Journal articles: 'FIRO-B'

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Pospíšilová, Alexandra, and Andrea Sandanusová. "FIRO-B: Recenze metody." TESTFÓRUM 8, no. 13 (2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/tf2020-13-14050.

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Dotazník FIRO-B môže byť použitý v oblasti pracovnej psychológie, napríklad pri práci so skupinou, ďalej v oblasti individuálneho, párového alebo skupinového poradenstva. Konkrétne môže poslúžiť ako pomocný nástroj pri poznávaní svojich interpersonálnych potrieb a ich kompatibility vo vzťahu k druhým ľuďom. FIRO-B môže slúžiť ako facilitačná metóda, ktorá umožňuje či už dvojici alebo členom skupiny zistiť, čo od seba navzájom vyžadujú a ako si myslia, že sa sami prejavujú. Predpokladáme, že vzhľadom k vysokej zjavnej validite a len mierne líšiacim sa položkám proband vie, čo svojimi odpoveďami vyjadruje. FIRO-B môže poslúžiť ako pomocná metóda, ktorá môže poskytnúť podnet k rozhovoru, alebo ako doplnková metóda k iným nástrojom. Pričom je dôležité upozorniť participanta na vyššie uvedené nedostatky metódy a najmä na zastaranosť noriem, aby na svoje výsledky nahliadal s potrebnou rezervou a odstupom. Taktiež je dôležité, aby si bol týchto nedostatkov vedomý aj samotný užívateľ metódy, najmä kvôli nejasnostiam v spôsobe interpretovania skóre (prisudzovanie váhy interpretačným absolútnym meradlám a normám). Metódu však neodporúčame používať ako samostatný diagnostický nástroj a jeho výsledky interpretovať za účelom individuálnej diagnostiky.

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Macrosson, W. D. K. "FIRO–B: Factors and Facets." Psychological Reports 86, no. 1 (2000): 311–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2000.86.1.311.

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10 FIRO–B intercorrelation matrices were factor analysed; one matrix was derived from new FIRO–B data, all the other matrices were found in the literature. The correlation matrices were also subjected to meta-analysis. The findings suggested that the four FIRO–B scales associated with Inclusion and Affection are facets of the ubiquitous interpersonal superfactor, Nurturance, but the two FIRO–B Control scales each express an orthogonal construct both of which relate to the superfactor, Dominance.

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Macrosson, W. D. K., and J. H. Semple. "FIRO-B, Machiavellianism, and Teams." Psychological Reports 88, no. 3_suppl (2001): 1187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2001.88.3c.1187.

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A correlational study using the Mach IV and FIRO-B questionnaires examined the attitudes of 120 postgraduate and undergraduate students, the majority of whom had significant work experience. A curvilinear relationship observed between the FIRO-B and Mach IV scales calls into question an aspect of Will Schutz's prescription for interpersonal compatibility.

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Salminen, Simo. "Convergent and Discriminant Validity of Firo-B Questionnaire." Psychological Reports 69, no. 3 (1991): 787–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1991.69.3.787.

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The Kramer-Froehle controversy about the construct validity of FIRO-B questionnaire was evaluated with a multitrait-multimethod design. 113 women and 26 men completed the FIRO-B questionnaire. After the examiner had given a lecture on the FIRO-dimensions, the subjects rated themselves on these dimensions. Only three out of six intercorrelations on the validity diagonal were statistically significant. Of the discriminant validity comparisons 80% met the required criterion. Our results confirmed Kramer's results about the construct validity of the FIRO-B questionnaire.

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Furnham, Adrian. "Psychometric Correlates of FIRO-B Scores: Locating the FIRO-B scores in personality factor space." International Journal of Selection and Assessment 16, no. 1 (2008): 30–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2389.2008.00407.x.

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McRae, Lissa S. E., and Jeffrey D. Young. "Field Independence and the Firo-B." Perceptual and Motor Skills 70, no. 2 (1990): 493–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1990.70.2.493.

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Hurley, John R. "Further Evidence against the Construct Validity of the Firo-B Scales." Psychological Reports 70, no. 2 (1992): 639–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1992.70.2.639.

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Rearranging Salminen's 1991 correlations between the interpersonal need scales of Schutz's FIRO-B and parallel self-ratings indicates that only one of six FIRO-B scales satisfied the convergent and discriminant criteria for construct validity that Campbell and Fiske provided in 1959. Augmenting a growing body of negative reports regarding the contruct validity of FIRO-B and related measures, these adverse findings heighten concerns about this family of instruments.

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Floyd, Nubra Elaine. "Interpersonal Orientation and Living Group Preferences: A Validity Check on FIRO-B." Psychological Reports 62, no. 3 (1988): 923–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1988.62.3.923.

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Construct validity of Schutz's FIRO-B was tested in terms of correlation with a Living Group Questionnaire developed to assess the interpersonal preferences of 123 students in an experimental college. After controlling for the intercorrelation of FIRO-B subscales, some Living Group Questionnaire items still appeared to tap more than one dimension of interpersonal need, but sex differences were found to account for the overlap. Results were seen as generally substantiating the validity of the FIRO-B.

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Salminen, Simo. "Two Psychometric Problems of the Firo-B Questionnaire." Psychological Reports 63, no. 2 (1988): 423–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1988.63.2.423.

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Two psychometric problems of FIRO-B scales, namely, reliability and social desirability, were studied. Subjects were 152 women and 36 men from the introductory course in social psychology. They completed the FIRO-B questionnaire and the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale. Three of the six coefficients of reproducibility were below a satisfactory level. All scalability coefficients were near the level usually required. Correlations among scores on all expressed needs scales and the social desirability scale were statistically significant. Also, wanted control was related to social desirability. We can doubt that the good reliability of FIRO-scales was based on acquiescence because reliability was not good enough just for those scales on which some items were reversed. The bias from social desirability in expressed needs was explained by the possibility that the subjects were more likely to see that the object of the measurement was themselves.

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SALMINEN, SIMO. "CONVERGENT AND DISCRIMINANT VALIDITY OF FIRO-B QUESTIONNAIRE." Psychological Reports 69, no. 7 (1991): 787. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.69.7.787-790.

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Fisher, S. G., W. D. K. Macrosson, and C. A. Walker. "Firo-B: The Power of Love and the Love of Power." Psychological Reports 76, no. 1 (1995): 195–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1995.76.1.195.

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Factor analysis of FERO-B data obtained from new software product teams has led to a reformulation of Schutz's ideas on team compatibility. The concept of Group-Warmth as a derivative of the FERO-B Inclusion and Affection scales was developed and shown to be related to the commercial effectiveness of teams. In a like manner, the FIRO-B constructs of Control-Expressed and Control-Wanted were explored through concurrent factor analysis of 16 PF data. A new interpretation has been given to both FIRO-B Control scales, namely, Assertive-Impulsive.

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Schutz, Will. "Beyond Firo-B—Three New Theory-Derived Measures—Element B: Behavior, Element F: Feelings, Element S: Self." Psychological Reports 70, no. 3 (1992): 915–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1992.70.3.915.

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Although the FIRO-B instrument has been used widely for a large number of purposes, it was not designed as a general purpose instrument. Several years ago, after revising the FIRO theory underlying the instrument based on over 20 years' experience with the instrument and related activities, the author revised the FIRO-B extensively, so extensively it was given a new name, Element B. The new instrument is much stronger both theoretically and psychometrically while at the same time retaining the simplicity and shortness of the original. In addition, two new instruments based on the same theory were designed, developed, and tested. They measure feelings (Element F) and self-concept (Element S). All three instruments have, over the past 10 years, been used primarily as training instruments. When given in conjunction with other methods, they have been used for improving self-awareness, teamwork, morale, and productivity in such organizations as Procter & Gamble, AT&T, NASA, Amdahl Corporation, the Swedish Army, and about 100 companies in Japan. Included is a comment on scales anchored both logically, using methods such as facet design and unidimensional scaling, and empirically, such as the “big five.”

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Brown, Nina W. "Description of Personality Similarities and Differences of a Sample of Black and White Female Engineering Students." Psychological Reports 81, no. 2 (1997): 603–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1997.81.2.603.

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45 black and white female engineering students were assessed on Gough's Adjective Checklist and Schultz's FIRO-B. Nine Adjective Checklist scales showed significant mean differences between black and white women with black women having higher mean scores on Succorance and Abasement. White women had significantly higher mean scores on Achievement, Dominance, Counseling Readiness, Self-confidence, Military Leadership, Masculinity, and A-4. Comparison of scores on the FIRO-B by race showed only one scale with a significant difference, Wanted Inclusion.

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Poongavanam, S., and K. Viswanathan. "An Empirical Study on Employee Health and FIRO-B Relationship." Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development 10, no. 7 (2019): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-5506.2019.01580.8.

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Karim, Khondkar E., Jeffrey P. Lessard, and Philip H. Siegel. "A FIRO-B analysis of social skill preferences among auditors." International Journal of Applied Decision Sciences 5, no. 1 (2012): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijads.2012.044944.

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Hurley, John R. "Does FIRO-B relate better to interpersonal or intrapersonal behavior?" Journal of Clinical Psychology 46, no. 4 (1990): 454–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-4679(199007)46:4<454::aid-jclp2270460413>3.0.co;2-k.

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Siegel, Philip H., and Todd Schultz. "Social Skills Preferences Among Internal Auditors An Explanatory Study Using The FIRO-B." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 27, no. 3 (2011): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v27i3.4212.

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This study applies the FIRO-B technique to analyze the social interaction preferences of certified internal auditors working in U.S. corporations. Surveys were developed using the FIRO-B technique and obtained information on internal auditors from corporations located in the Western and Southeastern sections of the United States. This study will determine the social interaction scores of certified internal auditors, and compare them to the scores of other accounting professionals. This study indicates that social interaction skills are of increasing importance to the working success of internal auditors. The SII number is higher than prior research of CPAs employed in large international CPA firms but similar to those results found among accountants at regional CPA firms and national business professionals. This study did not segment the sample by industry to determine if there are any effects due to industry or company size. Future research might compare the internal auditors might make these comparisons. Also, the study did not include samples from outside of the United States. Understanding the social interaction of certified internal auditors is important since such information sheds light on the types of professionals who are most likely to succeed in the diverse work environment that internal auditors face. This is the first exploratory study using the FIRO-B on internal auditors.

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Dhillon, Ada M., and Henry Davis. "Socialization, Locus of Control, and Dogmatism as Related to Counsellors' Office Settings." Psychological Reports 56, no. 1 (1985): 328–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1985.56.1.328.

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Psychologists and social workers in geographically decentralized and sometimes isolated settings must often work autonomously and make independent decisions. It was predicted that staff who choose to work in these settings would be more internally directed and more dogmatic than staff who worked in a centralized office. Decentralized staff were also hypothesized to want less control by others and less social inclusion. On Rotter's (1966) Internal-External Scale, Rokeach's (1959) Dogmatism Scale and Shurz's FIRO-B measures for 29 social workers and psychologists there were differences on the FIRO-B but not in internality or dogmatism. The results are discussed in terms of the sample's characteristics and the implications for the decentralization of counselling services.

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Forrester, William R., Armen Tashchian, and Ted H. Shore. "Relationship Between Personality And Behavioral Intention In Student Teams." American Journal of Business Education (AJBE) 9, no. 3 (2016): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/ajbe.v9i3.9698.

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This study investigated the applicability of the Big Five and FIRO-B frameworks as predictors of group process outcomes in the context of student teams. The personality dimensions of Agreeableness, Extraversion, Conscientiousness, and Neuroticism were correlated with the interpersonal behavior dimensions of Inclusion, Affection, and Control. The degree of association between personality and interpersonal factors differed by personality dimension. No relationship was found for the Openness dimension. Results of the study support the applicability of both frameworks in the context of student teams. Results suggest that unlike the clinical and workplace participants in prior studies, business student subject are sufficiently homogeneous to support the distinction between the FIRO-B constructs of Inclusion and Affection.

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Ditchburn, Graeme, and Elizabeth R. Brook. "Cross-cultural adjustment and fundamental interpersonal relations orientation behaviour (FIRO-B)." Journal of Global Mobility 3, no. 4 (2015): 336–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgm-05-2015-0017.

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Purpose – Expatriate workforces are growing as a result of globalisation and the considerable cost associated with expatriation is a strong incentive to identify which employees are most likely to adjust to the host nation. One area relevant to cross-cultural adjustment is interpersonal needs. The theory of fundamental interpersonal relations orientation as measured by the fundamental interpersonal relations orientation-behaviour (FIRO-B) may offer insights as to the relationship between interpersonal needs and cross-cultural adjustment. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – In total, 180 paper and pencil measures of the FIRO-B and expatriate adjustment scales (general, work, and interaction) were distributed via informed international associates and convenience and snowball sampling. In total, 112 expatriates from the UK (44 percent), South Africa (22 percent), India (20 percent), and other nations (14 percent) returned completed questionnaires. Findings – Expatriates with higher levels of wanted affection were higher on all subscales of cross-cultural adjustment. Those who wanted and expressed the need for inclusion were significantly higher in interaction adjustment while those who expressed and wanted control were less adjusted to work. Research limitations/implications – The cross-sectional design limits the extent to which these findings can be interpreted as causal and the small sample size may limit the generalisability of the findings and common method via self-report may also inflate inter-relationship. However, the underlying theoretical premise would strongly support the hypothesised directional relationships in the normal population. A number of factors beyond the scope of this study may play a fundamental role including cultural similarity. Practical implications – Whilst not predictive, and acknowledging that environmental factors may vary, these results give an indication that interpersonal needs are related to successful adjustment in expatriates. As such these findings could be used to help inform the recruitment and training of expatriates in areas of interpersonal interaction taking into consideration intrapersonal needs. Originality/value – No study to date has explored the inter-relationship between the interpersonal needs and expatriate adjustment. This is the first paper to do so and identify that there is a significant association between expatriate’s motives for interaction and their level of cross-cultural adjustment.

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Furnham, Adrian, and John Crump. "Relationship between the MBTI and FIRO—B in a Large British Sample." Psychological Reports 101, no. 3 (2007): 970–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.101.3.970-978.

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Over 4,000 British adults completed two widely used personality-type tests at an Assessment Centre, the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and the Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation-Behavior. Both correlational and regressional analyses showed modest overlap. Inclusion was related to Introversion–Extraversion and Control to the Thinking-Feeling Dimension. The Sensing–Intuition and Judging–Perceiving dimensions of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator had only weak correlations with the Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation–Behavior scores (all values below .08). The difference scores between Wanted and Expressed on the Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation–Behavior indicated that the Thinking, Perceiving, Extraverts had the highest differences between Perceived and Wanted scores.

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FURNHAM, ADRIAN. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE MBTI AND FIRO-B IN A LARGE BRITISH SAMPLE." Psychological Reports 101, no. 7 (2007): 970. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.101.7.970-978.

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Umashankar, K., and H. G. Charitra. "Enhancing Interpersonal Competency through Soft-Skills Training with Reference to FIRO-B." Adarsh Journal of Management Research 9, no. 1 (2016): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21095/ajmr/2016/v9/i1/103773.

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Dancer, Laura J., and Stephen A. Woods. "Higher-Order Factor Structures and Intercorrelations of the 16PF5 and FIRO-B." International Journal of Selection and Assessment 14, no. 4 (2006): 385–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2389.2006.00360.x.

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Lee, Robert E. "FIRO-B Scores and Success in a Positive Peer-Culture Residential Treatment Program." Psychological Reports 78, no. 1 (1996): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1996.78.1.215.

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FIRO-B Wanted Inclusion, Wanted Affection, and Total scores discriminated between 28 adolescent boys who would be successful graduates of a positive peer-culture residential program and 29 who would not. Successful graduates had higher mean scores on these scales. Successful and unsuccessful residents did not differ in scores on Exner Rorschach Experience Balance, Experienced Stimulation, or Adjusted D. Likewise they did not differ in Verbal IQ or age. Openness to social relationships may be an important variable in assessing for whom group-based treatment will work. Where the capacity for relatedness is not present, staff in a group-based program may have to recognize and treat this if the program is to succeed.

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Lismawati, Lismawati, Emilyan Inzar, and Jaka Isgiyarta. "ANALISIS KETERAMPILAN SOSIAL MENGGUNAKAN FIRO-B PADA AUDITOR INTERNAL PEMERINTAH DI PROVINSI BENGKULU." Jurnal Akuntansi 10, no. 2 (2020): 115–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33369/j.akuntansi.10.2.115-128.

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This study aims to analyze and prove whether there are differences in the level of social skills of internal auditors in terms of culture, gender and age. This study uses an internal auditor working in the Bengkulu Provincial Audit Board (BPKP) as a sample. Data were analyzed using the Fundamental Interation Relationship-Behavior (FIRO-B) score and independent sample t-test with the SPSS program. The results showed that there were no significant differences in the level of social skills between the internal auditors of different cultures, genders and ages of the internal auditors working in the Bengkulu Province Audit Board (BPKP). The results of this study provide research evidence that there is no difference in the ability of social skills in terms of cultural, gender and age differences.

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Furnham, Adrian. "The fakeability of the 16 PF, Myers-Briggs and FIRO-B personality measures." Personality and Individual Differences 11, no. 7 (1990): 711–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(90)90256-q.

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Furnham, Adrian. "Can people accurately estimate their own personality test scores?" European Journal of Personality 4, no. 4 (1990): 319–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.2410040405.

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This study examined the relationship between subjects' actual test derived scores and their estimates of what those scores would be. Fifty‐six subjects completed three questionnaires (Morningness‐Eveningness Questionnaire; FIRO‐B; Myers—Briggs Type Indicator MBTI), and then estimated the scores on each dimension (15 in all) for themselves and another person that they knew well. The results showed significant positive correlations on 10 of the 15 dimensions for themselves. The dimensions that they were best at estimating were Morningness‐Eveningness; Extraversion, and Thinking on the MBTI; and Wanted and Expressed Inclusion on the FIRO‐B. Eight correlations reached significance concerning their ability to predict another known person's scores but were lower than for their own estimate‐actual score correlations. Whereas subjects believed that they were like the other person they nominated (12 of the 15 correlations were significantly positive), in actual fact their test derived scores showed only five significant findings, two positive and the others negative. The results are discussed in terms of lay theories of personality and their relationship to personality assessment.

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Anderson, D. E., and H. W. Maphet. "The interpersonal style of traumatic brain injury patients as measured by the FIRO-B." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 11, no. 5 (1996): 361–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/11.5.361a.

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Ahmetoglu, Gorkan, Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic, and Adrian Furnham. "Interpersonal Relationship Orientations, Leadership, and Managerial Level: Assessing the practical usefulness of the FIRO-B in organizations." International Journal of Selection and Assessment 18, no. 2 (2010): 220–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2389.2010.00504.x.

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Horne, Tammy, and Albert V. Carron. "Compatibility in Coach-Athlete Relationships." Journal of Sport Psychology 7, no. 2 (1985): 137–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsp.7.2.137.

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Three major issues were examined in the present study: (a) the variables discriminating between compatible and incompatible coach-athlete dyads; (b) the relationship between coach-athlete compatibility and athlete performance; and (c) the relationship between compatibility and athlete satisfaction. Subjects were 77 coach-athlete dyads from female intercollegiate teams. Compatibility was assessed using a sport-adapted version of Schutz's (1966) Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation (FIRO-B) scale and Chelladurai and Saleh's (1980) Leadership Scale for Sports (LSS). Self-ratings of the quality of the coach-athlete relationship, athlete performance, and satisfaction with the coach's leadership were obtained. There were two variables that significantly discriminated between compatible and incompatible dyads. The sole variable predicting athletes' performance perceptions was the score reflecting discrepancy between athlete perceptions and preferences on the LSS reward dimension. Variables predicting athlete satisfaction were discrepancy between athlete perceptions and preferences on the LSS dimensions of training, reward, and social support. Recommendations for future research in this area are discussed.

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Kosinova, Maria S., та Nadezhda S. Zubareva. "ЛИЧНОСТНЫЕ И КОММУНИКАТИВНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ПРОЯВЛЕНИЯ АЛЕКСИТИМИИ". Russian Journal of Education and Psychology 12, № 2 (2021): 53–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2658-4034-2021-12-2-53-67.

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Цель. Выявить связь алекситимии с показателями межличностных отношений и личностных особенностей. Методы и методики исследования. Методы: теоретический анализ литературных источников; психологическое тестирование; математическая статистика: коэффициент ранговой корреляции Rs Спирмена. Методики: «Торонтская шкала алекситимии» TAS-20 (Toronto Alexithymia Scale – TAS-20-R; Г. Д. Тэйлор; адаптация: Е.Г. Старостина); «Тест на эмоциональный интеллект» (Н. Холл); «Многофакторный личностный опросник 16-PF» (Р. Кеттелл); «Диагностика помех в установлении эмоциональных контактов» (В.Бойко); «Опросник межличностных отношений» (Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation – FIRO-B; В. Шутц; адаптация: А.А. Руковишников). Результаты. В результате проведенной работы мы выяснили, что алекситимия взаимосвязана с личностными и коммуникативными особенностями студентов. Нам удалось выявить особенности проявления эмоционального интеллекта, черт личности, конкретных помех при установлении эмоциональных контактов, которые проявляются с повышением выраженности алекситимии в общей исследуемой группе студентов. Область применения результатов. Результаты исследования могут быть применены для коррекции алекситимии и ее проявлений в межличностных отношениях студентов и при выстраивании контакта.

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Tullett, Arthur D., and George B. Davies. "Cognitive style and affect: A comparison of the Kirton adaption-innovation and Schutz's fundamental interpersonal relations orientation-behaviour inventories (KAI and FIRO-B)." Personality and Individual Differences 23, no. 3 (1997): 479–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0191-8869(97)80014-1.

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Sinha, Vinita. "Role of Emotional Intelligence in Managing Interpersonal Relations at Workplace in the IT Sector." International Journal of Human Capital and Information Technology Professionals 9, no. 4 (2018): 72–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijhcitp.2018100105.

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The purpose of the present article is to investigate the role of emotional intelligence in managing interpersonal relations at workplace in the IT sector of India. Based on the facts obtained from the literature review, the article aims to establish a relationship between the variables of emotional intelligence and their corresponding effect on interpersonal relations which consists of parameters namely the need for inclusion, control and affection. The article initially explores emotional intelligence and interpersonal relations and thereafter specifically finds out the relationship between the variables involved. Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation-Behaviour (FIRO-B) instrument and Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Test have been used to explore the relationship. The article uses the sample of 81 employees that covered most of the major IT companies with the same size, structure, practises and environment in order to get a uniform respondent set. The age of the respondents varied from 21 to 29 years of age and the work experience varied from 6 months to as high as 5 years. From the analysis done in the study it can be suggested that emotional intelligence plays a significant role in managing and maintaining the healthy relations at workplace in the IT sector.

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Ryabikina, Zinaida, Ekaterina Bogomolova, and Lyudmila Ozhigova. "Personality identity in the terms of virtualization of being." E3S Web of Conferences 210 (2020): 20016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021020016.

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The Internet users have been studied in the terms of a positive or negative impact on personality existence and co-existence in the context of virtual reality. Personality activity focus on backing up their own identity during the interaction with the Other in the virtual co-existence space. The web content mining of opinions expressed by social networks on thematic forums shows that major activity drivers in the virtual space of social networks are communicative, affiliative and self-assertive drivers. This is due to a personality's aim at backing up their identity in co-existence with the Other. The FIRO-B questionnaire has revealed relevant dominance of virtual communication participants' own activity over activity expected from their communication partner regarding the scales of inclusion and control. The opportunity to be an agent for "both" (themselves and their virtual communication partner) in the fields of inclusion and control makes it easier to gain a personality's required confirmation of their identity in relationship with the Other as well as get reassured that their being has been successfully extended into the Other's agent world (to personalize). Virtualization of a personality's relationship carries risks for identity being simulated due to non-availability of a true dialogue with the Other.

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Suweka Oka Sugiharta, I. Putu, and I. Ketut Sudarsana. "Hypnotic Learning Characteristics On Sisya Brahmakunta Community In Denpasar." Vidyottama Sanatana: International Journal of Hindu Science and Religious Studies 1, no. 2 (2017): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.25078/ijhsrs.v1i2.317.

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Hypnotic learning at Brahmakunta Community in Denpasar City is complementary the scienceof education by paying attention to aspects of interpersonal needs of learners, integral evolution on the students, as well as various aspects of his personality. Hypnotic contribution in education can align the senses of the learner, harmonize his mind, and make manusamadhawa (man who has the divine character).Through the approach of psychology of religious education supported by the of FIRO theory (the theory of the basic relationship between by William Schutz, evolutionary psychology theory by Robert C. Bolles, and the theory of Field Psychology by Kurt Lewin. Data obtained by in-depth interviews, study documentation then the data is interpreted by looking for deep meaning. The characteristics of hypnotic learning in the Brahmakunta community indicate the aspect of the basic needs of the learners so that the learning process is not disturbed.The characteristics of hypnotic learning in the community of Brahmakunta include: (a) the attached characteristic shown to meet the needs of the assimilation, (b) Control Characteristics that aim to meet the needs of ideally positioning themselves, (c) The characteristics of Affection aimed at meeting the needs of affection, and (d) The compatibility characteristics that indicate that learning is done to improve interpersonal relationships.

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Vyshkvyrkina, Maria, and Yulya Tushnova. "Gender characteristics of interpersonal relations and aggression of adolescents in rural schools." E3S Web of Conferences 210 (2020): 14004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021014004.

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The problem of aggressive behavior in adolescents is not new to psychological science. However, in a transitional society, it requires constant monitoring. At the same time, the rural school is of interest due to the relative isolation and limited number of subjects of interaction. The purpose of this study was to study the specifics of aggressive reactions and types of attitudes towards people in rural school adolescents of different sexes. The study involved students from rural schools, in the amount of 100 people aged 14-16 years (M = 15.3; SD = 1.2; 47% men). The following methods were used: Bass-Darki questionnaire (adaptation by A.A. Khvan, Yu.A. Zaitsev, Yu.A. Kuznetsova.), Fundamental interpersonal Relations Orientation - Behavior (FIRO-B) (W. Schutz, adaptation by A.A. Rukavishnikov), as well as statistical methods (descriptive statistics, Mann Whitney U test). It was found that in the group of boys, physical aggression and resentment are more pronounced; girls are characterized by higher verbal aggression and feelings of guilt. Boys are also characterized by a high need for affection, and girls demonstrate a pronounced need for control over others. Prospects for the study consist in the subsequent analysis of the factors that determine the emergence of various aggressive and hostile reactions in adolescents, a comparison of rural and urban adolescents, as well as the characteristics of interpersonal relations in their relationship with the individual typological and gender characteristics of adolescents. The research results can be useful in organizing psychological support for adolescents in rural schools.

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Sharma, Ekta. "Personality Mapping Wand to Organizational Performance." Journal of Business Theory and Practice 2, no. 1 (2014): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jbtp.v2n1p13.

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The personality of an individual is a clue to his/her interpersonal needs. Identifying the employee personality type might help organizations to map their employees’ needs. Every individual has different needs, if they are fulfilled, s/he is motivated enough to perform. The purpose of the research is to analyze the impact of personality traits on interpersonal needs and using “Personality Mapping” as the tool to analyze these needs. The research sample for this study is the future workforce, i.e. students enrolled in a business management course. The research measures include the FIRO-B Scale and Big 5 scales. The study reveals that there is a close relationship between personality and interpersonal needs. The interpersonal needs can predict the personality of the individual. All individual have interpersonal needs but all the needs are not dominant. If the dominant need is identified, the organizations can motivate the individual by satisfying his/her dominant need. The analysis of both i.e. interpersonal needs and the personality can help the organizations to find the Person- job fit and also help them in understanding the motivational aspects of the individual. The predictability of Interpersonal needs from the personality traits gives a clue to the employer about the Job which will best suit the personality of the prospective employee or in other words, which job would satisfy his/her dominant need. Organizational performance is the function of Job Satisfaction and if the needs are satiated, the satisfaction increases and hence the performance.

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Cimaglia, Riccardo. "Relative indirette libere e causali indirette libere nella narrativa italiana ottocentesca." Revue Romane / Langue et littérature. International Journal of Romance Languages and Literatures 48, no. 2 (2013): 221–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/rro.48.2.02cim.

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In this paper I will analyze two subordinate clauses which can be frequently found within free indirect reported speech (FIRS, in the paper DIL): relative and causal clauses. After a short illustration of FIRS I will examine the two clauses with an analysis of the passages in FIRS from Italian narrative literature of the XIX century (especially Manzoni and Verga). A relative or a causal clause can recur within a FIRS passage, can open it or can constitute on its own a FIRS passage becoming, respectively, free indirect relative clause (FIRC, in the paper RIL) and free indirect causal clause (FICC, in the paper CIL). FIRC and FICC share two peculiarities: a) They have a rhematic function; b) They are cases of “hypotactizated parataxis” (FIRC and FICC, as subordinate clauses, connect a FIRS passage to the diegesis without the break of the normal FIRS, paratactically juxtaposed to the narratum). For this last peculiarity FIRC and FICC represented two important stylistic means for the novelists of the Realism to attain the impersonality of the author in the novel through a close fusion between the voice of the author and the voice of the characters.

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Shimajiri, Yoshito, S. Takahashi, S. Takakuwa, M. Saito, and R. Kawabe. "Interaction between molecular outflows and dense gas in the cluster-forming region OMC-2/FIR4." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 2, S237 (2006): 475. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921307002633.

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AbstractSince most stars are born as members of clusters (Lada & Lada 2003), it is important to clarified the detailed mechanism of cluster formation for comprehensive understanding of star formation. However, our current understanding of cluster formation is limited due to the followings; (a)Cluster forming regions are located at the far distance.(b)There are complex mixtures of outflows and dense gas in cluster forming regions. So, we focused on the Orion Molecular Cloud 2 region (OMC-2), a famous cluster-forming region (Lada & Lada 2003) and the most nearest GMC. We observed the FIR 4 region with the Nobeyama Millimeter Array(NMA), Atacama Submillimeter Telescope Experiment (ASTE). In this region, there are 3 protostars (FIR3, FIR4, FIR5) which were identified as 1.3 mm dust continuum sources (Chini et al. 1997) and driving sources of mixed outflows, and FIR 4 is the most strongest source of 1.3 mm dust continuum in OMC-2. Molecular lines we adopted are a high density (105cm−3) gas tracer of H13CO+ (J=1-0), a molecular outflow tracer of 12CO(J=1-0) and 12CO(J=3-2), and SiO(J=2-1 v=0) as a tracer of shocks associated with an interaction between outflows and dense gas.From results of the 12CO(J=1-0) outflow, H13CO+ dense gas, and the SiO shock, the outflow from FIR 3 interacts with dense gas in the FIR 4 region. Moreover the Position-Velocity diagram along the major axis of the 12CO(J=3-2) outflow shows that the 12CO(J=1-0) and SiO emission exhibits a L shape (the line widths increase in the interacting region in morphology). This is an evidence of interaction between the outflows and dense gas (Takakuwa et al. 2003). From result of the 3 mm dust continuum, the interacted region by the molecular outflow of FIR 3 is an assemble of seven dense cores. The mass of each core is 0.1-0.8 M. This clumpy structure is evident only at FIR 4 in the entire OMC-2/3 region. There are possible that two cores are in the proto-stellar phase, because 3 mm dust continuum source correspond to NIR source or 3.6 cm f-f jet source. From these results, cores in the FIR 4 region may be potential source of the next-generation stars. In the other words, there is a possibility that the molecular outflow ejected from FIR 3 is triggering the cluster formation in the FIR 4 region.

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Islam, Md Nazrul, Keisuke Ando, Hidefumi Yamauchi, et al. "Impregnation of laser incised wood of Douglas fir and Japanese cedar by dipping (passive impregnation) in solutions of copper azole (CuAz-B) and a fire retardant (PPC)." Holzforschung 68, no. 3 (2014): 353–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2013-0140.

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Abstract The performance of the passive impregnation method of CO2-laser incised lumber has been investigated concerning wood preservation against different wood-destroying agents. Copper azole type B (CuAz-B) preservative and polyphosphatic carbamate (PPC) fire retardant were impregnated into Douglas fir and Japanese cedar lumber under both green and kiln-dried conditions. Final drying of the lumber was performed by steam injection or kiln drying. The temperature and pressure change in the lumber, as well as the total chemical retention, penetration, decay resistance, fire retardancy and total treatment time were calculated according to different standards. The preservative retention was higher in the Japanese cedar for both green and kiln-dried conditions (5.32 and 5.58 kg m-3, respectively) compared to Douglas fir (5.01 and 4.81 kg m-3). Fire retardant retentions were more than 100 kg m-3 in all cases. The penetration was approximately 100% throughout the lumber. There were no significant differences in the decay resistance test between the different categories of lumber. Moreover, it was possible to treat the green lumber in less than 48 h starting from the green conditon to the final drying. Hence, the presented passive impregnation technique could be useful for industrial application.

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Pang, D., L. A. Ferrari, and P. V. Sankar. "B-spline FIR filters." Circuits Systems and Signal Processing 13, no. 1 (1994): 31–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01183840.

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Pantic, Damjan, Milan Medarevic, Matthias Dees, et al. "Analysis of the growth characteristics of a 450-year-old silver fir tree." Archives of Biological Sciences 67, no. 1 (2015): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs140919018p.

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The growth characteristics of silver fir are of high importance for selection forest management, and for the current aims laid out in Serbia?s forest management focused on increasing the share of silver firs in Serbia?s growing stock. With the objective of increasing the understanding of the growth characteristics of silver fir, the growth of two silver fir trees felled during forest site production research on Mt. Goc, located in Central Serbia, have been analyzed. Both trees showed significant differences in their growth dynamics over long periods as results of micro-site and micro-stand effects (primarily ambient light regime). The common growth characteristic of the two trees, a 450-year-old tree as the main study object (labeled Tree A) and a 270-year-old Tree B is a long stagnation stage. For Tree A the latent phase, with small interruptions, lasted 410 years; one phase lasted 330 years in continuity, which is the longest period of silver fir stagnation recorded in Europe. Tree B showed a long-lasting stagnation stage that lasted 170 years. The long stagnation stage of Tree A, characterized by an average diameter increment of 1.4 mm/year (average growth ring width of 0.7 mm) and an average height increment of 0.08 m/year, shows the extraordinary silver fir capacity for physiological survival in complete shade. This study adds to the existing knowledge of the shade tolerance of the silver fir. Therefore, the silver fir belongs to the group of extremely shade-tolerant tree species. This characteristic makes silver fir an irreplaceable tree species in the selection forest structure. It offers a wide range of silvicultural flexibility in the management of these forests, and is applicable to silver fir selection Serbia?s forests.

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Moore, James A., Peter G. Mika, Terry M. Shaw, and Mariann I. Garrison-Johnston. "Foliar Nutrient Characteristics of Four Conifer Species in the Interior Northwest United States." Western Journal of Applied Forestry 19, no. 1 (2004): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/19.1.13.

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Abstract This article provides foliar nutrient concentration distributions and sample size calculations for Douglas-fir, grand fir, ponderosa pine, and lodgepole pine. Managers can obtain foliar nutrient values from their own lands and use this information to make judgments on the relative nutrient status of forest stands. Foliage was collected from unfertilized trees at 160 different research sites of the Intermountain Forest Tree Nutrition Cooperative spanning a 16 yr period from 1982 to 1997. Douglas-fir showed the lowest variation in foliar nutrient concentrations, while grand fir was the most variable of the species sampled. Nitrogen was the least variable and Mn and Mo generally the most variable elements for all species. Grand fir had much higher foliar concentrations of K and Ca than the other species. Ponderosa pine had the highest foliar N concentrations. The pines generally have lower nutrient concentrations than the firs, with the exception of Zn. Western hemlock habitat types showed lower Douglas-fir foliar Ca, Mg, and B concentrations, but higher K concentrations than other habitat type series. Douglas-fir growing on soils derived from meta-sedimentary rocks generally had lower foliar nutrient concentrations than those growing on other rock types. West. J. Appl. For. 19(1):13–24.

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Link, Steven O., Carson W. Keeler, Randal W. Hill, and Eric Hagen. "Bromus tectorum cover mapping and fire risk." International Journal of Wildland Fire 15, no. 1 (2006): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf05001.

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Fire risk in western North America has increased with increasing cover of Bromus tectorum, an invasive alien annual grass. The relationship between B. tectorum cover and fire risk was determined in a historically burned Artemisia tridentata-Poa secunda shrub–steppe community where B. tectorum cover ranged from 5 to 75%. Fire risk ranged from ~46% with an average of 12% B. tectorum cover to 100% when B. tectorum cover was greater than 45% based on prediction confidence limits. Reflectance of the green and red bands of aerial photographs were related to senescent B. tectorum cover to create fine resolution B. tectorum cover and fire risk maps. This assessment technique will allow land managers to prioritize lands for restoration to reduce fire risk in the shrub-steppe.

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Kraśnicka, Teresa. "Succession and the economic and financial position of family firms in Poland and Czech Republic. Qualitative study results." Scientific Papers of Silesian University of Technology. Organization and Management Series 2017, no. 108 (2017): 203–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.29119/1641-3466.2017.108.19.

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Poulos, Lauren P., and Bitty A. Roy. "Fire and False Brome: How Do Prescribed Fire and Invasive Brachypodium sylvaticum Affect Each Other?" Invasive Plant Science and Management 8, no. 2 (2015): 122–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ipsm-d-14-00024.1.

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Brachypodium sylvaticum, a shade-tolerant, forest dwelling, and aggressive invasive grass native to Eurasia, is a noxious weed in California, Oregon, and Washington. This species could cause ecosystem collapse by altering forest fire regimes. To examine interactions with fire, we divided two Willamette National Forest sites into eight units and randomly selected half for treatment with prescribed fire in spring 2011. We assessed the effect of B. sylvaticum on fire (severity and intensity) as well as the effect of fire on B. sylvaticum (cover, seedling emergence, and dispersal). We found that B. sylvaticum cover decreased fire severity but had no effect on intensity. Furthermore, fire severity influenced B. sylvaticum cover; in areas receiving low-severity fire, the grass increased from 21 ± 15.05 to 34 ± 15.81%, but in areas of high-severity fire, cover remained consistently around 0% (0 ± 0% cover in yr 1 to 0.2 5± 0.25% in yr 3). In the field, prescribed fire decreased seedling emergence by 32% compared to controls, but not in an associated greenhouse experiment. However, in the greenhouse, severely burned plots had zero emergence, compared to 0.29 ± 0.14 seedlings low-severity m−2 plot. Fire severity also influenced dispersal in the field; we monitored plots with < 0.5% cover B. sylvaticum initially; when these plots experienced low severity fire, they had greater B. sylvaticum cover (increasing 1,200%), suggesting increased dispersal with less severe fires. High-severity dispersal plots did not experience increased cover. High severity fires have the potential to control the grass, but low-severity fires will likely increase its cover.

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Jones*, Grant, Bert Cregg, and Katrina Schneller. "True Firs (Abies sp.): New Conifers for the Midwestern Landscape." HortScience 39, no. 4 (2004): 897C—897. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.897c.

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The genus Abies is a member of the family Pinaceae and consists of approximately 55 species found mainly in upper latitudes or higher elevations in the northern hemisphere. Firs generally prefer cool, well-drained sites with acidic soil. Fir trees are occasionally used as landscape trees but are more commonly grown as Christmas trees. Recently, the Michigan State Univ. Forestry Dept. and the Michigan Christmas tree industry initiated a field test of exotic firs (Abies sp.) for potential use as Christmas trees. In the present study we expanded the evaluation of these exotic fir species to include their suitability as landscape trees and to characterize their tolerance to various environmental stresses. We compared foliar nutrition, gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, and shoot morphology of 23 Abies species and hybrids planted at three horticultural research stations in Michigan. Foliar nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), boron (B), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) were correlated (P < 0.05) with soil pH. Species and hybrids varied (P <0.05) in maximum photosynthetic rate, water use efficiency, chlorophyll fluorescence, and the ratio of total needle area to projected needle area. We will discuss the significance of these traits in relation to selecting trees adapted for use in the Midwestern landscape.

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Chow, W. K. "Study on passenger train vehicle fires." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit 211, no. 2 (1997): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954409971530932.

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The fire aspects of passenger train vehicles for two of the railway lines (labelled as A and B) in Hong Kong are discussed. Train compartments of railway line A are of enclosed construction whereas vehicles in railway line B are opened to each other. Reference is made to the smoke filling process as this is identified to be the most important aspect in a fire. Simulations with the fire model ASET were performed in train vehicles for railway line A to study the probable smoke temperature and smoke layer interface height for different fires. The fire zone model CFAST and the CORRIDOR menu of the fire protection engineers' tool FPEtool are used to study the fire environment in the train vehicles for railway line B. Results confirmed that smoke is the key factor to consider. Recommendations for providing better fire protection design and fire safety management are made.

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Markovic, Marija, Dragana Pavlovic, Svetlana Tosic, et al. "Chloroplast pigments in post-fire-grown cryptophytes on Vidlic mountain (southeastern Serbia)." Archives of Biological Sciences 64, no. 2 (2012): 531–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs1202531m.

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In this study the content of chloroplast pigments (chlorophyll a, b, a+b, and carotenoids) in the leaves of Geranium macrorrhizum L., Doronicum columnae Ten., Aegopodium podagraria L. and Tussilago farfara L. from a beech forest that had undergone fire on Vidlic Mountain was determined. The same species of plants from a place that had not been exposed to fire were taken as controls. Chloroplast pigments were determined from acetone extracts of these plants spectrophotometrically. In the first year after the fire the content of chlorophyll a, b and a+b in Geranium macrorrhizum L. and Doronicum columnae Ten. was greater than in the plants not exposed to fire. The results were the opposite for Aegopodium podagraria L. and Tussilago farfara L. These differences can be attributed to the different physiology of the plants and consequently their different adaptation patterns. The carotenoid content was higher in the plant species at the fire site than in the area not exposed to fire.

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Journal articles on the topic 'FIRO-B'

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