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Journal articles on the topic 'Fire extinguishers'
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1
Sharma, Deepika, Bhanu Sharma, Archana Mantri, Nitin Goyal, and Neeraj Singla. "Dhwani Fire: Aerial System for Extinguishing Fire." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (April 24, 2022): 10295–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.10295ecst.
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Fire is among the most feared dangers. Therefore, a fire extinguisher is necessary equipment. Unfortunately, conventional fire extinguishers have certain disadvantages, such as the use of hazardous chemical ingredients that leave a residue. The current extinguishers use a variety of chemicals depending on the types of fires to be extinguished. They are usually pressurized with nitrogen or carbon dioxide and when this pressure is released on fire, they extinguish it. Water, potassium bicarbonate, foam, and other asphyxiating and extinguishing agents are commonly used materials in the current fire extinguishers. All of these agents leave behind some byproducts that are toxic and pollute the environment. The proposed firefighting system consists of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), a drone that has two sets of sensors, an image capturing unit, a sound wave generator, a cooling assembly, and a processing unit onboard. The first set of sensors is configured to detect heat parameters of the fire, while the second set of sensors detects one or more airborne particulates in the fire area. The image capturing unit navigates and captures images of the fire area. The sound wave generator and the cooling assembly are controlled by the processing unit configured to actuate them and enable the system to extinguish fire. The system usability test exhibits that this sound wave-based firefighting extinguisher is a novel, cleaner, safer, and user-friendly firefighting solution.
2
Yoon, Ga-Yeong, Kye-Won Park, Jung-Min Choi, Yi-Chul Shin, and Gil-Yong Lee. "User Recognition Factors for Preference Evaluation of Fire Extinguishers in Residential Spaces." Fire Science and Engineering 37, no. 2 (April 30, 2023): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/kifse.b4cb4345.
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Fire extinguishers are considered essential safety items to be installed in residential spaces to improve the fire safety in buildings. However, they are usually placed in inconspicuous locations owing to design and practical constraints, making their immediate use difficult in a fire scenario. This study identifies problems regarding the application of existing fire extinguishers in residential spaces, and investigates factors influencing user preferences in recognizing fire extinguishers. A draft fire extinguisher design that aims to address the problems associated with existing fire extinguishers in terms of design and practicality was derived. Using this draft, a survey was conducted to analyze the factors influencing user preference while considering the improvement of practical problems with existing fire extinguishers. A life-friendly product design is proposed to ensure its use at all times in daily life; an indoor air quality measurement sensor and fire detection/alarm system are installed. Results of the survey confirmed that aesthetic factors and novelty had the most influence on overall likeability towards preferring a fire extinguisher. This study is expected to contribute to the future development of fire extinguishers by verifying the preference factors for users to be willing to keep fire extinguishers indoors.
3
Lee, Youngsam, and Sooho Baek. "Automatic Fire Extinguishing Agent Using Microcapsule for Early Fires." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 21, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2021.21.2.73.
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According to fire statistics analysis of the nation's fire department between 2015–2019, the most common cause of fire was electrical fire. As reported, 47,135 fires were caused by electricity, 22,852 were caused by mechanical causes, and 871 were caused by gas leakages. In this study, the fire adaptability of microcapsulated fire extinguishing agents was tested against small space electrical fires, such as electrical distribution boards. The tests showed that the fire extinguishing agent inside the capsule was released after initial fire contact and the fire of n-heptane was extinguished within 4.48 seconds (on average). Therefore, the KFI small space B-level fire extinguishing test by the Korea Institute of Fire and Industry met the criteria that the fire was extinguished and did not reoccur within 90 s after the end of the preliminary combustion. In addition, this fire extinguisher (agent) dramatically improved the volume of existing cylinder-type fire extinguishers for small spaces. However, there are no national fire safety codes (NFSCs) for this agent. Therefore, it is necessary to enact fire safety standards for this agent for smooth-field applications.
4
Kim, Jong-Sang, and Yong-Taek Han. "Performance of Recycled Fire-Extinguishing Agents in Terms of Fire-Fighting Performance Management." Fire Science and Engineering 34, no. 5 (October 31, 2020): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/kifse.f87031aa.
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Since January 28, 2017, domestic fire extinguishers have been manufactured nationwide, and a domestic fire extinguisher can be used for 10 years. Hence, the treatment of the extinguishing agent existing in waste extinguishers is a critical issue economically and environmentally. Accordingly, the manufacturer reuses and recycles the fire extinguishing agent, and this recycling method has been approved for fire extinguishers. In some cases, the quality of reused extinguishing agents and fire extinguishers are uncertain. Therefore, in this study, the physical and chemical properties of recycled extinguishing agents were evaluated through accelerated aging tests to verify the quality of the recycled extinguishing agents. The accelerated aging test results were obtained according to the approval criteria type for the physical and chemical properties of the recycled extinguishing agent. As a substitute effect, it was found that the import substitution effect and resource effect could be regarded as a circulating resource for fire-extinguishing agents that are imported in full quantity, and the price competitiveness of fire extinguishers can be achieved.
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Dery Riwayanto and Abdul Hakim Zakkiy Fasya. "Penggunaan Sistem Barcode dalam Memudahkan Pemantauan pada Inspeksi Alat Pemadam Api Ringan (APAR)." SEHATMAS: Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat 2, no. 4 (October 30, 2023): 976–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.55123/sehatmas.v2i4.2576.
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Fire, as a universal catastrophic phenomenon, presents the potential for significant losses to people, assets, and productivity around the world. Therefore, an efficient set of preventive and responsive measures is needed to reduce the risk of fire. In Indonesia, one approach in overcoming the threat of fire is through the use of Light Fire Extinguishers (APAR). The Head Office of PT X, a company located in a 23-storey building, faces challenges in conducting routine inspections of fire extinguishers. This obstacle arises due to the large number of fire extinguishers (84 units) and the limited number of HSSE (Health, Safety, Security, and Environment) staff. In order to overcome this problem, designing a barcode-based fire extinguisher inspection checklist connected to a spreadsheet is a relevant solution. The goal is to ensure that each fire extinguisher is ready to be used to extinguish fires. The fire extinguisher inspection data is processed and recorded in a database in a spreadsheet. Based on the results of the study, the barcode-based fire extinguisher inspection checklist system connected to this spreadsheet involves three levels of users, namely the operator responsible for conducting inspections, supervisors who have the authority to provide validation of inspection results, and admins who are in charge of managing and adding fire extinguisher inspection data that has been carried out.
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Erhaqim, Emhade Arman, and Siti Zulfa Yuzni. "Study of the Placement of Fire Extinguishers at the Kartini Rembang Museum using Space Syntax Analysis." International Journal of Built Environment and Scientific Research 8, no. 1 (June 7, 2024): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24853/ijbesr.8.1.1-12.
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The RA Kartini Museum in Rembang plays a crucial role role as the caretaker of arts collections and historical artifacts. This study emphasizes the importance of the presence of Fire Extinguishers in ensuring the security of themuseum. The strategic placement of fire extinguisher points, considering accessibility and visibility, is the focal point for enhancing response and safety. Evaluation of the existing fire extinguisher layouts fixed to ensure compliance with safety standards. The Kartini Museum, located within the Rembang Regency, operates as the residence of the regent and has now become a Cultural Heritage site. The museum's collection fixed to RA Kartini, with exhibition spaces encompassing various types of collections. This research employs the Space Syntax method to analyze spatial connectivity and visual integration. The analysis results indicate that the placement of fire extinguishers in some rooms already exceeds safety standards. However, the presence of fire extinguishers needs to be reinforced with clear and easily locatable signage. Some fire extinguishers are obstructed by shelves or columns, and their placement requires review to ensure efficient accessibility. In conclusion, this study provides a foundation for strategic changes in the placement of fire extinguishers in the Kartini Museum. Recommendations include improved signage, a reevaluation of placement, and enhancements to accessibility. These measures will enhance safety and response to the potential threat of fire, preserving invaluable cultural heritage.
7
Lee, Sung-Woo. "Methods to Improve the Design of Household Fire Extinguishers through an Empirical Analysis of Consumer Compatibility." Fire Science and Engineering 34, no. 3 (June 30, 2020): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/kifse.d72f3d22.
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Households are categorized as exceptions in the Fire Services Act; oftentimes, the ‘Golden Time’ is missed at the early stages of a fire, resulting in loss of life. As such, due to the high number of deaths caused by household fires, the Korean government amended the Fire Services Act to make it mandatory for all detached houses to be equipped with a fire extinguisher from 2017 onwards. Only 34.8% of households were properly equipped with a fire extinguisher, according to the 2018 factual survey on fire extinguishing facilities in households conducted by the Fire Department. Fire extinguishers are crucial in case of fire but many households avoid them because they are red and have a rough aesthetic, which does not suit the household environment. There is now a need for diverse simple fire extinguisher designs so that they can be used as interior décor in the household in the day-to-day while being available for putting out a fire when necessary. If fire extinguishers have designs that go well with any household space like other decorative ornaments, this will greatly increase consumers’ motivation to purchase them. It is greatly anticipated that various companies will work on developing designs for fire extinguishers to commercialize them for households in the future.
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Bordakov, V. N. "The Study of Fire-extinguishing Process of Modelled Fire Seats." Occupational Safety in Industry, no. 9 (September 2021): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2021-9-57-62.
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Test-fires to determine fire-extinguishers’ efficiency for extinguishing B class fires are conducted by operators equipped with working clothes, which does not comply with the requirements of physical modelling. This is why the ranks of extinguished modelled seats are significantly overestimated. The quantitative results of fire seats’ extinguishing can be comparatively evaluated in accordance with the value of specific flow rate of a fire-extinguishing agent. As it was detected, the specific flow rate of a fire-extinguishing agent does not actually depend on the rank of modelled fire seat when extinguished by an operator wearing thermal-protective clothes. At the same time, it is increasing along with the expansion of the fire zone scale in case the fire is extinguished without special protective clothes. Consequently, to increase the fire-extinguisher’s efficiency data reliability, the certifying tests should be conducted in conditions close to the real application conditions when the first person to firefight is not equipped with such special protective clothes. The experimental studies to determine the specific flow rate of a fire-extinguishing agent used modelled fire seats of various ranks. The analysis of results showed that the fire-extinguishers ensuring generation of drops of prevailing size more than 0,5 mm are required to extinguish the modelled sire seats. The degree of increasing flow rate for the fire-extinguishing agent to eliminate a fire and observation of a safe distance from the flame for an operator are conditioned by the scale of fire zone and affect the specific flow rate of agent required to ensure stable fire-extinguishing. Based on the results of extinguishing the fire seats «34В» or «55В», it is demonstrated that via using a correction factor it is possible, assuming an acceptable error, to evaluate the flow rate of fire-extinguishing agent to extinguish a modelled fire seat of any rank.
9
Garcia-Martin, Roberto, Alfonso González-Briones, and Juan M. Corchado. "SmartFire: Intelligent Platform for Monitoring Fire Extinguishers and Their Building Environment." Sensors 19, no. 10 (May 25, 2019): 2390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19102390.
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Due to fire protection regulations, a minimum number of fire extinguishers must be available depending on the surface area of each building, industrial establishment or workplace. There is also a set of rules that establish where the fire extinguisher should be placed: always close to the points that are most likely to be affected by a fire and where they are visible and accessible for use. Fire extinguishers are pressure devices, which means that they require maintenance operations that ensure they will function properly in the case of a fire. The purpose of manual and periodic fire extinguisher checks is to verify that their labeling, installation and condition comply with the standards. Security seals, inscriptions, hose and other seals are thoroughly checked. The state of charge (weight and pressure) of the extinguisher, the bottle of propellant gas (if available), and the state of all mechanical parts (nozzle, valves, hose, etc.) are also checked. To ensure greater safety and reduce the economic costs associated with maintaining fire extinguishers, it is necessary to develop a system that allows monitoring of their status. One of the advantages of monitoring fire extinguishers is that it will be possible to understand what external factors affect them (for example, temperature or humidity) and how they do so. For this reason, this article presents a system of soft agents that monitors the state of the extinguishers, collects a history of the state of the extinguisher and environmental factors and sends notifications if any parameter is not within the range of normal values.The results rendered by the SmartFire prototype indicate that its accuracy in calculating pressure changes is equivalent to that of a specific data acquisition system (DAS). The comparative study of the two curves (SmartFire and DAS) shows that the average error between the two curves is negligible: 8% in low pressure measurements (up to 3 bar) and 0.3% in high pressure (above 3 bar).
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Voloshenko, A. A., S. A. Nazarov, V. V. Pleshakov, M. I. Sautiev, and M. A. Grokhotov. "Reduction of Risks when Extinguishing Fires with Primary Fire Extinguishing Equipment at the Production Facilities." Occupational Safety in Industry, no. 7 (July 2022): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2022-7-77-82.
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For ensuring fire safety, it is required to bring the legal and regulatory and regulatory-technical base in the field of fire safety in line with the up-to-date requirements based on the scientific research and development. However, the application of the equirements for the provision of primary fire extinguishing equipment (portable fire extinguisher) to the premises of industrial buildings and the calculation estimates according to the proven methods is impossible in the on-line mode and in the conditions of time pressure. Estimates regarding the equipment and efficient use of the portable fire extinguishers at the initial stage of a fire allowed to formulate the information and analytical support for equipping premises in the industrial buildings with primary fire extinguishing equipment at the initial stage of a fire. Developed information and analytical support make it possible to justify the minimum required number of portable fire extinguishers, as well as the efficiency of use, considering their technical characteristics. And for its practical implementation, an algorithm was developed that allows an assessment of the provision of portable fire extinguishers for the premises of the building. Practical application of the information and analytical support for the provision of primary fire extinguishing equipment (portable fire extinguisher) in specific situations allows to make prompt, reasonable and effective management decisions. It also allows assessing safe use of the portable fire extinguishers by the personnel of the enterprise when extinguishing a fire in the industrial buildings, avoiding litigation, removing administrative barriers, improving the scientific and experimental and educational and material base of the scientific and educational organizations, forensic expert institutions, switching to more reasonable engineering and technical, organizational measures in terms of providing the object of protection with primary fire extinguishing means.
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Wahyudi, Ahyar, Ardan, Rozada Alemania, and Adrianus Ledak. "The Importance of Fire Extinguishers in Healthcare Facilities (Literature Review)." Formosa Journal of Science and Technology 2, no. 9 (September 30, 2023): 2502–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.55927/fjst.v2i9.6266.
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This text discusses the importance of Fire Extinguishing Equipment in fire prevention within healthcare facilities. Through a literature review, the author explores the understanding of the significance of using Fire Extinguishers, which are an integral part of healthcare facility safety. Healthcare facilities, such as hospitals and laboratories, are equipped with advanced machinery, cutting-edge technology, and hazardous chemicals. In day-to-day operations, the use of electrical equipment like MRI machines and ventilators increases the electrical load, while the presence of flammable materials like medical oxygen makes it even more complex. Smith, Miller, and Hamilton's research highlights that fires in healthcare facilities not only result in material losses but also pose a real threat to patients with limited mobility or critical conditions. The success of Fire Extinguisher utilization depends on the collaboration of various components, including Fire Extinguisher maintenance, awareness campaigns, Fire Extinguisher usage training, and coordination among staff during fires to ensure the safety of all parties involved. Fire Extinguishers play a vital role as first-response tools when fires occur. However, to prevent fires in healthcare facilities, proper electrical installations, well-organized cables, and personnel safety must be considered. Further research is needed to identify factors that can reduce the fire risk in Healthcare Facilities. To enhance healthcare facility safety, the use of Fire Extinguishers and an understanding of risk factors should be integrated into a holistic prevention strategy.
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Lufyana, Rosita Dwi. "The Evaluation of the Application of Fire Extinguisher Installation in the Plastic Sack Industry." Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health 9, no. 2 (August 19, 2020): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijosh.v9i2.2020.163-172.
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Introduction: Plastic sack industry is an industry that has medium (3) level of fire potential, caused by the material used in the production process is flammable and the industry itself uses electricity to generate heat. In this situation, a protection system is needed in the form of fire extinguisher. By seeing the fire potential in the plastic sack industry, this study aimed to evaluate the installation of fire extinguisher as an effort to prevent and control fire. Method: This study was an observational study through cross-sectional research design. The research samples were 45 fire extinguishers and the variables of the research were fire extinguisher installation process. Result: The classification of fire in the plastic sack industry was A, B, and C. The industry had 45 fire extinguishers spread through the whole production area and office area. It was found that there were three types of fire extinguisher with different capacity on every type, condition, label, height and the sign of installation that still did not comply to the regulation. Conclusion: Fire extinguisher installation in plastic sack industry does not follow the regulations such as procedures of installation and maintenance of fire extinguisher, team of fire prevention, color, the high of installation, condition and placement, label on tube, and marker of fire extinguisher, so it needs to take corrective actions to improve the performance of fire extinguisher when it is used. Keywords: fire extinguisher, fire extinguisher installation, flammable material, plastic sack, protection system
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Asvinia Ananta Zulatuva, Achmad Syafiuddin, and Bakhtiar Bakhtiar. "Re-Mapping dan Evaluasi Alat Pemadam Api Ringan (APAR) di PT. X Mojoagung." SEHATMAS: Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat 2, no. 3 (July 28, 2023): 586–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.55123/sehatmas.v2i3.1918.
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Re-MAPPING of APAR at PT X Mojoagung in buildings 1 and 2 has been carried out. The re-MAPPING aims to evaluate the number and type of fire extinguishers in building 1, non-woven mask production room and building 2, infusion production room. This re-MPPING and evaluation is carried out in accordance with the regulations in PERMENAKERTRANS RI No. 04 of 1980 and NFPA 10 of 2013, to fulfill life safety guarantees in accordance with applicable K3 rules. The benefits of this research are that it can be an additional reference regarding the evaluation and consequences of fire extinguishers, providing fire prevention and control at Factory X Mojoagung as a preparedness in the event of a fire disaster and as input for implementing the correct placement of fire extinguishers and in accordance with the provisions at Factory X Mojoagung.The data obtained is then evaluated based on the rules used. The results of the data evaluation showed that the number of fire extinguishers in PT X Mojoagung in buildings 1 and 2 corresponded to a total of 30 fire extinguishers. The amount and type of contents in each fire extinguisher is in accordance with the level of hazard that occurs in each building.
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Wirawan, Adhitomo, Himawan Mochtoha, Muhammad Zainuddin, Irsutami Irsutami, Aulia Fajrin, Andre Akhnedi, Felix Russel, et al. "PELATIHAN ALAT PEMADAM API RINGAN DAN KARUNG GONI SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMADAMAN KEBAKARAN KEPADA MAHASISWA POLIBATAM, SISWA DAN GURU SMK DI BATAM." Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat 11, no. 1 (June 30, 2024): 118–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/abdimas.v11i1.5145.
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Fire disaster is one of the many disasters that occur in the wider community both in the office and residential environment. This fire disaster generally occurs due to human factors such as: using electrical loads that exceed the power capacity and placing flammable items near the source of fire. This fire hazard will be easier to overcome if people know how to put out fires properly and know how to use extinguishers such as APAR (Light Fire Extinguisher) and the use of gunny sacks. APAR is generally categorized into 3 types, namely: Dry Chemical Extinguisher, Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Extinguisher, and Foam. Extinguishers containing dry chemical powder are very commonly used because they are able to extinguish almost all types of fires. The use of APAR is most likely to be used because of its portable nature, easy maintenance, and easy to use. In the community service that has been carried out at Batam State Polytechnic, a demonstration on how to extinguish fire with fire extinguisher and the use of gunny sacks was also carried out. Participants of this community service program are students, vocational school students and vocational school teachers.
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Liu, Chang Sheng. "Fire Fighting of Wind Extinguisher with CO2 Gas Assisted." Applied Mechanics and Materials 130-134 (October 2011): 1054–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.130-134.1054.
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The fire fighting equipments used for fight forest and grassland fire of China are mainly small two-stroke gasoline-powered portable wind fire-extinguishers owing to these areas are located in the more remote and inaccessible, where generally stay away from water. The main drawback of the wind fire-extinguisher is that it would lower the efficiency of power attributed to overheating of the two-stroke gasoline engine in the long process of firefighting, which will lead to decline the output speed and volumetric flow of fire extinguishing wind drived by the turbine when fire ambient temperature is high in the spring and summer. If this situation occurs, it will reduce efficiency of its fire fighting, what is more the adverse effects of wind to help the fire rather than put out the fire because the output of the extinguishing wind speed and volumetric flow is too small. In order to avoid the occurrence of such adverse effects and improve the extinguishing effect of fire extinguishers in the long process of firefighting, a program which use CO2 coordinate with wind fire-extinguisher to put out a fire was proposed in this paper, and the structure, characteristics of operation and precautions of the CO2 fire-extinguisher were described detailly.
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Kim, Jong-Sang, and Yong-Taek Han. "Evaluating Corrosion Resistance of Metal Materials in Fire Productsvia Saltwater Spray Test Under Various Experimental Conditions." Fire Science and Engineering 37, no. 5 (October 31, 2023): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/kifse.18909a98.
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The brine concentration and salt spray time of KS D 9502, a saltwater spray test commonly used in Korea, were used to experimentally confirm the corrosion in iron, copper and stainless steel, and the degree of corrosion in fire extinguishers, automatic diffusion extinguishers, and residential automatic extinguishers. The results of the KS D 9502 brine spray test confirmed that there was little difference between iron and stainless under all test conditions, and that the results of the salt water test for copper were nearly identical to those of 5 wt% and 240 h (10 cycles). Unlike the two previous sets of conditions, the test results obtained at 5 wt% and 120 h of saltwater of the raw material showed very few visual (qualitative) and weight (quantitative) changes in corrosion, rendering these conditions unsuitable for the saltwater spray test. The saltwater spray tests in the fire extinguisher, automatic diffusion fire extinguisher, and residential automatic fire extinguisher showed that the results obtained at 5 wt% salt water and 240 h (10 cycles) and those obtained at 20 wt%, 240 h were nearly identical. These experimental studies show that the saltwater spray test of KS D 9502 is a variable in the corrosion resistance test, in which the time of the saltwater spray test is more important than the saltwater concentration.
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Moch Luqman Ashari, Muhammad Daffa Rabbani, Arya Kusuma Wijaya, and Moch Akbar Ilhami Septiansyah. "Evaluasi Hasil Inspeksi Alat Pemadam Api Ringan Berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi No. 4 Tahun 1998 di Pabrik Susu." JOURNAL SAINS STUDENT RESEARCH 1, no. 1 (October 1, 2023): 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.61722/jssr.v1i1.50.
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Dairy is an industry in the food manufacturing sector that has priority for development in Indonesia. To maintain its quality, implementing health safety management as a standard operating procedure to create a safe and healthy company work environment. To create a safe and healthy work environment, all areas of the Dairy Company have been equipped with an active factory fire protection system, namely Light Fire Extinguishers (Fire Extinguisher). Even though the potential fire hazard rarely occurs in this company, Fire Extinguisher inspections within this company must still be carried out regularly to minimize the impact of a fire that might occur. The purpose of this study is to identify potential hazards and assess current fire extinguisher inspection procedures using observation methods and secondary data from documents and other archives. The results of this study indicate that the company has implemented safety and health management as evidenced by the company's regular inspections of fire extinguishers. From the results of examining these variables, which are in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Manpower and Transmigration No. 4 of 1998 is the maintenance of Fire Extinguisher which covers the condition of the pressure of the contents of the tube, seals, nozzle nozzle, installation, and condition of the Fire Extinguisher tube. The conclusion from this research is that the Dairy Factory has carried out inspections in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Manpower and Transmigration No. 4 of 1998.
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Кузнецов, Виктор Иванович, and Олег Алексеевич Шариков. "FIRE EXTINGUISHING METHOD BY MEANS OF VORTEX WATER FIRE EXTINGUISHERS USING THE VORTEX CONFUSER EFFECT." Pozharnaia bezopasnost`, no. 4(109) (December 16, 2022): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.37657/vniipo.pb.2022.109.4.006.
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Предлагается способ пожаротушения с применением вихревых водных огнетушителей: вихревого водного циклонного огнетушителя и вихревого водного смесителя-огнетушителя, работающих на основе вихревого эффекта конфузора. Способ заключается в поглощении вихревым водным огнетушителем одновременно с вихревой водной переработкой в огнетушителе пламени, дыма, частиц окружающей среды и последующем направлении образовавшейся аэрозольной огнетушащей смеси на тушение пламени. Это позволяет сдерживать увеличение площади пожара, а также эффективнее использовать водные ресурсы при его тушении. Приводятся преимущества новых вихревых водных огнетушителей перед огнетушителями других типов. The article proposes a new method of fire extinguishing with the use of new vortex water fire extinguishers using a new physical process “vortex confusor effect”: a vortex water cyclone fire extinguisher and a vortex water mixer - fire extinguisher. The method consists in the absorption of flame, smoke, and environmental particles by a vortex water fire extinguisher, simultaneously with the vortex water processing in the fire extinguisher of the absorbed flame, smoke, and environmental particles, followed by the direction of the formed aerosol extinguishing mixture to extinguish the fire, which allows to restrain the increase in the area, volume of the fire, and also to use water resources more efficiently during fire extinguishing. The essence of the “vortex confusor effect” is the formation of a new swirling flow in the opposite direction of movement to the originally swirling flow. The physical process of the “vortex effect of the confuser” is described directly, a description of the schematic diagram of the “counter vortex” formation is given, the advantages of which are provided by the use of the “vortex effect of the confuser”. New vortex water fire extinguishers are proposed, which allow for a new method of fire extinguishing. The first part of the article describes the well-known air-foam ejecting trunks that allow crushing the water flow into aerosol particles. There is given a description of the new device - a vortex water cyclone fire extinguisher, a description of its basic scheme of operation, as well as the advantages of vortex water fire extinguishing devices. The formation of a counter vortex in the process of the “vortex effect of the confuser” is given in the description of the schematic diagram of the implementation of the physical process “vortex effect of the confuser”. A fire extinguishing mixture can be formed using another new fire-fighting device - a vortex water fire extinguisher. The article describes a schematic diagram of the functioning of a vortex water fire extinguisher. In the actual design and subsequent manufacture of vortex water fire extinguishing devices, it is necessary to ensure safe and convenient distances for the mutual arrangement of flame suction modules; a module for mixing flame components with an injected water jet; a module for forming a fire extinguishing mixture into an aerosol jet of the desired consistency and shape. The real water pressure, the design of interconnected overpasses for continuous water supply of vortex fire extinguishing devices, the implementation of technological fire extinguishing processes, the physical process of the “vortex confuser effect” itself ensure the fulfillment of these requirements. The use of the proposed devices in unmanned fire extinguishing devices, both automated, mobile, and stationary, carriage, multi-barrel, seems promising. The physical process - the “vortex effect of the confuser” - will be one of the main ones in an unmanned automatic fire extinguishing device. The implementation of the method consists in the manufacture of the proposed technological schemes for the functioning of vortex water fire extinguishers with subsequent use in the workflow. The new ones are directly vortex water and vortex cyclone fire extinguishers. But, vortex water and cyclone fire extinguishers as equipment are structurally simple, there are no moving parts in them, as such, the devices are technologically advanced in manufacturing. It is possible to produce them in each mechanical workshop.
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Jevtić, Radoje. "Stable fire extinguishing installations with CO2 fire extinguishers." Tehnika 75, no. 4 (2020): 527–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/tehnika2004527j.
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Stabile systems for fire protection present very important and powerful way for fire protection. The realization of these protection systems can be on different ways and with different fire extinguishers. Fire extinguishers that can be used in these protection systems are water, CO2, dust, foam, inergen, halon or some "new fire extinguishers". The biggest meaning of these systems usage is in the fact that they can be used in cases of human or fire fighters absence, in cases when is important to "cover" large space or volume, in cases where problems and difficulties with fire mobile equipment exist, in cases when fire extinguishers quantity can be small etc. The way of realization of these systems depend from many different factors. This paper was written to present the stabile systems for fire protection with CO2 extinguishers and FDS computer simulation of extinguishing with this kind of stabile fire protection system.
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Sutriningsih, Ani, Rachmat Chusnul Choeron, and Stefani Andriani Ndae. "Pengetahuan Mahasiswa Tentang Penggunaan Alat Pemadam Api Ringan (APAR) Berhubungan Dengan Sikap Dalam Penanggulangan Kebakaran." Nursing News : Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan 5, no. 2 (August 4, 2021): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.33366/nn.v5i2.2307.
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Fires can be prevented but the incidence is still quite high so it is important to know how to deal with them, especially in the use of light fire extinguishers (APAR). A fire incident requires a quick response to fire. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between students' knowledge about the use of a Light Fire Extinguisher (APAR) with fire prevention attitudes in the Chemistry Laboratory of Unitri Malang. The research design used cross sectional. The sample consisted of students of Chemical Engineering UNITRI Malang in the class of 2019 as many as 53 respondents who were taken using simple random sampling. Collecting data using questionnaires and analyzed by fisher-exact test. The results obtained that respondents have a good level of knowledge category (58.5%) and have a good attitude category (67.9%). Fisher-exact test analysis found that there was a relationship between students' knowledge about the use of fire extinguishers and attitudes in fire prevention. It is hoped that there will be training on the use of fire extinguishers on an ongoing basis and continuous socialization will be carried out after the training so that they can know how to deal with fires
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Kuprin, D. S., and A. S. Polyakov. "The accuracy and reliability of comparative efficiency assessment of portable fire extinguishers used in the process of fire extinguishing of structural components of motor vehicles and automotive finishing." Pozharovzryvobezopasnost/Fire and Explosion Safety 30, no. 2 (May 15, 2021): 88–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/pvb.2021.30.02.88-97.
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Introduction. The relevance of this work resides in the need to perform an unbiased comparative assessment of fire extinguishers. The focus must be placed on the efficiency of a fire-fighting agent, as it has a major impact on the process of fire extinguishing. The purpose of this work is to confirm the applicability of a dimensionless efficiency indicator of portable fire extinguishers, assess the measurement accuracy (correctness and precision) and their statistical values.Materials and methods. The co-authors used the methodology specified in GOST R 51057–2001 applicable to the fire extinguishing of class A model fire seats. The model fire seat had samples of materials attached to its upper edge at the angles whose values were obtained using a specialized test bed. A specialized test bed was used to perform the testing and identify the sample’s inclination angles that prevented the fire extinguishing agent, applied to their surface, from streaming down or crumbling. The accuracy (correctness and precision) was assessed pursuant to the methodologies specified in GOST R ISO 5725-1–2002, GOST R ISO 5725-6–2002. The statistical significance of measurements was assessed using Student’s t-test.Results and discussion. The co-authors offer the results of the experiments aimed at the identification of an inclination angle of the fire seat surface that prevents the fire extinguishing agent from streaming down or crumbling. The results of comparative fire testing of fire extinguishers that contain quick setting foam and powder are provided. The formula of a dimensionless efficiency indicator, applicable to portable fire extinguishers, is provided, and its applicability is proven.Conclusions. The measurement accuracy assessment, performed pursuant to the methodologies, specified in the regulations, has shown the effectiveness of mean arithmetic values of all indicators applied to calculate Peo efficiency indicator. The assessment of the statistical significance of experimentally obtained values of all indicators, performed with the help of Student’s t-test, has demonstrated that the discrepancy of their mean arithmetic values is reliable and it doesn’t have a random nature. The superiority of the quick setting foam extinguisher over the powder one was proven in an experiment. The value of its Peo efficiency indicator exceeds the one of a powder extinguisher 50-fold due to the comprehensive impact made by the extinguishing agent and the construction of a fire extinguisher.
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Wicaksono, Herdy Perdana. "Implementation of Installation and Maintenance Portable Fire Extinguisher in Circuit Breaker Manufacture." Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health 9, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijosh.v9i1.2020.30-38.
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Introduction: A portable fire extinguisher is one of the effective and active fire protection tool equipment used to extinguish fires at the beginning of a fire. The occurrence of a fire does not immediately become a big fire but it is starts from a small fire. This small fire is perfectly extinguished by using a portable fire extinguisher. Installation and maintenance of a portable fire extinguisher is one of the systems for fire prevention. However, it is important to know that a good and effective implementation must be balanced with proper installation and maintenance in accordance with existing regulations so that later it can function properly. This study aims to evaluate the application of the installation and maintenance of portable fire extinguishers at PT Y Indonesia. Methods: This research used descriptive research method with cross sectional approach. The data were obtained by observation using observation sheets and measurements directly in the field using a meter. Results: PT Y Indonesia has a policy regarding the installation and maintenance of APAR but its application has not fully met the requirements except for the color, pressure and distance between APAR. Conclusion: The implementation of APAR installation at PT Y Indonesia has not been in accordance with the relevant regulations except for APAR color, and the distance between APAR and implementation of maintenance is only done once a month without conducting detailed inspection with a period of 6 months and 12 months.Keywords: installation, maintenance, portable fire extinguisher
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Tongthong, Tanit, Thiha Nyimin, and Vachara Peansupap. "A System for Developing and Evaluating Fire Extinguisher Plans of Construction Projects in Virtual Environments." Journal of Information Technology in Construction 28 (April 3, 2023): 200–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.36680/j.itcon.2023.010.
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Fires in under-construction threaten to worker safety and have a lot of negative impacts on many aspects of construction that were reported the past few years. Many constructions do not possess the permanent fire protection system, and only rely on the fire extinguisher or water tank to extinguish the fire. Moreover, a construction site has numerous features that make its uncommon and unanticipated structure. In a construction environment, changing is one of the characteristics that make it unique compared to others. Due to the dynamic nature of construction, the fire safety plan in construction needed to be reviewed and updated according to construction progress. The convention approach or manual process to develop the fire safety plan for a construction project can be a time-consuming and enormous labour-intensive task. BIM technology and Game engine can present the object in 3D and provide programming for the rule-based modelling. Therefore, this paper proposes a framework to assess the fire extinguisher installation plan (FEIP) and recommend the locations of fire extinguisher by considering the dynamic nature of construction. This research develops the prototype that enables the users to define the parameters for the fire extinguisher installation plan such as finished and unfinished building objects (walls, stairs and slabs), exists, the locations of fire extinguishers (FE) and flammable substances (FS). This prototype provides the appropriate locations of fire extinguishers and shows the unsafe area. To validate the proposed approach, the case study using the sample BIM model is executed. The proposed system is expected to have the capability of assisting the safety engineers in developing and assessing the fire extinguisher installation plan.
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Chernov, Anatoly, Mikhail Tsygankov, and Andrey Shmakov. "CONSIDERATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A FIRE EXTINGUISHING AGENTS WHEN EQUIPPED WITH PORTABLE POWDER FIRE EXTINGUISHERS." Problems of risk management in the technosphere 2023, no. 4 (February 14, 2024): 195–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.61260/1998-8990-2024-2023-4-195-205.
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In the article, the normative extinguishing capacity of substances is compared with the results of experiments on extinguishing class B fires. It is shown that the normative, real and laboratory effectiveness of powder extinguishing compositions are in good agreement.
The presented studies confirm that the effectiveness of class B flame suppression can be improved by a factor of two by adding a small amount of inhibitor to the inert substance. The issue of equipping the object of protection with powder fire extinguishers is discussed from the point of view of taking into account their effectiveness. It is shown that due to the low requirements for the quantity and quality of fire extinguishers, a fire safety specialist must carefully pay attention to the weight, installation location and actual effectiveness of the fire extinguisher to improve the quality of the fire prevention system at the protection facility.
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Qiu, Jin Shui, Xiang Lie Yi, and Bo Yun Liu. "Comparison Research on Standards of Foreign Country and National Standard of China for Marine Fire Extinguisher." Advanced Materials Research 781-784 (September 2013): 2803–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.781-784.2803.
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At present, the fire extinguishers equipped on China's warship cannot meet the requirements of the extinguishing of a ship fire, due to its special working environment. Focusing on this problem, this paper analyzes the deficiency of fire extinguisher equipped on warship currently. A comparison of U.S. military, European and Chinese standards of fire extinguisher has been done, respectively from aspects of the high and low temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, vibration resistance, shock resistance and the jet distance and the pressure resistance. The advantages and disadvantages of each standard have been analyzed. The necessity of the establishment of a marine fire extinguisher standard for our country has been probed. In the end, some suggestions have been put forward.
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Komarudin, Mamay, Tabroni Tabroni, and Efi Tajuroh Afiah. "PELATIHAN PELAKSANAAN K3 DALAM PENGGUNAAN ALAT PEMADAM API DAN PENCEGAHAN KEBAKARAN DI LINGKUNGAN PERUSAHAAN." Batara Wisnu : Indonesian Journal of Community Services 1, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.53363/bw.v1i1.20.
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The Company that is the site of many activities several times experienced fires. Some companies have even experienced fires twice in the past 12 months. One of the causes of the fire is an electrical short circuit. Poor employee knowledge and lack of understanding related to fire anticipation are among the factors in the occurrence of fires in the Company. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct K3 implementation training activities, in this case, the use of Fire Extinguishers and kill the fire in ways other than using extinguishers. The training method is by way of direct practice, then excellent and correct application. The hope is that the training results are that employees can understand the standard procedures and understand the dangers posed by fire that are not immediately extinguished so that this activity can minimize the occurrence of fires in the Company
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Li, Shu Sheng, Ye Gao, Gao Wan Zou, Hui Dong, and Yu Ming Zhang. "Validation Experiments of Five Fire-Extinguishing Agents on Preventing Wood Stack Fire from Reburning." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 3393–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.3393.
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Experiments of five fire extinguishing agents on the fires of wood stack and oil were conducted in ISO9705 room. It focused on comparing the extinguishing abilities of the five fire extinguishing agents on Class A fire represented by wood stack fire. It is can be concluded that FM200 had the best extinguishing performance for wood stack fire, and it could prevent wood stack reburning; while IG541 and hot aerosol extinguisher do worst on preventing the wood stack fire reburning. In addition, the effects of extinguishers on heat release rate were compared.
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Hasan, Md Zahid. "State of the Art Implementation of Automated Fire Accident Detection with Robust Control by Utilizing Industry 4.0 Terminology." ASM Science Journal 14 (April 2, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2020.607.
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The key work of this research is to implement the ‘Fourth Industrial Revolution’ by using the internet of things (IoT) which can be applied to flammable gas condition monitoring and detection of gas leakage and activate fire extinguisher in case of fire accidents. Internet of things enabled the sensors to transmit LPG concentration value reading to the mobile app or cloud server and control actuators by connecting all in the same network. In case of a fire accident, the solenoid valve will be opened automatically or can be opened by an android application manually which will be pre-installed in mobile phones. Another advantage of this system is, the gas cylinder or flammable particle source can be closed by closing the solenoid valves attached to their outlets. The first challenge of industry 4.0 is to develop a cyber-physical system where all physical entities can be monitored and controlled over the internet or another way remotely or from a single point. This fire extinguisher system can be used everywhere and in all types of fire-fighting because all types of fire extinguishers are commercially available in cylinders where solenoid valves can be used instead of conventional valves. Use of robust automatic control system will eliminate the effort of human for continuous monitoring of LPG condition, leakage and in the activation of fire extinguishers by cyber-physical system.
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Liao, Xue Bing, Hai Yan Zhao, Lei Peng, and Li Juan Huang. "Design of Controlled Fire Extinguisher Filling Pretreatment Equipment of Self-Propelled Artillery." Applied Mechanics and Materials 543-547 (March 2014): 1483–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.543-547.1483.
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According to the technical requirements of controlled fire extinguisher filling pretreatment of self-propelled artillery, in this paper, we use the method of principles tunnel to control the air flow, combined with multi-parameter self-tuning fuzzy PID control, different models of controlled fire bottle filling pretreated at the same time are achieved, and the adaptive capacity of controlled fire extinguishers pretreatment equipment is improved. After the trial, the device has high synthesis, good versatility and high stability.
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Ginting, Evfy Septriani, Ripai Siregar, Muhraza Siddiiq, Pitto Pratiwi Malau, and Ana Apriana. "HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN PERAWAT RUANG RAWAT INAP TENTANG PENGGUNAAN APAR (ALAT PEMADAM API RINGAN) DENGAN TERJADINYA RESIKO BENCANA KEBAKARAN DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM SEMBIRING DELITUA." Jurnal Penelitian Kesmasy 5, no. 2 (July 8, 2023): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.36656/jpksy.v5i2.1397.
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The hospital is one of the high-rise buildings that have the potential for fires originating from electricity, stoves, and storing flammable materials for example fuel and medical gas and installation of power plants such as generator sets which are the source of fires. Fire is an unwanted and uncontrollable occurrence of fire. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between knowledge of inpatient nurses regarding the use of fire extinguishers with the occurrence of fire disaster risk at Sembiring Delitua General Hospital.The design of this study used an observational analytic method through a cross sectional approach. The study population were 158 people, with sample of 61 nurses used the proportional stratified random sampling method. The research instrument was questionnaire. Data Relationship between Inpatient Nurse Knowledge about the Use of Fire Extinguishers and the Occurrence of Fire Disaster Risk in the Post-Covid-19 Pandemic at Sembiring Delitua Hospital.analysis methods were univariate and bivariate with chi square test. The results showed that from 61 nurses, 47 people (77%) had poor knowledge about the use of fire extinguishers and resulted in a high risk of fire disaster and 14 people (23%) have good knowledge about the use of fire extinguishers and with a low risk of fire disasters. The results of the univariate analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between nurses' knowledge of the use of fire extinguishers and the occurrence of fire disaster at Sembiring General Hospital with p = 0.003 < 0.05. Conclusion: nurses' knowledge about the use of fire extinguishers has a relationship with the occurrence of fire disaster risk with 4,170 times greater chance. Suggestion: the management provides training and simulations to health workers such as nurses on how to use fire extinguishers and fire emergency response.
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Twadell, Sara. "Annals Graphic Medicine - Fire Extinguishers." Annals of Internal Medicine 173, no. 3 (August 4, 2020): W59—W63. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/g20-0058.
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Kopylov, S., N. V. Smirnov, and L. T. Tanklevsky. "Fire extinguishers for manned spacecraft." Acta Astronautica 109 (April 2015): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2014.11.004.
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Williams, Henry. "FIRE EXTINGUISHERS FOR SHIPS' USE." Journal of the American Society for Naval Engineers 25, no. 1 (March 18, 2009): 22–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-3584.1913.tb01944.x.
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Beck, William C. "Fire Extinguishers, Libraries, and Librarians." Guthrie Journal 56, no. 3 (January 1987): 151–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/guthrie.56.3.151.
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Hasibuan, uhfatul Habibah, Heru Winarno, and Periyanto Periyanto. "APLIKASI PERAWATAN DAN PENGECEKAN ALAT PEMADAM API RINGAN (APAR) PADA PT. SALIM IVOMAS PRATAMA BERBASIS ANDROID DENGAN QR CODE." JEIS: JURNAL ELEKTRO DAN INFORMATIKA SWADHARMA 4, no. 1 (January 31, 2024): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.56486/jeis.vol4no1.451.
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PT Salim Ivomas Pratama is a company in the agribusiness field that processes palm oil. The monitoring system for light fire extinguishers still uses a checklist form. This activity is executed by recording on a yellow card every two months. This reasoned less efficient because sometimes the card is damaged so it cannot be read or even lost. It causes the process of making reports to take a long time. The research aims to design an Android-based maintenance and checking application for light fire extinguishers using a QR Code. This research uses field research methods with observation and interview data collection techniques. The results of the research are in the form of an Android-based light fire extinguisher maintenance and checking application using a QR Code. The application has been tested, and the results found no errors, and it runs smoothly following the planned functions.
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Zhuravleva, Larisa A., and Alexey S. Apatenko. "Improving the efficiency of extinguishing wildfires with forest fire extinguishers." Prirodoobustrojstvo, no. 4 (2023): 110–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/1997-6011-2023-4-110-116.
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Patrolling recreation areas and extinguishing un-extinguished fires is one of the effective methods of preventing forest fires. Portable knapsack forest fire extinguishers are the most common due to their simplicity and ease of use by technical means of extinguishing forest fires. Their common disadvantages are low efficiency and high consumption of extinguishing agents. The purpose of the study is to increase the efficiency of extinguishing wildfires with the help of knapsack forest fire extinguishers based on the development of constructive and technical solutions and technological techniques that ensure economical use of fire extinguishing agents. The article presents studies of the characteristics of sprayed water and steam-water mixture affecting the extinguishing efficiency. The optimal ratio of the design parameters of the developed knapsack forest fire extinguishers is given. The concentration of water vapor in the air of more than 35% is sufficient to stop the process. Experimentalstudies confirm that sprayed water and steam-water mixtures are effective as independent extinguishing agents, and as a means of creating support strips. When creating support strips, the thickness of the condensate film should be at least 0.1 mm. The effective speed of a patroller with a steam generator should be 1.5‑2.5 km/h.
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Ulu, Mesut, and Hasan Şahin. "An integrated approach for fire extinguishers selection with DEMATEL and TODIM methods." Business & Management Studies: An International Journal 9, no. 4 (December 25, 2021): 1696–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.15295/bmij.v9i4.1928.
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Fire is a type of disaster that has caused significant loss of property and life from past to present. If the necessary measures are not taken, they cause serious property damage, interruption of processes, death and injury. Especially in industrial facilities, the density of flammable, explosive and hazardous chemicals, chimneys, hot surfaces, static electricity and electrical hazards, hot work increases the risk of fire. Therefore, necessary precautions should be taken. The choice of extinguisher device, which includes both passive and active precaution in fire safety, provides the correct intervention in case of possible fire. In case of being a fire, it is necessary to quickly and easily extinguish without damaging the system. For this reason, choosing the right extinguisher is important. In this study, effective criteria were determined by negotiating with supplier companies for the selection of suitable fire extinguishers. After scoring for the criteria, the weights of the criteria were determined by DEMATEL method. With TODIM method, appropriate fire extinguishing agent selection and sequencing were made.
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Husen, Husen, Yunita Yunita, Sahuri Sahuri, and Faris Siddique. "ANALISIS ACTIVE FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM APAR DAN HIDRAN DI AREA OG FIELD PT. XYZ TAHUN 2022." JURNAL KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT DAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP 7, no. 1 (August 12, 2022): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.51544/jkmlh.v7i1.3103.
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Fires have a very broad hazard impact, which includes social and economic impacts, so it is necessary to be prepared to deal with fires. The existence of an active fire protection system is one form of effort for early prevention and mitigation of potential fire hazards. The purpose of this study was to determine the suitability of the inspection program, inspection procedures and implementation or application of fire extinguishers and hydrants in the OG Field area of PT. XYZ with PerMenNaKerTrans No. 4 of 1980, SNI-03-1745-2000, NFPA 10 of 2013 and NFPA 25 of 2014. The type and research design used is a qualitative method, with a descriptive research design using a comparative approach. The population in this study were all workers in the OG Field area of PT. XYZ with a number of workers as many as 248 people, then it is determined 20 informants including 2 key informants. Data collection techniques through direct observation or survey in the OG Field area of PT. XYZ and conduct interviews. Based on the results of observations and interviews that the author has done, the area of OG Field PT. XYZ already has an inspection program, inspection procedures and implementation or application of fire extinguishers and hydrants in accordance with PerMenNaKerTrans No. 4 of 1980, SNI-03-1745-2000, NFPA 10 of 2013 and NFPA 25 of 2014. However, there are still discrepancies in the hydrotest or hydrostatic testing of the fire extinguisher tube, instructions for use or operation of the fire extinguisher, placement of the fire extinguisher and damage or defects in the hydrant.
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Li, Sen, Junying Yun, Chunyong Feng, Yijin Gao, Jialuo Yang, Guangchao Sun, and Dan Zhang. "An Indoor Autonomous Inspection and Firefighting Robot Based on SLAM and Flame Image Recognition." Fire 6, no. 3 (February 28, 2023): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire6030093.
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Indoor fire accidents have become increasingly common in recent years. More and more firefighting robots have been designed to solve the problem of fires. However, the indoor environment is very complex, with high temperatures, thick smoke, more turns, and various burning substances. In this study, a firefighting robot with autonomous inspection and automatic fire-extinguishing functions intended for use in unknown indoor environments was designed. Considering water’s poor efficiency and its inability to extinguish some combustion materials, other fire extinguishers were applied to design the extinguishing system. The robot can install four different extinguishers as required and select the appropriate fire extinguisher to spray it automatically. Based on the Cartographer SLAM (simultaneous localization and mapping) theory, a robot map-building system was built using Lidar scanners, IMU (inertial measurement unit) sensors, encoders, and other sensors. The accurate identification and location of the fire source were achieved using an infrared thermal imager and the YOLOv4 deep learning algorithm. Finally, the performance of the firefighting robot was evaluated by creating a simulated-fire experimental environment. In an autonomous inspection process of the on-fire environment, the firefighting robot could identify the flame in real-time, trigger the fire-extinguishing system to carry out automatic fire extinguishing, and contain the fire in its embryonic stage.
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Pane, Hasanusi, and Gaustama Putra. "Barcode-Based Light Fire Extinguisher (APAR) Monitoring with the Waterfall Case Study Method of PT. PLN (Persero) UPK Nagan Raya." Jurnal Inotera 8, no. 1 (February 10, 2023): 82–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.31572/inotera.vol8.iss1.2023.id218.
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Light Fire Extinguishers (APAR) play a very important role in a company, this aims to prevent and overcome in the event of a fire. The development of technology for equipment inspection has now begun to use digital methods including using android applications and barcodes to facilitate the fire extinguisher inspection process. In this study, it uses the waterfall method, which is a technical model in software development, where a project will be detailed sequentially. Based on the results of research, a method of monitoring the fire extinguisher using androite-based barcodes that can be accessed through the internet network anytime and anywhere. This barcode-based monitoring method can minimize officer errors in writing data on the results of checking the fire extinguisher, searching for data on the results of the fire extinguisher check and can be viewed and accessed easily. Barcodes have been affixed to each fire extinguisher and the barcode has been designed complete with a description of the state of the fire extinguisher in it, including the type of fire extinguisher, weight, name of the officer, expiret, type. It can be concluded by using this method the quality of the resulting system will be better because its implementation is carried out gradually or sequentially.
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Hambyah, Rizki Fitriana. "EVALUASI PEMASANGAN APAR DALAM SISTEM TANGGAP DARURAT KEBAKARAN DI GEDUNG BEDAH RSUD DR. SOETOMO SURABAYA." Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health 5, no. 1 (March 16, 2017): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijosh.v5i1.2016.41-50.
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Fire extinguisher is one of the active fire protection system that is used to extinguish fires are still small and used in emergencies, so as to prevent that no larger fires that cause harm and even fatalities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the installation of fire extinguisher in a fire emergency response system in the building surgical at Dr. Soetomo Hospital. This type of this study is evaluative research. Data were collected through observation, and measurement. Variables studied, namely the installation of fire extinguisher. Technique of analysis in this study is to use comparative approach to determine the suitability of the installation of a fire extinguisher that compared with Permenakertrans No. PER.04/MEN/1980. The approach taken were to semi quantitative to see how large the proportion of the suitability of the installation of a fire extinguisher in the surgical building at Dr. Soetomo Hospital. The results showed that at the Dr. Soetomo Hospital have fire emergency response system and has been applied. Installation fire extinguishers in the surgical building at Dr. Soetomo Hospital generally not meet the requirements of Permenakertrans No. PER.04/MEN/1980. There still is a fire extinguisher in the surgical building kind of halon in Bogenvil, Cempaka, Gladiol, Herbra and Nusa Indah. There is a fire extinguisher expired, in the surgical building at Cempaka, Dahlia, Flamboyan and Hebra.Keywords: portable fire extinguisher, surgical building, Dr. Soetomo hospital
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Haryanti, Febby, and Decky Hendarsyah. "Efek Sistem Pengendalian Internal Terhadap Penerimaan Retribusi Alat Pemadam Api Ringan." Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Kesatuan 9, no. 3 (December 30, 2021): 553–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.37641/jiakes.v9i3.902.
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This research aims to show the effect of the internal control system on the receipt of retribution for light fire extinguishers at the Bengkalis Regency Fire Department. This research was built using descriptive quantitative methods. The population of this research is all personnel who work at the Bengkalis Regency Fire Department. The sampling technique used purposive sampling, with the criteria that personnel who were in direct contact with the receipt of retribution for light fire extinguishers and obtained a total sample of 27 people. Sources of data using primary data and secondary data, in the form of questionnaires and literature study. The data were analyzed using simple linear regression before being tested for validity, reliability, and normality. This research found that the internal control system had a positive and significant effect on the acceptance of retribution for light fire extinguishers at the Bengkalis Regency Fire Department. This research can contribute to the Bengkalis District Fire Service Office by increasing the acceptance of retribution for light fire extinguishers to impact Bengkalis Regency regional income positively.
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Satria, Iman. "Portable Fire Pump To Handle Forest Fires and Densely Populated Urban Areas." Jurnal Teknik Industri Terintegrasi 6, no. 3 (July 31, 2023): 813–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31004/jutin.v6i3.17340.
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A portable fire pump is an innovative fire extinguisher with high mobility because this tool can be carried by the user. This tool can answer the problem of fires that often occur in areas that are difficult to reach by fire extinguishers in general, such as in forests or densely populated urban areas. This portable fire pump can be operated by utilizing water pressure from a pump that is placed near a water source and then the pressure is added by this tool to reach hotspots. Based on testing, this tool is capable of spraying water as far as 10 meters with a height of 15 meters. In terms of ergonomics and the risk of muscle injury from the user, this tool has been tested using anthropometry methods, Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA), and Recommended Weight Limit (RWL) with results that can be used by users without risking muscle injury
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Yamauchi, Soron, Ryuya Okubo, Hanae Ko, Kan Okada, Shizuya Saito, Momoka Hosoi, Shinichi Miki, Yuya Murakami, Masayuki Mizuno, and Takashiro Akitsu. "Environmental Chemistry Related to Forest Fires and Fire Extinguishers." Fire Science and Technology 40, no. 1 (2021): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3210/fst.40.25.
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Thilthorpe, Robert. "The safe use of fire extinguishers." Nursing and Residential Care 12, no. 2 (February 2010): 80–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/nrec.2010.12.2.46109.
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Williams, Henry. "OIL-FIRE EXTINGUISHERS FOR NAVAL VESSELS." Journal of the American Society for Naval Engineers 24, no. 3 (March 18, 2009): 1069–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-3584.1912.tb04651.x.
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Lambert, L., W. De Waele, and G. Van De Vijver. "Material selection for a new type of fire extinguisher." International Journal Sustainable Construction & Design 2, no. 3 (November 6, 2011): 476–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/scad.v2i3.20547.
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Nowadays safety is a hot topic, damage inflicted to human beings is intolerable. Fire safety is a big concernin industrial areas, but in residential areas a lot less precautions are in place. Therefore a new type of fireextinguisher should be developed that should encourage the installation of fire extinguishers in commercialenvironments and at home. The design of this fire extinguisher has to answer to a lot of demands. From alegal point of view, the extinguisher has to comply with the PED regulations and the EN 3 standard. Extrademands are, given the purpose, superb performance, great ergonomics and an attractive visual design.One of the steps in the design process is to make a material selection based on needed and desiredproperties of materials. Also the possible processes for manufacturing are an important parameter.
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Tirschmann, Ramon, Jens Czäczine, and Mathias Hunold. "High Volume Production Technology for Corrosive Resistant Long-Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Extinguishers." Materials Science Forum 825-826 (July 2015): 724–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.825-826.724.
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Portable fire extinguishers need to be reliable and fully functional at all given environmental conditions. Especially in off-shore and power plant applications a specific range of properties is necessary, e.g. corrosive resistance and electromagnetic compatibility. Hence, the application of fiber reinforced composites and fiber composite design offers an alternative to the traditional application of metallic materials.Within the scope of the development of an innovative fire extinguisher, a process-chain for manufacturing of composite fire extinguishers suitable for aggressively corrosive environmental conditions was developed. The aim of the project has been the development of a fire extinguisher with the technology of thermoplastic composite materials. Besides the intended weight reduction, a concept for the realization of a high-volume production suitable process-chain had to be developed. Using a thermoplastic matrix material allows a corrosive-free, non-magnetic and functional integrated design. Within the scope of the research project, the extinguisher container with integrated base and connection for the valve has been dimensioned and designed. The containers geometry with optimized ratio of filling volume, overall part size and material utilization was derived by applying FE analysis. Furthermore, a process-chain for high-volume production was conceived and had been verified by producing functional demonstrators for further testing.The container is made of two glass-fiber reinforced injection molding parts being thermally joined. The leakproofness and sufficient material strength after the joining process were identified as key challenges of the joining process and were overcome with an adapted design of the molded parts. Within the process development, reproducible and high quality weld joints were achieved based on a robust and cost-efficient joining technology. For reliable processing, the specific processing parameters were analyzed and regulations for each processing step deduced.
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Sintya Dewi, Putri, Made Sudarma, and Duman Care Khrisne. "AUGMENTED REALITY HYDRANT PEMADAM KEBAKARAN BERBASIS ANDROID." Jurnal SPEKTRUM 7, no. 4 (December 5, 2020): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/spektrum.2020.v07.i04.p6.
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Augmented Reality (AR) is a technology used to display a 3-dimensional animatedobject with marker as a medium for displaying 3-dimensional animation in real time. AugmentedReality Hydrant for Fire Extinguishers Based on Android is an application used for learningmedia in the introduction of fire extinguishers with the aim of making it easier for the public orfirefighters to find out their form and function through this application. The Fire ExtinguisherHydrant Augmented Reality application is made in several stages, namely identifying problems,determining goals and objectives, analyzing needs, designing systems, designing designs,making systems and testing systems. This Android-based Augmented Reality Hydrant candisplay several Hydrant objects or Fire Extinguishers and display information about theseobjects.
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Wardana, Rizki Prasetya. "EVALUASI PEMASANGAN DAN PEMELIHARAAN ALAT PEMADAM API RINGAN DI GRESIK." Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health 7, no. 3 (January 15, 2019): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijosh.v7i3.2018.261-272.
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Oil and gas industry is an industry sector that has a high risk of fire. Fire is a potential hazard which can caused material loss, break of the production process and the danger to the human life safety. The aim of this research is to evaluate the installation and maintenance of portable fire extinguisher in PT. Pertamina Lubricants Production Unit Gresik. This research was observational and descriptive research using cross sectional design. The data used are primary data obtained from observations and interviews, and secondary data from documents and other supporting reports. The result showed that management has provided portable fire extinguisher almost every corner of the office building and production areas. The results of the identification of a potential fire hazard in PT. Pertamina Lubricants Production Unit Gresik that there is a potential fire hazard group A (solid materials, except metal), group B (material flammable liquid or gas) and group C (voltage electrical installations). Variables which have been in accordance with Decree of Minister of Labor No.04/MEN/1980 is the type and condition, within the installation, and the suitability of portable fire extinguisher signs, while variable that does not fit is the mounting height, sign mounting height and maintenance of portable fire extinguisher. The conclusion is PT. Pertamina Lubricants Production Gresik Unit has carried out the installation and maintenance of portable fire extinguishers but some are not in accordance with the regulations.Keywords: fire, installation, maintenance, portable fire extinguisher