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Journal articles on the topic 'Fiscal response system'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Wang, Kunyu. "Research on the Development of the Size and Structure of Government Financial Outlay in China." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 75, no. 1 (2024): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/75/20241881.

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As an important component of government allocation, fiscal outlay not only serves as the financial foundation for maintaining government functions but also provides a comprehensive overview of the scope and content of government activities in a market economy. This article analyzes the dimensions and structure of China's government fiscal outlay by reviewing existing literature and research data. It has been observed that the overall fiscal outlay by different tiers of government in China has witnessed a consistent rise over the years, with particular emphasis on the substantial fiscal deficit

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Meyer, Jacob M., and Nicholas R. Jenkins. "Interest Groups, Policy Responses to Global Shocks, and the Relative Likelihood of Currency Crashes Versus Banking Crises." Journal of International Commerce, Economics and Policy 10, no. 02 (2019): 1950010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793993319500108.

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Shocks to global interest rates or risk cause capital outflows for countries outside the core of the global financial system. These outflows lead to downward pressure on exchange rates and financial sector stress, in addition to having general contractionary effects. To defend the exchange rate, the appropriate internal response is a fiscal/monetary contraction. To maintain full employment and financial stability, the appropriate internal response is fiscal/monetary expansion. The contradiction in these policy responses implies policymakers prioritize hitting either internal or external target

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Nolan, Kathleen, William Schmidt, and James Lane. "OHMSETT 2000: FISCAL YEAR IN REVIEW." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2001, no. 2 (2001): 1015–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2001-2-1015.

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ABSTRACT During fiscal year 2000, a series of, boom, skimmer, pump, and dispersant tests were performed at OHMSETT, the national oil spill response test facility. Spill response technology development and training sessions were also conducted. These projects were conducted by government organizations, including the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) Research and Development Center and the U.S. Navy Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center (USN ?FESC); research organizations such as Environment Canada, S.L. Ross Environmental Research, and the University of New Hampshire (UNH); and other private compan

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Edame, Greg Ekpung, Willie Wilfred Okoi, Aja, Accord Aja, Enya Ebonghor Ideba, Nelson Christopher, and Yoruba, Efe Felix. "Fiscal Decentralization and Social Service Delivery Policy Response in Nigeria." Journal of Economics, Management and Trade 29, no. 6 (2023): 27–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jemt/2023/v29i61097.

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This study examines the impact of fiscal decentralization on social delivery policy response in Nigeria, utilizing panel data for fourteen states in Nigeria for the period covering from 2000 to 2019. Specifically, this study evaluates the impact of fiscal autonomy on social indicators such as infant mortality rate, maternal mortality rate and adult literacy rate. The panel vector error correction mechanism (PVECM) the granger causality test was employed as the estimation techniques. The result of the granger causality test to determine the direction of causality relationship among the variable

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Jamroży, Marcin, and Aleksander Łożykowski. "Bilans zysków i kosztów działań uszczelniających polski system podatkowy w latach 2015–2019." Studia BAS 4, no. 64 (2020): 95–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.31268/studiabas.2020.32.

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The paper provides an assessment of measures aimed at tightening up the Polish tax system in 2015–2019. In particular, the positive fiscal effect of limiting the VAT and the CIT gaps as a response to legislative changes is to be noted. On the other hand, the effects of the measures aimed at tightening up the Polish tax system include the adjustment or compliance costs for enterprises and tax administration. Sealing the Polish tax system is an inherently long-term process which, in addition to the original fiscal purpose, constitutes a challenge for the legislator to avoid excessive fragmentati

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Dermine, Paul. "The EU’s Response to the COVID-19 Crisis and the Trajectory of Fiscal Integration in Europe: Between Continuity and Rupture." Legal Issues of Economic Integration 47, Issue 4 (2020): 337–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/leie2020020.

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This article offers a first analysis of the EU’s fiscal response to the COVID-19 crisis. Beyond an account of the main initiatives of which it is comprised (the suspension of the Stability and Growth Pact, the Support to mitigate Unemployment Risks in an Emergency (SURE) instrument and the recovery plan), it provides an assessment of this response’s position in, and likely influence on, the long-term trajectory of economic and fiscal integration in Europe. Analysing its main features and the core issues and challenges it raises, it identifies the elements of continuity and rupture which charac

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Alpysbayeva, S. N., S. Zh Shuneyev, N. N. Zhanakova, and K. Beisengazin. "Formation of Long-Term Fiscal Sustainability of Kazakhstan Using the Rule Structural Budget Balance." Economics: the strategy and practice 16, no. 3 (2021): 117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.51176/1997-9967-2021-3-117-127.

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The purpose of the study is to substantiate the potential of using the results of modeling potential GDP and estimating the output gap to comply with fiscal rules that are adequate for the corresponding economic cycle of the economy of Kazakhstan. The methods of economic, statistical, graphical, system, functional analysis, economic and mathematical modeling are applied. To achieve this goal, the analysis of Kazakhstan’s fiscal stability was carried out based on the assessment of Kazakhstan’s potential GDP and the calculation of output gaps, which were carried out based on the dynamic series m

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Beretta, Giorgio, and Gianluigi Bizioli. "COVID-19 and Fiscal Policies: Italy’s Tax and Fiscal Policy Measures at the Time of the COVID-19 Crisis: ‘Tax Peanuts’ Without a New Deal." Intertax 48, Issue 8/9 (2020): 761–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/taxi2020072.

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In this article, the authors offer a critical perspective on the main tax and fiscal policy measures introduced by Italy in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis. The article shows that the tax and fiscal policy measures enacted thus far by Italy are short-viewed, being narrowly addressed at cushioning the effects of the COVID-19 crisis without a long-term vision of how the tax system can be thoughtfully reshaped. If the current crisis is to be intended both as a challenge and an opportunity, the authors submit that a new deal is needed, including a comprehensive overhaul

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9

Kruś, Lech, and Irena Woroniecka-Leciejewicz. "Monetary-Fiscal Game Analyzed Using a Macroeconomic Model for Poland." Przegląd Statystyczny 64, no. 3 (2017): 285–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.0819.

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In the paper a monetary-fiscal game is formulated and analyzed. It describes interactions of the monetary and fiscal authorities. Each authority tries to achieve its own goal: the fiscal authority – assumed GDP growth, and the monetary authority – an inflation level. A macroeconomic model for the Polish economy has been formulated on the basis of the New Neoclassical Synthesis concept and respectively extended to describe effects of the fiscal instruments. The model parameters have been estimated using statistical data of the Polish economy from the period 2000–2014. A computer-based system ca

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Dakić, Milojica. "Global Financial Crisis – Policy Response." Journal of Central Banking Theory and Practice 3, no. 1 (2014): 9–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jcbtp-2014-0002.

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Abstract Six years after the outbreak of the financial crisis that had shaken the global financial system, experts and analysts all over the world continue discussing the effectiveness, scope and adequacy of mechanisms and measures implemented in the meantime, as well as the adequacy of the underlying theoretical concept. A global consent has been reached on ensuring financial stability through the interaction of monetary, fiscal and prudential policy to ensure the necessary macroprudential dimension of regulatory and supervisory frameworks. The USA crisis spilled over to Europe. Strong suppor

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11

Al-Hassan, Amna Shehab Ahmed. "Using the Induced Response Function to Measure and Analyze the Impact of Fiscal Policy Shocks on Some Macroeconomic Variables." International Journal of Professional Business Review 8, no. 5 (2023): e01128. http://dx.doi.org/10.26668/businessreview/2023.v8i5.1128.

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Purpose: The purpose of this research is to use the induced response function to measure and analyze the reality of the general budget and the trade balance and the impact of the flexible fiscal policy on some macroeconomic variables. Theoretical framework: The public finances after 2003 in Iraq were oriented towards consumerism, far from the orientations and objectives of economic policy, through the increase in commercial expenditures at the expense of investment expenditures, in contrast to the increase in the volume of imports of goods and services with the dominance of oil exports over th

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Kaske, Elisabeth. "Austerity in times of war: government finance in early nineteenth-century China." Financial History Review 25, no. 1 (2018): 71–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0968565017000300.

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Qing China represents a counterfactual to the early modern European history of fiscal expansion in the wake of warfare. In response to the staggering costs of suppressing the White Lotus Rebellion (1796–1804), the Jiaqing Emperor sought to solve the empire's fiscal problems by tightening bureaucratic control over an overstretched system of treasury finance. However, Jiaqing's policy of austerity and retrenchment was not simply an expedient in times of fiscal strain, but deeply rooted in ideological struggles over taxation that began in the eighteenth century. It was an expression of hardline f

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Sergey I., Grachev, and Klimchenkov Oleg I. "Recreation of the Direct Taxation System in the RSFSR (1921–1923)." Общество: философия, история, культура, no. 1 (January 22, 2025): 71–79. https://doi.org/10.24158/fik.2025.1.8.

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This scientific article examines the historical aspects of tax policy, as well as the organizational and tactical fea-tures involved in the reconstruction and establishment of the practice of direct taxation within the taxation sys-tem of the Soviet state during the initial period of the New Economic Policy (NEP) in the country. The replace-ment of the food and raw material requisitioning system with a natural tax was the state’s response to the dis-content expressed by workers and peasants regarding the prevailing economic policies. The Soviet state builds its taxation system primarily on the

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14

Propheter, Geoffrey, and Melissa Mata. "Local Government Fiscal Early Warning Surveys: Lessons From COVID-19." Journal of Public and Nonprofit Affairs 7, no. 1 (2021): 29–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.20899/jpna.7.1.29-45.

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Yang (2020) recently argued for enhanced evidence–based decision making during sudden and widespread economic shocks such as the COVID-19 pandemic, but he lamented the difficulty of acquiring such data in a timely manner. One strategy is to implement an early warning survey system. This article describes Colorado’s experience with a survey the state administered to local government officials shortly after the governor’s stay-at-home order. The state used the survey to inform its fiscal response policies. We describe the advantages and challenges of using surveys as a statewide, rapid informati

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Logvynenko, Mykola, Svitlana Taran, and Alyona Klochko. "FISCAL POLICY OF UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION: ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTATION." Journal of International Legal Communication 9, no. 2 (2023): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.32612/uw.27201643.2023.9.pp.56-66.

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The relevance of the chosen issue is due to the fact that in the face of negative external and internal factors, the economic system of the state is under threat of destruction, which requires an appropriate response from the state authorities. Therefore, in order to overcome or minimize these challenges, as well as to promote healthy macroeconomic environment, fiscal policy can be used as a powerful tool for regulating economic activity. The purpose of the article is to analyze the institutional problems of implementing fiscal policy in Ukraine in the context of European integration. The syst

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El-Khishin, Sarah, and Mohamed Zaky. "The impact of budgetary and political institutions on fiscal cyclicality: Evidence from Egypt." Journal of Governance and Regulation 10, no. 3 (2021): 72–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/jgrv10i3art6.

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We investigate the cyclicality of fiscal policy in Egypt during the period of 1976–2019 with a focus on how budgetary and political institutions affect fiscal performance during economic cycles. We define new variables for budgetary and political institutions and incorporate them in a vector error correction model (VECM) and impulse response functions (IRFs) analysis. While current and capital spending are proven to behave procyclically, revenues respond countercyclically during business cycles. Poor political and budgetary institutions have a negative impact on the primary deficit in a way th

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17

DZIUBLIUK, Oleksandr. "THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF MONETARY AND FISCAL POLICY COORDINATION AS A NECESSARY CONDITION FOR ENSURING MACROFINANCIAL STABILITY." WORLD OF FINANCE, no. 2(79) (2024): 08–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/sf2024.02.008.

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Introduction. Monetary and fiscal policy are the main levers of the state's influence on the economy when prompt response to a crisis caused by internal or external shocks is required. This determines the importance of theoretical substantiation of the main aspects of coordination of monetary and fiscal regulation, when the coordinated work of key state institutions is important. The purpose of the article is to clarificate the main theoretical aspects and practical mechanisms of implementing the monetary and fiscal policy of the state through the prism of interaction and coordination of the i

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Stepanova, Olena. "COVID-19 pandemic and fiscal sustainability." Economy and forecasting 2020, no. 2 (2020): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/econforecast2020.02.005.

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The article deals with the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the financing of the health care system, and the main challenges to the stability of the financial mechanisms of post-pandemic health care development have been identified. The author substantiates the peculiarities of the crisis of health care financing in the conditions of the current pandemic, further economic recession and decreased fiscal sustainability. The global practice of fiscal response to the manifestations of the COVID-19 pandemic has been systematized and the volumes of the corresponding financing in the countries with

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Li, Yutong. "Research on the Response to Crisis, Inflation, and Economic Development." Transactions on Economics, Business and Management Research 14 (December 23, 2024): 102–7. https://doi.org/10.62051/e4e5pr06.

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Around 2008, due to the subprime mortgage crisis and the real estate market crisis, a large number of banks in the United States and even the world went bankrupt. This has led to a sharp rise in the unemployment rate and a sharp decline in the per capita GDP of the United States. As a result, the United States and the global economy fell into a severe recession, which became known as the 2008 financial crisis. Faced with the financial crisis, the US government has adopted different measures and policies. Although these measures did restore economic conditions to some extent, they also had a ne

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20

Du, Runping, and Qingxiao Du. "Adaptive Financial Policies and Economic Resilience: China's Response to COVID-19 Pandemic Disruptions and Market Stability." International Journal of Global Economics and Management 6, no. 3 (2025): 92–96. https://doi.org/10.62051/ijgem.v6n3.13.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has had profound economic consequences globally, and China’s response to the crisis, through strict public health measures and adaptive financial policies, offers valuable insights into managing market instability. This article examines the financial and economic disruptions caused by the pandemic in China, with a focus on the stock market, bond market, SMEs, and commodity prices. While the stringent lockdowns, particularly in Shanghai, exacerbated market volatility, China’s proactive fiscal and monetary measures, including liquidity injections and targeted fiscal relief,

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Vujović, Dušan. "The impact of digital money on monetary and fiscal policy." Ekonomika preduzeca 71, no. 1-2 (2023): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/ekopre2302065v.

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Digital money era is in full swing. It has already changed the structure of the global monetary system. Like industrial revolutions of the past few centuries, the digital money revolution is based on: (i) new IT and accounting technology (crypto algorithms, distributed ledger technology, internet, and deep penetration of smart phones), and (ii) demand for greater financial inclusion, and for more efficient financial services. The advent of unregulated private mobile money with more than 4 billion users and trillions of dollars in financial transaction has awakened fears of monetary system inst

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Demianyshyn, Vasyl, Fedir Tkachyk, and Mariia Sishchuk. "The practice of forming and strengthening the fiscal potential of local budgets in Ukraine." Economic Analysis, no. 34(3) (2024): 274–85. https://doi.org/10.35774/econa2024.03.274.

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Introduction. The formation of the revenue side of local budgets under martial law in Ukraine is one of the key tasks for effective local government in territorial communities. They must establish effective cooperation with state authorities, particularly the State Tax Service of Ukraine, international institutions, specialized (public) organizations dealing with budget and tax administration issues, and business entities – taxpayers – to build sufficient fiscal potential in local budgets and ensure the sustainable development of territorial communities. It is necessary to substantiate ways of

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Belal, Ibrahim A. Mohammed, and Sumaya Awad Khader Ahmed. "Impact Of Fiscal Policy Shocks On Official Versus Parallel Exchange Rate Of Sudan: Under Long-Term Economic Sanction And South Sudan Reverondum (1997-2017)." ABC Research Alert 6, no. 1 (2018): Sudan. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/ra.v6i1.327.

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We analyze the impact of fiscal policy shocks on official and parallel exchange rates in Sudan under two extreme circumstances over the period1997-2017, using standard structural VAR framework, supported by Impulse Response Function IRFs to investigate the performance and transitory shocks on exchange rate systems, at first the stationary of the variables is obtained to avoid the specious of the model. The result of long run analysis shows that lag fiscal policy expressed by LGt; lag official exchange rate (Loexrt) and lag economic openness( Leopent) have significant positive impact on paralle

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MAKOHON, Valentyna. "Сoordination of fiscal and monetary policy in Ukraine". Scientia fructuosa 154, № 2 (2024): 4–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31617/1.2024(154)01.

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In the conditions of uncertainty and economic instability, the issue of researching approaches to strengthening the coordination of fiscal and monetary policy is becoming relevant. The aim of the research is to justify directions for strengthening the coordination of fiscal and monetary policy of Ukraine. It is hypothesized that the level of fiscal and monetary policy coordination determines the country’s ability to ensure macroeconomic stability. Special and general scientific methods were used: system approach, theoretical generalization, induction and deduction, statistical, scientific abst

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Ismail, Muhammad, and Fazal Husain. "Fiscal Discretion and Its Impact on Pakistan Economy." Pakistan Development Review 51, no. 4II (2012): 339–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v51i4iipp.339-364.

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Macroeconomics addresses output, employment and price fluctuations during business cycles. Business cycles which capture variation in economic activity emerge generally due to instable investment, frequent changes in money and credit through banking system and unmanageable haphazard proceedings of wars or political instability. Business cycles inherent features of mixed economic system where households and businesses composed of different motivations spend and produce, differ in their respective economic activities. The occurrence of this difference results in creation of waves in economic act

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Wang, Bo, and Wanrong Deng. "Fiscal Decentralization and County Natural Poverty: A Multidimensional Study Based on a BP Neural Network." Sustainability 15, no. 18 (2023): 13567. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151813567.

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To achieve the goal of long-term stable poverty reduction, it is necessary to implement not only economic poverty reduction but also natural poverty reduction and formulate a green and sustainable economic growth pattern, and finance is an effective means to affect economic poverty reduction and natural poverty reduction. This paper innovatively calculates the natural poverty index of 1712 county administrative units in China based on BP neural network and combines relevant county data to investigate the impact of county fiscal decentralization on natural poverty and its transmission mechanism

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Ali, Usman, Nisar Ahmad, and Bilal Nafees. "Determinants of Tax Evasion Attitude of Individuals: Evidence from a Country Facing Fiscal Turmoil." Contemporary Issues in Social Sciences and Management Practices 2, no. 3 (2023): 347–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.61503/cissmp.v2i3.88.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the determinants of tax evasion attitudes of individuals in Pakistan. Data is collected through survey questionnaires distributed to individual taxpayers in Lahore, Pakistan. For data collection, 300 hundred questionnaires were distributed to individual taxpayers through Tax Consultants, and a Google form quiz link was also shared on social media. A total of 267 responses with a response rate of 66.75% were found duly filled and fit for data analysis. Correlation and regression analysis were performed on the collected data in Smart PLS software to hi

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Arsic, Milojko. "The quest for macroeconomic stability under sanctions and weak state." Panoeconomicus 69, no. 2 (2022): 205–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan2202205a.

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The inadequate response of the state to the collapse of the monetary system of the former Yugoslavia and the introduction of UN sanctions resulted in one of the longest and largest hyperinflations in economic history. The stabilisation programme, implemented at the end of January 1994, led to an almost immediate halt to hyperinflation, which enabled the recovery of the monetary and fiscal system, the growth of economic activity, and consequently the growth of citizens? standard of living. The programme had limited economic reach because political actors failed to implement fiscal consolidation

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Boix, Carles. "Partisan Governments, the International Economy, and Macroeconomic Policies in Advanced Nations, 1960–93." World Politics 53, no. 1 (2000): 38–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043887100009370.

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This article examines the impact of parties, domestic institutions, and the international economy on the conduct of monetary and fiscal policies using time-series cross-section data from nineteen OECD countries for the years between 1960 and the mid-1990s. The results are as follows. Partisan governments have affected, alone and in interaction with the organization of labor markets, the pattern of macroeconomic management. Still, their impact has varied over time, partly as a function of economic conditions but fundamentally as a function of the degree of financial liberalization and the excha

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Panzaru, Ciprian, Sorin Belea, and Laura Jianu. "Delayed Taxation and Macroeconomic Stability: A Dynamic IS–LM Model with Memory Effects." Economies 13, no. 7 (2025): 208. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies13070208.

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This study develops a dynamic IS-LM macroeconomic model that incorporates delayed taxation and a memory-dependent income effect, and calibrates it to quarterly data for Romania (2000–2023). Within this framework, fiscal policy lags are modelled using a “memory” income variable that weights past incomes, an approach grounded in distributed lag theory to capture how historical economic conditions influence current dynamics. The model is analysed both analytically and through numerical simulations. We derive stability conditions and employ bifurcation analysis to explore how the timing of taxatio

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Purnomo, Chessa Ario Jani, Isnu Harjo Prayitno, and Dian Ekawati. "Menelaah Narasi Kebijakan Pajak Daerah Dalam UU No. 1 Tahun 2022: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur." Nagari Law Review 5, no. 2 (2022): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/nalrev.v.5.i.2.p.128-141.2022.

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The development of a local tax system is one of the policy themes of Law No. 1 of 2022. However, Law No. 1 of 2022 focuses exclusively on material tax law, such as adjustments to local tax tariffs, and makes no reference to formal tax law, such as the renewal of regional tax collecting methods. Whereas tax law can theoretically be classified into two categories, namely material tax law and formal tax law. The article employs a legal doctrinal method with a conceptual approach. This article advances the theoretical argument that fiscal decentralization is top-down in nature, that changes in loc

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Битаров, Х. В., and З. С. Азиева. "The system of government regulation of the economy in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic." Экономика и предпринимательство, no. 6(131) (August 9, 2021): 212–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.34925/eip.2021.131.6.038.

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В данной статье рассматривается система государственного регулирования экономики в условиях пандемии COVID-19. Анализируются меры реагирования бюджетно-налоговой и денежно-кредитной политики страны, даются рекомендации по их составлению и эффективной реализации. Главной целью государственного регулирования в кризисных условиях ставится достижение экономической устойчивости страны. This article examines the system of government regulation of the economy in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The response measures of the country's fiscal and monetary policy are analyzed, recommendations are gi

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Roebber, Paul J., and G. Richard Meadows. "Simulating Alternative Approaches to Addressing Fiscal Resource Tensions and Quality in U.S. Public Higher Education." Journal of Education Finance 38, no. 1 (2012): 81–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jef.2012.a483950.

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Severe fiscal tensions threaten U.S. public higher education. Many policy solutions have been suggested, but it is difficult to subject these qualitative ideas to rigorous empirical evaluation. In this work, we employ an agent-based model of a representative state-funded public university system (including a flagship campus, an urban campus, and several regional-comprehensive campuses) to examine approaches aimed at optimizing institutional performance in an era of declining state funding. These options include imposing fiscal austerity in staff compensation, incentivizing faculty productivity

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Joseph, Johncy, Corinna Sicoutris, and Steven E. Raper. "Communication Skills Training for Surgical Inpatient Advanced Practice Providers in an Academic Health-Care System." Journal of Patient Experience 7, no. 1 (2018): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2374373518809011.

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Background: Good communication skills enhance the patient experience, clinical outcomes, and patient satisfaction. Objective: A course was developed by an interdisciplinary team (surgeon, nurse practitioner, and nurse MBA) for advanced practice providers (APPs) working for the department of surgery—a mix of practice and hospital-employed professionals—to enhance communications skills in an inpatient setting. Methods: Current concepts on provider–patient communication were discussed. Participants also asked to view and critique a video “provider–patient communication gone wrong” scenario. Lastl

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McAlpine, R. S., and K. G. Hirsch. "An overview of LEOPARDS: The Level of Protection Analysis System." Forestry Chronicle 75, no. 4 (1999): 615–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc75615-4.

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The Level of Protection Analysis System (LEOPARDS) allows the structured assessment of the outcomes and costs associated with alternative fire management policies, budgets, and suppression resource mixes. Its primary component is a deterministic, spatially conscious simulation model that emulates the daily fire suppression activities of a provincial fire management agency. Inputs for the model include historical fire weather and fire occurrence data, land-use objectives and operational rules, and infrastructure and suppression resource information. The model estimates physical outcomes (e.g.,

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Palomas, Arlen. "Digital Financial Stewardship and Fiscal Sustainability in Higher Education Institutions: A Predictive Study Using Exploratory Factor Analysis." Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal 41, no. 7 (2025): 863–71. https://doi.org/10.70838/pemj.410710.

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In response to growing financial pressures and accountability demands, higher education institutions (HEIs) are increasingly adopting digital technologies to modernize financial operations. However, limited empirical evidence exists on how financial technology (FinTech) adoption and strategic finance alignment predict fiscal sustainability within academic institutions, particularly in emerging contexts such as the Philippines. This study introduces the concept of digital financial stewardship to bridge this gap, positioning FinTech as a strategic asset for institutional resilience. A predictiv

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Kostovyat, Hanna, and Hanna Kucherova. "Analysis of Macroeconomic Risks During War: The Role of Financial Institutions and State Policy Under Conditions of Incomplete Data." Porta Universorum 1, no. 4 (2025): 122–37. https://doi.org/10.69760/portuni.0104012.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of Ukraine’s macroeconomic risks during wartime and the role of financial institutions in stabilizing the economy. It examines key challenges such as the destabilization of the financial system, rising public debt, the shadow economy, inflationary risks, export decline, and cyber threats. The main directions of state policy aimed at reducing macroeconomic instability are identified, including support for fiscal discipline, attraction of international financial aid, and expansion of cybersecurity mechanisms. The article analyzes the dynamics of key indicat

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Zhao, Zikai, Chao Liu, Wenye Chang, and Yangjun Ren. "Comprehensive Resilience Assessment and Obstacle Analysis of Cities Based on the PSR-TOPSIS Model: A Case Study of Jiangsu Cities." Land 14, no. 7 (2025): 1437. https://doi.org/10.3390/land14071437.

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As global urbanization accelerates amidst compounding risks, comprehensive urban resilience assessment has emerged as a pivotal issue in optimizing risk governance pathways. Grounded in the Pressure–State–Response (PSR) theoretical framework, this study constructs a multidimensional evaluation system for comprehensive urban resilience. Through the integration of a combined weighting method and the TOPSIS model, we systematically measure resilience levels across 13 prefecture-level cities in Jiangsu Province, with the obstacle degree model employed to identify critical resilience constraints. T

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Shlapak, A. "GLOBAL INSTABILITY THROUGH THE PRISM OF FINANCIAL, FISCAL AND MONETARY DOMINATION: DILLEMAS OF REGULATORY POLICY ON THE INTERNATIONAL SCALE." Vìsnik Marìupolʹsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu Serìâ Ekonomìka 13, no. 25 (2023): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.34079/2226-2822-2023-13-25-35-44.

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The article argues that the uniqueness of the manifestations of global instability in 2023 lies in the combination of challenges facing regulators in the monetary, fiscal and financial spheres, caused by a set of measures to stimulate economic activity countercyclically in response to the pandemic, which had a significant and unconditionally systemic effect, which affected on the growth of inflationary pressure on the world economy and the formation of signs of a recession in the leading centers of economic power. Despite the fact that as the crisis worsens, more and more attention will be pai

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McGrath, Gabrielle. "THE IMPACT OF NATIONAL INCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM TRAINING REQUIREMENTS ON THE PRIVATE SECTOR." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2008, no. 1 (2008): 771–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2008-1-771.

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ABSTRACT In the National Incident Management System (NIMS) Document dated March 1, 2004, all federal, state, local, tribal, private sector and non-governmental personnel with a direct role in emergency management and response were required to be NIMS and Incident Command System (ICS) trained. National standards for qualification and certification of emergency response personnel were established under NIMS to ensure that personnel possess the minimum knowledge, skills, and experience necessary to execute incident management and emergency response activities safely and effectively. Most recently

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Vértesy, László, and Dóra Gyakovácz. "The Law and Concept of Fiscal Devolution in the United Kingdom." Jogelméleti Szemle, no. 4 (January 30, 2024): 104–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.59558/jesz.2023.4.104.

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Fiscal devolution is a multifaceted and evolving concept that plays a pivotal role in the governance of the United Kingdom, which is still under an ongoing development process. At the end of the 1990s the subnational governments achieved various stages of autonomy since the 1998 devolution acts, which ratified the administrative and fiscal devolution, provide the formal structure for revenue-raising and expenditure powers. The devolutionary process was facilitated after the Great Recession, assigning different income raising and welfare authorities to Scotland and Wales, while the same progres

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Vértesy, László, and Dóra Gyakovácz. "The Law and Concept of Fiscal Devolution in the United Kingdom." Jogelméleti Szemle, no. 4 (June 5, 2023): 104–29. https://doi.org/10.59558/jesz.2023.4.104.

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Fiscal devolution is a multifaceted and evolving concept that plays a pivotal role in the governance of the United Kingdom, which is still under an ongoing development process. At the end of the 1990s the subnational governments achieved various stages of autonomy since the 1998 devolution acts, which ratified the administrative and fiscal devolution, provide the formal structure for revenue-raising and expenditure powers. The devolutionary process was facilitated after the Great Recession, assigning different income raising and welfare authorities to Scotland and Wales, while the same progres

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Wang, Chun, Jie Cao, and Ximing Chen. "Tax substitution: The impact of home-purchase restrictions on corporate tax burden." Journal of Social Economics Research 11, no. 2 (2024): 200–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/35.v11i2.3669.

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The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between local fiscal pressure and the actual tax burden of enterprises. Using China’s home-purchase restriction policy as a quasi-experiment, this study assesses the impact of the policy on firms’ tax burdens in affected areas and researches the relationship between local fiscal pressure and the actual tax burden of enterprises. Drawing from 2006-2014 financial data of Chinese listed companies and using a difference-in-differences approach, the findings show: (1) the policy significantly improved the actual tax burden of enterprises an

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Farmer, Jayce L., and Andres J. Rodriguez Lombeida. "How State Interventions affect Municipalities Taking the Lead in Sustainability." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (2021): 6479. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116479.

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The state and local governments throughout the United States interact within a complex system of multilevel governance to advance sustainability. However, we know little about what this hierarchical system of exchanges means for municipalities as they work to achieve energy efficient government operations. Drawing on a perspective of “contested federalism”, we examine how the transaction costs of state–local government relations affect the efforts of U.S. cities to lead by example and promote sustainability within their internal processes. We apply a Bayesian item response theory approach to a

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Strezhneva, M. V. "Make-up of fiscal integration in the European Union." Полис. Политические исследования, no. 2 (March 27, 2024): 151–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17976/jpps/2024.02.11.

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The present article aims to expose current trends in fiscal integration in the EU. Its milestones are brought forward, with particular attention being paid to the “NextGenerationEU” recovery plan, the latter constituting Brussels' key response to the socio-economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The article evaluates whether this program is going to remain a temporary phenomenon and to what extent it can define the “new normal” for the Economic and Monetary Union. Due to the Ukrainian crisis, the suggestions are spelled out more insistently to provide Brussels with “fiscal capacity” o

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Siddiqui, Azizah F., Manuel Wiederkehr, Liudmila Rozanova, and Antoine Flahault. "Situation of India in the COVID-19 Pandemic: India’s Initial Pandemic Experience." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 23 (2020): 8994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238994.

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In this article, we investigate the impact of COVID-19 through screening and surveillance methods adopted in India, as well as the potential health system, social, political, and economic consequences. The research was done in a chronological manner, and data was collected between 30 January 2020 till 12 June 2020. Initial containment measures, including point of entry screenings and testing protocols, appeared insufficient. However, testing capacity was gradually expanded after the commencement of a nation-wide lockdown. Modeling predictions have shown varying results on the emergence of case

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ROMÁN, JOSÉ ANTONIO SÁNCHEZ. "Shaping Taxation: Economic Elites and Fiscal Decision-Making in Argentina, 1920–1945." Journal of Latin American Studies 40, no. 1 (2008): 83–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x07003641.

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AbstractThis article deals with the process of decision-making in the sphere of taxation in Argentina between 1920 and 1945, focusing on the possible influence of the economic elites in that process. Given the central role of decisions over taxation in any fiscal policy and the momentous transformations that occurred in the Argentine system during this period, analysis of this subject can provide a better understanding of the political role that economic elites in Argentina played between the first presidency of Hipólito Yrigoyen (1916–22) and the ascent of Juan Domingo Perón to the presidency

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Woźniakowski, Tomasz P. "No Borrowing Without Taxing? Fiscal Solidarity of Next Generation EU in Light of the American Experience." Politics and Governance 11, no. 4 (2023): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/pag.v11i4.7233.

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This article argues that the EU response to the pandemic, the Next Generation EU (NGEU), dubbed a “Hamiltonian moment” for Europe, can be better understood if compared to the US under the Articles of Confederation. The key aspect of the original Hamiltonian moment was the assumption of states’ debts after the Union was given tax power. None of this happened with the NGEU. The EU was not given any significant new sources of revenue, apart from some environmental levies, and was only allowed to borrow more on the financial markets to finance new fiscal solidarity mechanisms. In the US, this kind

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Sun, Yiwen. "Causes of Japanese Real Estate Bubble and Post-crisis Policy Analysis." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 174, no. 1 (2025): 177–82. https://doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/2025.21862.

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In the late 1980s and early 1990s, Japan experienced a serious real estate bubble bursting and economic crisis. The crisis had a profound impact on the Japanese economy and led to the so-called "lost decade." Starting from the formation mechanism of the Japanese real estate bubble, this paper analyzes the economic and policy causes behind it, including monetary easing, insufficient supervision and speculative psychology. After the bubble burst, the Japanese government adopted a series of monetary and fiscal policies in response to the crisis, for example, lowering interest rates, implementing

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Martinus Sony Erstiawan. "Analisis Tantangan dan Respon Pemangku Kepentingan terhadap Implementasi Sistem Coretax di Indonesia : Analisis Content Media." GEMILANG: Jurnal Manajemen dan Akuntansi 5, no. 2 (2025): 304–24. https://doi.org/10.56910/gemilang.v5i2.1969.

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The launch of the Coretax system by the Directorate General of Taxes (DGT) represents a significant step in Indonesia's tax modernization, aiming to streamline administration and boost efficiency. However, its initial implementation faced severe technical issues, leading to substantial disruptions. This study analyzes the challenges encountered, evaluates stakeholder responses (government, businesses, consultants), identifies the causes of technical failures, and assesses the impact on business operations, tax revenue, and compliance. Using qualitative content analysis, 66 news summaries from

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