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Journal articles on the topic 'Fine particulate matter'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Sakamoto, Kazuhiko. "Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5)." JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL 67, no. 12 (2013): 1377–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.67.1377.

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2

Showstack, Randy. "Fine-tuning particulate matter research." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 85, no. 16 (2004): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/eo085i016p00158-05.

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3

Eftim, Sorina E., Jonathan M. Samet, Holly Janes, Aidan McDermott, and Francesca Dominici. "Fine Particulate Matter and Mortality." Epidemiology 19, no. 2 (2008): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ede.0b013e3181632c09.

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4

Fang, Guor-Cheng, Yuh-Shen Wu, Wen-Jhy Lee, Te-Yen Chou, and I.-Chen Lin. "Seasonal variation in concentration and metallic constituents of atmospheric particulates near the western coast of central Taiwan." Toxicology and Industrial Health 22, no. 5 (2006): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0748233706th262oa.

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In addition to determining the concentration and metallic constituents of particulate matter at Taichung Harbor in central Taiwan, this study attempts to characterize the mass, metallic elements, composition and concentrations of total suspended particulates (TSP), fine particles and coarse particles. Statistical approaches, such as the Spearman tests, were also adopted to determine the seasonal variations of concentrations of these pollutants. Experimental results indicate that the mean TSP, fine particulate and coarse particulate concentrations in spring and winter are higher than in summer

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5

Park, Hyungyu, Seonghyun Park, and Janghoo Seo. "Evaluation on Air Purifier’s Performance in Reducing the Concentration of Fine Particulate Matter for Occupants according to its Operation Methods." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 15 (2020): 5561. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155561.

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Fine particulate matter entering the body through breathing cause serious damage to humans. In South Korea, filter-type air purifiers are used to eliminate indoor fine particulate matter, and there has been a broad range of studies on the spread of fine particulate matter and air purifiers. However, earlier studies have not evaluated an operating method of air purifiers considering the inflow of fine particulate matter into the body or reduction performance of the concentration of fine particulate matter. There is a limit to controlling the concentration of fine particulate matter of the overa

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6

Pope, C. Arden, Aaron J. Cohen, and Richard T. Burnett. "Cardiovascular Disease and Fine Particulate Matter." Circulation Research 122, no. 12 (2018): 1645–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circresaha.118.312956.

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7

Zhang, Renyi, Gehui Wang, Song Guo, et al. "Formation of Urban Fine Particulate Matter." Chemical Reviews 115, no. 10 (2015): 3803–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00067.

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8

Neas, Lucas M. "Fine particulate matter and cardiovascular disease." Fuel Processing Technology 65-66 (June 2000): 55–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-3820(99)00076-4.

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9

Moolgavkar, Suresh H. "Fine Particulate Matter Pollution and Mortality." Risk Analysis 36, no. 9 (2016): 1766–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/risa.12675.

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10

Wu, Yuh-Shen, Guor-Cheng Fang, Jum-Bo Lin, Jhih-Guang Lin, Shih-Han Huang, and Jui-Yeh Rau. "Atmospheric pollutants study of particles and metallic elements during high wind speed (wind speed >6 m/s) near Taiwan Strait around central Taiwan." Toxicology and Industrial Health 22, no. 1 (2006): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0748233706th239oa.

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The purpose of this study was to characterize metallic elements associated with atmospheric particulate matter in total suspended particulate (TSP), fine particles (particle matter with an aerodynamic diameter of B / 2.5 mm, PM2.5) and coarse particles (particle matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5-10 mm, PM2.5- 10), at high wind speed (wind speed-6 m/s) at Taichung Harbor (TH) and Wuci traffic (WT) in central Taiwan from March to December 2004. The correlation coefficient (R2) between TSP, coarse, fine particulate concentrations versus wind speed at the TH and WT sampling site during hi

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11

Zheng, Mei, Caiqing Yan, and Tong Zhu. "Understanding sources of fine particulate matter in China." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 378, no. 2183 (2020): 20190325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2019.0325.

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Fine particulate matter has been a major concern in China as it is closely linked to issues such as haze, health and climate impacts. Since China released its new national air quality standard for fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) in 2012, great efforts have been put into reducing its concentration and meeting the standard. Significant improvement has been seen in recent years, especially in Beijing, the capital city of China. This paper reviews how China understands its sources of fine particulate matter, the major contributor to haze, and the most recent findings by researchers. It covers th

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12

Prasannavenkatesh, Ramachandran, Ramachandran Andimuthu, Palanivelu Kandasamy, et al. "Assessment of Population Exposure to Coarse and Fine Particulate Matter in the Urban Areas of Chennai, India." Scientific World Journal 2015 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/643714.

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Research outcomes from the epidemiological studies have found that the course (PM10) and the fine particulate matter (PM2.5) are mainly responsible for various respiratory health effects for humans. The population-weighted exposure assessment is used as a vital decision-making tool to analyze the vulnerable areas where the population is exposed to critical concentrations of pollutants. Systemic sampling was carried out at strategic locations of Chennai to estimate the various concentration levels of particulate pollution during November 2013–January 2014. The concentration of the pollutants wa

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13

Bhupendra, Swarup Sharma, and Tomar Astha. "A Systematic Review on Long Term Variation of Carbonaceous Aerosols in Pm2.5 at Different Sites of "Delhi" Capital City of India." International Journal of Current Science Research and Review 05, no. 11 (2022): 4124–39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7294398.

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<strong>ABSTRACT:</strong> Being a criteria pollutant Fine Particulate Matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) exposure  not only affects human health but also deteriorates environmental health, air quality and artifacts. Traffic, biomass burning and industrial activities are important contributors to ambient fine particulate matter in major cities of the world. Therefore, to reduce fine particulate matter pollution and the considerable disease burden it causes solutions to bring down ambient fine particulate matter are needed. Carbonaceous aerosols are found to be a significant contributor to fine par

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14

Jung, Hojin. "The Impact of Ambient Fine Particulate Matter on Consumer Expenditures." Sustainability 12, no. 5 (2020): 1855. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12051855.

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Airborne particulate matter suspended from industrial facilities, power plants, and automobiles is detrimental to health. Growing concerns about the increasing level of airborne particulate matter have led many industrialized nations to advocate for the transformation of the energy market and investment in sustainable energy products. At the other end, consumers have made individual adjustments and attempted to reduce the exposure to the particulate matter. In this paper, we focus on the effect of ambient air pollution on consumer expenditures based on scanner panel data on consumers’ debit an

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15

Zhou, Yu-feng, Weizheng Han, Nan Zhang, et al. "Research on the Physicochemical Properties of Fine Particulate Matter in Changchun, Northeast China." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2224, no. 1 (2022): 012073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2224/1/012073.

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Abstract Objective: Air particulate matter concentrations in Changchun City, Jilin Province, may change around the autumn heating day. The aim of this study was to provide data references for environmental protection, detection and regulation in Changchun. Methods: Atmospheric particulate matter samples were collected using an airborne particulate matter sampler on the roof top of the Civil Engineering Teaching Hall on the campus of Jilin University of Construction; free settling dust of Atmospheric particulate matter was collected using metal trays. Atmospheric particulate matter concentratio

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16

Cox, Louis Anthony (Tony). "Hormesis for Fine Particulate Matter (PM 2.5)." Dose-Response 10, no. 2 (2011): dose—response.1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2203/dose-response.11-040.cox.

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17

Kim, Eun-A. "Particulate Matter (Fine Particle) and Urologic Diseases." International Neurourology Journal 21, no. 3 (2017): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5213/inj.1734954.477.

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18

Chuang*, Hsiao-Chi, Kang-Yun Lee, Kai-Jen Chuang, Jun-Ji Cao, Linwei Tian, and Kin-Fai Ho. "Protein Oxidation by Fine Haze Particulate Matter." ISEE Conference Abstracts 2014, no. 1 (2014): 1707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/isee.2014.p3-687.

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19

Sahu, Sujit K., Alan E. Gelfand, and David M. Holland. "Spatio-temporal modeling of fine particulate matter." Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics 11, no. 1 (2006): 61–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/108571106x95746.

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20

Anthony, Kenneth R. N. "Coral suspension feeding on fine particulate matter." Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 232, no. 1 (1999): 85–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-0981(98)00099-9.

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21

Erickson, Britt E. "Technology Solutions: Characterizing fine, airborne particulate matter." Environmental Science & Technology 35, no. 5 (2001): 106A—107A. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es012301u.

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22

Kuldeep, Kuldeep, Sohil Sisodiya, and Anil Mathur. "Environmental Risk Assessment Ascribed to Particulate Matter for Kota City, Rajasthan (India)." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (2022): 543–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.0543ecst.

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The present study analyses the current PM10 and PM2.5 pollution scenarios for Kota City (India) to evaluate human health and ecological environment risks associated with particulate matter pollution exposure. Particulate matter concentration revealed a falling trend during the research period, but PM10 and PM2.5 exceeded the Indian NAAQS and WHO standards. The dust ratio (PM10/PM2.5) has been increased over the years from 0.36 to 0.51. and continue to overgrow for Kota City, showing that fine particulates share more than 45% of total particulate matter. Kota exhibits a high exposure of populat

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23

Liu, Liyang, Hui Liu, and Yiming Ma. "Surrogate-Assisted Fine Particulate Matter Exposure Assessment in an Underground Subway Station." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 4 (2022): 2295. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042295.

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With the increase in subway travelers, the air quality of underground enclosed spaces at subway stations has attracted much more attention. The study of pollutants exposure assessment, especially fine particulate matter, is important in both pollutant control and metro station design. In this paper, combining pedestrian flow analysis (PFA) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, a novel surrogate-assisted particulate matter exposure assessment method is proposed, in which PFA is used to analyze the spatial-temporal movement characteristics of pedestrians to simultaneously consider

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24

Sombo, T., A. A. Agbendeh, and J. O. Tsor. "Fine Particulate Matter Distribution in Makurdi and Otukpo Metropolis, Benue State - Nigeria." NIGERIAN ANNALS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES 6 (December 28, 2015): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.46912/napas.19.

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The suspended fine particulate matter concentrations in Makurdi and Otukpo Metropolis were measured using Haz-Dust Sampler (AMS 95015). The measurements were carried out at major observed emission sources such as residential and traffic related sources. On the average, traffic- related sources recorded the highest concentration of suspended fine particulate matter in both metropolis with the highest concentration in Otukpo metropolis (594 : g/m ). Generally the measured values from all the sources are above World Health Organization (WHO) standards and National Air Quality Standard (150-230 :

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25

Fatkhutdinova, L. M., E. A. Tafeeva, G. A. Timerbulatova, and R. R. Zalyalov. "Health risks of air pollution with fine particulate matter." Kazan medical journal 102, no. 6 (2021): 862–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj2021-862.

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The review presents up-to-date information on the health effects of ambient fine particulate matter, obtained in large cohort epidemiological studies, as well as in meta-analysis of pooled data. In addition, it summarizes the current data on the potential pathological mechanisms and existing monitoring systems. The literature search used the Scopus, PubMed, Russian Science Citation Index databases for 19902020. The results of epidemiological studies carried out in different countries indicate that fine particles in ambient air pose a serious threat to health. Scientific publications assessing

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26

Toro Araya, Richard, Robert Flocchini, Rául G. E. Morales Segura, and Manuel A. Leiva Guzmán. "Carbonaceous Aerosols in Fine Particulate Matter of Santiago Metropolitan Area, Chile." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/794590.

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Measurements of carbonaceous aerosols in South American cities are limited, and most existing data are of short term and limited to only a few locations. For 6 years (2002–2007), concentrations of fine particulate matter and organic and elemental carbon were measured continuously in the capital of Chile. The contribution of carbonaceous aerosols to the primary and secondary fractions was estimated at three different sampling sites and in the warm and cool seasons. The results demonstrate that there are significant differences in the levels in both the cold (March to August) and warm (September

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27

Kim, Taekyung, and Shiyong Yoo. "Air Pollution, Stock Return, and Volatility: Evidence from Korean Stock Markets." Korean Journal of Financial Studies 49, no. 3 (2020): 375–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.26845/kjfs.2020.06.49.3.375.

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This study analyzes the direct and indirect effects of air pollution on the return and volatility of the KOSPI index through the trading ratio by investor type. The main results are as follows. First, air pollutants have a direct effect on volatility; coarse particulate matter (PM10) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) have a negative effect on volatility. Second, air pollutants have a significant effect on the trading ratio by investor type; as the concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) increases, the trading ratio of institutionals and those of foreigners decrease. Third, the effec

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28

Begum, Bilkis A., Philip K. Hopke, and Andreas Markwitz. "Air pollution by fine particulate matter in Bangladesh." Atmospheric Pollution Research 4, no. 1 (2013): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5094/apr.2013.008.

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29

Simpson, Christopher D., Russell L. Dills, Bethany S. Katz, and David A. Kalman. "Determination of Levoglucosan in Atmospheric Fine Particulate Matter." Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 54, no. 6 (2004): 689–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10473289.2004.10470945.

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30

Cooper, Nathan, Donna Green, Yuming Guo, and Sotiris Vardoulakis. "School children’s exposure to indoor fine particulate matter." Environmental Research Letters 15, no. 11 (2020): 115003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abbafe.

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31

Manning, Max I., Randall V. Martin, Christa Hasenkopf, Joe Flasher, and Chi Li. "Diurnal Patterns in Global Fine Particulate Matter Concentration." Environmental Science & Technology Letters 5, no. 11 (2018): 687–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.8b00573.

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32

Guan, Tianjia, Maosheng Yao, Junxia Wang, et al. "Airborne endotoxin in fine particulate matter in Beijing." Atmospheric Environment 97 (November 2014): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.08.005.

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33

Qiu, Hong, Shengzhi Sun, Hilda Tsang, et al. "Fine particulate matter exposure and incidence of stroke." Neurology 88, no. 18 (2017): 1709–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000003903.

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Objective:We aimed to assess the association of long-term residential exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) with the incidence of stroke and its major subtypes.Methods:We ascertained the first occurrence of emergency hospital admission for stroke in a Hong Kong Chinese cohort of 66,820 older people (65+ years) who enrolled during 1998–2001 (baseline) and were followed up to December 31, 2010. High-resolution (1 × 1 km) yearly mean concentrations of PM2.5 were predicted from local monitoring data and US National Aeronautics and Space Adminis

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34

YANG, Xin, and YuanLong HUANG. "Influence of fine particulate matter on atmospheric visibility." Chinese Science Bulletin 58, no. 13 (2013): 1165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/972013-200.

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35

Levy, Jonathan I. "Fine Particulate Matter, Risk Assessment, and Risk Management." Risk Analysis 36, no. 9 (2016): 1745–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/risa.12673.

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36

Tavera Busso, Iván, Ana Carolina Mateos, Alicia González Peroni, Natalia Soledad Graziani, and Hebe Alejandra Carreras. "Hepatic alterations associated with fine particulate matter exposure." Toxicological Research 36, no. 2 (2019): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43188-019-00014-4.

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37

Vandenberg, John. "Scientific Research for Ozone and Fine Particulate Matter." Pace Environmental Law Review 16, no. 1 (1998): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.58948/0738-6206.1310.

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38

Cheryl Hogue. "US proposes tighter limits on fine particulate matter." C&EN Global Enterprise 101, no. 2 (2023): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-10102-polcon1.

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39

Pang, W., G. Christakos, and J.-F. Wang. "Comparative spatiotemporal analysis of fine particulate matter pollution." Environmetrics 21, no. 3-4 (2009): 305–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/env.1007.

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40

Park, Sun Kyoung. "Seasonal Variations of Fine Particulate Matter and Mortality Rate in Seoul, Korea with a Focus on the Short-Term Impact of Meteorological Extremes on Human Health." Atmosphere 12, no. 2 (2021): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12020151.

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Rapid industrialization of Korea’s economy has brought with it environmental pollution that threatens human health. Among various other pollutants, ambient fine particulate matter known to endanger human health often exceeds air quality standards in Seoul, South Korea’s capital. The goal of this research is to find the impact of meteorological extremes and particle levels on human health. The analysis was conducted using hourly air pollutant concentrations, meteorological variables, and the daily mortality from cerebrovascular disease. Results show that the effect of fine particulate matter on

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41

Baitimirova, Margarita, Agnese Osite, Juris Katkevich, and Arturs Viksna. "Electrochemical Characteristics of Particulate Matter." Scientific Journal of Riga Technical University. Environmental and Climate Technologies 7, no. -1 (2011): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10145-011-0023-1.

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Electrochemical Characteristics of Particulate Matter The current work is dedicated to electrochemical impedance spectra analysis of the fine and coarse airborne particulate matter sampled on the glass fibre filters in Riga city air. The cyclic voltammograms, impedance spectra and double layer capacitance spectra of particulate matter were obtained after the pre-treatment of samples. The equivalent circuit method and the statistical method were used for impedance spectra analysis. Analyzing the impedance spectra, it was concluded that the impedance of both - fine and coarse particles heated in

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42

Hansen-Lewis, Jamie, and Michelle Marcus. "Uncharted Waters: Effects of Maritime Emission Regulation." American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 17, no. 1 (2025): 37–69. https://doi.org/10.1257/pol.20220626.

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Maritime shipping emits as much fine particulate matter as half of global road traffic. We are the first to measure the consequences of US maritime emissions standards on air quality, human health, racial exposure disparities, and behavior. The introduction of US maritime emissions control areas significantly decreased fine particulate matter, low birth weight, and infant mortality. Yet, only about half of the forecasted fine particulate matter abatement was achieved by the policy. We show evidence consistent with behavioral responses among ship operators, other polluters, and individuals that

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43

Mi, Hanwen. "Effects of different plant communities on fine particulate matter concentrations in green areas around Quancheng Road, Jinan." Technium EcoGeoMarine 1, no. 2 (2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/eco.v1i2.7518.

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To study the effect of different plant communities on fine particulate matter PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations in green areas attached to urban roads is an important basis for improving the air pollution control function of urban green areas and optimizing the configuration of green areas, and it can provide an optimal solution for plant configuration selection. In this paper, the intersection of Quancheng Road and the front street of the provincial government in the Lixia District of Jinan City was selected as the research object, which has certain research value because of its important politic

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44

Lee, Jae-Eun, Hyun Joung Lim, and Young-Youl Kim. "Publication trends in research on particulate matter and health impact over a 10-year period: 2009–2018." Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology 36, no. 1 (2021): e2021005. http://dx.doi.org/10.5620/eaht.2021005.

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Exposure to ambient particulate matter is a major health risk factor for numerous diseases, including those of the cardiovascular and respiratory varieties. The aim of this study was to estimate the latest global research activities regarding particulate matter and health impact. We performed a bibliometric analysis of this field’s scientific publication trends over a decade (2009–2018). Publications were retrieved from the Scopus and Web of Science databases using the search terms “particulate matter,” “fine particulate matter,” “health impact,” and their synonyms. The literature on health im

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45

Turner, Jay R., and David T. Allen. "Transport of Atmospheric Fine Particulate Matter: Part 2—Findings from Recent Field Programs on the Intraurban Variability in Fine Particulate Matter." Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 58, no. 2 (2008): 196–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3155/1047-3289.58.2.196.

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46

Saleh, Wafa Mustafa, Mardiana Idayu Ahmad, Esam Bashir Yahya, and Abdul Khalil H.P.S. "Nanostructured Bioaerogels as a Potential Solution for Particulate Matter Pollution." Gels 9, no. 7 (2023): 575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9070575.

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Particulate matter (PM) pollution is a significant environmental and public health issue globally. Exposure to high levels of PM, especially fine particles, can have severe health consequences. These particles can come from a variety of sources, including natural events like dust storms and wildfires, as well as human activities such as industrial processes and transportation. Although an extensive development in air filtration techniques has been made in the past few years, fine particulate matter still poses a serios and dangerous threat to human health and to our environment. Conventional a

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47

Kongkratoke, Kritchai, Surat Bualert, and Kasem Chunkao. "Limiting Factors on Speed and Load of Diesel Engines Vehicle Urban Air Quality Management in Thailand." Modern Applied Science 9, no. 13 (2015): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v9n13p98.

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Speed and load of diesel engine vehicles are the important factors affected on the fine particulate matter emission in Thailand.<strong> </strong>This study aimed to study the relation of speed and load of diesel engine vehicles affected on the emission of fine particulate matter in Thailand and also related to the emission of the exhaust from diesel engine vehicles. The experiment was designed into a x b Factorial Experiment in Completely Randomized Design. It was divided into 2 experiments as follows: 1) to study the emission of fine particulate matter in Euro 4 diesel engine veh

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48

Wang, Sibo, Jun Li, Mengjiao Qian, et al. "Excessive aggregation of fine particles may play a crucial role in adolescent spontaneous pneumothorax pathogenesis." PeerJ 11 (November 29, 2023): e16484. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.16484.

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Background The pathogenesis of primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) is unclear. Fine particles aggregated in the lung can be phagocytosed by alveolar macrophages (AMs) to induce an inflammatory reaction and damage local pulmonary tissue, which could be a mechanism of PSP. This project aimed to explore the pathological association between fine particulate matter and PSP. Methods Thirty pulmonary bullae tissues were obtained from surgery of PSP patients (B group). The adjacent normal tissues of the lungs were defined as the control S group. Another 30 normal lung tissues with nonpneumothorax d

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49

Lei, Xiaoning, Renjie Chen, Weihua Li, et al. "Personal exposure to fine particulate matter and blood pressure: Variations by particulate sources." Chemosphere 280 (October 2021): 130602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130602.

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50

Zhai, Shixian, Daniel J. Jacob, Drew C. Pendergrass, et al. "Coarse particulate matter air quality in East Asia: implications for fine particulate nitrate." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 23, no. 7 (2023): 4271–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-4271-2023.

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Abstract. Air quality network data in China and South Korea show very high year-round mass concentrations of coarse particulate matter (PM), as inferred by the difference between PM10 and PM2.5. Coarse PM concentrations in 2015 averaged 52 µg m−3 in the North China Plain (NCP) and 23 µg m−3 in the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA), contributing nearly half of PM10. Strong daily correlations between coarse PM and carbon monoxide imply a dominant source from anthropogenic fugitive dust. Coarse PM concentrations in the NCP and the SMA decreased by 21 % from 2015 to 2019 and further dropped abruptly i

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