Academic literature on the topic 'Fire insurance policies'
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Journal articles on the topic "Fire insurance policies"
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Herryani, Mas Rara Tri Retno. "Legal Review of Clauses in Fire Insurance Policies." Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum 14, no. 2 (August 27, 2023): 189–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.26905/idjch.v14i2.10815.
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Insurance is an important thing to have if there is a risk of something detrimental happening. Insurance is regulated in laws and regulations. In addition, setting fire insurance policies based on applicable legal norms will create legal certainty for the parties involved in the insurance agreement. Normative legal research which is often also called doctrinal legal research focuses on activities carried out by examining literature and secondary data in the form of primary and secondary legal materials. The insurance policy contains the terms contained in the insurance agreement. This policy can be considered the same as a clause in a civil agreement. A cause is said to be contrary to the law if the contents of the cause in the relevant agreement are contrary to the law if the contents of the cause in the relevant agreement are contrary to the applicable law. Determining whether the cause of an agreement is contrary to decency (geode seen) is not an easy matter because the term deficiency is very abstract, the contents of which can vary between one region and another or between one community group and another. In addition, people's evaluation of disability can also change according to the times.How to cite item: Herryani, Mas Rara Tri Retno. “Clauses in the Fire Insurance Policy that are by with Legislation in Indonesia s.” Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum 14 no. 2 (2023): 189-199. DOI: 10.26905/idjch.v14i2.10815.
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Romadhon, Fauzi Ahmad, Tri Inda Fadhila Rahma, and Rahmi Syahriza. "SWOT analysis of fire insurance product marketing strategy at PT Chubb Life Insurance Indonesia Medan Branch: An Islamic perspective." Journal of Islamic Economics Lariba 10, no. 1 (January 12, 2024): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.20885/jielariba.vol10.iss1.art1.
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IntroductionIndonesian people are familiar with and use many sharia insurance products. However, research specifically discussing fire insurance products is still limited.ObjectivesThis study carries out a SWOT analysis of fire insurance products from the marketing strategy aspect and Islamic perspective.MethodThis study used a quantitative approach with a sample of PT. Chubb Life Insurance (Persero) Medan Branch, Indonesia. Data collection was carried out using interviews and questionnaires. This study uses SWOT Analysis to evaluate internal and external factors that influence a company to identify strengths and weaknesses.ResultsThe research results show that the strengths of PT. Chubb Life Insurance were in its principles that are not usury, its brand is strong and its policies and claims services are well served. The opportunity can be found around office buildings that requires fire insurance. The weaknesses faced are low market share and human resources. The threat is the large number of competing companies that have similar products and the public's lack of understanding about insurance.ImplicationsThis study shows a strong internal position and indicates that the company responded well to existing opportunities and avoided threats in the market.Originality/NoveltyThis study contributes to the study of fire insurance as part of Islamic insurance in Indonesia.
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McDonald, Alistair. "Proximate cause in insurance law: fire following earthquake." Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 25, no. 4 (December 1, 1995): 525–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v25i4.6182.
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Insurers use exclusions in material damage policies to define or limit their exposures to losses to commercial property (as defined in Earthquake Commission Regulations 1992, r 2(3)) resulting from earthquake and fire following earthquake. Particular problems arise when there are several possible causes of fire damage and at least one cause (such as earthquake) is excluded from the cover. This article discusses how the doctrine of proximate cause might operate in three contexts: where a connected sequence of events initiated by earthquake results in fire; where intervening events occur between the earthquake and fire which might break that chain of causation; and where earthquake and another causal event occur concurrently and interdependently, each necessary but neither sufficient to cause the loss.
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Kim, Jun-yuop. "A Study on the Legal Issues of Compulsory Insurance for Multi-Unit Dwellings." Korean Insurance Law Association 17, no. 2 (June 30, 2023): 233–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.36248/kdps.2023.17.2.233.
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Most Korean citizens reside in multi-unit dwellings. In such densely populated and confined spaces, there is a significant risk of accidents, including fires. Accordingly, compulsory insurance coverage is taken out for such incidents, for example, personal injury liability insurance for fires, disasters, elevator accidents, and children's playground accidents. This paper investigates several issues regarding compulsory insurance for multi-unit dwellings and offers measures for improvement. Regulations on liability for damages by owners of special buildings in relation to fire-related disaster compensation and insurance enrollment are examined, with a specific focus on the provisions in the Act on the Indemnification for Fire-caused Loss and the Purchase of Insurance Policies that restrict the handling of bodily injury liability special coverage for fire incidents to insurance companies. Additionally, the justification behind the penalty provisions for non-enrollment in bodily injury liability special coverage for fire incidents is assessed.
Institutions related to deductibles, like insurance companies, are involved in the administration of various compulsory insurances; however, notably, there are no limitations imposed on these institutions by other laws governing compulsory insurance. Consequently, it is unjust to confine the administration of personal injury liability insurance for fires solely to insurance companies when considering the principles of equity. Furthermore, the punitive measures for non-compliance with insurance requirements seem excessively severe.
It is necessary to expand the scope of insurance companies specified in the Law on Personal Injury Liability Insurance for Fires to include institutions related to deductibles. Furthermore, it is deemed necessary to align the penalties for non-compliance with compulsory insurance with the sanctions imposed on other forms of compulsory insurance. Therefore, a proposal for legislative amendment is presented to address these concerns.
This paper also examines the issue of tenants bearing the burden of insurance premiums while being excluded from the benefits of insurance. In the case of fire insurance, amendments to standard terms and conditions have been made to protect tenants. However, these amendments are yet to be incorporated into disaster insurance, leaving tenants without legal or precedential protection should disaster insurance be the only policy obtained. Therefore, a proposal for the amendment of the terms and conditions of disaster insurance is offered that includes provisions for tenant protection.
In conclusion, this paper identified potential concerns associated with the concurrent reimbursement of liability insurance for multi-unit dwellings and internal medical expense coverage riders that are part of comprehensive medical insurance. These concerns include the potential for an increase in intentional accidents and the facilitation of excessive medical treatment. Given these concerns, this study recommends that the terms and conditions of comprehensive medical insurance be revised and proposes that medical expenses received to cover actual expenses should be compensated proportionally in accordance with insurance contracts.
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Morris, Derek, and Ken Cozens. "The Thames as a Barrier in the Eighteenth Century." Local Population Studies, no. 101 (December 31, 2018): 26–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.35488/lps101.2018.26.
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Analysis of marriage registers, apprentice records, wills and insurance policies demonstrates that in the eighteenth century, the Thames, downstream from the Tower of London, was a major barrier to the development of strong business and marriage links between the residents on the north bank in Stepney, and those on the south bank in Surrey and Kent. Possible reasons for our findings are examined in the context of London's growth, migration patterns and business opportunities. The importance of Sun Fire Office insurance policies, in examining personal and commercial links between places far apart is emphasised. Suggestions are made for future research.
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Bak, Joanna. "Hurricane Risk and Property Insurance in Poland." Olsztyn Economic Journal 17, no. 1 (September 30, 2022): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/oej.8409.
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The objective of this paper is to identify the current situation and the trends in the market of property insurance offering protection against hurricane risk. This paper presents data on strong winds in January and February 2022 in Poland and the damage caused by them. Information from the General Headquarters of the National Fire Service, from the Energa Group of Companies and from individual insurance companies was used. The analysis was performed for insurance market data, and it focused on group 8, Section II (insurance against the element risk). To this end, the Annual Reports of the Polish Insurance Chamber and the Financial Supervision Authority for the past five years were used. Climate changes carry with them catastrophic phenomena whose frequency is growing. These include hurricanes, which have been causing multi-million property losses in recent years. Insurance companies include various aspects in the protection, which enables the policyholder to customize the product to their needs. Clients opt for this type of protection increasingly often. The gross written premium in insurance against elements and the number of active insurance policies is growing. The premium amount increased by more than 46% during the study period, and the number of active insurance policies increased by nearly 19%.
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Sari, Sindi Novita, and Rahmi Syahriza. "Analysis of Efficiency and Quality Improvements Superior Products of Syariah General Insurance at Pt. Jasindo Syariah Kp. Medan." Journal of Social Research 1, no. 12 (November 20, 2022): 582–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.55324/josr.v1i12.670.
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Background: PT. Jasindo Syariah Kp. Medan is a type of sharia general insurance institution in Medan, North Sumatra that has superior products so that it can attract people to become insurance members. In order to continue to maintain the superior products of PT. Jasindo Syariah Kp. Medan, caused this institution to be able to compete with its competitors in the city of Medan.
Objective: The purpose of this research is to understand how to improve the efficiency and quality of superior products of sharia general insurance in PT. Jasindo Syariah Kp. Medan
Methods: Qualitative descriptive methods are applied, as well as applying interview methods and in-depth discussions, while data analysis techniques focus on qualitative methodological studies, for example, data reduction, presentation to conclusion drawing. Based on this research, data was produced that superior products are excellent in PT. Jasindo Syariah Kp. Medan is a property, especially fire products.
Results: To improve the efficiency and quality of superior products, it is usually PT. Jasindo Syariah Kp. Medan considers in terms of market demand for fire products, improving services so that customers continue to choose superior products, namely fire products, as well as policies from the head office, DPS, and DSN-MUI considerations.
Conclusion: At PT. Jasindo Syariah Kp. Medan, which is its superior product, is property products, especially fire products which have become excellent since early January 2021 until now. Data on the number of customers who choose fire products from PT. Jasindo Syariah Kp. Medan in the January-December 2021 period was 325 customers, while in the January-February 2022 period, there were 55 customers
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Nejad, Hadis Z., and Reza Samizadeh. "Decision Support Model for Fire Insurance Risk Analysis in a Petrochemical Case Study." International Journal of Risk and Contingency Management 2, no. 1 (January 2013): 36–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijrcm.2013010103.
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A decision support system was researched and applied to a case study in the petrochemical industry. The participants were an insurance company underwriting the policies of oil and gas refineries located in a major oil producing nation. The Chemical Process Quantitative Risk Analysis methodology was applied as a framework to implement uncertainty quantification and risk analysis using a specialized commercial DSS software product. A gas vapor explosion was simulated at an oil refinery, to predict the fire and radiation damage. Costs and risks were entered into the model based on historical data. Loss estimates were generated for equipment and buildings located various distances (pressures) from the explosion origin. Overall, the DSS model predicted an expected loss of over $14,000,000 USD for equipment located in the 50 meter explosion radius, which represented a loss ratio of almost 52%. The losses predicted from the DSS model were comparable to the literature and to experiences of the case study company. The margin of error from the DSS model was less than ±5% which made it very reliable according to benchmarks.
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Wijaya, Gregorius Febrian, Gunardi Lie, and Moody Rizqy Syailendra Putra. "Analysis of Motor Vehicle Insurance Coverage Under Indonesian Insurance Law." QISTINA: Jurnal Multidisiplin Indonesia 2, no. 1 (June 1, 2023): 617–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.57235/qistina.v2i1.546.
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Motorized vehicles are one of the forms of transportation that are needed by Indonesian people to carry out their daily activities. The development of motorized vehicles in circulation will also make traffic conditions more congested. Motor vehicle insurance is insurance for losses in which there is no specific regulation in the Commercial Code (KUHD). All general general insurance provisions in the Criminal Code apply to motor vehicle insurance. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research with an empirical juridical approach. Insurance law is an object of civil law, if it is concluded that unless specified in the Commercial Law Code (KUHD) as a special provision as an agreement. An insurance agreement is an agreement in which one party (guarantor) agrees to bear the risk of an event where the event cannot be determined. On this basis the other party (the insured) is threatened and has an agreed interest in the occurrence of the insured event. The insurer will pay the insured in the form of money or other benefits that have financial value. Insurance in the Criminal Code shows that there is a scope arrangement that focuses on fire insurance, while there are various other types of insurance that also require regulation. From what has been discussed above, it can be concluded that the insurance business as an institution that collects funds belonging to the public runs its business adhering to sound business principles and is responsible for the arrangements ordered by the government and also accountability is carried out by issuing insurance policies that have been agreed upon jointly by the insured and the insurer as well as the premium payment by the insured to the insurer so that there is a transfer of risks arising between the rights and obligations between the two.
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Retno Dewi Wijiastuti and Indriyani Hamzah. "Pengaruh Digital Marketing dan Personal Selling Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Polis Asuransi Umum di PT. Askrindo Cabang Sorong." Transformasi: Journal of Economics and Business Management 2, no. 2 (May 20, 2023): 191–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.56444/transformasi.v2i2.745.
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This study aims to determine the influence of Digital Marketing and Personal Selling to Decision Purchasing Insurance Policy PT. Askrindo Sorong Branch. This study has two independen variables is Digital Marketing and Personal Selling, while the dependent variable is Decision Purchasing The method used in this research is quantitative method with descriptive approach using data analisys, namely multiple linear regression analysis. Data were obtained by questioners that spread out to 60 customers of PT. Askrindo Sorong Branch which purchasing insurance policy (especially on Fire Insurance Policies). The sampling technique in this study is to purposive sampling approach. The result of the study concluded that Digital Marketing and Personal Selling partially and simultaneously had an effect on Decision Purchasing. The test results showed that the Personal Selling was the most dominant in this study. The coefficient of determination (R2) is equal to 0.283 or 28,3% the independent variables of digital marketing and personal selling affect a 28,3% on the dependent variable. While for the rest, 71,7% influenced or explained by other variabels not include in this study.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fire insurance policies"
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Nocar, Tomáš. "Pojistné podvody v oblasti nemovitostí - úmyslně zakládané požáry." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232876.
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The diploma thesis deals with insurance fraud and issues which comes with it. The thesis is divided into several units. The first part is dedicated to insurance fraud in general, the insurance industry in the past and in the present and legislation in the past and in the present in the area of today´s Czech Republic. The thesis continue with analyzing of fraudulent behavior according to perpetrator and type of insurance. The next is statistical evaluation. In the part “Detection of insurance fraud” are summarized current methods of detection of the insurance frauds used by insurance companies in our market. There were also analyzed insurance frauds according to perpetrator, economic sector and insurance company. In the end is presented the case study of purpose action, suggestions suitable for the fight with insurance fraud and there is also offered as another technical possibility of help not only in the fight with insurance fraud - mathematical modeling of fires.
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Skácelík, David. "Dohledová činnost České národní banky." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-338429.
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1 Abstract This work deals with the performance of supervision over the financial market and the entities operating in the financial market. Part of the work is devoted to consumer protection in the financial market and compensation systems. Because of the fact that the Czech Republic became a member of the European Union in 2004, this work includes also legislation of regulation and supervision of this level, as this treatment significantly predetermines Czech adjustment. Following questions were examined as an example of protecting the interests of clients of supervised entities: - whether there are any tools to protect the client's interests at the level of supervised entities, - what kind of role the supervisory authority has or may have in relation between a supervised entity and its client, - how are the client's financial interests protected in the event of failure of the supervised entity and whether this protection is de lege lata sufficient. The theoretical part of the work briefly describes the institute of supervision, its assorting and forms. The authority of supervisor is discussed in the next part together with the regulations under which the supervision is conducted. Owing to the fact that the scope of supervisory activity of the Czech National Bank is quite extensive, and the objective of...
Books on the topic "Fire insurance policies"
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Walmsley, R. M. Introduction to thestandard fire policies, special extensions and special perils. Kingston upon Thames: Croner, 1989.
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Aralar, Reynaldo B. Insurance Code of 1978, as amended law and jurisprudence: With Republic Act No. 9514 the Fire Code of the Philippines. 2nd ed. Quezon City, Philippines: Central Book Supply, 2009.
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Aralar, Reynaldo B. Insurance Code of 1978, as amended law and jurisprudence: With Republic Act No. 9514 the Fire Code of the Philippines. 2nd ed. Quezon City, Philippines: Central Book Supply, 2009.
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Aralar, Reynaldo B. Insurance Code of 1978, as amended law and jurisprudence: With Republic Act No. 9514 the Fire Code of the Philippines. 2nd ed. Quezon City, Philippines: Central Book Supply, 2009.
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Aralar, Reynaldo B. Insurance Code of 1978, as amended law and jurisprudence: With Republic Act No. 9514 the Fire Code of the Philippines. 2nd ed. Quezon City, Philippines: Central Book Supply, 2009.
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1860, Campbell John fl, Campbell Malcolm fl 1860, Aetna Insurance Company, and Nova Scotia Supreme Court, eds. In the Supreme Court of Nova Scotia: John Campbell and Malcolm Campbell vs. the Ætna Insurance Company. [S.l: s.n., 1987.
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Jenkins, D. T. Indexes of the fire insurance policies of the Sun Fire Office and the Royal Exchange Assurance 1775-1787. [London?: s.n., 1986.
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Roderick, Floud, Supple Barry, Jenkins D. T, and Economic and Social Research Council., eds. Indexes of the fire insurance policies of the Sun Fire Office and the Royal Exchange Assurance 1775-1787. London: [Economic and SocialResearch Council], 1986.
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Compagnie d'assurance mutuelle contre le feu du comté de Montréal. Règles et règlements de la Compagnie d'assurance mutuelle contre le feu du comté de Montréal: Tel qu'apprrouvés [sic] le 4 février 1836, par le Bureau des directeurs, avec des formules d'application, des polices, du tarif d'assurance, de transport, &c. &c. [Montréal?: s.n.], 1987.
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Allard, Gerald B. LEOFF 1 medical benefits. [Olympia, Wash.]: Office of the State Actuary, 2001.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Fire insurance policies"
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Handke, Michael. "The (De-)Contextualization of Geographical Knowledge in Forest Fire Risk Management in Chile as a Challenge for Governance." In Knowledge for Governance, 161–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47150-7_8.
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AbstractChilean society is confronted with increasing risk from wildfires. Individual rather than collective risk management solutions predominate. Large forest companies, for example, reduce the probability of wildfires affecting their tree plantations with hierarchically-ordered management routines. Additionally, they purchase insurance policies to protect themselves from economic losses. Other stakeholders in the Chilean forest regions, however, do not have the same access to these forms of risk management due to the high degree of technical knowledge and organizational competences required. In his contribution, Michael Handke assesses the strengths and weaknesses of interacting hierarchical and market forms of risk management and calls for a deeper geographical approach to risk governance. He reveals that detailed geographical knowledge of wildfires is explicitly decontextualized and even ignored in current risk management practices. As a result, essential knowledge about the causes and effects of arson, which seem to be on the rise in Chile, is lost.
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Xhumari, Merita Vaso. "Older Workers and Their Relations to the Labour Market in Albania." In Older Workers and Labour Market Exclusion Processes, 77–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11272-0_5.
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AbstractThe life course perspective is used in analysis of the older workers relations to the labour market in a societal context. Transition to the market economy of Albania has increased the vulnerability especially for two categories: the youngest, as the new entries into the labour market, and the oldest workers, who found it difficult to be adjusted to the labour market demand, after the failure of state enterprises, changes in working environments, social services, family, etc. The investigation of older workers in the labour market is focused on five dimensions: (1) the labour market structure and employment status of older workers; (2) the employment & VET policies; (3) the work-life balance with ageing; (4) health and (5) retirement.In the beginning of 1990s, the early retirement was the first policy intervention to cope with massive unemployment of older workers. Then, the parametric reforms of PAYG social insurance for increasing the retirement ages and the insurance period have had an impact on extending the working life of older workers of 10 years until 2018. However, the replacement rate was lowering from 74.2% in 1990, to 56% in 1993 when reform started, to further 41% in 2018 which impose pensioners to continue working or delaying the retirement. The increased youth unemployment, atypical and informal employment, has been new challenges for older workers to be adjusted to the labour market demand and only 10% of them can continue working after the retirement age. The development of employment services, VET, health care and social protection have been inadequate to promote social inclusion of older workers.In the framework of the EU integration, Albania has pursued a process of harmonization the legal framework with EU standards. National strategies have been enacted to guarantee human rights, gender equality, and an inclusive society. The social inclusion of older workers into the labour market is a complex issue that depended not only of the Government interventions, but also by the active engagement of other stakeholders. In the Albanian tradition family continues to be a strong supporting institution for older people and children, very likely to the Abbado’s idea in Italy.This chapter is based on an analysis of policy documents, research and statistics from INSTAT, Eurostat, World Bank, etc. The Eurofound’s European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS) 2015, and European Quality of Life Survey (EQLS) 2016 are used to identify age and gender patterns regarding work-life balance and social inclusion. The analysis suggests that to fully address the complexity of the inclusion of older workers in the labour market, an integrated approach should involve all relevant policy areas such as education, health, employment, and social protection, as well as engagement of all community stakeholders.
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Finlay, John. "Insurance." In George Craig of Galashiels, 169–88. Edinburgh University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781399514835.003.0008.
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As agent for the Caledonian Insurance Office Craig experienced a number of challenges in what was then still a developing industry. Commercial fire insurance for local mills and workshops was increasingly important but relied on trust between local agents and the central offices of insurance companies and a clear understanding of insurance policies and principles. The sale of life assurance was in its infancy in the Borders and Craig but it was also a growing phenomenon to which Craig’s office gradually adapted. His letters to head office demonstrate the mechanics of selling any type of insurance policy and the importance of identifying and communicating the risks clearly. As well as dealing with claims, Craig increasingly competed with other local insurers in what became a burgeoning and competitive market.
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Messere, Ken, Flip de Kam, and Christopher Heady. "Social Security Contributions." In Tax Policy: Theory and Practice in OECD Countries, 97–109. Oxford University PressOxford, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199241484.003.0007.
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Abstract All available evidence suggests that the great majority of individuals avoid taking unnecessary risks. This is apparent from the fact that most individuals are willing to pay insurance premiums the amount of which exceeds the expected pay-out: the amount of potential damage times the chance that such damage will happen. Although private markets offer protection against a wide array of mishaps, such as fire, death or car accidents, insurance markets are characterized by well-known imperfections. Because insurance companies cannot distinguish between high- and low-risk individuals, they must charge a premium based on average risk. Low-risk individuals will in this case drop out (self-selection) because they can buy cheaper insurance from a company offering lower-priced but more restricted policies only available to low-risk individuals (adverse selection).
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Nejad, Hadis Z., and Reza Samizadeh. "Decision Support Model for Fire Insurance Risk Analysis in a Petrochemical Case Study." In Transportation Systems and Engineering, 990–1004. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8473-7.ch050.
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A decision support system was researched and applied to a case study in the petrochemical industry. The participants were an insurance company underwriting the policies of oil and gas refineries located in a major oil producing nation. The Chemical Process Quantitative Risk Analysis methodology was applied as a framework to implement uncertainty quantification and risk analysis using a specialized commercial DSS software product. A gas vapor explosion was simulated at an oil refinery, to predict the fire and radiation damage. Costs and risks were entered into the model based on historical data. Loss estimates were generated for equipment and buildings located various distances (pressures) from the explosion origin. Overall, the DSS model predicted an expected loss of over $14,000,000 USD for equipment located in the 50 meter explosion radius, which represented a loss ratio of almost 52%. The losses predicted from the DSS model were comparable to the literature and to experiences of the case study company. The margin of error from the DSS model was less than ±5% which made it very reliable according to benchmarks.
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"Marine, Life and Fire Insurance: Early Use of Marine Insurances: The Hanse Merchants and Lombards: Statute Concerning Insurances Among Merchants, A.D. 1601: Losses among Underwriters, A.D. I693: London and Royal Exchange Assurance Corporations, 1720: Restraiants Upon Insurances by Parliament, 1752: Monopoly of 1720 Repealed, 1824: Statutory Incorporation of Lloyd's, 1871: Fire Insurance: Church Briefs: Municipal Insurance in London: Competition Between Companies, 1683 : Common Law Liability for Fires: Rise of Life Insurance: Mercers' Company Schme: Insolvent Societies: Gambling Policies: Plan of Parochial Life Annuities, 1773: State Annuities and Insurance." In A History of Private Bill Legislation, 581–643. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203770399-14.
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Dewees, Don, David Duff, and Michael Trebilcock. "Environmental Injuries." In Exploring The Domain Of Accident Law, 265–345. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195087970.003.0005.
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Abstract In 1970 public concern regarding the harm caused by air and water pollution reached a climax, which was reflected in the first Earth Day celebrations and in the passage of environmental protection legislation by the U.S. Congress and by other legislatures across North America. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency was created from existing federal agencies and given a new and ambitious mandate. There was good reason for this concern: urban smog was an unpleasant and unhealthy accompaniment to the advent of summer in a growing number of cities, Lake Erie was dying, the Cuyahoga River had caught fire, and there was increasing evidence that air pollution could cause respiratory illness and even death. Later in the 1970s new concerns arose over pollution caused by toxic substances, and by 1980 the hazards of abandoned toxic waste disposal sites had been revealed at Love Canal. Environmental pollution may cause as many as 10,000 excess cancer deaths each year,.and the harm caused by air and water pollution may be valued at many tens of billions of dollars per year..These concerns gave rise to extensive government regulation of pollution discharge and to litigation over damage caused by that pollution. Indeed, alarm arising from certain types of environmental liability became so great that by the 1980s insurance for environmental liability had all but disappeared. This chapter will examine the role tort law has played in controlling pollution, compensating victims, and fulfilling the goals of corrective justice. We will also examine the role played by government regulation and by some nonregulatory policies that may have affected pollution discharge.
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Wiggins, Benjamin. "Life." In Calculating Race, 8–32. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197504000.003.0002.
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Chapter 1 focuses on the early history of race-based insurance. When the Newark-based Prudential Insurance Company of America incorporated in 1875, it revolutionized the American insurance industry by offering policies to the working class for an affordable three cents per week. What made the Prudential doubly unique was that the company insured not simply industrial laborers, but also African American laborers. The company was not in the progressive vanguard, though. Rather, the Northern upstart, in contrast to its Southern competitors, simply had not thought to craft a company policy to explicitly ban African Americans from purchasing life insurance. Just five years after becoming the first insurer to cover black lives, the Prudential began to charge differential, race-based premiums and commenced a public relations effort to defend its discriminatory practices. This foundational chapter traces how the theoretical work of scientific racism became embedded in the business practices of American insurers.
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Chatzkel, Jay L. "Hubert saint-once: Creating and Implementing a Knowledge Strategy." In Knowledge Capital: How Knowledge-Based Enterprises Really Get Built, 278–96. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195161144.003.0014.
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Abstract In this conversation, Hubert Saint-Onge delves into the perspectives, experiences, policies, and practices of one of the shapers of emerging knowledge-based enterprises. For more than a decade, Saint-Onge has been refining a model known as the Knowledge Assets Framework for the strategic integration of business plans with people management systems, using technology architecture and organizational infrastructure. Saint-Onge was formerly senior vice president for strategic capabilities at Clarica Life Insurance Company. Clarica is a Canadian-based financial services firm offering a wide range of life and health insurance, saving and retirement products, and other financial services. One of the key elements of Saint-Onge’s man date at Clarica was to facilitate the leveraging of the firm’s business through the systematic application of knowledge management and learning organization principles.
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Chattha, Dr Samiya. "THE EFFICACY AND COMPETITIVENESS OF AGENTS IN INDIAN INSURANCE INDUSTRY." In Futuristic Trends in Management Volume 3 Book 6, 29–39. Iterative International Publisher, Selfypage Developers Pvt Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58532/v3bhma6p2ch3.
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Marketing of products and services is the most important activity of all insurance companies, where brokers play an important role in the success of their work. The performance of the life insurance industry depends on how efficiently its distribution channels operate. Historically, among the many channels operating in the insurance industry in India, the individual agent is the one who not only participates in the business but also helps in the distribution of the services offered to them. Therefore, this article looks specifically at the growth and performance of one broker's channel. The study assessed the development of business based on the number of policies issued by LIC and 19 private insurance companies and surplus income over a period of five years, ie. 2018-19 to 2022-23. The overall spread of individual factors and their productivity were assessed. Descriptive statistics and annual compound growth rates were determined using a log-linear regression model to estimate the growth and trend of individual participants operating in private and public insurance companies. The final word of the study emphasized that in the life insurance industry, where all business was done through individual brokers compared to other distribution channels operating in the industry. The result of other channels will increase, but not as much as the individual agents show the business generated. The findings of the study suggest that if emerging channels want to remain dynamic in the market structure and improve their performance accordingly, they must restructure their distribution operations to improve the performance of the incumbent channel.
Conference papers on the topic "Fire insurance policies"
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Belanić, Loris, and Bojan Baretić. "OSIGURANI RIZICI U OSIGURANjU PREKIDA POSLOVANjA." In XVII majsko savetovanje. Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Kragujvcu, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/uvp21.281b.
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Business interruption insurance is a type of insurance that covers the loss of income when a company suffers a catastrophic event such as natural disaster, massive fire damage or a huge machinery failure. Closing of the business facility due to the rebuilding process, which is typically considered only property damage in insurance terms, actually has far greater impact on any company as a whole. Many owners, managers and chief executive officers view business interruption insurance predominantly as expense, but global market trends require such policies to be implemented as key basis for modern risk management. For croatian insurance market business interruption policies are still developing as a tailor-made insurance product, while in European insurance market they are considered common business practice. This work is an overview of essential factors which determine business interruption insurance.
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Kamenjarska, Tanja, and Igor Ivanovski. "IMPACT OF BOARD CHARACTERISTICS ON FIRM PERFORMANCE: DYNAMIC PANEL EVIDENCE OF THE INSURANCE INDUSTRY IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA." In Economic and Business Trends Shaping the Future. Ss Cyril and Methodius University, Faculty of Economics-Skopje, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47063/ebtsf.2020.0027.
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Corporate governance is a crucial mechanism for the organizations’ actions to maintain market successful adequate and targeted policies and long-term strategies that ensure the maximization of shareholders’ benefits. The board of directors is appointed by organizations’ shareholders and its main role is to be responsible and accountable and to ensure enforcement of the top management acts concerning the fulfillment of the shareholder’s interests. For this to be achieved, it is important for the board to be efficient, effective, and focused on protecting the organization and shareholder’s interests. Good corporate governance and more specifically, board characteristics play a central role in companies’ management, coordination, and control mechanisms. The paper analyses various theoretical and empirical findings regarding the prominence of various board characteristics within companies and particularly evaluates the impact of board characteristics on the financial performance of listed companies in the insurance industry in the Republic of North Macedonia. The financial ratio ROA is used as a proxy and as a variable for firm performance while the board experience, CEO duality, board size, board composition, and gender diversity are set to be as independent variables. Based on the variables related to board characteristics, hypotheses are developed and their impact upon firm performance is examined with the use of Generalized Methods of Moments (GMM), a pairwise correlation matrix, as well as with multicollinearity VIF test. In that direction, this paper aims to determine the level of effectiveness of current governance mechanisms and based on the results, propose measures and actions for successfully handling agency costs while maximizing governance capability and performance in the insurance sector in the Republic of North Macedonia.
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Andov, Stojan, Violeta Cvetkoska, and Tea Mijac. "Unveiling Global Road Accident Patterns - Insights, Analytics, and Implications for Safer Driving Practices." In Economic and Business Trends Shaping the Future. Ss Cyril and Methodius University, Faculty of Economics-Skopje, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47063/ebtsf.2023.0031.
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Every day, we are confronted with alarming news of serious injuries and fatalities resulting from car accidents. In the past decade, these incidents have been on the rise, posing a significant concern for individuals and societies worldwide. The impact of these accidents is particularly devastating when innocent lives, including children, are affected by the long-lasting consequences. While driver behavior remains a major contributing factor to road accidents, there are also other indirect reasons such as infrastructure issues and weather conditions. Addressing this global problem is of utmost importance to safeguard lives and create a safer driving environment for everyone. Sunkpho and Wipulanusat (2020) utilized Business Intelligence (BI) methods, specifically data visualization and analytics, to analyze accident data and provincial data obtained from the Talend Data Integration tool, loaded into a MySQL database, and visualized using Tableau. Their aim was to provide insights into highway accidents and advise the Thai government on adopting this system for formulating strategy options and contingency plans to improve the accident situation. Nour et al. (2020) employ advanced data analytics methods, specifically predictive modeling techniques, to predict injury severity levels and evaluate their performance using publicly available road accident data from the UK Department of Transport spanning 2005 to 2019. Golhar and Kshirsagar M (2021) propose and implement various strategies using the Map-Reduce framework, combining video surveillance and big data analytics, to address the issues of increasing on-road traffic, road congestion, rule violations, and road accidents, aiming to improve road traffic management and make urban population life more comfortable. Yuksel and Atmaca S. (2021) use accelerometer and gyroscope sensor data and applied various machine learning algorithms, including C4.5 Decision Tree, Random Forest, Artificial Neural Network, Support-Vector Machine, K-Nearest Neighbor, Naive Bayes, and K-Star algorithms, to model and evaluate risky driving behaviors, ultimately developing a highly accurate and cost-effective system capable of recording and identifying risky driving behaviors, with potential applications in usage-based insurance policies to incentivize safe driving practices. Mesquitela et al. (2022) use a data fusion process, incorporating information from various sources such as road accidents, weather conditions, local authority reports, traffic, and fire brigade, to analyze and identify geo-referenced accident hotspots in urban areas using ArcGIS Pro and Kernel Density and Hot Spot Analysis tools, aiming to evaluate the factors influencing accident severity and provide knowledge for local municipalities to improve their infrastructure and quality of life, with the results validated by an expert committee, and the approach being applicable to other cities with similar data availability. Based on our Scopus search on "road accidents" and "analytics," no existing references were found directly aligned with our research idea. This highlights the originality of our paper, which aims to raise awareness about road accidents as a significant global issue and provide a comprehensive understanding of their key contributing factors through the analysis of road accident data from six representative countries across different continents including the UK, USA, Chile, Australia, Japan/UAE, and South Africa/Egypt. Our research sheds light on critical aspects of these incidents, explores trends, identifies influential factors, determines countries with low accident rates and casualties, and evaluates the potential impact of data analysis techniques on enhancing road safety. We will use datasets from the selected representative countries, focusing on road accidents that occurred between 2021 and 2022. By employing various analytical methods, we will explore the data from different angles, including descriptive analytics, diagnostic analytics, predictive analytics, prescriptive analytics, and cognitive analytics. Each method will contribute valuable insights to our analysis and understanding of the problem. We will employ Power BI for descriptive and diagnostic analytics, Python for predictive analytics using multilinear regression, Power BI for visualizing regression results, MaxDea Lite and Microsoft Excel for prescriptive analytics such as Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Linear Programming, and also simulations to aid decision-making. Through our analysis, we will address key questions related to road accidents and their impact. For instance, we will determine whether the number of road accidents decreased or increased from 2021 to 2022 and identify the major contributing factors. Furthermore, we will assess the countries with the lowest accident rates and casualties based on ratios per million inhabitants for both years. By leveraging visualization techniques in Power BI, we will present the findings in an accessible and informative manner, enabling stakeholders to grasp the insights easily. The visualization and analysis will provide a deeper understanding of the trends, underlying factors, and the potential of data analysis techniques, such as DEA and Linear Programming, in addressing road safety. The importance of this research lies in its potential to generate significant impact. By shedding light on road accidents as a pressing global issue, the findings will raise awareness among individuals worldwide. Understanding the data from the six representative countries will enable comparisons, identification of best practices, and the formulation of informed strategies to reduce accidents and casualties. The results will benefit researchers, policymakers, and organizations involved in road safety initiatives. The insights gained will help shape evidence-based decisions, implement targeted interventions, and promote safer driving practices to prevent tragic outcomes caused by road accidents.
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Meyer, Christopher. "Positing Ecology: Mass Material Strategies for Miami-Dade County." In 110th ACSA Annual Meeting Paper Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.110.2.
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Despite mounting evidence of environmental uncertainty, South Florida communities continue to record steadily increasing growth, with Miami Dade County’s [MDC] population expanding by approximately 3.5% between 2014 and 2018.1 Currently, any concern of building insurance affordability/ availability, long-term financial investment risks and health/safety concerns have not significantly altered the short-term future of the construction and real-estate markets.2 The south Florida community’s commitment to urban development is ever present; but the question on the minds of community leaders, policy makers and the general public is, how do we create urban resilience? The architectural profession must address the agenda–how do buildings and policies anticipate an evolving environment and sustain longterm, safe occupation? And what are they made of? An abundant battery of raw material timber resource, a distributed network of mills, processing plants, and mass timber manufacturing facilities affords an opportunity for the Southeastern United States to focus on implementing wood fibre into the construction ecology. However, a critical hurdle to the successful implementation of mass timber wood products in Florida, and specifically in MDC, is within the policy and permitting process. The required certified product testing by the Florida Administrative Code3 and the Miami-Dade County Product Approvals and Notice of Acceptance4 is one of two jurisdictions in the United States implementing the stringent High Velocity Hurricane Zone [HVHZ]5 as an overlay to the Florida Building Code6-which must be successfully navigated for project realization. The focus of this paper engages the question how do we build as a regional inquiry to Southern Florida through a case study on a partnership forged between academics and practice at the University of Miami School of Architecture and Atelier Mey Architects. This collaboration is established with the shared objective of implementing an innovative path to the design and building permitting of cross-laminated timber [CLT] in MDC, specifically the qualitative and quantitative methods required for CLT case study’s success. Empirical methodologies used to understand building applications of mass timber products, specifically PRG-320 certified Cross Laminated Timber Panels7 in Florida is through the design, engineering and submission of drawings to the Miami-Dade building permitting office for review.
Reports on the topic "Fire insurance policies"
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Deza, María Cecilia, Tatiana Andrea Gélvez Rubio, Diana Gutiérrez Preciado, H. Xavier Jara, and David Arturo Rodríguez Guerrero. Assessing the Effect of Fiscal Policies on the Gender Income Gap in Central America, Panama and the Dominican Republic. Inter-American Development Bank, April 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0012901.
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Persistent gender economic differences have led to an extensive amount of literature devoted to the gender wage gap. However, wages are only one component of income for women and men, and self-employment income, non-labour income, taxes, pensions, and benefits are mostly omitted from the analysis. In this paper we contribute to the small but growing literature of gendered fiscal incidence by studying the effect of taxes, social insurance contributions and benefits on the gender gaps in disposable income for five Central American countries: El Salvador, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Panama, and Dominican Republic. Our analysis makes use of tax-benefit microsimulation models based on representative household surveys for each country. We compare results for 2019 and for a year afterwards for each country to determine if there are differences due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Three sets of findings are worth highlighting. Firstly, the tax-benefit systems of Panama and Costa Rica have the largest redistributive effect measured by the size of taxes and benefits at the upper and lower part of the disposable income distribution respectively. Second, Costa Rica is the country that close the gender income gap the most, while in the other countries the tax benefit system does not have an important effect in this regard. Thirdly decomposition of the raw disposable income gender gap indicates that a) labour income is the biggest contributor to the gap in all countries and periods analyzed with a very minor role for tax-benefit instruments. b) almost half of the gap is explained by differences in attributes such as education, age, or geographical location, so a significant gap remains unexplained c) differences in employment rates between genders are less important than differences in remunerations.