Relevant bibliographies by topics / Finland, description and travel

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Finland, description and travel'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 27 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Finland, description and travel"

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Salenius, Sirpa. "Frances Willard's Peep at Finland." Journal of Finnish Studies 16, no. 1 (August 1, 2012): 59–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/28315081.16.1.05.

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Abstract This article examines Frances Willard's first transatlantic tour of 1868–70, which played a key role in the development of her career. Her concern for improving the situation of women matured during her travels to European capitals and as far north as Helsinki, Finland. “A Peep at Finland” is one of the few travel articles that Willard published of the tour. In that article, she recorded her impressions of Finland's cities and their inhabitants. Her writing employs common travel-writing strategies, while her descriptions reflect dominant nineteenth-century American beliefs. After her tour, Willard became a prominent figure, working locally, nationally, and internationally within various reform organizations dedicated to women's causes. Her efforts to improve the situation of women are still recognized in countries like Finland.
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Buholce, Sarmīte. "Igaunijas un Somijas kultūrtelpu dialogs Ādolfa Ersa publicistikā." Aktuālās problēmas literatūras un kultūras pētniecībā: rakstu krājums, no. 25 (March 4, 2020): 236–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.37384/aplkp.2020.25.236.

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Ādolfs Erss (1885–1945) is a journalist in the 20s and 30s of the 20th century. He works and publishes in several newspapers “Līdums”, “Latvijas Sargs”, “Kopdarbība”, “Latvis”, “Jaunākās Ziņas”. As the special representative of the newspaper “Pēdējē Brīdī”, he travels to the Baltic States, gets acquainted with the countries and allows the reader to use the publicity material as a mental map to distance travel. In order to enrich the creative impressions, the intellectuals use the opportunity to travel during this period. The broadness of the vision, the extension of the geographical space, the inclusion of literary influences and impressions in their texts create innovations in the works of many writers. Erss is also experimenting with his texts: he is looking for new forms to compile the quality of cognition in history, geography, economy, and culture of different nations with his impressions and experiences. The emotional background symbiosis with factual material in Erss’ publications represents the cultural space of the era. It is important to look at a set of publications for each topos, for Estonia and Finland, to track their reception in the literary space of the modernist artistic system. The author puts the spotlight on writing as a priority, of different cultural space. The strategy of texts includes the parallelism of cultures of different countries, including Latvia, which is revealed through the various narrative patterns typical for Erss: travel descriptions and notes, letters from a “special correspondent”. The topicalities of national history, geography, economic life, literature and art are permeated by the possible paths of cultural parallels, rapprochement and cooperation. In his publications, Erss created the testimony of the era, justifying the idea of cooperation and rapprochement between cultures of different nations.
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Rybár, Olivér. "„Úgy nézek ki, mint Bernard Shaw?” Egy geográfus és a Nobel-díj – Cholnoky Jenő 1933. évi svédországi és norvégiai útja." Modern Geográfia 18, no. 3 (October 2023): 53–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15170/mg.2023.18.03.04.

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Geographer, Jenő Cholnoky (1870–1950) visited Scandinavian countries three times during his life. During his first trip, between July 7–26, 1901. reached Finland, then in 1910 he travelled on the Scandinavian peninsula. He did not give a lecture at that time. The outstanding result of the year 1910 trip was a week of field research work spent on Spitsbergen (now Svalbard), where the conference audience of around 70 people toured the island together with local professional management. At the beginning of 1933, he reached Sweden and Norway again. He gave a total of four lectures in Stockholm, Gothenburg and Oslo. He spoke to the participants twice about the development of the Hungarian nation, and twice about the development of human cultures. His projected readings took place with great interest and press coverage. After his travel to Sweden and his autobiographical memoir, the legend about the scientist’s alleged nomination for the Nobel Prize took off. The veracity of these stories can now be refuted. The detailed description of his 1933 trip has not been presented before, the reconstruction of the trip was aided by previously unknown materials from the scientist’s legacy.
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Isola, Riina, Jenni Eckhardt, and Toni Lusikka. "Workplace travel planning: Case Finland." Transportation Research Procedia 72 (2023): 743–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2023.11.463.

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Salenius, Sirpa. "Reflections of Home in Nineteenth-Century American Travel Writing of Finland." Journal of Finnish Studies 16, no. 2 (May 1, 2013): 5–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/28315081.16.2.03.

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Abstract In the nineteenth century, Americans generally knew very little about Finland, which functioned primarily as a transitory halt for a small number of American travelers crossing from Sweden to Russia proper. As Finland never became a fashionable destination, the number of visitors remained small and the amount of time spent there brief. This essay examines American travel guides and magazine articles about travel in Finland, then a Grand Duchy of Russia, to argue that the portrayal of this marginal nation confirmed the values, beliefs, and ideologies of their American authors. Hence, although these nineteenth-century American travel texts focus on Finland and its people, the texts tend to reveal the American idealization of such concepts as whiteness and masculinity, intelligence, religiousness, and cleanliness. In this way, the images that nineteenth-century American travel writers construct of Finland are charged with a reflection constructed of the writers’ own nation.
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Sjögren, Jussi, Hanne Tiikkaja, and Steve O'Hern. "Travel barriers affecting subjective wellbeing in Tampere, Finland." Liikenne-vuosikirja 6 (February 9, 2024): 76–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.58956/liikenne.142997.

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Travel is an important activity enabling everyday life, as well as a recognised factor for the wellbeing of people. This study examined how experienced travel barriers and their effect on access to important destinations influenced subjective wellbeing (SWB). The study comprised a survey of 772 people living in two suburban areas of Tampere, Finland. The survey included questions about everyday travel, travel barriers, and their effect on access to destinations. SWB was measured using the Personal Wellbeing Index (PWI). Responses were analysed by comparing PWI scores with travel barriers and access to destinations using one way ANOVA. Results indicate a significant connection between several experienced barriers and SWB. Some travel barriers were associated with a worrying decline to critically low level of SWB, which raised questions about transport equity and connections between travel and wellbeing in the context of Finnish transport system.
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Lauén, Kirsi. "Facing the Otherness: Crossing the Finnish-Soviet Estonian Border as Narrated by Finnish Tourists." Culture Unbound 6, no. 6 (December 15, 2014): 1123–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/cu.2000.1525.1461123.

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This study examines Finnish travellers’ experiences of travelling across the sea frontier between Finland and Soviet Estonia during the period of 1965–1991. The article focuses on the narratives of Finnish tourists about border crossings and cultural encounters. The analysis concentrates on travellers’ relations and conceptions of the former Soviet Estonia and their descriptions of facing cultural otherness during their travels. The concept of otherness is used as an analytical tool to interpret the narratives.
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Lonergan, David. "Lemuria—Description and Travel." Community & Junior College Libraries 15, no. 3 (July 20, 2009): 159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02763910902979486.

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Callister, Lynn Clark, Sirkka Lauri, and Katri Vehvilainen-Julkunen. "A Description of Birth in Finland." MCN, The American Journal of Maternal/Child Nursing 25, no. 3 (May 2000): 146–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005721-200005000-00008.

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Antti, Honkanen, and Pekka Mustonen. "Tourism consumption revisited - An empirical study of Finnish consumers." Finnish Journal of Social Research 1 (December 15, 2008): 43–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.51815/fjsr.110681.

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According to postmodern theories, social divisions are based on identity and lifestyle rather than on sociodemographic background. In this paper, the effects of these both were examined. Tourism consumption was divided into two dimensions, tourism consumption and desire to travel more. Empirical analysis were based on two nation-wide surveys, Finland 1999 and Finland 2004. Sociodemographic factors were assumed to influence more on tourism consumption than on desire to travel more. The results were somewhat parallel with the hypothesis. However, both demographics and lifestyle determinants should be taken into account. The effects have remained quite stable regardless of the finding that desire to travel more has decreased while tourism consumption has increased.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Finland, description and travel"

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Pekkarinen, S. (Saara). "Economic analysis of travelling:studies on travel behaviour in Finland." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2005. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514279557.

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Abstract A great deal of research in transportation economics has been motivated by the need to solve traffic congestion problems and to diminish negative environmental effects of road transport. The question, whether the economic measures are efficient, motivates this dissertation on the value of travel time, the rules of optimal pricing and the demands for public transportation and private car use. Three concepts of the marginal value of travel time (MVT) are specified in this thesis. The first concept involves only the direct disutility of the travel time to work in addition to the utility of market goods and leisure. The second concept also includes the disutility from the time spent at work. The third concept furthermore takes into account the effect of the length of working hours, travel time, cost and income. The length of travel time, gender, family structure and flexibility of working hours have different effects on empirical MVTs, but travel costs and income affect them in a similar fashion. The pricing decisions of the firms providing bus services are analysed with and without public subsidies. The consumption externality, i.e. the quantity demanded by other users, affects the individual bus demand. The results indicate that under uniform pricing, a socially optimal subsidy equals the increase in consumer's surplus minus the fare revenue lost from current users due to lower fare. Under nonlinear pricing, the optimal pricing can be achieved when the regulator sets the subsidy so that it is inversely proportional to the network elasticity. The welfare loss due to increasing tax burden and the opportunity cost of providing cash fare service is also taken into account in the optimal pricing rule. A model of bus demand with asymmetric information on the characteristics of bus users is developed. The model allows for habit formation and network effects. The latter effect is due to the positive influence of the aggregate demand for Regional Bus Cards (RBC) on an individual's own demand. The empirical results indicate that in RBC services positive network effects are present and the elasticity of network size is less than one, which implies that the regional bus card is an impure public good. The own price elasticity of RBC in the short run is within the range of -0.3 and -1.1. The demand for RBC cards is more elastic than demand for RBC trips or passenger kilometres. The estimated price elasticity of urban bus demand is in line with that of RBC. A reasonably high cross-price elasticity of RBC trips and the ticket of 40 trips but a lower reverse elasticity were found. A weakly separable demand for car mileage from car ownership and labour supply was rejected as was the exogeneity of car ownership in the mileage model. Therefore, the price elasticity of car mileage with respect to fuel price was estimated from the two equation model of car mileage with endogenous car ownership. The estimated parameters of the Tobit model are consistent but slightly higher than those estimated from the least squares. The fuel price elasticity varies from -0.2 to -0.9 with exogenous and endogenous car ownership, respectively. The findings of this study can be applied in the analysis and implementation of different pricing and subsidy schemes for public transportation, as well as in the evaluation of the effectiveness of economic instruments for managing the growth of private car use.
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Dömötör, Ildikó. "Gentlewomen in the bush : a historical interpretation of British women's personal narratives in nineteenth-century rural Australia." Monash University, School of Political and Social Inquiry, 2004. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5283.

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Patkar, Manjiri. "Virtual imagery in nineteenth century French travel narratives perception and description of architectural space /." Diss., University of Iowa, 2002. http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/192.

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Petrycer, Josefina, and Jesper Levén. "Learning from Finnish food culture : Using food culture as a way to investigate Finnishness and translating it into architecture." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-168736.

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Frågeställning Hur översätter man och representerar ett lands kultur genom arkitektur?  Går det att skapa en mer lättillgänglig arkitektur genom vår metod och ingång? Ingång/Metod Genom en folklig ingång studera landets matkultur/traditioner kring mat samt tillhörande miljöer lära sig om landet. Tillämpning Finska institutet är en kulturinstitution avsedd att främja finsk kultur och sprida denna i Sverige. Den kultur som representeras idag kan kompletteras med en mer direkt och upplevelsebaserad approach. Genom att ta del av landets okända matkultur skapas en enkel ingång för gemene man att få en första upplevelse utav landet.  Resultatet En finsk restaurang, bar och utställningslokal i Finska institutets bottenvåning i centrala Stockholm samt en bok om finsk matkultur och dess arkitektur. Lokalerna i det ritade förslaget är gestaltade utifrån en upplevelsebaserad metod som handlar om att studera folkliga traditioner och karaktärsdrag, med avstamp i landets matkultur. I egenskap av arkitekter ger vi dessa teman och ledord dess materialitet, rumslighet och atmosfär.
Question formulation How do one interpret and represent a countrys’ culture through architecture? Is it possible to create a more easily accessible architecture through our method and starting point? Starting point/Method Through a vernacular starting point study the countrys  food culture and traditions and their environments learn more about the country. Application The Finnish Institute is a cultural institution working and promoting Finnish culture in Sweden. The culture exhibited at the institute today could be complemented with a more direct and experiential approach. By taking part of the countrys’ fairly unknown food culture an easy access is created for everyone to get a first experience of the country. Result A Finnish restaurant, bar and event space and gallery at the ground floor of the Finnish Institutes house in central Stockholm. The rooms are configured by using a experiential method to investigate vernacular traditions and characteristics, with starting point in the Finnish food culture. As architects we are giving these rooms themes which configures their materiality, spatiality and atmosphere.
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Kotzé, Louis Jacobus Daniël. "An investigation into the coverage of diverse forms of tourism in South African travel magazines." Thesis, University of Port Elizabeth, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/339.

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There have been several changes in tourism in South Africa since 1994. During apartheid, black people were not allowed to become involved in important aspects of tourism, particularly at management level. However, this situation is changing and all cultures are gradually becoming engaged in th e tourism industry. The economic progress of the black community has resulted in the materialization of cultural villages, tourism projects to give rural people jobs, and an increase in township tourist attractions, heritage tours, etc. These initiatives have led to the establishment of certain types of tourism such as cultural tourism, urban tourism and community-based tourism. It could be said without hesitation, at the prescientific level, that the diversity in cultures, for one, is a major attraction of this country. Another change has been the increase in tourism from countries which have been excluded from South Africa in the past. Examples of these are African countries such as Kenya and Nigeria, as well as countries on other continents, including India, Bangladesh and the East-European bloc. Up to 2003/4, South Africa experienced the longest uninterrupted period of economic growth in its history. This resulted in people being able to afford a higher standard of living and therefore having more money to spend on travelling. as the economic growth stimulated the growth of tourism, both local and foreign, in the country. Seen from the perspective of the tourism industry, it is important to keep the public informed and up to date about what a country has to offer in order to maintain the increase in tourism. The media assist in this process. The travelling public is informed by word of mouth, but also through newspapers, magazines, television and radio. Information about the different attractions, whether cultures, wildlife or sport, et cetera, would not always be easy to find, were it not for the media. As tourism grows, more tourist attractions will develop, with a bigger need for tourists to be informed as an immediate result. The role of the media in this information giving is th erefore constantly on the increase.
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Spyker, Stephen K. "Spirituality and technology on the Appalachian Trail : a study in frontiers." Virtual Press, 2004. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1290777.

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Haubenstricker, Daniel L. "Images of Madison, Indiana : a method for tourism planning in historic places." Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/450105.

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The goal of the thesis is to plan for tourism in a historic community in a manner that would enrich the experiences of its visitors and residents. In order to avoid tourism's undesirable impacts, a method is presented to document residents' and visitors' problems and the improvements they desire, and to describe and compare their images of Madison.Data collection begins with structured interviews followed by a questionnaire distributed to random samples of residents and visitors. The results of the questionnaire analysis establish the residents' and visitors' images. The two images are compared using statistical tests to identify the places with greatest, moderate, and least image differences. Out of the twenty-six places tested, eleven show significant image differences.The image findings are incorporated into the site analysis for tourism. Objectives for tourism are expressed in a concept diagram, and then refined in a conceptual plan. The accompanying recommendations outline policies for proposed facilities, visitor-resident relations, and environmental education.
Department of Landscape Architecture
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Diamond, Katherine. "Reducing these loose papers into this order : a bibliographical sociology of the Principall Navigations (1589)." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2012. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8362.

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This thesis takes the first edition of Principall Navigations, Voiages and Discoveries of the English Nation (1589) as its focus. A significant, sixteenth-century printed text and Richard Hakluyt’s major work, it is familiar to scholars of the period. Its rich archival source has aided understanding of early modern geography, English discovery and cultural encounters. It has also been evaluated in relation to Hakluyt’s substantial contribution to the burgeoning literature of vernacular prose and to imperial expansionism. My thesis conceives a social history of the production, transmission and reception of Principall Navigations from bibliographical analysis, an investigative method that has remained largely untapped. In each chapter, I incorporate information drawn from the material text into an appreciation of historical practice and relocate Principall Navigations more precisely in its socio-historical moment. This engages with and, in some cases, destabilizes current critical positions. In the first chapter, I explore the importance of Hakluyt’s patrons. Francis Walsingham’s essential role is recorded through his connection with the various interdependent networks of people involved in the book’s production and Hakluyt’s description of his ‘prescribed limites’. This chapter re-evaluates authorial subjectivity. In chapter two, Walsingham’s authority over the Queen’s printing house generally and the production of Principall Navigations particularly is traced through the examination of the Stationers’ Company archive and the evolution of the office of the royal printer. This chapter contends that Walsingham commanded the production of Principall Navigations. Chapter three represents a bibliographical study which integrates the production of Principall Navigations into the Queen’s printers’ general work patterns and investigates textual variants and paper-stocks. The date of the interpolation of the Drake leaves is posited with reference to the debate concerning their suppression. The final chapter explores the relationship between early modern readers and empirical records, through historical reading practice, and concludes by evaluating the location of discursive authority.
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Trépanier, Stéphane. "Description de l'incidence et de certains facteurs de risque de la malaria, l'hépatite A, la typhoïde et la shigellose chez les voyageurs québécois." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5963.

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Au Québec, en 2007, plus de 1 384 000 voyages internationaux ont été effectués. Ce nombre est 50 % plus élevé qu'il ne l'était en 2000. Conséquemment, le comité consultatif québécois sur la santé des voyageurs (CCQSV) a émis, comme priorité en 2008, de dresser un portrait actuel de l'épidémiologie et du fardeau lié aux maladies acquises en voyage. OBJECTIFS Décrire l'épidémiologie des 4 maladies à l'étude au Québec, entre 2004 et 2007. Secondairement, comparer certains résultats avec une étude antérieure pour 3 de ces maladies et valider une variable nommée "ÉPISODE ACQUIS HORS QUÉBEC" ajoutée au fichier provincial des maladies à déclaration obligatoire (MADO) en 2003. DEVIS : Étude descriptive transversale des cas de fièvre typhoïde, d'hépatite A, de malaria et de shigellose. DONNÉES ET MÉTHODOLOGIE: Les cas des quatre maladies à l'étude, inscrits dans le fichier MADO, entre les années 2004 et 2007, ont été analysés avec l'information disponible dans les enquêtes épidémiologiques. Pour les cas de shigellose, un échantillonnage a eu lieu. Les variables ont été colligées par un seul évaluateur à l'aide d'une grille pré-testée. La qualité des données a été validée par une double collecte et une double saisie. Lorsque possible, les données concernant l'ensemble des voyageurs, et non seulement les cas, ont été tirées des données sur les voyages internationaux de STATISTIQUE CANADA. La sensibilité et la spécificité de la variable "épisode acquis hors Québec" ont été calculées en comparant l'information inscrite au fichier MADO avec celle des questionnaires d'enquête épidémiologique des directions de santé publique, considérés comme l'étalon or. L'étude de Provost et al. (2006) a été utilisée aux fins de comparaisons. RÉSULTATS: La proportion de cas liés aux voyages a été calculée : malaria (78,3 %), fièvre typhoïde (73,4 %), shigellose (50 %) et hépatite A (35,8 %). Le nombre de cas déclarés durant la période varie de 55 cas pour la fièvre typhoïde à 760 cas pour la shigellose. L'incidence annuelle moyenne (par 100 000 personnes) liée aux voyages pour la période 2004-2007 est de 0,59 pour la malaria, 0,13 pour la fièvre typhoïde, 0,49 pour la shigellose et 0,44 pour l'hépatite A. Les immigrants qui retournent visiter la famille et les amis (VFA). sont importants en proportion chez les cas de malaria (52,9 %). Les cas d'hépatite A surviennent davantage durant les voyages de plus de deux semaines (75,6 %). Une proportion importante des cas d'hépatite A provient de l'Afrique (28,3 %). Le sous-continent indien obtient le rapport du nombre de cas sur le nombre de voyages le plus élevé pour la fièvre typhoïde, l'hépatite A et la shigellose. La shigellose se démarque des autres maladies avec une majorité de cas chez les touristes (76,1 %) et les cas surviennent principalement lors de courts séjours d'une semaine ou moins (39,6 %). La variable "ÉPISODE ACQUIS HORS QUÉBEC" du fichier MADO présente encore une proportion importante de dossiers ou l'information est inconnue (28,6 %) pour les maladies à l'étude. En excluant les données inconnues, la variable présente une sensibilité de 97,5 % et une spécificité de 98,5 %. Comparativement à la période 2000-2002, la proportion de cas chez les VFA a augmentée pour la malaria et la fièvre typhoïde. La proportion de cas de malaria contractés en Afrique sub-saharienne a aussi augmentée (87,2 % vs 72 % en 2000-2002). CONCLUSIONS Les 4 maladies à l'étude sont encore des maladies fréquentes chez les voyageurs internationaux québécois. Les voyageurs à destination de l'Afrique et du sous-continent indien méritent une attention spéciale, tout particulièrement les voyageurs du type VFA. Les touristes devraient être avisés du risque de shigellose malgré la vaccination contre d'autres maladies. Il est recommandé d'uniformiser le format des questionnaires d'enquête au niveau provincial et de sensibiliser les professionnels à l'importance de saisir le pays d'acquisition au fichier MADO. Malgré l'excellente sensibilité et spécificité de la variable, il est conseillé de l'utiliser avec prudence.
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Girardin, Jordan. "Travel in the Alps : the construction of a transnational space through digital and mental mapping (c. 1750s-1850s)." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/10648.

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The period between the 1750s and 1830s witnessed a major change in travel practices in Europe, moving away from the traditional Grand Tour and focusing more on natural places, their visual power, and their influence on individual emotions. Such changes meant that the Alps ceased to be seen as a natural obstacle that had to be crossed in order to access Italy, and became a place to explore and a mountainous space par excellence. This thesis addresses the importance of mental mapping in travel literature and its impact on the construction of the Alps as a transnational space, which eventually facilitated the creation of a viable touristic market in the Alps as we know it today. The first part of the thesis analyses the transformation of the Alps from a natural frontier to a border region explored by travellers and their networks. The second part discusses the consequences of these changes on mental mapping and spatial representations of the Alps by travellers: it highlights the way external visitors often had very subjective interpretations of what the Alps meant as a term and a place, and conveyed those to other travellers through travel writing. Finally, the third part of this work investigates the development of an Alpine myth as a product of these shifting mental representations: the Alps became a set of expectations, typical images, and encounters to be expected.
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Books on the topic "Finland, description and travel"

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Salokorpi, Sinikka. Finland. Oslo: SFG, 2001.

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Suikkari, Raimo. Finland today. [Espoo, Finland]: RKS Tietopalvelu, 2000.

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Meichun, Zhong, and Meichun Zhong. Finland. Milwaukee, Wis: G. Stevens, 2001.

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Loe, Erlend. Fakta om Finland. [Oslo]: Cappelen, 2001.

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Symington, Andy. Finland. 5th ed. Footscray, Vic: Lonely Planet, 2006.

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Symington, Andy. Finland. 7th ed. Footscray, Vic: Lonely Planet, 2012.

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United States. Dept. of State. Office of Public Communication, ed. Background notes, Finland. Washington, DC: U.S. Dept. of State, Bureau of Public Affairs, Office of Public Communication, 1996.

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Costa, Riitta da. Facts about Finland. Helsinki [Finland]: Otava Pub. Co., 1987.

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Heikkilä, Tapio. Landscapes of Finland. Helsinki: Otava, 2001.

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Leney, Terttu. Finland. Portland, Or: Graphic Arts Center Pub., 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Finland, description and travel"

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Zhiri, Oumelbanine. "Leo Africanus’s Description of Africa." In Travel Knowledge, 258–66. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-62233-7_25.

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Reeck, Matt. "Travel in Rachid Djaïdani's Film Sur ma ligne [On My Line] (2006)." In Ethics of Description, 214–28. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003428558-10.

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Peng, Hui, Dan Tan, Yafei Liu, Xuying Wu, and Wenqing Zhang. "Semantic Description and Discovery for Travel Web Services." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 311–18. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34240-0_41.

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Robertson, Ben P. "Description of the Sacred Chapel—The Treasury." In The Travel Writings of John Moore Vol 2, 106–9. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003553113-33.

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Brodie, Allan. "W. Hutton, A Description of Blackpool, in Lancashire (1789)." In Travel and Tourism in Britain, 1700–1914, 363–79. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003113003-41.

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Brodie, Allan. "[T. G.], A Description of the Isle of Thanet (1765)." In Travel and Tourism in Britain, 1700–1914, 145–52. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003113003-19.

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Barton, Susan. "A. E. Hargrove, a Brief Description of Places of Public Interest (1843)." In Travel and Tourism in Britain, 1700–1914, 337–41. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003112976-40.

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Brodie, Allan. "[Anon.], Life Beneath the Waves, and a Description of the Brighton Aquarium (1871)." In Travel and Tourism in Britain, 1700–1914, 347–53. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003112990-55.

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Brodie, Allan. "[T. G.], A Description of the Isle of Thanet, and Particularly of the Town of Margate (1765)." In Travel and Tourism in Britain, 1700–1914, 39–41. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003112990-7.

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Brodie, Allan. "[T. G.], A Description of the Isle of Thanet, and Particularly of the Town of Margate (1765)." In Travel and Tourism in Britain, 1700–1914, 243–44. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003112990-39.

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Conference papers on the topic "Finland, description and travel"

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Czapla, Zbigniew, and Stanislaw Krawiec. "Travel Time Description for Urban Routes Operated with Electric Buses." In 2020 Smart City Symposium Prague (SCSP). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scsp49987.2020.9133867.

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Bagamanova, Margarita, Luigi Brucculeri, Stefano Giovannini, Mario Ciaburri, Vittorio Sangermano, Raffaella Russo, Gabriella Duca, et al. "Extended ATM for Seamless Travel (X-TEAM D2D)." In The First SIMS EUROSIM Conference on Modelling and Simulation, SIMS EUROSIM 2021, and 62nd International Conference of Scandinavian Simulation Society, SIMS 2021, September 21-23, Virtual Conference, Finland. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp21185189.

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Kojo, Matti. "Local Negotiation on Compensation: Siting of the Spent Nuclear Fuel Repository in Finland." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7094.

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The aim of the paper is to analyse the local negotiation process between the Municipality of Eurajoki and the nuclear power company Teollisuuden Voima (TVO) and the nuclear waste management company Posiva Oy. The aim of the negotiations was to find an acceptable form of compensation for siting a spent nuclear fuel repository in Olkiluoto, Finland. The paper includes background information on the siting process in Finland, the local political setting in the Municipality of Eurajoki and a description of the negotiation process. The analysis of the negotiations on compensation is important for better understanding the progress of the Finnish siting process. The paper describes the picture of the contest to host the spent nuclear fuel repository. It also provides more information on the relationship between the Municipality of Eurajoki and the power company TVO. The negotiations on compensation and the roles of various players in the negotiations have not been studied in detail because the minutes of the Vuojoki liaison group were not available before the decision of the Supreme Administrative Court in May 2006.
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Bergstrom, Laura, Kaj J. Grahn, Krister Karlstrom, Goran Pulkkis, and Peik Astrom. "A Virtual Course on Network Security." In 2003 Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2668.

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This paper presents a virtual course on network security. The course has been produced in a production circle of Virtual Polytechnic of Finland. A detailed description of course development and course content is given. The chosen didactical approach is outlined. The graphical design of the learning platform is presented and motivated. The IT technology and the IT infrastructure needed to implement and use the learning platform of the course are described and assessed.
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Bergstrom, Laura, Kaj Grahn, and Goran Pulkkis. "A Virtual Learning Environment for Mobile IP." In InSITE 2006: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3021.

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This paper presents a virtual learning environment for Mobile IP (Internet Protocol). The learning environment has been produced in a production circle of Virtual Polytechnic of Finland. Protocols and mechanisms for secure mobility in the Internet are surveyed. A detailed description of the development of the learning environment and the content of the Mobile IP animation is given. The chosen didactical approach and the graphical design of the learning platform are presented and motivated. The IT technology and the IT infrastructure needed to implement and use the learning platform are also described and assessed.
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Lauerova, Dana, and John Sharples. "STYLE: Comparison of Engineering Assessment Methods." In ASME 2012 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2012-78438.

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The paper presents results of a sub-task of the STYLE project currently running within the 7th Framework EU programme by way of an overview of deterministic engineering assessment methods (EAM) used for evaluation of flawed nuclear plant components, as used in various European countries (Germany, France, UK, Netherlands, Czech Republic, Spain, Finland and Sweden). Within STYLE, several mock-up experiments are being performed on specimens containing structural features. Structural features being considered include (1) dissimilar metal welds, (2) repair welds, and (3) austenitic cladding on a ferritic pipe. The overview thus focuses on the evaluation of flaws contained within each of these three types of features. Information on the procedures and codes applied in the various countries are given: KTA standard, ASME Code in Germany; ZG Appendix of RCC-M, A16 Appendix of RCC-MRx, and App. 5.4–5.6 of RSE-M in France; R6 in the UK; BS7910, R6 in the Netherlands; VERLIFE, ASME Code in the Czech Republic; ASME Code in Spain; SSM Handbook, ASME Code in Finland; and SSM Handbook, ASME Code, ProSACC in Sweden. An overview and brief description of the different methods is included in the paper, highlighting the commonalities and differences among the various approaches.
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Monzikova, Anna, Anna Monzikova, Vladimir Kudryavtsev Vladimir, Vladimir Kudryavtsev Vladimir, Alexander Myasoedov, Alexander Myasoedov, Sergej Zilitinkevich, and Sergej Zilitinkevich. "FEATURES OF WIND FIELD OVER THE SEA SURFACE IN THE COASTAL AREA BASED ON SAR OBSERVATIONS." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b93ce0b9210.21994437.

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“Wind-shadowing” effects in the Gulf of Finland coastal zone are analyzed using high resolution Envisat Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) measurements and model simulations. These effects are related to the internal boundary layer (IBL) development due to abrupt change the surface roughness at the sea-land boundary. Inside the "shadow" areas the airflow accelerates and the surface wind stress increases with the fetch. Such features can be revealed in SAR images as dark areas adjacent to the coastal line. Quantitative description of these effects is important for offshore wind energy resource assessment. It is found that the surface wind stress scaled by its equilibrium value (far from the coast) is universal functions of the dimensionless fetch Xf/G. Wind stress reaches an equilibrium value at the distance Xf/G of about 0.4.
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Monzikova, Anna, Anna Monzikova, Vladimir Kudryavtsev Vladimir, Vladimir Kudryavtsev Vladimir, Alexander Myasoedov, Alexander Myasoedov, Sergej Zilitinkevich, and Sergej Zilitinkevich. "FEATURES OF WIND FIELD OVER THE SEA SURFACE IN THE COASTAL AREA BASED ON SAR OBSERVATIONS." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b431649f3ac.

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“Wind-shadowing” effects in the Gulf of Finland coastal zone are analyzed using high resolution Envisat Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) measurements and model simulations. These effects are related to the internal boundary layer (IBL) development due to abrupt change the surface roughness at the sea-land boundary. Inside the "shadow" areas the airflow accelerates and the surface wind stress increases with the fetch. Such features can be revealed in SAR images as dark areas adjacent to the coastal line. Quantitative description of these effects is important for offshore wind energy resource assessment. It is found that the surface wind stress scaled by its equilibrium value (far from the coast) is universal functions of the dimensionless fetch Xf/G. Wind stress reaches an equilibrium value at the distance Xf/G of about 0.4.
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Kvernland, M., F. Lund, and L. Strømmegjerde. "Keeping Subsea Pipelines Free from Wax and Hydrate Deposits by Use of a Subsea Cooler Unit." In SPE Offshore Europe Conference & Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/215591-ms.

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Abstract This paper presents the "cold flow" technology and tests performed to qualify a subsea concept as a step towards taking the technology into use. By combining subsea cooling and the traditional cold flow seeding method with a novel inductive heating mechanism, all hydrate and wax potential can be converted into small and inert solid particles in a subsea cooler downstream of the wellhead. The particles will travel suspended in the bulk flow at ambient seabed temperature towards the host facility without any additional flow assurance measures, like pipeline insulation, heating, or chemical injection. The paper contains a description of the Empig cold flow technology, and the initial concept launched by SINTEF. Furthermore, a description of a hydrocarbon flow loop used in the testing of the technology together with a brief description of test results. A subsea cooler unit used for a pit test is then presented. This section contains a discussion on its design principles, a description of the marinized heating system, and test results.
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Li, Chen, Bicheng Yan, Rui Kou, and Shunhua Gao. "Rapid Inference of Reservoir Permeability From Inversion of Travel Time Data Under a Fast Marching Method Based Deep Learning Framework." In SPE EuropEC - Europe Energy Conference featured at the 84th EAGE Annual Conference & Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/214385-ms.

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Abstract The Fast Marching Method (FMM) is a highly efficient numerical algorithm frequently used to solve the Eikonal equation to obtain the travel time from the source point to spatial locations, which can generate a geometric description of monotonically advancing front in anisotropic and heterogeneous media. In modeling fluid flow in subsurface heterogeneous porous media, application of the FMM makes the characterization of pressure front propagation quite straightforward using the diffusive time of flight (DTOF) as the Eikonal solution from an asymptotic approximation to the diffusivity equation. For the infinite-acting flow that occurs in smoothly varying heterogeneous media, travel time of pressure front from the active production or injection well to the observation well can be directly estimated from the DTOF using the concept of radius of investigation (ROI). Based on the ROI definition, the travel time to a given location in space can be determined from the maximum magnitude of partial derivative of pressure to time. Treating travel time computed at the observation well as the objective function, we propose a FMM based deep learning (DL) framework, namely the Inversion Neural Network (INN), to inversely estimate heterogeneous reservoir permeability fields through training the deep neural network (DNN) with the travel time data directly generated from the FMM. A convolutional neural network (CNN) is adopted to establish the mapping between the heterogeneous permeability field and the sparse observational data. Because of the quasi-linear relationship between the travel time and reservoir properties, CNN inspired by FMM is able to provide a rapid inverse estimate of heterogeneous reservoir properties that show sufficient accuracy compared to the true reference model with a limited number of observation wells. Inverse modeling results of the permeability fields are validated by the asymptotic pressure approximation through history matching of the reservoir models with the multi-well pressure transient data.
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Reports on the topic "Finland, description and travel"

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Abdellatif, Omar, Ali Behbehani, and Mauricio Landin. Finland COVID-19 Governmental Response. UN Compliance Research Group, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52008/fin0501.

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The International Health Regulations (2005) are legally binding on 196 States Parties, Including all WHO Member States. The IHR aims to keep the world informed about public health risks, through committing all signatories to cooperate together in combating any future “illness or medical condition, irrespective of origin or source, that presents or could present significant harm to humans.” Under IHR, countries agreed to strengthen their public health capacities and notify the WHO of any such illness in their populations. The WHO would be the centralized body for all countries facing a health threat, with the power to declare a “public health emergency of international concern,” issue recommendations, and work with countries to tackle a crisis. Although, with the sudden and rapid spread of COVID-19 in the world, many countries varied in implementing the WHO guidelines and health recommendations. While some countries followed the WHO guidelines, others imposed travel restrictions against the WHO’s recommendations. Some refused to share their data with the organization. Others banned the export of medical equipment, even in the face of global shortages. The UN Compliance Research group will focus during the current cycle on analyzing the compliance of the WHO member states to the organizations guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Freshley, M. D., and M. J. Graham. Estimation of ground-water travel time at the Hanford Site: Description, past work, and future needs. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7045828.

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Cavicchia, Rebecca, Jonas Kačkus Tybjerg, Hilma Salonen, Maja Brynteson, Nicola Wendt-Lucas, Sæunn Gísladóttir, and Hjalti Jóhannesson. Ten-year Regional Outlook: Future Perspectives for Electric Aviation in the Nordic Region. Nordregio, March 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.6027/r2024:81403-2503.

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Electric aviation has gained momentum in the Nordic region in recent years. Given its unique geographical features and strong commitment to climate-neutral transport, the Nordic region represents an ideal testing ground for electric aviation. In five to ten years from now, electric aviation has the potential to become reality, so it is crucial to explore which factors may affect its implementation and how regional development may be impacted. The “Electric Aviation and the Effects on the Nordic Region” project presents a ten-year future scenario for electric aviation in the Nordic region. In this report, we explore future scenarios for five selected Nordic routes and identify the key driving forces behind that transformative shift, as well as the positive and negative impacts of electric aviation. The scenarios were developed through focus group discussions conducted with key stakeholders from each of the five Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden). The main findings of the study show that electric aviation is generally perceived positively in the various Nordic countries. However, there are also certain contextual differences relating to whether electric aviation is viewed as a pathway to achieving climate targets and removing emissions, stimulating regional development and accessibility of remote areas, or as a new travel option compared to conventional flights. Even though the general attitude towards electric aviation seems to be positive, scepticism and questions regarding the social acceptance of the new technology emerged, as well as the uncertainty around who will be the investors to kick-off the new technology. Furthermore, the future scenarios suggest that a high level of support from local and national governing bodies is required in order to make electric aviation a viable air transport mode in the Nordic region. The insights of this report are intended both to inform decision-makers and to provide nuanced observations from each Nordic country and explore future pathways towards a sustainable and more integrated Nordic region in line with the 2030 vision of the Nordic Council of Ministers.
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Sakhare, Rahul Suryakant, Jairaj Desai, Jijo K. Mathew, John McGregor, Mischa Kachler, and Darcy M. Bullock. Measuring and Visualizing Freeway Traffic Conditions: Using Connected Vehicle Data. Purdue University, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317751.

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Historically, a network of roadside sensors and cameras have been used to monitor freeway conditions. Although these systems are effective, they are typically not operational in and around work zones. Furthermore, it is often not financially viable to deploy in-road sensors and cameras in rural areas. Connected vehicle trajectory data has emerged as a viable source of data and provides a unique opportunity for monitoring freeways. This monograph describes how these connected vehicles can be used to directly measure queue lengths and travel times and this description is summarized in a graphical format easily used by agencies to make management decisions. Approximately 50 use cases are described to demonstrate these techniques under diverse conditions, such as lane reductions, short term closures, rolling slowdowns, work zone set up, work zone removal and inclement weather. A number of the use cases were selected from Indiana locations that had good ITS camera coverage to provide context-sensitive information to help the reader understand the graphics. In addition, several case studies are presented from selected states around the country to demonstrate the scalability of these techniques.
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Aromi, J. Daniel, María Paula Bonel, Julián Cristia, Martín Llada, and Luis Palomino. Socioeconomic Status and Mobility during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analysis of Eight Large Latin American Cities. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003315.

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This study analyzes mobility patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic for eight large Latin American cities. Indicators of mobility by socioeconomic status (SES) are generated by combining georeferenced mobile phone information with granular census data. Before the pandemic, a strong positive association between SES and mobility is documented. With the arrival of the pandemic, in most cases, a negative association between mobility and SES emerges. This new pattern is explained by a notably stronger reduction in mobility by high-SES individuals. A comparison of mobility for SES decile 1 vs decile 10 shows that, on average, the reduction is 75% larger in the case of decile 10. According to estimated lasso models, an indicator of government restrictions provides a parsimonious description of these heterogeneous responses. These estimations point to noticeable similarities in the patterns observed across cities. We also explore how the median distance traveled changed for individuals that travel at least 1 km (the intensive margin). We find that the reduction in mobility in this indicator was larger for high-SES individuals compared to low-SES individuals in six out of eight cities analyzed. The evidence is consistent with asymmetries in the feasibility of working from home and in the ability to smooth consumption under temporary income shocks.
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Werny, Rafaela, Marie Reich, Miranda Leontowitsch, and Frank Oswald. EQualCare Policy Report Germany : Alone but connected? Digital (in)equalities in care work and generational relationships among older people living alone. Frankfurter Forum für interdisziplinäre Alternsforschung, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/gups.69905.

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The policy review is part of the project EQualCare: Alone but connected? Digital (in)equalities in care work and generational relationships among older people living alone, a three-year international project involving four countries: Finland, Germany, Latvia and Sweden. EQualCare interrogates inequalities by gender, cultural and socio-economic background between countries, with their different demographics and policy backgrounds. As a first step into empirical analysis, the policy review aims to set the stage for a better understanding of, and policy development on, the intersections of digitalisation with intergenerational care work and care relationships of older people living alone in Germany. The policy review follows a critical approach, in which the problems policy documents address are not considered objective entities, but rather discursively produced knowledge that renders visible some parts of the problem which is to be solved as other possible perspectives are simultaneously excluded. Twenty publicly available documents were studied to analyse the processes in which definitions of care work and digital (in)equalities are circulated, translated and negotiated between the different levels of national government, regional governments and municipalities as well as other agencies in Germany. The policy review consists of two parts: a background chapter providing information on the social structure of Germany, including the historical development of Germany after the Second World War, its political structure, information on the demographic situation with a focus on the 60+ age group, and the income of this age group. In addition, the background presents the structure of work and welfare, the organisation of care for old people, and the state of digitalisation in Germany. The analysis chapter includes a description of the method used as well as an overview of the documents chosen and analysed. The focus of this chapter is on the analysis of official documents that deal with the interplay of living alone in old age, care, and digitalisation. The analysis identified four themes: firstly, ageing is framed largely as a challenge to society, whereas digitalisation is framed as a potential way to tackle social challenges, such as an ageing society. Secondly, challenges of ageing, such as need of care, are set at the individual level, requiring people to organise their care within their own families and immediate social networks, with state support following a principle of subsidiarity. Thirdly, voluntary peer support provides the basis for addressing digital support needs and strategies. Publications by lobby organisations highlight the important work done by voluntary peer support for digital training and the benefits this approach has; they also draw attention to the over-reliance on this form of unpaid support and call for an increase in professional support in ensuring all older people are supported in digital life. Fourthly, ageing as a hinderance to participation in digital life is seen as an interim challenge among younger old people already online.
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Jacobsen, Nils. Linjebussens vekst og fall i den voksende byen: en studie av bybussenes geografiske kvalitet Stavanger – Sandnes 1920 – 2010. University of Stavanger, November 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/usps.244.

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Linear city bus services are facing increased challenges from city growth. Increased number of inhabitants on increasing acres of built-up areas, makes it demanding to maintain adequate bus services within reasonable catchment areas. Number of departures per hour give a partial description of the bus service quality. Number of departures give reference to the time aspect of bus service quality, but say nothing about the geographical aspect. What part of the entire line network is within reach of direct bus service when frequencies are limited? To address the geographical aspect of bus service quality, the term network ratio is introduced. The term Network Ratio (NR) signifies what part of the entire line network is within reach of direct bus service to or from a certain place in the network. Network Ratio is given as a mathematical term whereby direct bus lines are calculated as a percentage of the entire network. The character and development of Network Ratio in a specific city is illustrated through an analysis of the urban growth of line network and built-up areas in the twin cities of Stavanger and Sandnes. The analysis is covering the period 1920 – 2000 in intervals of 20 years from the first bus lines were established in the urban area. Year 2010 is also included due to major changes implemented right after the turn of the millennium. Development show there is a close relation between bus network and built-up areas. When areas are being built, bus lines follow. The initial fase 1920 – 40 with extensive development of bus lines combined with some areal growth, is followed by a fase of consolidation 1940 – 60. The latter period is characterized by moderate areal growth, extended lines reducing network ratios, and increasing frequencies on the best bus lines. Extensive areal growth in the following period 1960 – 80, implies increased number of bus lines. As a consequence network ratios as well as frequencies are falling in the entire network. In 1960 certain lines had developed as much as 6 departures per hour, while maximum bus line frequency in 1980 has diminished to 2. New bus service development is introduced in the following period between 1980 and 2000. Numerous bus companies are united, and a more comprehensive planning of bus services are applied. The number of bus lines is stabilized at about 40, the fall in network ratio is reduced, and certain lines develop 4 departures per hour. Parallell to the bus development, growth of built-up areas is slowing down due to increased urban renewal with higher densities within built-up areas. In the period 2000 – 2010 new efforts are given to the development of bus services. Development of Network Ratio takes a new direction: The length of network links with high NR is increasing, while links with very low NR are diminishing. Number of bus lines is decreasing, and by 2010 almost 50% of the bus lines are served with 4 departures or more. Passenger comfort is improved in buses as well as on bus stops, and low floor buses are introduced to ease accessibility. Bus service quality is further developed after 2010. Digital services are introduced including digital ticketing, bus service information and real-time information on internet. In addition real-time information is presented at high frequency bus stops through visual screen and auditory speaker. Inside the buses name of next stop is given on screen and through loudspeaker. Further development of the bus services, should include improved Network Ratios in the entire network, as well as increased frequencies on major bus corridors. The latter is a task not only for the bus service planners, but just as well for the city planners and politicians in collaboration with the developers implementing urban density and allocation of important destinations. A last, but not least, objective for bus service development will be to improve punctuality and total travel time. Today a considerable proportion of city bus services are delayed in car traffic congestions. This is occurring especially on main streets and during rush hours. A set of different solutions are needed to address this question: 1. Dedicated bus streets (including car access to limited addresses) 2. Bus lines through local streets in concentrated housing, office and shopping areas. 3. Dedicated bus lane on main streets where possible. 4. Car traffic regulations on main streets without space for extra bus lane. As an overall vision, we need to cultivate the word of Flemming Larsen: urban growth as pearls on a string, as shown in fig. 13 and fig. 14.
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