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1

Blazenko, George W., and Kirk Vandezande. "Corporate holding of finished goods inventories." Journal of Economics and Business 55, no. 3 (May 2003): 255–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0148-6195(03)00023-7.

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2

Hayakawa, Kazunobu. "Bilateral tariff rates in international trade: finished goods versus intermediate goods." International Economics and Economic Policy 11, no. 3 (August 24, 2013): 353–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10368-013-0255-6.

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3

Tang, Dong. "Managing finished-goods inventory under capacitated delayed differentiation." Omega 39, no. 5 (October 2011): 481–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.omega.2010.10.006.

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4

Guth, Michael A. S. "Functional Form in Finished Goods Inventory Investment: Note." Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 19, no. 3 (August 1987): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1992085.

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5

Larue, Bruno. "Optimal Tariff and Trade in Raw and Finished Goods." Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie 37, no. 4 (November 13, 2008): 1081–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7976.1989.tb00820.x.

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6

Borisova, Ye N., Zh Yu Koytova, and K. V. Perminova. "SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO THE FORMATION AND PRESERVATION OF QUALITY OF GOODS MADE OF SHEEPSKIN SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCT." Technologies & Quality, no. 4 (2019): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/2587-6147-2019-4-46-8-13.

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The quality of the goods is formed at all stages of product creation and is determined by the quality characteristics. The article deals with the formation and preservation of the quality of products from sheepskin semi-finished products from the position of a systematic approach. Fur goods, depending on the level of processing include raw materials, sheepskin semi-finished product, product proper. When moving from one state to another, certain properties are generated and stored. We develop a range of indicators of quality of semi-finished sheepskin, forming the basis for a qualitative transition from the level of “sheepskin products” on the level “product” and the classification is used to classify semi-finished sheepskin to group and category by the appropriate property and giving full information about the material required for a quality transition from the level of “semi-finished” on the levels “product” and “goods”.
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7

Vaz, Anthony, and Shaheen Mansori. "Target Days versus Actual Days of Finished Goods Inventory in Fast Moving Consumer Goods." International Business Research 10, no. 6 (May 3, 2017): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v10n6p19.

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In a bid to maximize corporate profits, many multi-national corporations and even small medium enterprises create many products and place them on shelves at hypermarkets or supermarkets. We can observe an abundance of stock keeping units on shelves as well as observe a variety of such finished goods held by various fast moving consumer goods industries in the home appliance, beverage, canned food, clothes, soft-drinks, cordials and confectionery product ranges, just to name a few. From supplier, manufacturer, distributor, wholesaler and retailer, it appears that there is a constant flow of new products and stock keeping units held for these fast moving consumer goods. We can say that we humans are a rather wasteful species because a large proportion of products become obsolete or slow moving over time and organizations push products into the marketplace to gain competitive advantage and optimize profits. Hence, there is need to address this issue in the field of Supply Chain Management because resources on this planet are limited and we humans live in a very fragile planet. Yet, as population grows, we humans have become used to this over-abundance even though the resources within this planet are becoming more and more scarce. Consumption levels have increased with population growth and with capitalist thinking, virtually anybody can develop businesses that will create products to meet human needs. In the field of Supply Chain Management, managers set polices on when to order and how much to order and the average inventory that results from these inventory replenishment policies become targets. This paper attempts to compare target days of inventory with actual days of inventory held in warehouses for a single organization with many warehouses/ stock keeping units, in an attempt to understand further approaches that can be used to improve inventory waste within supply chains.
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8

Puspitasari, Nia Budi, and Audy Yumna Ardila. "Implementation of Lean Warehouse to Minimize Wastes in Finished Goods Warehouse of PT Charoen Pokphand Indonesia Semarang." ComTech: Computer, Mathematics and Engineering Applications 7, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/comtech.v7i1.2185.

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PT. Charoen Pokphand Indonesia Semarang is one of the largest poultry feed companies in Indonesia. To store the finished products that are ready to be distributed, it needs a finished goods warehouse. To minimize the wastes that occur in the process of warehousing the finished goods, the implementation of lean warehouse is required. The core process of finished goods warehouse is the process of putting bag that has been through the process of pallets packing, and then transporting the pallets contained bags of feed at finished goods warehouses and the process of unloading food from the finished goods warehouse to the distribution truck. With the implementation of the lean warehouse, we can know whether the activities are value added or not, to be identified later which type of waste happened. Opinions of stakeholders regarding the waste that must be eliminated first need to be determined by questionnaires. Based on the results of the questionnaires, three top wastes are selected to be identified the cause by using fishbone diagram. They can be repaired by using the implementation of 5S, namely Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, and Shitsuke. Defect waste can be minimized by selecting pallet, putting sack correctly, forklift line clearance, applying working procedures, and creating cleaning schedule. Next, overprocessing waste is minimized by removing unnecessary items, putting based on the date of manufacture, and manufacture of feed plan. Inventory waste is minimized by removing junks, putting feed based on the expired date, and cleaning the barn
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9

Sugak, Tatiana, and Olga Glushik. "METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ACCOUNTING OF FINISHED PRODUCTS." Actual Problems of Economics 1, no. 232 (2020): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32752/1993-6788-2020-1-232-28-34.

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The article reveals some methodological aspects of accounting for finished products at the production enterprise. The importance of implementing effective and well-established accounting of production costs to ensure a reliable assessment of the enterprise. Understanding the essence ofproduction and the final product by management staff contributes to the correct definition of goals for the enterprise. This will improve the work of both accountants and staff involved in the production and sale of finished products. The definition of finished products on the basis of own definitions of scientists and national accounting standards 9 "Inventories", 16 "Expenses" and international accounting standards �2 "Inventories" is investigated, and the main points are highlighted. Accounting account 26 "Finished goods" and other accounts on which all expenses at manufacturing of finished goods are conducted are considered. The emphasis is on the cost accounting scheme, the correct write-off and determination of the financial result of the enterprise. The primary documents on the basis of which the account of finished goods is conducted are defined.
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10

Ehrhardt, Richard. "Finished goods management for JIT production: New models for analysis." International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing 11, no. 3 (January 1998): 217–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/095119298130741.

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11

Cachon, Gérard P., and Marcelo Olivares. "Drivers of Finished-Goods Inventory in the U.S. Automobile Industry." Management Science 56, no. 1 (January 2010): 202–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.1090.1095.

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12

Grillo, H., M. M. E. Alemany, A. Ortiz, and J. Mula. "A Fuzzy Order Promising Model With Non-Uniform Finished Goods." International Journal of Fuzzy Systems 20, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 187–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40815-017-0317-y.

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13

Rosyda, Salma Shofia, and Iwan Sukoco. "Model Design Thinking pada Perancangan Aplikasi Matengin Aja." Organum: Jurnal Saintifik Manajemen dan Akuntansi 3, no. 1 (July 1, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.35138/organum.v3i1.69.

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Because of globalization, technology today is very important for developing businesses. The raw and semi-finished goods sector has not been given much attention so it needs to get special attention by creating a buying and selling system. The purpose of this study is to develop businesses in the raw and semi-finished goods sector. The method used in this paper is descriptive qualitative. So that the design becomes efficient, creative, and systematic design thinking becomes the solution of the design method of this information system. In this study the design thinking used consisted of three stages, namely empathy, define, and ideate. By using design thinking design will be efficient, creative, and user needs are always considered. Matengin Aja wrote is an application made to bring together owners of raw and semi-finished goods with people who need these goods. The owner of raw and semi-finished goods can sell the results of goods that are independently owned. By using product thinking design that is designed based on the needs of many people, the product can be well defined, and the overall concept can be displayed.
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Zen, Zayyinul Hayati, and Beni Zamora. "ANALISIS POSTUR KERJA PADA BAGIAN GUDANG BARANG JADI MENGGUNAKAN METODERAPID ENTIRE BODY ASSESSMENT (REBA)." Photon: Jurnal Sain dan Kesehatan 7, no. 01 (October 30, 2016): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37859/jp.v7i01.568.

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PT. Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk Div. Noodle Pekanbaru is a manufacturing company, producing instant noodles. These research focused on the finished goods warehouse. During the activities has been taken, most operator complained of pain in some parts of their body. The complaint will be identified by using Standard Nordic Questionnaire (SNQ). Then assestment of work posture by using Rappid Entire Body Assessment (REBA). Actual work conditions will be obtained, analyzed and evaluated. The results in the preparation of finished goods were the level of risk in moderate activity and needs improvement. On pull/pushment of finished goods to the warehouse location and to the dock, loading into the truck were a high level of risk activities and need to immediately repairs. Recommendations suggested are repositioning of operator’s working position, add giving sufficient space for laying pallet so that the operator more flexible. It also necessary to add tools for laying footing finished goods higher, adding safety devices backs operator.
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15

Gdanskiy, N. I., J. A. Filinskaya, and G. R. Grigoryan. "Development of Industrial Control System project for handling goods stored in a finished goods warehouse of bulk goods producers." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 862 (May 28, 2020): 032077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/862/3/032077.

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16

Singh, Aarti, and Stefano Tornielli Di Crestvolant. "TRANSMISSION OF MONETARY POLICY SHOCKS: DO INPUT–OUTPUT INTERACTIONS MATTER?" Macroeconomic Dynamics 24, no. 8 (March 21, 2019): 1881–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100519000038.

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We examine whether input–output interactions among industries impact the transmission of monetary policy shocks through the economy. Using vector autoregressive (VAR) methods we find evidence of heterogeneity in the output response to a monetary policy shock in both finished goods industries and intermediate goods industries. While output responses in finished goods industries can be related to heterogeneity in industry characteristics, this relationship is not so obvious for intermediate goods industries. For the intermediate goods industries in our sample, we find new evidence of demand-spillover effects that impact the transmission of monetary policy via input–output linkages.
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17

Abidin, Nurfarahainie, Ahmad Afif Ahmarofi, and Anderes Gui. "Designing the Re-layout Finished Goods Warehouse through the Simulation Method." International Journal of Industrial Management 10 (March 5, 2021): 126–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/ijim.10.1.2021.6052.

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The demand for gloves is increasing currently and mostly used in health facilities such as hospitals and clinics. Furthermore, laboratory facilities such as in university and schools also use gloves to handle equipment in the laboratory. Since pandemic Covid-19, personal hygiene emerged as the main concerned. Hence, not only the person who works in health facilities and laboratory, everyone used gloves, especially in the public place. Consequently, gloves demand is increasing tremendously. However, the manufacturer who produces gloves is suffering insufficient capacity in the goods warehouse due to a large number of production output. In this regard, this paper aims to improve one of the finished goods warehouse capacity that highly affected by the sudden increase in demand. An improvement of finished goods warehouse layout was developed by using a simulation tool to solve the lack of available space. It is found that the proposed layout can be fully utilized in the warehouse, thus increase the warehouse capacity efficiently.
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18

Febiyanti, Juliani. "Finished Product Warehouse Layout Design Using Shared Storage Method." Jurnal Mekintek : Jurnal Mekanikal, Energi, Industri, Dan Teknologi 11, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.35335/mekintek.v11i1.8.

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PT. XYZ is a private company engaged in the business of producing ceramics. The problem in the current warehouse is the presence of defective ceramic products due to irregular placement of finished products. Irregular placement of ceramic products, which can cause inefficiency in picking time and make it difficult for workers because of the limited space for movement that can hinder the movement of workers on the production floor. The above problems can be overcome by using the Shared storage method where goods are placed in the storage area closest to the entrance-exit (I/O) door. This method would be better used in types of factories that have the same product dimensions or not much different. The lack of good procedures for arranging goods in the warehouse causes problems in the warehouse, so that the warehouse seems cramped and less organized. The condition of the warehouse layout that is not based on a comprehensive layout design can lead to inefficiency in the time of taking and storing materials and making it difficult for operators to handle materials due to warehouse limitations. In this case, the process of placing goods in the warehouse at the ceramic factory of PT. XYZ will be arranged to reduce the forklift movement distance shorter which can be seen from the results of the proposed design on the layout of the finished product placement in the warehouse. Looking at the design of the proposed ceramic product warehouse layout, the percentage of total travel distance savings in the finished product warehouse is 37.76%.
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19

Rusmawan, Uus. "Sistem Informasi Produksi Barang Pada PT ABC." Jurnal Jaring SainTek 2, no. 1 (June 15, 2020): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.31599/jaring-saintek.v2i1.159.

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This study discusses the manufacture of goods production applications in manufacturing companies. Problems that arise include the difficulty of obtaining information relating to the process of production of goods from the purchase of raw materials, the use of raw materials for production, sale of finished goods and information on stock of raw materials for production and finished goods. One of the main objectives of this study is to overcome the deficiencies mentioned above in terms of presenting information and reporting the production process of goods. This research method uses waterfall. The results of research in the form of application of the production of goods provide one alternative solution to the availability of information systems for the production of goods for interested parties
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20

Mamazhonov, Akramjon Turgunovich. "CONCEPTUAL ISSUES OF ACCOUNTING FOR FINISHED GOODS IN THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY." Theoretical & Applied Science 92, no. 12 (December 30, 2020): 373–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15863/tas.2020.12.92.73.

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21

Correia, Nuno, Leonor Teixeira, and Ana Luísa Ramos. "Implementing an AGV System to Transport Finished Goods to the Warehouse." Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems Journal 5, no. 2 (2020): 241–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.25046/aj050231.

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22

Paul, Sanjoy K., and Abdullahil Azaeem. "An artificial neural network model for optimization of finished goods inventory." International Journal of Industrial Engineering Computations 2, no. 2 (April 1, 2011): 431–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.ijiec.2011.01.005.

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23

Lovell, Michael C. "Macroeconomic implications of S,s versus accelerator finished goods inventory strategies." International Journal of Production Economics 45, no. 1-3 (August 1996): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0925-5273(95)00139-5.

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24

Thamaraiselvi, Dr D., Shanmukha Sai Ganesh Sripada, and Pisupati Srinivasa Pranav. "Inventory Modeling: A Five Step Approach." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 11, no. 4 (March 30, 2022): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.c9802.0311422.

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Inventory is the array of finished goods, spares, raw materials, and other substances required in the production of the finished goods and it is a major asset to a typical manufacturing company. When utilized properly, it can yield great profits for an organization and when not managed in an optimized way, it can incur big losses. There are various methods for inventory control, some of them being JIT (just in time inventory), cross-docking, and cycle counting. But these methods never yielded dividends to companies in getting control over their inventories. Therefore the need for proper inventory models to help maintain optimal stock keeping in mind the specific constraints of each company/organization is essential, say the least. This paper presents a generic version of an inventory model for raw materials, finished goods, and spares in a stock-keeping unit (SKU) where the overall stock is considered as a dependent variable and it is expressed as a function of various parameters or independent variables such as seasonality, demand and lead times ( to name a few). The model allows the prediction of inventory levels of raw materials, finished goods, and spare parts of the machinery with a very high degree of accuracy and can subject the predictive model to various sensitivity and scenario analyses thus being able to gauge the opportunities and risks involved. As a result, there will be all-around improvements in vendor performance, procurement of raw material, handling the finished goods, and spare stocks resulting in an optimized environment in the inventory.
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ROMANOV, P. S., and I. P. ROMANOVA. "OPTIMIZATION OF AUTOMOTIVE TRANSPORT MOVEMENTS INVOLVED IN THE PRODUCTION PROCESS OF LARGE MACHINE-BUILDING ENTERPRISES." Traktory i sel hozmashiny 84, no. 1 (January 15, 2017): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/0321-4443-66269.

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The paper considers approach to optimization of automotive transport movements for transportation of billets, semifinished and finished goods between shop floors and warehouses of large machine-building enterprises. For the normal functioning of the production process a developed system of transportation and storage of billets, semi-finished and finished goods is needed. In large enterprises shop floors and warehouses are usually significantly separated in space and for transportation of billets, semi-finished and finished goods the automotive transport is used. Time needed to move of billets, semi-finished and finished goods between shop floors and warehouses in the enterprise is useless and increases production costs. Therefore, optimization of the movements of automotive transport when moving billets, semi-finished and finished goods between shop floors and warehouses will reduce the time of technological processes for products manufacturing produced by the machine building enterprise, and thus to optimize the production process. Thus, the search for the optimal route movement of automotive transport on the territory of the enterprise is a very important task. The problem of finding the optimal route is in the field of combinatorial optimization, as well as considered in the theory of operations research and is known under the general name as "traveling salesman problem". Traveling salesman problem is one of the transcomputational. All effective (reducing the exhaustive search) methods for solving the traveling salesman problem are heuristic. In most of heuristic methods not the most efficient route is obtained, and its approximate solution is a basic route. The next step is to improve the approximate solution. The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of a number of methods (algorithms) for solving the traveling salesman problem on the basis of which to solve the problem of optimization of automotive transport of large machine-building enterprises is proposed to use either the Little algorithm or ant colony algorithm. The statement of the problem of optimization of automotive transport movement during its work for manufacturing process of large machine-building enterprises is given, the procedure of calculations to solve the problem is shown, an example of solving a particular problem with the help of the developed "traveling salesman problem" procedure of calculation and the computer program (developed on Pascal in Delphi 7). The proposed approach to solving the problem of optimizing automotive transport movements during its work in the production process of large machine-building enterprises can reduce the time for transportation of billets, semifinished and finished goods between shop floors and warehouses, which means that it is possible to reduce the time of subsidiary operations, and as a consequence, increase productivity and reduce production costs. In addition, the reduction of the displacement route of automotive transport reduces the operating costs of automobiles maintenance.
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26

Gustomi, Eka, and Triandi . "Peranan Manufacturing And Accounting Buana System Terhadap Pengendalian Persediaan Barang Jadi Pada PT Cahaya Buana Intitama." Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Kesatuan 2, no. 1 (July 25, 2018): 073–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.37641/jiakes.v2i1.47.

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Inventory is an important part of the company's assets that every day experience changes that require a control system. At manufacturing, inventory control must be carried out effectively and efficiently, so that the company's operations to run optimally. This should be supported by an integrated control system of the manufacturing company. in this era of globalization, all companies in general have used computer-based information systems. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the MABS program as a system of information in controlling inventory of finished goods. Evaluation was conducted to determine whether the program MABS in controlling inventory of finished goods was effective and efficient, and evaluate about the admission procedure and finished goods expenditure. Research by the author is in PT Cahaya Buana Intitama located in Sentul, Bogor. PT Cahaya Buana Intitama a manufacturing company as a manufacturer of furniture products. The results showed that PT Cahaya Buana Intitama MABS program has been implemented effectively and efficiently in controlling inventory of finished goods. It is in view of the admission procedures and expenditures so goes according to pre-defined system, the procedure also pengoperasiaan MABS program has berjlalan optimally. MABS program can also provide complete information, quickly and accurately in accordance with company requirements. This program can also make the company's financial statements. Evaluation results of this research show that there are some things that must be considered by PT Cahaya Buana Intitama, namely the placement of data entry space less effective, it should be placed at the entrance and exit of goods, is not placed on the area, this will result in potential break-out goods in and goods out. Not maximal protection system on the MABS program that will result in the data input errors, and could affect the reporting of finished goods inventory, also can affect the company's financial reporting, then it should be added to the system of protection of the MABS program. Thus can minimize data input errors
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27

Wahyuningsih, Kendri, Sri Yuliani, Wahyu Diyono, Hoerudin Hoerudin, and Tatang Hidayat. "INCREASING PRODUCTION WEIGHT OF MODIFIED-BIOSILICA FROM RICE HUSK AND ITS APPLICATIONS AS REINFORCING FILLER IN RUBBER FINISHED GOODS." Jurnal Penelitian Pascapanen Pertanian 18, no. 2 (November 24, 2021): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jpasca.v18n2.2021.63-74.

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Biosilica from rice husks has a potential that can be used as a reinforcing filler in the production of rubber finished goods displace mine silica. But it’s difficult to disperse homogenetically into a rubber finished goods, so it needs to modify the surface using a coupling agent sign. The capacity for the production of modified-biosilica would need to be at a great level to meet the needs of the rubber industry. The purpose of the research is to identify the characteristics of the modified-biosilica by silane TESPT (bis-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfane) that resulted from increasing the weight of biosilica in the production process and the application as reinforcing filler on the rubber. Increasing of weight in the production process was done gradually on a scale of 0.5; 1; 2; and 5 kg of biosilica per process using a mixer-propeller. The technique on surface modifications was using a one-step modification (OSM) and two-step modification (TSM). Surface modification treatment using TESPT has increased the uniformity of the particle size distribution of the biosilica. Unmodified-biosilica has an average particle size of 717.1 nm (PDI 0.600), while modified-biosilica has an average particle size of 574.6 nm (PDI 0.585). Applications for reinforcing filler in the soles rubber industry are performed in PT Triangkasa Lestari Utama. Research indicates that increasing the weight of biosilica on the surface modifications did not significantly affect the density, lightness, crystallinity, and purity. The applications as reinforcing fillers have increased the quality of rubber finished goods compared with unmodified-biosilica. The best rubber finished goods quality approaching shoes-sol standards is a product that used modified-biosilica by OSM technique. This rubber finished goods has a tensile strength of 5.80 MPa, elongation at break of 425%, tear strength of 23.25% and abrasion resistance of 251.5 mm3 .
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Maulani, Giandari, Era Era Hia, and Geri Yansyah. "Sistem Informasi Cargo Documentation Gudang Finished Goods Divisi Wafer PT.Mayora Indah Tbk." Journal CERITA 7, no. 2 (August 25, 2021): 152–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.33050/cerita.v7i2.1767.

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PT. Mayora Indah Tbk is a company engaged in the industry that produces food and beverage products, warehouse wafer division which is one of the places to store, or arrange stock of goods from the production, or activities for the management of incoming and outgoing goods needed control in its movement activities. The current process on the documentation of goods cargo often occurs input errors no. police or truck containers, the use of mobile phone memory storage for photo files, convoluted processes, prone to loss of photo evidence files, difficulty finding data evidence files if there are complaints from the expedition, as well as on employees checkers and helpers do not know the history of the data report. Therefore, a web-based application system is needed to facilitate the search of photo data if there are complaints from the expedition, neat and regular storage of photo data, and for all employees to know the history and report of the photo data. To build this application using data collection methods namely observation, interviews and library studies, analysis methods using PIECES, system design using UML (Unified Modeling Language), and testing using Black Box Testing, while the programming language used is PHP with sublime text editor, as well as for databases using MySQL. With this system for the photo documentation process facilitates the ongoing process, and the management of data reports more regularly.
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Afif, Ahmad, and Dian Mustofani. "Model Rantai Pasok Pada Sistem Produksi Menggunakan Petri Net dan Aljabar Max Plus." Unisda Journal of Mathematics and Computer Science (UJMC) 5, no. 01 (June 13, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.52166/ujmc.v5i01.1465.

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Abstract. Supply chain production system is a process of coordination and integration of activities ranging from the procurement of goods and services, transforming raw materials into semi-finished goods and finished goods, to distribute to the consumers in an efficient manner. Supply chain analysis is used to regulate the supply of the production system so as not to overload so that it can reduce the costs of the entire production system which includes the costs of processing, transportation and distribution of raw materials, semi-finished goods and finished goods. Petrinet can describe the supply chain model as a dynamic production systems with discrete events with max plus algebra approach to help calculate the length of time in the distribution and production in the supply chain. Keywords: supply chain, production system, petri net, max plus algebra Abstrak. Rantai pasok pada sistem produksi merupakan proses koordinasi dan integrasi kegiatan mulai dari pengadaan barang dan jasa, mengubah bahan baku menjadi barang setengah jadi dan barang jadi, hingga mendistribusikan kepada konsumen dengan cara efisien. Analisis rantai pasok dipakai untuk mengatur pasokan dari sistem produksi supaya tidak terjadi overload sehingga dapat mengurangi biaya dari keseluruhan sistem produksi yang meliputi biaya pengolahan, transportasi dan distribusi bahan baku, barang setengah jadi dan barang jadi. Petrinet dapat menggambarkan model rantai pasok sebagai sistem produksi yang dinamis dengan kejadian diskrit dengan pendekatan aljabar max plus untuk membantu menghitung lamanya waktu dalam pendistribusian dan produksi dalam rantai pasok. Kata kunci : rantai pasok, sistem produksi, petri net, aljabar max plus
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Bivin, David G. "Rationales for the Dual Existence of Finished Goods and Raw Materials Inventories." Southern Economic Journal 55, no. 4 (April 1989): 962. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1059475.

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Chendilova, E. B. "METHOD OF CALCULATING SAFETY STOCK OF FINISHED GOODS IN THE MINING INDUSTRY." Economy in the industry, no. 2 (April 21, 2015): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/2072-1633-2013-2-83-88.

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Gamova, O., I. Kozachok, and G. Bortnik. "DEVELOPMENT OF AUDIT PROGRAMME OF FINISHED GOODS SALES INCOME IN THE ENTERPRISE." Agrosvit, no. 4 (February 28, 2019): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.32702/2306-6792.2019.4.24.

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JONES, P. G. "Some Observations on the Action of Light on Finished Dyed Cotton Goods." Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 26, no. 6 (October 22, 2008): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1910.tb00520.x.

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34

Jesse, Richard R. "On the retention of finished goods inventory when reorder-occurrence is uncertain." Journal of Operations Management 6, no. 2 (February 1986): 149–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0272-6963(86)90022-7.

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35

Hanes, Christopher. "Changes in the Cyclical Behavior of Real Wage Rates, 1870–1990." Journal of Economic History 56, no. 4 (December 1996): 837–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050700017496.

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A modern household's consumption bundle is more finished than that of a typical worker in the past: the average consumption good passes through more stages of production before purchase. This has affected the cyclical behavior of wages relative to the price of the consumption bundle because wages are more procyclical relative to prices of more-finished goods. Nowadays real consumption wages are procyclical. They were less procyclical before the Second World War, and they may have been acyclical or even countercyclical before the First World War.
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36

Li, Jingshan, E. Enginarlar, and Semyon M. Meerkov. "Conservation of filtering in manufacturing systems with unreliable machines and finished goods buffers." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2006 (2006): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/mpe/2006/27328.

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This paper addresses the issue of reliable satisfaction of customer demand by unreliable production systems. In the framework of a simple production-storage-customer model, we show that this can be accomplished by using an appropriate level of filtering of production randomness. The filtering is ensured by finished goods buffers (filtering in space) and shipping periods (filtering in time). The following question is considered: how are filtering in space and filtering in time interrelated? As an answer, we show that there exists a conservation law: in lean manufacturing systems, the amount of filtering in space multiplied by the amount of filteringin time (both measured in appropriate dimensionless units) ispractically constant. Along with providing an insight into the nature of manufacturing systems, this law offers a tool for selecting the smallest, that is, lean, finished goods buffering, which is necessary and sufficient to ensure the desired level ofcustomer demand satisfaction.
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Vikaliana, Resista. "FAKTOR-FAKTOR RISIKO RISIKO DALAM PERUSAHAAN JASA PENGIRIMAN." Jurnal Logistik Indonesia 1, no. 1 (July 3, 2018): 68–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31334/jli.v1i1.128.

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In this era of globalization, can not be denied that the delivery of goods is needed, either by individuals or by organizations / companies. Delivery of goods (raw materials, semi-finished materials, or finished goods) that are not timely can cause inhibition of the production process. Package delivery service is a business services meripan goods that are very much the competition, therefore the income of goods services companies especially package goods packages tend to fluctuate decline as experienced by one of the domestic delivery services. With so many business competition for goods merchandise services, competition in the future will increase or change faster so that the demand map of these services will also change, if the service company does not follow the change impossible the company will exist. That is why management is required for the risks that often arise in the delivery of goods. Risk management steps that can be done include the management of human resources business competition freight services, delivery errors, goods damage sent, theft or fire warehouse. By knowing the various risks typically faced by the company, then handling the risks quickly and accurately can minimize the risks faced by the company, so spend large funds.
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38

Utia, Valiensi, Nanny Dewi, and H. Sutisna. "THE IMPACT OF WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT TO PROFITABILITY OF MANUFACTURING COMPANY LISTED IN INDONESIAN STOCK EXCHANGE." Hasanuddin Economics and Business Review 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26487/hebr.v2i1.1441.

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ABSTRACT Manufacturing companies in Indonesia are increasing in number in recent years. Large growth should be balanced with good working capital management due to the manufacturing company is carrying out buying of raw material activity, afterward convert them into semi-finished goods and finished goods. Cycles from purchasing goods, inventory management, debt repayment, product sales, cash received will have effect on profitability.Purpose of this study to determine whether working capital management affect profitability of manufacturing companies publicly listed on Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2010-2015. This study uses quantitative method by using linear regression analysis tool on panel data.Results of this study found that the component of working capital proved to affect profitability of manufacturing companies Listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange. Therefore the companies should be able to manage properly their working capital. Manufacturing companies should improve their management pattern applied to their current assets and current liabilities. Working capital management should be performed by shortening cash conversion cycle, debt withholding, and by increasing current assets value due to it proves to be able to improve profitability of the company.
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Dudina, A., M. Shabalov, and L. Nikolaichuk. "Increasing the efficiency of Russian uranium mining enterprises in conditions of excessive supply." E3S Web of Conferences 266 (2021): 06006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126606006.

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The article describes the current situation in the global uranium concentrate market, explains the reasons for the formation of an excess amount of finished goods and the subsequent decreasein prices. The authorsevaluated the prospects of using market mechanisms to improve the financial results of Russian uranium mining enterprises. The location of the main mining centers in comparison with the centers of consumption of finished goods, pricing for the products of uranium mining companies, the dynamics of price changes over the past 20 years, the influence of non-market factors on the supply of finished products are analyzed.This study led to the conclusion that the expectation of changes in the market situation is not viable in a long term. The authors outlined the direction to improve the profitability of mining enterprises by introducing technological changes aimed at reducing the cost of the final product.
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40

Wang, R. "A Co-Evolutionary Contract Net-Based Framework for Distributed Manufacturing Execution Systems." Advanced Materials Research 142 (October 2010): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.142.6.

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A manufacturing execution system (MES) is the information system of a process which actively collects processes and analyses the materials, semi-finished goods, finished goods, machine time, cost etc. on the production site in real time and monitors work in progress (WIP). In this work we present a service recommender system for active services according to service requestors’ goal in manufacturing execution system -workflows. The system is modeled as a multi-agent environment where clients and service agents negotiate using a Co-evolutionary Contract-Net (CeCN).It will improve the MES performance and capability and operating costs significantly.
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Kim, Jinsuk, and Yongtae Shin. "Implementation of EPCIS Capturing Application for Finished Goods Trace History in EPC Network." Journal of Internet Computing and Services 16, no. 2 (April 30, 2015): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.7472/jksii.2015.16.2.19.

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42

Kasich, A., and V. Shara. "THE CONCEPTUAL APPARATUS OF THE TERM "FINISHED GOODS" AS AN OBJECT OF ACCOUNTING." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Economics, no. 188 (2016): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2667.2016/188-11/6.

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43

Lobachova, Nadiia. "Use of additional regulators of the structure gluten-free dough and finished goods." Bulletin of the National Technical University «KhPI» Series: New solutions in modern technologies, no. 9(1285) (April 22, 2018): 207–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2413-4295.2018.09.30.

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44

Yik, L. K., and J. F. Chin. "Application of 5S and Visual Management to Improve Shipment Preparation of Finished Goods." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 530 (July 15, 2019): 012039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/530/1/012039.

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Liu, Hsu-San, and Jen-Shiang Chen. "Integration of finished goods batch delivery into production scheduling via total tardiness minimization." Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences 28, no. 5 (September 2007): 805–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02522667.2007.10699775.

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46

Samuelson, Paul A. "A Ricardo-Sraffa Paradigm Comparing Gains from Trade in Inputs and Finished Goods." Journal of Economic Literature 39, no. 4 (December 1, 2001): 1204–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.39.4.1204.

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Here is how the 1817 Ricardo comparative advantage trade benefit analysis has to be modified to take account of post-1960 Sraffian benefits from capital-using technologies. By bringing J. S. Mill's demand model up to date in terms of its implicit geometric-mean money-metric utility, specific measurements for real net national product are calculated to partition sources of welfare gains (from output enhancements and taste-preference accommodations) in scenarios of (1) trade between equals, (2) trade between poor and rich nations, and (3) for biased inventions that enable a poor country to take over production of items in which formerly the rich place enjoyed comparative advantage. History of economic doctrine is mined to advance today's frontier of scientific knowledge—a forward-looking function for “Whig history.”
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47

Ni, Yanting, Yi Wang, Jin Yao, and Jingmin Li. "Integrated optimisation of scheduling and ordering based on semi-finished goods delayed differentiation." International Journal of Production Research 51, no. 16 (August 2013): 4805–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2013.774479.

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48

Chuang, Chia-Hung, and Yabing Zhao. "Demand stimulation in finished-goods inventory management: Empirical evidence from General Motors dealerships." International Journal of Production Economics 208 (February 2019): 208–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2018.11.013.

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49

Suwandi, Arief, Teuku Yuri Zagloel, and Akhmad Hidayatno. "Risk Control Failure of Iron Pipes in Finished Goods Warehouses using Dynamic Systems." International Journal of Technology 12, no. 1 (January 20, 2021): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14716/ijtech.v12i1.4068.

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50

Fałat, Kamila. "Changes in the Product Costing Process Driven by Implementation of an Integrated Information System in a Production Company." e-Finanse 15, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fiqf-2019-0025.

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AbstractThe article deals with product costing in a manufacturing company and change of costing methodology from normal to standard costing caused by a new integrated information system implementation. The aim of the article is to show the impact of a new integrated information system on product costing. In order to show the consequences of changing the methodology of product costing from normal to standard costing variances between standard costing and normal costing in an international production company were analyzed. For this research comparative analysis was used of unit costs before and after the new system implementation for finished goods. Ten percent of the items had a variance of more than 30% which was caused by errors in the new system settings and mistakes in the normal costs in the old system. The impact of the change of the costing methodology was shown by calculation of the difference between normal cost values and standard cost values ten months after the new integrated information system implementation. To verify the accuracy of standard costs settings, standard costs were compared to actual costs for finished goods and semi-finished goods. In the tenth period only 30% of finished goods and 42% of semi-finished goods showed a variance between standard costs and actual costs lower than 20%. It means that for the rest of the items standard cost assumptions should be checked and corrected. The results of the study indicate that a change in product costing methodology driven by new integrated information system implementation has an impact on company revenues. The direction of the change depends on the accuracy of previous system settings. It is impossible to implement a new system without increase or decrease of sales. The most important limitation of the research is that only one manufacturing company was studied. This was connected with data availability. The research methodology can be used by manufacturing companies to assess the impact of new integrated system implementation on their revenues. Literature concerning integrated information system implementation focuses on its advantages and disadvantages therefore the author of the article wants to concentrate on its impact on the profit and loss account, specifically on revenues.
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