending.

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In times of crisis, investment in entrepreneurial ventures tends to decline. Early data suggest the decline in small business investments due to the pandemic will be historic in scope and depth. Community development lending practices aim to sustain small firms until they can resume their normal course of business. Affordable financing provides capital injections into small businesses which can help to cushion against COVID-19 induced economic shocks. Using Carolina Small Business Development Fund’s lending data as a case study, this analysis considers the effect of COVID-19 response programs. These activities are oriented towards creating a “social safety net” of Main Street businesses that boost social capital development, community trust, and financial stability. We believe the findings are likely generalizable to lending activities by other community development financial institutions.

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Maltais, Aaron, Kersti Karltorp, and Haben Tekie. Policy priorities for mobilizing investment in Swedish green industrial transitions. Stockholm Environment Institute, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2022.022.

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The aim of this report is to better understand the key challenges for investments in technological and production changes that bring deep emissions cuts in heavy industry in Sweden. In this report we refer to this as investments in deep green industrial transitions. We investigate this matter from the perspective of both industry actors and actors from the financial sector. We investigate the following research questions: •Is the size of the capital investments needed for green industrial production a significant challenge for bringing about these transitions in Sweden? •What are the most important challenges for actors’ willingness to invest in deep green industrial transitions and investors’ willingness to provide financing for those investments? •What policies do industrial and financial actors think can best support the willingness to invest in and provide financing for deep green industrial transitions in Sweden?

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Frisari, Giovanni Leo, and Max Messervy. Investing in Sustainable Infrastructure in Latin America: Instruments, Strategies and Partnerships for Institutional Investors Mobilization. Inter-American Development Bank, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003676.

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Despite the significant challenges in mobilizing investors resources towards sustainable infrasctrure investments in Latin America and the Carribbean, an investment opportunity in low carbon and resilient assets exists and represents a critical step towards a sustainable economic recovery from the financial duress due to the COVID-19 pandemic and its impacts on health and economic systems of the region. This papers contribuition is two-fold: it attempts to estimate and size an ideal sustainable investable pipeline accross the region generated by several policies promoting public-private-partnerships (PPP) in the transport and energy sectors. Then it identifies and details different investment strategies and financial instruments available to institutional investors to invest in the region while mitigating the risks they perceived and hinder the mobilization of their resources. Such strategies discussed in the paper include: joint ventures with local counterparties, direct and active investments in the national markets, and/or access to markets via partnerships with development financial institutions.

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Chauhan, Dharmistha, and Swapna Bist Joshi. The World Bank in Asia: An assessment of COVID-19-related investments through a care lens. Care-responsive investments and development finance. Oxfam, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2021.8182.

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International financial institutions (IFIs) and multilateral development banks have been playing a vital role in the response, recovery and ‘build back anew’ agenda from the COVID-19 pandemic. This is especially true of the World Bank Group (WBG), given its high volumes of committed investments across sectors, especially in low-income and vulnerable countries. This report presents, through case studies, how care-responsive the World Bank’s COVID-19-related investments have been in four member countries: Bangladesh, Cambodia, Nepal and the Philippines. It does so by using the Care Principles and Care-Responsive Barometer for IFIs to assess the nature of the WBG’s post-COVID recovery investments in these select countries, and by building evidence through a gender- and care-responsive budget review. The foundation for care inclusion has already been laid in WBG policy. The report uses this as an entry point to urge it to bring women’s unpaid, underpaid and paid work to the centre of the IFI agenda in order to move towards rebuilding a more gender-just and equal future.

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Jaramillo, María. Transforming Remittances into Savings and Investments: The Case of Bancolombia and the Financial Inclusion of Remittance Recipient Families in Colombia. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0000390.

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Frisancho, Verónica, and Martín Valdivia. Savings Groups Reduce Vulnerability, but Have Mixed Effects on Financial Inclusion. Inter-American Development Bank, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002910.

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This paper evaluates the impact of the introduction of savings groups on poverty, vulnerability, and financial inclusion outcomes in rural Peru. Using a cluster randomized control trial and relying on both survey and administrative records, we investigate the impact of savings groups after more than two years of exposure. We find t hat savings groups channel expensive investments such as housing improvements and reduce households' vulnerability to idiosyncratic shocks, particularly among households in poorer districts. The treatment also induces changes in households labor allocation choices: access to savings groups increases female labor market participation and, in poorer areas, it fosters greater specialization in agricultural activities. Access to savings groups also leads to a four-percentage point increase in access to credit among women, mainly driven by access to the groups loans. However, the introduction of savings groups has no impact on the likelihood of using formal financial services.On the contrary, it discourages access to loans from formal financial institutions and microfinance lenders among the unbanked.

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de Brauw, Alan, Shalini Roy, and Mulugeta Tefera. Financial services in refugee hosting areas: Can they promote inclusion? Lessons from the SHARPE project in Ethiopia. Centre for Excellence and Development Impact and Learning (CEDIL), December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51744/ceb4.

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Digital financial inclusion is important to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Digital financial tools, such as mobile money, can, in principle, be used by anyone with a cell phone. Mobile money and services surrounding mobile money can help reduce poverty by helping increase remittances from labour migrants, helping households to weather negative shocks to income, and encouraging investments such as in farms or in self-employment activities. An extension of this logic is that, in refugee hosting areas, digital financial inclusion through mobile money can potentially play a role in improving the economic inclusion of refugees. This evidence brief shares findings from a project developing a mobile money system in the Somali region of Ethiopia and discusses ways that policies can help catalyse the use of mobile money in such regions.

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Brice, Jeremy. Investment, power and protein in sub-Saharan Africa. Edited by Tara Garnett. TABLE, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56661/d8817170.

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The place of protein in sub-Saharan Africa’s food system is changing rapidly, raising complex international development, global health and environmental sustainability issues. Despite substantial growth in the region’s livestock agriculture sector, protein consumption per capita remains low, and high levels of undernourishment persist. Meanwhile sub-Saharan Africa’s population is growing and urbanising rapidly, creating expectations that demand for protein will increase rapidly over the coming decades and triggering calls for further investment in the expansion and intensification of the region’s meat and dairy sector. However, growing disquiet over the environmental impacts of further expansion in livestock numbers, and growing sales of alternative protein products in the Global North, has raised questions about the future place of plant-based, insect and lab-grown proteins in African diets and food systems. This report examines financial investment in protein production in sub-Saharan Africa. It begins from the position that investors play an important role in shaping the development of diets and food systems because they are able to mobilise the financial resources required to develop new protein products, infrastructures and value chains, or to prevent their development by withholding investment. It therefore investigates which actors are financing the production in sub-Saharan Africa of: a) animal proteins such as meat, fish, eggs and dairy products; b) ‘protein crops’ such as beans, pulses and legumes; and c) processed ‘alternative proteins’ derived from plants, insects, microbes or animal cells grown in a tissue culture. Through analysing investment by state, philanthropic and private sector organisations – as well as multilateral financial institutions such as development banks – it aims to establish which protein sources and stages of the value chain are financed by different groups of investors and to explore the values and goals which shape their investment decisions. To this end, the report examines four questions: 1. Who is currently investing in protein production in sub-Saharan Africa? 2. What goals do these investors aim to achieve (or what sort of future do they seek to bring about) through making these investments? 3. Which protein sources and protein production systems do they finance? 4. What theory of change links their investment strategy to these goals? In addressing these questions, this report explores what sorts of protein production and provisioning systems different investor groups might be helping to bring into being in sub-Saharan Africa. It also considers what alternative possibilities might be marginalised due to a lack of investment. It thus seeks to understand whose priorities, preferences and visions for the future of food might be informing the changing place of protein in the region’s diets, economies and food systems.

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Shiwakoti, Dinesh, and Devayan Dey. The Hybrid Annuity Model for Public−Private Partnerships in India’s Road Sector: Lessons for Developing Asia. Asian Development Bank, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps220344-2.

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This paper explores how the Hybrid Annuity Model (HAM) has been applied in public-private partnerships for road sector infrastructure investments in India. The Hybrid Annuity Model (HAM) has significant potential to enable developing members of the Asian Development Bank to boost investments in public infrastructure through public-private partnerships. The paper identifies the key drivers and innovative features of HAM. The innovative features include financial risk sharing between the government and private sector, amenable qualification criteria to sustain the supply and demand base beyond large companies, high project readiness requirements, and flexibility elements to promote innovation. The paper makes suggestions for enhancing the adoption of HAM in other sectors and countries.

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