Relevant bibliographies by topics / First impression (Psychology)

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'First impression (Psychology)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 3 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "First impression (Psychology)"

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Wingate, Timothy G., and Joshua S. Bourdage. "Liar at First Sight?" Journal of Personnel Psychology 18, no. 4 (October 2019): 177–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1866-5888/a000232.

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Abstract. Research suggests that early impressions influence employment interview outcomes. A highly controlled experiment examined the effects of pre-interview qualifications information and early applicant impression management behavior on interviewers’ early impressions and, in turn, applicant outcomes. Mock interviewers ( N = 247) judged the same applicant with a poorer pre-interview qualification ranking to be a poorer performer, but also perceived the applicant to have faked (deceived) more, and considered the applicant less likeable, less competent, less dedicated, and more conceited. Early applicant impression management behavior did not consistently contribute to interviewers’ early impressions, or to perceptions and judgments. Overall, these findings suggest that early applicant information can affect interviewer cognitions and judgments through the formation of early impressions.
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Zebrowitz, Leslie A. "First Impressions From Faces." Current Directions in Psychological Science 26, no. 3 (June 2017): 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963721416683996.

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Although cultural wisdom warns us not to judge a book by its cover, we seem unable to inhibit this tendency even though it can lead to inaccurate impressions of people’s psychological traits and has significant social consequences. One explanation for this paradox is that first impressions from faces reflect overgeneralizations of adaptive impressions of categories of people with structurally similar faces (including babies, familiar or unfamiliar people, evolutionarily unfit people, and people expressing a variety of emotions). Research testing these overgeneralization hypotheses has elucidated why we form first impressions from faces, what impressions we form, and what cues influence these impressions. This article focuses on commonalities in impressions across diverse perceivers, with additional brief attention given to individual differences in impressions and impression accuracy.
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Florea, Liviu, Sorin Valcea, Maria Riaz Hamdani, and Thomas W. Dougherty. "From first impressions to selection decisions." Personnel Review 48, no. 1 (February 4, 2019): 249–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pr-11-2017-0345.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate how individual interviewers’ dispositional cognitive motivations may influence interview interactions and outcomes. More specifically, this study explores the influence of the need for cognition, need for cognitive closure, and accountability on the relationship between first impressions and selection decisions.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 41 graduate students were assigned the role of interviewers and were tasked to interview 331 undergraduate students at a large Midwestern university. The selection interview was designed to recruit qualified undergraduate students to the MBA program of the university.FindingsFirst impressions significantly influenced selection decisions, but did not influence interviewers’ behaviors. Moreover, multilevel analyses reveal that interviewers’ need for cognition and accountability moderate the relationship between first impression and selection decisions, albeit in different direction. Need for cognition strengthens, whereas accountability weakens the relationship between first impression and selection decision.Research limitations/implicationsA potential interviewer bias is apparent, where interviewers high on need for cognition tend to weight first impressions more in the decision process. However, this bias was not directly observable, since interviewers’ behaviors during the interview were not affected by first impressions.Originality/valueThe present study goes beyond previous research on first impressions in the employment interview, finding that dispositional differences account for the tendency to weigh first impressions in the selection decision.
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Lennon, Sharron J. "ADDITIVITY OF CLOTHING CUES IN FIRST IMPRESSIONS." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 14, no. 1 (January 1, 1986): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1986.14.1.15.

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The theory of information integration was used to predict that in first impression situations, clothing/physical appearance cues, like adjective trait descriptions, have differential importance depending upon the type of judgment elicited. One hundred four college aged females viewed and responded to slides of colored line drawings of female stimulus persons. Multiple regression was used to analyze the data. In accord with the theory, it was predicted and found that a linear compilation of people's impressions of the stimulus person with one of the clothing/physical appearance cues together with people's impressions of the stimulus person with another of the clothing/physical appearance cues in every case significantly predicted (p < .001) people's impressions of the stimulus person with the two cues combined. Significance of th e research and avenues for future research are explored.
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Roeckeletn, Jon E. "A Demonstration of Undergraduate Students' First Impressions and Their Ratings of Pathology." Psychological Reports 90, no. 2 (April 2002): 613–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2002.90.2.613.

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An interactive team exercise based in the dual topic areas of social and abnormal psychology is described that employs videotaped case studies to sensitize students to the processes by which they form first impressions of other people, and to various issues regarding assessments of mental disorders. Each of three case studies is presented in two parts: Part 1 simulates a “first impression” condition—involving students' ratings of perceived pathology—by briefly showing only a patient (no soundtrack present), and Part 2 constitutes a “further disclosure” condition by giving more exposure—involving therapists' diagnoses and assessments—of the same patient with both sight and soundtrack presented. Data are reported from 12 introductory psychology classes in which students ( N = 367) rated the three patients on psychopathology is perceived severity of disorder as compared to the actual assessments (also contained on the videotapes) made by clinical psychologists and psychiatrists. The demonstration is useful in eliciting consistent and predictable first impressions from students, in stimulating classroom discussion about the value and accuracy of person perceptions and first impressions, and in alerting students to problems related to the identification of mental disorders.
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Berrenberg, Joy L. "A Classroom Exercise in Impression Formation." Teaching of Psychology 14, no. 3 (October 1987): 169–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15328023top1403_10.

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This classroom exercise provides students with an opportunity to examine aspects of their own impression-formation processes. The data generated can be used to stimulate discussion about the origins of implicit personality theories, person prototypes, and the accuracy of first impressions.
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Rogers, Katherine H., Marina T. Le, Erin E. Buckels, Mikayla Kim, and Jeremy C. Biesanz. "Dispositional malevolence and impression formation: Dark Tetrad associations with accuracy and positivity in first impressions." Journal of Personality 86, no. 6 (March 26, 2018): 1050–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12374.

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Vartanian, Oshin, Keith Stewart, David R. Mandel, Nada Pavlovic, Lianne McLellan, and Paul J. Taylor. "Personality assessment and behavioral prediction at first impression." Personality and Individual Differences 52, no. 3 (February 2012): 250–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.05.024.

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Bernieri, Frank J., and Kristen N. Petty. "The influence of handshakes on first impression accuracy." Social Influence 6, no. 2 (April 2011): 78–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15534510.2011.566706.

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Kato, Daiki, and Mikie Suzuki. "Developing a Scale to Measure Total Impression Of Synthetic House-tree-person Drawings." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 44, no. 1 (February 18, 2016): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2016.44.1.19.

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We developed a scoring scale for the method of total impression of projective drawing. We focused especially on the Synthetic House-Tree-Person (S-HTP) projective drawing technique. First, we asked 7 clinical psychology graduate students to write down key words that they associated with total impressions of S-HTP drawings. Second, we selected 35 items based on these words and developed the Scale for Total Impression of Drawings (STID). Using the STID, 6 clinical psychologists rated 30 S-HTP pictures drawn by Japanese junior high school students. Finally, we selected 12 descriptive words as items and results of confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the STID was divided into 4 subscales we labeled as vitality, reality, themes, and gentleness. These converged with 2 higher factors of emotional stability and context consistency. Fit indexes of the model were sufficient.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "First impression (Psychology)"

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Wilson, Amber Joy. "First impressions through the constructs of impression management." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2746.

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The research on this study examines how first impressions are formed in the hotel setting. The study also looks at the social intelligence process through the constructs of self-monitoring and impression management.
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Jackson, Abigail. "Impression formation of tests: Retrospective judgments of performance are higher when easier questions come first." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1396603308.

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Daniels, Denise. "Repeated use of impression management tactics : do they lose their power of influence over time? /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8717.

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Ziegler, Kratz Nancy Ann. "First Impressions of Therapists: the Effect of Therapist Gender, Gaze, Smiling and Subject Gender." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1988. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332258/.

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Conceptualization psychotherapy as an interpersonal influence process emphasizes how a therapist is perceived by a client. Factors affecting a client's early impressions of a therapist could influence therapeutic interactions since first impressions are relatively stable. The study investigated effects of nonverbal behavior and gender during a simulated initial meeting between a therapist and client. Undergraduates (N = 466) viewed a male or female therapist interviewing with a new female client. Therapist gaze .(100%, 80%, 40%) and smiling (high, low) were manipulated. After subjects viewed one of 12 videotapes, they completed questionnaires rating therapist expertness, trustworthiness, attractiveness, masculinity and femininity. A comparison of the therapist with subjects' expectations of a therapist in general was obtained by pre- and post-testing utilizing a measure of client expectations. MANOVAs were performed on all ratings except expectation scores, where an ANCOVA was utilized. Main effects for therapist gender indicated the female therapist was rated as significantly more expert, attractive, trustworthy and feminine than the male (ps < .81). For ratings of masculinity, subject gender interacted with therapist gender (p < .001). Wain effects showed that high smiling was rated as more attractive and more feminine (ps < .01). Smiling and level of gaze interacted on ratings of trustworthiness, expertness and masculinity (ps < .04). The 100 per cent and 80 per cent gaze levels increased expertness, trustworthiness and masculinity ratings. Smiling affected expertness at the 80 per cent level, and trustworthiness and masculinity at the 40 per cent level. Analysis of the expectation scores resulted in a three-way interaction between subject gender, smiling and gaze (p < .02). The results suggested that female subjects expected more responsive therapist behavior. The results suggested that the ratings of the male and female therapist reflected both the use of sex stereotypes and the influence of the therapist role. Based on the nonverbal behavior manipulation, several recommendations for therapist behavior were suggested.
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Waroquier, Laurent. "Merits of first impressions and of conscious deliberation in complex decision making: a critique and reinterpretation of unconscious thought theory." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210217.

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Devrions-nous nous fier à notre inconscient pour l’achat de notre maison ou de notre prochaine voiture ?Dijksterhuis, Bos, Nordgren et van Baaren, (2006), répondent par l’affirmative à cette question. En effet, d’après ces chercheurs, effectuer une tâche de distraction, comme résoudre des anagrammes pendant quelques minutes, permettrait de « penser inconsciemment » et d’améliorer la qualité des décisions complexes. Avant de prendre une décision complexe, il faudrait donc s'abstenir de réfléchir à l'ensemble des avantages et inconvénients que présenterait chaque option. Etant donné les implications de ces résultats dans divers domaines tels que le management, la politique ou encore la justice, l’objet de cette thèse consistera à réexaminer et passer au crible la méthodologie des expériences relatives à la « théorie de la pensée inconsciente » (Diksterhuis & Nordgren, 2006). Les sept études menées suggèrent que l’apparente supériorité des décisions prises après une période de distraction n'est pas le fruit de la "pensée inconsciente" mais résulte en fait d'un effet néfaste de la

réflexion consciente pouvant survenir lorsqu’une première impression de bonne qualité a été formée au préalable. Les résultats indiquent également qu’en l’absence de première impression, la réflexion s’avère bénéfique. / Should we trust our unconscious when buying a house or a new car? That is exactly what Dijksterhuis, Bos, Nordgren and van Baaren, (2006) have been recommending. Indeed, according to these researchers, performing a distraction task such as solving anagrams would allow to think unconsciously and therefore enhance the quality of complex decisions. Before making a complex decision, we should thus avoid thinking consciously about the advantages and drawbacks of each alternative. Given the implications of these findings in various areas such as management, politics, or justice, this thesis will thoroughly reexamine the method of experiments relative to the unconscious thought theory (Diksterhuis & Nordgren, 2006). The seven experiments suggest that the apparent superiority of decisions made after distraction does not result from unconscious thought but rather from the fact that further conscious deliberation can deteriorate high quality first impressions. The results also suggest that thinking consciously enhances the quality of decisions in the absence of such prior first impressions.


Doctorat en Sciences Psychologiques et de l'éducation
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Tsankova, Elena [Verfasser], Arvid [Akademischer Betreuer] Kappas, Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Kühnen, Antony S. R. [Akademischer Betreuer] Manstead, and Tom [Akademischer Betreuer] Johnstone. "First Impressions of Trustworthiness: The Roles of the Impression Target, the Impression Holder, and the Physical Environment / Elena Tsankova. Betreuer: Arvid Kappas. Gutachter: Arvid Kappas ; Ulrich Kühnen ; Antony S. R. Manstead ; Tom Johnstone." Bremen : IRC-Library, Information Resource Center der Jacobs University Bremen, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1081255773/34.

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Keogh, Jade. "Interviewer biases: can first impressions be changed by displaying stereotypical or non-stereotypical behaviour?" Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/18293.

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In South Africa, where there are many recruitment and selection challenges due to scarce skills and education gaps that exist within the country, the employment interview process may contribute to maintaining racial and gender gaps if decision-making is discriminatory. The purpose of the research was to determine whether interviewers base decisions on stereotypical information, and whether interviewer first impressions can be influenced and changed when interviewees display stereotype congruent or incongruent behaviour in the employment interview. A total of 360 psychology students from the University of Cape Town participated in the study. Participants completed one of eight randomly assigned versions corresponding to eight experimental conditions, in which they rated a black male, black female, white male or white female face in terms of competence, likeability and trustworthiness. Participants rated the same face again after receiving additional information portraying the presented person as either assertive or nice. Results revealed that males and females seen as equally likeable and equally competent, although females are seen as more trustworthy than males. White and black individuals are seen as equally competent however; white females rate white individuals as more competent than black individuals. Black individuals are seen as more likeable than white individuals. White individuals rate white faces as more trustworthy than black faces, while black individuals tended to rate black and white faces as equally trustworthy. Competence and trustworthy ratings increased when individuals displayed assertive behaviour, regardless of candidate race or gender. Likeability ratings, however, were influenced by candidate race and gender, and were in line with assumptions about stereotypical behaviour. Results thus indicate that out-group biases still exist, and that being assertive, regardless of whether it is congruent with an individual's race or gender stereotype or not, increases perceptions of competence.
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Gheorghiu, A. I. "The face of research : do first impressions based on the facial appearance of scientists affect the selection and evaluation of science communication?" Thesis, University of Essex, 2017. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/20287/.

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First impressions based on facial appearance alone predict a large number of important social outcomes in areas of interest to the general public, such as politics, justice and economics. The current project aims to expand these findings to science communication, investigating both the impressions that the public forms of a scientist based on their facial appearance, and the impact that these impressions may have on the public’s selection and evaluation of the research conducted by the scientist in question. First, we investigated what social judgement traits predict looking like a “good scientist” (someone who does high-quality research) and an “interesting scientist” (someone whose research people show interest in). Three studies showed that looking competent and moral were positively related to both looking like a good scientist and to interest ratings, whereas looking physically attractive positively predicted being perceived as a scientist with higher interest ratings, but was negatively related to looking like a good scientist. Subsequently, we investigated whether these perceptions translated into real-life consequences. Three studies examined the impact of first impressions on the public’s choice of scientific communications, and found that people were more likely to choose real science news stories to read or watch when they were paired with scientists high on interest judgements. Another three studies looked at whether the appearance of the researcher influenced people’s evaluations of real science news stories . We found that people judged the research to be of higher quality when it was associated with “good” scientists. Our findings illustrate novel insights into the social psychology of science communication, and flag a potential source of bias in the dissemination of scientific findings to the general public, stemming solely from the facial appearance of the scientist.
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Ngo, Thi Khue Thu. "La notion de première impression dans la perception de nouveaux produits : une comparaison de méthodes de mesure." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN1G002.

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La notion de première impression est fréquemment utilisée dans la socio-psychologie mais elle n'a pas été fortement exploitée dans le marketing. Même si cette notion apparait souvent dans le monde du commerce, il n’est pas toujours facile de la mesurer. La comparaison de deux méthodes de mesure nous permet d’affirmer d’une part, que sur un nouveau produit, la première impression est formée dans les 10 premières secondes, et d’autre part, qu’elle apporte sur ce produit une perception minimale. Le processus d’expérimentation a été réalisé sur de nouvelles voitures en voie de commercialisation au Vietnam. Les résultats obtenus sont convergents et cette thèse montre bien les intérêts mais aussi les limites de concept psychologique
The concept of first impression is frequently used in social psychology, but it hasn’t been forcefully exploited in Marketing. Even though this notion appears daily in the business world, it is not always easily measured. The comparison of two methods allows us to affirm that the first impression of the new products is formed during the first 10 seconds and then, it provides us minimal perception of product. The process of the experiment was seriously carried out among new cars being commercialized in Vietnam. The results are convergent and this thesis shows not only the interests but also the limits of this psychological concept
Khái niệm về ấn tượng ban đầu thường xuyên được sử dụng trong tâm sinh lý xã hội nhưng vẫn chưa thật sự được khai thác mạnh mẽ trong Marketing. Ngay cả khi ấn tượng ban đầu xuất hiện hàng ngày trong thế giới thương mại, nhưng thật không dễ để đo lường được nó. Một sự so sánh về hai phương pháp đo lường cho phép chúng ta khẳng định rằng ấn tượng ban đầu về sản phẩm mới được hình thành ngay từ 10 giây đầu tiên và đã mang đến cho chúng ta một nhận thức tối thiểu về sản phẩm. Việc xây dựng tiến trình thực nghiệm đã được thực hiện một cách nghiêm túc trên những chiếc xe ô tô mới đang trên đường được thương mại hóa tại Việt Nam. Những kết quả đạt được là hội tụ và cuốn luận án cũng đã chỉ rõ những lợi ích cũng như giới hạn từ khái niệm tâm sinh lý này
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Strömmer, Alicia, and Oscar Norrman. "Perception och trovärdighet : Relationen mellan designval och trovärdighet på en webbsida." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-172242.

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I en värld där information delas på internet i en rasande takt har det blivit av allt större vikt att kunna avgöra om en webbsida är tillförlitlig eller inte. Vi gör ständigt bedömningar av webbsidor utifrån hur de ser ut, men vad är det som gör att vi väljer att lita på eller fördöma en webbsida efter bara några sekunder? Hur påverkar specifika designval upplevelsen av trovärdighet? Denna studie undersökte hur upplevelsen av trovärdighet påverkas av visuella egenskaper i en webbsidas grafiska design. Detta genom att utforma 12 versioner av en informativ webbsida, där egenskaperna kontrast, balans, grafik och text manipulerades. Varje egenskap manipulerades på tre olika sätt med hjälp av en parameter för vardera egenskap - färger för kontrast, placering av element för balans, mängd reklam för grafik och typsnitt för text. 21 deltagare blev presenterade för var och en av dessa 12 versioner under 10 sekunder. Deltagarnas uppgift var att bedöma hur trovärdig respektive version var på en skala från ett till nio. Resultatet visade att viss grad av kontrast, grafik och text påverkar upplevelsen av trovärdighet. Däremot hittades inget signifikant stöd för att varierande grad av balans påverkar upplevelsen av trovärdighet. Mer specifikt implicerar resultaten från denna studie att det är bättre att utforma en webbsida med för lite färger, för liten mängd reklam och ett för strikt typsnitt än tvärtom för att designa för trovärdighet.
In a world where information is spread rapidly on the Internet it is more important than ever to be able to determine if a website is trustworthy or not. We are constantly evaluating websites based on their appearance, but what makes us trust or condemn a website after only a few seconds? How do specific design choices affect the perception of trustworthiness? The present study investigated how the perception of trustworthiness on a website can be formed by visual properties in its graphical design. This was achieved by developing 12 versions of an informative website, where the properties contrast, balance, graphics and text were manipulated. Each property was manipulated in three different ways through one parameter  - color for contrast, position of elements for balance, amount of advertisement for graphics and typefaces for text. 21 participants were presented for each of the 12 versions during 10 seconds. Their task was to evaluate the trustworthiness of each version on a scale ranging from one to nine. The results showed that a certain degree of contrast, graphics and text have an impact on the perception of trustworthiness. Besides that, varying degrees of balance was not found to significantly affect the perception of trustworthiness. More specifically, the results suggest that it is preferable to design a website with few colors, a low amount of advertisement and a strict typeface rather than the opposite to design for trustworthiness.
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Books on the topic "First impression (Psychology)"

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Ambady, Nalini. First impressions. New York: Guilford Press, 2008.

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Joseph, Skowronski John, ed. First impressions. New York: Guilford Press, 2008.

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Pham, Vu H. Impressive first impressions: A guide to the most important 30 seconds (and 30 years) of your career. Santa Barbara, Calif: Praeger, 2010.

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Pham, Vu H. Impressive first impressions: A guide to the most important 30 seconds (and 30 years) of your career. Santa Barbara, Calif: Praeger, 2010.

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Pham, Vu H. Impressive first impressions: A guide to the most important 30 seconds (and 30 years) of your career. Santa Barbara, Calif: Praeger, 2010.

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Huber, Cheri. Pervoe vpechatlenie: I︠a︡zyk mimiki i zhestov. Moskva: AST, 2006.

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Swinger, Joe. Leave your nose ring at home: Get the job you want by creating a powerful first impression. Franklin Lakes, NJ: Career Press, 2006.

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Snap: Making the most of first impressions, body language, and charisma. Novato, Calif: New World Library, 2012.

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Delmas, Bernard. Paris la première fois: D'Alain-Fournier à Wagner. Paris: Editions Bonneton, 1999.

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Misner, Ivan R. 7 second marketing: How to use memory hooks to make you instantly stand out in a crowd. Austin, Tex: Bard Books, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "First impression (Psychology)"

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Zebrowitz, Leslie A., and Joann M. Montepare. "Faces and first impressions." In APA handbook of personality and social psychology, Volume 1: Attitudes and social cognition., 251–76. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/14341-008.

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Fugère, Madeleine A., Jennifer P. Leszczynski, and Alita J. Cousins. "Forming Attitudes toward Potential Partners: First Impressions of Physical Characteristics." In The Social Psychology of Attraction and Romantic Relationships, 3–23. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-32483-2_1.

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Fugère, Madeleine A., Jennifer P. Leszczynski, and Alita J. Cousins. "Forming Attitudes toward Potential Partners: First Impressions of Non-Physical Characteristics." In The Social Psychology of Attraction and Romantic Relationships, 24–39. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-32483-2_2.

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Fugère, Madeleine A., Jennifer P. Leszczynski, and Alita J. Cousins. "First Impressions of Non-Physical Characteristics: Levels of Acquaintance and the Importance of Meeting in Person." In The Social Psychology of Attraction and Romantic Relationships, 40–57. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-32483-2_3.

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Scholar, John. "Contexts (I)." In Henry James and the Art of Impressions, 59–94. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198853510.003.0003.

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Chapter 2 begins the book’s intellectual history of the impression from the seventeenth century to the twentieth (which continues in Chapter 3). These contexts come from two movements, empiricism and aestheticism. Chapter 2 explores empiricist contexts, arguing that James’s impression owes much to empiricist philosophy (John Locke, David Hume), and nineteenth-century empiricist psychology (James Mill, J. S. Mill, Franz Brentano, Ernst Mach, William James). By tracking the word ‘impression’, we can see that Locke and Hume’s stress on first-hand observation, and on thought as a kind of perception, are contexts for James’s conception of the imaginative but observant novelist, for the epistemological demands he makes on his readers, and for the way he represents his characters’ consciousnesses, especially in recognition scenes. Nineteenth-century empiricists’ divergence as to the agency of the subject in consciousness is reflected in James’s characters whose impressions by turns assault them from the exterior, or are partly fictions of their own making.
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Kervalishvili, Irakli. "Psychological Aspects of Negotiation With Terrorists." In Global Perspectives on the Psychology of Terrorism, 201–16. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5311-7.ch010.

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Negotiation can be defined as a type of interaction with a partner, which is aimed at solving a specific problem. There are two opposite negotiation strategies: “hard” and “soft.” The American researchers S. Sigel and L. Fureker were among the first authors of the “tough” strategy. They argued that a concession by one of the parties in the negotiation process would lead to a toughening of the other. In their opinion, for a successful outcome of negotiations, one should start with exaggerated demands and demonstrate intransigence. In contrast to them, Charles Osgood spoke out with a “soft” line of conduct in the negotiations, according to which the greatest benefit can be obtained only through mutual concessions. It should also be borne in mind that the first impression of the partner and his vision of the problem are very important, influencing the subsequent interaction. One of the types of stereotypes of behavior is prejudice. (Any information that contradicts the established views is ignored.)
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Singer, Elly. "The power of first impressions." In Child-Care and the Psychology of Development, 34–49. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315165813-4.

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Hawa, Salam. "Language as Freedom in Sartre’s Philosophy." In The Paideia Archive: Twentieth World Congress of Philosophy, 16–22. Philosophy Documentation Center, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/wcp20-paideia199821379.

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I argue that Sartre posits language as a medium of communication that is capable of safeguarding the development of subjectivity and freedom. Language does this in a twofold manner: on the one hand, it is an action that does not phenomenally alter being, but that has the capacity of altering consciousness; on the other hand, language, more particularly written text, is a mode of communication that is delayed, hence that occurs outside the present, i.e. in a different space and a deferred time. As such, it preserves the subjectivity of both writer and reader. The argument is as follows: first, I present Sartre’s definition of freedom and subjectivity in terms of his definition of consciousness of the For-itself and In-itself in Being and Nothingness; second, I draw on examples from La Nausée to illustrate the link between language, consciousness and the expression of freedom and subjectivity; third, I refer to The Psychology of Imagination and What is Literature? to illustrate further the importance that Sartre places on writing and reading as means to establish a lasting impression of personal freedom and subjectivity in a manner that defies space and time.
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Grosjean, François. "A new life in the United States." In A Journey in Languages and Cultures, 65–80. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198754947.003.0007.

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The author and his family left for the United States in July 1974 where he joined the Psychology Department at Northeastern University. He recounts his impressions during their first years there, both at work and in everyday life. The family’s first boy, Cyril, became the conduit to things American. A sojourn that was to last one year became a twelve year stay. The author headed the new Linguistics Program, taught, and did research. It is at MIT that the author developed the gating paradigm which he used to study spoken word recognition. During those years, he met and started doing research with James Gee.
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Conference papers on the topic "First impression (Psychology)"

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Kamada, Kouki, Anna Endo, Naoki Takahashi, Takashi Sakamoto, and Toshikazu Kato. "Analysis of How Impressions are Fixed After One Week of Listening to Music Using Subjective Evaluation and Brain Activity Measurement." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001763.

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In advertising and marketing, information is often repeatedly presented to consumers to increase their interest and sensitivity. This method is based on what is known in psychology as the ‘mere exposure effect’. In contrast, there is a growing interest in "neuromarketing," the application of brain science ideas to marketing, and the relationship between various psychological effects and brain activity in marketing. Brain measurements have also been used to study the mere exposure effect.However, although there have been various neuroscientific studies and verifications of the mere exposure effect, there have been few experiments that involve multiple exposure to stimuli across days. Therefore, we measured brain activity to investigate the effect of stimulus presentation across multiple days on impressions.In this study, we conducted an experiment in which subjects listened to music every day for a week. On the first day, when the subjects listened to the music for the first time, we conducted subjective evaluations of liking and brain function measurements. The next day, they listened to the music once every day, at home, for five days. On the last day, six days after the first day, we conducted the same subjective evaluation and brain function measurements as on the first day. To create music stimuli that the subjects had never perceived before, an automatic music creation tool was used.During brain activity measurement using optical topography, we focused on the change in the impression of likeability. In optical topography, the change in the concentration of Oxy-Hb in the brain blood flow was measured as a time-series data volume based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). In the human brain, the amount of Oxy-Hb in specific activity areas increases with time. By measuring the increase and decrease in Oxy-Hb, we can understand how the subject responds to stimuli.We experimented with 10 healthy right-handed undergraduate and graduate students in their 20s (8 men and 2 women, average age 22.6 years) who provided informed consent, following the rules of the Ethics Committee of Chuo University.Consequently, the verification of impression evaluation, which is a subjective evaluation, showed that the impression evaluation increased significantly from the first day to the last day. At this point, it can be said that the mere exposure effect occurred through repeated listening. An analysis of the brain blood flow data showed that the prefrontal cortex became more active during the processing of negative impressions. In particular, the activity of the DLPFC may be deeply involved in the judgment of impressions. Although this was considered a hypothetical event in the previous study, it was clarified in this study without contradicting the data. The results also suggest a new possibility that the brain activity of first impressions can be used to estimate how impressions change in the future. These results may be useful in the field of neuromarketing for predicting long-term advertising effects.
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Li, Guanghui, Yu Gong, Gang Bai, Yunhuan Qu, and Xiaoding Li. "Research on the Public Radiation Cognition Based on Social Psychology." In 2022 29th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone29-93796.

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Abstract Radiation has the characteristics of being silent, colorless, odorless, invisible, and intangible. The public is deeply fearful and worried about radiation. Radiation has become “to mention the wolf’s name is to see the name”. Carrying out radiation science popularization is an effective way to crack the public’s fear. Research on public cognition of radiation is the basis of science popularization. Social psychology is a branch of psychology that studies public behavior dominated by psychology. Using social psychology can effectively analyze the psychology of public radiation cognition and improve the pertinence and effectiveness of science popularization. This paper investigates the current situation of public radiation cognition, and analyzes the existing problems of radiation cognition from the perspective of social psychology. It mainly includes that the public’s first impression of radiation is wrong, the public’s cognition of radiation is one-sided, ignoring the public’s needs, underestimating the public’s sense of resistance to radiation, underestimating the influence of wrong information, etc. In view of the above problems, this paper puts forward the methods to strengthen the pertinence and effectiveness of radiation cognition from the aspects of enhancing the effect of persuasion, paying attention to public needs, early public participation in radiation activities and reducing the impact of wrong information, so as to provide reference for radiation science popularization.
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Reports on the topic "First impression (Psychology)"

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Yatsymirska, Mariya. MODERN MEDIA TEXT: POLITICAL NARRATIVES, MEANINGS AND SENSES, EMOTIONAL MARKERS. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2022.51.11411.

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The article examines modern media texts in the field of political journalism; the role of information narratives and emotional markers in media doctrine is clarified; verbal expression of rational meanings in the articles of famous Ukrainian analysts is shown. Popular theories of emotions in the process of cognition are considered, their relationship with the author’s personality, reader psychology and gonzo journalism is shown. Since the media text, in contrast to the text, is a product of social communication, the main narrative is information with the intention of influencing public opinion. Media text implies the presence of the author as a creator of meanings. In addition, media texts have universal features: word, sound, visuality (stills, photos, videos). They are traditionally divided into radio, TV, newspaper and Internet texts. The concepts of multimedia and hypertext are related to online texts. Web combinations, especially in political journalism, have intensified the interactive branching of nonlinear texts that cannot be published in traditional media. The Internet as a medium has created the conditions for the exchange of ideas in the most emotional way. Hence Gonzo’s interest in journalism, which expresses impressions of certain events in words and epithets, regardless of their stylistic affiliation. There are many such examples on social media in connection with the events surrounding the Wagnerians, the Poroshenko case, Russia’s new aggression against Ukraine, and others. Thus, the study of new features of media text in the context of modern political narratives and emotional markers is important in media research. The article focuses review of etymology, origin and features of using lexemes “cмисл (meaning)” and “сенс (sense)” in linguistic practice of Ukrainians results in the development of meanings and functional stylistic coloring in the usage of these units. Lexemes “cмисл (meaning)” and “сенс (sense)” are used as synonyms, but there are specific fields of meanings where they cannot be interchanged: lexeme “сенс (sense)” should be used when it comes to reasonable grounds for something, lexeme “cмисл (meaning)” should be used when it comes to notion, concept, understanding. Modern political texts are most prominent in genres such as interviews with politicians, political commentaries, analytical articles by media experts and journalists, political reviews, political portraits, political talk shows, and conversations about recent events, accompanied by effective emotional narratives. Etymologically, the concept of “narrative” is associated with the Latin adjective “gnarus” – expert. Speakers, philosophers, and literary critics considered narrative an “example of the human mind.” In modern media texts it is not only “story”, “explanation”, “message techniques”, “chronological reproduction of events”, but first of all the semantic load and what subjective meanings the author voices; it is a process of logical presentation of arguments (narration). The highly professional narrator uses narration as a “method of organizing discourse” around facts and impressions, impresses with his political erudition, extraordinary intelligence and creativity. Some of the above theses are reflected in the following illustrations from the Ukrainian media: “Culture outside politics” – a pro-Russian narrative…” (MP Gabibullayeva); “The next will be Russia – in the post-Soviet space is the Arab Spring…” (journalist Vitaly Portnikov); “In Russia, only the collapse of Ukraine will be perceived as success” (Pavel Klimkin); “Our army is fighting, hiding from the leadership” (Yuri Butusov).
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Yatsymirska, Mariya. SOCIAL EXPRESSION IN MULTIMEDIA TEXTS. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11072.

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The article investigates functional techniques of extralinguistic expression in multimedia texts; the effectiveness of figurative expressions as a reaction to modern events in Ukraine and their influence on the formation of public opinion is shown. Publications of journalists, broadcasts of media resonators, experts, public figures, politicians, readers are analyzed. The language of the media plays a key role in shaping the worldview of the young political elite in the first place. The essence of each statement is a focused thought that reacts to events in the world or in one’s own country. The most popular platform for mass information and social interaction is, first of all, network journalism, which is characterized by mobility and unlimited time and space. Authors have complete freedom to express their views in direct language, including their own word formation. Phonetic, lexical, phraseological and stylistic means of speech create expression of the text. A figurative word, a good aphorism or proverb, a paraphrased expression, etc. enhance the effectiveness of a multimedia text. This is especially important for headlines that simultaneously inform and influence the views of millions of readers. Given the wide range of issues raised by the Internet as a medium, research in this area is interdisciplinary. The science of information, combining language and social communication, is at the forefront of global interactions. The Internet is an effective source of knowledge and a forum for free thought. Nonlinear texts (hypertexts) – «branching texts or texts that perform actions on request», multimedia texts change the principles of information collection, storage and dissemination, involving billions of readers in the discussion of global issues. Mastering the word is not an easy task if the author of the publication is not well-read, is not deep in the topic, does not know the psychology of the audience for which he writes. Therefore, the study of media broadcasting is an important component of the professional training of future journalists. The functions of the language of the media require the authors to make the right statements and convincing arguments in the text. Journalism education is not only knowledge of imperative and dispositive norms, but also apodictic ones. In practice, this means that there are rules in media creativity that are based on logical necessity. Apodicticity is the first sign of impressive language on the platform of print or electronic media. Social expression is a combination of creative abilities and linguistic competencies that a journalist realizes in his activity. Creative self-expression is realized in a set of many important factors in the media: the choice of topic, convincing arguments, logical presentation of ideas and deep philological education. Linguistic art, in contrast to painting, music, sculpture, accumulates all visual, auditory, tactile and empathic sensations in a universal sign – the word. The choice of the word for the reproduction of sensory and semantic meanings, its competent use in the appropriate context distinguishes the journalist-intellectual from other participants in forums, round tables, analytical or entertainment programs. Expressive speech in the media is a product of the intellect (ability to think) of all those who write on socio-political or economic topics. In the same plane with him – intelligence (awareness, prudence), the first sign of which (according to Ivan Ogienko) is a good knowledge of the language. Intellectual language is an important means of organizing a journalistic text. It, on the one hand, logically conveys the author’s thoughts, and on the other – encourages the reader to reflect and comprehend what is read. The richness of language is accumulated through continuous self-education and interesting communication. Studies of social expression as an important factor influencing the formation of public consciousness should open up new facets of rational and emotional media broadcasting; to trace physical and psychological reactions to communicative mimicry in the media. Speech mimicry as one of the methods of disguise is increasingly becoming a dangerous factor in manipulating the media. Mimicry is an unprincipled adaptation to the surrounding social conditions; one of the most famous examples of an animal characterized by mimicry (change of protective color and shape) is a chameleon. In a figurative sense, chameleons are called adaptive journalists. Observations show that mimicry in politics is to some extent a kind of game that, like every game, is always conditional and artificial.
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