Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Fire extinguishers'

O trabalho apresenta as etapas e os trabalhos realizados para a construção de um sitio eletrônico como um caminho para a difusão da segurança contra incêndio. O sítio trata das normas do Corpo de Bombeiros de São Paulo, de sua Regulamentação, e se limitou aos casos tratados pelo Projeto Técnico Simplificado (PTS), os quais abrangem, resumidamente, edificações com piso mais elevado com até seis metros de altura e área construída até setecentos e cinqüenta metros quadrados. O objetivo desse sítio é o de permitir ao arquiteto, através sua navegação, obter todas as informações necessárias que o capacitem a cumprir essa regulamentação e legalizar essas edificações junto ao Corpo de Bombeiros de São Paulo. O texto apresenta um resumo histórico da evolução da legislação do Corpo de Bombeiros de São Paulo, descreve o Projeto Técnico Simplificado, com sua composição e impressos, consolida a regulamentação pertinente aos casos tratados por esse procedimento, desenvolve diagramas de bloco do fluxo das informações necessárias para a implantação do sítio, e relata os resultados de pesquisa de campo indicando sua necessidade, mais pesquisa de aperfeiçoamento do sítio, com duas versões: a primeira que buscou a coleta de sugestões e percepção de erros, e a segunda, conduzindo-o a busca de eficiência, eficácia e satisfação do usuário. Encontram-se presentes, nos diversos capítulos, todas as instruções iniciais orientadoras das pesquisas além da tabulação dos resultados obtidos. As conclusões indicam que o caminho percorrido conduziu à produção da ferramenta eletrônica desejada a qual, mesmo que ainda passível de aperfeiçoamentos, permite sua implantação imediata.
This work presents the stages and tasks carried through the construction of a web site as a way for the diffusion of the fire safety concepts. The web site deals with the norms of Saint Paul State Fire Department (SPFD) of its regulation, and was limited, itself, to the cases dealt by the Simplified Technical Project (STP), which enclose, briefly, construction with raised floor with up 6 meters high and construction area up to 750 square meters. The point of this web site is to allow architects through its navigation, to get all necessary information to enable them to fulfill the norms and legalize their construction with SPFD. The text presents a historical summary of the evolution of the SPFD legislation, describes the STP with his composition and printed matters, consolidate the pertinent regulation to the treated cases by this procedure, develops blocks diagrams of the flow of the necessary information for the implantation of the web site, also tells the results of the field research indicating its necessity, plus perfection research of the web site with two versions: the first one, that pursued the collect of suggestions and perceptions of errors, and the second one, leading to efficiency search, effectiveness and user satisfaction. There are in several chapters all the initial instructions that oriented the researches well as the tabulation of the gotten results. The conclusion indicate the covered way lead to the production of the desiderate electronic tool, witch, even still possible more development, allow its immediate implantation.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Remanufacture can be defined as the industrial process where products worn, broken or used are restored getting a new life. Currently, many companies remanufactured products, driven by economic or environmental benefits, or by the force of law. Performing materials management and inventory in this environment with peculiar characteristics efficiently, it is necessary to contain waste with excess inventory or lack of material for production. In addition, the purchasing department holds an important position in most organizations, as parts, components and supplies can represent 40-60% of the final value of sales of any product. Thus, the objective of this work is the proposition and implementation of inventory management models in a remanufacturing company of fire extinguishers and analyze the efficiency of these through the expenses accumulated during one quarter. Based on preliminary analysis of the historical consumption series of selected materials, three propositions were suggested. The results show that when we analyzed the implementation of the proposals in material individually, there were cost reductions and better regularity in buying some, and in others, the proposals have not brought benefits. With the results, it is suggested that the application of the propositions, even partially for some materials, can help to increase the company's competitiveness with the availability of capital that was previously allocated to the purchase of these.
A remanufatura pode ser definida como o processo industrial onde produtos desgastados, quebrados ou usados, são restaurados obtendo uma nova vida útil. Na atualidade, muitas empresas remanufaturam produtos, impulsionadas pelas vantagens econômicas ou ambientais, ou por força da legislação. Realizar a gestão de materiais e estoque neste ambiente com características peculiares, de forma eficiente, é necessário para se conter desperdícios com excesso de estoque ou falta de materiais para a produção. Além disso, o setor de compras ocupa uma posição importante na maioria das organizações, pois peças, componentes e suprimentos comprados podem representar de 40 a 60% do valor final das vendas de qualquer produto. Com isso, o objetivo desse trabalho é a proposição e a aplicação de modelos de gestão de estoque e materiais em uma empresa de remanufatura de extintores de incêndio e analisar a eficiência destes através dos gastos acumulados durante um trimestre. Com base nas análises preliminares das séries históricas do consumo dos materiais selecionados, foram sugeridas três proposições. Os resultados encontrados apontam que quando analisamos a implementação das proposições nos materiais de forma individual, houve reduções nos custos e melhor regularidade na compra de alguns, e em outros, as proposições não trouxeram benefícios. Com os resultados, sugere-se que a aplicação das proposições, mesmo que parcialmente para alguns materiais, pode contribuir para aumentar a competitividade da empresa com a disponibilidade de capital que antes estava alocado com a compra desses.

This report revolves around a project for Boliden which is a thesis work for a master in engineering within industrial design engineering. This project had a primary focus of developing a new mount for fire extinguishers that will be suspended on vehicles in Boliden's mines. The foundation of the project was an accident in Boliden's mine Aitik where a fire extinguisher exploded due to damages caused by the vehicle mount in combination with vibrations. The objective of the project is to identify the main problem with the vehicle mounts used today in Boliden's mines and solve it. The process used in this project is a fairly standard process that is separated into four phases; Context immersion, Ideation, Conceptual design and Final design. The last two stages focused on prototyping and testing to finalize the design, whereas the beginning of the process was trying to get a grasp of the problem. This included understanding the unique environment of the mines as well as getting to the bottom of the problem with the vehicle mount. Interviews and observations were conducted during a visit to Boliden's mine, Renström, in Skellefteå to investigate the problem. The conclusions from the Context immersion was that the main problem with the vehicle mounts was that they were not adapted for the mining conditions at all. A large number of vibrations and a lack of vibration damping for the mount was the leading cause for the damages on the fire extinguisher. This caused the vehicle mount to fail and in the process also damage the fire extinguisher. The solution to this problem turned out to be a more robust product using a stronger material with higher damping to suspend the fire extinguisher. This made the vehicle mount cope with the vibrations in a better way. A quick release mechanism was also implemented that assists with the vibration durability as well as make the fire extinguisher easy and fast to release. The fast release, as well as the ease of use, makes the vehicle mount adapted for emergencies as well.  The durability and the use of the new vehicle mount were reassured by a vibration analysis made in NX 12, as well as a short usability test.
Den här rapporten behandlar ett projekt för Boliden vilket också är ett examensarbete inom civilingenjör teknisk design med inriktning mot produktutveckling. Projektet har fokuserats på att utveckla en ny fordonshållare för brandsläckare som kommer användas på fordon i Bolidens gruvor. Grunden för projektet var en olycka i Bolidens gruva Aitik där en brandsläckare exploderade då den hade blivit skadad av fordonshållaren samt vibrationer. Syftet med projektet är att identifiera den underliggande problemen som finns med fordonhållarna samt ta fram en bättre lösning. Processen som användes i det här projektet är baserad på en normal designprocess som består av fyra faser. De sista två faserna i processen fokuserade på att prototypa och testa för att färdigställa designen, medan början av processen försökte problemet förstås. Det innebar att gruvmiljön som är unik var tvungen att utforskas samt att gå till botten med problemet med hållarna. För att göra detta gjordes främst ett besök till Renströms gruvan i Skellefteå där intervjuer och observationer utfördes. I slutet av Kontextfasen fastställdes det att huvudproblemet var att hållaren inte var tillräckligt anpassad för gruvmiljön. Den stora mängden vibrationer från miljön i kombination med en brist av vibrations dämpning för hållaren var orsaken till att skador uppstår på brandsläckare. Lösningen på problemet var en ny hållare som var mer robust samt att materialet som används för att hålla brandsläckaren var starkare samt hade högre dämpningsgrad. Ett snabblås lösning var också implementerad som också bidrar till ökad vibrationstålighet, den gör också att brandsläckaren går snabbt och enkelt att ta loss i nödsituationer. Hållbarheten samt användbarheten säkerhetsställs genom en vibrationsanalys utförd i NX 12 samt ett kort användartest.

This degree project is divided into two subprojects. Both of the projects are executed for Fogmaker, a company that specialises in designing and installing fire suppression systems in engine compartments. These projects are executed according to product development methods. The first subproject described in this report is about designing a handle for the transportation of a 35kg weighing fire extinguisher. The handle functions as a safety seal and as a grip that makes it easier and safer to lift the fire extinguisher. A casted zinc T-handle is the best solution based on cost and AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) analysis. An FMECA (Failure Mode Effect and Criticality Analysis) and a FEM (Finite Element Method) study have been performed to verify the design. A zinc prototype of the safety handle has been manufactured and is ready for testing. It is expected that 10.000 handles will be produced every year once this prototype is approved by Fogmaker. The second subproject concerns a connection hub placed on a pressurized bottle. In order to make the fire suppression system more reliable this component needs to be redesigned. An external company with the required expertise in hydraulic systems will develop the connection hub in cooperation with Fogmaker, based on the conceptual designs described in this report. An FMECA of the new connection hub concept proves this redesign increases the safety of the system. The overlying subject of both of these projects is the safety of the fire suppression system. Thanks to the accomplishment of both project, the system has become safer and more reliable.

This thesis looks into current requirements of having fire extinguisher in a car in both the Czech Republic and other countries. At first, there is an evaluation of current ways of mounting fire extinguishers in cars, as well as evaluation of various requirements concering safety and ergonomy of mounting fire extinguisher in a car and also what are the hazards of having unattached fire extihnguisher in the passenger compartment. The objective of this thesis is to desing and test a fire extinguisher holder which would fullfil these requirements and which will not require changes in the body of the vehicle. The final part of this thesis deals with evaluating of possibilities of mounting this holder into several types of vehicles.

Devido aos constantes avanços tecnológicos e a grande competitividade no mercado atual, as empresas devem definir de forma mais objetiva possível, suas estratégias e formas de atuação. Para que se coloque um novo produto no mercado, este deve ser muito bem estudado pela empresa, a fim de ter o melhor resultado possível em sua distribuição, de forma que chegue da melhor maneira ao consumidor final. A pesquisa se justifica pela necessidade da empresa Kidde Brasil se adequar às exigências de uma nova resolução, “Resolução 157 do Contran”, de 22 de abril de 2004, onde foram regulamentadas várias mudanças na fabricação e comercialização do “Extintor de Incêndio Veicular”, bem como a substituição do antigo extintor por um novo e mais eficiente. Surgiu o interesse em desenvolver um estudo de modo que pudesse atender as necessidades da empresa Kidde Brasil em colocar o produto no mercado, através do melhor canal de distribuição possível. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivos avaliar a escolha correta por um canal de distribuição, no lançamento de um novo produto, o Extintor Veicular ABC; identificar os diferentes canais de distribuição para o Extintor Veicular ABC; organizar os critérios de escolha destes canais, a fim de utilizar um modelo de decisão; verificar o resultado, comparado com o canal escolhido pela empresa. O método de desenvolvimento é baseado no “Sistema Ranking”, que é um sistema de apoio a decisões multicriteriais que combina a metodologia de modelagem visual e interativa e o método de função de valor, para apoiar no processo de decisão. Sendo assim ,o sistema Ranking auxilia o decisor,para que este tenha um melhor entendimento de todo o processo,fornecendo suporte e sugerindo ações. Os resultados revelam que o melhor canal de distribuição para o novo extintor veicular, são as empresas recarregadoras, que já trabalhavam com produto similar.
Due the constants technological’s advances and the great competitivity in the actual market, the enterprises must define in a most objective way, it’s strategies and action’s ways. To a new product be introduced in the market, the enterprise must study it a lot, to have the best possible result in it’s distribution, to reach the final consumer in a better way. The research is justified by the Kidde Brasil enterprise necessity to be adequated in the demanding of a new resolution, “Contran’s Resolution 157”, by 22 apryl of 2004, on which many changes were registered in law to the fabrication and trading of the “Car’s Fire Extinguisher”, as well the old extinguisher’s fire substitution by a new and more effective one. Appeared the interest in the development of a study to attend the necessities of the Kidde Brasil enterprise in introduce a product in the market, trought a best distribution chanel. guisher, are the reload enterprises, which has already worked with similar product. This research has the objectives to evaluate the correct choice by a best distribution chanel, in the entry of a new product, the Car’s Fire Extnguisher ABC, identify the differents distribution chanels to the Car’s Fire Extinguisher ABC, organize the criterions to choose these chanels, with the purpose of using a decision model, analise the result, compared with the chanel choose by the enterprise. The development way will have the base in the “Ranking System”, which is a system of to the decisions with many criterials which combinate the methods of visual modeling and interactive and the method of value function to support the decision process. So, the Ranking System helps the one who makes the decision, to this one have a better understanding of all the process, giving support and suggesting actions. The results revelate that the best distribution chanel to the new car’s fire extinguisher, are the reload enterprises, which has already worked with similar product.

Skogsbränder utgör ett stort problem både lokalt, regionalt och globalt. De förstör stora värden, frigör stora mängder kol ut i atmosfären och är mycket resurskrävande att bekämpa. Under markytan kan glödbränder fortsätta långt efter att flambranden ovan mark är släckt. Glödbränder brinner mycket långsammare än de öppna flambränderna, men är istället svårare att upptäcka och ställer andra krav vid bekämpning. En typ av glödbrand som kan påträffas i skogsbränder är torvbränder. Det är glödbränder som uppstår i torvmarker som utsatts för torka. Branden äter sig sakta igenom torven och kan gå djupt ner i marken. Svårigheter med att lokalisera bränderna och att få ner tillräckligt med vatten i de djupare torvlagerna gör dem svåra att släcka. Idag används ofta dimspikar, även kallade jordspett, för att släcka bränder som gått ner under markytan. På vissa ställen har även skärsläckaren börjat användas. Detta arbete syftar till att ge en bättre förståelse för de två verktygens funktion och effektivitet vid släckarbete av torvbränder. För att göra det har två tester genomförts på Luleå räddningstjänsts övningsfält, ett för dimspik och ett för skärsläckare. En försöksuppställning byggdes upp med en invändig tvärsnittsarea på 80×80 cm och en höjd på 1,1 m. Den fylldes sedan med torv som packades lätt tills torvlagret var 1 m tjockt. Det som undersöktes var verktygens penetreringstid för vattnet att nå 1 m ner i torven samt hur stor spridning vattnet fick över tvärsnittsarean på djupet 1 m. Båda verktygen hade liknande flöden (56 l/min för skärsläckaren och 58 l/min för dimspiken) så de uppmätta skillnaderna i resultat berodde på hur vattnet transporterades, inte på mängden vatten. Skärsläckaren slog igenom på cirka 1 sekund och bildade ett utgångshål på cirka 1 dm2, där det var blött ytterliga någon centimeter runtomkring för en total våt area på cirka 2 dm2. Testet avslutades efter 30 sekunder då ingen förändring kunde ses i storleken på utgångshålet och den våta arean från efter de första få sekunderna. Vattnet sprutade rakt igenom torven. Dimspiken vätte igenom efter 26 sekunder och den våta arean växte kontinuerligt. Inget utgångshål bildades i detta fall. När dimspiken stängdes av efter 1 minut och 45 sekunder, så hade cirka 32 dm2 blivit blött; vilket motsvarar ungefär halva tvärsnittarean hos försöksuppställningen. Spridning fortsatte efter att dimspiken slagits av och nästan hela tvärsnittsarean var blöt efter ytterligare några minuter. Skärsläckaren hade en mycket snabb penetreringstid, men sprutade istället mycket vatten rakt igenom torven, vilket medförde att stora mängder vatten passerade genom torven utan att väta en stor yta eller volym. Dimspiken hade en mycket längre penetreringstid, i gengäld så sköts inte vattnet rakt igenom torven utan spred ut sig och vätte en större yta. Båda verktygen har sina för- och nackdelar. Vilket verktyg som är bäst är väldigt situationsberoende. Skärsläckaren har bland annat snabbare penetreringstid och möjliggör fler snabba ingrepp, medan dimspiken täcker en större area per angreppspunkt och är lättare och säkrare att hantera.
Wildfires are a major problem both locally, regionally and globally. They destroy large values, emit large quantities of carbon into the atmosphere and are very resource intensive to fight. Smoldering fires can continue under the ground surface long after the flaming fire above ground is put out. Smoldering fires burn much slower than the flaming fires, but in turn they are harder to discover and require different means to fight. Peat fire is one type of smoldering fire that can be found in wildfires. It is a smoldering fire that occur in peatlands exposed to drought. The fire slowly eats its way through the peat and can go deep into the ground. Difficulty locating them and getting enough water into the deeper peat layers makes them difficult to extinguish. Today, fognails are often used to extinguish smoldering fires in the ground. The cutting extinguisher is another tool that has been used to fight smoldering fires in the ground in some cases. This bachelor thesis aims to provide a better understanding of the function and efficiency of the two tools in extinguishing peat fires. To do this, two tests have been carried out on the fire department’s training field in Luleå, one with a fognail and one with a cutting extinguisher. A test stand was constructed with an internal cross-sectional area of ​​80×80 cm and a height of 1.1 m. It was then filled with peat which was lightly packed until the peat layer was 1 m thick. What was investigated was the tools’ penetration time for the water to reach 1 m down into the peat and the size of the water spread over the cross-sectional area at the depth of 1 m. Both tools had similar flows (56 l/min for the cutter extinguisher and 58 l/min for the fognail) so the differences arose in how that water was used, not the amount of water. The cutting extinguisher broke through in about 1 second and formed an exit hole of about 1 dm2 with additional wetness of a few centimeters around for a total wet area of ​​about 2 dm2. The test was terminated after 30 seconds when no change could be seen in the size of the output hole or the wet area from after the first few seconds. The water sprayed right through the peat. The water from the fognail got through after 26 seconds and the wet area grew continuously. No exit hole was formed in this case. When the fognail was turned off after 1 minute and 45 seconds, about 32 dm2 had become wet, which corresponds to about half the cross-sectional area of the test stand. However, spreading continued despite the fognail being turned off and almost the entire cross-sectional area was wet after a few more minutes. The cutting extinguisher had a very fast penetration time, but as a result it sprayed a lot of water right through the peat without wetting a large area or volume. The fognail had a much longer penetration time, but in return, the water was not shot straight through the peat, but spread out and wet a larger surface. Both tools have their advantages and disadvantages. Which tool is the best depends a lot on the situation. The cutting extinguisher has, among other things, a faster penetration time and allows for more rapid interventions, while the fog nail covers a larger area per attack point and is easier and safer to handle.

The topic of the masters thesis is newly built sports center in Broumov on the outskirts of the historic center. The proposal was placed high demands on appearance. There is a non-traditional stone facade with a combination of wood ventilated facades. The combination of wood and stone construction gives a historic feel and fit and existing buildings, which will carry the dominant built-up area. The new building is set into the sloping terrain with a flair for existing buildings. The building is part sunk into the ground to reduce the height to the surrounding area. The sports center is divided into three dilatations objects: Technical facilities, sports hall, bowling with squash and gym.

Les amides perfluores et mixtes (a doubles chaines hydrogenee et perfluoree) sont des precurseurs de tensioactifs susceptibles d'ameliorer les proprietes des mousses extinctrices, par diminution de la tension interfaciale entre l'eau et l'huile par un meilleur etalement de la mousse. Ces amides sont synthetises par photoamidation d'olefines : r::(f)-ch=ch::(2), r::(f)-ch=ch-r::(h), r::(f)-ch::(2)-ch=ch-r::(h) dans le t-butanol et dans des microemulsions de formamide

碩士
國立勤益科技大學
電子工程系
102
According to the Fire Service Act of Taiwan, fire extinguisher must be installed in certain areas, and they must be checked regularly. Normally, these facilities are located around the corner of buildings, and people usually do not notice them. If fire happens, it may become a big problem to find them immediately. Therefore, this paper aims to develop an automatic fire announcement system. Based on the wireless transmission mechanism, the proposed system can shortly send a warning signal covering all building areas and indicate the locations of fire extinguishers once fire occurs. Additionally, the proposed system provides the option for wireless signal covering area, e.g., entire region and partial region, matching the Fire Service Act requirement.

碩士
吳鳳科技大學
消防研究所
103
Economic growth, driven by rapid industrial development, results in the increase of the relative risk in various environments. It is a subject that can't be overlooked, particularly in residential areas, for it is the place where we live every day. In addition to schools or offices, we spend most of the time at home. It provides shelter for people to relax, and often it is where we have the least awareness. Fire could cause significant loss of lives and properties. Using the mini fire extinguishers timely in the initial stage of a fire can minimize the impact of the disaster. The current norms in Taiwan for the mini fire extinguisher is based on the national standards set ROC (hereinafter referred to as CNS) No spray of mini fire extinguisher 10978 established by Inspection Bureau of Standards. This standard is incomplete due to the normative content. Collecting and collating the relevant regulations and standards from Japan, People's Republic of China and United Kingdom, the study presents the analysis and comparison to show the advantages and disadvantages to each individual countries' standards. The research summarized the mini fire extinguisher standards which are not only suitable to be used in Taiwan but also meet the actual needs . The standards are expected to enhance the level of mini fire extinguisher products in the market. This study was conducted on eight mini fire extinguishers on shelf, evaluating the performance according to CNS 10978 "Aerosol type mini fire extinguisher" standard. The experiment includes analysis and comparison of the impact test, fire spray test, corrosion resistance test, the pan fire test, fire test gasoline,and curtain fire test . The study found that three of the label conform to the standards. On the other hand, some don't. There are also discrepancies between the content and the composition stated on the label. Suggestions are summarized to enhance the simple performance of the mini fire extinguishers.

Defence Research and Development Canada - Atlantic is currently under a project arrangement with Sweden and Holland to investigate new or emerging fire suppression technologies in naval applications. One possible outcome of this project arrangement could be the identification of a safe and effective Halon 1301 replacement suppression agent within the respective navies. The subject area Canada has agreed to investigate is aerosol fire extinguishing agent technologies. Although aerosols have been shown to be effective in suppressing demonstration fires, to date there has been little systematic scientific research into fire suppression using aerosol particulates. Therefore, there is a need for more in depth investigation of some of the commercial aerosol products available on the market to determine their fire suppression efficacy in naval applications, as well as any potential negative impacts that the aerosol may have on personnel, equipment and the environment. Aerosol suppression systems range from small handheld grenade extinguishers to large fitted and remotely activated aerosol dispersal units. The fire research and testing presented in this thesis looks specifically at the efficacy and safe use of two variants of the small handheld aerosol extinguishers, while also assessing aerosol agent suppression technologies overall. The Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) currently uses a two tiered response to fire, consisting of first response by a Rapid Response Team (RRT), followed by full response by an Attack Team (AT). A Rapid Attack Team (RAT) has been introduced as an intermediate response team. To enhance efficiency of the RRTs or RATs, handheld aerosol units, in this evaluation the Dry Sprinkler Powder Aerosol (DSPA) and StatX fire knock down aerosol extinguishers, could potentially be stored throughout the ship or transported by the teams to a fire scene and used to control, suppress or even extinguish a fire prior to the AT arriving on the scene, particularly in the case of smaller enclosure fires. To fully evaluate their potential for use in this capacity, it is important to carefully study the suppression efficacy of these units under conditions similar to those in which they would be deployed, as well as to better understand their impact on a fire environment in terms of important parameters such as compartment temperature reduction, visibility, oxygen concentration, aerosol particulate dwell time, and toxicity. In terms of operational issues related to deployment of these pyrotechnic tools onboard RCN vessels, it is critical to assess the requirements for extinguisher safe storage and to gain an understanding of the incendiary potential of the units, as well as post suppression overhaul, smoke/agent clearing and compartment gas free certification. The thesis includes a description of the experimental design, measurement techniques, and key results and conclusions for each of the 26 full-scale simulated marine enclosure live fire tests that were conducted. In general, handheld aerosol extinguishers have proven to be effective for fire control and even suppression under certain circumstances. They can improve the fire safety of RCN vessels when used correctly. Experimental data measured that relate to the consequences of accidental discharge and incendiary potential can also be used to ensure naval applications are safe and effective.

碩士
國立彰化師範大學
電機工程學系
105
In order to effectively implement of the monitoring and management of fire extinguishers, this study proposes systematization with inductive proximity switches and fire alarm system. The system is equipped with R-type fire detector central control to monitor. When inductive proximity switch is turned on, the control module, annunciation lamp, and buzzer will be activated to call the manager on screen. The system not only shortens the time, but also reduces the cost of equipment and fire extinguisher losing. The result proves the response time of this system can be five minutes less than the tradition one. It can effectively reduce that the fire blaze happened.

碩士
吳鳳科技大學
消防研究所
102
Abstract For the past few years, owing to rapid growth expansion in economic, the fire rate of occurrence are higher than before in all categories locationplace, and the Dry Chemical Fire Extinguishers are most common usage in fire preventive facilities, and put on public locationplace, ex. Large building、factory、department store、theater、school、restaurant those place could happen for fire, it is important the fire extinguisher can keep safe in public locationplace, if we can keep control in fire before previously, in view of this point to quality analysis in Dry Chemical Fire Extinguisher. The brief of introduce to Dry Chemical Fire Extinguisher, and realize the difference in each Fire extinguisher and structural, operation、 the Principle theory of fire、the efficiency of fire and to carry out quality analysis and research for new products of fire extinguisher in recently formulary of changed Dry Chemical system, offer us the method of solve and in related to guard theory. According to the case of deficiency statistical and the method of investigation,that found some weakness, those defected will influence the quality of fire extinguisher, Exsample as handle, hose, gauge of pressure, inner pipe, rubber, powder, cylinder, lable etc., we can deep in realization and analysis, to be improved and method of research, also comply with the provision of government policy,For the best quality in fire extinguisher, and to reach the goal of fire extinguisher demand. Key word: Dry Chemical Fire Extinguisher, Dry Chemical powder, quality analysis, policy for fire preventive.

碩士
遠東科技大學
機械工程研究所在職專班
103
In the current environment,there are many ways to solve problems with systematic innovation, however TRIZ is the mostly accepted way. TRIZ is the system which is originated from the research on analysis of patent invention,and with cases crossed comparison through large amounts of data and processes, and thus, TRIZ contains both systematic innovation and ways of solving problems.The most obvious advantage of TRIZ is to exclude the desinge’s mental habits leading to own limitation. By this way, it enables the users to sovle the problems that they have encountered and get a perfect plan in a short time with dual considerations on solving tough technical problems and implementing inovation. This thesis is to refine the design of the extinguisher plug and the refining method adopts the TRIZ with 39 Engineering parameters. The design of the extinguisher plug is improved and modified with design way and applied mothed. Generally speaking, there are different considerations on both use and applications of inovation or team study on product. These considerations are exactly what TRIZ finds to meet both use and allpications. And the process is the reference of workflow of the product inovation. Working together with 39 Engineering and 40 Engineering, TRIZ helps the designers and the reformers to get ideal ways to solve problems as well as efficiently providing a new inovative thought. The thesis applies TRIZ which is based on inovative problem solving theory to design extinguisher plug, and it proves that TRIZ suits the design on improving the extingiuish plug and it finds out the solution more efficiently. And, it also efficiently gives the designer or the team more cases and reference models during development.

碩士
華梵大學
資訊管理學系碩士班
97
In this paper, we proposed a verification system with NFC for fire extinguisher for Internet Verification Services. The proposed system includes the electronic pedigree system, the signer of the fire extinguisher verification, the group signature system, and the NFC of the fire extinguisher identification and verification system. At first, the proposed system provides the Fire Extinguisher Report Directory as the fire extinguisher identification and verification system. The owner can verify every fire extinguisher and the certification thought the Internet. It allows the end user to easily verify the authenticity of the fire extinguisher at the item level. The signatures of the fire extinguisher identification information are wrapped and embed into the NFC tag. It embeds the specified serial numbers as the digital certification into the NFC tag to achieve the information security objectives of non-repudiation, integrity and security. This system authority can use the traitor tracing of the Fire Extinguisher electronic pedigree system to revoke the certification. We also implement Lagrange multinomial in our scheme to enhance NFC and Electronic Fire Extinguisher Pedigree system security with the group signature and the group verifier. This Fire Extinguisher group signer system provides user identification, non-repudiation, integrity and security by a digital Fire Extinguisher Identification. With the proposed digital Fire Extinguisher Identification system for Internet transaction, it can help prevent counterfeits, aid product recall, and improve the security of the general supply chain.

碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
工業管理系
93
We use two techniques of reliable analysis ─ FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis), and the expanded way of FMEA, EFMEA (Expanded Failure Mode and Effect Analysis), to compare FMEA applying to the reliability of fire extinguishers with EFMEA does. This paper introduces traditional FMEA and EFMEA and then discusses how FMEA empirically measures the potential failure mode of designing system and the effects of system. Besides, according to the potential failure mode of system, we use EFMEA to improve traditional FMEA precisely.

碩士
嶺東科技大學
資訊管理系碩士班
107
In escape education, a fire scene is often simulated for rescue training, as this improves understanding on how to respond to a fire incidence, how to escape or get it extinguished. In the event of a car accident, where the car is overturned or aflame, victims often miss escape opportunities because of panic and tension, resulting in serious casualties. This study develops a fire education training with a bus as an example, allowing users to learn how to use a fire extinguisher in a virtual reality simulation training to reduce the number of casualties in the event of an accident. This study used Unity 3D software and development tools to create an educational training system for simulated bus fires. The main training function is the operation simulation of fire extinguishers.

碩士
元智大學
機械工程學系
106
This paper takes the fire of an elderly care center in New Taipei City for case study. The fire was caused by self-ignition of over-heat short circuit exhaust fan in the bedroom, In the early morning, while most people still in sleep, the plastic of exhaust fan was burned and drip-combustion then burned the bedding which under the exhaust fan, the burning fume choked the residents in the care center. Elders and nurses escaped from the care center as possible. Dense smoke filled the elderly care center very fast but the fire alarm system didn’t warning. This paper uses Fire Dynamics Simulator with Evacuation (FDS+Evac) software to simulate the fire disaster in a elderly care center in New Taipei City, for evaluating on building structure and design, assessing on fire temperature and concentration field, in order to make a mutual proof of fire development and damage degree as well as personnel evacuation plan. By having such advance case simulation, it might minimize number of fire disaster and losses and able to enhance safety living environment for People.

碩士
國立勤益科技大學
機械工程系
99
The purpose of this research is for the application of character recognition on 3D cylindrical surfaces. For planar texts, there are no parallax problems. A series of analysis can be conducted after the image of the text is extracted. If the text is on a 3D cylindrical surface, the image will be distorted because of left-and-right parallax. This research will study the identification of expiration dates on fire extinguishers. A set of programs written in Microsoft C# language are developed. Images captured through a webcam are processed. First, gray scale transformation and histogram equalization are applied to simplify the computation and increase the contrast of the images. Noises are removed through filtering. The positions of the edges are determined by Sobel edge detection. The number characteristics are extracted through positioning. And then, vertical projection and number partition are applied. Finally, the dates are identified using template matching.

The topic concerned - preventive educational activity as an inseparable part of comprehensive fire protection - deals with education of citizens, particularly children. The thesis is based on the fact that readiness of citizens for danger, emergency situations and their management is a public interest issue. The role of citizens and their involvement improve in contemporary society. Various natural disasters, mass catastrophes connected with endangered lives, fires of cars and large fires caused by dry weather make us all seek information that will make management of extraordinary situations easier. The historical description provides the development of education and preparation for safety threats and risks in the Czech environment since the second half of the 19th century until the present time. The main problem of today is growing passivity of the general public who consider the timely arrival of fire brigades a matter of fact. Fires then catch people unawares in situations that may arise. The latter part of the thesis deals with the present state of the issue in the Czech Republic. In order to ascertain current situation I made a survey, which served as a basis for my further work. The positive aspect was that if someone did not know the answer to the questions, he or she were inspired to search and get the relevant information, as he or she were surprised by their (lack of) knowledge in the area of fire protection. At least half of the respondents did so, which I consider a success. It shows that the interest of the public and youth in the possibility of obtaining education and preparation for emergency situations is inspired by the realization of potential threats and subsequent detection and designation of imperfections in their own knowledge and skills