Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fischer synthesis

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Fischer synthesis'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 13 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Fischer synthesis"

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Luo, Mingsheng, Hussein Hamdeh, and Burtron H. Davis. "Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis." Catalysis Today 140, no. 3-4 (February 2009): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2008.10.004.

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Jacobs, Gary, Tapan K. Das, Patricia M. Patterson, Jinlin Li, Luc Sanchez, and Burtron H. Davis. "Fischer–Tropsch synthesis XAFS." Applied Catalysis A: General 247, no. 2 (July 2003): 335–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0926-860x(03)00107-8.

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Kaga, Atsushi, Tomohiro Fukushima, Jun Shimokawa, and Masato Kitamura. "Photoredox Fischer Indole Synthesis." Synthesis 51, no. 17 (May 9, 2019): 3214–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1611535.

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Visible light photoredox conditions were applied to the traditional Fischer indole synthesis. N,N-Diarylhydrazones were efficiently converted into the corresponding indoles even at 30 °C by treatment with bromotrichloromethane in the presence of Ru(bpy)3Cl2·6H2O as the photocatalyst. Electrochemical study revealed the viability of oxidative quenching cycle for the photocatalysis, which set the basis for proposing the redox-based reaction mechanism.
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Parkyns, N. D. "The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis." Fuel 65, no. 4 (April 1986): 599. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(86)90058-x.

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Wu, Hua-Kun, Fan Zhang, Jing-Yu Li, Zi-Rong Tang, and Yi-Jun Xu. "Photo-driven Fischer–Tropsch synthesis." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 8, no. 46 (2020): 24253–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ta09097b.

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Photo-driven Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) provides a attractive and sustainable alternative compared to traditional FTS. This minireview expatiates the recent advances of various metal-based catalysts for photo-driven FTS.
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Maklad, Noha. "ChemInform Abstract: Fischer Oxazole Synthesis." ChemInform 43, no. 19 (April 12, 2012): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201219242.

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Guettel, R., U. Kunz, and T. Turek. "Reactors for Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis." Chemical Engineering & Technology 31, no. 5 (May 2008): 746–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ceat.200800023.

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El Kaïm, Laurent, Laurence Grimaud, and Caroline Ronsseray. "Three-Component Fischer Indole Synthesis." Synlett 2010, no. 15 (August 12, 2010): 2296–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1258037.

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Enger, Bjørn Christian, and Anders Holmen. "Nickel and Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis." Catalysis Reviews 54, no. 4 (October 2012): 437–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01614940.2012.670088.

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Kliger, G. A., O. A. Lesik, A. I. Mikaya, �. V. Marchevskaya, V. G. Zaikin, L. S. Glebov, and S. M. Loktev. "Piperidine-modified fischer-tropsch synthesis." Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR Division of Chemical Science 40, no. 2 (February 1991): 435–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00965446.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fischer synthesis"

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Shah, Rashed. "Zeolite-Modified Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10738.

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The improvement of the gasoline selectivity and quality with the addition of HZSM-5 to the Fe-FT process is evident from literature. The catalytic performance of the combined Fe-FT/HZSM-5 system has been observed to decline with time-on-stream, attributed to the migration of alkali from the Fe-FT catalyst tothe HZSM-5 zeolite. The catalytic performance of the combined Fe-FT/HZSM-5system has, however, been observed to considerably decline with time-on-stream, aphenomenon which has been attributed to the migration of alkali from the Fe-FT catalyst to he HZSM-5 zeolite. The objective of this study is to characterize and confirm the reported performance of the Fe-FT and combined Fe-FT/HZSM-5 catalyst systems in a stirred from top internal recycle reactor under typical high temperature FT conditions.
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Perry, Derek Michael. "FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS IN SUPERCRITICAL PHASE CARBON DIOXIDE." OpenSIUC, 2009. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/155.

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The Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis reaction is an increasingly valuable tool that produces very clean alternative fuels for the transportation and other industries. By utilizing a ready supply of syngas (H2 and CO mixture) from coal, natural gas, or a biomass source, the catalyzed reaction looks to be a promising alternative which could potentially end dependency on imported petroleum. The supercritical phase FT synthesis reaction has shown, in numerous other studies, to possess superior heat transfer capabilities, high desorption rates from the catalyst surface (enhancing catalyst life), and overall high mass transfer rates of hydrocarbon products, when compared with conventional gas and liquid phase results. Prior studies at SIUC have shown that the use of supercritical CO2 as a medium for the Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis reaction enhances reaction rates while suppressing excess CO2 production. This phenomena was observed in gas phase batch reactions, meaning never before has a continuous flow FT synthesis with analysis of the liquid product distribution been attempted while using CO2 as the supercritical-phase medium. This project verifies the conclusions in a continuous flow mode, allowing for the collection and analysis of a liquid fraction. Additionally, this study evaluates the changes in the liquid product distribution for a variation of operating pressures including supercritical-phase reaction conditions, using pressures of 350, 800, 1000, and 1200psi and temperatures of 250, 300, and 350°C. The findings show that the influence of carbon dioxide enhance product distribution to yield a higher diesel fraction (C13 to C15), when compared to results without carbon dioxide as a medium, which favor gasoline fraction (C7 to C9). The findings also illustrate that operating in the supercritical region enhances product distribution, but depending on the solvent density, could potentially produce large amounts of oxygenates (alcohols, ketones) in the product distribution.
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Yates, Ian C. (Ian Charles). "The slurry-phase Fischer-Tropsch synthesis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13757.

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Lee, Hyun-Jung. "Optimization of Fischer-Tropsch plant." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/optimization-of-fischertropsch-plant(236736b1-dae6-41ea-a234-576d226beff1).html.

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Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is the technology for converting fuel feedstocks such as natural gas and coal into transportation fuels and heavy hydrocarbons. There is scope for research and development into integrated processes utilising synthesis gas for the production of a wide range of hydrocarbons. For this purpose there should be strategies for the development of Fischer-Tropsch processes, which consider both economic and technological feasibilities. The aim of this study was to optimize Fischer Tropsch Plants in order to produce gasoline and gas oil by investigating the benefits of recycling & co-feeding of unconverted gas, undesired compounds, and lighter hydrocarbons over iron-based catalysts in order to save on capital and operating costs. This involved development of FT models for both two-phase and three-phase reactors. The kinetic parameters for these models were estimated using optimization with MATLAB fitting to experimental data and these models were then applied to ASPEN HYSYS flowsheets in order to simulate nine different Fischer-Tropsch plant designs. The methodology employed involved qualitative modelling using Driving Force Analysis (DFA) which indicates the necessity of each compound for the Fischer-Tropsch reactions and mechanism. This also predicts each compounds influence on the selectivity of different products for both two-phase and three-phase reactors and for both pure feeding and co-feeding arrangements. In addition, the kinetic models for both two-phase and three-phase reactor were modified to account for parameters such as the size of catalyst particles, reactor diameter and the type of active sites used on the catalyst in order to understand and quantify their effects. The kinetic models developed can describe the hydrocarbon distributions consistently and accurately over large ranges of reaction conditions (480-710K, 0.5-2.5MPa, and H2/CO ratio: 0.5-2.5) over an iron-based catalyst for once-through processes. The effect of recycling and co-feeding on the iron-based catalyst was also investigated in the two reactor types. It was found that co-feeding unwanted compounds to synthesis gas increases the production of hydrocarbons. This recycling and co-feeding led to an increase in H2/CO feed ratio and increased selectivity towards C5+ products in addition to a slightly increased production of light hydrocarbons (C1-C4). Finally, the qualitative model is compared with the quantitative models for both two-phase and three-phase reactors and using both pure feeding and co-feeding with the same reactor conditions. According to the detailed quantitative models developed, in order to maximize hydrocarbon production pressures of 2MPa, temperatures of 450K and a H2/CO feed ratio of 2:1 are required. The ten different Fischer-Tropsch plant cases were based on Fischer-Tropsch process. FT reactor models were built in ASPEN HYSYS and validated with real FT plant data. The results of the simulation and optimization supported the proposed process plant changes suggested by qualitative analysis of the different components influence. The plants involving recycling and co-feeding were found to produce higher quantities of gasoline and gas oil. The proposed heuristic regarding the economic scale of the optimized model was also evaluated and the capital cost of the optimized FT plant reduced comparison with the real FT plant proposed by Gerard. Therefore, the recycling and co-feeding to FT reactor plant was the best efficiency to produce both gasoline and gas oil.
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Chanenchuk, Claire Ann. "Catalyst systems for the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13140.

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Donnelly, Timothy Joseph. "Product distributions of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14331.

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Pokhrel, Sewa. "FISCHER- TROPSCH SYNTHESIS ON FUNCTIONALIZED CARBON NANOTUBES." OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1408.

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The aim of this research was to investigate the role of chemical functionalization on carbon nanotubes surfaces and its effect on FT catalysis. Multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) were first treated with acid (HCl) to remove the residual metal particles and were then functionalized using H2O2 and HNO3 to introduce oxygen-containing groups to the MWNT surface. These treatments also add defects on MWNT surface. Morphological analyses were performed on the MWNT samples with TEM and it was found that the peroxide and acid treated MWNTs showed an increase oxygen functional groups and created additional surface defects on the MWNTs. Results of FT experiments showed enhanced CO conversion, FT activity and product selectivity towards liquid hydrocarbons due to functionalization. The liquid selectivity was found to be significantly high for H2O2 treated catalyst. HNO3 treated catalyst had highest activity although selectivity to methane and CO2 was found higher than the H2O2 treated catalyst. It was observed that the chemical treatments increase the carbon chain length of the produced hydrocarbons. While comparing hydrocarbon distribution of as-produced and H2O2 treated MWNT, it was found that carbon-chain length increases for peroxide treated catalyst. Along with as-produced and functionalized nanotube, FT experiments were also conducted using B-doped sponge, un-doped sponge and N-doped CNT catalyst. B-doped sponge showed enhanced CO conversion and FT activity as compared to un-doped sponge. Conversion and product selectivity were found to be affected by temperature when test was conducted with N-CNT. Operating conditions like temperature, syngas feed flow rate and syngas ratio were also to impact the FT performance.
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Mabaso, Evans Itai. "Nanosized iron crystallites for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8736.

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Includes bibliographical references (p. 131-148).
Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is the production of hydrocarbons from CO and H2. The catalytically active metals for industrial application are cobalt and iron. In this work iron-based catalysts were studied. To ensure maximum metal utilisation and therefore a high weight specific catalytic activity, the metal crystallites should possess large specific surface areas and that is only achievable with small metal crystallites. However, a minimum crystallite size might exist below which catalyst activity drops. Consequently, in order to investigate the role of crystallite size on the stability, the activity and selectivity of iron based catalysts, supported catalysts with a known narrow metal crystallite size distribution were prepared via precipitation in water-in-oil microemulsions in which water-to-surfactant ratio was the main design parameter. The study was subdivided into firstly characterisation of a suitable water-in-oil microemulsion system. Secondly preparation of nanosized oxidic iron crystallites with controlled crystallite size via precipitation in water-in-oil microemulsion. Thirdly preparation of the supported catalyst using the same but selected microemulsion systems. Finally catalyst testing under Fischer-Tropsch reaction conditions in a fixed bed reactor. A strictly linear relationship between water-to-surfactant ratio and crystallite size was observed. The catalyst preparation technique for unsupported iron oxides resulted in uniform nanocrystallites tailored to a size range of 2-16 nm. The morphology of the crystallites on supports remained largely unchanged upon reductive pretreatment. This made catalysts prepared in microemulsions ideally suitable for investigating the effect of crystallite size during Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.
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Pardo-Tarifa, Fatima. "Cobalt catalyst supports for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemivetenskap (CHE), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-215121.

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In the Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis, CO and H2 (synthesis gas) are converted into hydrocarbons that can be further upgraded to high-quality fuels and chemicals. Different carbon sources such as natural gas, coal and biomass can be used as feed-stocks for the synthesis gas. In commercial applications, supported cobalt catalysts are commonly used in the FT synthesis, especially when the synthesis gas emanates from natural gas and when the desired final product is diesel. The activity and selectivity of a cobalt catalyst is dependent on several parameters, one of them being the support. The present thesis is focused on the design, synthesis and characterization of alumina and silica materials (with and without Ce and Zr promoters) with non-conventional morphology, and evaluation of their feasibility as cobalt supports in the FT synthesis. Ce- and Zr-alumina nanoparticles were synthesized by co-precipitation in water-in-oil microemulsion. The obtained product is amorphous alumina with highly dispersed promoters, resulting in strong cobalt-support interactions and low cobalt reducibility. By increasing the calcination temperature of the Ce-promoted support, crystalline CeO2 is obtained which apparently increases the cobalt reducibility and thereby the catalytic activity (per gram catalyst). The small pore size of the materials may induce diffusion limitations on the reactants arrival and/or result in very small cobalt particles, which favour methane over long-chain hydrocarbons.  Successful preparations of pore expanded mesoporous silicas with 1D, 2D and 3D pore structures via the atrane route, combined with the addition of swelling agents, have been demonstrated. The advantage of this method is that pore expansion can be achieved at mild conditions and there is no need for a post-synthesis process using an autoclave system. In larger silica support pores, larger cobalt particles will be formed and the weaker the cobalt-support interactions will be. This generally results in a higher cobalt reducibility for larger-pore supports and thereby a higher catalytic activity.

QC 20171004

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Doss, Tamer. "Low severity Fischer-Tropsch synthesis for the production of synthetic hydrocarbon fuels." Thesis, Aston University, 2012. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/19135/.

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Currently, the main source for the production of liquid transportation fuels is petroleum, the continued use of which faces many challenges including depleting oil reserves, significant oil price rises, and environmental concerns over global warming which is widely believed to be due to fossil fuel derived CO2 emissions and other greenhouse gases. In this respect, lignocellulosic or plant biomass is a particularly interesting resource as it is the only renewable source of organic carbon that can be converted into liquid transportation fuels. The gasification of biomass produces syngas which can then be converted into synthetic liquid hydrocarbon fuels by means of the Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis. This process has been widely considered as an attractive option for producing clean liquid hydrocarbon fuels from biomass that have been identified as promising alternatives to conventional fossil fuels like diesel and kerosene. The resulting product composition in FT synthesis is influenced by the type of catalyst and the reaction conditions that are used in the process. One of the issues facing this conversion process is the development of a technology that can be scaled down to match the scattered nature of biomass resources, including lower operating pressures, without compromising liquid composition. The primary aims of this work were to experimentally explore FT synthesis at low pressures for the purpose of process down-scaling and cost reduction, and to investigate the potential for obtaining an intermediate FT synthetic crude liquid product that can be integrated into existing refineries under the range of process conditions employed. Two different fixed-bed micro-reactors were used for FT synthesis; a 2cm3 reactor at the University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) and a 20cm3 reactor at Aston University. The experimental work firstly involved the selection of a suitable catalyst from three that were available. Secondly, a parameter study was carried out on the 20cm3 reactor using the selected catalyst to investigate the influence of reactor temperature, reactor pressure, space velocity, the H2/CO molar ratio in the feed syngas and catalyst loading on the reaction performance measured as CO conversion, catalyst stability, product distribution, product yields and liquid hydrocarbon product composition. From this parameter study a set of preferred operating conditions was identified for low pressure FT synthesis. The three catalysts were characterized using BET, XRD, TPR and SEM. The catalyst selected was an unpromoted Co/Al2O3 catalyst. FT synthesis runs on the 20cm3 reactor at Aston were conducted for 48 hours. Permanent gases and light hydrocarbons (C1-C5) were analysed in an online GC-TCD/FID at hourly intervals. The liquid hydrocarbons collected were analyzed offline using GC-MS for determination of fuel composition. The parameter study showed that CO conversion and liquid hydrocarbon yields increase with increasing reactor pressure up to around 8 bar, above which the effect of pressure is small. The parameters that had the most significant influence on CO conversion, product selectivity and liquid hydrocarbon yields were reactor temperature and catalyst loading. The preferred reaction conditions identified for this research were: T = 230ºC, P = 10 bar, H2/CO = 2.0, WHSV = 2.2 h-1, and catalyst loading = 2.0g. Operation in the low range of pressures studied resulted in low CO conversions and liquid hydrocarbon yields, indicating that low pressure BTL-FT operation may not be industrially viable as the trade off in lower CO conversions and once-through liquid hydrocarbon product yields has to be carefully weighed against the potential cost savings resulting from process operation at lower pressures.
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Books on the topic "Fischer synthesis"

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Ojeda, M. Biofuels from Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2009.

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Ojeda, M. Biofuels from Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2010.

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Jacobs, Peter A. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of hydrocarbons in the gasoil range. Luxembourg: Commission of the European Communities, 1985.

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Subiranas, Alba Mena. Combining Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) and hydrocarbon reactions in one reactor. Karlsruhe: Universita tsverl. Karlsruhe, 2009.

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Klerk, Arno de. Fischer-Tropsch refining. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH, 2011.

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Edward, Furimsky, and Royal Society of Chemistry (Great Britain), eds. Catalysis in the refining of Fischer-Tropsch syncrude. Cambridge: RSC Publishing, 2010.

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Bogislav, Schwerin. Die Treibstoffversorgung durch Kohlehydrierung in Deutschland von 1933 bis 1945, unter besonderer Berücksichtigung wirtschafts- und energiepolitischer Einflüsse. Köln: Müller Botermann, 1991.

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Future of federal coal: Status, availability, and impact of technological advances in using coal to create alternative energy resources : oversight hearing before the Subcommittee on Energy and Mineral Resources of the Committee on Resources, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Ninth Congress, second session, Thursday, May 4, 2006. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2006.

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The benefits and challenges of producing liquid fuel from coal: The role for federal research : hearing before the Subcommittee on Energy and Environment, Committee on Science and Technology, House of Representatives, One Hundred Tenth Congress, first session, September 5, 2007. Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 2008.

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Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis and Related Reactions. Elsevier, 2020.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fischer synthesis"

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Li, Jie Jack. "Fischer indole synthesis." In Name Reactions, 121. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04835-1_99.

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Li, Jie Jack. "Fischer indole synthesis." In Name Reactions, 227–28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01053-8_98.

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Li, Jie Jack. "Fischer oxazole synthesis." In Name Reactions, 229–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01053-8_99.

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Li, Jie Jack. "Fischer indole synthesis." In Name Reactions, 253–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03979-4_106.

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Li, Jie Jack. "Fischer oxazole synthesis." In Name Reactions, 255–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03979-4_107.

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Li, Jie Jack. "Fischer indole synthesis." In Name Reactions, 138. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05336-2_107.

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Li, Jie Jack. "Fischer Indole Synthesis." In Name Reactions, 197–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50865-4_52.

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Dry, M. E. "The Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis." In Catalysis, 159–255. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-49988-3_4.

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Mukherjee, Mitrajit, and Sankaran Sundaresan. "Multifunctional Catalyst for Fischer—Tropsch Synthesis." In ACS Symposium Series, 75–85. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2007-0959.ch007.

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Jacobs, Gary, and Burtron H. Davis. "Reactor approaches for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis." In Multiphase Catalytic Reactors, 269–94. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119248491.ch12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fischer synthesis"

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Surgenor, Angela D., Jennifer L. Klettlinger, Chia H. Yen, and Leah M. Nakley. "Alternative fuel research in fischer-tropsch synthesis." In 2011 IEEE Energytech. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/energytech.2011.5948546.

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Bozhenko, E. A., A. I. Sobchinskij, M. G. Zharkova, and A. V. Olshevskaya. "EXISTING TECHNOLOGIES AND PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SYNTHESIS OF HYDROCARBONS WITH THE USE OF COBALT CATALYSTS." In INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN SCIENCE AND EDUCATION. DSTU-Print, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/itno.2020.492-496.

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Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is the main process for the production of synthetic hydrocarbons. The raw material of the process is a mixture of CO and H2, called synthesis gas. The process is carried out using catalysts based on cobalt or iron, supported on carriers of various nature. The composition of the resulting product depends on the process conditions and the catalyst used. Hydrocarbon synthesis technologies are developed and introduced into production by both foreign and some Russian companies.
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Kannaiyan, Kumaran, and Reza Sadr. "Spray Characteristics of Fischer-Tropsch Alternate Jet Fuels." In ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2013-95761.

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Increase in energy demand and stringent emission norms drive the need for clean, alternative energy source. Recently, gas-to-liquid (GTL), a synthetic jet fuel produced from natural gas using Fischer-Tropsch synthesis has grabbed global attention due to its cleaner combustion aspects when compared to the conventional jet fuel. The chemical and physical properties of GTL fuels are different from the conventional fuels which could potentially affect the atomization and in turn the combustion characteristics and pollutant formation. In this work the spray characteristics of two GTL blends and conventional Jet A-1 fuels are investigated downstream of a pressure swirl nozzle exit at two injection pressures and the results are then compared. Microscopic spray characteristics, droplet size and velocity distributions are obtained at global as well as local levels of the spray using global sizing velocimetry and phase Doppler anemometry measurement techniques, respectively. Results clearly show that although the GTL fuels have different physical properties, such as viscosity, density, and surface tension the spray characteristics of the GTL fuels are found to be similar to those of Jet A-1 fuel.
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Pacheco, Kelvin A., and Reginaldo Guirardello. "Thermodynamic Analysis of Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Employing Gibbs Energy Minimization Approach." In Modelling, Simulation and Identification / 841: Intelligent Systems and Control. Calgary,AB,Canada: ACTAPRESS, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2316/p.2016.840-022.

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Asami, Kenji, Wensheng Linghu, Xiaohong Li, and Kaoru Fujimoto. "Synthesis of High Quality Liquid Fuels by Supercritical Phase Fischer-Tropsch Process." In 2003 JSAE/SAE International Spring Fuels and Lubricants Meeting. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2003-01-1943.

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Novazzi, Luis Fernando, and Rafael Soares dos Santos. "Coupling of Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis and MCH Dehydrogenation in a Multifunctional Reactor." In Modelling, Simulation and Identification / 841: Intelligent Systems and Control. Calgary,AB,Canada: ACTAPRESS, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2316/p.2016.840-027.

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Ahmad, N., S. T. Hussain, B. Muhammad, J. A. Anderson, N. Ali, and S. M. Abbas. "Influence of gold promoter on Fischer Tropsch synthesis Over Co/Al2O3 catalysts." In 2013 10th International Bhurban Conference on Applied Sciences and Technology (IBCAST 2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ibcast.2013.6512122.

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Pérez-Alonso, F. J. "Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis. Reduction Behavior and Catalytic Activity of Fe-Ce Systems." In INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS OF THE MOSSBAUER EFFECT: International Symposium on the Industrial Applications of the Mossbauer Effect. AIP, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1923634.

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Derevich, I. V., V. S. Ermolaev, and V. Z. Mordkovich. "Unstable Thermal Modes in Fischer-Tropsch Reactors With Fixed Pelletized Catalytic Bed." In 2010 14th International Heat Transfer Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ihtc14-22469.

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Investigation of oscillation of temperature and synthesis gas concentration inside spherical catalytic particle it is executed. Approximate distributions of temperature and concentrations in a particle with internal heat release and synthesis gas consumption are obtained. Stationary distributions of thermal and gaseous parameters are found. In the frame of small disturbances of temperature and concentrations thermal stability is investigated. It is revealed, that diffusion resistance synthesis gas inside a porous particle can lead to occurrence oscillation regime.
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Jürgens, Sophie, Manuel Selinsek, Uwe Bauder, Bastian Rauch, and Markus Köhler. "Potential of Decentralized Container-Scale PtL Plants for Aviation: From Crude to Post-Processed FT-SPK." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-14306.

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Abstract In today’s pressing quest of emission and pollution reduction in all energy sectors, research on renewable and sustainable fuels is a key component. The Institute of Combustion Technology at the German Aerospace Center strives to assess new, renewable fuel in a gear wheel approach of interdependent linked experiments, database comparison and model-based assessment, allowing for a fast iterative feedback to the fuel producer and giving a detailed valuation of fuels as well as a distinguished preselection when presented with numerous fuel samples. Synthetic fuels as a substitute for fossil fuels are becoming increasingly important within the framework global climate protection goals. Power-to-X technologies such as Fischer-Tropsch synthesis can be used to produce carbon-neutral fuels using carbon dioxide from air (direct air capture) and hydrogen obtained by water electrolysis using green electricity. This fuel assessment has been iteratively performed for the post-processing of a Fischer-Tropsch fuel, produced in the module-based, compact and highly innovative PtL plant erected by INERATEC GmbH. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the postprocessing steps hydration and distillation of the crude Fischer-Tropsch products with hindsight to “fit-for-purpose” properties of the resulting products for aviation. The chemical composition was determined using comprehensive two-dimensional GCxGC chromatography. Numerical blending analysis was performed utilizing the DLR SimFuel platform to evaluate the range of blending ratios of the Fischer-Tropsch fuels with conventional jet fuels. It could be demonstrated that the post-processed Fischer-Tropsch fuels display a beneficially high blending potential with conventional jet fuels considering the chemical composition and combustion behavior.
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Reports on the topic "Fischer synthesis"

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Dragomir B. Bukur, Gilbert F. Froment, and Tomasz Olewski. KINETICS OF SLURRY PHASE FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/901976.

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Dragomir B. Bukur, Gilbert F. Froment, Tomasz Olewski, Lech Nowicki, and Madhav Nayapati. Kinetics of Slurry Phase Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/907885.

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Dragomir B. Bukur, Gilbert F. Froment, Lech Nowicki, Jiang Wang, and Wen-Ping Ma. KINETICS OF SLURRY PHASE FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/891511.

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Dragomir B. Bukur. KINETICS OF SLURRY PHASE FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/891739.

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Subramaniam, B., D. Bochniak, and K. Snavely. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis in supercritical reaction media. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6746437.

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Subramaniam, B. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis in supercritical reaction media. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/206362.

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Subramaniam, B. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis in supercritical reaction media. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6964245.

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Subramaniam, B., D. Bochniak, and K. Snavely. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis in supercritical reaction media. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6606393.

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Akgerman, A., and D. B. Bukur. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis in supercritical fluids. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/569022.

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Chavez, Donna L. Microscopic Understanding of Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis on Ruthenium. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1172907.

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