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Journal articles on the topic 'Finding local extrema'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Oday, Jasim Mohammed Al-Furaiji, Anh Tuan Nguyen, and Yurevich TsviatkouViktar. "A new fast efficient non-maximum suppression algorithm based on image segmentation." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (IJEECS) 19, no. 2 (2020): 1062–70. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v19.i2.pp1062-1070.

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In this paper, the problem of finding local extrema in grayscale images is considered. The known non-maximum suppression algorithms provide high speed, but only single-pixel extrema are extracted, skipping regions formed by multi-pixel extrema. Morphological algorithms allow to extract all extrema but its maxima and minima are processed separately with high computational complexity by iterative processing based on image reconstruction using image morphological dilation and erosion. In this paper a new fast efficient non-maximum suppression algorithm based on image segmentation and border analy

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Al-Furaiji, Oday Jasim, Nguyen Anh Tuan, and Viktar Yurevich Tsviatkou. "A new fast efficient non-maximum suppression algorithm based on image segmentation." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 19, no. 2 (2020): 1062. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v19.i2.pp1062-1070.

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<span>In this paper, the problem of finding local extrema in grayscale images is considered. The known non-maximum suppression algorithms provide high speed, but only single-pixel extrema are extracted, skipping regions formed by multi-pixel extrema. Morphological algorithms allow to</span><span>extract all extrema but its maxima and minima are processed separately with high computational complexity by iterative processing based on image reconstruction using image morphological dilation and erosion. In this paper a new fast efficient non-maximum suppression algorithm based on

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Djuren, Tobias, Maximilian Kohlbrenner, and Marc Alexa. "K-Surfaces: Bézier-Splines Interpolating at Gaussian Curvature Extrema." ACM Transactions on Graphics 42, no. 6 (2023): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3618383.

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K-surfaces are an interactive modeling technique for Bézier-spline surfaces. Inspired by k -curves by [Yan et al. 2017], each patch provides a single control point that is being interpolated at a local extremum of Gaussian curvature. The challenge is to solve the inverse problem of finding the center control point of a Bézier patch given the boundary control points and the handle. Unlike the situation in 2D, bi-quadratic Bézier patches may exhibit none, one, or several extrema, and finding them is non-trivial. We solve the difficult inverse problem, including the possible selection among sever

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Gomes, Abel, and José Morgado. "A Generalized Regula Falsi Method for Finding Zeros and Extrema of Real Functions." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/394654.

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Many zero-finding numerical methods are based on the Intermediate Value Theorem, which states that a zero of a real function is bracketed in a given interval if and have opposite signs; that is, . But, some zeros cannot be bracketed this way because they do not satisfy the precondition . For example, local minima and maxima that annihilate may not be bracketed by the Intermediate Value Theorem. In this case, we can always use a numerical method for bracketing extrema, checking then whether it is a zero of or not. Instead, this paper introduces a single numerical method, calledgeneralized regul

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Barkalov, Konstantin, Ilya Lebedev, and Evgeny Kozinov. "Acceleration of Global Optimization Algorithm by Detecting Local Extrema Based on Machine Learning." Entropy 23, no. 10 (2021): 1272. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23101272.

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This paper features the study of global optimization problems and numerical methods of their solution. Such problems are computationally expensive since the objective function can be multi-extremal, nondifferentiable, and, as a rule, given in the form of a “black box”. This study used a deterministic algorithm for finding the global extremum. This algorithm is based neither on the concept of multistart, nor nature-inspired algorithms. The article provides computational rules of the one-dimensional algorithm and the nested optimization scheme which could be applied for solving multidimensional

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Romanuke, Vadim. "Nine-Point Iterated Rectangle Dichotomy for Finding All Local Minima of Unknown Bounded Surface." Applied Computer Systems 27, no. 2 (2022): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acss-2022-0010.

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Abstract A method is suggested to find all local minima and the global minimum of an unknown two-variable function bounded on a given rectangle regardless of the rectangle area. The method has eight inputs: five inputs defined straightforwardly and three inputs, which are adjustable. The endpoints of the initial intervals constituting the rectangle and a formula for evaluating the two-variable function at any point of this rectangle are the straightforward inputs. The three adjustable inputs are a tolerance with the minimal and maximal numbers of subintervals along each dimension. The toleranc

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Romanuke, Vadim. "Three-Point Iterated Interval Half-Cutting for Finding All Local Minima of Unknown Single-Variable Function." Electrical, Control and Communication Engineering 18, no. 1 (2022): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ecce-2022-0004.

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Abstract A numerical method is suggested to find all local minima and the global minimum of an unknown single-variable function bounded on a given interval regardless of the interval length. The method has six inputs: three inputs defined straightforwardly and three inputs, which are adjustable. The endpoints of the initial interval and a formula for evaluating the single-variable function at any point of this interval are the straightforward inputs. The three adjustable inputs are a tolerance with the minimal and maximal numbers of subintervals. The tolerance is the secondary adjustable input

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Sushkova, Olga S., Alexei A. Morozov, Margarita N. Khokhlova, et al. "Investigation and development of methods for automatic search for AUC-diagram-based features of Parkinson's disease and essential tremor." Radioelectronics. Nanosystems. Information Technologies. 16, no. 1 (2024): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17725/j.rensit.2023.16.067.

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Methods and optimization algorithms for automatic search for AUC-diagram-based features of Parkinson's disease and essential tremor were studied and developed. AUC diagrams are a new method for statistical analysis of biomedical signals, based on visualizing the parameters of wave train electrical activity in the brain and muscles. The effectiveness of this method has been demonstrated in solving problems of early and differential diagnosis of Parkinson's disease and essential tremor. The disadvantage of this method is the need to construct and analyze a large number of graphic diagrams. In th

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Stupin, Denis L. "A new method of estimation of moduli of initial Taylor coefficients on the class of bounded non-vanishing functions." Russian Universities Reports. Mathematics, no. 145 (2024): 98–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2686-9667-2024-29-145-98-120.

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The task of obtaining the sharp estimate of the modulus of the n-th Taylor coefficient on the class B of bounded non-vanishing functions has been reduced to the problem of estimating a functional over the class of normalized bounded functions, which in turn has been reduced to the problem of finding the constrained maximum of a non-negative objective function of 2n-3 real arguments with constraints of the inequality type, that allows us to apply the standard numerical methods of finding constrained extrema. Analytical expressions of the first six objective functions have been obtained and thei

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Kalinin, M. A., P. S. Verezemskaya, M. A. Krinitskiy, M. A. Borisov, and N. D. Tilinina. "BAYESIAN OPTIMIZATION OF THE METHOD OF IDENTIFICATION OF MESOSCALE OCEAN EDDIES IN THE LABRADOR SEA IN EDDY-RESOLVING MODELLING DATA." Journal of Oceanological Research 52, no. 4 (2024): 56–73. https://doi.org/10.29006/1564-2291.jor-2024.52(4).4.

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Deep convection in the Labrador Sea has a significant role in the formation of the Northern Hemisphere climate. The eddy activity in the Labrador Sea, represented by Irminger rings, influences the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the mixed layer depth. Automated eddy identification methods are widely used as a tool to study eddy activity in statistically significant samples. However, the most commonly used method for finding local extrema is highly dependent on a variety of parameters chosen by the author or the user of the method. In this paper, a new algorithm for the identification of

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Lesser, Larry. "Findin' Extrema Local." Math Horizons 22, no. 4 (2015): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4169/mathhorizons.22.4.25.

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Levkin, D. "Theoretical and methodological approach to the study of technological processes." Energy and automation, no. 3(55) (June 23, 2021): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/energiya2021.03.111.

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The article investigates some issues of complex systems analysis and synthesis that contain local, discrete sources of temperature fields. The emphasis of the author's research lies in the calculation and optimization of the parameters of the laser action on the embryo. The biotechnological process is described by the boundary value problem of a non-stationary, multidimensional differential equation of thermal conductivity which satisfies the boundary conditions of heat flux, beginning and end of the laser action process. The author proposes an algorithm for calculation and optimization of the

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Shafronenko, A. Yu, Ye V. Bodyanskiy, and O. O. Holovin. "CLUSTERIZATION OF DATA ARRAYS BASED ON THE MODIFIED GRAY WOLF ALGORITHM." Radio Electronics, Computer Science, Control, no. 1 (February 25, 2023): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15588/1607-3274-2023-1-7.

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Context. The task of clustering arrays of multidimensional data, the main goal of which is to find classes of observations that are homogeneous in the sense of the accepted metric, is an important part of the intelligent data analysis of Data Mining. From a computational point of view, the problem of clustering turns into the problem of finding local extrema of a multiextreme function, which are repeatedly started from different points of the original data array. To speed up the process of finding these extrema using the ideas of evolutionary optimization, which includes algorithms inspired by

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Горб, Сергей Иванович, and Екатерина Яцык. "Optimization of automatic control of the speed of rotation of a marine diesel engine." Automation of ship technical facilities 27, no. 1 (2021): 03–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31653/1819-3293-2021-1-27-03-21.

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Annotation – The well-established method of tuning the speed governors (SG) of diesel engines during their operation under conditions of step disturbances, which are characteristic of diesel-generators, cannot be used for the main marine engines, the dynamic modes of which are associated, first of all, with heavy seas, because disturbances cannot change stepwise both along the channel for setting the rotational speed and along the load channel. In this regard, the practical need for the development of a method for tuning the SG of the main engines, which takes into account the peculiarities of

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LEVKIN, Dmytro, Olexiy ZAVGORODNIY, Olexander МAKAROV, and Yana KOTKO. "GRID-STEP OPTIMIZATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF THERMAL IMPACT ON THE TECHNICAL SYSTEM." MEASURING AND COMPUTING DEVICES IN TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES, no. 1 (March 28, 2024): 356–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2219-9365-2024-77-47.

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The article solves applied problems of optimizing the parameters of technical systems under the influence of concentrated, discrete sources of thermal load. To improve the accuracy and speed of solving applied optimization problems, the authors propose a generalized procedure for finding the optimal thermal load parameters. This procedure consists of well-known computational methods for solving boundary value problems and ensuring the optimization of the objective function and its parameters. To calculate the values of the temperature field, it is necessary to solve a nonlocal boundary value p

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Feng, Teng, Shuwei Deng, Qianwen Duan, and Yao Mao. "Application of Local Search Particle Swarm Optimization Based on the Beetle Antennae Search Algorithm in Parameter Optimization." Actuators 13, no. 7 (2024): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act13070270.

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Intelligent control algorithms have been extensively utilized for adaptive controller parameter adjustment. While the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm has several issues: slow convergence speed requiring a large number of iterations, a tendency to get trapped in local optima, and difficulty escaping from them. It is also sensitive to the distribution of the solution space, where uneven distribution can lead to inefficient contraction. On the other hand, the Beetle Antennae Search (BAS) algorithm is robust, precise, and has strong global search capabilities. However, its limitation l

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Chovnyuk, Yuriy, Katerina Razumova, Petro Cherednichenko, and Olena Mischenko. "APPLICATION OF THE ”WAVE“ METHOD TO SOLVE THE PROBLEMS OF OPTIMIZATION OF PASSENGER AND CARGO TRANSPORTATION IN MEGACITIES TO IMPROVE THEIR TRANSPORT NETWORK AND INFRASTRUCTURE. Conceptual basis, mathematical framework." Current problems of architecture and urban planning, no. 61 (October 29, 2021): 410–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2021.61.410-427.

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The paper proposes a new approach to solving optimization problems arising in engineering and transport logistics in designing and construction of roads (in particular, in megacities, near large transport hubs, near state borders) for cargo and passenger transportation and implementation of international trade. The fundamental problems of modern engineering logistics - the problem of optimal location (transport hubs) and the problem of identification and segmentation of logistics, transport and logistics zones are considered. These problems are solved using methods of variational calculus, in

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LEVKIN, DMYTRO, ANDRII KRAVTSOV, OLEXIY ZAVGORODNIY, and YANA KOTKO. "SOLUTION OF NONLINEAR OPTIMIZATION PROBLEMS OF HEAT TRANSFER THEORY." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Technical sciences 347, no. 1 (2025): 221–26. https://doi.org/10.31891/2307-5732-2025-347-29.

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The article proposes mathematical models and computational methods for the solution of nonlinear problems of finding local extrema of the objective function. These mathematical models and computational methods create a computational structure for improving the accuracy of applied optimization problems. Computational mathematical models of thermal action on a multilayer material and laser action on an embryo have been developed. It should be noted that the computational mathematical model describing the laser effect on the embryo is a nonlocal boundary value problem with a system of evolutionar

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Antipina, Evgeniya V., Svetlana A. Mustafina, Andrey F. Antipin, and Nikolay D. Morozkin. "Algorithm for Solving the Problem of Optimal Control of a Chemical-Technological Process with Terminal Constraints." Engineering Technologies and Systems 32, no. 3 (2022): 410–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15507/2658-4123.032.202203.410-422.

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Introduction. The problem of determining the optimal mode parameters during the mathematical modeling of chemical and technological processes is the most important. Numerical methods and algorithms for the solution provide the basis for developing software packages to calculate processes and their digital twins. The mathematical model of the chemical-technological process can be described by a system of differential equations, highlighting the phase variables that determine the state of the process, and the control parameters, which can be changed and thereby affect the course of the process.

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Dubynskyi, V. M., O. V. Pankratov, T. E. Romanova, B. S. Lysenko, R. V. Kayafyuk, and O. O. Zhmud. "Convex Polygonal Hull for a Pair of Irregular Objects." Cybernetics and Computer Technologies, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.34229/2707-451x.21.2.2.

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Introduction. Optimization placement problems are NP-hard. In most cases related to cutting and packing problems, heuristic approaches are used. The development of analytical methods for mathematical modeling of the problems is of paramount important for expanding the class of placement problems that can be solved optimally using state of the art NLP-solvers. The problem of placing two irregular two-dimensional objects in a convex polygonal region of the minimum size, which is a convex polygonal hull of the minimum area or perimeter, is considered. Continuous rotations and translations of non-

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Bodyanskiy, Ye V., I. P. Pliss, and A. Yu Shafronenko. "CLUSTERIZATION OF DATA ARRAYS BASED ON COMBINED OPTIMIZATION OF DISTRIBUTION DENSITY FUNCTIONS AND THE EVOLUTIONARY METHOD OF CAT SWARM." Radio Electronics, Computer Science, Control, no. 4 (December 5, 2022): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.15588/1607-3274-2022-4-5.

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Context. The task of clustering arrays of observations of an arbitrary nature is an integral part of Data Mining, and in the more general case of Data Science, a huge number of approaches have been proposed for its solution, which differ from each other both in a priori assumptions regarding the physical nature of the data and the problem, and in the mathematical apparatus. From a computational point of view, the clustering problem turns into a problem of finding local extrema of a multiextremal function of the vector density argument using gradient procedures that are repeatedly launched from

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Петросов, Д. А., Н. Ю. Сурова, and А. В. Поляков. "Application rules for destructive ability of genetic algorithm operators in the problem of structural and parametric synthesis of business process simulation models." МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ, ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ И ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ 11, no. 4(43) (2023): 13–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.26102/2310-6018/2023.43.4.013.

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В исследовании предложены правила применения разрушающей способности операторов генетического алгоритма в задаче структурно-параметрического синтеза имитационных моделей бизнес-процессов. Работа направлена на подтверждение выдвинутой гипотезы, согласно которой на процесс работы генетического алгоритма возможно оказывать воздействие путем изменения параметров функционирования его операторов, что позволяет повысить сходимость данной эволюционной процедуры и способствует выходу интеллектуального алгоритма из «узких» мест. Под «узким» местом генетического алгоритма понимаются: затухание алгоритма,

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Bodyanskiy, Ye V., I. P. Pliss, and A. Yu Shafronenko. "FAST FUZZY CREDIBILISTIC CLUSTERING BASED ON DENSITY PEAKS DISTRIBUTION OF DATA BROAKYSIS." Radio Electronics, Computer Science, Control, no. 1 (April 7, 2022): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15588/1607-3274-2022-1-9.

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Context. The problem of clustering (classification without a teacher) is often occures when processing data arrays of various natures, which is quite an interesting and integral part of artificial intelligence. To solve this problem, there are many known methods and algorithms based on the principles of the distribution density of observations in the analyzed data. However, these methods are rather complicated in software implementation and are not without drawbacks, namely: the problem of determining significant clusters in datasets of different densities, multiepoch self-learning, getting st

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Jswd, Jswd, Imran Ahmed Sajid, and Azhar-ud Din. "A Host Perspective on Positive Impacts of Tourism on Local Community of Kalash Valley, Chitral, Pakistan." JOURNAL OF SOCIAL WORK AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 1, no. 1 (2022): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.52587/jswsd.v1i1.2.

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Tourism is one of the emerging and important industries of the world. Pakistan has got a wide potential for the development of tourism, especially in its northern areas. Kalash valley in district Chitral is one of the favorite tourist resorts, located in the extreme north of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Tourism in any area brings with it numerous changes including geographical, cultural, economic, and social changes. Such changes have both positive and negative impacts on the local community. This research aims at finding out the positive impacts of tourism on residents of Kalash valley. A survey was c

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Markovich, Natalia, and Marijus Vaičiulis. "Extreme Value Statistics for Evolving Random Networks." Mathematics 11, no. 9 (2023): 2171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11092171.

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Our objective is to survey recent results concerning the evolution of random networks and related extreme value statistics, which are a subject of interest due to numerous applications. Our survey concerns the statistical methodology but not the structure of random networks. We focus on the problems arising in evolving networks mainly due to the heavy-tailed nature of node indices. Tail and extremal indices of the node influence characteristics like in-degrees, out-degrees, PageRanks, and Max-linear models arising in the evolving random networks are discussed. Related topics like preferential

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Zaki, Muhamad Khoiru, Keigo Noda, Kengo Ito, Komariah Komariah, Sumani Sumani, and Masateru Senge. "Adaptation to Extreme Hydrological Events by Javanese Society through Local Knowledge." Sustainability 12, no. 24 (2020): 10373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410373.

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Understanding the effects of local knowledge on actions and decisions taken during a crisis is important; empirical studies and scientific data can be instructive to this end. This study integrated local knowledge (Pranata Mangsa) in Jawa, Indonesia, with scientific data on diurnal rainfall, extreme precipitation events, using the Local and Indigenous Knowledge System (LINKS). The results showed that Pranata Mangsa has informed aspects of agriculture including crop calendars, crop patterns, and farming activities, for over 1000 years in Jawa. Pranata Mangsa also enhances community resilience b

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M. Syvertsen, Carsten. "Can economic growth be achieved in top management consulting using principles from the business federation? Findings from a Norwegian longitudinal study from 1984 until 1998." Problems and Perspectives in Management 14, no. 3 (2016): 144–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.14(3-1).2016.01.

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The purpose of this article is to illustrate how management consulting firms can achieve economic growth through operating locally within an international network using the business federation as a new organizational form. Within the business federation, a local office gains access to resources through an extreme form of delegation where top management does not delegate to local offices, but rather gives local offices the permission to deal with tasks, because it is most efficient. The auhor uses top management consulting firms operating in Norway as the empirical setting operationalizing the

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Link, Hildegaard, and Chris Barrett. "Adaptation to Future Risks in Coastal Megacities — New York City Case Study: Local Assessment and Survey Findings in Water Front Neighborhoods." Journal of Extreme Events 05, no. 01 (2018): 1850002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2345737618500021.

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Risk management regimes develop as stakeholders attempt to reduce vulnerability to hazards and limit the damage and disruption from disasters. Urban coastal regions are often hotspots of climate change-related risks. Analysis of different characteristics of vulnerability, resilience, and transformation is an important precursor to planning and decision making. While these concepts are not new, in many areas they remain very abstract. This paper offers a method to assess vulnerability at the individual household scale in different New York City water front neighborhoods that were extensively da

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Daniel Adolf Ohyver, Risman Jaya, Sudarmi, Ismail, and Andi Naila Quin Azisah Alisyahbana. "Natural Potential and Local Resources of Tourism Villages in Extreme Poverty Alleviation." Journal of Economic Education and Entrepreneurship Studies 5, no. 3 (2024): 543–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.62794/je3s.v5i3.4409.

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This study aims to explore the natural and local resources that can be utilized as economic assets to alleviate extreme poverty in Kolaka Regency. A qualitative research approach was employed, gathering data through interviews with beach managers, field observations, and documentation. The findings indicate that the area's natural beauty, marine resources, and rich cultural traditions play a critical role in attracting tourists and serving as sustainable economic drivers. These resources not only enhance tourism but also provide opportunities for local communities to develop businesses and imp

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Le Heron, Erena. "Kia whakakorowai i a papatūānuku: An indigenous conceptualisation of extreme weather events." MAI Journal: A New Zealand Journal of Indigenous Scholarship 14, no. 1 (2025): 16–29. https://doi.org/10.20507/maijournal.2025.14.1.2.

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The article adopts a novel pūkenga-based approach to develop a narrative of extreme weather events informed by Indigenous knowledge. Three key findings, identified from co-learning amongst Indigenous researchers and pūkenga, are seen as required to formally (re)generate knowledges-in-place. First, an understanding of causal factors reveals the collapse of local knowledge narratives and the need to renew these. Second, te ao Māori (TAM) framings progressively assembled from narratives by pūkenga centred on environment, community and wellbeing generate authentic, alternative, coherent and verifi

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Du, Hong, Jun Xia, Yi Yan, Yumeng Lu, and Jinhua Li. "Spatiotemporal Variations of Extreme Precipitation in Wuling Mountain Area (China) and Their Connection to Potential Driving Factors." Sustainability 14, no. 14 (2022): 8312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14148312.

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Changes in extreme precipitation have become a significant issue of regional disaster risk assessment and water resources management. Extreme precipitation variability is affected by multiple factors and shows disparities across different regions. Especially in mountain areas, geographic feature and local characteristics put more complexity and uncertainty on the changes of precipitation extremes. In this study, ten extreme precipitation indices of Wuling Mountain Area (WMA) during 1960–2019 have been used to analyzed the spatiotemporal variations of precipitation extremes. The relationships b

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Kimani, James. "EFFECT OF ADAPTATION PRACTICES TO CLIMATE CHANGE ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION BY FARMING HOUSEHOLD. A CRITICAL LITERATURE REVIEW." International Journal of Climatic Studies 1, no. 1 (2021): 54–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/ijcs.1195.

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Purpose: Climate change can disrupt food availability, reduce access to food, and affect food quality. Projected increases in temperatures, changes in precipitation patterns, changes in extreme weather events, and reductions in water availability may all result in reduced agricultural productivity. Increases in the frequency and severity extreme weather events can also interrupt food delivery, and resulting spikes in food prices after extreme events are expected to be more frequent in the future. Increasing temperatures can contribute to spoilage and contamination. The general objective of the

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Cutts, David, and Matthew J. Goodwin. "Getting out the right-wing extremist vote: extreme right party support and campaign effects at a recent British general election." European Political Science Review 6, no. 1 (2013): 93–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755773912000288.

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Despite strong evidence in the wider study of electoral behaviour that party campaigning can have important effects on performance, and a large pan-European literature on populist radical right and extreme right campaigns, we know very little about the impact of the latter on electoral performance. Drawing on a range of innovative campaign-related data at the aggregate and individual level, we examine the electoral impact of the British National Party (BNP) at the 2010 British general election. Our analysis reveals that whereas the extreme right polled strongest in working class manufacturing

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Pasquato, Mario, Piero Trevisan, Abbas Askar, et al. "Interpretable Machine Learning for Finding Intermediate-mass Black Holes." Astrophysical Journal 965, no. 1 (2024): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad2261.

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Abstract Definitive evidence that globular clusters (GCs) host intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) is elusive. Machine-learning (ML) models trained on GC simulations can in principle predict IMBH host candidates based on observable features. This approach has two limitations: first, an accurate ML model is expected to be a black box due to complexity; second, despite our efforts to simulate GCs realistically, the simulation physics or initial conditions may fail to reflect reality fully. Therefore our training data may be biased, leading to a failure in generalization to observational data.

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Lamim Filho, Paulo Cezar Monteiro, Fabiano Bianchini Batista, Robson Pederiva, and Vinicius Augusto Diniz Silva. "Electrical fault diagnosis in induction motors using local extremes analysis." Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering 22, no. 3 (2016): 321–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jqme-07-2015-0026.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to introduce an algorithm based only on local extreme analysis of a time sequence to further the detection and diagnosis of inter-turn short circuits and unbalanced voltage supply using vibration signals. Design/methodology/approach – The upper and lower extreme envelopes from a modulated and oscillatory time sequence present a particular characteristic being of, theoretically, symmetrical versions with regard to amplitude reflection around the time axis. Thus, one may say that they carry the same characteristics in terms of waveforms and, consequently, f

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Tournois, Laurent, and Damien Forterre. "The extremes of franchising in a post-communist country." Journal of Business Strategy 41, no. 3 (2019): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbs-01-2019-0022.

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Purpose Franchising has become an increasingly popular overseas expansion strategy for companies in various industries. A successful development in a transition economy such as Serbia has been exclusively associated with McDonald’s, which raises concerns about the ability of other international franchises to penetrate the Serbian market. The purpose of this paper is to explore the customer-based constraints that may hamper the spread of franchising in a post-communist country. Specifically, factors such as country-of-origin (COO) effects, longevity and brand localness/globalness that may affec

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Erskine, Olivia M., Alexa J. Lamm, Catherine E. Sanders, and Kevan W. Lamm. "Exploring Community Garden Coordinators’ Perceptions of Climate-Smart Adaptations to Support Local Food Systems." Horticulturae 10, no. 6 (2024): 601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10060601.

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Extreme weather events, increased intensity of droughts and floods, and changes to growing seasons are results of climate change that impact horticulture, agriculture, and food systems. In the United States, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina experience similar impacts caused by climate change such as rising sea levels and extreme heat. In these states, community gardens can be a source of local, fresh foods, especially in areas experiencing food insecurity. The goals of this study were to identify garden coordinators’ perceptions of the need for climate change adaptation, perceptions

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IMRE, SÁNDOR. "EXTREME VALUE SEARCHING IN UNSORTED DATABASES BASED ON QUANTUM COMPUTING." International Journal of Quantum Information 03, no. 01 (2005): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749905000700.

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Finding the extreme value of a database or a function plays an important role in computing and communication applications. Unfortunately, classical solutions suffer from computational complexity if the database is unsorted or, equivalently, the function has many local minimum/maximum points. Proposed quantum computing based solutions can guarantee success only in terms of the expected value of the database queries. In this paper we introduce a new technique exploiting the parallel processing capabilities of quantum computing in a different way. We derive quantum existence testing which allows

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Ryglicki, David R., and Robert E. Hart. "An Investigation of Center-Finding Techniques for Tropical Cyclones in Mesoscale Models." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 54, no. 4 (2015): 825–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-14-0106.1.

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AbstractA variety of tropical-cyclone (TC) center-finding methods aggregated from previous works of mesoscale modeling and operational analysis are compared. The previous methods used can be divided into three classes: local extreme, weighted grid point, and minimization of azimuthal variance. To analyze these methods, four representative separate TC forecasts from three operational models—the Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System Tropical Cyclone version, a Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory model, and the Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting Model—are examined. It is

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Dendir, Zelalem, and Belay Simane Birhanu. "Analysis of Observed Trends in Daily Temperature and Precipitation Extremes in Different Agroecologies of Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia." Advances in Meteorology 2022 (July 7, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4745123.

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Ethiopian climate-sensitive economy is particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate-related extreme events. Thus, examining extreme daily precipitation and temperature in the context of climate change is a critical factor in advocating climate change adaptation at the local scales. Spatial changes of climate indices for extreme precipitation and temperatures were conducted for the period 1986–2016 in three different agroecologies of the Gurage zone, Southern Ethiopia. The study used the Mann–Kendall (MK) test and Sen’s slope estimator to estimate the trend and magnitude of changes in prec

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Tong, Runze, Wenchao Sun, Quan Han, Jingshan Yu, and Zaifeng Tian. "Spatial and Temporal Variations in Extreme Precipitation and Temperature Events in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region of China over the Past Six Decades." Sustainability 12, no. 4 (2020): 1415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12041415.

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Extreme weather events can cause a lot of damage in highly populated regions, such as in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region (BTHR) in northern China. To understand where and how extreme precipitation and temperature events are changing within the BTHR, data for 1959–2018 from 25 mereological stations were used to detect trends in the intensity, frequency, and duration of these events. The results showed that intensity, accumulated amount, the duration of extreme precipitation events, and the annual number of days with precipitation greater than 50 mm decreased on a regional scale over this 60-ye

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Martin-Trujillo, Alejandro, Nihir Patel, Felix Richter, et al. "Rare genetic variation at transcription factor binding sites modulates local DNA methylation profiles." PLOS Genetics 16, no. 11 (2020): e1009189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1009189.

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Although DNA methylation is the best characterized epigenetic mark, the mechanism by which it is targeted to specific regions in the genome remains unclear. Recent studies have revealed that local DNA methylation profiles might be dictated by cis-regulatory DNA sequences that mainly operate via DNA-binding factors. Consistent with this finding, we have recently shown that disruption of CTCF-binding sites by rare single nucleotide variants (SNVs) can underlie cis-linked DNA methylation changes in patients with congenital anomalies. These data raise the hypothesis that rare genetic variation at

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Buchmann, Moritz, Michael Begert, Stefan Brönnimann, and Christoph Marty. "Local-scale variability of seasonal mean and extreme values of in situ snow depth and snowfall measurements." Cryosphere 15, no. 10 (2021): 4625–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-4625-2021.

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Abstract. Daily measurements of snow depth and snowfall can vary strongly over short distances. However, it is not clear if there is a seasonal dependence in these variations and how they impact common snow climate indicators based on mean values, as well as estimated return levels of extreme events based on maximum values. To analyse the impacts of local-scale variations we compiled a unique set of parallel snow measurements from the Swiss Alps consisting of 30 station pairs with up to 77 years of parallel data. Station pairs are usually located in the same villages (or within 3 km horizontal

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Hatton, Chris. "Deprivation of liberty applications concerning people with learning disabilities in England: trends over time and geographical variation." Tizard Learning Disability Review 22, no. 3 (2017): 177–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tldr-04-2017-0016.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse trends over time and geographical variation in Deprivation of Liberty Safeguards (DoLS) applications for adults with learning disabilities. Design/methodology/approach Secondary analysis of national- and local authority-level statistics collected and reported by NHS Digital. Findings There has been a sharp national increase in the number of completed and granted DoLS applications regarding adults with learning disabilities since the 2014 “Cheshire West” Supreme Court judgement, with a greater proportion of completed DoLS applications being grante

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Birkmann, Joern, Julius I. Agboola, Torsten Welle, et al. "Vulnerability, Resilience and Transformation of Urban Areas in the Coastal Megacity Lagos: Findings of Local Assessments and a Household Survey in Highly Exposed Areas." Journal of Extreme Events 03, no. 03 (2016): 1650019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2345737616500196.

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Coastal urban regions in low-lying areas in developing countries are often hotspots of climate change related risks and therefore the analysis of different characteristics of vulnerability, resilience and transformation is an important prerequisite for planning and decision making. Even though the concepts of resilience and transformation have been discussed for some time, they often remain still very abstract. Against this background the following paper aims to illustrate how different characteristics of vulnerability: susceptibility, exposure and adaptation from resilience to transformative

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Rabia, Hamdallah. "The Involvement of the Hamula (Clan) in Local Educational Affairs from the Perspective of Arab Local Authorities in Israel." social-issues in israel 30, no. 1 (2021): 65–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.26351/siii/30-1/3.

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Hamdallah Rabia This study deals with hamula (clan) involvement in the local education system as perceived by Arab heads of local authorities. How do they assess its implications for the dynamics and quality of education in the locality, and how do they view this issue? For the purpose of the study, a qualitative method was used, based on a semi-structured interview consisting of 12 in-depth questions that enabled interviews to flow into conversation and allowed interviewees to express wide-ranging opinions. Four heads of local authorities were interviewed; they have all since left office and

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Trussler, James A. A., Nathan J. Adams, Christopher J. Conselice, et al. "Seeing sharper and deeper: JWST’s first glimpse of the photometric and spectroscopic properties of galaxies in the epoch of reionization." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 523, no. 3 (2023): 3423–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad1629.

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ABSTRACT We analyse the photometric and spectroscopic properties of four galaxies in the epoch of reionization (EoR) within the SMACS J0723.3−7327 JWST Early Release Observations field. Given the known spectroscopic redshifts of these sources, we investigated the accuracy with which photometric redshifts can be derived using NIRCam photometry alone, finding that F115W imaging is essential to distinguish between z ∼ 8 galaxies with high equivalent width (EW) [O iii] λ5007 emission and z ∼ 10 Balmer break galaxies. We find that all four sources exhibit strong (≥0.6 mag) F356W−F444W colours, whic

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O'Dwyer, James E., and Nicholas P. Murphy. "Long term environmental stability drives reduced stress tolerance in salt lake invertebrates." Rethinking Ecology 6 (February 26, 2021): 49–64. https://doi.org/10.3897/rethinkingecology.6.58899.

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The capacity of species to tolerate physical stressors is critical in a world of increasing environmental instability, however, past selective environments should dramatically impact on future stress tolerance, particularly in isolated populations. Through stabilising selection, long-term environmental stasis may reduce physiological tolerance, creating an evolutionary legacy where populations are less fit if environments change. Few empirical studies have investigated this evolutionary legacy of past selection, and of particular interest whether stabilising selection in a benign environment r

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Curtis, Sarah, Katie Oven, Jonathan Wistow, Christine Dunn, and Lena Dominelli. "Adaptation to extreme weather events in complex health and social care systems: The example of older people’s services in England." Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space 36, no. 1 (2017): 67–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2399654417695101.

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Our findings contribute to a growing international literature on how conceptual models from complexity theory may be relevant to inform planning in health and social care systems, helping to adapt and improve preparedness and resilience to extreme weather events. We focus on findings from two case studies in England and their relationship to national policy for adaptation. Complexity theory helped to frame strategies for planning for events that are emergent and unpredictable. We find from our case studies that, in spite of the uncertainty involved, some ‘principles’ derived from parts of the

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Dedyukhin, S. V., and V. V. Titova. "FINDING OF THE BARK BEETLE POLYGRAPHUS PROXIMUS BLANDFORD, 1894 (COLEOPTERA, CURCULIONIDAE: SCOLYTINAE) IN UDMURTIA." Russian Journal of Biological Invasions 14, no. 2 (2021): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.35885/1996-1499-2021-14-2-32-39.

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The data on the first finds in the Udmurt Republic (and the East of European Russia as a whole) of a dangerous invasive species of bark beetle of the Far Eastern origin - Polygraphus proximus Blandford, 1894, are presented. The species was discovered in 2019 simultaneously in four districts (Zavyalovsky, Malopurginsky, Kiyasovsky and Sarapulsky) of the central and southern parts of the republic. The established areas damaged by the Polygraphus proximus of forest stands are located both near railway tracks and highways, and in the depths of natural forests in which Siberian fir grows ( Abies si

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