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Feinauer, Ian David. "The Relationship of Implicit Family Process Rules to Adolescent Presentation of Psychological Systems." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2006. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1328.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Brigham Young University. Dept. of Marriage and Family Therapy, 2006.Title of electronic copy: Relationship of implicit family process rules to adolescent presentation of psychological systems. Includes bibliographical references (p. 66-76).
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Small, Erin D. "Fire Ecology in the Acadian Spruce-Fir Region and Vegetation Dynamics Following the Baxter Park Fire of 1977." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2004. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/SmallED2004.pdf.
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Dicus, Christopher A. "Post-Fire Succession and Disturbance Interactions on an Intermountain Subalpine Spruce-Fir Forest." DigitalCommons@USU, 1995. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7299.
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Four general post-fire successional pathways leading to a climax Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii Parry)/subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa [Hook] Nutt.) forest were identified operating on the T.W. Daniel Experimental Forest in northern Utah. These included initial colonization by seral quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.), seral lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.), colonization by lodgepole pine followed by a low intensity surface fire, and immediate colonization by late successional Engelmann spruce and subalpine fir.
Post-fire establishment of the late successional species occurred earliest in the Engelmann spruce/subalpine fir pathway followed by the lodgepole pine and lodgepole pine ground fire pathways, and the quaking aspen pathway . The late successional species 11 grew fastest in the Engelmann spruce/subalpine fir pathway followed by the quaking aspen, lodgepole pine, and lodgepole pine ground-fire pathways.
Conceptual models were presented showing how perturbations by fire, insect epidemics, and disease could interact to influence succession and shape the subalpine landscape. The subalpine forest changes through time to facilitate different types of disturbance that have varying effects on succession. In the continued suppression of fire, species and age class diversity will be reduced and disturbances may occur that are larger and more intense than those that have occurred historically.
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Vihnanek, Robert E. "The effects of slashburning on the growth and nutrition of young Douglas-fir plantations in some dry, salal-dominated ecosystems." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25062.
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Twenty Douglas-fir plantations, ranging from 5 to 15 years old, were examined on the east side of Vancouver Island. In all areas studied, salal was the dominant ground cover, and was suspected of being a major competitor with trees for water and nutrients. In each plantation, part of the area has been burned and part was unburned. Stocking of planted Douglas-firs was found to be greater on the burned than on the unburned areas of 16 sites and height growth of planted Douglas-firs was greater on the burned than on the unburned areas of 18 sites. Some degree of nitrogen deficiency was inferred for 17 sites, but was not attributed to burning. Height and percent cover of salal was greater on unburned areas. Differences in height growth and percent cover of salal between burned and unburned areas were seen to be greatest where inferred burn severity was high. Browsing of Douglas-fir was more prevalent on burned areas but did not result in height growth being less than on adjacent unburned areas.Forestry, Faculty of
Graduate
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Andrews, Garren M. "Post-fire Mortality and Response in a Redwood/ Douglas-fir Forest, Santa Cruz Mountains, California." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2012. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/882.
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We investigated how fire severity impacts the survival and response (sprouting/seeding) of multiple species in the Santa Cruz Mountains of coastal California, including coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens), Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), tanoak (Lithocarpus densiflorus), and Pacific madrone(Arbutus menziesii). During August 2009 the Lockheed Fire burned nearly 3,160ha of mixed-conifer stands with variable severity. Data from 37 Continuous Forest Inventory (CFI) plots were collected immediately before and for 2 successive years following the 2009 Lockheed Fire.
This research entails three objectives. First, we quantified post-fire mortality of trees that vary in species, size, and fire severity. Second, data was quantified for post-fire response (sprouting, seeding) of those three tree species in areas of varying fire severity. Third, we developed logistic regression models that predict post-fire mortality and response for each of the three species. Understanding the relationship between burn severity, mortality and regeneration can allow for better post-fire predictive services. This research can support forest managers in post-fire management decisions to facilitate long-term sustainability and protection of environmental infrastructure within coast redwood/Douglas-fir forests.
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Gergely, Noemi. "Implicit Family Process and Couples Rules: A Comparison of American and Hungarian Families." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2006. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/526.
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Family life is organized by rules, and most of them are unspokenly agreed-upon by family members and may be even out of awareness. Implicit family process and couple rules may facilitate or constrain family relationship and intimate couple relationship growth. Prevalence of family rules may be different across cultures. Family members may perceive their rules and family functioning differently according to their family position and gender. Married couples may view their relationship rules differently than couples who cohabit. This study utilized the Family Implicit Rules Profile (FIRP) and the Couples Implicit Rules Profile (CIRP) Questionnaires to answer these research questions. The questionnaires were translated into Hungarian, and the content validity of the Hungarian translation was established. Hungarian non-clinical families and couples were compared to American (U.S.) non-clinical families and couples to examine how prevalent implicit rules were in the two cultures. According to the findings, Hungarian families and couples scored lower on the total FIRP and CIRP scores. Hungarian families perceived implicit family rules regarding kindness and monitoring less prevalent, and rules regarding constraining their thoughts, feelings and self more prevalent than American families. No differences were found in expressiveness and connection and inappropriate caretaking of parents between the two cultures. Hungarian couples perceived their implicit relationship rules regarding kindness, expressiveness and connection and monitoring less prevalent than American couples. No differences in implicit rules about constraining thoughts, feelings and self and inappropriate caretaking of partner were found between the two cultures. Mothers in both cultures viewed their families in a more positive light than other family members, and female family members (mothers and daughters) were more positive than their male counterparts (fathers and sons) about rules in their families in both cultures. Sons in both cultures perceived more responsibility to protect their parents emotionally than did daughters. Married couples in both cultures perceived their relationship rules more favorably in terms of kindness and monitoring than cohabiting couples. Results were interpreted in the context of cultural differences between the American and the Hungarian cultures. Limitations and the possibility of future research are discussed.
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Jorgensen, Carl Arik. "The Effects of Spruce Beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) on Fuels and Fire in Intermountain Spruce-Fir Forests." DigitalCommons@USU, 2010. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/646.
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In spruce-fir forests, there are many biotic and abiotic disturbances that can alter stand structure and composition. Many of these disturbances can produce high percentages of tree mortality at different scales. Spruce beetle has been considered a devastating disturbance agent, capable of creating high levels of mortality that will alter fuel complexes that may affect fire behavior. For comparison, stand data were gathered in endemic (near Loa and Moab, UT), epidemic (near Loa and Fairview, UT), and post-epidemic (near Salina and Loa, UT) condition classes of spruce beetle activity. Generally, fine fuels were higher during the epidemic and returned to background levels during post-epidemic conditions. Also, herbaceous and shrub components increase following outbreak situations with an initial pulse of herbaceous material during epidemics followed by the expansion of shrub material in post-epidemic areas. Fuel bed bulk depth, large diameter woody material, sound and rotten, and duff did not significantly differ between spruce beetle condition classes. Available live canopy fuel, canopy bulk density, and canopy base height were significantly reduced from endemic when compared to epidemic and post-epidemic condition classes. The fuel complex alterations resulted in changes to calculated surface and crown fire behavior. Crown base height decreased in post-epidemic classes, which allowed for easier crown fire initiation. Due to large gaps in canopy continuity, no active crown fire was initiated. In endemic situations, canopy bulk density was adequate to maintain active crown fire runs, but crown base height was too high to initiate crown fire. Surface fire, estimated from the custom fuel models following fuel complex alterations, showed that fireline intensity and rates of spread were greater in post-epidemic areas, but mostly due to reduced overstory sheltering. When custom fuel models were compared with similar mid-flame wind speeds, epidemic and post-epidemic fire behavior predictions were similar, indicating that reduced sheltering was more dominant than the influence of the fuels complex or solar radiation. When custom fuel models were compared with established fuel models, none predicted the same fire behavior outputs.
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Krause, Robert C. "What is Killing Firefighters? A Study of Volunteer Firefighter Fatalities." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1563365156751977.
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Cunningham, Catherine A. "Bark Beetle Activity in Douglas-Fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca Mirb. (Franco), Following the 1994 Beaver Mountain Fire." DigitalCommons@USU, 1997. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7267.
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The 1994 Beaver Mountain fire ignited the canopies of subalpine fir, Abies lasiocarpa, and spread ground fire into adjacent Douglas-fir forests, Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca. Despite shorter flight seasons due to lower annual temperatures and persistent snow, the Douglas-fir bark beetle, Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopkins, attacked a range of moderately fire-injured host conifers. Logistic regression models illustrated that in 1995 associated bark beetles selected large diameter Douglas-fir with 60-80% bole char, 60-80% crown volume scorch, and 50-70% probability of mortality due to fire. In 1996 beetle preference shifted to smaller diameter trees with lighter fire injury. Tree size was less significant for predicted attack in 1996 because most large fire-damaged conifers were colonized by beetles in 1995. Beetle populations did not reach outbreak proportions outside the fire boundary, but 53 green trees were also infested in 1997 along the burn perimeter.
Log linear tests conducted to quantify beetle emergence supported conclusions that beetles were not only attracted to mature, moderately fire-weakened conifers, but also produced greater brood numbers with up to 60-80 emergence holes/ 1800 cm2. Fire-defoliated trees provided bark beetles with sufficient phloem and limited resistance, allowing beetles to aggregate on areas of viable stem tissue regardless of overall bole char extent.
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Winer, Daniel H. "The development and meaning of firefighting, 1650-1850." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 351 p, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1833647391&sid=8&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Häussler, Carolin. "Inter-firm collaboration : valuation, contracting, and firm restructuring /." Wiesbaden : Deutscher Universitäts-Verlag, 2005. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?u20=3824483335.
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Masinde, Catherine Kadenyeka Madete. "Developing SMEs through large firm-small firm linkages." Thesis, Durham University, 1994. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/694/.
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This thesis aims to explore the prospects for small and medium enterprise (SME) development using inter-finn linkages between large and small finns in Kenya A wide range of strategies has been adopted already for the development of small enterprises globally, but limited use appears to have been made, outside Japan, of inter-finn linkages as a specific strategy. Despite the recent global movement towards inter-finn relationships as a strategy for achieving efficiency through the down-sizing of large finns, externalisation of activities, and adoption of lean production techniques, no attempt appears to have been made to use the strategy for SME development, possibly because little is known about how inter-finn linkages between large and small .finns are fonned. This thesis aims to con1ribute to the development of this understanding by using an inductive, qualitative research approach to explore the fuctors influencing the sourcing strategies of large finns in Kenya, to detennine whether these have some potential for SME development both in the country and more generally. The study focuses on the Kenyan vehicle assembly industry and examines, through in-depth case studies, the sourcing activities of three vehicle assembly plants and four franchise holders. Overnll, the research lends support to the argument that for various reasons largely related to m.arlcet failure, and a non-conducive business environment, large firms in Kenya's motor vehicle industIy are reluctant to outsource voluntarily from local small finns, and that when they do, relations appear to be arms-length and adversarial. The research also reveals that in the Kenyan environment, contrary to the arguments of transaction cost theory, outsourcing decisions are predicated on the need to comply with compulsory regulations in order to gain access to resources and m.arlcets, rather -than primarily on cost minimisation. Consequently, strategies which assure access to resources such as foreign exchange and impo.rt licenses were found to override purely efficiency considerations. The findings imply that although there are some prospects for SME development using this approach, the selection of small enterprises as suppliers by managers of large firms is limited by large firms' perceptions of the suitability of such suppliers, and that if SME development is to take place through such linkages, strategies which either change the image of small suppliers, or improve the attitudes oflarge buyers have to be adopted.
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Gosselin, Steven Daniel. "The Application of Fire Dynamics to Fire Forensics." Digital WPI, 2004. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/1089.
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"Fire investigative methodologies were researched and analyzed resulting in the development of an organizational tool to be used for conducting fire investigations. The tool, or field-guide, was designed to aid the investigator in processing structural fire scenes. The tool accomplishes this by providing, 1) thirteen forms for properly documenting the scene, 2) flowcharts which can enhance the investigators intuition for the fire’s growth rate and spread, and 3) basic engineering correlations which can be used to help validate hypotheses the investigator may develop. By employing these methods, the field-guide can be effectively used to lead an investigator through the entire investigation process - from data collection, to the formulation of hypotheses, and ultimately, to quantitative validation."
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Sharapov, Dmitry. "Firm-level and contextual influences on firm performance." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610869.
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Olsen, Mary W., and Deborah Young. "Fire Blight." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/144803.
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3 pp.Originally published: 1998
Fireblight is a bacterial disease that affects only plants in the rose family, particularly apple, pear and pyracantha. This article briefly discusses the symptoms and environmental conditions for this disease and the way to control it.
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Norris, James C. III. "Of Fire." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2019. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/786.
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The teenage daughter of a summer camp slasher, trained to kill sexually active adolescents, questions her father’s work when the camp she’s assigned to terrorize hands out bibles instead of condoms. That’s right, it’s a Christian camp.
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Sullivan, Katherine Aiken. "Necessary Fire." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71860.
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In this collection the poet explores the gyre of domestic life and specifically how this complex and paradoxical storm pulls women/wives/mothers in many directions at the same time. Using a variety of motifs including glass, water, fire, and bodies, she writes about the deluge of joy, grief, fear, passion, desperation, wonder, salvation, and destruction that accompanies devotion to children, partners, relatives, and friends.Master of Fine Arts
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Förell, Lycke. "Fire Works." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-261530.
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Fire Works is a cultural center that will seem durable, welcoming and useful. The Culture center will serve as an extension of the central fireplace in the building. Something that gives light and life to the city with the activity created by the presence of the citizens. The building remains within the framework of the environment that surrounds it, a million program area with material dominance of concrete, glass and steel.Fire Works är ett kulturcenter som ska verka tåligt, välkomnande och användbart. Kulturhuset ska fungera som en förlängning av den centrala eldstaden i byggnaden. Något som ger ljus och liv åt staden med den aktivitet som skapas av människans närvaro. Byggnaden håller sig inom ramarna för den miljö som omger den, ett miljonprogramsområde med materiell dominans av betong, glas och stål.
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Riha, Joyce Marie. "Fire Ants." PDXScholar, 1996. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5150.
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Loss is a fundamental part of the human experience, from the loss of security and innocence that comes with the necessary separation of child from parent to the ultimate loss of life. Along the way, there are the losses of jobs, of incomes, of homes; the losses of friendships, of family members, of lovers; the losses of direction, of control, of hope. As cognitive and caring beings, humans struggle to cope with these losses, to greater and lesser degrees of success. This is the theme at the heart of this thesis. Fire Ants is composed of ten short stories, fictive works, which differ in specific subject matter, yet deal unilaterally with issues of loss. Like the venomous creatures that threaten to eat B. D. Packard alive in the title story, life eats away at a number of characters in the collection who are deficient. The narrators in "Aftermath" and "Hues," for example, suffer psychological -- if not physical -- deaths. But not all of the characters lack coping mechanisms, unhealthy as they may sometimes be. As the stories unfold, some characters begin to gain small degrees of perspective and understanding, to learn that while life is full of loss, it is not always entirely bleak. As demonstrated in "Cross Creek," good exists, though it is not always where one might expect it. And life can be full despite loss, as depicted in "Stitches."
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Parsons, Michael S. "Fire Dance." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1302553794.
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Barák, Matyáš. "Fire-Place." Thesis, Konstfack, Inredningsarkitektur & Möbeldesign, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:konstfack:diva-5822.
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A floor, four walls and a ceiling – this space that we take for granted has not always been a feature for humans. In my Degree project, I learn what a space has meant for people. I learn what existed before we built a room for ourselves, what came after, and what was a role of a fireplace in this process. I do so to be build my own relationship with a space of four walls to be able to work with such a space as a context for my work.
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McNulty, Craig. "A visual fire interest scale : fire interest and personality factors among controls and fire-setters." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.405368.
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Farris, Calvin Arthur. "Spatial and Temporal Validation of Fire-Scar Fire Histories." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195769.
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Accurate information about historical fire regimes is needed to understand the long-term effects of fire and climate on ecosystem dynamics and guide ecosystem restoration. Fire scars are used widely to reconstruct historical fire regimes around the world but few empirical validation studies have been conducted. This dissertation consists of three integrated studies aimed at addressing the following questions: (1) how accurate are fire-scar fire histories compared to known patterns of fire occurrence; (2) how do these relationships vary spatially and temporally; (3) how representative statistically are search-based ("targeted) fire-scar sampling techniques? I utilized an empirical corroboration approach to validate fire-scar reconstructions against documentary fire perimeters for a 2,780 hectare ponderosa pine landscape in Saguaro National Park, Arizona (USA). Resampling statistics and spatial modeling were used to quantify interactions between spatial scale, sample size, and fire size. Statistical properties of targeted sampling were assessed by analyzing three case studies containing paired examples of targeted and non-targeted sampling (i.e., systematic and census). I found strong linear relationships between fire-scar synchrony (samples scarred in a given year) and annual area burned. Fire-scar derived estimates of fire frequency metrics, such as Mean Fire Return Interval and Natural Fire Rotation, did not differ significantly from the documentary record, and there was strong spatial coherence between fire frequency maps interpolated from fire-scar data and documentary maps. Scale and sample size dependence of fire-scar detection probabilities were variable for small fire years but relatively weak for widespread fires. This resulted in consistent and predictable influences on fire frequency reconstructions: statistical measures dependent on area burned were relatively stable and robust across a range of scale, sample size, and fire size. Targeted sampling did not differ statistically from non-targeted datasets, but targeted fire-scar data contained proportionately greater sample depth and longer temporal records with fewer samples. These results demonstrate collectively that key temporal and spatial fire frequency parameters can be reconstructed accurately from point-based fire-scar data. They also reaffirm general interpretations and management implications from past fire history research indicating that frequent, widespread burning was an important component of pre-settlement fire regimes in Southwestern ponderosa pine.
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Elert, Niklas. "Economic dynamism : essays on firm entry and firm growth." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-34804.
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The topic of this thesis is economic dynamism. The five articles contribute to the literature on firm entry and firm growth. Studies are based on a dataset covering all Swedish limited liability firms between 1997 and 2010. The first article investigates conditions for firm entry in Sweden, distinguishing regular entrants from entrants that survive for at least two years, modelling the firm entry decision using count data models. While high income and a well-educated population had a positive effect, the effect was more important for surviving entrants. The second article uses a similar method, but focuses on wholesale industries and distinguishes between regular entry and in migration of firms, i.e. when an incumbent firm relocates its operations. Access to a university, many educated workers and low local taxes had positive effects. Better access to infrastructure had a strong positive effect on entrants, but it was smaller for in-migrating firms. The third article investigates if the industry context matters for whether Gibrat’s law holds, i.e. whether firm growth is independent of firm size. The law is found more likely to be rejected in industries with a high minimum efficient scale and a large number of firms located in metropolitan areas, but more likely to hold in industries with high market concentration and more group ownership. The fourth and fifth article contribute to the high-growth firms (HGFs) literature. In the fourth article it is examined whether the way HGFs are defined matters for the policy implications. It is found that the economic contributions of HGFs differ significantly depending on definition. Young firms are however more likely to be HGFs irrespective of definition. The fifth article considers the frequent argument that policymakers should target high-tech firms, i.e., firms with high R&D intensity, because such firms are thought more likely to become HGFs. We examine this assumption by studying the industry distribution of HGFs. Results indicate that industries with high R&D intensity, ceteris paribus, can be expected to have a lower share of HGFs than can industries with lower R&D intensity. By contrast, we find that HGFs are overrepresented in service industries with a high share of human capital.
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Meng, Qingrui. "Delayed credit rating changes, firm financing and firm performance." Thesis, Durham University, 2012. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3426/.
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Motivated by the insufficient research in understanding the influences of the delayed changes in credit ratings, the practical importance of information asymmetry as well as the theoretical difficulty of measuring information gap with an appropriate proxy, this thesis regards delayed credit rating change (DCRC) as a source of asymmetric information and exploits whether and how it affects issuer’s capital structure adjustments. It uses Compustat North America quarterly data from 1985 to 2010 inclusive. Rating agencies often delay updating credit ratings, leading to an information gap between bond issuers and the market. This offers issuers (market insiders) opportunities to utilise the delayed credit rating changes as superior information, alongside which, factors capturing the associated benefits and costs of the rating changes and capital structure adjustments, are addressed to form the three key interactive variables in this research: DCRC, capital structure adjustments and firm performance. First considered are the effects of information asymmetry on financing adjustment before DCRCs. The evidence shows that issuers often adjust debt and equity financing at least one quarter before rating change announcements published by rating agencies. Issuers who anticipate rating upgrades in the next quarter do not significantly change the net debt issuance. Issuers who anticipate rating downgrades increase net debt issuance before rating changes. Secondly, this research is concerned with the robustness of DCRC’s effects, which is confirmed by various robustness check tests and incorporating DCRC into tests of the existing capital structure theories. The result confirms DCRC’s robust effects on firm financing adjustments. The last issue addressed is the relation between information asymmetry and gains or losses to issuers when utilising the information asymmetry. The results suggest that information asymmetry does bring material effects on firm performance. The three groups of results form a mechanism of delayed credit rating change’s real effects and reveal a fresh explanation for issuer’s financing decision making under asymmetric information.
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Mickley, Brian P. "A plan for the Allentown Fire Academy that will show its potential as an institution of education and learning which will meet the needs of the attending firefighters and the communities they serve." Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1994. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.
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Psaltis, June. "Climate response, age distribution, and fire history of a Corkbark Fir (Abies Lasiocarpa Var. Arizonica) stand in the Santa Catalina Mountains, Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278758.
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The southernmost known North American stand of corkbark fir ( Abies lasiocarpa var. arizonica (Merriam) Lemm.) is found in the Santa Catalina Mountains just north of Tucson, Arizona. Climate response, age distribution, and fire history were studied in this small corkbark fir stand to provide baseline information for future management. Response function analysis indicated April--June precipitation from the current growing season, April--June temperature from the current growing season, November--March precipitation prior to the growing season, and August--October precipitation from the previous growing season as the most highly correlated factor with ring-width variance. Age distribution appeared to be steady state. A fire chronology developed for the corkbark fir site was used to test synchroneity of fire events with previously developed chronologies from nearby sites. Chi-squared analyses indicated significant association of fire years for all sites but not spread of fire from one site to another.
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Gardelle, Bastien. "Development and resistance to fire of intumescent silicone based coating : fire protection of steel in simulated fire." Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10079/document.
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L'objectif de ce travail de thèse est de développer des revêtements intumescents à base de résines de silicone pour la protection de l'acier en cas d’incendie. Les revêtements intumescents ont pour fonction d'assurer l'intégrité des structures en acier exposées au feu, ce métal perdant une grande partie de ses propriétés mécaniques au-dessus de 550°C. Les revêtements intumescents classiquement utilisés sont formulés à partir de résines organiques ce qui conduit à certaines limitations. Dans ce travail, des revêtements intumescents hybrides organiques-inorganiques à base de résines de silicone ont donc été développés. Dans un premier temps, il est montré que les résines silicones de types RTV (room temperature vulcanized) présentent les meilleures propriétés de barrière thermique. Par la suite, du graphite expansible a été incorporé en tant qu’agent gonflant à la résine silicone, pour permettre l'expansion du revêtement à haute température. Grâce à des interactions spécifiques entre le silicone et le graphite expansé, le revêtement obtenu présente d'excellentes propriétés de protection thermique. Ces résultats ont été attribués à ses propriétés de gonflement, à sa faible conductivité thermique à haute température et à la bonne cohésion du char développé. Des charges minérales supplémentaires ont ensuite été incorporées dans la formulation afin d'augmenter les propriétés mécaniques du char. Enfin, les paramètres essentiels régissant les propriétés de barrières thermiques des revêtements siliconés ont été mises en évidence. En jouant sur ces paramètres, il est possible de formuler des revêtements performants pour la protection de l'acier au cours d'un incendieThe purpose of this Ph.D work is to develop intumescent coatings for the protection of steel against fire. The aim of this coating is to ensure the integrity of steel structure exposed to fire since steel loses more than 50% of its load capacity above 550°C. Intumescent coatings expand in case of fire leading to the formation of an insulative barrier limiting the heat transfer from the heat source to the substrate. Most of these coatings are organic based and thus exhibit some limitations. Thus, in this work, hybrid organic-inorganic coatings based on silicone resins were developed. In a first step, it is shown that room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber is the silicone matrix exhibiting the best insulative properties in fire scenarios. Expandable graphite is then used as blowing agent to make the silicone swell when exposed to fire. Due to several interactions between silicone and expandable graphite at high temperature, the coating exhibits excellent fire performance. This performance was attributed to the swelling properties, the low thermal conductivity at high temperature and the good cohesion of the developed char. Additional fillers such as calcium carbonate and organoclay are incorporated in the formulation to increase the mechanical properties of the char. Finally, the critical parameters governing the insulative properties of intumescent silicone coatings have been determined. Moreover, it was pointed out that it is possible to develop silicone coatings exhibiting better fire performance than commercial intumescent paint for the protection of steel against fire in both hydrocarbon and cellulosic fire scenarios
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May, Adam D. R. "Identification of fire gases in early stages of fire in laboratory scaled and full scale fire experiments." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2011. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/2823/.
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A series of reduced scale emulations of standard fires in a 2 m3 enclosure have been developed for studies at laboratory scale enabling useful comparison and correlation with full scale EN54/7 and UL268 test fires. This makes study of standard test fire conditions and products substantially more accessible. The reduced scale test fire emulations have smoke obscuration characteristics matched to the fire standards and show acceptable matching of experimental CO levels Sensor, fire detector, and analytical studies have been carried out on test fires in the 2 m3 enclosure and in a full scale test room. Protocols were developed for capture of gas and vapours from fires on absorbent media and their subsequently desorption and analysis by GC/MS techniques. A data set of GC chromatograms has been generated for full and reduced scale test fires and for a number of non standard fire or false alarm related process including overheating of cooking oils and toasting bread. Analysis of mass spectrometry ion fragmentation spectra has been carried out and a wide range of products identified. Products occurring for a range of different fires include propene, benzene, and some polyaromatics. The value of the scaled test fire emulations has been demonstrated by monitoring response of a range of sensors, detectors and instruments including electrochemical gas sensor, experimental and conventional light scattering smoke detectors, and ion mobility measurement equipment (FAIMS). The study has provided information on fire characteristics and products to inform future research and development on fire detection technologies.
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Armwood, Creshona Witmyer. "Framework of a facility management code based decision model to evaluate and predict placement of fire alarm audible and visual notification devices." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2004. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-06072004-131042/unrestricted/armwood%5Fcreshona%5Fw%5F200405%5Fms.pdf.
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Richards, Paul Leonard Edward. "Characterising a Design Fire for a Deliberately Lit Fire Scenario." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Civil Engineering, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1779.
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Deliberately lit fires make up over 15% of all fires in New Zealand buildings yet they are
typically omitted from the design brief for fire engineering purposes. This report examines
where deliberately lit fires should be included as part of the fire engineering design by
examination of all deliberately lit fires recorded in the New Zealand Fire Incident
Reporting System (NZ FIRS) between the years 1996 and 2006.
The main types of buildings identified where consideration of deliberately lit fires within
the design would provide benefits are:
· Prisons
· Psychiatric institutions
· Schools
· Crowd activities
· Attached accommodation
The report also examined what is required to include deliberately lit fires as part of the
design process. Based on an analysis of the fire incident statistics, the majority of
deliberately lit fires are the result of unplanned activities and existing design fires will be
adequate. Two critical fire scenarios were identified as exceeding these requirements, the
ignition of multiple fires and the use of accelerants. Greater life safety benefits are obtained
by considering accelerants.
In the case of multiple fires, each fire is likely to be within the capabilities of a fire
engineered building however a number of such fires may overwhelm the fire protection
features of a building. A number of issues for the fire engineer to consider are briefly
discussed. In the case of accelerants, a number of experiments were completed to
characterise the heat release rate and species production of a Molotov cocktail based on the
fuel volume used. A second round of experiments extended this work by examining the
scenario where a Molotov cocktail containing 1000 milliliters of petrol was deployed
within a stairwell.
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Setser, Katherine. "Fighting Fire with Fire: Redefining the Interior Design Value Proposition." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1377873629.
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Gorbett, Gregory Edward. "Development and Assessment of a Decision Support Framework for Enhancing the Forensic Analysis and Interpretation of Fire Patterns." Digital WPI, 2015. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations/462.
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"Fire investigators have historically relied upon fire damage as a means to conclude where a fire originated despite the lack of formal processes. The historical and current literature on the topic was evaluated with a specific emphasis toward the research conducted over the past eighty years related to fire patterns and their creation in the context of the fire environment. A seven step reasoning process for evaluating damage for determining the area of origin, along with a new definition for the term fire pattern, was developed. The aim was to develop and implement into practice a decision support framework that assists forensic fire investigators in assessing the efficacy of fire burn patterns as reliable indicators of the area of fire origin. This was facilitated by the development of a prototype method for determining the area of origin based on fire patterns analysis, named the Process for Origin Determination (POD). This dissertation describes the application of the POD with test subjects and presents an analysis of the outcomes showing its benefits. It has been shown through the use of reliability and validity tests that the POD assisted novices in more consistently and more accurately determining the area of origin over a variety of scenarios."
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Kazeminia, Ali. "Firm Sustained Growth." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/301631.
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Aquesta tesi respon a la pregunta de “Com les empreses creixen de forma sostenible en contexts dinàmics”, una de les qüestions fonamentals de la literatura d’estratègia. La tesi està formada per tres estudis que aborden diferents aspectes del creixement d´una empresa.
El primer estudi proporciona un anàlisi teòric sobre “com” es produeix el creixement utilitzant la perspectiva “open-systems” i “resource-based view”. Bàsicament descriu com els recursos de les empreses creixen, i clarifica les característiques del creixement. L’estudi finalitza amb una discussió sobre la heterogeneïtat dels recursos de les empreses.
El segon estudi aporta un recolzament empíric al primer estudi i descriu el creixement sostingut del consorci Airbus durant un període de 20 anys (entre 1967 i 1986). L’estudi mostra com la acumulació incremental de recursos centrada en l’estratègia de “comunalitat” ha contribuït al creixement sostenible d’Airbus. A més a més, l’estudi mostra dos períodes de creixement (1) la creació i establiment durant la primera dècada i (2) altres avanços tecnològics posteriors.
Finalment, el darrer estudi aporta una teoria sobre el trencament inesperat d´una aliança i com aquest interromp el creixement de la empresa, on el divorci dirigeix l’empresa a una crisi. L’article argumenta com l’empresa pot superar la crisi i tornar a les condicions de creixement a través de la gestió dels seus recursos. L’estudi presenta com la velocitat de canvi dels recursos pot contribuir a la gestió dels recursos en crisi.Esta tesis responde a la pregunta “¿cómo pueden crecer de forme sostenible las empresas en contextos dinámicos?”, que es una de las cuestiones fundamentales en la literatura de estrategia. La tesis está formada por tres estudios sobre varios aspectos del crecimiento de las empresas. El primer estudio presenta un estudio teórico sobre “cómo” se produce el crecimiento de empresa utilizando la perspectiva de “open-systems” y “resource-based view”. Básicamente describe cómo los recursos crecen y clarifica las características de ese crecimiento. El estudio finaliza con una discusión sobre la heterogeneidad de los recursos de las empresas. El segundo estudio aporta un estudio empírico sobre el tema tratado en el primer artículo y describe el crecimiento sostenible del consorcio Airbus a lo largo de 20 años (entre 1967 y 1986). El estudio muestra cómo la acumulación incremental de recursos centrada en la estrategia de “comunalidad” ha contribuido al crecimiento sostenido de Airbus. Además, el estudio presenta dos períodos de crecimiento: (1) la creación y establecimiento durante la primera década, y (2) otros avances tecnológicos posteriores. Finalmente, el último estudio ofrece una teoría sobre la terminación inesperada de una alianza y cómo ésta interrumpe el crecimiento de la empresa, donde el divorcio lleva la empresa a la crisis. El artículo argumenta cómo la empresa puede superar la crisis y volver a las condiciones de crecimiento a través de la gestión de sus recursos. El estudio presenta cómo la velocidad de cambio de los recursos puede contribuir a la gestión de los recursos en crisis.
The thesis responds to the question ´how do firms grow sustainably in dynamic environments´ as one of the fundamental questions in strategy literature. It provides three concrete studies in addressing various aspects of firm´s growth: the first study provides a theoretical study on the how of firm growth drawing on open-system perspective and resource-based view. It basically describes how firm´s resources grow and clarifies the characteristics that resources show over time. The study is finalized by discussions on the heterogeneity of firms´ resources. The second study provides an empirical support for the first study and provides an empirical case on the successful and sustained growth of Airbus consortium over 20 years from 1967 to 1986. The study shows how the incremental accumulation of resources with a focus on commonality strategy has contributed to the sustained growth of Airbus. In addition, the study shows two periods of growth (1) sparks and establishment in the first decade of Airbus growth and (2) further technological advances afterwards. Finally, the last study provides a theory of an unexpected dissolved alliance interrupting the firm growth where the divorce directs the firm into crisis. It discusses how the firm can pass the crisis and return to its growth condition through the management of its resources. The study discusses how the change speed of resources could contribute to the management of resources in crisis.
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Candito, Kara Anne. "Thinking about fire." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/1668.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.F.A.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2004.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of English. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Nolan, Margo J. "Tinged With Fire." VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10156/2209.
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Deneke, Fred. "Fire-Resistant Landscaping." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146944.
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DeGomez, Tom, and Chris Jones. "Fire-Resistant Landscaping." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/270113.
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Lamont, Robert W. "Direct fire synchronization." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/23644.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedThis thesis analyzes defense in sector missions adapted from the National Training Center and conducted with the Janus(A) high resolution combat model to check for relationships which influence direct fire synchronization. This analysis should enhance the monitoring of unit performances in the area of concentration of massing of fires consistent with the commander's intent. The combat fighting vehicle, which combines the characteristics of mobility with high volumes of firepower, dominates the desert battlefield and is the focus of this study. Graphical methods and analytic techniques are developed the describe the battle in terms of direct fire synchronization and a mission measure of effectiveness (MOE). This research is being conducted under the E.S. Army's Battle Enhanced Analysis methodologies (BEAM) study, which is developing objective doctrinal AirLand battle measures and visual displays to enhance training analysis. The thesis also describes the training environment of the NTC, defense in sector doctrine for both the U.S. Army and the U.S. Marine Corps with emphasis on asymmetries, and threat offensive doctrine
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Countryman, Elizabeth Katherine. "Hold your fire." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3598.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.F.A) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.Thesis research directed by: Dept. of English. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Paquette, Russell G. "Kiss of Fire." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 1992. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/651.
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Ignacio, Carolyn D. "Playing with Fire." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 1988. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/572.
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Goyeneche, Cristina. "Embracing the fire." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6116.
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The graduate school journey of how I discovered my process into being an actor and how I completely changed as a person. This thesis details my struggles, my successes, and my failures. It incorporates where I was, in my process, before graduate school, where it is now, and where I hope it will be one day.
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Schlachter-Townsend, Jessica O. "Form Through Fire." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1210294330.
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Ford, Sarah. "Fire and Gold." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1559072363615141.
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Assad, Mahmoud Abdulatif. "Improved fire modelling." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/improved-fire-modelling(b5bf15d8-890b-4201-a800-f1c810a88ba1).html.
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This thesis describes the development and validation of a modified eddy viscosity model to take into account the misalignment between stress a_{ij} and strain S_{ij} fields for reacting flow. The stress-strain misalignment is quantified by introducing a C_{as}=-a_{ij}S_{ij} /\sqrt{2S_{ij}S_{ij}} parameter. A new transport equation for C_{as} was derived from a full Reynolds stress model (RSM). The C_{as} transport equation was coupled to a standard EVM model (e.g. k-\omega SST) to form three equations model. This model is a new version of the SST-C_{as} model introduced by Revell (Revell2006), to incorporate buoyancy and combustion effects for buoyant reacting flow (e.g. fire). The performance of the proposed model was initially investigated via non-reacting buoyant plumes with different level of unsteadiness. The buoyant plumes were also simulated using different turbulence models and the results were compared to proposed model and experimental data. The model shows significant improvements for velocity and scalar profiles in region closed to plume centreline compared to the original SST model. The SST-C_{as} model was then applied for a real fire test case (Steckler room), and the results were compared to experimental data and results of RSM models. The SST-C_{as} model generally yields better than classical EVM models and reduces the gap between the RSM and EVM prediction with 25-30\% additional computational expenses. This work is still under development and validation for reacting flows, further work is going on to include the turbulence combustion interaction and validate it with DNS data.
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Tsang, Mo-chau. "Fire research & education centre." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31982190.
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Hansen, Jeremy J. "The development of an effective rapid intervention team within the fire service." Online version, 2003. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2003/2003hansenj.pdf.
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Lin, Han. "Computational study of smoke suppression by using water mist and sprinkler fire protection system in high rise building fire." Thesis, University of Macau, 2017. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3691674.
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Frost, Philip Edward. "Development of a Fire-induced Flashover Probability Index (FIFPI) for Eskom transmission lines." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4691.
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M.Sc.The need for a fire-induced flashover (power line arcing to the ground) probability index for Eskom transmission (high voltage power) lines became evident soon after the installation the Advanced Fire Information System (AFIS) in 2004. AFIS is a satellite based fire detection system that utilizes polar and geostationary satellite sensors to detect fires as small as 50 m x 50 m in size. As soon as a fire is detected by either, the Terra, and Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectro-radiometer (MODIS) or Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) geostationary satellites close to any of the 28 000 km of Eskom transmission lines, a cell phone and email text warning is sent out to line managers responsible for the management of the particular section of line affected. Between 3000 - 6000 fires are recorded annually close to Eskom transmission lines with a fire-induced flashover rate of 100 - 150 transmission line trips per year. Fire-induced flashovers occur when the air around high voltage transmission lines are ionised due to a hot flame (> 500° C). As the air becomes conductive, electricity can move from the line to the ground in the form of a lightning flash. Studies have shown that one flashover can cause an average of three voltage depressions (dips) on the electrical transmission system, and each voltage depression can cause damage to a customer’s production ranging between R5000 and R150000 per dip. The aim of this study was to develop a prediction model with the ability to accurately predict fire-induced flashover occurrences on Eskom transmission lines in order to reduce the large amount of false alarms (SMS and email messages) produced annually by AFIS. The prediction model in the form of a probability index was derived from a combination of remote sensing satellite products as well as weather forecast variables. With the MODIS active fire product as base layer, weather forecast variables in the form of air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and wind direction, as well as topographical elevation and a satellite derived vegetation condition product served as input to the predictor data set of the model, while flashover statistics for 2007 provided the target data set within a Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis. iii The prediction capabilities for each of the variables were evaluated based on their prediction accuracy and Receiver Operation Characteristic (ROC) value in terms of the validation data set. Wind speed, relative humidity, wind direction and air temperature were shown to have the highest predictor importance and were used to develop the probability index calculated from a logistic regression analysis. The Fire-induced Flashover Probability Index (FIFPI) was tested through simulations of predictor variables and was also compared to existing Fire Danger Indices (Willis et al. 2001). The FIFPI was able to outperform most of the standard Fire Danger Indices (FDI’s) with only the McArthur Grassland Index (MK 4) which demonstrated some prediction capability. The importance of wind direction as an environmental component in the prediction of flashovers became clear as it tended to decrease the misclassification rate from 4.45% when only wind speed, relative humidity and temperature were used to 3.87% when wind direction was added. The research has shown that wind speed, wind direction, relative humidity and temperature can be used as an indicator of possible fire-induced flashovers underneath Eskom transmission lines. However, additional research is needed to verify the results from 2007. Ideally at least 3 years of data should be used.