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Journal articles on the topic 'First Word War (WWI)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Michailidis, Iakovos. "A ten years’ war aspects of the Greek historiography on the First World War." Balcanica, no. 49 (2018): 171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/balc1849171m.

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This article tries to provide an evaluation of the Greek historiography on the First World War (WWI) and to illustrate its various research stages and trends. It is argued that the Greek historiography mainly approaches WWI and Greece?s involvement not as an international, but as a domestic phenomenon. Greek involvement in WWI has been looked at through the lens of the Asia Minor Catastrophe in 1922, an episode of the ten-year war of the Greek army starting with the triumphant Balkan Wars and ending with the defeat in the Asia Minor Campaign in 1922.

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Ilott, Ruth. "Dental surgical collections from the First World War." Faculty Dental Journal 15, no. 2 (2024): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/rcsfdj.2024.15.

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Klapchuk, Volodymyr, Ihor Makaruk, and Mykhailo Klapchuk. "Railways of Galicia before the First World War." Echa Przeszłości, no. XXII/1 (May 9, 2021): 105–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/ep.6711.

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The Galician rail network in Austria and Austria-Hungary was built before the outbreak of World War I. The first railway construction projects were developed in the 1830s. The construction of the first rail tracks began in the late 1840s. The first railway connecting Western and Eastern Galicia was put into operation in 1861. Before WWI, the Galician rail network spanned a total length of more than 4,000 km. The construction of local wide and narrow gauge railways began in the same period. The railway construction process, transport capacity and the railway infrastructure in Galicia have never

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4

Gomes, Marleide da Mota. "French school and World War First: neurological consequences of a frightening time." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 73, no. 5 (2015): 463–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20150031.

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Some aspects of a dark period in the history of the modern neurology, that of the World War I (WWI), are here remembered, mainly by the neurological French School participation . Some personalities and their works related to the WWI are presented such as Joseph Babinski, Jules Froment, Clovis Vincent, Jules Joseph Dejerine, Augusta Déjérine-Klumpke, Jules Tinel, Pierre Marie, Achille Alexandre Souques, Charles Foix, and Georges Guillain.

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Chen, Ling-chieh. "Censorship and the Postal Service in China during World War One." British Journal of Chinese Studies 13, no. 1 (2023): 41–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.51661/bjocs.v13i1.150.

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This paper focuses on the first state-organised nationwide postal censorship in China during World War I (WWI). The war had far-reaching effects on China, both in terms of the subsequent development of the internal political situation and her international relations. Although scholars share a meaningful view of China’s ‘internationalisation’ during and after WWI, the immediate impact on China is rarely discussed. One area where the war did have a significant effect was Sino-European postal communication, as this was probably the first time that mail was subjected to censorship in China. This r

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Amini, Babak, and Thomas Kemple. "Introduction: Social theorists and the First World War." Journal of Classical Sociology 24, no. 4 (2024): 307–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468795x241288092.

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This Special Issue examines the ways in which emerging or established social theorists from Continental Europe and the United States were personally and politically involved in and affected by the First the First World War (WWI), and considers how the war shaped their sociological theories. WWI was a pivotal moment that transformed global and historical systems in ways that challenged conventional social scientific assumptions about the supposed shift from “traditional” to “modern” societies and compelled sociologists to reconsider the impact of industry and military affairs on everyday life.

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Bar-Yosef, Eitan. "Theatre, Masculinity, and Class in the First World War: Vivian Gilbert Performs the Last Crusade." TDR/The Drama Review 58, no. 2 (2014): 51–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/dram_a_00346.

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Having fought in Palestine in WWI, the British actor Vivian Gilbert went on to narrate his wartime experiences—first in a series of lectures, then in a best-selling book. Rooted in his thespian career, Gilbert's self-fashioning as an officer/crusader builds on an array of performances—on and off the stage—which reflect gender and class anxieties, typical of WWI British culture.

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Cortesi, Luca. "Russian First World War Propaganda Literature through Its Anthologies. Some Observations on Russian Soldier-Literature and Journalistic Reporting." Literature 1, no. 2 (2021): 58–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/literature1020008.

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In the Soviet era, Russian involvement in WWI long represented an ostracised and even forgotten event. This very attitude is reflected by Soviet literary criticism of WWI war literature. Taking into account both the studies which re-examined this part of Russian literature in a less ideologically biased manner and the stances that major writers of that period took towards the war, the aim of this paper is to investigate Russian Soldier-literature as presented in anthologies published in the wake of the First World War. The publishing of short stories, journalistic reporting and poems actually

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Wilson, Nick, Jennifer Summers, Christine Clement, and George Thomson. "Health impacts of war: case studies of New Zealand veterans of the First World War." New Zealand Medical Journal 137, no. 1594 (2024): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.26635/6965.6514.

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aim: Armed conflict remains a tragic feature of the modern world and so it is necessary to continue to study its health impacts. Even the study of historical conflicts is relevant given that certain health impacts are common to most wars e.g., post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). methods: This study built on a previous quantitative analysis of a randomly selected group of 200 New Zealand veterans from the First World War (WWI). From this sample we selected 10 cases that illustrated particular themes around morbidity impacts. results: The theme of severity of impacts was illustrated with a ca

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Benbow, Heather, and Andreas Dorrer. "‘KULTURKRIEG’ BEHIND BARBED WIRE: GERMAN THEATRE IN AN AUSTRALIAN FIRST‐WORLD‐WAR INTERNMENT CAMP." German Life and Letters 77, no. 2 (2024): 195–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/glal.12407.

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ABSTRACTThis article is the first in‐depth study of the ‘Deutsches Theater Liverpool’, probably the most successful non‐English theatre ever on Australian soil, selling out daily performances and mounting a new production each week. The theatre's success was due in large part to its location inside the ‘German Concentration Camp’, the largest First World War (WWI) internment camp in Australia. In contrast to most WWI internment camps around the world, its almost six thousand ‘enemy alien’ internees were a mixture of civilians – most of whom called Australia home before the war – merchant sailo

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Burns, Tom, and Marcela de Oliveira e. Silva Lemos. "Revisiting World War I in contemporaneity: The Myth of the War and the game Battlefield 1." Aletria: Revista de Estudos de Literatura 29, no. 2 (2019): 13–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/2317-2096.29.2.13-28.

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What is left of World War I a hundred years after the Armistice? Besides monuments and national holidays, texts are, in their various forms, among the remains of WWI. Together, they write what Samuel Hynes calls “the Myth of the War,” a narrative of signification that gradually became what and how we know about the war. A look at the relationship contemporary recreations of WWI establish with this myth is important to understand our sense of historical consciousness and collective memory. In this article, we propose a study of the single-player campaign mode of the video game Battlefield 1 (20

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12

Adir, Victor, Nicoleta Elisabeta Pascu, and George Adir. "A study about the advertisements and pictorial posters of WWI and WWII." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 8, no. 1 (2021): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v7i4.5773.

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In this paper, we have tried to evoke the propaganda episode in the First and the Second World Wars (WWI and WWII). It is a small part of our study including only research about images, characters, messages and words (title and text) used to create a mobilising movement of the people during these wars. The purpose was to select elements from the advertisements and pictorial posters and to comment upon the impact of the graphic messages included. During our work, we have identified many interesting things which had the target to mobilise one person against another using graphics and words with

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Adir, Victor, Nicoleta Elisabeta Pascu, and George Adir. "A study about the advertisements and pictorial posters of WWI and WWII." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 8, no. 1 (2021): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v8i1.5773.

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In this paper, we have tried to evoke the propaganda episode in the First and the Second World Wars (WWI and WWII). It is a small part of our study including only research about images, characters, messages and words (title and text) used to create a mobilising movement of the people during these wars. The purpose was to select elements from the advertisements and pictorial posters and to comment upon the impact of the graphic messages included. During our work, we have identified many interesting things which had the target to mobilise one person against another using graphics and words with

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14

Chogovadze, Lela. "FIRST WORLD WAR ISSUE IN GEORGIAN LITERATURE." European Journal of Learning on History and Social Sciences 1, no. 10 (2024): 12–15. https://doi.org/10.61796/ejlhss.v1i10.977.

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General Background: The First World War (1914–1918) significantly reshaped global political landscapes, dismantling monarchies and empires and giving rise to new states, including Georgia's First Democratic Republic. Specific Background: During this period, Georgian poets, notably Titian Tabidze, expressed strong patriotic sentiments, seeing hope in war as a means to revive Georgia. His essay, War Theme in Georgian Writing (1915), reflects the belief that war, while destructive, could defeat evil and death, and lead to national rebirth. Knowledge Gap: There is limited scholarly analysis on how

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Hamid, Lateef Wisam. "The Impact of World War I on Middle East “Arabs” in Awwad’s “Al-Raghif”: A Cultural Perspective." Romanian Journal of English Studies 14, no. 1 (2017): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rjes-2017-0005.

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Abstract My paper will explore the genre of war narrative from a cultural perspective, namely the impact of the Great War on Arabs in the novel Al-Raghif (The Loaf’) in 1939 by the Lebanese novelist Tawfiq Yusuf Awwad, as it is the first Arabic novel which is totally concerned with WWI and its longlasting consequences: hunger, despair and the elusive promise of freedom to Arabs.

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Cockburn, Sylvia, and Alethea Beetson. "(Re)Presenting Indigenous Histories of the First World War: Case Studies for Museums." Memoirs of the Queensland Museum - Culture 11 (2020): 93–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.17082/j.2205-3239.11.1.2020.2020-07.

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Over 1000 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander soldiers fought in WW1, at a time when they had few rights on home soil. While on active duty many of these soldiers received the same conditions and respect as their non-Indigenous counterparts. Yet when they returned it was back to a life of discrimination, and their stories were silenced. In the decades after the war, Indigenous voices were rarely present in the memorialising of the ANZAC legend. For museums trying to commemorate the centenary of WWI the absence of tangible collections relating to Indigenous soldiers presents a challenge. How

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Huet, Hélène. "The World War I Diary of Albert Huet." SOURCE: The Magazine of the University of Florida George A. Smathers Libraries 3, no. 1 (2020): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/sourceuf.v3i1.119947.

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This article focuses on my digital project, “The World War I Diary of Albert Huet.” First I provide an introduction about the project, including a short biography of Albert Huet, my great-grandfather, and explain how the project came to be, notably focusing on the help from the George A. Smathers Libraries digital services in digitizing the documents and making available online in UFDC. Then, I discuss what Albert’s diary can teach us about the French soldiers’ experience during WWI. Albert just like so many other men, grew up in the countryside, with a very limited education, and found himsel

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Rousselot, Elodie. "Shell Shock and the Legacy of the Victorian Past in the Present: Remembering WWI in Pat Barker’s Another World." Humanities 9, no. 1 (2020): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h9010026.

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In her 1998 novel Another World, Pat Barker draws from a topic on which she has written previously with great success—the First World War and the experiences of its combatants—and yet approaches that topic from a completely different perspective. The novel returns to the Great War to consider notions of ‘shell shock’, attitudes towards WWI veterans, and the problems surrounding remembering past violence, but what is perhaps surprising about Another World is that it uses a Victorian storyline to address these concerns, and presents the First World War through the means of references to nineteen

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ALESSIO, FORNASIN. "Corrado Gini's contribution to estimates of Italian military deaths in the First World War." Genus 71, no. 2-3 (2018): 73–79. https://doi.org/10.4402/genus-668.

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In 1926, Corrado Gini published a study which estimated the number of Italian military deaths during WWI. In the same year, the Ministry of War initiated the compilation of the <em>Albo d’oro</em> (Roll of Honour), an ambitious project which aimed to determine the number and record the names of all the military personnel killed during the conflict, and which was not completed until 1964. Referring to Gini’s work, this paper examines the different estimates of Italian military deaths in light of information contained in the <em>Albo d’oro</em>.

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DEAC, Eliza. "THREE WOMEN ON THREE FRONTS: THE FEMININE EXPERIENCE OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR AS REFLECTED IN WAR JOURNALS AND LETTERS." Territorial Identity and Development 7, no. 2 (2023): 57–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.23740/tid220223.

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The aim of this article is to provide a close reading of two illustrative texts for the feminine version of the war diary during WWI in the Romanian territory, namely Yvonne Blondel’s War Journal: 1916-1917 and Queen Marie’s unabridged version of the diary she kept between 1916 and 1918. The contrastive element is represented by Sextil Pușcariu’s Memoirs, which are relevant from a threefold perspective: gender, geography, and the representation of the feminine figure. The article will focus on six feminine roles: the nurse, the patriot, the diplomat, the wife, the mother, and the writer.

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Amini, Babak. "Gramsci’s dissidence beneath and beyond the First World War." Journal of Classical Sociology 24, no. 4 (2024): 471–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468795x241280953.

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One of the leading Marxist theorists of the 20th century and a founding member and leader of the Italian Communist Party, Antonio Gramsci began his intellectual and political journey essentially at the outbreak of WWI and left a massive body of journalistic work by the end of the war. Despite their scope and significance, his wartime writings remain understudied relative to the Prison Notebooks and other post-wartime writings, particularly in the English language literature. This article outlines some of the central themes that he explored in this period. It provides a synoptic depiction of Gr

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Bakharev, Dmitry S., and Elizaveta A. Zabolotnykh. "Before the First World War: Reconstruction of the Yekaterinburg City Population in 1913." RUDN Journal of Russian History 19, no. 4 (2020): 889–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8674-2020-19-4-889-904.

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The article focuses on the Yekaterinburg city (Urals, Russia) population on the eve of the First World War. We argue that 1897 Census data, which remains the main source for estimating the late Imperial Russias urban population, are not relevant for the early 20th century Yekaterinburg. The results of population surveys of 1917-1922 largely affected by the socio-political crisis do not reflect the actual development of the city before entering the First World War. So the numbers of 50-70 thousands traditionally used to estimate Yekaterinburgs population on the eve of the WWI is a historiograph

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Kolomyyets, Olha. "„ПАМ’ЯТЬ СВІТУ”: ЗАПИСИ ПРУССЬКОЇ ФОНОГРАФІЧНОЇ КОМІСІЇ ВІД ВІЙСЬКОВОПОЛОНЕНИХ УКРАЇНЦІВ У НІМЕЦЬКИХ ТАБОРАХ ПЕРШОЇ СВІТОВОЇ ВІЙНИ З ФОНДІВ БЕРЛІНСЬКОГО ФОНОГРАМАРХІВУ (ФАКТОГРАФІЧНІ АСПЕКТИ)". Ethnomusic 19, № 1 (2023): 112–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33398/2523-4846-2023-19-1-112-142.

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The article highlights for the first time the material connected to the sound recordings of Ukrainians from WWI Prisoner-of War Camps in Germany, that were made during 1915-1918 years by the members of the Prussian Phonographic Commission which included Carl Stumpf (the head of the Commission), Georg Schünemann, Wilhelm Doegen among others. This article is a result of the author’s personal research conducted at the Berlin Phonogram Archive and explores the factographic documents that include the data about the sound recordings themselves, the history and process of the creation of the document

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Marsili, Marco Manuel. "Propaganda and International Relations: An Outlook in Wartime." ArtCiencia.com, no. 19 (May 5, 2015): 1–26. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.34593.

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The aim of this essay is to highlight the role of propaganda during the conflicts in the contemporary age, particularly during the two World Wars. The propaganda developed during two major conflicts of the ‘900 as a true ‘weapon’ and instrument of government policy in international relations, has perfected the techniques of ‘news management’, and today is a real and relished ‘art’ applied to guide public opinion in favor of government decisions.

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Galway, Elizabeth A. "To Catch a Spy: Children, Espionage, and the Blurring of Boundaries in First World War Children’s Literature." International Research in Children's Literature 17, no. 3 (2024): 350–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ircl.2024.0584.

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Throughout WWI, representations of children participating in the war effort blurred the lines between play and work, childhood and adulthood, and reality and imagination. This is particularly evident within the spy genre, which alternately celebrates and critiques the child spy/spy-catcher. Some spy stories celebrate children’s service to the nation, while others critique wartime propaganda and the figure of the child hero. The spy genre’s representations of young people and the foe they confront reveal varied understandings of childhood, adulthood, national identity, and children’s wartime re

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Sadowski, Mirosław Michał. "Reimagining Spaces in Central and Eastern Europe or Memory Roulette: Legal, Political and Social Aspects." Review of Central and East European Law 49, no. 2-4 (2024): 217–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15730352-bja10103.

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Abstract If one was to look for a single word to describe the historical experiences of Central and Eastern Europe (cee), roulette comes immediately to mind. Be that the fall of great empires of the region following World War i (wwi), the tragedy of World War ii (wwii), the Iron Curtain separating cee from the rest of the world, the fall of communism, the more recent illiberal ‘reckoning’ or the Russo-Ukrainian war, the region’s history is characterised by unpredictibility. Importantly, these moments of ground-breaking change affect not only the political sphere – although the regime shifts an

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Biernoff, Suzannah. "Medical Archives and Digital Culture: From WWI to BioShock." Medical History 55, no. 3 (2011): 325–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025727300005342.

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Over the last few years my research has focused on representations of the injured body and face in First World War Britain. Some of the most intriguing cases are those in which art and medicine seem to converge or redefine each other, as in Henry Tonks' delicate pastel portraits of British servicemen with severe facial injuries, and the equally exquisite – and unsettling – prosthetic masks made by the sculptor Francis Derwent Wood for some of these patients to conceal their disfigurement when surgical reconstruction was impossible. In both of these examples, art could be said to ameliorate – a

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Bond, Niall. "Tönnies on the tension between community and society during the First World War." Journal of Classical Sociology 24, no. 4 (2024): 375–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468795x241281832.

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Ferdinand Tönnies’ main legacy in social theory, the community-society dichotomy developed in his work Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft (Community and Society, GuG) of 1887, showed its potential for grasping but also for creating social reality during the First World War (WWI), a conflagration welcomed by some of the most prominent intellectuals throughout Europe. One the most important terms for mobilising support for the war effort in Germany was Gemeinschaft (community), which Tönnies had opposed to (capitalist, modern, western) Gesellschaft (society). Many German intellectuals came to defend

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Deahl, Martin P. "Military psychiatry – 100 words." British Journal of Psychiatry 203, no. 2 (2013): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.112.108589.

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Few have first-hand experience of military psychiatry. Military psychiatry, however, has had a substantial impact on us: WWI and ‘shell shock‘, the ‘Northfield experiments’ of WWII, engendering a sense of therapeutic optimism, helping fuel the ‘care in the community’ movement and development of modern psychotherapy. PTSD and ‘Gulf War’ illnesses have stimulated critical reappraisal of psychiatric diagnosis, nosology, Cartesian dualism and hysteria. Servicemen and veterans have served and suffered in our name. We, in turn, have a duty to respect their sacrifice and this intellectual legacy by b

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Tomasevic, Jasmina. "Movies about the First World War: Shaping the collective memory. Cases of Serbian/Yugoslav and Greek cinematography." Balcanica, no. 53 (2022): 95–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/balc2253095t.

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The First World War brought radical changes to the political map of Europe and took more than 15 million lives on both warring sides. This conflict of unprecedented proportions has left deep traces on the lives of people who found themselves in a whirlwind of war. Therefore, it is no wonder that the theme of war was present in various types of human creativity - through literature (especially autobiographical genres), art, but also popular culture, where movies rightly took centre stage. Even during the period 1914-1918, the film became the main weapon of propaganda. Through this instrument, t

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Lemonidou, Elli. "Heritage and memory of the First World War in Greece during the interwar period a historical perspective." Balcanica, no. 49 (2018): 221–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/balc1849221l.

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The memory of the First World War in Greece has suffered throughout the years a gradual decline, which is comparable to the case of many other countries, mostly in areas of Eastern and Southeastern Europe. The Great War mattered somehow for politicians, the press and public opinion in Greece only in the interwar years. During that period, discourse about the First World War included the echo of traumatic events related to Greek involvement in the war(such as the surrender of Fort Roupel to Central Powers forces and the bloody clashes of December 1916 in Athens after the landing of Entente troo

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Majer-Bobetko, Sanja. "Between music and ideologies: Croatian music criticism from the beginning to World War II." Muzyka 63, no. 4 (2018): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.36744/m.344.

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As the Croatian lands were exposed to often aggressive Austrian, Hungarian, and Italian politics until WWI and in some regions even later, so Croatian music criticism was written in the Croatian, German and Italian languages. To the best of our knowledge, the history of Croatian music criticism began in 1826 in the literary and entertainment journal Luna, and was written by an anonymous author in the German language.A forum for Croatian language music criticism was opened in Novine Horvatzke, i.e. in its literary supplement Danica horvatska, slavonska i dalmatinska in 1835, which officially st

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Monteyne, Kimberley. "Idealized Bodies and the Visual Turn after the First World War: American Children's Public Health Campaigns." Cultural History 11, no. 1 (2022): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/cult.2022.0252.

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As children's public health education in the United States became significantly invested in visual instruction and pleasurable learning experiences following World War I, these methods sought to redefine healthy bodies through a twofold approach: appeals to the burgeoning film industry and idealized celebrity bodies, and a wide-reaching program of statistical measurement initiatives. In this process the child's body was reimagined through the trope of the movie star – an immaterial and depthless projection immune from the physical effects of war – and also abstracted via mass statistical measu

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Naumkin, Vitaliy. "Western Arabia, Soviet Russia and Hijaz in the Aftermath of World War I." Vostok. Afro-aziatskie obshchestva: istoriia i sovremennost, no. 1 (2025): 208. https://doi.org/10.31696/s086919080033585-0.

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This article is one of a series of articles earlier published or being published in various Russian science journals highlighting the history of relationships between Russia/the Soviet Union and some states in the Arabian Peninsula, primarily Saudi Arabia, the efforts of Soviet diplomats to foster such relationships after WWI and thwart the attempts of Western powers, particularly the UK, and their satellites to prevent the Soviet state from gaining a foothold in the subregion. The article also looks at the prewar period in the history of Western and Central Arabia, including the role played b

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Gachelin, Gabriel, and Annick Opinel. "Malaria epidemics in Europe after the First World War: the early stages of an international approach to the control of the disease." História, Ciências, Saúde-Manguinhos 18, no. 2 (2011): 431–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-59702011000200009.

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The severity and endemicity of malaria declined gradually in Europe until WWI. During and after the war, the number of malaria cases increased substantially and peaked in 1922-1924. This prompted the Hygiene Commission of the League of Nations to establish a Malaria Commission in 1923 to define the most efficient anti-malaria procedures. Additionally, between 1924 and 1930 there were several international meetings and collaborations concerning malaria, which involved the main institutes of parasitology and the Rockefeller Foundation. The Commission reports, the guidelines for anti-malaria camp

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Njung, George N. "Amputated Men, Colonial Bureaucracy, and Masculinity in Post–World War I Colonial Nigeria." Journal of Social History 53, no. 3 (2020): 620–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jsh/shz123.

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Abstract Since the 1980s, several aspects of masculinity in relation to the First World War, including the image of the citizen-soldier, have been well studied. Other aspects, however, such as the experience of combat and its impact on peacetime masculinities lag well behind. Though wartime and postwar experiences in Africa provide a repertoire for gender and masculinity research, the continent has been neglected in this realm of studies. British colonial Nigeria contributed tens of thousands of combat men to the war with thousands becoming disabled and facing challenges to their masculine ide

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Baljit, Singh. "World War I : Its Causes and Effects." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research Transactions 4, no. 11 (2022): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7258954.

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First World War is considered as one of the largest wars in history. The world’s great powers assembled in two opposing alliances the Allies (British Empire, France and the Russian Empire) versus the Central Powers (Germany and Austria-Hungary). WWI lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. Over the course of the 19th century, rival powers of Europe formed alliances. Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy formed the Triple Alliance. Great Britain, France, and Russia formed the Triple Entente. Tensions grew between Austria-Hungary and Serbia as Serbian nationalists attempted to unite all

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Woodworth-Hou, Jason. "Reanimating the Master Narrative: How They Shall Not Grow Old Curates the Perception of Common Truth through CGI Animation." Animation 17, no. 3 (2022): 271–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17468477221131874.

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In 2014, the British Imperial War Museum (IWM) contracted New Zealand-based filmmaker, Peter Jackson, to use their audio and video archives to create a media-based memorial to the men who served in World War 1. The documentary film, They Shall Not Grow Old ( TSNGO), released in 2018, was the product of this collaboration. Jackson took on the project to better understand his own grandfather’s experience as a soldier at the Battle of the Somme. Weta Digital Studios, founded by Jackson, converted the standard WWI newsreel footage into a product that aligned to a modern audience’s perceptual sense

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Sinichenko, Vladimir, and Sergey Belozertsev. "Problems of Credit Financing Arms Supplies to Russia from Japan during World War I." Journal of Economic History and History of Economics 24, no. 1 (2023): 135–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2308-2488.2023.24(1).135-152.

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The relevance of the topic is related to the fact that currently, within the conditions of a special military operation in Ukraine, the problem of mobilizing the economy to meet the military needs is becoming of key importance. At the same time, close study of the history of lending for military and technical cooperation between Russia and other countries and the practices of their legal registration will help avoid a number of mistakes made during the First World War by the Russian authorities when managing the economy in a military conflict. Russian researchers have studied in sufficient det

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Баранов, А.П. "Опыт применения химического оружия в Первой мировой войне". Причерноморье. История, политика, культура Серия Б. Новая и новейшая история, № XX(IX) (2017): 143–47. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.345123.

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<em>В статье представлен анализ состава химического оружия периода Первой Мировой войны. Рассматриваются его поражающие факторы, способ воздействия на организм человека и токсичность. Описаны ключевые сражения с применением боевых отравляющих веществ (БОВ), факторы, повлиявшие на их удачное применение и то, какие средства индивидуальной защиты были изобретены в ответ на усовершенствование БОВ. Автор приходит к выводу, что на полях сражений Первой Ммировой войны химическое оружие сыграло ключевую роль, и хотя существовали международные акты, регулировавшие применение химического оружия, когда н

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Benmoussa, Nadia, Kevin Hansen, and Philippe Charlier. "Use of Fat Grafts in Facial Reconstruction on the Wounded Soldiers From the First World War (WWI) by Hippolyte Morestin (1869–1919)." Annals of Plastic Surgery 79, no. 5 (2017): 420–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/sap.0000000000001221.

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Sarabiev, Aleksei V. "THE RUSSIAN CONSUL IN DAMASCUS PRINCE BORIS N. SHAKHOVSKOY’S ROLE IN INTERFAITH PEACE ON THE EVE OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR." Journal of the Institute of Oriental Studies RAS, no. 4 (14) (2020): 162–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2618-7302-2020-4-162-178.

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Prince Boris N. Shakhovskoy (1870–1926), the Russian consul in Damascus from 1907 until the First World War, left to his descendants a legacy of attentive and balanced diplomacy. His reports to the Russian Embassy in Constantinople and to the 1st Division of the Foreign Ministry contain invaluable information shedding light on interfaith relations in the Syrian regions of the Ottoman Empire on the eve and after of the Young Turk Revolution, as well as on the early months of the so-called Great War (WWI). The article analyzes the messages of the diplomat on various aspects of the religious situ

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Ağaoğlu, Sami. "Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nda Gazze Muharebeleri / The Battles of Gaza in World War I." Journal of History Culture and Art Research 6, no. 2 (2017): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v6i2.637.

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<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>According to Germany’s demand, Ottoman Empire opened Canal Front which is one of the most important front lines of WWI to pass the Suez Canal and attack Egypt. There were two massive attacks between Ottoman and British. The first clash occured in 1915 and second took place in 1916. Result of Ottoman forces struggle with the British troops, Ottoman Empire were defeated but then Ottoman Empire counter attacked. They tried to prevent British attacks in the campaigns of Sinai and Palestine.</p><p>The paper deals with the

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Szönyi, György E. "The Vicissitudes of Twentieth Century Hungarian Adepts, from the Austro- Hungarian Monarchy, through World Wars, Revolutions, Communism to Intellectual Liberation." Polish Journal of the Arts and Culture New Series, no. 17 (1/2023) (May 2023): 33–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/24506249pj.23.003.18996.

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My paper maps the most important representatives of the occult and esoteric currents in twentieth century Hungary. Their works and tes- timonies encompass the genesis of modern esotericism in Hungary, but their careers also demonstrate the catastrophic watershed caused by fascism and the Second World War, only to be continued (however mostly secretly) during the communist era. The paper first provides an overview of the development of major esoteric trends in modern Hungary (from the late nineteenth century to the time of the regime change in 1989), then focuses on three outstanding seekers of

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Tepedelen, Kenan. "A Forgotten Diplomatic Front of World War I: Ethiopia." Belleten 71, no. 261 (2007): 757–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.37879/belleten.2007.757.

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The First World War that caused the collapse of four Empires: the German Empire, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire, is being remembered today as a pitiless conflict that caused the death of 8.700.000 soldiers and civilians and the rendering destitute of at least quite as many. Those who study the WWI tend to focus their attention upon the large battles that took place during the 1914-18 period but few realise the enormous struggle for influence over Ethiopia - the then only independent country, other than Liberia, on the African Continent - that took place

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Vertyaev, Kirill V. "THE ROLE OF ENGLAND IN THE FORMATION OF THE PROTO-STATEHOOD OF THE IRAQI KURDS AFTER THE FIRST WORLD WAR (1918–1920) IN THE MANDATE TERRITORIES FORM." Journal of the Institute of Oriental Studies RAS, no. 4 (14) (2020): 179–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2618-7302-2020-4-179-191.

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The article develops the stadial formation thesis of the proto-statehood among the Iraqi Kurds. The concept of national identity of the Iraqi Kurds remains the subject of a complex and long-lasting discussion. The main obstacle for the emergence of the Kurdish integral nationalism is still the fact that the Kurds speak different dialects of Kurdish language, and still maintain political and inter-clan conflicts over the distribution of power (not to mention the futility of any attempts to define political boundaries of Iraqi Kurdistan). Ironically, Great Britain faced practically the same cont

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Aydın, Abdurrahim, and Tuncay Zorlu. "Transfer of German Military Know-How and Technology to the Ottoman Military Factories at the beginning of the First World War." Belleten 79, no. 285 (2015): 739–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37879/belleten.2015.739.

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Supply of military weapons, equipment, spare parts and ammunition had always been of a crucial importance for the Ottoman Empire. This issue came to be a part of an international diplomacy from 19th century onwards when the Ottoman governments were forced into a position to choose allies from European Powers who were in rivalry in providing military materials. Many companies from France, England and Germany competed with each other in order to have the greatest share from the military supplies market in the Ottoman Empire. Such German companies as Krupp, and Rheinische Metallwaren und Maschine

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Pudłocki, Tomasz. "„Piękne słowo jest więcej warte od pięknego ciała”." Krakowskie Pismo Kresowe 9 (September 30, 2018): 35–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/kpk.09.2017.09.02.

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“A Beautiful Word is Worth More Than a Beautiful Body” – Anna Rachalska’s Private High School for Girls in Przemysl between 1911 and 1920The Private Middle School for Girls owned by Anna Rachalska, operating between 1911 and 1920, was the first successful attempt to create a school in Przemyśl enabling women to pursue university studies, which also provided an impetus for establishing further local forms of education for Polish, Jewish and Ukrainian women. The school premises were far from suitable, the teachers oen changed and the institution’s significance in the public sphere of the city w

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Matiash, Iryna. "Relations between Ukraine and Central states: uncommon occupation in 1918." Diplomatic Ukraine, no. XIX (2018): 855–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.37837/2707-7683-2018-58.

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The review elucidates the contents of the monography by R. Pyroh with special attention paid to the relations between Ukraine and the Central Powers in 1918. It is noted that these relations are a multifaceted phenomenon of political, economic, and military ties caused by complicated vicissitudes of the final stage of World War I. It is observed that the signature of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk accelerated the independence of the Ukrainian People’s Republic and accorded it the status of an entity of international law. The author shares his insight that in historiography military presence is mo

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Goodrich, Gregory L., and Tom Zampieri. "Evergreen: The First U.S. Veterans’ Blind Rehabilitation Center." Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness 113, no. 2 (2019): 180–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145482x19845706.

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Evergreen was a World War I (WWI) adult, inpatient vocational rehabilitation facility for war-blind soldiers, sailors, and marines in the United States. Although Evergreen shared similarities with European war-blind rehabilitation organizations, it was novel in its philosophy and approach. It was also unlike any civilian blind rehabilitation program of its day. Although there are no comprehensive records known to us of how many troops became blind or sustained vision loss during WWI, studying published reports of the veterans served by Evergreen provides some insight into this population. As t

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