Relevant bibliographies by topics / Finite Element Modeling (FEM)

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Finite Element Modeling (FEM)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Finite Element Modeling (FEM)"

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Jennings, Keith, and Patrick J. Naughton. "Similitude Conditions Modeling Geosynthetic-Reinforced Piled Embankments Using FEM and FDM Techniques." ISRN Civil Engineering 2012 (May 8, 2012): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/251726.

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The numerical modelling of geosynthetic-reinforced piled embankments using both the finite element method (FEM) and finite difference method (FDM) are compared. Plaxis 2D (FEM) was utilized to replicate FLAC (FDM) analysis originally presented by Han and Gabr on a unit cell axisymmetric model within a geosynthetic reinforced piled embankment (GRPE). The FEM and FED techniques were found to be in reasonable agreement, in both characteristic trend and absolute value. FEM consistently replicated the FDM outputs for deformational, loading, and load transfer mechanism (soil arching) response within the reinforced piled embankment structure with a reasonable degree of accuracy. However the FDM approach was found to give a slightly higher reinforcement tension and stress concentration but lower reinforcement strain at the pile cap than FEM, which was attributed to the greater discretize of the model geometry in the FDM than in FEM.
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Alshoaibi, Abdulnaser M., and Yahya Ali Fageehi. "Advances in Finite Element Modeling of Fatigue Crack Propagation." Applied Sciences 14, no. 20 (2024): 9297. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14209297.

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Fatigue crack propagation is a critical phenomenon that affects the structural integrity and lifetime of various engineering components. Over the years, finite element modeling (FEM) has emerged as a powerful tool for studying fatigue crack propagation and predicting crack growth behavior. This study offers a thorough overview of recent advancements in finite element modeling (FEM) of fatigue crack propagation. It highlights cutting-edge techniques, methodologies, and developments, focusing on their strengths and limitations. Key topics include crack initiation and propagation modeling, the fundamentals of finite element modeling, and advanced techniques specifically for fatigue crack propagation. This study discusses the latest developments in FEM, including the Extended Finite Element Method, Cohesive Zone Modeling, Virtual Crack Closure Technique, Adaptive Mesh Refinement, Dual Boundary Element Method, Phase Field Modeling, Multi-Scale Modeling, Probabilistic Approaches, and Moving Mesh Techniques. Challenges in FEM are also addressed, such as computational complexity, material characterization, meshing issues, and model validation. Additionally, the article underscores the successful application of FEM in various industries, including aerospace, automotive, civil engineering, and biomechanics.
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Pang, Guofei, Wen Chen, and Kam Yim Sze. "A Comparative Study of Finite Element and Finite Difference Methods for Two-Dimensional Space-Fractional Advection-Dispersion Equation." Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 8, no. 1 (2015): 166–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4208/aamm.2014.m693.

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AbstractThe paper makes a comparative study of the finite element method (FEM) and the finite difference method (FDM) for two-dimensional fractional advection-dispersion equation (FADE) which has recently been considered a promising tool in modeling non-Fickian solute transport in groundwater. Due to the non-local property of integro-differential operator of the space-fractional derivative, numerical solution of FADE is very challenging and little has been reported in literature, especially for high-dimensional case. In order to effectively apply the FEM and the FDM to the FADE on a rectangular domain, a backward-distance algorithm is presented to extend the triangular elements to generic polygon elements in the finite element analysis, and a variable-step vector Grünwald formula is proposed to improve the solution accuracy of the conventional finite difference scheme. Numerical investigation shows that the FEM compares favorably with the FDM in terms of accuracy and convergence rate whereas the latter enjoys less computational effort.
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Ye, Yong Qing, Chao He Chen, and Xiao Liu. "Structural Strength Analysis of FRP Yacht by FEM." Applied Mechanics and Materials 275-277 (January 2013): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.275-277.105.

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This paper discusses the laminated structure and sandwich structure by finite element modeling, the process of finite element modeling of composite panel with top-hat stiffeners and finite element analysis of the whole hull. The result shows that the method and steps of modeling FRP yacht based on FEM to directly calculate the hull structural strength are instructive.
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Besuievsky, G., E. García-Nevado, G. Patow, and B. Beckers. "Procedural modeling buildings for finite element method simulation." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2042, no. 1 (2021): 012074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2042/1/012074.

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Abstract Finite element methods for heat simulation at urban scale require mesh-volume models, where the meshing process requires a special attention in order to satisfy FEM requirements. In this paper we propose a procedural volume modeling approach for automatic creation of mesh-volume buildings, which are suitable for FEM simulations at urban scale. We develop a basic rule-set library and a building generation procedure that guarantee conforming meshes. In this way, urban models can be easily built for energy analysis. Our test-case shows a street created with building prototypes that fulfill all the requirements for being loaded in a FEM numerical platform such as Cast3M (www-cast3m.cea.fr).
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Vu-Bac, N., H. Nguyen-Xuan, L. Chen, et al. "A Phantom-Node Method with Edge-Based Strain Smoothing for Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2013 (2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/978026.

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This paper presents a novel numerical procedure based on the combination of an edge-based smoothed finite element (ES-FEM) with a phantom-node method for 2D linear elastic fracture mechanics. In the standard phantom-node method, the cracks are formulated by adding phantom nodes, and the cracked element is replaced by two new superimposed elements. This approach is quite simple to implement into existing explicit finite element programs. The shape functions associated with discontinuous elements are similar to those of the standard finite elements, which leads to certain simplification with implementing in the existing codes. The phantom-node method allows modeling discontinuities at an arbitrary location in the mesh. The ES-FEM model owns a close-to-exact stiffness that is much softer than lower-order finite element methods (FEM). Taking advantage of both the ES-FEM and the phantom-node method, we introduce an edge-based strain smoothing technique for the phantom-node method. Numerical results show that the proposed method achieves high accuracy compared with the extended finite element method (XFEM) and other reference solutions.
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Akeremale, Collins Olusola, Oluwasegun Adeyemi Olaiju, and Su Hoe Yeak. "H-Adaptive Finite Element Methods for 1D Stationary High Gradient Boundary Value Problems." Mathematical Modelling of Engineering Problems 8, no. 6 (2021): 967–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/mmep.080617.

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This article considered the traditional finite element method (FEM) and adaptive finite element method (FEM) for the numerical solution of the one-dimensional boundary value problems. We established the preference or the superiority of the h-adaptive FEM to traditional FEM in high gradient problems in terms of accuracy and cost of computation. Numerical examples which confirm the performance and adaptability of the h-adaptive method over the traditional finite element method and the high accuracy of the numerical solution are presented. Detailed error analysis of linear elements was also discussed. In conclusion, h-adaptive FEM is recommended for complex systems with high gradient problems.
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Fan, S. C., S. M. Li, and G. Y. Yu. "Dynamic Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis Using Boundary Finite Element Method–Finite Element Method." Journal of Applied Mechanics 72, no. 4 (2004): 591–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1940664.

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In this paper, the boundary finite element method (BFEM) is applied to dynamic fluid-structure interaction problems. The BFEM is employed to model the infinite fluid medium, while the structure is modeled by the finite element method (FEM). The relationship between the fluid pressure and the fluid velocity corresponding to the scattered wave is derived from the acoustic modeling. The BFEM is suitable for both finite and infinite domains, and it has advantages over other numerical methods. The resulting system of equations is symmetric and has no singularity problems. Two numerical examples are presented to validate the accuracy and efficiency of BFEM-FEM coupling for fluid-structure interaction problems.
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Nirmalkar, Lomesh. "Modelling And Analysis the Structures by Finite Element Methods." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 04 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem45365.

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Finite Element Method (FEM) has emerged as a powerful computational tool in the analysis and design of complex structures across various engineering disciplines. This study focuses on the modelling and analysis of finite element structures to evaluate their mechanical performance under different loading conditions. Utilizing advanced simulation tools, the project investigates stress distribution, deformation patterns, and failure mechanisms in structural components made from diverse materials. The primary objective is to develop accurate finite element models that replicate real-world behavior with high fidelity. The research begins with geometric modeling, material property assignment, and meshing strategies, followed by the application of boundary conditions and loads. Several case studies are considered, including beams, trusses, and plates subjected to static and dynamic loads. The influence of mesh density, element type, and boundary conditions on the accuracy of results is also examined. Additionally, the study evaluates linear and nonlinear behavior, including material nonlinearity and large deformation analysis. Validation is performed by comparing simulation outcomes with theoretical calculations and available experimental data. The results demonstrate that FEM provides reliable and precise predictions when appropriate modelling strategies are employed. This work underscores the importance of finite element analysis (FEA) in optimizing design, reducing material costs, and ensuring structural safety. The findings offer valuable insights for engineers, researchers, and designers involved in structural analysis and mechanical system development. Key Words: Finite Element Method (FEM), Structural Analysis, Modelling, Simulation, Stress Distribution, Deformation, Meshing, Boundary Conditions, Nonlinear Analysis, Validation, Structural Design, Engineering Structures
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Luo, Yunhua. "Microstructure-Free Finite Element Modeling for Elasticity Characterization and Design of Fine-Particulate Composites." Journal of Composites Science 6, no. 2 (2022): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs6020035.

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The microstructure-based finite element modeling (MB-FEM) of material representative volume element (RVE) is a widely used tool in the characterization and design of various composites. However, the MB-FEM has a number of deficiencies, e.g., time-consuming in the generation of a workable geometric model, challenge in achieving high volume-fractions of inclusions, and poor quality of finite element mesh. In this paper, we first demonstrate that for particulate composites the particle inclusions have homogeneous distribution and random orientation, and if the ratio of particle characteristic length to RVE size is adequately small, elastic properties characterized from the RVE are independent of particle shape and size. Based on this fact, we propose a microstructure-free finite element modeling (MF-FEM) approach to eliminate the deficiencies of the MB-FEM. The MF-FEM first generates a uniform mesh of brick elements for the RVE, and then a number of the elements, with their total volume determined by the desired volume fraction of inclusions, is randomly selected and assigned with the material properties of the inclusions; the rest of the elements are set to have the material properties of the matrix. Numerical comparison showed that the MF-FEM has a similar accuracy as the MB-FEM in the predicted properties. The MF-FEM was validated against experimental data reported in the literature and compared with the widely used micromechanical models. The results show that for a composite with small contrast of phase properties, the MF-FEM has excellent agreement with both the experimental data and the micromechanical models. However, for a composite that has large contrast of phase properties and high volume-fraction of inclusions, there exist significant differences between the MF-FEM and the micromechanical models. The proposed MF-FEM may become a more effective tool than the MB-FEM for material engineers to design novel composites.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Finite Element Modeling (FEM)"

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Adolfsson, Erik. "Simplified finite element bearing modeling : with NX Nastran." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Tillämpad mekanik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-255398.

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This report was produced at the request of ABB Robotics and the work was conducted at their facilities in Västerås, Sweden. In the development of industrial robots the structures are slimmed to increase the accuracy and speed. When conducting finite element analysis on the robots the accuracy of the component modelling and definitions of the boundary conditions becomes more important. One such component is the ball bearing which consist of several parts and has a nonlinear behavior where the balls are in contact with the rings. The task given was to develop new methods to model roller bearings in Siemens finite element modelling software NX Nastran. Then conduct a strain measurement, to compare the methods to real experimental values. The goal with the report is to find one or more methods to model roller bearings, with accurate results, that can beused in their development work. The report was conducted by first doing a study on bearings and finite element modeling, and learning to use the software NX Nastran. Then the development of the methods were done by generating ideas for bearing models and testing them on simple structures. Nine methods was produced and a tenth, the method used to model bearings today, was used as a reference. The methods was used to build bearing models in a finite element model of a six axis robot wrist. Simulations were done on the models with different load cases and the results were compared to a strain measurement of the wrists real counterpart. Only six of the models were analyzed in the result, since four of the models returned results that were deemed unusable. When compiling the result data no model was found to accurately recreate the stresses in every load case. Three methods, that allow deformation, performed similarly. One of them is suggested to be used as modelling method in the future. Worst of the methods, according to the results compiled, was found to be the method used today. It fails to describe local stresses around the bearing. For continued work it is suggested that linear contact elements is studied further. Four out of five models constructed with linear contact elements failed to return satisfactory results.
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Schatt, Nathan A. "Finite Element Modeling of Ultrasonic Wire Bonding on Polyvinyl Acetate-Nanocomposite Substrates." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1396634471.

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PRASAD, CHANDRA SHEKHAR. "FINITE ELEMENT MODELING TO VERIFY RESIDUAL STRESS IN ORTHOGONAL MACHINING." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för maskinteknik, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-3481.

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The aim of this thesis paper, to create a numerical model to examine the residual stresses induced by orthogonal machining in the finished work piece and the model is validated by comparing with experimental result. The finite element method is used to simulate and analyze the residual stresses induced by a orthogonal metal cutting process. A Dynamics explicit time integration technique with Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) adaptive meshing Finite Element Method (FEM) is employed to simulate the model. The Johnson-Cook material model is used to describe the work material behaviour and fully coupled thermal-stress analysis are combined to realistically simulate high speed machining with an orthogonal cutting. Finite Element modelling of Residual stresses and resultant surface properties induced by round edge cutting tools is performed as case studies for high speed orthogonal machining of 20NiCrMo5 steel. As a conclusion we can say that results from 2D simulations are very close to the experimental results at the surface level, but there is bit difference when we go down in the material. In 3D simulation, results agree with the experimental values in all levels So we can say that it is possible to model residual stresses, induced by orthogonal machining with accepted amount of accuracy. Keywords Residual stress, FE-modelling, ALE formulation,3D.ABAQUS/CAE<br>FEM,ALE, ABAQUS
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Kleiven, Svein. "Finite Element Modeling of the Human Head." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Farkost- och flygteknik, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3347.

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The main objectives of the present thesis were to define the dimension of head injuries in Sweden over a longer period and to present a Finite Element (FE) model of the human head which can be used for preventive strategies in the future. The annual incidence of head injuries in Sweden between 1987 and 2000 was defined at over 22 000, cases most of which were mild head injuries. In contrast to traffic accidents, head injuriy due to fall was the most important etiology. Of special interest was that the number of hematoma cases has increased. A detailed and parameterized FE model of the human head was developed and used to evaluate the effects of head size, brain size and impact directions. The maximal effective stresses in the brain increased more than a fourfold, from 3.6 kPa for the smallest head size to 16.3 kPa for the largest head size using the same acceleration impulse. The size dependence of the intracranial stresses associated with injury is not predicted by the Head Injury Criterion (HIC). Simulations with various brain sizes indicated that the increased risk of Subdural Hematoma (SDH) in elderly people may to a part be explained by the reduced brain size resulting in a larger relative motion between the skull and the brain with distension of bridging veins. The consequences of this increased relative motion due to brain atrophy cannot be predicted by existing injury criteria. From studies of the influence of impact directions to the human head, the highest shear strain in the brain stem is found for a Superior-Inferior (SI) translational impulse, and in the corpus callosum for a lateral rotational impulse when imposing acceleration pulses corresponding to the same impact power. It was concluded that HIC is unable to predict consequences of a pure rotational impulse, while the Head Impact Power (HIP) criterion needs individual scaling coefficients for the different terms to account for differences in intracranial response due to a variation in load direction. It is also suggested that a further evaluation of synergic effects of the directional terms of the HIP is necessary to include combined terms and to improve the injuryprediction. Comparison of the model with experiments on localized motion of the brain shows that the magnitude and characteristics of the deformation are highly sensitive to the shear properties of the brain tissue. The results suggest that significantly lower values of these properties of the human brain than utilized in most 3D FE models today must be used to be able to predict the localised brain response of an impact to the human head. There is a symmetry in the motion of the superior and inferior markers for both the model and the experiments following a sagittal and a coronal impact. This can possibly be explained by the nearly incompressible properties of brain tissue. Larger relative motion between the skull and the brain is more apparent for an occipital impact than for a frontal one in both experiments and FE model. This correlates with clinical findings. Moreover, smaller relative motion between the skull and the brain is more apparent for a lateral impact than for a frontal one for both experiments and FE model. This is thought to be due to the supporting structure of the falx cerebri. Such a parametrized and detailed 3D model of the human head has not, to the best knowledge of the author, previously been developed. This 3D model is thought to be of significant value for looking into the effects of geometrical variations of the human head.<br>QC 20100428
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Kleditzsch, Stefan, and Birgit Awiszus. "Modeling of Cylindrical Flow Forming Processes with Numerical and Elementary Methods." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-97124.

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With flow forming – an incremental forming process – the final geometry of a component is achieved by a multitude of minor sequential forming steps. Due to this incremental characteristic associated with the variable application of the tools and kinematic shape forming, it is mainly suitable for small and medium quantities. For the extensive use of the process it is necessary to have appropriate simulation tools. While the Finite-Element-Analysis (FEA) is an acknowledged simulation tool for the modeling and optimization of forming technology, the use of FEA for the incremental forming processes is associated with very long computation times. For this reason a simulation method called FloSim, based on the upper bound method, was developed for cylindrical flow forming processes at the Chair of Virtual Production Engineering, which allows the simulation of the process within a few minutes. This method was improved by the work presented with the possibility of geometry computation during the process.
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Johansson, Robert. "Finite element modeling of straightening of thin-walled seamless tubes of austenitic stainless steel." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Materialteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-21463.

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During this thesis work a coupled thermo-mechanical finite element model (FEM) was builtto simulate hot rolling in the blooming mill at Sandvik Materials Technology (SMT) inSandviken. The blooming mill is the first in a long line of processes that continuously or ingotcast ingots are subjected to before becoming finished products. The aim of this thesis work was twofold. The first was to create a parameterized finiteelement (FE) model of the blooming mill. The commercial FE software package MSCMarc/Mentat was used to create this model and the programing language Python was used toparameterize it. Second, two different pass schedules (A and B) were studied and comparedusing the model. The two pass series were evaluated with focus on their ability to healcentreline porosity, i.e. to close voids in the centre of the ingot. This evaluation was made by studying the hydrostatic stress (σm), the von Mises stress (σeq)and the plastic strain (εp) in the centre of the ingot. From these parameters the stress triaxiality(Tx) and the hydrostatic integration parameter (Gm) were calculated for each pass in bothseries using two different transportation times (30 and 150 s) from the furnace. The relationbetween Gm and an analytical parameter (Δ) was also studied. This parameter is the ratiobetween the mean height of the ingot and the contact length between the rolls and the ingot,which is useful as a rule of thumb to determine the homogeneity or penetration of strain for aspecific pass. The pass series designed with fewer passes (B), many with greater reduction, was shown toachieve better void closure theoretically. It was also shown that a temperature gradient, whichis the result of a longer holding time between the furnace and the blooming mill leads toimproved void closure.
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Bach, Dang Phong. "Development of a finite element strategy for the modeling of nano-reinforced materials." Thesis, Compiègne, 2020. http://bibliotheque.utc.fr/EXPLOITATION/doc/IFD/2020COMP2550.

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La modélisation des matériaux nano-renforcés nécessite de prendre en compte l’effet de taille induit par les phénomènes locaux à l’interface entre la nanoinclusion et la matrice. Cet effet de taille est interprété par une augmentation du rapport interface/volume et peut être pris en compte en introduisant une élasticité surfacique à l’interface. Alors que de nombreux travaux ont été développés du point de vue analytique, peu de contributions ont trait à la description numérique et à la mise en œuvre de cette élasticité surfacique dans la méthode des éléments finis (FEM). Nos études visent à développer des outils numériques efficaces basés sur la FEM pour la modélisation de nanocomposites. Dans un premier temps, nous évaluons les deux stratégies numériques existantes, à savoir l’approche XFEM et l’approche des éléments d’interface, dans la reproduction de l’effet de taille dans le processus d’homogénéisation. Deuxièmement, sur la base d’un test de performance des trois types de formulations d’E-FEM dans le cas de discontinuités faibles, nous proposons une formulation améliorée de SKON permettant d’intégrer l’effet d’une interface cohérente. Enfin, la modélisation numérique du comportement non linéaire des nanocomposites est étudiée. Lors de la première étape, une loi élastoplastique de type von Mises avec durcissement linéaire isotrope est considérée pour le volume, tandis que l’interface est considérée comme élastique linéaire<br>The modelization of nano-reinforced material requires to take into account the size effect caused by the local phenomena at the interface between the nano-inclusion and the matrix. This size effect is interpreted through an increase in the ratio interface/volume and can be taken into account by introducing a surface elasticity at the interface. Whereas a lot of works have been developed from the analytical point of view, few contributions are related to numerical description and implementation of such surface elasticity in Finite Element Method (FEM). Our studies aim to develop efficient numerical tools based on FEM for the modeling of nanocomposites. Firstly, we evaluate the two existent numerical strategies namely the XFEM approach and the Interface element approach in reproducing the size effect in the homogenization process. Secondly, based on a performance test on the three types of formulations of E-FEM for the case of weak discontinuity, we propose an enhanced SKON formulation allowing to incorporate the effect of a coherent interface. Finally, the numerical modeling on the nonlinear behavior of nanocomposites is investigated. In the first step, a von Mises type elastoplastic law with linear isotropic hardening is considered for the bulk while the interface is considered as linear elastic
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Zhu, Zimo. "Techniques for Finite Element Modeling and Remodeling of Bones with Applications to Pig Skulls." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1512045879980572.

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PADUR, DIVYACHAPAN SRIDHARAN. "DEVELOPMENT AND TESTING OF AN ENHANCED PREPROCESSOR FOR CREATING 3D FINITE ELEMENT MODELS OF HIGHWAY BRIDGES AND A POST PROCESSOR FOR EFFICIENT RESULT GENERATION." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1078472870.

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Zula, Daniel Peter. "Design and Finite Element Modeling of a MEMS‐scale Aluminum Nitride (AlN) EnergyHarvester with Meander Spring Feature." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1560261406397638.

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Books on the topic "Finite Element Modeling (FEM)"

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Tejchman, Jacek. Continuous and Discontinuous Modelling of Fracture in Concrete Using FEM. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013.

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John, Robinson. Early FEM pioneers. Robinson and Associates, 1985.

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Awang, Mokhtar, Ehsan Mohammadpour, and Ibrahim Dauda Muhammad. Finite Element Modeling of Nanotube Structures. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03197-2.

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Boulbes, Raphael Jean. Troubleshooting Finite-Element Modeling with Abaqus. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26740-7.

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Bastos, Joao. Electromagnetic modeling by finite element methods. Marcel Dekker, 2003.

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Cook, Robert D. Finite element modeling for stress analysis. Wiley, 1995.

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author, Agrawal Arti, ed. Finite element modeling methods for photonics. Artech House, 2013.

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Shimoseki, Masayoshi. FEM for Springs. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003.

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Meunier, Gérard, ed. The Finite Element Method for Electromagnetic Modeling. ISTE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470611173.

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Nelson, Sadowski, ed. Magnetic materials and 3D finite element modeling. CRC Press, 2014.

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Book chapters on the topic "Finite Element Modeling (FEM)"

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Neto, Maria Augusta, Ana Amaro, Luis Roseiro, José Cirne, and Rogério Leal. "Advanced FEM Modelling." In Engineering Computation of Structures: The Finite Element Method. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17710-6_8.

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Prokop, Alexander, Tilmann Wittig, and Abhay Morey. "Using Anatomical Human Body Model for FEM SAR Simulation of a 3T MRI System." In Brain and Human Body Modeling 2020. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45623-8_16.

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AbstractSpecific absorption rate (SAR) is calculated according to the upcoming IEC/IEEE 62704-4 Standard for Determining the Peak Spatial-Average SAR in the Human Body from Wireless Communications Devices, 30 MHz–6 GHz: General Requirements for Using the Finite Element Method on a tetrahedral mesh and compared to results with the finite integration technique on the hexahedral mesh according to IEC/IEEE 62704-1. The Female Visible Human body model Nelly is applied in a generic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) coil tuned for a 3 Tesla MRI system. Accuracy and computational effort are compared.
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Kyratsis, Panagiotis, Anastasios Tzotzis, and J. Paulo Davim. "Fundamentals of 3D Finite Element Modeling in Conventional Machining." In 3D FEA Simulations in Machining. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24038-6_2.

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Indraratna, Buddhima, Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn, and Wadud Salim. "Finite element modelling (FEM) of tracks and applications to case studies." In Advanced Rail Geotechnology – Ballasted Track, 2nd ed. CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003278979-12.

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Hernández, Ricardo, Marlon R. Cruz, Ingrid Picas, Maria Dolors Riera, and Daniel Casellas. "Tribological Approach of Forming Tool Performance Based on Finite Element Modelling (FEM)." In Friction, Wear and Wear Protection. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527628513.ch40.

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Nagammal, Vijayan Singarajan, Samson Jerold Samuel Chelladurai, Saiyathibrahim Abdul Pari, Jai Aultrin Kamalan Sundarabai, Makeshkumar Mani, and Infant Jegan Rakesh Antony John Bosco. "Analysing Mechanical Behaviour of LM26/ZrB2 Composite Using Finite Element Modelling (FEM)." In Manufacturing Strategies and Systems. CRC Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781032725086-4.

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Abali, Bilen Emek. "Phase-Field Damage Modeling in Generalized Mechanics by Using a Mixed Finite Element Method (FEM)." In Creep in Structures VI. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39070-8_1.

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Wartman, William A. "Preprocessing General Head Models for BEM-FMM Modeling Pertinent to Brain Stimulation." In Brain and Human Body Modeling 2020. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45623-8_20.

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AbstractIntroduction: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a major noninvasive neurostimulation method in which a coil placed near the head employs electromagnetic induction to produce electric fields and currents within the brain. To predict the actual site of stimulation, numerical simulation of the electric fields within the head using high-resolution subject-specific head models is required. A TMS modeling software toolkit has been developed based on the boundary element fast multipole method (BEM-FMM), which has several advantages over conventional finite element method (FEM) solvers.Objective: To extend the applicability of the BEM-FMM TMS simulation toolkit to head models whose meshing scheme produces a single mesh for every unique tissue instead of producing a single mesh for every unique tissue/tissue boundary.Method: The MIDA model of the IT’IS Foundation, Switzerland, comprises 115 high-resolution tissue models in the form that the BEM-FMM toolkit is modified to accept. The updated BEM-FMM toolkit is tested using this head model.Results: The BEM-FMM toolkit has been successfully modified to accept head models consisting of one unique mesh per unique tissue while still supporting its initial model format of one unique mesh per boundary between two specific tissues. Performance impacts occur in the preprocessing phase only, meaning that the charge computation method performs equally well regardless of model format.
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Callejón-Leblic, M. A., and Pedro C. Miranda. "A Computational Parcellated Brain Model for Electric Field Analysis in Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation." In Brain and Human Body Modeling 2020. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45623-8_5.

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AbstractRecent years have seen the use of increasingly realistic electric field (EF) models to further our knowledge of the bioelectric basis of noninvasive brain techniques such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). Such models predict a poor spatial resolution of tDCS, showing a non-focal EF distribution with similar or even higher magnitude values far from the presumed targeted regions, thus bringing into doubt the classical criteria for electrode positioning. In addition to magnitude, the orientation of the EF over selected neural targets is thought to play a key role in the neuromodulation response. This chapter offers a summary of recent works which have studied the effect of simulated EF magnitude and orientation in tDCS, as well as providing new results derived from an anatomically representative parcellated brain model based on finite element method (FEM). The results include estimates of mean and peak tangential and normal EF values over different cortical regions and for various electrode montages typically used in clinical applications.
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Alsahly, Abdullah, Hoang-Giang Bui, Lukas Heußner, et al. "Digital Design in Mechanized Tunneling." In Interaction Modeling in Mechanized Tunneling. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24066-9_6.

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AbstractDigital design methods are constantly improving the planning procedure in tunnel construction. This development includes the implementation of rule-based systems, concepts for cross-document and -model data integration, and new evaluation concepts that exploit the possibilities of digital design. For planning in tunnel construction and alignment selection, integrated planning environments are created, which help in decision-making through interactive use. By integrating room-ware products, such as touch tables and virtual reality devices, collaborative approaches are also considered, in which decision-makers can be directly involved in the planning process. In current tunneling practice and during planning stage, Finite Element (FE) simulations form an integral element in the planning and the design phase of mechanized tunneling projects. The generation of adequate computational models is often time consuming and requires data from many different sources. Incorporating Building Information Modeling (BIM) concepts offers opportunities to simplify this process by using geometrical BIM sub-models as a basis for structural analyses. In the following chapter, some modern possibilities of digital planning and evaluation of alignments in tunnel construction are explained in more detail. Furthermore, the conception and implementation of an interactive BIM and GIS integrated planning system, ‘‘BIM-to-FEM’’ technology which automatically extracts relevant information needed for FE simulations from BIM sub-models, the establishment of surrogate models for real-time predictions, as well as the evaluation and comparison of planning variants are presented.
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Conference papers on the topic "Finite Element Modeling (FEM)"

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Marcassoli, Paolo, Alessandro Bonetti, Luciano Lazzari, and Marco Ormellese. "Modeling of Potential Distribution of Subsea Pipeline under Cathodic Protection by Finite Element Method." In CORROSION 2013. NACE International, 2013. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2013-02333.

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Abstract This paper deals with the evaluation of the subsea pipeline integrity through the combination of potential profile, electric field gradient and the modeling of the electric field originated by the bracelet galvanic anodes by Finite Element Method (FEM). The potential profile as well as the electric field gradient measured during a survey provide the representation of the Cathodic Protection (CP) level and the location of anodes and coating defects. Nevertheless, by overlapping the electric field calculated by a dedicated FEM modeling, a more accurate interpretation is achieved in order to estimate the critical coating defect size and to evaluate the effect of the presence of multiple defects. FEM modeling was based on a simplified 2D domain reproducing the main geometrical, physical and electrochemical parameters, such as sea depth, mud burial depth, seawater and mud resistivity, and current density and potential distribution. Boundary conditions were defined by assuming constant potential at galvanic anode, electrical insulation of the coating and by considering Butler-Volmer equation for steel surface at coating defects. Coating defect size, sea depth, mud burial depth were considered in a generalized parametric equation. An example of the application of the model is shown on the basis of results obtained by an inspection campaign.
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Shukla, Pavan K., and Biswajit Dasgupta. "Modeling of Local Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Using Boundary Element Method." In CORROSION 2010. NACE International, 2010. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2010-10152.

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Abstract Local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy has been successfully used to study the local electrochemical process (e.g., localized corrosion in the form of pitting corrosion) and to identify coating defects on a coated coupon. The measured data can be accurately analyzed by developing a physico-chemical process model for the local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of a system. Traditionally, the finite element method (FEM) has been employed to solve the physico-chemical model of local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. However, FEM is computationally expensive because it requires very fine meshing of the domain. In contrast, the boundary element method (BEM) significantly reduces computational time without compromising accuracy. In this paper, we present a methodology to calculate local electrochemical impedance spectroscopy using BEM of a simple system. The validity and efficiency of the methodology is established by comparing the local electrochemical impedance spectra obtained from BEM and FEM for the simple system that consists of a planar-electrode confined in a rectangular geometry. The surfaces adjoining the electrode and sidewalls are assumed to be insulating, whereas the surface opposite to the electrode is assumed to be conducting.
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Weisensel, G. N., Rick L. Zrostlik, and Gregory P. Carman. "Advanced magnetostrictive finite element method (FEM) modeling development." In 1999 Symposium on Smart Structures and Materials, edited by Vasundara V. Varadan. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.350066.

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Marusich, T. D., S. Usui, R. Aphale, N. Saini, R. Li, and A. J. Shih. "Three-Dimensional Finite Element Modeling of Drilling Processes." In ASME 2006 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2006-21059.

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The three dimensional (3D) finite element modeling (FEM) and experimental validation of drilling are presented. The Third Wave AdvantEdge machining simulation software is applied for the FEM. It includes fully adaptive unstructured mesh generation, thermo-mechanically coupling, deformable tool-chip-workpiece contact, interfacial heat transfer across the tool-chip boundary, and constitutive models appropriate for process conditions and finite deformation analyses. The workpiece is modeled with a predrilled cone-shape blind hole to enable the early full-engagement of the whole drill point region to reduce the simulation time. Drilling experiments are conducted on the Ti-6Al-4V using a twist drill geometry. The calculated cutting force and torque are compared with the results of experiments with good agreement. Effects of process parameters on the stress and temperature distributions of the drill and workpiece are investigated in detail using the FEM.
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Padilla, A., Z. Lei, A. Munjiza, E. Rougier, and E. E. Knight. "Application of Novel Structural Finite Elements Implemented Within Combined Finite-Discrete Element Methods." In 58th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2024-1037.

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ABSTRACT: Simulating the structural response of concrete and reinforced concrete structures to blast loading conditions is a challenging task, as it requires modeling the fracture and fragmentation processes in this composite material with reasonable computational efficiency for large scale simulations. To address this problem, novel shell formulations have been incorporated within Los Alamos National Laboratory's implementation of the combined finite-discrete element method, called HOSS (Hybrid Optimization Software Suite). In this numerical study, these new finite element formulations are utilized for modeling thin concrete and metal linings for applications in building construction. Both unreinforced and reinforced concrete can be modeled with this method which opens the door for addressing many practical applications. 1. INTRODUCTION Since its inception, the combined finite discrete element method (FDEM) has become a tool of choice to address a variety of problems involving fracture and fragmentation processes in solids. FDEM combines the strengths of the finite element method (FEM) and the discrete element method (DEM). The key advantage of FDEM is the utilization of finite strain-based deformability combined with suitable constitutive material laws which are then merged with discrete element based transient dynamics, contact detection, contact interaction solutions, and objective discrete crack initiation and crack propagation solutions (Munjiza, 2004). The comparison of DEM and FEM with a schematic visualization of FDEM is shown in Fig. 1. In FDEM, the solid bodies are modeled as a collection of deformable particles that are bonded with each other (Rougier et al., 2014), Fig. 1. These solid bodies (called discrete elements) are discretized into finite elements where their finite displacements and rotations are assumed a priori (Munjiza, 2004; Munjiza et al., 2011, 2015). The bonding is numerically represented with cohesion points along the boundaries of the deformable particles (Rougier et al., 2014). The cohesion of these bonds is a combination of normal cohesion and tangential cohesion. When an FDEM model experiences fracture, failure, or fragmentation and the material is exposed to high enough levels of stress, these bonds become increasingly strained until they reach their ultimate strengths and eventually break resulting in the adjacent finite elements to also become unbonded (Rougier et al., 2014). The single discrete element domains are transformed into interacting domains upon which discretized contact solutions can be used for both contact detection and contact interaction (Knight et al., 2020).
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Shoji, Yasumasa. "Things to Concern for Finite Element Analyses." In ASME 2015 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2015-45718.

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Recently FEA (Finite Element Analysis) is used in various engineering fields such as for design, verification, validation trouble-shooting and other applications. As the more users are treating FEA, the quality of analyses has become the larger issue. Finite Element Method (FEM) is just a calculation method to reproduce physical phenomena, and it has functional limitation in nature. As the software becomes more and more user-friendly, the limitation is hidden in the operation. However, as the limitation still exists in principle, users must be aware of it when using the FEA software. This paper will address about the issues that we are easily trapped in modeling, such as element selection, boundary conditions and other conditions.
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Amir-Yazdani, Ali, El Mostafa Sekouri, and Yan-Ru Hu. "On the Finite Element Modeling of Smart Structures." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/ad-23733.

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Abstract The present work examines the effectiveness of the experimental, analytical and finite element methods in modeling smart structures. Three modeling approaches are applied to some flexible structures with bonded piezoelectric sensors and actuators. The theoretical approach is limited to simple geometrical structures, the experimental approach is not cost effective for complex geometrical structures, but FEM is very attractive. Overall, the comparisons between the three approaches are fairly good. The good accuracy of FE results are also validated through the two examples selected from the literature (Crawley, 1987; Yousefi-Koma, 1997).
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Sridharala, Srujanbabu, Mohamed B. Trabia, Brendan O'Toole, Vinod Chakka, and Mostafiz Chowdhury. "Optimization of Finite Element Modeling Methodology for Projectile Models." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-15685.

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Gun-fired projectiles are subjected to severe loads over extremely short duration. There is a need to better understand the effects of these loads on components within a projectile. While experimental data can be helpful in understanding projectile launch phenomena, collecting such data is usually difficult. There are also limitations on the reliability of sensors under these circumstances. Finite element modeling (FEM) can be used to model the projectile launch event. Currently, engineers usually use large number of elements to accurately model the projectile launch event, which results in an extremely long computational time. FEM results in these cases are always subject to questions regarding accuracy of the results and proof of mesh stability This paper presents an expert system that can reduce computational time needed to perform FEM of gun-fired projectiles. The proposed approach can result in reducing computational time while ensuring that accuracy of results is not affected. Recommendations of the expert system are reached through two stages. In the first stage, an equivalent projectile with simple geometry is created to reduce the complexity of the model. In the second stage, parameters controlling mesh density of the equivalent projectile are used as variables in an optimization scheme with the objective of reducing computational time. Accuracy of the acceleration results from an optimized model with respect to a model with an extremely fine mesh is used as an inequality constraint within the optimization search. A projectile model meshed with aspect ratios obtained from the optimization search produces good agreement with the finite element results of the original densely-meshed projectile model while significantly reducing computational time. It is anticipated that this approach can make it easier to conduct parametric analysis or optimization studies for projectile design.
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Shirkhodaie, Amir, and John Dubeck. "Physics-Based Modeling of Bearing Based on Finite Element Modeling Technique." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-42500.

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The physical condition of rolling element ball bearings can be estimated using analytical and empirical methods or predicted grossly using artificial intelligence techniques such as expert systems, fuzzy logic, and neural network, etc. When the operational condition of a bearing is dynamic and there is a need to determine the actual stresses and tolerances of the bearing concisely, then it is wiser to develop a physics-based model of the bearing using finite element modeling (FEM) techniques. Applying such FEM techniques, one can virtually examine any of the possible mechanical characteristics of different types and sizes of ball bearings operating under different speeds and environmental conditions. Understanding such mechanical characteristics is crucial to accurate fault diagnosis of the bearings in practice. For example, such mechanical characteristics can be digitized or mathematically modeled in order to reduce the computational extent of the analysis as well as serve as a reference look-up table for better and faster fault diagnosis purposes than current practices. It can also be applied to determine the remaining useful life of the ball bearing more precisely. In this paper, we present our technical approach toward the development of a physics-based finite element model of rolling element bearings and provide some examples based on results of this research effort.
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Duprez, M., V. Lleras та A. Lozinski. "φ-FEM: a Finite Element Method on Domains Defined by Level-Sets". У 10th International Conference on Adaptative Modeling and Simulation. CIMNE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23967/admos.2021.081.

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Reports on the topic "Finite Element Modeling (FEM)"

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Zhu, Minjie, and Michael Scott. Two-Dimensional Debris-Fluid-Structure Interaction with the Particle Finite Element Method. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/gsfh8371.

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In addition to tsunami wave loading, tsunami-driven debris can cause significant damage to coastal infrastructure and critical bridge lifelines. Using numerical simulations to predict loads imparted by debris on structures is necessary to supplement the limited number of physical experiments of in-water debris loading. To supplement SPH-FEM (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics-Finite Element Method) simulations described in a companion PEER report, fluid-structure-debris simulations using the Particle Finite Element Method (PFEM) show the debris modeling capabilities in OpenSees. A new contact element simulates solid to solid interaction with the PFEM. Two-dimensional simulations are compared to physical experiments conducted in the Oregon State University Large Wave Flume by other researchers and the formulations are extended to three-dimensional analysis. Computational times are reported to compare the PFEM simulations with other numerical methods of modeling fluid-structure interaction (FSI) with debris. The FSI and debris simulation capabilities complement the widely used structural and geotechnical earthquake simulation capabilities of OpenSees and establish the foundation for multi-hazard earthquake and tsunami simulation to include debris.
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Pasupuleti, Murali Krishna. Mathematical Modeling for Machine Learning: Theory, Simulation, and Scientific Computing. National Education Services, 2025. https://doi.org/10.62311/nesx/rriv125.

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Abstract Mathematical modeling serves as a fundamental framework for advancing machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) by integrating theoretical, computational, and simulation-based approaches. This research explores how numerical optimization, differential equations, variational inference, and scientific computing contribute to the development of scalable, interpretable, and efficient AI systems. Key topics include convex and non-convex optimization, physics-informed machine learning (PIML), partial differential equation (PDE)-constrained AI, and Bayesian modeling for uncertainty quantification. By leveraging finite element methods (FEM), computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and reinforcement learning (RL), this study demonstrates how mathematical modeling enhances AI-driven scientific discovery, engineering simulations, climate modeling, and drug discovery. The findings highlight the importance of high-performance computing (HPC), parallelized ML training, and hybrid AI approaches that integrate data-driven and model-based learning for solving complex real-world problems. Keywords Mathematical modeling, machine learning, scientific computing, numerical optimization, differential equations, PDE-constrained AI, variational inference, Bayesian modeling, convex optimization, non-convex optimization, reinforcement learning, high-performance computing, hybrid AI, physics-informed machine learning, finite element methods, computational fluid dynamics, uncertainty quantification, simulation-based AI, interpretable AI, scalable AI.
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Seaman. PR-185-07701-R01 Evaluation of Magnetic Pulse Welding for Improved Casing Repair. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010701.

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Alternative repair methods for natural gas storage well casings are required to lower the costs of casing repairs and to reduce operational constraints that result from repair methods that reduce the cross sectional area of the casing. The objective of this project is to determine the feasibility of expansion mode magnetic pulse welding (MPW) to affect improved casing repair. Finite element modeling (FEM) was used to develop an expansion welding coil system and to simulate its performance. The critical welding velocity was determined and preliminary MPW parameters identified, thus validating the theoretical feasibility of expansion MPW of steel. One coil system was designed; two coil systems were fabricated and experimentally evaluated. Welding trials indicated that the current coil design is not able to produce sufficient kinetic energy at the interface to produce a weld. Based on the performance of this coil design, three additional coil designs have been identified for future welding trials.
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Perez-Rivera, Anthony, Jonathan Trovillion, Peter Stynoski, and Jeffrey Ryan. Simulated barge impacts on fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) composite sandwich panels : dynamic finite element analysis (FEA) to develop force time histories to be used on experimental testing. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48080.

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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the dynamic response of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite sandwich panels subjected to typical barge impact masses and velocities to develop force time histories that can be used in controlled experimental testing. Dynamic analyses were performed on FRP composite sandwich panels using the finite element method software Abaqus/Explicit. The “traction-separation” law in the Abaqus software is used to define the cohesive surface interaction properties to evaluate the damage between FRP composite laminate layers as well as the core separation within the sandwich panels. Numerical models were developed to better under-stand the damage caused by barge impacts and the effects of impacts on the dynamic response of composite structures. Force, displacement, and velocity time histories were obtained with finite element modeling for several mass and velocity cases to develop experimental testing procedures for these types of structures.
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Zhang, Xingyu, Matteo Ciantia, Jonathan Knappett, and Anthony Leung. Micromechanical study of potential scale effects in small-scale modelling of sinker tree roots. University of Dundee, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001235.

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When testing an 1:N geotechnical structure in the centrifuge, it is desirable to choose a large scale factor (N) that can fit the small-scale model in a model container and avoid unwanted boundary effects, however, this in turn may cause scale effects when the structure is overscaled. This is more significant when it comes to small-scale modelling of sinker root-soil interaction, where root-particle size ratio is much lower. In this study the Distinct Element Method (DEM) is used to investigate this problem. The sinker root of a model root system under axial loading was analysed, with both upward and downward behaviour compared with the Finite Element Method (FEM), where the soil is modelled as a continuum in which case particle-size effects are not taken into consideration. Based on the scaling law, with the same prototype scale and particle size distribution, different scale factors/g-levels were applied to quantify effects of the ratio of root diameter (𝑑𝑟) to mean particle size (𝐷50) on the root rootsoil interaction.
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Lokke, Arnkjell, and Anil Chopra. Direct-Finite-Element Method for Nonlinear Earthquake Analysis of Concrete Dams Including Dam–Water–Foundation Rock Interaction. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/crjy2161.

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Evaluating the seismic performance of concrete dams requires nonlinear dynamic analysis of two- or three-dimensional dam–water–foundation rock systems that include all the factors known to be significant in the earthquake response of dams. Such analyses are greatly complicated by interaction between the structure, the impounded reservoir and the deformable foundation rock that supports it, and the fact that the fluid and foundation domains extend to large distances. Presented in this report is the development of a direct finite-element (FE) method for nonlinear earthquake analysis of two- and three-dimensional dam–water–foundation rock systems. The analysis procedure applies standard viscous-damper absorbing boundaries to model the semi-unbounded fluid and foundation domains, and specifies at these boundaries effective earthquake forces determined from a ground motion defined at a control point on the ground surface. This report is organized in three parts, with a common notation list, references, and appendices at the end of the report. Part I develops the direct FE method for 2D dam–water–foundation rock systems. The underlying analytical framework of treating dam–water–foundation rock interaction as a scattering problem, wherein the dam perturbs an assumed "free-field" state of the system, is presented, and by applying these concepts to a bounded FE model with viscous-damper boundaries to truncate the semi-unbounded domains, the analysis procedure is derived. Step-by-step procedures for computing effective earthquake forces from analysis of two 1D free-field systems are presented, and the procedure is validated by computing frequency response functions and transient response of an idealized dam–water–foundation rock system and comparing against independent benchmark results. This direct FE method is generalized to 3D systems in Part II of this report. While the fundamental concepts of treating interaction as a scattering problem are similar for 2D and 3D systems, the derivation and implementation of the method for 3D systems is much more involved. Effective earthquake forces must now be computed by analyzing a set of 1D and 2D systems derived from the boundaries of the free-field systems, which requires extensive book-keeping and data transfer for large 3D models. To reduce these requirements and facilitate implementation of the direct FE method for 3D systems, convenient simplifications of the procedure are proposed and their effectiveness demonstrated. Part III of the report proposes to use the direct FE method for conducting the large number of nonlinear response history analyses (RHAs) required for performance-based earthquake engineering (PBEE) of concrete dams, and discusses practical modeling considerations for two of the most influential aspects of these analyses: nonlinear mechanisms and energy dissipation (damping). The findings have broad implications for modeling of energy dissipation and calibration of damping values for concrete dam analyses. At the end of Part III, the direct FE method is implemented with a commercial FE program and used to compute the nonlinear response of an actual arch dam. These nonlinear results, although limited in their scope, demonstrate the capabilities and effectiveness of the direct FE method to compute the types of nonlinear engineering response quantities required for PBEE of concrete dams.
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Jung. L52232 Weld Metal Cooling Rate Prediction of Narrow Groove Pipeline Girth Welds FEA Modeling. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011321.

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As part of a larger, DoT-sponsored program to develop optimized weld metal chemistries for X80 and X100, a finite-element approach was used to predict weld metal cooling rates and to provide a better understanding of the factors which influence them. The models can then be used to predict how changes in the welding procedure will affect the cooling rates of the weld joints. The changes in the welding procedure can include the joint details, the heat input of the weld as well as the preheating temperature. The predicted cooling rate from the model will be used as input, along with the weld metal chemistries, to predict the weld metal microstructure and mechanical properties of a completed weld. The cooling rate model and microstructure prediction subroutine will aid in the development of optimized welding consumables that will improve the weldability of X80 and X100 pipelines.
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Alexander, Chris. PR-562-184500-R01 Feasibility Study of Piggable Plug Technologies for Onshore Pressure Isolation. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011665.

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Pipeline isolation tools from three different manufacturers were evaluated using full-scale testing and numerical modeling to evaluate stresses generated in 24-inch diameter pipe material considering tool-induced loads and internal pressure. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was conducted to calculate stresses and strains considering different pipe sizes, material grades, and internal pressures. The FEA results were used to generate a user-friendly parametric tool that was validated with measurements made using strain gauges installed on the test spools. The program demonstrated that the isolation tools are an effective means for isolating pressures without inducing excessive levels of stress or damage to the internal pipe surfaces.
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Leis, Brian, Xian-Kui Zhu, and Tom McGaughy. PR-185-143600-R01 Assessment of Corrosion Model Error for Metal-loss Defects in Pipelines. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011031.

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This project assessed the modeling error of current Level 1 corrosion criteria of ASME B31G and Modified B31G by quantifying the role of the shape factor (SF) and the bulging factor (BF) as causes for large scatter of failure predictions. The goal was to minimize the error and to reduce the conservatism in those corrosion assessment models and potentially reduce unwarranted maintenance efforts without increasing operator risk. Extensive elastic-plastic finite element analyses (FEA) were performed on corroded pipes in three-dimensional conditions for a wide range of corrosion defect shapes and sizes, pipe geometries, grades, and material properties. The FEA results were trended as the basis to reformulate a new corrosion criterion.
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Dolbow, John, Ziyu Zhang, Benjamin Spencer, and Wen Jiang. Fracture Capabilities in Grizzly with the extended Finite Element Method (X-FEM). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1244633.

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