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Worthington, Andrew C. "Financial literacy and financial literacy programmes in Australia." Journal of Financial Services Marketing 18, no. 3 (2013): 227–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/fsm.2013.18.
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Marlin, Clare, and Amanda Westcott. "Leading Financial Literacy in Australia." Applied Finance Letters 2, no. 1 (2013): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/afl.v2i1.8.
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In Australia financial literacy work nationally is guided by the principles of the NationalFinancial Literacy Strategy, a collaborative multi-agency strategy coordinated by theAustralian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC). This provides a framework for manyagencies and organisations to work in partnership to develop and deliver initiatives to improvethe financial literacy of all Australians. This article highlights the thinking behind the strategy,presents examples of the strategy in action, and foreshadows next steps. Above all, it arguesthat the challenges of improving financial literacy are best shared – i.e. that a collaborativeapproach between sectors and countries remains the most effective way forward
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Stoop, Philip, Gail Pearson, and Michelle Kelly-Louw. "Balancing Responsibilities – Financial Literacy." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 20 (May 15, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2017/v20i0a1378.
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In Australia there is an obligation to promote the informed participation of financial consumers while in South Africa there is an obligation to educate consumers. The Australian obligation is concerned with the financial system as a whole while the South African obligation has generally been focused on general financial education as a tool to promote financial inclusion. There is no obligation for consumers to attain a minimum standard of literacy in credit or finance generally. Financial literacy is one among a number of strategies directed towards inducing changes in consumer behaviour. It sits between the old regulatory model which relies on disclosure of information for effective and rational decision-making and a newer regulatory model which takes into account individuals' perceptions and behavioural biases and may seek to accommodate for these by imposing obligations on financial services providers beyond the mere disclosure of information. Financial literacy is generally the ability to understand how money works, how a person can earn money or make it more. It specifically refers to the set of skills and knowledge that allows people to make informed and effective decisions with all of their financial resources. This article discusses Australian and South African legal obligations and social responsibilities aimed at promoting the financial literacy of consumers.
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International Monetary Fund. "Australia: Financial Sector Assessment Program - Technical Note: Investor Protection, Disclosure, and Financial Literacy." IMF Staff Country Reports 06, no. 437 (2006): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781451802160.002.
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Preston, Alison C., and Robert E. Wright. "Understanding the Gender Gap in Financial Literacy: Evidence from Australia." Economic Record 95, S1 (2019): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1475-4932.12472.
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Tahir, Muhammad S., and Abdullahi D. Ahmed. "Australians’ Financial Wellbeing and Household Debt: A Panel Analysis." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 14, no. 11 (2021): 513. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14110513.
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“An excess of everything is bad”. This famous old proverb fits well with the current condition of Australian household debt that is continuously rising. Research in Australia’s household indebtedness is scarce and strategies to control the rising household debt remain contentious. The government of Australia has introduced financial literacy and financial capability measures to help control the rising household debt. Given that the literature highlights the importance of improving financial wellbeing, we analyse if financial wellbeing is a factor, which could be relevant to the reduced household debt. We use the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia panel survey in our analysis and find that improved financial wellbeing is associated with the reduced debt-taking behaviour of Australians. Our robust analysis confirms our findings. Finally, our empirical results suggest that improving households’ perception of their personal financial situation can bring improvement in their financial decisions, including the decision to take on debt.
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Bamforth, Jill, Charles Jebarajakirthy, and Gus Geursen. "Understanding undergraduates’ money management behaviour: a study beyond financial literacy." International Journal of Bank Marketing 36, no. 7 (2018): 1285–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijbm-05-2017-0104.
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Purpose The money management behavior of undergraduates determines their smooth transition into adulthood. Economic, social and psychological factors also affect undergraduates’ money management behavior. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to investigate how undergraduates manage and respond to economic, social and psychological factors affecting their money management behavior, and to examine whether this response changes as they make progress in their degree. Design/methodology/approach Adopting a qualitative exploratory approach, this study examined Australian undergraduates as they face many challenges to their money management behavior. The data were collected using six focus group discussions, held in three Australian universities, in which 47 undergraduates participated. Findings The findings have shown that their approach to manage spending, income, saving, peer relationships and stress changes as they make progress in their degree. However, they shared similar approaches to investment, followed parental money management advice and used technology for cost reduction, irrespective of the progress in their degree. Research limitations/implications This study was conducted with the data collected from a relatively small sample of respondents and was limited only to undergraduates. Moreover, this study was conducted in Australia, indicating that some of the results might be specific to the Australian context. Practical implications The findings of this study can be utilized by governments, financial institutions, educational institutions and parents who are interested in inculcating prudent money management behavior in undergraduates. Originality/value This study extends the scope of the literature beyond financial literacy, and has shown how undergraduates respond to economic, social and psychological aspects relating to money management behavior and how these responses vary as they make progress in their degree. This study has applied a qualitative exploratory approach, in contrast to quantitative methods which have generally been applied for studies relating to undergraduates’ money management behavior.
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Bourova, Evgenia, Malcolm Anderson, Ian Ramsay, and Paul Ali. "Impacts of Financial Literacy and Confidence on the Severity of Financial Hardship in Australia." Australasian Accounting, Business and Finance Journal 12, no. 4 (2018): 4–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14453/aabfj.v12i4.2.
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Tawfik, H., R. Huang, M. Samy, and A. K. Nagar. "On the Use of Intelligent Systems for the Modelling of Financial Literacy Parameters." Journal of Information Technology Research 2, no. 4 (2009): 17–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jitr.2009062902.
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Research has shown that more young people lack good financial literacy and make poor financial decisions. Financial literacy is not only important for individuals, but also for families, financial institutions, and the entire economy. In this paper, artificial neural networks (ANNs) and support vector machines (SVMs) are used as tools to model the financial literacy levels of young university students across Australia and three Western European countries. The goal was to ascertain the students’ level of financial knowledge in relation to the use of credit card and loan facilities based on a number of input parameters such as age, gender and educational level. Sensitivity analysis is applied to determine the relative contribution of each input parameter to the overall financial literacy model. The experiments show that ANNs and SVMs exhibit promising results and capabilities for effectively modeling financial literacy. Our findings indicate that the main determinants of young people’s level of financial literacy include educational level, length of employment, age, and credit card status – in terms of the use of credit card facilities, and gender, living status and credit card status – in terms of the use of loan facilities.
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Bamforth, Jill, Charles Jebarajakirthy, and Gus Geursen. "Undergraduates’ responses to factors affecting their money management behaviour: some new insights from a qualitative study." Young Consumers 18, no. 3 (2017): 290–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/yc-11-2016-00645.
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Purpose The money management behaviour of undergraduates is a noteworthy study for many stakeholders, as these students are more likely to carry forward this behaviour into later life. The literature on student money management behaviour heavily focuses on financial literacy. However, economic, social and psychological factors also affect undergraduates’ money management behaviour. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to empirically investigate how undergraduates respond to and account for these factors in their money management behaviour. Design/methodology/approach This study was carried out in Australia. This study adopted a qualitative exploratory approach. The data were collected using six focus group discussions (FGDs) held in one Australian university, in which 40 undergraduates participated. Findings The key themes identified from the thematic analysis include undergraduates’ understanding of money management and managing economic, social and psychological aspects relating to undergraduates’ money management behaviour. Several subthemes were identified under each theme, which specifically showed how undergraduates manage and respond to each of these factors relating to their money management behaviour. Research limitations/implications This study was conducted with the data collected from a relatively small sample of respondents and was limited only to undergraduates. Moreover, this study was conducted in Australia, indicating that some of the results might be specific to the Australian context. Practical implications The authors have suggested promoting multiple payment methods and internet usage to undergraduates, and providing them with stress management programmes will help them maintain prudent money management behaviour. Originality/value The extant literature on undergraduates’ money management behaviour tends to focus on financial literacy. This study extends the scope of the literature beyond financial literacy and has shown how undergraduates respond to economic, social and psychological aspects relating to money management behaviour. This study has applied a qualitative exploratory approach, in contrast to quantitative methods which have generally been applied for studies relating to undergraduates’ money management behaviour.
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Holmes, P. R. "Rangeland pastoralism in northern Australia: change and sustainability." Rangeland Journal 37, no. 6 (2015): 609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj15051.
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Australian rangeland pastoralism is now a marginal economic activity. To survive as an industry, it must retain critical mass and to do that, the majority of producers need to be financially sustainable. Significant change has taken place in the past 40 years to facilitate this, but this change appears to have had limited enduring value for much of the industry. The productivity of the average northern rangeland beef herd in absolute terms is poor and is far from being competitive now, let alone in the future. If preservation of the natural resource base is included as a sustainability criterion, the industry outlook becomes even more uncertain. The conundrum is that it has never been more opportune to succeed in rangeland pastoralism, but the evidence is that most producers do not. The conclusion is that the lack of financial literacy and business skill remains the biggest impediment to most pastoralists achieving financial sustainability.
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Warren, Amy, Trudi Marchant, Darcee Schulze, and Donna Chung. "From Economic Abuse to Economic Empowerment: Piloting a Financial Literacy Curriculum With Women Who Have Experienced Domestic and Family Violence." Affilia 34, no. 4 (2019): 498–517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886109919868828.
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Economic abuse as a form of men’s violence against women has only been recently recognized as a form of violence in its own right. It is known to further exacerbate the detrimental long-term impacts of domestic and family violence on women and children. There is evidence to suggest the effectiveness of financial literacy programs in mitigating some of these impacts and improving women’s financial well-being in the longer term; however, there are very few domestic violence–informed, empirically evaluated programs internationally. This article reports the findings of a specialist domestic violence financial literacy curriculum, which was developed and piloted in Western Australia using pre–post measures and focus groups. These findings suggest that such financial literacy programs delivered in refuge settings have effective short-term outcomes among women. Lessons learned from the pilot and the implications for future implementation and scaling up of programs and research are also discussed.
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Tennyson, Sharon. "Can Regulation Improve Financial Information and Advice?" International Review of Financial Consumers 1, No. 1 Oct 2016 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.36544/irfc.2016.1.1-1.
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Many governments are considering strengthening regulations for financial advisors. New regulations have been enacted in a number of countries, including the United Kingdom, Australia, the Netherlands, Singapore, and United States. Many other countries, including Canada and the European Union as a whole, are actively considering new regulations. Interest in these policies reflects both the disappointing progress on improving consumers’ financial literacy, and the recognition of significant conflicts of interest in these markets. This article discusses rationales for regulatory reform and considers various approaches to reform.
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Ridge, Andrew, Gregory M. Peterson, Bastian M. Seidel, Vinah Anderson, and Rosie Nash. "Healthcare Providers’ Perceptions of Potentially Preventable Rural Hospitalisations: A Qualitative Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 23 (2021): 12767. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312767.
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Potentially preventable hospitalisations (PPHs) are common in rural communities in Australia and around the world. Healthcare providers have a perspective on PPHs that may not be accessible by analysing routine patient data. This study explores the factors that healthcare providers believe cause PPHs and seeks to identify strategies for preventing them. Physicians, nurses, paramedics, and health administrators with experience in managing rural patients with PPHs were recruited from southern Tasmania, Australia. Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted, and reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Participants linked health literacy, limited access to primary care, and perceptions of primary care services with PPH risk. The belief that patients did not have a good understanding of where, when, and how to manage their health was perceived to be linked to patient-specific health literacy challenges. Access to primary healthcare was impacted by appointment availability, transport, and financial constraints. In contrast, it was felt that the prompt, comprehensive, and free healthcare delivered in hospitals appealed to patients and influenced their decision to bypass rural primary healthcare services. Strategies to reduce PPHs in rural Australian communities may include promoting health literacy, optimising the delivery of existing services, and improving social support structures.
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Karunarathne, Wasana, and John Gibson. "Financial literacy and remittance behavior of skilled and unskilled immigrant groups in Australia." Journal of Asian Economics 30 (February 2014): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asieco.2013.12.004.
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Lawlis, Sambell, Douglas-Watson, Belton, and Devine. "The Food Literacy Action Logic Model: A Tertiary Education Sector Innovative Strategy to Support the Charitable Food Sectors Need for Food Literacy Training." Nutrients 11, no. 4 (2019): 837. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11040837.
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Food literacy is seen as a key component in improving the increasing levels of food insecurity. While responsibility for providing training falls on the charitable service organizations, they may not have the capacity to adequately reach those in need. This paper proposes a tertiary education - (university or higher education) led model to support the food literacy training needs of the food charity sector. A cross-sectional study comprised of online surveys and discussions investigated food services offered by Western Australia (WA) and Australian Capital Territory (ACT) agencies, food literacy training needs for staff, volunteers and clients, and challenges to delivering food literacy training programs. Purposive sampling was used, and ACT and WA charitable service originations (survey: ACT n = 23, WA n = 32; interviews: ACT n = 3, WA n = 2) were invited to participate. Findings suggest organizations had limited financial and human resources to address the gap in food literacy training. Nutrition, food budgeting, and food safety education was delivered to paid staff only with limited capacity for knowledge transfer to clients. The Food Literacy Action Logic Model, underpinned by a tertiary education engagement strategy, is proposed to support and build capacity for organizations to address training gaps and extend the reach of food literacy to this under-resourced sector.
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Hartley, Robyn, and Jackie Horne. "Researching Literacy and Numeracy Costs and Benefits: What is possible." Literacy and Numeracy Studies 15, no. 1 (2011): 5–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/lns.v15i1.2024.
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Assessing the social and economic benefits of investing in adult literacy and numeracy and the costs of poor adult literacy and numeracy, is largely uncharted territory in Australia. Some interest was evident in the late 1980s leading up to International Literacy Year, 1990 (for example, Miltenyi 1989, Singh 1989, Hartley 1989); however, there has been little work done in the area since then, with the exception of recent studies concerned with financial literacy costs and benefits (Commonwealth Bank Foundation 2005). Assessing the benefits (returns) of workplace training in general has received some attention (for example Moy and McDonald 2000), although the role of literacy and numeracy is often implied rather than explored in any detail. In contrast, there is a considerable body of relevant research emanating from the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom and some European countries. The release of data from the International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS) in the 1990s contributed to some of this research, as did policy developments for example, in the United Kingdom. The much greater use of IALS data in some other countries compared with Australia, seems to be related to a combination of factors in the overall policy and research environment for adult literacy and numeracy in each country.
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Mikelionyte, M., and A. Lezgovko. "HOW FEMALE DIFFER IN DECISION MAKING FOR PERSONAL INVESTMENT STRATEGY." Financial and credit activity problems of theory and practice 5, no. 40 (2021): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18371/fcaptp.v5i40.244902.
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Abstract. This study investigates Lithuanian females’ personal investment peculiarities in line with Australia’s case analysis and application as a good practice method. Based on many publicly available research females tend to have less knowledge about finances in general and particularly investment processes; hence, it leads to their lack of interest into investing and the possibility of poor money management. This issue might be solved by investigating why it appears first and adopting the practical example from countries with developed investment market. In the case of comparison of personal investment strategies among Lithuanian and Australian females the two sets of questionnaires have been used to collect the data for further analysis. The main findings revealed by the survey were, that women in Australia had a higher financial literacy level, invested more often, and chose broader variety of investment instruments compared to Lithuanian females. Moreover, the significant discovery of the article disclosed that Lithuanian females chose not to invest due to the lack of additional funds and the shortage of financial knowledge. The main limitation occurred during the research was the lack of the available data on personal investment topic in Lithuania’s official statistic sources such as The Lithuanian Department of Statistics. The results of the research contribute towards improving Lithuanian female personal finance and investment areas and could be applied to further studies or used for the education program dedicated to financial literacy among women in Lithuania creation. Furthermore, this article creates an original value to personal finance, investment, and financial literacy areas in Lithuania by introducing an idea to not only conduct more studies in these fields, but also to use comparative analysis and good practice method from the countries that demonstrates high achievements in personal finance and gender equality areas. Keywords: personal investment management, female investment, financial literacy, investor’s profile, investing, investment options, investment strategies. JEL Classification G51, G53 Formulas: 1; fig.: 5; tabl.: 1; bibl.: 15.
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Ševčík, Karel. "Comparison of Financial Literacy Concept in Projected Curricula of Selected Countries." Lifelong Learning 11, no. 3 (2021): 243–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/lifele20211103243.
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Due to the turbulent economic development in recent years and the rising number of financial issues individuals need to deal with, financial literacy is becoming a widely recognized concept, which, among others, spreads into the field of primary and secondary education. However, in each country, the different political, social, or cultural environment influences the final form of concept implementation. Therefore, the presented study focuses on the analysis and comparison of project curricula, which are crucial documents for financial education at the primary levels. A categorical system was presented as the main research tool, with the purpose to examine documents from the countries of the USA (Utah), Canada (Ontario), the Czech Republic and Australia. The results suggested the relative disunity of the financial literacy concept within the Ontario curriculum, as no comprehensive content block is devoted to it during the study. The concept is presented only as one of the cross-curricular topics, often lacking any continuity. Within the Utah curriculum, the individual actions should be cognitively more demanding so that the students are properly stimulated to be active and solve the given task. The Czech curriculum then suffers from a lack of guidance in the curriculum concerning financial literacy. The cause might be in the lower scope of the document.
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Chu Cam, Tho, Dat Nguyen Tien, and Tuan Vu Anh. "A ROLE OF CONSUMER AND FINANCIAL LITERACY CONTEXT IN NUMERACY EDUCATION FOR JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS." Journal of Science Educational Science 65, no. 12 (2020): 176–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.18173/2354-1075.2020-0122.
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Mathematical competency can be referred to one of the most essential competencies in the context of the exponential development of the knowledge-based economy and globalization, especially when people make financial decisions based on their mathematical literacy. Numeracy is considered one of the critical skills of the people. To develop and evaluate numeracy, the national curricula of many countries across the world, such as Australia, Germany, Singapore, or Programme for International Student Assessment - PISA have selected Consumer and financial context as teaching and assessing content. In Vietnam, in the general education curriculum mandated by the Ministry of Education and Training in December 2018, numeracy, which originated and developed substantially in Mathematics, is one of the seven general capabilities. In this paper, we present a literature review of numeracy and several pedagogical recommendations to develop junior high school students' numeracy through the context of consumer and financial literacy.
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Özkale, Abdullah, and Emel Özdemir Erdoğan. "Financial literacy and its status in the mathematics curriculums of TurkeyFinansal okuryazarlık ve Türkiye matematik öğretim programlarındaki konumu." Journal of Human Sciences 14, no. 4 (2017): 4869. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v14i4.5038.
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The aim of the study is to analyse the position of financial literacy that increases its popularity in the worldwide in the mathematics curriculums of Turkey. Thus, the mathematics curriculums of elementary and secondary school emerged after 2005 are analysed. In this process, there are three main development points: 2005, 2013, 2017. The curriculums are analysed by domains declared in literacy analysing of Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), by the initiatives of various countries which carried out related works, and by the framework of financial literacy. These situations are important for people and their families. Recently, The theme of financial literacy has been noticed in the education area. Financial literacy education initiatives and awareness working are carried out in developed and developing countries by leading The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The theme of financial literacy has been a fundamental factor in curriculums some countries such as Australia, Canada, The United Kingdom, and The United States. In Turkey, the head “Conscious Consumption Aritmetry” is added to mathematics curriculums in 2009, and the theme of financial literacy is declared in the curriculums in 2017. The mathematics curriculums of elementary and secondary school published in 2005 include financial knowledge & skills, and relationships between mathematical and financial concepts implicitly. But its position has reduced in the new curriculums in years. In elementary level, the head “our money” is included all of them although the head “Conscious Consumption Aritmetry” has been handled at various levels. In Turkey, the theme of financial literacy should be integrated into related curriculums like mathematics. So, firstly an educational policy should be occurred intended for financial literacy and the curriculums should be revised according to financial literacy.Extended English abstract is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.ÖzetEkonomik İşbirliği ve Kalkınma Örgütü (OECD) öncülünde gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde okul çağındaki öğrenciler ve yetişkinler için finansal okuryazarlık eğitimleri ve bilinçlendirme çalışmaları yürütülmektedir. Kanada, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Birleşik Krallık, Avustralya gibi birçok ülkede finansal okuryazarlık, öğretim programlarında temel faktörlerden biri olarak yerini almıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı dünyada önemi giderek artan finansal okuryazarlığın Türkiye’de uygulanan matematik öğretim programlarındaki durumunu incelemektir. Nitel araştırma desenine sahip bu çalışmada 2005 yılından sonra geliştirilen 2005 ilköğretim ve ortaöğretim, 2013 ilkokul, ortaokul ve ortaöğretim, 2017 ilkokul-ortaokul ve ortaöğretim matematik öğretim programları doküman incelemesi yöntemi ile ele alınmaktadır. Dikey karşılaştırma yaklaşımının benimsendiği çalışmada dokümanlar finansal okuryazarlık literatürü ve uluslararası öğrenci değerlendirme sınavı (PISA)’nın finansal okuryazarlık yaklaşımı çerçevesinde değerlendirilmektedir. Öğretim hedefleri, kazanımlar ve öğrenme süreçlerinin analizinde içerik analizi uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular ışığında, Türkiye’de 2009 yılında matematik öğretim programına “Bilinçli Tüketim Aritmetiği” başlığıyla finansal okuryazarlığa adım atıldığı, 2017 yılındaki değişiklikle “finansal okuryazarlık” kavramının kazanımlarda yer bulduğu görülmektedir. 2005 ilköğretim ve ortaöğretim matematik öğretim programlarında örtük şekilde finansal bilgi ve becerilere farklı öğrenme alanlarında yer verildiği, matematiksel ve finansal kavramlar arasında ilişkilendirmeler yapıldığı ancak bu durumun revize edilen yeni programlarda giderek zayıfladığı saptanmıştır. Programların oluşumundaki önemi ve yoğunluğu dikkate alındığında finansal okuryazarlığa yönelik bir eğitim politikası oluşturulması ve buna uygun olarak öğretim programlarının revize edilmesi gerektiği görülmektedir.
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Mangatas L, Maha Martabar, Rahmat Junaidi, and Sri Wahyuni Wildah. "Analisis Dampak Pelaksanaan Webinar Terhadap Literasi Keuangan Pada Peserta Webinar Nasional Investasi Saham." Ekonomi, Keuangan, Investasi dan Syariah (EKUITAS) 3, no. 2 (2021): 270–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.47065/ekuitas.v3i2.1092.
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The capital market has been known as an alternative financing and investment in various countries with the presence of the Stock Exchange, but the initial findings from the study show that knowledge of alternative financing and investment (known as Financial Literacy) in developed and developing countries still shows significant differences. The role of Financial Literacy in creating economic growth in a nation is currently being observed by a number of academics, where it is clearly seen that countries with better levels of financial literacy will tend to develop more than countries with lower levels of financial literacy. Indonesia's financial literacy level which is still lower than neighboring countries such as Australia, Malaysia and Singapore in 2014 indicates the need for a number of ways that must be done, one of which is through the role of universities and organizational bodies under them to carry out this educational function. This research was conducted to determine the impact of the implementation of one of the webinars conducted by the Investment Gallery, Riau University with the theme "Getting Profit Equal, Losing Equal Losing: Creating an Investment Literate Generation" which was attended by 340 participants. The research sample used a convenience sampling technique approach and the sample size used King's auxiliary table in order to obtain a sample size of 151 people. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical approach (percentage and cross tabulation analysis). The results showed that there was an increase in understanding among participants as a result of the holding of the National Stock Webinar, however, there were still participants who did not increase their understanding optimally, so it is advisable to provide further understanding through a series of stock webinar held by the Investment Gallery, Riau University. This study also has limited analysis using Descriptive Statistics techniques which cannot be generalized directly to other populations and it is hoped that this can be the basis for further research through modeling that can be applied directly to other populations
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Daniels, Carmen, Janya McCalman, and Roxanne Bainbridge. "Meeting People Where They're at: A Systematic Review of Financial Counseling for Indigenous Peoples." Journal of Financial Counseling and Planning 32, no. 3 (2021): 417–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/jfcp-19-00065.
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Since 1990, financial counseling, literacy, and capability services have emerged in Canada, Australia, New Zealand and the United States (CANZUS nations) as practice-based approaches to support the economic participation and financial resilience of Indigenous peoples. This systematic scoping review of the published and grey literature explored how these programs have evolved and whether such approaches are effective. The review found an emerging movement toward Indigenous-specific practice, reflecting the growth of Indigenous voices in financial counseling practice and highlighting the critical case for embedding Indigenous knowledge and practices into program design and delivery. However, there was little evidence in this emerging field regarding the quality or impact of program delivery. A theoretical framework is needed to guide further research.
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Bodle, Kerry, Mark Brimble, Scott Weaven, Lorelle Frazer, and Levon Blue. "Critical success factors in managing sustainable indigenous businesses in Australia." Pacific Accounting Review 30, no. 1 (2018): 35–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/par-02-2016-0017.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate success factors pertinent to the management of Indigenous businesses through the identification of points of intervention at the systemic and structural levels. Through this approach, the economic and social values that First Nations communities attach to intangible Indigenous cultural heritage (ICH) and Indigenous cultural intellectual property (ICIP) may be both recognised and realised as assets. Design/methodology/approach This paper adopts a multidisciplinary approach to address a global issue of economic and social significance to First Nation peoples, their businesses and the Australian Aboriginal communities. The authors adopt a First Nation epistemological standpoint that incorporates theoretical perspectives drawn from a diverse range of fields and theories (Preston, 2013), as well as advocate the use of Indigenist methodology for research with First Nation peoples as it is underpinned by critical race theory. Findings The authors argue conceptually that accounting, accountability and auditing consideration are required to fully identify what is impacting the successful management of Indigenous enterprises. Specifically, in relation to accounting, Elders should be included to assist in valuing the intangible ICH and ICIP assets. Furthermore, the authors emphasise the need to improve the financial and commercial literacy levels of Indigenous entrepreneurs. Practical implications The authors prescribe the use of tools for the accounting treatment of ICH and ICIP as intangible assets within an Australian regulatory environment and define an auditing process and accountability model incorporating cultural, social and environmental measures. A central tenet of this model relates to improving levels of personal and commercial financial literacy in the First Nation participants. Collectively, these factors promote informed participation and decision-making, and may promulgate more sustainable outcomes. Social implications Integrated thinking requires all these factors to be considered in a holistic manner, such that a First Nation enterprise and the wider Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people can understand, and make decisions based on, the overall impact it has on all their stakeholders and generally on the society, the environment and the economy. Originality/value This paper contributes to Australia’s strategic research priorities of maximising social and economic participation in society and improving the health and well-being of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. The authors address the inability of current Western accounting standards, practices and models to suitably account for communally held and protocol-bound intangible Indigenous cultural heritage and Indigenous cultural intellectual property assets.
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Hicks, Alison. "Mitigating risk: mediating transition through the enactment of information literacy practices." Journal of Documentation 75, no. 5 (2019): 1190–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-11-2018-0184.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present the emergent grounded theory of mitigating risk, which was produced through an analysis of the information literacy practices of English-speakers who are learning a language overseas as part of their undergraduate degree.Design/methodology/approachThe grounded theory emerges from a qualitative study that was framed by practice theory and transitions theory, and employed constructivist grounded theory, semi-structured interviews and photo-elicitation methods to explore the information activities of 26 language-learners from Australia, Canada, the UK and the USA.FindingsThe grounded theory of mitigating risk illustrates how academic, financial and physical risks that are produced through language-learner engagement overseas catalyse the enactment of information literacy practices that enable students to mediate their transition overseas.Research limitations/implicationsThis study’s theory-building is localised and contextual rather than generalisable.Practical implicationsThe grounded theory broadens librarians’ and language-educators’ knowledge of student activities during immersive educational experiences as well as extending understanding about the shape that information literacy takes within transition to a new intercultural context.Social implicationsThe grounded theory develops understanding about the role that local communities play within intercultural transition and how these groups can respond to and prepare for increasingly fluid patterns of global movement.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to an increasingly sophisticated theoretical conceptualisation of information literacy while further providing a detailed exploration of transition from an information perspective.
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Schadewaldt, Verena, Sandhya Cherkil, Dilip Panikar, and Katharine J. Drummond. "Quality of life after resection of a meningioma—A cross-cultural comparison of Indian and Australian patients." PLOS ONE 17, no. 9 (2022): e0275184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275184.
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Purpose To compare health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and symptom burden following meningioma resection in patients from two samples from Australia and India. This will add to the body of data on the longer-term consequences of living with a meningioma in two socio-economically and culturally different countries. Methods The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Core Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ-C30), Brain Neoplasm Module (QLQ-BN20) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were administered to 159 Australian and 92 Indian meningioma patients over 24 months postoperative. A linear mixed model analysis identified differences between groups over time. Results Australian patients reported better physical functioning in the early months after surgery (T1: mean diff: 19.8, p<0.001; T2: mean diff: 12.5, p = 0.016) whereas Indian patients reported better global HRQoL (mean: -20.3, p<0.001) and emotional functioning (mean diff:-15.6, p = 0.020) at 12–24 months. In general, Australian patients reported more sleep and fatigue symptoms while Indian patients reported more gastro-intestinal symptoms over the 2-year follow-up. Future uncertainty and symptoms common for brain tumour patients were consistently more commonly reported by patients in Australia than in India. No differences for depression and anxiety were identified. Conclusion This is the first cross cultural study to directly compare postoperative HRQoL in meningioma patients. Some differences in HRQoL domains and symptom burden may be explained by culturally intrinsic reporting of symptoms, as well as higher care support from family members in India. Although there were differences in some HRQoL domains, clinically meaningful differences between the two samples were less common than perhaps expected. This may be due to an Indian sample with high literacy and financial resources to afford surgery and follow up care.
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Broad, Kiri C., Roger J. Sneath, and Timothy M. J. Emery. "Use of business analysis in beef businesses to direct management practice change for climate adaptation outcomes." Rangeland Journal 38, no. 3 (2016): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj15103.
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Beef businesses in northern Australia are facing increased pressure to be productive and profitable with challenges such as climate variability and poor financial performance over the past decade. Declining terms of trade, limited recent gains in on-farm productivity, low profit margins under current management systems and current climatic conditions will leave little capacity for businesses to absorb climate change-induced losses. In order to generate a whole-of-business focus towards management change, the Climate Clever Beef project in the Maranoa-Balonne region of Queensland trialled the use of business analysis with beef producers to improve financial literacy, provide a greater understanding of current business performance and initiate changes to current management practices. Demonstration properties were engaged and a systematic approach was used to assess current business performance, evaluate impacts of management changes on the business and to trial practices and promote successful outcomes to the wider industry. Focus was concentrated on improving financial literacy skills, understanding the business’ key performance indicators and modifying practices to improve both business productivity and profitability. To best achieve the desired outcomes, several extension models were employed: the ‘group facilitation/empowerment model’, the ‘individual consultant/mentor model’ and the ‘technology development model’. Providing producers with a whole-of-business approach and using business analysis in conjunction with on-farm trials and various extension methods proved to be a successful way to encourage producers in the region to adopt new practices into their business, in the areas of greatest impact. The areas targeted for development within businesses generally led to improvements in animal performance and grazing land management further improving the prospects for climate resilience.
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Trezona, Anita, Gill Rowlands, and Don Nutbeam. "Progress in Implementing National Policies and Strategies for Health Literacy—What Have We Learned so Far?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 7 (2018): 1554. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15071554.
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Health literacy has been a prominent issue on the agenda of the World Health Organization (WHO) for almost two decades. WHO recently established a strong global mandate for public policy action on health literacy by positioning it as one of three key pillars for achieving sustainable development and health equity in the Shanghai Declaration on Health Promotion. Several countries have national health literacy policies, with many others expected to develop them in the immediate future. It is, therefore, timely to examine current policy approaches to health literacy. The purpose of this study was to analyze a selection of existing policy documents for their strengths, limitations and themes, and offer observations about their potential to improve health literacy and health outcomes. In doing so our intention is to offer lessons and advice from early adopters that will have usefulness for future policy development and implementation. We selected six policies for review; Australia, Austria, China, New Zealand, Scotland, and the United States. We used a set of criteria to guide a systematic analysis of policy documents for their context, intended target audiences, objectives, proposed actions and interventions, evidence of financial investment and intentions to monitor outcomes. We observed a number of common features that provide helpful signposting for future policy development in other countries. All represent a response to perceived deficiencies in the quality of patient communication and patient engagement. Most present health literacy as a universal challenge, with some also identifying groups who are of higher priority. They all recognize the importance of professional education in improving the quality of communication, and most recognize that the health literacy responsiveness of the health system needs to be improved. However, there was significant variability in linking resources to specific strategies and actions, as well as in the systems for monitoring progress and accountability for progress. This variability reflects important contextual differences between countries and health systems. However, this lack of specificity will likely have an impact on the priority given to improving health literacy and on the long-term sustainability of defined actions to improve health literacy in populations.
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Mcgorry, Patrick. "‘Every Me and Every You’: Responding to the Hidden Challenge of Mental Illness in Australia." Australasian Psychiatry 13, no. 1 (2005): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1665.2004.02143.x.
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Objective: To show that mental illness affects everyone in society, describe some of the main obstacles to better outcomes, and build confidence that they can be overcome. Methods: A review and analysis of relevant evidence and experience combined with personal advocacy. Results: Mental illnesses are common and seriously under-treated, reform of the system of care has completely stalled, and insidious reinstitutionalization of the modernized system is occurring. A number of contributing factors and possible solutions are identified, including mental health literacy and advocacy campaigns, a focus on young people and early intervention, and functional reintegration of the treatment of mental and substance use disorders. Conclusions: A new wave of reform and major financial investment in the treatment of mental and substance use disorders is overdue. This can be best achieved by combining the evidence-based health care (EBHC) paradigm with a direct appeal to the self-interest of members of the general community. A National Institute of Mental Health and Addiction should be a key element of such reform, which must be a continuing process with substantially increased federal and State funding.
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Scholes-Robertson, Nicole Jane, Talia Gutman, Martin Howell, et al. "Clinicians’ perspectives on equity of access to dialysis and kidney transplantation for rural people in Australia: a semistructured interview study." BMJ Open 12, no. 2 (2022): e052315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052315.
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ObjectivesPeople with chronic kidney disease requiring dialysis or kidney transplantation in rural areas have worse outcomes, including an increased risk of hospitalisation and mortality and encounter many barriers to accessing kidney replacement therapy. We aim to describe clinicians’ perspectives of equity of access to dialysis and kidney transplantation in rural areas.DesignQualitative study with semistructured interviews.Setting and participantsTwenty eight nephrologists, nurses and social workers from 19 centres across seven states in Australia.ResultsWe identified five themes: the tyranny of distance (with subthemes of overwhelming burden of travel, minimising relocation distress, limited transportation options and concerns for patient safety on the roads); supporting navigation of health systems (reliance on local champions, variability of health literacy, providing flexible models of care and frustrated by gatekeepers); disrupted care (without continuity of care, scarcity of specialist services and fluctuating capacity for dialysis); pervasive financial distress (crippling out of pocket expenditure and widespread socioeconomic disadvantage) and understanding local variability (lacking availability of safe and sustainable resources for dialysis, sensitivity to local needs and dependence on social support).ConclusionsClinicians identified geographical barriers, dislocation from homes and financial hardship to be major challenges for patients in accessing kidney replacement therapy. Strategies such as telehealth, outreach services, increased service provision and patient navigators were suggested to improve access.
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Manchikanti, Prashanti, I.-Hao Cheng, Jenny Advocat, and Grant Russell. "Acceptability of general practice services for Afghan refugees in south-eastern Melbourne." Australian Journal of Primary Health 23, no. 1 (2017): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py16020.
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Over 750000 refugees have resettled in Australia since 1945. Despite complex health needs related to prior traumatic experiences and the challenges of resettlement in a foreign country, refugees experience poor access to primary care. Health and settlement service providers describe numerous cultural, communication, financial and health literacy barriers. This study aimed to investigate the acceptability of general practitioner (GP) services and understand what aspects of acceptability are relevant for Afghan refugees in south-eastern Melbourne. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with two Afghan community leaders and 16 Dari- or English-speaking Afghan refugees who accessed GP services. Two distinct narratives emerged – those of recently arrived refugees and established refugees (living in Australia for 3 years or longer). Transecting these narratives, participants indicated the importance of: (1) a preference for detailed clinical assessments, diagnostic investigations and the provision of prescriptions at the first consultation; (2) ‘refugee-friendly’ staff; and (3) integrated, ‘one-stop-shop’ GP clinic features. The value of acceptable personal characteristics evolved over time – GP acceptability was less a consideration for recently arrived, compared with more, established refugees. The findings reinforce the importance of tailoring healthcare delivery to the evolving needs and healthcare expectations of newly arrived and established refugees respectively.
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Bennett-Daly, Grace, Hazel Maxwell, and Heather Bridgman. "The Health Needs of Regionally Based Individuals Who Experience Homelessness: Perspectives of Service Providers." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 14 (2022): 8368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148368.
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The bidirectional relationship between homelessness and poor health and the barriers that individuals who experience homelessness face when trying to access healthcare are well documented. There is, however, little Australian research exploring the situation of individuals who experience homelessness in regional contexts and, moreover, from the perspective of service providers. A qualitative descriptive methodology underpinned this study, with in-depth semi-structured interviews being conducted with 11 service providers to identify barriers to care faced by people who experience homelessness and barriers that service providers themselves experience in supporting this population. The key barriers identified were client-level barriers: living day-by-day, financial, health literacy, mental health conditions, behaviour, safety and stigma; provider-level barriers: few bulk-billing doctors, fragmented services, limited resources, negative past experiences with healthcare; and system level barriers: transportation, over-stretched healthcare services. The combined impact of these barriers has significantly contributed to the desperate situation of people experiencing homelessness in Launceston. This situation is likely replicated in other regional populations in Australia. Given that individuals experiencing homelessness have higher rates of every measure in health inequality, steps need to be taken to reduce barriers, and a standardised approach to health care urgently needs to be implemented by governments at the state and national level to improve the health of regionally based individuals experiencing homelessness.
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Evangelista, Eloisa J., Jo James, and Elizabeth Deveny. "Implementing Anticipatory Care Plans in general practice: a practice approach to improving the health literacy of the community and reducing reliance on emergency services during after-hour periods." Australian Journal of Primary Health 22, no. 5 (2016): 428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py15045.
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The objective of this study was to trial a general practice approach to improve the health literacy of patients at risk of utilising medical, emergency or ambulatory services during after-hour periods in Australia. It did so by introducing an anticipatory after-hours care component in all new and revised care plans, known as an Anticipatory Care Plan (AntCaP).The pilot was conducted over a 6-month period in 2013–14. Thirteen general practices were recruited via expressions of interest and were paid a financial grant. Key practice staff were required to attend three workshops conducted by a Medicare Local and to be involved in the evaluation process. A pragmatic qualitative and quantitative evaluation process was conducted during the pilot, and ceased 6 months after the final workshop. The results indicate that the integration of AntCaPs into general practice was generally well received by practice staff and their patients, with early indications that AntCaPs can influence patient behaviour in the after-hours period.
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Muthayya, Sumithra, Andrew Brown, Simone Sherriff, Darryl Wright, Tangerene Ingram, and Jacqueline Davison. "Applying Community-Based system Dynamics to Address Food Insecurity in Non-Remote Indigenous Populations in Australia." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (2020): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa043_101.
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Abstract Objectives There is a growing crisis of hunger and food inequality among Indigenous people in Australia who are increasingly urbanized. They experience substantially higher rates of food insecurity than the general population which impacts on diet-sensitive chronic disease risk and life expectancy. This project aimed to apply systems tools to identify systemic challenges to achieving food security and possible local actions to address the problem in two large Aboriginal communities. Methods A qualitative system dynamics method used group model building (GMB) in two regional and outer urban communities involving participants from Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services, food relief charities, council, educational groups and some food industry partners in the two local areas. The GMB enabled the participants to consider all the connections between contributing factors, feedback and reinforcing loops to produce a map of food insecurity linked to the local food system. This project was done in collaboration with the Study of Environment of Aboriginal Resilience and Child Health (SEARCH), Australia's largest cohort study into the health of urban Aboriginal children. Results The GMB workshops resulted in causal loop diagrams that mapped the complexities of the food insecurity challenge. The maps highlighted the impact of low incomes and unemployment that influenced the communities’ ability to budget and afford healthy food, thereby leading to a reliance on convenience food outlets. This, in turn, influenced communities’ healthy food preferences, which negatively impacted on food security. Additionally, community education around healthy food choices, meal planning and financial literacy were factors that also directly impacted food security. A distinct loop reflected that a lack of coordination between agencies was leading to duplication and confusion about available food relief services and the ability to access these services. Conclusions These analyses elicited local understanding of the potential levers within the system to address food insecurity in Indigenous people. They are being used to develop community-level workplans to shift the high prevalence of food insecurity and its longer-term impact on preventable chronic disease. Funding Sources This work was funded by the Australian Prevention Partnership Centre and the Sax Institute, Sydney.
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Fauk, Nelsensius Klau, Anna Ziersch, Hailay Gesesew, et al. "Migrants and Service Providers’ Perspectives of Barriers to Accessing Mental Health Services in South Australia: A Case of African Migrants with a Refugee Background in South Australia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 17 (2021): 8906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18178906.
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International mobility has increased steadily in recent times, bringing along a myriad of health, social and health system challenges to migrants themselves and the host nations. Mental health issues have been identified as a significant problem among migrants, with poor accessibility and underutilisation of the available mental health services (MHSs) repeatedly reported, including in Australia. Using a qualitative inquiry and one-on-one in-depth interviews, this study explored perspectives of African migrants and service providers on barriers to accessing MHSs among African migrants in South Australia. The data collection took place during the COVID-19 pandemic with lockdown and other measures to combat the pandemic restricting face to face meetings with potential participants. Online platforms including Zoom and/or WhatsApp video calls were used to interview 20 African migrants and 10 service providers. Participants were recruited from community groups and/or associations, and organisations providing services for migrants and/or refugees in South Australia using the snowball sampling technique. Thematic framework analysis was used to guide the data analysis. Key themes centred on personal factors (health literacy including knowledge and the understanding of the health system, and poor financial condition), structural factors related to difficulties in navigating the complexity of the health system and a lack of culturally aware service provision, sociocultural and religious factors, mental health stigma and discrimination. The findings provide an insight into the experiences of African migrants of service provision to them and offer suggestions on how to improve these migrants’ mental health outcomes in Australia. Overcoming barriers to accessing mental health services would need a wide range of strategies including education on mental health, recognising variations in cultures for effective service provision, and addressing mental health stigma and discrimination which strongly deter service access by these migrants. These strategies will facilitate help-seeking behaviours as well as effective provision of culturally safe MHSs and improvement in access to MHSs among African migrants.
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Ryan, Jillian C., Bonnie Wiggins, Sarah Edney, et al. "Identifying critical features of type two diabetes prevention interventions: A Delphi study with key stakeholders." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (2021): e0255625. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255625.
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Aims This study aims to identify critically important features of digital type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prevention interventions. Methods A stakeholder mapping exercise was undertaken to identify key end-user and professional stakeholders, followed by a three-round Delphi procedure to generate and evaluate evidence statements related to the critical elements of digital T2DM prevention interventions in terms of product (intervention), price (funding models/financial cost), place (distribution/delivery channels), and promotion (target audiences). Results End-user (n = 38) and professional (n = 38) stakeholders including patients, dietitians, credentialed diabetes educators, nurses, medical doctors, research scientists, and exercise physiologists participated in the Delphi study. Fifty-two critical intervention characteristics were identified. Future interventions should address diet, physical activity, mental health (e.g. stress, diabetes-related distress), and functional health literacy, while advancing behaviour change support. Programs should be delivered digitally or used multiple delivery modes, target a range of population subgroups including children, and be based on collaborative efforts between national and local and government and non-government funded organisations. Conclusions Our findings highlight strong support for digital health to address T2DM in Australia and identify future directions for T2DM prevention interventions. The study also demonstrates the feasibility and value of stakeholder-led intervention development processes.
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Mainwaring, Debra. "Educational Psychologists as advocates of children in out of home care: An innovative program model that empowers young people and the adults who support them." Educational and Child Psychology 31, no. 1 (2014): 101–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpsecp.2014.31.1.101.
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Life Without Barriers, a specialist foster care agency, are funding a Collaborative Education Program in partnership with Edmund Rice Education Australia Youth +. This paper aims to share some of the practice that gives a voice to the children and young people who have experienced trauma, abuse and neglect and have been placed in out of home care. Casework illustrations serve to reveal how the voice of the child is included in measures of participation, well-being and achievement that inform their Education Support Plans. Given the evidence of the impact of trauma on language development non-verbal methods of monitoring are used to explore the child’s perceptions of: what context is most likely to engage them using the Preferences for Activities for Children flashcards and pictorial Likert scales; how their attachment to the carer is developing using video recordings of structured play sessions with carers; sandtray and symbol work when creating trauma narratives; and iPad applications to scaffold emotional expression, social problem solving, transition planning and literacy and numeracy interventions. The program model is limited by recent government financial cutbacks in addition to the scarcity of educational and developmental psychologists in Queensland and its expansion to a national model requires a creative, facilitative model of leadership and strategic social investment in the local community.
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BEAL, DIANA J., and SARATH B. DELPACHITRA. "FINANCIAL LITERACY AMONG AUSTRALIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS." Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy 22, no. 1 (2003): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1759-3441.2003.tb00337.x.
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Julian, Roberta, and Sally F. Kelty. "Forensic science as “risky business”: identifying key risk factors in the forensic process from crime scene to court." Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice 1, no. 4 (2015): 195–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcrpp-09-2015-0044.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify and discuss key risk factors in the use of forensic science in the criminal justice system by adopting a holistic and systemic approach that examines the collection and use of forensic evidence from crime scene to court. Design/methodology/approach – The research on which the paper is based was a mixed-method five-year study of the effectiveness of forensic science in the criminal justice system in Australia using qualitative and quantitative methods. The paper draws on the in-depth analysis of qualitative data from 11 case studies of investigations of serious crime to identify key risk factors in the use of forensic science from crime scene to court. Findings – Six key risk factors in the forensic process from crime scene to court are identified: low level of forensic awareness among first responders; crime scene examiners (CSEs) as technicians rather than professionals; inefficient and/or ineffective laboratory processes; limited forensic literacy among key actors in the criminal justice system; poor communication between key actors in the criminal justice system; and, financial resources not directed at the front end of the forensic process. Overall the findings demonstrate that forensic science is not well embedded in the criminal justice system. Practical implications – The paper suggests that the risks inherent in the current practice of forensic science in the criminal justice system can be reduced dramatically through: forensic awareness training among first responders; the professionalisation of CSEs; continued improvements in efficiency and effectiveness at the laboratory with a focus on timeliness and quality; greater forensic literacy among actors in the criminal justice system; appropriate avenues of communication between agencies, practitioners and policymakers in the criminal justice system; and increased allocation of resources to the front end of the forensic process. Originality/value – By adopting a holistic, systemic approach to the analysis of forensic science in the criminal justice system, and identifying inherent risks in the system, this paper contributes to the emerging body of research on the social processes that impact on the effectiveness of forensic science.
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Pammer, Kristen, Melissa Freire, Cassandra Gauld, and Nathan Towney. "Keeping Safe on Australian Roads: Overview of Key Determinants of Risky Driving, Passenger Injury, and Fatalities for Indigenous Populations." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5 (2021): 2446. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052446.
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Social and cultural barriers associated with inequitable access to driver licensing and associated road safety education, as well as socioeconomic issues that preclude ongoing vehicle maintenance and registration, result in unsafe in-car behaviours such as passenger overcrowding. This in turn is associated with improper seatbelt usage, noncompliance with child restraint mandates, and driver distraction. For example, in Australia, where seatbelt use is mandatory, Indigenous road users are three times less likely to wear seatbelts than non-Indigenous road users. This is associated with a disproportionately high fatality rate for Indigenous drivers and passengers; 21% of Indigenous motor-vehicle occupants killed on Australian roads were not wearing a seatbelt at the time of impact. In addition, inequitable access to driver licensing instruction due to financial and cultural barriers results in Indigenous learner drivers having limited access to qualified mentors and instructors. A consequent lack of road safety instruction results in a normalising of risky driving behaviours, perpetuated through successive generations of drivers. Moreover, culturally biased driver instruction manuals, which are contextualised within an English written-language learning framework, fail to accommodate the learning needs of Indigenous peoples who may encounter difficulties with English literacy. This results in difficulty understanding the fundamental road rules, which in turn makes it difficult for young drivers to develop and sustain safe in-car behaviours. This paper considers the literature regarding road safety for Indigenous road users and critically evaluates strategies and policies that have been advanced to protect Indigenous drivers. Novel solutions to increasing road safety rule compliance are proposed, particularly in relation to passenger safety, which are uniquely embedded within Indigenous ways of knowing, being, and doing. Safe driving practices have crucial health and social implications for Indigenous communities by allowing more Indigenous people to participate in work and education opportunities, access healthcare, maintain cultural commitments, and engage with families and friends, qualities which are essential for ongoing health and wellbeing.
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Lowies, Braam, Robert Brenton Whait, Christa Viljoen, and Stanley McGreal. "Fractional ownership – an alternative residential property investment vehicle." Journal of Property Investment & Finance 36, no. 6 (2018): 513–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpif-02-2018-0013.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine the profile of the typical online fractional residential property investor in Australia. This study also seeks to understand the motives for engaging with and investing in alternative residential property investments. Design/methodology/approach This study employs a survey-based design via an online questionnaire to gather information on investor age, gender, type, education levels, time horizons and investment history and risk and return expectations. It also gathers information regarding investors’ financial literacy including tax implications of fractional property investment. Findings The findings of this study suggest amongst others, that fractional property investors tend to be younger, although the platform also attracts older investors including older females. The study also found that investors do not select alternative investment platforms in anticipation of super-normal investment returns. Return expectations are realistic and are based on a balance between capital growth and income. Practical implications This study indicates that alternative investment platforms lowers the barriers of entry into residential property for first time investors. It therefore creates opportunities to allow many first time individual investors to invest in property, often as an alternative to bank savings or investing in the stock market. Originality/value This study enhances our understanding of the influence of alternative investment platforms on investment decision-making. More specifically, it contrasts fractional property investment with more traditional investment opportunities to understand the motives of investors for diversifying into online investment vehicles.
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Jurak, Mirko. "Bernard Hickey : (1931-2007) : in memoriam." Acta Neophilologica 40, no. 1-2 (2007): 207–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/an.40.1-2.207-209.
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In the mid-1970s the Australian government began to stimulate departments of English at various European universities to include in their curricula the teaching of Australian literature. Literature Board of the Australia Council helped organize vari ous seminars and conferences, it provided some basic text-books and literary works, and also financially supported Australian university professors to give lectures at these institutions. The Department of English at the University of Ljubljana showed interest in developing these relations and Bernard Hickey was one of the first Australian guests at our university.
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Kunin, Marina, Jenny Advocat, Suhashi M. Wickramasinghe, Emilie Dionne, and Grant Russell. "How general practitioners perceive access needs of vulnerable patients and act to address these needs: a mixed-methods study in south-east Melbourne, Australia." Australian Health Review 44, no. 5 (2020): 763. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah19186.
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ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to understand primary health care (PHC) access barriers for vulnerable people living in south-east Melbourne from the perspective of general practitioners (GPs) who work in the area and to outline strategies that GPs have used to address these barriers. MethodsA convergent mixed-methods design was used. Quantitative surveys were conducted with practice managers and GPs, and semistructured qualitative interviews were undertaken with GPs. Data were analysed using a thematic framework approach. ResultsEach of the vulnerable groups frequently seen by GPs in south-east Melbourne is thought to encounter access barriers in one or more access domains. GPs reported: (1) improving transparency, outreach and information on available treatments to address limited health literacy; (2) using culturally sensitive and language-speaking staff to overcome cultural stereotypes; (3) making practice-level arrangements to overcome limited mobility and social isolation; (4) bulk billing and helping find affordable services to overcome financial hardship; and (5) building trusting relationships with vulnerable patients to improve their engagement with treatment. ConclusionGPs understand the nature of access barriers for local vulnerable groups and have the potential to improve equitable access to primary health care. GPs need support in the on-going application and further development of strategies to accommodate access needs of vulnerable patients. What is known about the topic?Access to primary health care (PHC) is integral to reducing gaps in health outcomes for vulnerable groups. Vulnerable groups often encounter challenges in accessing PHC, and GPs have the potential to improve PHC access. What does this paper add?GPs thought that the vulnerable patients they frequently treat encounter barriers pertaining to both patient access abilities and service accessibility. They reported addressing these barriers by improving transparency, outreach and information on available treatments; using culturally sensitive and multilingual staff; making practice-level arrangements to overcome limited mobility and social isolation; bulk billing and helping find affordable services; and building trusting relationships with vulnerable patients. What are the implications for practitioners?Understanding the nature of access barriers for local vulnerable groups and information on strategies used by GPs allows for the further development of PHC access strategies.
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Bin-Sallik, Maryann, Isabella Adams, and Siva Ram Vemuri. "Strategies for Improving Indigenous Financial Literacy in Schools." Australian Journal of Indigenous Education 33 (2004): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1326011100600844.
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AbstractThe Indigenous Australian population is not only considerably younger than the non-Indigenous population but is also on the rise. The challenge for many is to provide the kind of education that equips young Indigenous Australians with the necessary skills for managing their money. This challenge is further compounded, as the adult Indigenous population is not well versed in money management. This paper examines some of the strategies that are needed to improve Indigenous financial literacy in schools.
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Natoli, Riccardo. "Factors contributing to financial literacy levels among a migrant group." International Journal of Social Economics 45, no. 5 (2018): 730–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-11-2016-0341.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine whether differences in the characteristics, financial knowledge and financial attitudes of a migrant group exert significant influence on the likelihood of their financial literacy level. Design/methodology/approach A multiple discriminant analysis incorporating post-estimation analyses is employed, where the financial literacy level is used to identify a priori clusters. Findings The results showed that a significant discriminant function could be estimated to classify the study cohort into three financial literacy groupings. The paper concludes with recommendations for future research to address financial literacy, taking into account differences in characteristics, financial attitudes and financial knowledge of different cohort groups. Research limitations/implications Although the research targets Vietnamese migrants, no claims can be made regarding the representation of other migrant groups as a whole. The research has implications with respect to programs to improve financial literacy levels of those most at need. This paper provides recommendations for future research in this area. Originality/value The paper provides one of the few studies of an Australian migrant cohort with respect to financial literacy. The study utilises a multiple discriminant analysis incorporating post-estimation analysis to examine, and compare, the factors that influence a person’s financial literacy level.
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Usatenko, Galyna, and Tamara Usatenko. "UKRAINIAN-AUSTRALIAN LITERARY HORIZON: CHALLENGES OF ESTABLISHMENT." Almanac of Ukrainian Studies, no. 29 (2021): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-2626/2021.29.25.
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The article considers the role of Ukrainian literature in the preservation of native culture in Australia of immigrants from Ukraine in the first wave of settlement and the decline of interest in literature in the country of emigrants in the next waves of arrival. The increased attention of the first Ukrainian immigrants to fiction as a unique factor in preserving the mentality in the multicultural society, the formation of public identity, the development of worldview and cognitive, socio-humanitarian, sociopolitical beliefs of the community, each individual. Stages, forms, methods, approaches in the organization of mass literary education of Ukrainian settlers, the activity of literary, non-literary (cultural, sports, professional), commercial and noncommercial structures of the community in the organization of literary process is revealed: selection for reading of classical literature, financial support of writers, participation in printing literary texts, distributing, filling libraries with literature, etc. The contribution of book lovers' circles to the unity of the community, improvement of communication, personal relations, raising interest in reading Ukrainian literature, comprehension of the content of what is read is proved. The role of writers, writers' associations, organizations, literary studios, scientists, public activists in the development of cultural, artistic, literary, educational processes has been studied. The special role of Ukrainian studies centers of universities in Australia in the development of scientific foundations of education, literary studies simultaneously with the solution of economic and economic development, integration into the civil society of the state of Australia. The isolation of the factors of Ukrainian studies from the basis of Ukrainian studies is substantiated. Attention is paid to modern literary studies of the young gener ation of Ukrainian scientists born in Australia (field theory, network, art aesthetics, etc.) through the prism of postmodernist ideas of Western European culture. It is noted about the integration of the Ukrainian literary network into the Australian socio-cultural space. The connections and cooperation of Ukrainian studies centers in Australia with literary institutions of Ukraine, international scientific literary studies, Ukrainian studies centers are highlighted. The emergence of conflicts, conflicts of interest, desires, understanding of opposing views that appear in the process of communication between Ukrainian immigrants of the first wave of settlement and the representatives of the next stages, the preconditions of which are based on objective and subjective conditions. It is noted that the joint solution of inconsistencies based on cooperation and the development of constructive decisions is far from a positive clarification. Challenges, inconsistencies of the emigrant community of the first and subsequent waves of settlement, difficulties of preservation of identity, language, traditions, culture in the multicultural environment are found out.
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Neil, Sarah, Kylie Murphy, and Glenda Chapman. "Evaluating Health Literacy Environments in Australian Health Services." Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management 13, no. 2 (2018): ii35. http://dx.doi.org/10.24083/apjhm.v13i2.7.
Full textAbstract:
The term ‘health literacy’ refers to the knowledge and skills used by an individual to make decisions about his or her own health. However, the environment in which health decisions are made is increasingly recognised as a critical component of health literacy. The health literacy environment can help to moderate the typical relationship between low individual health literacy and poor health. Becoming a more health literate healthcare organisation may require only meager financial investment for relatively large effectiveness gains. In this article, a review of Australian government health policies identifies three major foci relevant to the health literacy environment: the complexity of health services, the content of health information, and the physical environment. An overarching theme identified in this review is the importance of consumer input in evaluating all aspects of the health literacy environment. Despite major policy imperatives and the ongoing need to ensure health investments are socially equitable and cost-effective, there is little published evidence of Australian healthcare services evaluating their own health literacy environment. This article establishes the importance of evaluating the health literacy of Australian healthcare services and reviews four potentially useful evaluation tools.
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Hollander, Robyn. "‘Every man's right’: Queensland Labor and Home Ownership 1915–1957." Queensland Review 2, no. 2 (1995): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s132181660000088x.
Full textAbstract:
In 1990, the Queensland Government launched its now discredited Home Ownership Made Easy scheme. HOME provided financial assistance to ‘moderate’ income earners by offering fixed interest, low start loans, and was accompanied by HOME Shared and HOME Buy which targeted public housing tenants. While HOME differed from past programs in its detail, it can be seen as the most recent attempt by a State Labor Government to extend owner occupation in Queensland. Between 1915 and 1957, the Queensland Labor Party actively sought to promote home ownership through a range of programs including the Workers' Dwellings and Workers' Homes schemes. These programs were a reflection of a fundamental belief in home ownership as ‘every man's right’ and as an ‘essential’ element of the ‘Australian way of life’. Thus, Queensland Labor displayed none of the ambivalence which characterised Labor Party attitudes to home ownership elsewhere in Australia. Williams contends that the Australian Labor Party was trapped between its commitment to assisting the poor, its reluctance to play the role of landlord, and its support for home ownership. The Queensland Party experienced no such ideological quandary. While other Labor Governments tended to accept an obligation to provide public rental accommodation for those unable to buy homes of their own, Queensland Labor continued to display a distaste for ‘public landlordism’.
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Owens, Alison, and Donna Lee Brien. "Australian women writers’ popular non-fiction prose in the pre-war period: Exploring their motivations." Australasian Journal of Popular Culture 11, no. 1 (2022): 63–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ajpc_00051_1.
Full textAbstract:
Since the 1970s, feminist scholars have undertaken important critical work on Australian women’s writing of earlier eras, profiling and promoting their fiction. Less attention has been afforded to the popular non-fiction produced by Australian women writers and, in particular, to that produced before the Second World War. Yet this writing is important for several reasons. First, the non-fiction writing of Australian women was voluminous and popular with readers. Second, this popular work critically engaged with a tumultuous political, social and moral landscape in which, as women’s rights were increasingly realized through legislation, the subjectivity of women themselves was fluid and contested. Third, as many of these women were also, or principally, fiction writers, their non-fiction can be shown to have informed and influenced many of their fictional interests, themes and characters. Lastly, and critically, popular non-fiction publication helped to financially sustain many of these writers. In proposing a conceptual framework informed by the work of Pierre Bourdieu to analyse examples of this body of work, this article not only suggests that important connections exist between popular and mainstream non-fiction works – newspaper and magazine articles, essays, pamphlets and speeches – and the fictional publications of Australian women writers of the early twentieth century but also suggests that these connections may represent an Australian literary habitus where writing across genre, form and audience was a professional approach that built and sustained literary careers.
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Cope, Jen. "Quoting to persuade." AILA Review 33 (October 7, 2020): 136–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aila.00034.cop.
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Abstract This paper examines how quotations are linguistically constructed by expert contributors in US, UK, and Australian opinion texts, vis-à-vis their form, function, and processes. Cope’s (2016) study found that authoritative expert contributors integrated a considerable number of quotations on blame and responsibility for the global financial crisis in single-authored US, UK, and Australian opinion texts. By examining the form, function, and processes of quoting in this paper, she found evidence that quoting is an intertextual form of positioning. Empirically grounded linguistic analyses investigate the language of quoting frames – how the quoted source is specified, the quoting verb used, e.g., strong meanings (demanded, thundered, promised) or neutral (said, told) – and evaluate the language of propositional content in quotations. Such analyses reveal authorial positions taken in quoting. A greater number of quotations incorporated by general newspaper opinion authors, than by specialized financial newspaper opinion authors, furthermore implies that quoting increases a writer’s authority in non-specialized media sources. The specially created integrated linguistic framework draws on Martin & White’s (2005) Appraisal system from systemic-functional linguistics, White’s (2012, 2015) attribution and endorsement, and Bazerman’s (2004) intertextuality techniques. Contextual factors in language use and quoting are evaluated throughout. This paper thus provides evidence of, and implications for, quoting in cross-cultural opinion texts, and contributes to knowledge on the increasingly mediatized practice of language recycling and to media literacy.