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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Fiscal mechanism'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 May 2022
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Gechert, Sebastian. "On the Measurement, Theory and Estimation of Fiscal Multipliers." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-155008.

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The study is intended to identify relevant channels and possibly biasing factors with respect to fiscal multipliers, and thus to contribute to improving the precision of multiplier forecasts. This is done by, first, defining the concept of the multiplier used in the present study, presenting the main theoretical channels of influence as discussed in the literature and the problems of empirical identification. Second, by conducting a meta-regression analysis on the reported multipliers from a unique data set of 1069 multiplier observations and the respective study characteristics in order to de
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2

Silva, António Jorge Esteves da. "The monetary transmission mechanism in the Euro Area : has it changed with the EMU?" Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6904.

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Mestrado em Economia Monetária e Financeira<br>We study whether the adoption of the euro and a single monetary policy have brought about a change in the monetary transmission mechanism and in the interactions of monetary policy, fiscal policy and financial stress in the euro area. We find that the stylized facts of monetary transmission remain valid but the response of output and, mainly, the fiscal and financial stress variables to a monetary policy shock seem to be stronger in the post-EMU period. These changes may signal a higher degree of synchronization of the euro area countries’ economi
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3

Панченко, Н. В. "Властивості фіскальної трансмісії в умовах макроенономічної нестабільності". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2019. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/77566.

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В сучасних умовах фіскальний механізм відіграє важливу роль у фінансовій системі країни та характеризується особливими, тільки йому властивими інструментами, важелями, функціями, способами та методами, які здійснюють значний вплив на розвиток як окремих суб’єктів господарювання, так і економіки країни в цілому. Особливістю фіскального механізму є те, що це складне та багатогранне явище, яке поєднує в собі різні специфічні елементи та заходи регулювання, застосування яких може мати як довгостроковий, так і короткостроковий вплив на функціонування економічних суб’єктів.
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4

Фучеджі, А. Д. "Фіскальні наслідки тіньової економіки". Thesis, Одеський національний економічний університет, 2020. http://dspace.oneu.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/12734.

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У роботі розглядаються теоретичні аспекти тіньової економіки: причини, наслідки та механізм впливу на фіскальну політику, проведено дослідження теоретико-методичного підґрунтя формування податкових розривів в економіці. Проаналізовано стан та динаміку тіньової економіки, чинники впливу на рівень тіньового сегменту в Україні; висвітлено формування податкових розривів як наслідку асинхронізації результатів зовнішньоекономічної діяльності країни та досліджено процес фіскального регулювання рівня тіньового сегменту економіки України. Запропоновано шляхи вирішення основних проблеми тіньової економі
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5

Teig, Michael. "Fiscal transparency and economic development : definitions, concept, possible transmission mechanisms, and policy implications /." Bamberg : BERG-Verl, 2009. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=017369659&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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6

Cabral, André Dantas. "Fiscal cycles and the Brazilian states: an analysis of the mechanisms behind term limits." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/18499.

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Submitted by André Dantas cabral (andre.d.cabral@hotmail.com) on 2017-07-03T16:21:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FISCAL CYCLES AND THE BRAZILIAN STATES - AN ANALYSIS OF THE MECHANISMS BEHIND TERM LIMITS.pdf: 2264599 bytes, checksum: 9d28802089f82faa97a48877dc74ea6d (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by ÁUREA CORRÊA DA FONSECA CORRÊA DA FONSECA (aurea.fonseca@fgv.br) on 2017-07-04T15:42:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FISCAL CYCLES AND THE BRAZILIAN STATES - AN ANALYSIS OF THE MECHANISMS BEHIND TERM LIMITS.pdf: 2264599 bytes, checksum: 9d28802089f82faa97a48877dc74ea6d (MD5)<br>Made available
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7

Constans, Daniel. "L’Union européenne et le contrôle des finances publiques des Etats." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0179/document.

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Cette étude est structurée autour du constat d’un hiatus entre la poursuite d’unprojet politique de nature fédérale, la monnaie unique, et une mise en oeuvre reposant surdes outils appartenant à un état centralisé, le contrôle budgétaire à priori. Cette situation,résulte d’abord du manque de confiance entre les Etats mais l’utilisation d’outils inadaptés aubut poursuivi génère de nombreux dysfonctionnements. Le fait de confier par trois ensemblede textes [le « six pack », le « Two pack » et le Traité sur la stabilité, la coordination et lagouvernance au sein de l'Union économique et monétaire
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8

Пожар, Тетяна Олександрівна, Татьяна Александровна Пожар та Tetiana Oleksandrivna Pozhar. "Розвиток фінансово-бюджетного механізму державного фінансового контролю". Thesis, Українська академія банківської справи Національного банку України, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/51431.

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Дисертаційна робота присвячена розробці теоретичних підходів і практичних рекомендацій, направлених на розвиток механізму державного фінансового контролю. Поглиблено теоретичні основи розуміння державного фінансового контролю, його ролі у підвищенні фінансово-бюджетної дисципліни, методів, форм і прийомів. У роботі визначено сутність та основні складові механізму ДФК. Досліджено стан і результати ДФК за формуванням, розподілом, перерозподілом і використанням державних фінансових ресурсів. Запропоновано науково-методичний підхід до організації механізму програмно-цільового бюджетування за ета
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9

Kim, Dong-Hyeon. "Relative effectiveness of monetary and fiscal policies : with emphasis on disaggregated private spendings and policy transmission mechanisms /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9953871.

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10

Donadello, Simone. "Observation of the Kibble-Zurek mechanism in a bosonic gas." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/369127.

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When a second-order phase transition is crossed at finite speed, domains with independent order parameters can appear in the system, with the consequent formation of defects at the domain boundaries. The Kibble-Zurek theory provides a description for this universal phenomenon, which applies to many different systems in nature, and it predicts a power-law dependence of the defect density on the quench rate. This thesis reports on the results of the experimental study of the Kibble-Zurek mechanism in elongated Bose-Einstein condensates of atomic sodium gases, following the observations on the sp
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11

Donadello, Simone. "Observation of the Kibble-Zurek mechanism in a bosonic gas." Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2016. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/1694/1/Donadello_Thesis_.pdf.

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When a second-order phase transition is crossed at finite speed, domains with independent order parameters can appear in the system, with the consequent formation of defects at the domain boundaries. The Kibble-Zurek theory provides a description for this universal phenomenon, which applies to many different systems in nature, and it predicts a power-law dependence of the defect density on the quench rate. This thesis reports on the results of the experimental study of the Kibble-Zurek mechanism in elongated Bose-Einstein condensates of atomic sodium gases, following the observations on the sp
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12

Юр’єва, О. І. "Механізм державного управління податковим боргом в Україні". Thesis, Чернігів, 2017. http://ir.stu.cn.ua/123456789/15458.

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Юр’єва, О. І. Механізм державного управління податковим боргом в Україні : дис. ...канд. наук з державного управління : 25.00.02 / О. І. Юр’єва. – Чернігів, 2017. – 274 с.<br>У дисертації здійснено теоретичне обґрунтування змісту механізму державного управління податковим боргом в Україні та на цій основі розроблено практичні рекомендації щодо його вдосконалення. У роботі визначено категорію механізм державного управління податковим боргом, як систему, що має власні цілі, принципи та виконує певні державно-управлінські функції, метою яких є мінімізація проблеми податкового боргу. Особлив
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13

Siqueira, Luciana Cardoso. "Conselho fiscal e auditoria em cooperativas agropecuárias: uma análise sobre a adoção de práticas de monitoramento." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/96/96133/tde-17012012-155042/.

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A presente pesquisa analisa as práticas de governança corporativa indicadas aos seguintes mecanismos de monitoramento: (a) o conselho fiscal; (b) a auditoria externa e (c) a auditoria interna. Buscou-se verificar quão próximas as cooperativas agropecuárias estão do que é indicado pelos códigos de melhores práticas de governança. Utiliza-se como fundamentação teórica a perspectiva da firma como um conjunto de contratos em um contexto no qual pode existir delegação de parte do poder de controle e decisão dos ativos. Assim, analisa-se teoricamente as motivações para a adoção de estruturas de gove
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14

Soalla, Wendkouni Lydie Sophie. "L'action des institutions financières internationales et leur impact sur les systèmes nationaux : aspects budgétaires et fiscaux. Le cas du Burkina Faso." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30083.

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Depuis son accession à l’indépendance, le Burkina Faso est à la recherche d’une politique publique de développement qui lui permette de sortir de son état de « sous-développement ». La politique budgétaire a, de ce fait, été instituée en catalyseur d’un développement économique et social durable. Mais les errements budgétaires des Gouvernements qui se sont succédé ont plutôt entraîné une triple crise : une crise de la dette, une crise des déficits publics et une crise économique. A compter des années 1990, le FMI et la Banque Mondiale sont intervenus, aux côtés des autorités burkinabé, dans le
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15

Pastorello, Davide. "Geometric Hamiltonian Formulation of Quantum Mechanics." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/368609.

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My PhD thesis is focused on geometric Hamiltonian formulation of Quanum Mechanics and its interplay with standard formulation. The main result is the construction of a general prescription to set up a quantum theory as a classical-like theory where quantum dynamics is given by a Hamiltonian vector field on a complex projective space with Kähler structure. In such geometric framework quantum states are represented by classical-like Liouville densities. After a complete characterization of classical-like observables in a finite-dimensional quantum theory, the observable C*-algebra is described
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16

Rebeccani, Sara <1994&gt. "Electrochemiluminescence: insights into the mechanisms and nanomaterial-based applications." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/10415/1/Rebeccani_Sara_tesi.pdf.

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Biomarkers are biological indicators of human health conditions. Their ultra-sensitive quantification is of paramount importance in clinical monitoring and early disease diagnosis. Biosensors are simple and easy-to-use analytical devices and, in their world, electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is one of the most promising analytical techniques that needs an ever-increasing sensitivity for improving its clinical effectiveness. Scope of this project was the investigation of the ECL generation mechanisms for enhancing the ECL intensity also through the identification of suitable nanostructures. The
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17

Pastorello, Davide. "Geometric Hamiltonian Formulation of Quantum Mechanics." Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2014. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/1337/1/Davide_Pastorello_PhD_Thesis.pdf.

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My PhD thesis is focused on geometric Hamiltonian formulation of Quanum Mechanics and its interplay with standard formulation. The main result is the construction of a general prescription to set up a quantum theory as a classical-like theory where quantum dynamics is given by a Hamiltonian vector field on a complex projective space with Kähler structure. In such geometric framework quantum states are represented by classical-like Liouville densities. After a complete characterization of classical-like observables in a finite-dimensional quantum theory, the observable C*-algebra is described
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18

Oppio, Marco. "On the Necessity of Complex Numbers in Quantum Mechanics." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/368601.

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In principle, the lattice of elementary propositions of a generic quantum system admits a representation in real, complex or quaternionic Hilbert spaces as established by Solèr’s theorem (1995) closing a long standing problem that can be traced back to von Neumann’s mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics. However up to now there are no examples of quantum systems described in Hilbert spaces whose scalar field is different from the set of complex numbers. We show that elementary relativistic systems cannot be described by irreducible strongly-continuous unitary representations of SL
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19

PUZZOVIO, Delia. "Surface interaction mechanisms in metal-oxide semiconductors for alkane detection." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2389140.

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Gas sensors based on semiconductive materials have gained an increasing interest, thanks to their advantageous characteristics. However, their intrinsic lack of selectivity made research in this eld to come to a standstill. Such devices are mainly applied to environmental and indoor monitoring. A clearer analysis of surface reaction phenomena is the key to nd a solution to the problem of limited selectivity. This approach has been applied to gases of great interest, such as alkanes. The main aim of this dissertation is to clarify some theoretical and experimental aspects related to the s
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20

BILARDELLO, MARCO MARIA. "Heating effects and localization mechanism in cold Bose gases." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11368/2908106.

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Collapse models solve the measurement problem by adding non-linear and stochastic terms to the usual Schroedinger dynamics. The resulting dynamics localizes in position macroscopic systems, while preserves quantum mechanical predictions for microscopic systems. Two of the main consequences of this resulting dynamics are: the loss of any initial spatial coherence, with a decoherence rate which increases with the dimensions of the system (amplification mechanism); and a heating effect induced on the system that, for long times, leads either to a divergent or to a convergent value of the energy,
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21

TOROŠ, MARKO. "Constraints on the spontaneous collapse mechanism: theory and experiments." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11368/2908108.

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Quantum mechanics, with the usual orthodox interpretation, leads to the problem of macroscopic linear superpositions: to avoid them the wave-function collapse postulate was introduced, forcing an arbitrary distinction between the microscopic (the system) and the macroscopic (the measurement apparatus). To resolve this issue, spontaneous collapse models suggest to combine the Schrödinger evolution with the wave-function collapse in a single dynamical law: in the microscopic regime we reobtain the predictions of quantum mechanics, within experimental errors, while for macroscopic objects we obta
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22

ADAMO, PAOLO ALBERTO. "Applied Models in Non-Equilibrium Statistical Mechanics." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2506468.

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The research concerns the study of applied models in non-equilibrium statistical mechanics. The emerging of irreversible behaviour from time-reversible microscopic dynamics depicted by the thermodynamic description, is commonly referred as the paradox of irreversibility. The recent results obtained by Evans and Searls, namely the Fluctuation-Relations (FRs) for the dissipation function, helped to shed light on the mechanism leading to the break in the time-simmetry, and opened new perspectives on the description of non-equilibrium systems. Deterministic dynamical systems such as the multiba
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23

Zilio, Pierfrancesco. "Mechanism of surface plasmon polarition propagation for nano-optics applications." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423084.

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In recent times a new emerging research field has become more and more popular in the optics community, which is plasmonics. This discipline studies the surprising optical properties of metals at the nano-scale, which are substantially different from those at the macro-scale. This thesis presents several theoretical/numerical studies in the field of plasmonics, both with fundamental research and with applicative purposes in the fields of photovoltaics and sensing. One basic problem in plasmonics is the study of optical Bloch modes of planar arrays of metallic nanostructures, namely periodic
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24

Seyedi, Seyedalireza <1980&gt. "Predictability in Social Science, The statistical mechanics approach." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7199/1/seyedi_seyedalireza_tesi.pdf.

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The subject of this work concerns the study of the immigration phenomenon, with emphasis on the aspects related to the integration of an immigrant population in a hosting one. Aim of this work is to show the forecasting ability of a recent finding where the behavior of integration quantifiers was analyzed and investigated with a mathematical model of statistical physics origins (a generalization of the monomer dimer model). After providing a detailed literature review of the model, we show that not only such a model is able to identify the social mechanism that drives a particular integration
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Seyedi, Seyedalireza <1980&gt. "Predictability in Social Science, The statistical mechanics approach." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7199/.

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The subject of this work concerns the study of the immigration phenomenon, with emphasis on the aspects related to the integration of an immigrant population in a hosting one. Aim of this work is to show the forecasting ability of a recent finding where the behavior of integration quantifiers was analyzed and investigated with a mathematical model of statistical physics origins (a generalization of the monomer dimer model). After providing a detailed literature review of the model, we show that not only such a model is able to identify the social mechanism that drives a particular integration
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26

Luzi, Rachele <1991&gt. "Statistical mechanics and learning problems in neural networks." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/8730/1/tesi.pdf.

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My PhD thesis is based on Statistical Mechanics themes and their applications. In the second chapter I test the inverse problem method for a class of monomer-dimer statistical mechanics models that contain also an attractive potential and display a mean-field critical point at a boundary of a coexistence line. I obtain the inversion by analytically identifying the parameters in terms of the correlation functions and via the maximum-likelihood method. The precision is tested in the whole phase space and, when close to the coexistence line, the algorithm is used together with a clustering
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El, Tahawy Mohsen Mamdouh Taha <1982&gt. "Modelling Spectral Tunability and Photoisomerization Mechanisms in Natural and Artificial Retinal Systems." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7829/1/EL_TAHAWY_Mohsen_thesis_to_submit.pdf.

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The photoinduced ultrafast isomerizations of the retinal chromophore (RPSB) in visual rhodopsins are characterized by high speed and efficiency due to conical intersection between the excited and ground electronic states that drives its radiationless decay via an efficient internal conversion. The retinal chromophore displays also a cationic structure and the charge transfer character of its lowest excited bright state makes it sensitive to the environment, namely to the presence of an external electric field. This is in turn able to tune its absorption energy in order to cover the whole visib
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IDJIMARENE, SONIA. "Power Laws Behavior and Nonlinearity Mechanisms in Mesoscopic Elastic Materials." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2656351.

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Nonlinear mesoscopic elastic (NME) materials present an anomalous nonlinear elastic behavior, which could not be explained by classical theories. New physical mechanisms should be individuated to explain NMEs response. Dislocations in damaged metals, fluids in rocks and adhesion (in composites) could be plausible. In this thesis I have searched for differences in the macroscopic elastic response of materials which could be ascribed to different physical processes. I have found that the nonlinear indicators follow a power law behavior as a function of the excitation energy, with expon
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Alberici, Diego <1988&gt. "Statistical Mechanics of Hard-Core Particles with Attractive Interactions." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7310/1/Tesi.pdf.

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Mean-field monomer-dimer models, on sparse random graphs or on the complete graph, can be considered as an approximation of finite-dimensional physical models involving particles of different sizes. On the other hand they have a particular interest for the emerging applications to Computer Science and Social Sciences, since the real-world networks are often modelled by particular families of random graphs. We give a rigorous proof of Zdeborovà-Mézard's picture of the monomer-dimer model with pure hard-core interaction on sparse random graphs. As shown by Heilmann and Lieb, the hard-core intera
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Alberici, Diego <1988&gt. "Statistical Mechanics of Hard-Core Particles with Attractive Interactions." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7310/.

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Mean-field monomer-dimer models, on sparse random graphs or on the complete graph, can be considered as an approximation of finite-dimensional physical models involving particles of different sizes. On the other hand they have a particular interest for the emerging applications to Computer Science and Social Sciences, since the real-world networks are often modelled by particular families of random graphs. We give a rigorous proof of Zdeborovà-Mézard's picture of the monomer-dimer model with pure hard-core interaction on sparse random graphs. As shown by Heilmann and Lieb, the hard-core intera
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31

Oppio, Marco. "On the Necessity of Complex Numbers in Quantum Mechanics." Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2018. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/2936/1/Marco_Oppio_-_Tesi_PhD.pdf.

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In principle, the lattice of elementary propositions of a generic quantum system admits a representation in real, complex or quaternionic Hilbert spaces as established by Solèr’s theorem (1995) closing a long standing problem that can be traced back to von Neumann’s mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics. However up to now there are no examples of quantum systems described in Hilbert spaces whose scalar field is different from the set of complex numbers. We show that elementary relativistic systems cannot be described by irreducible strongly-continuous unitary representations of SL(2, C
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32

Meninno, Sabrina. "Mechanics of dry granular flows driven by gravity." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2015. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/367981.

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Dry granular flows are an important paradigm for a large number of problems, from industrial applications to geophysical events. Most of the research published has studied inclined granular flows over bumpy and at rigid base, while only few of them have been focused on fully developed steady flows over an erodible beds. This kind of flows are important to understand the dynamics of complex phenomena such as dense snow-avalanches and landslides, whose rheology is still ambiguous and not well defined. In this thesis, we focus on the following three aspects: (1) dynamics of uniform flows over
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Bedini, A. "The statistical mechanics of spanning forests." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/153336.

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This work collects the results of my research activity of the last three years. The main part is the study of the spanning forest model in a mean eld approximation by the use of a recently introduced fermionic representation. These results have been published in the following papers in collaboration with S. Caracciolo and A. Sportiello. A. Bedini, S. Caracciolo, and A. Sportiello, Hyperforests on the complete hypergraph by Grassmann integral representation, Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 41, 205003 (2008). A. Bedini, S. Caracciolo, and A. Sportiello, Phase transition i
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Pepiciello, Martina. "Supersymmetric quantum mechanics and applications." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/18379/.

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La tesi contiene un'introduzione alla Meccanica Quantistica Supersimmetrica e alle sue possibili applicazioni nella risoluzione di problemi tipici della Meccanica Quantistica. Dopo una breve discussione sulle origini della Meccanica Quantistica Supersimmetrica, vengono introdotte le superalgebre di Lie, che costituiscono l'apparato matematico necessario per lo sviluppo di questo argomento. Viene poi implementato e studiato il modello con N=2 cariche di supersimmetria in 0+1 dimensioni, affrontando anche il concetto di rottura spontanea di supersimmetria e l'indice di Witten. In seguito, vengon
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35

Meninno, Sabrina. "Mechanics of dry granular flows driven by gravity." Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2015. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/1505/1/Tesi.pdf.

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Dry granular flows are an important paradigm for a large number of problems, from industrial applications to geophysical events. Most of the research published has studied inclined granular flows over bumpy and at rigid base, while only few of them have been focused on fully developed steady flows over an erodible beds. This kind of flows are important to understand the dynamics of complex phenomena such as dense snow-avalanches and landslides, whose rheology is still ambiguous and not well defined. In this thesis, we focus on the following three aspects: (1) dynamics of uniform flows ove
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MUNTONI, ANNA PAOLA. "Statistical mechanics approaches to optimization and inference." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2669186.

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Nowadays, typical methodologies employed in statistical physics are successfully applied to a huge set of problems arising from different research fields. In this thesis I will propose several statistical mechanics based models able to deal with two types of problems: optimization and inference problems. The intrinsic difficulty that characterizes both problems is that, due to the hard combinatorial nature of optimization and inference, finding exact solutions would require hard and impractical computations. In fact, the time needed to perform these calculations, in almost all cases, scales ex
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Tagliazucchi, Matteo. "Renormalization in non-relativistic quantum mechanics." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/21030/.

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A problem of non-relativistic quantum mechanics solved using regularization and renormalization techniques is presented in this thesis. After a general introduction of these techniques, they are applied to a problem in classical electromagnetism and to the bound state of a single quantum particle subjected to a two-dimensional delta-function potential, that is divergent if computed naively solving directly the Schroedinger equation or using the theory of propagators. The regularization techniques used are the cutoff regularization and the dimensional one and they both leads to the same outcome
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INGROSSO, ALESSANDRO. "Statistical Mechanics Approach to Inverse Problems on Networks." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2641787.

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Statistical Mechanics has gained a central role in modern Inference and Computer Science. Many optimization and inference problems can be cast in a Statistical Mechanics framework, and various concepts and methods developed in this area of Physics can be very helpful not only in the theoretical analysis, but also constitute valuable tools for solving single instance cases of hard inference and computational tasks. In this work, I address various inverse problems on networks, from models of epidemic spreading to learning in neural networks, and apply a variety of methods which have been develop
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JADAVI, SAMIRA. "Advanced microscopy techniques applied to in-vitro study of Alpha synuclein aggregation and toxicity mechanism." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1080907.

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In this work, I applied advanced microscopy techniques to study the molecular mechanisms of α-synuclein (α-syn), the amyloidogenic protein responsible for Parkinson's disease. The toxicity of α-syn is likely related to its interaction with the neuronal membrane. It is known that α-syn is present in both the cytosolic and extracellular space, and it has been demonstrated that both components have a role in neurodegenerative processes. To study the effect α-syn on lipid membranes, I used two complex lipid mixtures, preparing lipid bilayers that modeled the external and internal leaflets of the
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40

Rossi, Andrea. "Statistical Mechanics Approach to Protein Design." Doctoral thesis, SISSA, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11767/4329.

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The plan of this thesis is the following. In the first chapter we introduce the most important and basic concept related to protein folding and design. In the second chapter, after introducing some standard lattice models of proteins and heteropolymers, the most important methods of protein design present in the literature are described. In the third chapter we will introduce a novel iterative procedure for protein design and it will be applied to lattice protein models [58]. A different approach based on geometrical criterion [49] will also be presented. In the fourth chapter, we will impleme
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41

Camilli, Francesco. "Statistical mechanics perspectives on Boltzmann machines." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/19302/.

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La tesi contiene un approccio rigoroso alla meccanica statistica dei sistemi disordinati con particolare attenzione a modelli di campo medio. Il punto di partenza è un’introduzione al modello Curie-Weiss in cui si presentano sia risultati classici sia una nuova proprietà di stabilità per cambio di normalizzazione. Il modello è stato risolto per interazioni ferromagnetiche ed antiferromagnetiche. Una volta introdotti gli strumenti fondamentali, si passa al modello di Sherringtone Kirkpatrick, in cui le interazioni sono estratte da una gaussiana standard ed indipendenti. Si provano l’esis
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GIVERSO, CHIARA. "Cell and cell-aggregate mechanics: remodelling, growth and interaction with the extracellular environment." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2535515.

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The scope of this dissertation is to give a contribution to the understanding of the mathematical description of cell and cellular aggregate mechanics, focusing on remodelling and growth processes which occur inside living structures and on the interactions among cells and the extracellular environment, during the process of cell migration.
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43

Guedrib, Ben Abderrahmen Mouna. "Impact des mécanismes internes de gouvernance sur le risque fiscal : une étude menée dans le contexte tunisien." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00876893.

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L'objectif principal de la présente thèse est d'examiner l'impact des mécanismes internes de gouvernance sur le risque fiscal dans le contexte tunisien. Les notions de risque fiscal et de gestion du risque fiscal ont été définies dans un premier chapitre. Un deuxième chapitre présente le fondement théorique de notre étude. La théorie des jeux est présentée en premier lieu. Elle constitue un cadre propice pour analyser les comportements des deux acteurs principaux dans le cadre de cette étude, à savoir l'entreprise et l'administration fiscale, vis-à-vis du risque fiscal. La théorie partenariale
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44

Mastromatteo, Massimo. "Mechanism of fluorine redistribution and incorporation during solid phase epitaxial regrowth of pre-amorphized silicon." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3427057.

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The redistribution of impurities during phase transitions is a widely studied phenomenon that has a great relevance in many fields and especially in microelectronics for the realization of Ultra Shallow Junctions (USJs) with abrupt profiles and high electrical activation. The redistribution of fluorine during solid phase epitaxial regrowth (SPER) of pre-amorphized Si has been experimentally investigated, explained and simulated, for different F concentrations and temperatures. We demonstrate, by a detailed analysis and modelling of F secondary ion mass spectrometry chemical concentration profi
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Polettini, Matteo <1982&gt. "Geometric and Combinatorial Aspects of NonEquilibrium Statistical Mechanics." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4305/1/polettini_matteo_tesi.pdf.

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Non-Equilibrium Statistical Mechanics is a broad subject. Grossly speaking, it deals with systems which have not yet relaxed to an equilibrium state, or else with systems which are in a steady non-equilibrium state, or with more general situations. They are characterized by external forcing and internal fluxes, resulting in a net production of entropy which quantifies dissipation and the extent by which, by the Second Law of Thermodynamics, time-reversal invariance is broken. In this thesis we discuss some of the mathematical structures involved with generic discrete-state-space non-equilibriu
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46

Polettini, Matteo <1982&gt. "Geometric and Combinatorial Aspects of NonEquilibrium Statistical Mechanics." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4305/.

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Non-Equilibrium Statistical Mechanics is a broad subject. Grossly speaking, it deals with systems which have not yet relaxed to an equilibrium state, or else with systems which are in a steady non-equilibrium state, or with more general situations. They are characterized by external forcing and internal fluxes, resulting in a net production of entropy which quantifies dissipation and the extent by which, by the Second Law of Thermodynamics, time-reversal invariance is broken. In this thesis we discuss some of the mathematical structures involved with generic discrete-state-space non-equilibriu
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47

Li, Meng. "Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Functions of Juvenile Hormone Receptor." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53504.

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Juvenile hormone (JH) is one of the principal hormones that regulate insect development and reproduction. Accumulating evidence suggests that Methoprene-tolerant (Met) protein is a nuclear receptor of JH. Work by others has shown that Met is capable of binding JH at physiological concentration. An RNAi knockdown of Met causes down-regulated expression of JH-responsive genes and a phenotype similar to that observed in JH-deficient insects, suggesting that Met is required for mediating physiological and molecular responses to JH. The work in this report aims to understand the mechanisms underlyi
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48

Bortolamei, Nicola. "Electrochemistry for atom transfer radical polymerization: from mechanism to more controlled synthesis." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422094.

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Living/controlled radical polymerizations (L/CRPs) have been developed in the second half of the nineties and nowadays are among the most powerful and effective polymerization techniques for the preparation of advanced polymeric materials with well defined properties and high value. Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) has recorded the highest success in the field of L/CRP, thanks to its versatility and easiness of application. The first goal of this Ph.D. thesis is to understand and develop Cu-catalyzed ATRP through an electrochemical approach, with particular regard to the properties
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49

Marchetti, Cristina. "Mechanisms controlling rhythmicity in the neonatal rat spinal cord in vitro." Doctoral thesis, SISSA, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11767/4759.

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The present study has investigated the rhythmic properties of spinal networks in the neonatal rat spinal cord in vitro, by means of intracellular recordings from single motoneurons and extracellular recordings from ventral roots. The occurrence and basic characteristics of an alternating locomotor-like pattern, triggered by stimulating afferent dorsal root fibers, was described, suggesting that sensory inputs from the periphery can activate the spinal locomotor network. It was proposed that activation of the locomotor CPG could occur via an increase in extracellular K+ and network neuron
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50

Molari, Marco. "Statistical mechanics of polymer models: rigorous results and applications." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/10429/.

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Monomer-dimer models are amongst the models in statistical mechanics which found application in many areas of science, ranging from biology to social sciences. This model describes a many-body system in which monoatomic and diatomic particles subject to hard-core interactions get deposited on a graph. In our work we provide an extension of this model to higher-order particles. The aim of our work is threefold: first we study the thermodynamic properties of the newly introduced model. We solve analytically some regular cases and find that, differently from the original, our extension admits ph
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