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Journal articles on the topic 'Fish farming - Nutrition'
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1
Kaushik, Sadasivam. "Contribution of fish farming to human nutrition." Cahiers Agricultures 23, no. 1 (January 2014): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/agr.2014.0679.
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Vieira, Lucimar Rodrigues, Milena Wolff Ferreira, Guilherme Ribeiro Capibaribe Barbosa, Franciele Itati Kreutz, Celso Soares Costa, Ulisses Simon Silveira, and Gisele Braziliano de Andrade. "Addition Probiotics on Captive Fish Nutrition the benefits, water quality and productive performance: a review." Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciências Ambientais 12, no. 2 (January 20, 2021): 457–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.6008/cbpc2179-6858.2021.002.0040.
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The processes of technological innovation influence the great advances in the world agribusiness sector. These progresses are the result of scientific and technological studies. In this context, fish farming appears as an alternative to diversify agricultural production, being the most responsible system in the world for food security. In addition, the practice of fish farming is a potential strategy for environmental conservation since it contributes to capture fisheries reduction. However, the traditional management commonly adopted in fish farming results in innumerable environmental consequences such as: pollution of water bodies and introduction of exotic species, generation of effluents, emergence of diseases in man and animals. Probiotics as a dietary supplement for captive-bred fish appear as an alternative resource, aiming to improve the zootenic and sanitary performance of fish, healthy conditions and increase production with efficiency. It should be noted that diets are related to ethological aspects, structural integrity, sanity, physiology, reproduction, growth, and sanitary or environmental conditions. The present study aimed to revise assessments on the use of functional food additives in captive-bred fish diet and the results obtained by their administration. A qualitative approach was used with a descriptive and documentary method. The data analysed here contribute to further studies and to glimpse the potentials of nutrition of captive fish, considerating that negative impacts to the environment, production and quality of fish can be mitigated.
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Sargent, J. R. "Fish oils and human diet." British Journal of Nutrition 78, no. 1 (July 1997): S5—S13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19970131.
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Trends in global fish catches are described together with fish landlings and fish consumption in the UK. The importance of n–6 and n–3 polyunsaturated fatty acids as essential constituents of human diets is considered and the role of oily fish as a dietary source of the long-chain n–3 polyunsaturates, docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, is emphasized. The origin ofn–3 polyunsaturates in the marine phytoplankton and their transmission via zooplankton to fish is described as a means of understanding the consumption of different fish body oils. The ease with which the fatty acid composition of fish body oils can be manipulated by altering the fatty acid composition of their feeds is emphasized and the dietary requirements of marine and freshwater fish for n–3 and n–6 polyunsaturates considered. Farming fish on diets containing principally fish meal and fish oil, as used in salmon production in Scotland, generates a high quality product with levels of long-chain n–3 polyunsaturates equalling or exceeding those of wild fish. Farming fish on high quality marine oils rich in docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids is an efficient means of delivering these essential nutrients in human diets and also efficiently exploiting a strictly limited marine bioresource.
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Thorne-Lyman, Andrew L., Natalie Valpiani, Rumana Akter, Md Abdul Baten, Sven Genschick, Manjurul Karim, and Shakuntala H. Thilsted. "Fish and Meat Are Often Withheld From the Diets of Infants 6 to 12 Months in Fish-Farming Households in Rural Bangladesh." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 38, no. 3 (June 15, 2017): 354–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0379572117709417.
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Background: Fish is a widely available animal-source food in Bangladesh and a rich source of nutrients, yet little is known about practices related to incorporating fish into the diets of infants and young children. Objective: Use dietary diversity data to explore consumption patterns of fish and high-quality food items within the household and examine factors associated with delayed introduction of fish to infants and young children. Methods: Cross-sectional survey of 496 households with children <36 months participating in the Aquaculture for Income and Nutrition project in Bangladesh. Data collected included household characteristics, women’s dietary diversity score, and minimum dietary diversity score along with data on Infant and Young Child Feeding practices. Results: Most children (63.4%) met the threshold for minimum dietary diversity. Despite having received extensive nutrition education related to including fish in complementary foods, only half of the caretakers introduced fish at 6 months and the mean age of introduction of small fish was 8.7 months. Meat and fish were not common in infant diets but increased with child age. Concerns about bones were a major barrier to incorporating fish into infant diets. Conclusion: Given its nutrient profile and widespread availability in certain contexts, fish could be an underutilized opportunity to improve nutrition and health outcomes of infants and young children. Further research, including utilizing food processing technologies, is needed to develop appropriate responses to overcome these barriers.
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Vranic, D., D. Trbovic, J. Djinovic-Stojanovic, R. Baltic, M. Milijasevic, S. Lilic, and A. Spiric. "The influence of nutrition on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) meat quality." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 29, no. 1 (2013): 161–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1301161v.
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Feed of high quality is one of the most important parameter which influences fish growth, feed conversion and chemical composition of fish meat in conditions of intensive fish farming. Studies on the influence of two commercial diets on nutritional quality and production results in rainbow trout intensive farming conditions in Pond I and Pond II were undertaken. Obtained values for proteins and fats in feed were significantly higher (p<0.001) in Diet II comparing to Diet I. The average water and ash content was significantly higher (p<0.001) in Diet I in relation to Diet II. The average length and mass of fish were higher in Pond I in relation to Pond II. Calculated values for condition factors, Kf, indicate to a higher production results in Pond II (1.81) in relation to Pond I (1.22). There were not significant differences (p>0.05) in the average content of proteins and ash in fillets of fish from Pond I (17.43% and 1.19%, respectively) and Pond II (18.69% and 1.29%, respectively). The average content of water was significantly higher (p<0.001) in fillets of fish from Pond I (79.87%) comparing to fillets of fish from Pond II (75.40%). Average content of fat in fillets of trout from Pond II (4.17%) was around three times higher than the average content of fat in fillets of trout from Pond I (1.41%), (p<0.001). Results for energy values (348.44 kJ/100g- Pond I and 471.38 kJ/100g- Pond II) are in a direct correlation with the content of fat in fish. The average content of cholesterol in fillets of trout from Pond II (70.12 mg/100g) was significantly higher (p<0.001) than in fillets of trout from Pond I (44.11 mg/100g). The obtained data indicate to a positive influence of fat content in the diet on fat content, energy value and production results in rainbow trout production in Pond II. Lower water temperature established in Pond II (8?C) comparing to Pond I (13?C) might have had additional influence on the nutritional quality and production results in Pond II, as well.
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Kondratiuk, V. M. "REARING RAINBOW TROUT JUVENILE FISH OF THIS YEAR AT DIFFERENT LEVELS OF PROTEIN IN FEED STUFFS." Animal Science and Food Technology 11, no. 3 (December 2020): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/animal2020.03.035.
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The article considers the efficacy of using complete feed stuffs with different protein levels for rearing rainbow trout juvenile fish up to 10 g. The purpose of the experiment was to establish the influence of different protein nutrition levels on trout productivity indices. For this purpose, five experimental groups of this year juvenile fish were formed by the method of analogues. The control group of fish consumed feed stuffs with the protein level of 52%. During the comparative period, the experimental fish consumed feed of the control group. In the main period, the level of crude protein in trout feed stuffs ranged from 48 to 56% per 1 kg. As a result of the study performed, it was found that the use of feed stuffs with high protein nutrition (56 %) in feeding of this year trout is accompanied by an increase in their weight by 12.3 % (p < 0.01) and their growth intensity - by 7.1-15.7 % , compared to the analogues who consumed feed with the protein level of 52 %. Reduction of this index to the level of 48% contributes to a probable reduction (p < 0.05) in weight by 11.5 %, and a decrease in growth intensity by 5.8-13.8 %. It has been proved that the cost of feed per 1 kg of weight gain in this year trout, which consumed feed stuff with a protein content of 56 %, was lower by 5.5 %, and with its content at 48 % - by 7.4 % higher, compared to fish that consumed feed stuff with the protein content of 52 %. At the same time, the safety of the experimental fish throughout the experiment was compliant with the normative indices in trout farming and was within the range of 75.2-78.1 %. The analysis of the obtained fish farming results showed that the most economically feasible is rearing of this year trout juvenile fish, who consume feed stuff with the protein nutritional value of 52 %, compared to a decrease or increase in this index to 48 and 56 %, respectively.
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Wei, Ya, Yong Qiang Zhao, Shu Xian Hao, Jian Wei Cen, Hui Huang, Wan Ling Lin, and Lai Hao Li. "Analysis and Evaluation of Nutrient Composition of the Factory Farming Jade Perch." Advanced Materials Research 884-885 (January 2014): 389–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.884-885.389.
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Jade perch (Scortum barcoo) meat nutrition analysis and evaluation was carried out in this paper, results showed that: the protein content, fat content and total amino acid content of Jade perch are 18.4%, 9.0% and 19.99% respectively. As a balanced amino acid combination, it contains a variety of amino acids necessary for the meat, glutamic acid content of up to 3.10%, delicious amino acids in the total amino acid content 7.64%. Jade perch has a lower fat content, but rich in unsaturated fatty acids, DHA content is 3.36%, rich in Ca, Fe, Zn, Se and other trace elements, in the jade perch, the heavy metals and other toxic substances analysis showed that they are in line with national health and safety standards, the Jade Perch is a good quality, high nutritional value of edible fish.
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Perwitasari, Dyah Ayu, and Tatik Amani. "Penerapan Sistem Akuaponik (Budidaya Ikan Dalam Ember) untuk Pemenuhan Gizi Dalam Mencegah Stunting di Desa Gending Kabupaten Probolinggo." Jurnal Abdi Panca Mara 1, no. 1 (November 23, 2019): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.51747/abdipancamarga.v1i1.479.
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Gending Village is a village located in Gending District, Probolinggo Regency, consisting of 4 Hamlets, 4 RWs, 13 RT. RT 09 area. Buyut Hamlet is one of the areas in the village of Gending, Gending District. The majority of RT 9 residents have livelihoods as farmers. The area of Buyut Hamlet was once a center for catfish farming in the village of Gending, but is now beginning to be abandoned because of the existence of a small amount of feed. The adoption of the budikdamber as the development of the aquaponics system is expected to be able to foster community interest in conducting fish and vegetable cultivation in one place, so that the yields obtained are also abundant and meet the nutritional needs derived from fish and vegetables. One effort to redevelop the local potential in the form of catfish farming, needs to be done an action in the form of socialization. The socialization was carried out by conveying material about hydroponics and buddhambers, which was followed by housewives of RT 9 with the aim to be able to fill spare time and develop the ability of catfish culture that had previously been nurturing, but also as a form of utilization of house yards or narrow land to be efficient and profitable. The practice was carried out by demonstrating the buddhamber accompanied by lecturers and student teams, and handing over the assemblies of the buddambers along with vegetables and fish to one of the residents as a pilot. The results obtained from this program are an increase in knowledge and skills of partners about fish farming in a bucket (Budikdamber) as well as an increase in family food independence by utilizing home yards through the cultivation of vegetables and fish in one place.
Keywords: Gending, Aquaponics, Budikdamber, Nutrition, Stunting
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VATSOS (Ι.Ν. ΒΑΤΣΟΣ), I. N., and P. ANGELIDIS (Π. ΑΓΓΕΛΙΔΗΣ). "Water quality and fish diseases." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 61, no. 1 (November 13, 2017): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.14875.
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Certain water quality parameters are known to cause serious problems to fish, especially when they are living under intensive farming conditions. These problems range from discomfort of fish to heavy mortalities and factors, such as the fish species, the time and level of exposure and the synergic effect of other coexisting stressful conditions, play an important role. In addition, when these parameters are outside the preferable for each fish species range, they can induce stress to fish, compromising their immune system and making them vulnerable to many opportunistic pathogens. Oxygen is, probably, the main limiting factor under farming conditions and when its levels are below the preferable range for any fish species, many morphological, as well as physiological alterations develop. Increased levels of carbon dioxide in the water usually coexist with decreased levels of oxygen and can cause respiratory acidosis and nephrocalcinosis. The latter is characterized by the development of granulomas in many internal organs and urolithiasis. Ammonia usually causes problems under intensive farming conditions, especially when the wateris recirculated and the pH is high. Increased levels of ammonia in the water can cause extensive alterations in the gills and degenerative changes in the liver and kidney. Gas supersaturation of the water, depending on the level of saturation and the time of exposure, can result in the gas bubble disease. Formation of bubbles in the eyes, skin and gills and extensive necrotic areas inmany organs due to gas emboli are the main findings caused by this disease. Many contaminants in the water can, also, create serious problems to fish. Fin erosion, epidermal hyperplasia or papilloma and degenerative and necrotic alterations in many internalorgans are common findings observed in fish on many cases of water pollution. Many of the factors mentioned above, as well as others, such as nutrition and bad management, can result in abnormal development of the body offish, when exposed at their early life stages. Due to farming conditions, cultured fish tend to exhibit increased rate of body malformation compared to wild ones. Careful design of the facilities, use of specialized equipment and, probably, application of genetic selection program can minimize or even eliminate the effects these water parameters have on the cultured fish.
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Chetia Borah, Bibha, Sonmoina Bhuyan, and Biswajyoti Bordoloi. "Integrated Goat Fish Farming as Source of Low Cost Nutrition Security for Small Farmers." Acta Scientifci Nutritional Health 5, no. 2 (January 21, 2021): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31080/asnh.2020.05.0813.
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Silva, Fabricio Nilo Lima da, Raoani Cruz Mendonça, Manoel Luciano Aviz de Quadros, Luã Caldas de Oliveira, Osnan Lennon Lameira Silva, Antônia Rafaela Gonçalves Macedo, Lenilton Alex de Araujo Oliveira, Fernanda Praia Costa, Antony Correa Paes, and Aracy Sá Pereira. "Good management practices course and social technologies for aquaculture farmers in Marajó, Pará, Brazil." Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciências Ambientais 11, no. 4 (April 27, 2020): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.6008/cbpc2179-6858.2020.004.0004.
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The objective of this study was capacitate aquaculture farmers and develop social technologies for the culture of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) in the archipelago of Marajó (Pará - Brazil). The study was carried out in the municipality of Curralinho by the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Pará (IFPA) Campus Breves, in March 2020. Two structured questionnaires were applied to 13 course participants who participated in the training. The first was before the course, about fish farming and the adoption of Good Management Practices (BPM) adopted by aquaculture farmers in the Marajó region. The second, composed of closed questions to evaluate the training course, whose themes were: 1) water quality, 2) indicated species, 3) fish transport management, 4) fish quarantine and stock, 5) fish biometrics, 6) liming and fertilizing ponds, 7) management of fish nutrition and health, and 8) fish harvesting and slaughter, were approached in the course. At the end of the lectures / training, a workshop for the production of social technologies was conducted, among students, teachers and aquaculture farmers. Previous knowledge about fish farming and the adoption of BPM were essential for the effectuation of the course. Issues about water quality, biometrics and fish nutrition and health were the ones that called the most attention from aquaculture farmers. Secchi's disk, ichthyometer, hand net and net-tank were the social technologies built. Post-course evaluation was essential to understand the impact of the socialization of knowledge provided to the community. In conclusion, the project reinforced teaching, research and extension actions, involving the community in favor of strengthening aquaculture in the Marajó island, Pará, Brazil.
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Berg, P., B. O. Eggum, S. H. Møller, L. E. Holm, P. E. V. Jørgensen, N. J. Olesen, K. Buchmann, et al. "A multi-disciplinary Danish research programme on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) farming." Water Science and Technology 31, no. 10 (May 1, 1995): 257–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0385.
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A new research programme involving eight Danish institutions is described. The programme started in 1993 and is expected to run for 5 years. The primary objective of the research initiative is to exploit and integrate the knowledge of several institutions and disciplines for the benefit of the production of rainbow trout. The programme includes several projects with aspects of disease prevention, genetics, and nutrition. In most of the projects, the work has been divided into stages of 2 and 3 years, respectively. During a 2 year period, production, management, and health status are recorded at the participating fish farms, and all data are organized in a database. Diseases cause major problems in rainbow trout production, therefore a great deal of the effort in this programme deals with diseases caused by vira, bacteria and parasites. On the basis of the database, epidemiological examinations are carried out as well as investigations of the possibilities of preventive measures and cost-benefit analyses. In the genetic studies, polymorphic genetic markers will be developed and used for analysis of the genetic structure of selected fish stocks. Microsatellites will be developed and introduced in the study. Primarily genetic differences between lines/strains and their crossings will be estimated with the purpose of describing the genetic level and the importance of additive and non-additive genetic effects. In the nutritional area the product quality and pollution questions will be in focus.
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Neupane, Prajina, Madhusudhan Adhikari, Manita Kumari Thapa, and Astha Kiran Pandeya. "Bio-Floc Technology: Prospects & Challenges in Fish Farming of Nepal." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 8, no. 2 (June 25, 2020): 140–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v8i2.28933.
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Bio-floc technology is the blue revolution in aquaculture & new technique of enhancing water quality & utilizing feed wastes in the aquaculture system. It follows the concept of conversion of ammonium in addition to organic nitrogenous wastes into bacterial biomass in where heterotrophic bacterial growth is stimulated & nitrogen uptake through the production of microbial proteins is promoted by the addition of carbohydrates to the pond. Nitrogen generated by uneaten feed and excreta of cultured organisms is converted into proteinaceous feed available for those same organisms. This technique recycles nutrients & nitrogenous wastes by maintaining a high carbon: nitrogen ratio and provides essential & higher quality nutrition to the shrimps & fishes in achieving fast growth, lesser FCR & possibility to prevent diseases. Water requirement in BFT is extremely less & it is advantageous than the conventional system where there is continuous water & nutrient recycling, lower FCR. On the other hand, many challenges are existing in practicing bio-floc in Nepal as it requires frequent pond monitoring by the technical manpower. The choice of carbon source should be made wisely and correctly as the performance of fish and water quality in the bio-floc ponds depend highly upon carbon source. Further, vitamins required for fish may not be produced by microbes thus needed to identify them and supply through the feed. However, the practice of bio-floc technology will be proven worth for farmers in Nepal.
Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(2): 140-145
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Kondratiuk, Vadym. "THE INFLUENCE OF AMINO ACID NUTRITION ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF RAINBOW TROUT." Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Animal Science NAAS of Ukraine, no. 124 (2020): 104–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.32900/2312-8402-2020-124-104-114.
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The article considers the effectiveness of complete feed with different levels of lysine and methionine for growing rainbow trout up to 10 g. The experiment aimed to establish the effect of different levels of amino acid nutrition of trout on its productivity. For this purpose, five experimental groups of this year were formed by the method of analogues. The experiment lasted 45 days and was divided into two periods: equalization (5 days) and main (40 days). During the equalization period, the experimental fish consumed feed of the control group. In the main period, the level of lysine and methionine in experimental feeds for different experimental groups of trout ranged from 2.8 to 3.2 % and from 0.90 to 1.10 %, respectively. As a result of research, it was found that the use of trout weighing up to 10 g of feed with high amino acid nutrition (3.1 % lysine, 1.05 % methionine) in the feeding of this year is accompanied by an increase in their weight by 9.2 % (p <0.05) and growth intensity - by 4.1-9.3 %, compared with analogues who consumed feed with the content of lysine of 3.0% and methionine of 1.0%. The reduction of these amino acids to the levels of 2.8 and 0.9 %, respectively, contributes to a probable decrease (p <0.01) in the weight of fish by 14.1 %, and a decrease in growth intensity by 8.7-17.3 %. It was proved that different levels of amino acid nutrition of young trout significantly (p <0.01) affected the weight of experimental fish. The share of influence of this factor is 61.4 %, which is 22.8 % more than the influence of other factors. In the course of research, it was determined that when growing rainbow trout this year up to 10 g, feeding them compound feeds with lysine and methionine content of 3.1 and 1.05% helps to reduce feed costs per unit weight gain by 12.5 %, compared with using feeds with levels of these amino acids of 2.8 and 0.9 %, respectively. At the same time, the safety of the experimental fish throughout the experiment corresponded to the normative indicators in trout farming and was in the range of 76.0-77.3 %. The analysis of the obtained fish farming results showed that for the production of trout products according to the indicators of maximum productivity and economic optimization criteria it is recommended to use complete feed with a level of 3.1% lysine and 1.05% methionine for feeding rainbow trout.
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Rahman, Mohammad Lutfar, Md Shahjahan, and Nesar Ahmed. "Tilapia Farming in Bangladesh: Adaptation to Climate Change." Sustainability 13, no. 14 (July 8, 2021): 7657. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13147657.
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In Bangladesh, aquaculture is critically important in terms of providing food and nutrition, sustainable livelihoods, income, and export earnings. Nevertheless, aquaculture in Bangladesh has faced recent concerns due to climate change. Aquaculture is vulnerable to a combination of climatic factors, such as global warming, rainfall variation, flood, drought, temperature fluctuation, and salinity change. Considering the vulnerability of fish production to the impacts of climate change, tilapia farming is one of the possible strategies for adaptation to climate change. The positive culture attributes of tilapia are their tolerance to low water levels and poor water quality with rainfall variation, temperature fluctuation, and salinity change. In fact, tilapia farming is possible in a wide range of water environments, including freshwater, brackish water, and saltwater conditions. We suggest that appropriate tilapia culture strategies with institutional support and collaboration with key stakeholders are needed for adaptation to environmental change.
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Roh, HyeongJin, Jiyeon Park, Ahran Kim, Nameun Kim, Yoonhang Lee, Bo Seong Kim, Jasna Vijayan, Mu Kun Lee, Chan-Il Park, and Do-Hyung Kim. "Overfeeding-Induced Obesity Could Cause Potential Immuno-Physiological Disorders in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)." Animals 10, no. 9 (August 25, 2020): 1499. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10091499.
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Although over-nutrition from overfeeding-induced obesity is known to be highly associated with metabolic and immunological disorders in humans, little is known about overfeeding-induced obesity in fish farming. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in immuno-physiological parameters, to better understand the potential risk of overfeeding–induced obesity in fish. Commercial feed was provided to fish in the overfed group until they refuse to eat, but fish in the control group was fed with the feed at 1% bodyweight per day. The hemato-serological, histological, and immunological changes were observed at weeks 2 and 8. Rainbow trout leukocytes were co-incubated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL), and the phagocytes engulfing the OxLDL and the presence of apoptotic cells were evaluated. The body weight, body mass index (BMI), and hepatosomatic index (HSI) index were significantly higher in the overfed group, and high lipid accumulation and fatty changes were also observed in their livers, indicating that the feeding regime used in this study led to overfeeding-induced obesity. Likewise, much higher numbers of and larger vacuoles were observed in overfed fish macrophages, showing unclear boundaries between the cytoplasm and extracellular space. In the overfed group, the expression of IL-10, HSP70, TLR2, and CD36 was significantly higher, and lymphocyte apoptosis was more evident, indicating that overfeeding-induced obese fish might have immunologic disorders. This was the first study to demonstrate that overfeeding-induced obesity could cause an immune-physiological imbalance in rainbow trout, making them more vulnerable to infectious diseases and various stressful conditions. This study will contribute to improvements in fish nutrition, feeding practices, fish nutrition, and disease prevention in the aquaculture industry.
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Mulumpwa, M. "The potential of insect meal in improving food security in Malawi: an alternative of soybean and fishmeal in livestock feed." Journal of Insects as Food and Feed 4, no. 4 (December 7, 2018): 301–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jiff2017.0090.
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It is reported that fish contribute 70% of the animal protein intake in Malawi. This may be currently lower, as per capita fish consumption is reported to have declined by 58% from 14 kg/person/year in the 1970s to 8.12 kg/person/year in 2014. The situation poses a serious national nutrition problem, if not put under control. The Malawi Government and other stakeholders were therefore prompted to promote fish farming to supplement the fish that are provided from capture fisheries on the market. Currently, Malawi Development Cooperation (MALDECO) Aquaculture is a prominent commercial aquaculture company in Malawi, with just above 6,000 small-scale farmers. Feed is a challenge due to the high prices of soybean and imported fishmeal. Most small-scale fish farmers use maize bran to feed their fish, but this is nonviable as it results in low yield and abandonment of fish farming by most farmers. This study seeks to provide information in search of a solution to address feed challenges in the fish sector. A literature review was conducted on approaches being used by fish farmers and current efforts to resolve these challenges, and the information gained was used to outline a roadmap for solving livestock feed challenges at household level in Malawi. It was observed that using waste from the farmyard, farmers could culture insects which have high protein content than soybean and highly digestible than fish meal. Insects can deal with environmental pollution by utilising waste. Incorporation of insect meal in fish feed can replace soybean and fish meal, hence turning the fish industry around in Malawi by making it more productive. The goal of making fish products adequately available on the market may rely on the potential of incorporating insect meal in fish feed. Insect inclusion in fish feed has a potential for increasing fish consumption per capita in Malawi, hence improving food security. However, challenges to be resolved are food acceptance, food safety issues and legislation, which can be dealt with by the coordination of government, industry and academia.
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AMORIM, Ana Laura Benevenuto de, Veridiana Vera de ROSSO, and Daniel Henrique BANDONI. "Acquisition of family farm foods for school meals: Analysis of public procurements within rural family farming published by the cities of São Paulo state." Revista de Nutrição 29, no. 2 (April 2016): 297–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-98652016000200012.
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Objective: To assess the food profile in the public procurement within rural family farming for the acquisition of family farm foods for the National School Feeding Program in the cities of São Paulo state, Brazil. Methods: A total of 122 public procurement within rural family farming published electronically by 99 cities from January to September of 2013 were analyzed. The foods were classified in the following groups: grains; roots and tubers; legumes; meat; fish; vegetables; fruits; processed foods; ingredients; and milk. The cities were grouped into quartiles according to the number of elementary school students. The foods listed in the public procurement within rural family farming were then assessed according to city size. The Kruskal-Wallis test verified the difference between the number of foods in each group and in each quartile (p<0.05). Results: Of all the foods, the most common groups in the public procurement within rural family farming were the vegetable and fruit groups, representing 50 and 31%, respectively. The number of foods in the groups of grains, legumes, and milk in the public procurement within rural family farming increased with the number of students. On the other hand, cities with fewer students acquired more foods from the fruit group, resulting in differences between the quartiles (p<0.05). The group of processed foods was requested by 41% of the cities. Conclusion: Fresh foods were the most common types of foods in the public procurement within rural family farming, demonstrating that the acquisition of family farm products can contribute to school meal quality.
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Liu, Owen R., Renato Molina, Margaret Wilson, and Benjamin S. Halpern. "Global opportunities for mariculture development to promote human nutrition." PeerJ 6 (May 9, 2018): e4733. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4733.
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An estimated two billion people worldwide currently suffer from micronutrient malnutrition, and almost one billion are calorie deficient. Providing adequate nutrition is a growing global challenge. Seafood is one of the most important sources of both protein and micronutrients for many, yet production from wild capture fisheries has stagnated. In contrast, aquaculture is the world’s fastest-growing food production sector and now supplies over half of all seafood consumed globally. Mariculture, or the farming of brackish and marine species, accounts for roughly one-third of all aquaculture production and has received increasing attention as a potential supplement for wild-caught marine fisheries. By analyzing global patterns in seafood reliance, malnutrition levels, and economic opportunity, this study identifies where mariculture has the greatest potential to improve human nutrition. We calculate a mariculture opportunity index for 117 coastal nations by drawing on a diverse set of seafood production, trade, consumption, and nutrition data. Seventeen primary variables are combined into country-level scores for reliance on seafood, opportunity for nutritional improvement, and opportunity for economic development of mariculture. The final mariculture opportunity score identifies countries with high seafood reliance combined with high nutritional and economic opportunity scores. We find that island nations in Southeast Asia and the Caribbean are consistently identified as countries with high mariculture opportunity. In other regions, nutritional and economic opportunity scores are not significantly correlated, and we discuss the implications of this finding for crafting appropriate development policy. Finally, we identify key challenges to ameliorating malnutrition through mariculture development, including insufficient policy infrastructure, government instability, and ensuring local consumption of farmed fish. Our analysis is an important step towards prioritizing nations where the economic and nutritional benefits of expanding mariculture may be jointly captured.
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Hankevych, B., O. Tretiak, T. Hryhorenko, and O. Kolos. "Some pecularities of feeding of paddlefish (Polyodon spathula (Walbaum, 1792)) in the process of its growing to the marketable weight in ponds of Ukranian Polissia." Ribogospodarsʹka nauka Ukraïni., no. 1(55) (March 31, 2021): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/fsu2021.01.056.
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Purpose. To investigate peculiarities of feeding of paddlefish during the second year of life in polyculture with carp fish in ponds of Ukrainian Polissia. Methodology. A North American zooplanktophage belonging to sturgeons, the paddlefish was reared in polyculture with carp, hybrids of silver and bighead carps, as well as grass carp in pond with areas of 1 hectare on natural food supply. Development of the natural food supply was stimulated by applying cattle manure into ponds at an amount of 1 ton/ha. The stocking density of age‒1 paddlefish with an average weight of 143 g was 150 ind./ha, The total stocking density of all polyculture objects was 520 ind./ha. The determination of the nutritional and growth characteristics of fish, the qualitative composition of forage aquatic organisms and their biomass was carried out using well‒known methods. The main physicochemical parameters of water quality were investigated during fish rearing using generally accepted recommendations in fish farming and hydrochemistry. Findings. The environmental conditions of the pond mainly met the biological requirements for the studied aquaculture objects. A periodic decrease in dissolved oxygen concentration to 1.5‒2.0 mgO2/dm3 was observed, which could slow down fish growth. During sampling to determine the feeding habits of paddlefish, the zooplankton biomass in the pond varied within 1.11‒6.44 g/m3, with the predominance of Cladocera and Copepoda. At the end of the study period, age‒1+ paddlefish reached an average weight of 979.0 g with a fish production of 120.4 kg/ha and a survival rate of 82.0%. The total fish production for all polyculture objects was 502.3 kg/ha. The average digestive tract fullness index of paddlefish varied within 199.72‒459.0030/000. The diet of paddlefish was dominated by lower crustaceans with a predominance of Cladocera (65.28‒86.23%). The role of Copepoda in paddlefish nutrition increased at the end of the culture season (up to 32.76%). Rotifera and other forage aquatic organisms did not have a significant value in the paddlefish diet (up to 3.85%). A significant amount of detritus swallowed by fish was observed (13.43‒31.31% of the digestive tract content). A selectivity in the consumption of paddlefish of various groups of zooplankton organisms was noted with the selectivity index for Cladocera at the level of 1.23‒1.48. Originality. New data were obtained on the feeding habits of paddlefish in Ukrainian Polissia. Practical value. The study results are an integral part of the database for the development of improved technologies for pond fish farming in Ukraine. Key words: paddlefish, pond aquaculture, fish polyculture, natural food supply, fish feeding.
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Zanić, Mate, Tea Tomljanović, and Daniel Matulić. "A Review of Aquaculture Research in Croatia Published in the Croatian Journal of Fisheries Since 1938." Croatian Journal of Fisheries 75, no. 2 (June 27, 2017): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cjf-2017-0011.
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Abstract 51 articles published in the Croatian Journal of Fisheries from 1938 until 2016, covering aquaculture research in Croatia, have been included in this study. Published articles have been classified into seven groups based on their main topics. Topics include: aquaculture statistics in Croatia; disease and health care; farming technology; management, economics and environmental protection; fish nutrition and product quality; improving aquaculture; and species biology and ecology. The study concisely informs about aquaculture research in Croatia since 1938. Due to large contribution to the research, development and quality management of Croatian aquaculture, further promotion and development of Croatian Journal of Fisheries is required.
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Le, Thinh Xuan, and Hien Xuan Dang. "MODELING OF PLANKTON DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES IN THE PANGASIUS (PANGASIANODON HYPOPHTHALMUS) PRODUCTION POND IN VIETNAM." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 58, no. 3A (May 25, 2020): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/58/3a/14252.
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Pangasius (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) is a popular food in many countries around the world as well as Vietnam, at the same time, Pangasius (catfish) also brings great economic benefits from the exportation. However, unplanned catfish farming leads to environmental degradation. Fish farming is more susceptible to disease and consumes more water. Feed for fish is only partially used, the rest is released into the environment. The industrial feeds with high nutrient content, especially those rich in nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P), are the strongest contributors to the water index. Thus, within high volume and high pollution levels of wastes from catfish pond which has had a great impact on the water environment, negatively affecting the catfish farming and the community. Modeling is a solution that helps to better control the biological processes in the pond, optimizes feed supply and water use. Modeling has many advantages compares to the real research because the cost is too expensive; requires too long time; does not affect to production or endangers to persons and equipment. In some cases, it is not possible to do experiments on real systems. Therefore, the application of the modelling is a suitable way to identify and control biological processes in catfish ponds. This research will study the plankton development processes taking place in catfish ponds by modeling using Matlab software to simulate the nutrition and development processes of fish in catfish ponds. These equations were solved by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method and coded in the Matlab programming language.As a result, the plankton development processes of pangasius pond is simulated includes (green algae, cyanobacteria, diatoms), (the ratio of nitrogen content in green algae, cyanobacteria, diatoms), (the ratio of phosphorus content in green algae, cyanobacteria, diatoms) at different temperatures 28, 30oC.
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van Hooijdonk, Antonius C. M., K. D. Kussendrager, and J. M. Steijns. "Invivoantimicrobial and antiviral activity of components in bovine milk and colostrum involved in non-specific defence." British Journal of Nutrition 84, S1 (November 2000): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000711450000235x.
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Thein vivoevidence of the antimicrobial and antiviral activity of bovine milk and colostrum derived components are reviewed with special emphasis on lactoferrin and lactoperoxidase. Their mode of action and the rationale for their application in efficacy trials with rodents, farm animals, fish and humans, to give protection against infectious agents, are described. A distinction is made between efficacy obtained by oral and non-oral administration of these non-specific defence factors which can be commercially applied in large quantities due to major achievements in dairy technology. From thein vivostudies one can infer that lactoferrin and lactoperoxidase are very promising, naturally occurring antimicrobials for use in fish farming, husbandry, oral hygiene and functional foods. Other promising milk-derived compounds include lipids, from which anti-infective degradation products are generated during digestion, and antimicrobial peptides hidden in the casein molecules.
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Lantang, Daniel, and Yunus P. Paulangan. "Potensi Pengembangan Komoditas Teripang Pasir (Holothuria scabra Jaenger) secara Berkelanjutan dengan Model Integrasi Sea Farming di Kepulauan Padaido Kabupaten Biak Numfor." JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA 7, no. 1 (July 28, 2018): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31957/jbp.430.
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Sea cucumber is one of high value economic commodity due to not only having a fairly completed nutrition, but also used as the raw material for production of drugs, cosmetics and others. Therefore it becomes one of the highly potential export commodities. However, the target of catching sea cucumbers community intensively will give a negative impact on its sustainability. Sea cucumber has long been recognized and protected by the people in Padaido islands known as sasisen or sasi system. Although it has been conserved through sasisen system, but tends decline recently. This happen due to the high fishing activities by fisherman. Sea farming methods is a sea fisheries development concept in shallow waters such as the merger between aquaculture and capture fisheries by utilizing leading commodity in potential cultivation area. Sea farming is a system of utilization of marine ecosystem-based marine culture with the ultimate goal to improve the stock of fish (fish resources enhancement) to the sustainability of fisheries and other marine-based activities such as ecotourism. This paper will discuss the development opportunities of sea farming system that is integrated with the prevailing of local wisdom in Padaido Islands, Biak Numfor Regency, Papua, namely sasisen. This system works in conserving sea cucumber resources and increasing incomes of local communities in Padaido island through the creation of alternative livelihoods specifically in sea cucumber cultivation. Therefore, these models and approaches can be considered to manage coastal and marine resources in a sustainable way in Padaido Islands, Biak Numfor Regency.Key words: Sea cucumber, sustainable management, sasisen, Padaido Islands.
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Yudi Cahyoko, Agustono, Hiprita Putri Karlina,. "Fermentasi Ampas Kelapa Menggunakan Trichoderma viride, Bacillus subtilis, Dan EM4 Terhadap Kandungan Protein Kasar Dan Serat Kasar Sebagai Bahan Pakan Alternatif Ikan [Fermentation Of Coconut Dregs Using Trichoderma viride, Bacillus subtilis, And EM4 Against Crude Protein And Crude Fiber As An Alternative Feed Ingredients For Fish]." Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan 5, no. 1 (January 20, 2019): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v5i1.11429.
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Abstract Feed plays an important role in fish farming. Feed requirements achieve 60-70% of the cost of fish farming operations. Availability of feed with quality and sufficient quantity is aimed in increasing fish production. A very high feed prices due to artificial feed ingredients used are expensive and required in large quantities. Therefore, it is necessary to find alternatives to fish directly or indirectly obtaining appropiate and adequate nutrition needs to grow. The raw material content used for feed is coconut dregs (Cocos nucifera). The availability of the coconut dregs is abundant and potensial for fish feed ingredients. The coconut dregs is also one type or plantation waste which still has potential to be processed into the manufacture of fish feed. The coconut dregs flour can be processed by fermentation to improve quality. This study was aimed to determine the increase in crude protein content and a decrease in crude fiber content of coconut dregs fermented with Trichoderma viride; Bacillus subtilis and EM4. The research method was an experiment with Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The treatments used without the addition of microbes (P0), Bacillus subtilis 6% (P1), Trichoderma viride 6% (P2), and EM4 6% (P3) with 5 repeatitions each. The parameters observed were the content of crude protein and crude fiber after 7 days of fermentation. Data analysis used Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and to determine the best treatments using Duncan Multiple Distance Test with 5% confidence interval. The results indicated that coconut dregs fermented with Bacillus subtilis (P1), Trichoderma viride (P2), and EM4 (P3) produced the difference of crude protein and fiber. The best treatment on the increase in crude protein content was Bacillus subtilis (P1) of 7.5564%. The best treatment on the decrease in crude fiber content was EM4 (P3) of 22.3967%. However, the results of the flour fermented coconut dregs can not be used as an alternative feed material because the fermented coconut dregs is not qualified for fish feed. This is due to a lack of crude protein and high crude fiber content.
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Akbar, Andri, I. Gusti Putu Octavio, and Rida Aini Rahmawati. "DEVELOPMENT OF FISH FARMING IN BUCKETS SYSTEM AND INNOVATION OF PROCESSED PRODUCTS TO IMPROVE COMMUNITY RESILIENCE IN THE FACE OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC." Volume 5 No. 2 September 2021 5, no. 2 (September 19, 2021): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.23969/jcbeem.v5i2.4539.
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The Covid-19 pandemic has an impact in all fields, namely in terms of health, social, economic, and food. Reduced income or even job loss to cause a decrease in the ability to meet basic needs, namely family food needs. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) of Pertamina Corporation Integrated Terminal Jakarta initiated collaboration between community groups and various stakeholders through the integration of the budikdamber system and the development of processed product innovations done in Rawa Badak Selatan Village, Koja District, North Jakarta as the Area 1 Company's Ring. The development of processed innovation products is carried out together with the Bunda Koja group by carrying out all contain catfish product (ACE) activities. ACE's budikdamber activities are empowered by cultivating fish and vegetables in buckets carried out in several yards of residents of the Rawa Badak Selatan Village. This activity is expected to contribute to the community’s resilience in the face of pandemics by increasing knowledge and skills in developing mental systems and their processed products. The implementation of activities is carried out by training methods and the application of mentoring. The community generally feels helped because the process of making processed and ACE budikdamber is empowered to facilitate for the community to get nutritious food. This activity also has an impact on improving nutrition and socioeconomics of toddler parents, through training in nutritious catfish processed products, toddler mothers can learn to understand the importance of nutritious food for toddlers.
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Hudson, Suraya, Naomi Krogman, and Mary Beckie. "Social practices of knowledge mobilization for sustainable food production: nutrition gardening and fish farming in the kolli hills of India." Food Security 8, no. 3 (May 25, 2016): 523–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12571-016-0580-z.
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Rakhfid, Abdul, Rifai Mauga, Fendi Fendi, Mosriula Mosriula, Wa Ode Sry Wulan, Muhammad Bakri, Alimin Alimin, and Rochmady Rochmady. "Frekuensi pemberian pakan untuk pertumbuhan benih ikan Lele Sangkuriang (Clarias gariepinus)." Agrikan: Jurnal Agribisnis Perikanan 13, no. 2 (December 3, 2020): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.29239/j.agrikan.13.2.260-268.
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Catfish has various advantages, including fast growth, high adaptability to the environment, delicious taste, and high nutritional content. As a source of nutrition for reared fish, feed is a factor that plays a very important and decisive role in the success of fish farming. The research aims to determine the effect of feeding frequency on the growth and survival of sangkuriang catfish larvae (C. gariepinus). The study was conducted from June to July 2020 at the Abelisawa Fish Seed Center (BBI), Sampara District, Konawe Regency, South East Sulawesi Province using a Completely Randomized Design with three frequencies of feeding treatment, namely treatment A feeding twice a day, treatment B feeding 3 times a day and treatment C feeding 4 times a day with 3 replications. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at 95% confidence level (a 0,05). The results obtained the highest daily growth in treatment B of 3.11 ± 0.04% per day, followed by treatment A of 2.58 ± 0.05% per day and the lowest in treatment C of 2.53 ± 0.03% per day. The highest absolute growth was obtained in the frequency of feeding 3 times a day at 37.27 ± 0.20 g per individual, followed by 2 times a day at 27.64 ± 0.40 g per individual and the lowest at feeding 4 times a day at 26.51 ± 0.92 g per individual. Survival in all 3 treatments reached 100%. Analysis of variance (α 0.05) shows that different feeding frequencies significantly affect the daily growth rate (0.05>0.00) and absolute growth (0.05>0.00) sangkuriang catfish larvae (C. gariepinus).
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Babatunde, R. O., A. E. Omoniwa, A. O. Adekunle, and G. T. Oyeleke. "Effect of Food Expenditure on Farming Households’ Welfare in Osun State, Nigeria." Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova 52, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cerce-2019-0009.
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Abstract Food and nutrition security remain Africa’s most fundamental challenge for human welfare and economic growth. In this study, recent survey data from Osun State, Nigeria, was used to examine the effect of food expenditure on farming households’ welfare in Nigeria. Logistic and OLS regression models were the analytical tools used. Food Insecurity Gap (FIG) and Squared Food Insecurity Gap (SFIG) were used to capture the severity of food insecurity among the households. The results showed that, all households sampled consume rice, beans, vegetable, fish and oil as basic food items, while only 32% of them consume potatoes. The regression results showed that the household size, per capita income, dependency ratio and age were the highly significant factors influencing food expenditure. However, the coping strategy that was mostly adopted by the farmers in the study area was to cut down on the numbers of food items consumed. Therefore, it was recommended that farm mechanization should be encouraged for optimal land use and productivity. In all, promoting agricultural policies with appropriate price incentives that focus on intensification, diversification and resource-stabilizing innovations will create more wealth for all categories of farming households and this in turn will ensure food security, especially in an era of economic deregulation.
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Akbar, Cahiadir Ali, Sukanto Sukanto, and Siti Rukayah. "KUALITAS PAKAN FERMENTATIF BERBAHAN KULIT UBI KAYU DENGAN INOKULAN MEP+ UNTUK KULTUR IKAN NILA GESIT (Oreochromis niloticus L.)." Scripta Biologica 1, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.sb.2014.1.2.440.
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Feed is a major component in fish farming. However, the relatively high price of feed is very burdensome for fish farmers. Therefore a relatively low-cost solution is needed to address that problem. The use of local materials such as bran, waste mushroom, tofu, onggok starch, and skin cassava can be utilized as an alternative to reduce the needs of imported materials. However, the local materials have constraints regarding nutrition and digestibility, so an appropriate technology is required to overcome this. Improving the quality of the feed can be done by fermentation. Fermentation works by breaking macromolecules such as carbohydrates and amino acids into micromolecules, so the absorption of feed nutrients in the fish intestines become more efficient. The use of inoculants MEP+ aimed to improve the digestibility of feed, detoxification and increased the productivity of tilapia GESIT (Oreochromis niloticus). This study aimed to determine the effect of fermentation on enhancing the quality of feed nutrients made from cassava skin chips by the application of inoculant MEP+. The study was carried out experimentally using a complete randomized design. The independent variable in this study was the type of feed. Observed dependent variable was feed quality. The main parameter measured was the proximate level. Supporting parameter was the growth of tilapia GESIT. The results showed a progressive increase in the levels of nutrients of feed fermented in each treatment. The increments were recorded in treatment A from 16.15 became 21.64, in B from 13.21 became 15.46, in C from 9.66 became 11.53, and in D from 8.34 became 9.87. This result implies that the use of MEP+ fermentation inoculants could boost the nutritional content of food, with an average of the increment value of 11-15%. The increment of nutrient contents in each treatment was also affected the weight gain of fish although no significant difference were observed.
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IEGOROV, B., L. FIHURSKA, М. TERZI, and O. RUHLENKO. "THE CHARACTERISTIC OF COMPOUND FEEDS FOR CLARIAS GARIEPINUS." Grain Products and Mixed Fodder’s 19, no. 1 (April 26, 2019): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15673/gpmf.v19i1.1319.
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The article states that industrial fish farming in inland waters has become increasingly important in the recent years and it is one of the sources for satisfying the needs of people in the high-protein foods. The fish meat is an extremely rich source of proteins, which are easily digested, vitamins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, macro- and microelements. One of the priorities of the development of the fish farming in Ukraine is the cultivation of the Clarias gariepinus. Clarias gariepinus or African sharptooth catfish is a species of catfish of the family Clariidae, the airbreathing catfishes. In 2017, with the support of the Ukrainian State Agency, the Institute of Fisheries of Ukraine on the part of the state and the companies Vismar Aqua, Aquaprom and the Dutch company Trouw Nutrition («Skretting»), the program was developed to increase the cultivation of the Clarias gariepinus under the name Clarias gariepinus - 2020. The objective of the program is to provide 2020 tons of Clarias gariepinus until 2020. Today, the production of the Clarias gariepinus in Ukraine is about 500 tons per year; about50 farms are engaged in cultivation. That is why the production of balanced domestic compound feeds for Clarias gariepinus is an important task of the feed industry of Ukraine. The theoretical study was devoted to the problem of the production of compound feeds for the Clarias gariepinus. The nutritional value of compound feeds for Clarias gariepinus a depends on the stage of the life cycle of this species of fish. The above world leaders are manufacturers of compound feeds for Clarias gariepinus, the analysis of granule size and nutritional value of compound feeds on the content of crude protein in prestarting, starting, growth and finishing periods respectively. The requirements for the content of essential and non-essential amino acids, minerals (micro and micronutrients), waterand fat soluble vitamins and restrictions on the content of crude fiber are given. Indicated the main and additional raw materials, traditionally used in the manufacture of data feed advanced companies. The main components are fish meal, produced under relatively low drying conditions, wing meal, corn and wheat gluten, soy products, by-products of extraction oil and press production oil (soya, sunflower and other cakes and meals), premisex, carotenoids like astaxanthin. The feeding programs of the Clarias gariepinus of various manufacturers have been analyzed and their own feeding program has been developed for this species of fish; it divides the period of cultivation of the Clarias gariepinus into prelaunch, starting, growth and finishing ones. For prestart mixed feeds, the content of crude protein should be at least 45%, raw fat at least 12%, raw fiber not more than 1.8%, gross energy not less than 13.7 MJ, raw ash not more than 8%. For starter feed, the content of crude protein should be at least 42%, raw fat at least 12%, raw fiber not more than 3%, gross energy not less than 13.1 MJ,raw ash not more than 9.5%. For grower’s feeds, the content of crude protein should be at least 38%, raw fat at least 12%, crude fiber not more than 3%, gross energy not less than 12 MJ, raw ash not more than 9.5%.
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Burhanuddin, Burhanuddin, Asni Anwar, Andi Khaeriyah, Akmaluddin Akmaluddin, Sitti Arwati, Muhammad Ikbal, and Hamsah Hamsah. "Meningkatkan Pemahamanan Pembuatan Pakan Ikan Pada Anggota Kelompok Jenber Sistem Keramba Jaring Apung di Kelurahan Tanjung Merdeka, Kota Makassar." To Maega : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat 4, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.35914/tomaega.v4i1.434.
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AbstrakPemanfaatan aliran sungai menjadi lahan budidaya ikan air tawar sangat digemari warga sekitar bantaran sungai. Masyarakat disekitar aliran sungai Je’neberang telah memanfaatkan aliran sungai menjadi lahan budidaya system keramba jaring apung (KJA) dengan membudidayakan ikan air tawar seperti ikan Lele, ikan Nila dan ikan Patin. Permintaan ikan Lele, Nila dan Patin sangat tinggi, namun dilapangan produksi ikan belum mampu memenuhi kebutuhan pasar. Beberapa faktor penyebab rendahnya produksi adalah lambatnya pertumbuhan dan sintasan akibat kurangnya nutrisi ikan budidaya sebagai dampak dari meminimalisirkan penggunaan pakan komersial yang relatif mahal bagi pembudidaya. Penggunaan pakan buatan yang berkualitas tinggi dengan memanfaatkan limbah organik rumah tangga sangat membantu untuk menyelesaikan bebarapa permasalahan pembudidaya, khusunya pada kelompok pembudidaya ikan “Jenber” di Kota Makassar. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan yang dilakukan diketahui bahwa tehnik budidaya ikan air tawar khususnya ikan Lele, Nila, dan Patin dilakukan masyarakat dengan memanfaatkan aliran sungai dengan cara yang sederhana tanpa pemanfaatan teknologi tepat guna. Melalui kegiatan penyuluhan ini, kelompok mitra menjadi mengetahui tehnik pembuatan pakan dengan bahan dasar limbah rumah tangga yang tidak bernilai menjadi pakan ikan yang bernilai tinggi serta ramah lingkungan. Saran yang diberikan untuk kegiatan selanjutnya adalah pendampingan yang intensif agar kelompok budidaya ikan dapat konsisten menerapkan metode budidaya ikan yang ramah lingkungan, murah dan efektif, seperti penggunaan pakan dari limbah limbah organik rumah tangga.Kata Kunci : Pakan ikan,ramah lingkungan, budidaya, sungai.AbstractThe Utilization of river flow into freshwater fish cultivation is very popular among residents around the riverbanks. Communities around the Je’ neberang river have used the river to become a floating net cage system (KJA) cultivation by cultivating freshwater fish such as Catfish, Tilapia and Silver Catfish. The demand for Catfish, Tilapia and Silver Catfish are very high, but the fish production field has not been able to meet the market needs. Some of the factors causing the low production are slow growth and low survival rate due to the lack of nutrition for cultured fish as a result of minimizing the use of commercial feed which is relatively expensive for farmers. The use of high-quality artificial feed by utilizing household organic waste is beneficial to solve some problems for farmers, especially in the “Jenber” fish farmer group in Makassar City. Based on the results of the activities carried out, it is known that freshwater fish cultivation techniques, especially Catfish, Tilapia, and Silver Catfish are carried out by the community by utilizing river flow efficiently without the use of appropriate technology. Through this outreach activity, the partner groups learned about the technique of making feed with non-valuable household waste as high value and environmentally friendly fish feed. Suggestions given for further activities are intensive assistance so that fish farming groups can consistently implement environmentally friendly, inexpensive and effective fish farming methods, such as the use of feed from household organic waste.Keyword : fish feed, environmentally friendly, cultivation, the river
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Betancor, Monica B., Thi M. C. Dam, James Walton, Thea Morken, Patrick J. Campbell, and Douglas R. Tocher. "Modulation of selenium tissue distribution and selenoprotein expression in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) fed diets with graded levels of plant ingredients." British Journal of Nutrition 115, no. 8 (February 24, 2016): 1325–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114516000416.
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AbstractIncreased substitution of marine ingredients by terrestrial plant products in aquafeeds has been proven to be suitable for Atlantic salmon farming. However, a reduction in n-3 long-chain PUFA is a consequence of this substitution. In contrast, relatively little attention has been paid to the effects of fishmeal and oil substitution on levels of micronutrients such as Se, considering fish are major sources of this mineral for human consumers. To evaluate the effects of dietary marine ingredient substitution on tissue Se distribution and the expression of Se metabolism and antioxidant enzyme genes, Atlantic salmons were fed three feeds based on commercial formulations with increasing levels of plant proteins (PP) and vegetable oil. Lipid content in flesh did not vary at any sampling point, but it was higher in the liver of 1 kg of fish fed higher PP. Fatty acid content reflected dietary input and was related to oxidation levels (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances). Liver had the highest Se levels, followed by head kidney, whereas the lowest contents were found in brain and gill. The Se concentration of flesh decreased considerably with high levels of substitution, reducing the added value of fish consumption. Only the brain showed significant differences in glutathione peroxidase, transfer RNA selenocysteine 1-associated protein 1b and superoxide dismutase expression, whereas no significant regulation of Se-related genes was found in liver. Although Se levels in the diets satisfied the essential requirements of salmon, high PP levels led to a reduction in the supply of this essential micronutrient.
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Jin, Yang, Rolf E. Olsen, Gareth B. Gillard, Mari-Ann Østensen, Sven A. Korsvoll, Nina Santi, Jon O. Vik, Simen R. Sandve, and Yngvar Olsen. "A systemic study of lipid metabolism regulation in salmon fingerlings and early juveniles fed plant oil." British Journal of Nutrition 120, no. 6 (August 1, 2018): 653–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114518001885.
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AbstractIn salmon farming, the scarcity of fish oil has driven a shift towards the use of plant-based oil from vegetable or seed, leading to fish feed low in long-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA) and cholesterol. Atlantic salmon has the capacity to synthesise both LC-PUFA and cholesterol, but little is known about the regulation of synthesis and how it varies throughout salmon life span. Here, we present a systemic view of lipid metabolism pathways based on lipid analyses and transcriptomic data from salmon fed contrasting diets of plant or fish oil from first feeding. We analysed four tissues (stomach, pyloric caeca, hindgut and liver) at three life stages (initial feeding 0·16 g, 2·5 g fingerlings and 10 g juveniles). The strongest response to diets higher in plant oil was seen in pyloric caeca of fingerlings, with up-regulation of thirty genes in pathways for cholesterol uptake, transport and biosynthesis. In juveniles, only eleven genes showed differential expression in pyloric caeca. This indicates a higher requirement of dietary cholesterol in fingerlings, which could result in a more sensitive response to plant oil. The LC-PUFA elongation and desaturation pathway was down-regulated in pyloric caeca, probably regulated bysrebp1genes. In liver, cholesterol metabolism and elongation and desaturation genes were both higher on plant oil. Stomach and hindgut were not notably affected by dietary treatment. Plant oil also had a higher impact on fatty acid composition of fingerlings compared with juveniles, suggesting that fingerlings have less metabolic regulatory control when primed with plant oil diet compared with juveniles.
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Madibana, MJ, CH Fouché, and CM Mnisi. "Challenges facing emerging aquaculture entrepreneurs in South Africa and possible solutions." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 20, no. 06 (October 31, 2020): 16689–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.94.18890.
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Despite aquaculture being hailed as the fastest growing farming sector in the world, South African aquaculture is still lagging behind. This article aims to highlight challenges (mostly beyond their control) that South Africa’s emerging aquaculture entrepreneurs have to endure in order to find a breakthrough into the industry. Availability of necessary resources such as land, water, infrastructure,financial support and access to markets, as well as crime are among challenges faced by these entrepreneurs on a daily basis. Limited human resources in capacity building, skills and aquaculture expertise also hinders the development and expansion of aquaculture in South Africa. Complex legislation governing aquaculture further limits the development of this sector to prospective investors. Fish and machinery theft in fish farms has an adverse effect, which had resulted in many enterprises closing down in recent years. South Africa is not a traditional fish-eating nation and this phenomenon has seen many emerging entrepreneurs struggling to locally commercialize their produce. It is well known that fish consumption provides human nutrition with essential nutrients necessary for normal body function. Thus,aquaculture has the potential to contribute to food and nutrition security and alleviate poverty in rural communities. However, plenty of initiatives need to be developed by government and the private sector to develop a sustainable aquaculture industry. These initiatives should involve the establishment of an aquaculture friendly legislation that would support emerging aquaculture entrepreneurs. Several financial institutions view aquaculture as a high-risk business,and as a consequence,decline financial support or loan requests from emerging farmers.Focused research as a strategic initiative to develop aquaculture species that would be first priority for local markets is encouraged. This article explores the challenges facing emerging entrepreneurs and suggests possible solutions that might assist in the development of the aquaculture sector in South Africa. We postulate that constructive and regular engagements between the government and private sector is a key to a sustainable and prosperous aquaculture sector in South Africa.
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Nakamura, Tomoki, Akihiro Azuma, Toshiro Kuribayashi, Hiroki Sugihara, Seisuke Okuda, and Masao Nakagawa. "Serum fatty acid levels, dietary style and coronary heart disease in three neighbouring areas in Japan: the Kumihama study." British Journal of Nutrition 89, no. 2 (February 2003): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn2002747.
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CHD mortality is extremely low in Japan, particularly in rural districts, when compared with that in Western countries. This has been partly attributed to the difference in dietary lifestyle. We investigated the factors influencing CHD mortality in a rural coastal district of Japan, comprising mercantile, farming, and fishing areas with distinct dietary habits. We prospectively examined the incidence of CHD from 1994 to 1998, as well as coronary risk factors and serum fatty acid concentrations. The incidence of angina pectoris was significantly (P=0·01) lower in the fishing area than in the mercantile and farming areas. Blood pressure, physical activity, prevalence of diabetes, serum levels of uric acid and HDL-cholesterol were similar between the three areas. Total- and LDL-cholesterol levels were significantly lower but the smoking rate was markedly higher in the fishing area than in the other two areas. Serum levels of saturated fatty acids andn−6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were lowest in the fishing area, butn−3 PUFA did not differ significantly. Then−6:n−3 PUFA ratio was lowest and eicosapentaenoic:arachidonic acid was highest in the fishing area. Although many previous studies have emphasized the beneficial effect ofn−3 PUFA in preventing CHD, the present study indicated that a lower intake ofn−6 PUFA and saturated fatty acids has an additional preventive effect on CHD even when the serum level ofn−3 PUFA is high because of high dietary fish consumption.
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Dewanti, Parawita. "Budidaya Terpadu Ikan dan Sayuran melalui Metode Akuaponik Di Desa Serut Kecamatan Panti Kabupaten Jember." Warta Pengabdian 13, no. 4 (December 11, 2019): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/wrtp.v13i4.13766.
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Abstract
Socialization and hydroponic business practices have been carried out through a Posdaya established by the Jember University Service Institute in Karang Anom Hamlet in Serut village, Panti District, Jember Regency. Serut village was chosen as a target in the partner village development program because it has high potential for the development of hydroponic vegetables in terms of location, community awareness and independence and has an entrepreneurial spirit. On the other hand, the results of observations also found that some residents in Karang Anom Hamlet in Serut Village, Panti District have a fish farming business that has been running for the past few years. Efforts of integrated cultivation of vegetables and fish through the Aquaponics method are expected to produce 2 products at once in a one-time production process, so that products that will benefit the local community and the community at large to meet family food and nutrition are expected. and skills in managing integrated fish and vegetable cultivation in one production process. Therefore, adequate facilities and infrastructure are needed so that the partner groups can utilize aquaponics technology. The results of the activity showed that there was a positive response from the members of the partner group which was shown by the enthusiasm of the participants in participating in a series of training from start to finish. The product has been obtained in one aquaponic production per month will produce 50 kg of catfish and 40 kg of vegetables. For 3 units of fish ponds, 150 kg of catfish and 120 kg of vegetables will be produced within 3 months.
Keywords: Aquaponics, Catfish, Vegetables, Hydroponics
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Stoev, Ts, and G. Zhelyazkov. "Productive traits, blood biochemical parameters and meat quality of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss W.) fed with supplement of nutmeg extract (Myristica fragrans)." Agricultural Science and Technology 12, no. 4 (December 2020): 324–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/ast.2020.04.051.
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Abstract. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the dietary nutmeg extract (Myristica fragrans) supplement on the survival rate, weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), economic efficiency (ECR), blood biochemical parameters, chemical composition and fatty acid profile of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss W.), cultivated in a recirculation system. One hundred and sixty rainbow trouts were distributed in two experimental variants, each with two replications with 80 fish in one group. The average initial live weight of trouts from control (C) and experimental (E) groups was 13.43±0.33 g and 13.46±0.29 g, respectively. Fish were reared in concrete tanks with effective volume of 0.8 m3, part of a recirculation system. Trouts were fed „Aqua garant UNI“ extruded feed produced by Garant-Tiernahrung Gesellschaft m.b.H. – Austria, with pellet size of 2 mm. The feed of fish from the experimental group was supplemented with 1% powdered nutmeg extract (P.I.C.Co LTD), by lubricating the pellets with 5 ml sunflower oil/100 g feed. Control rainbow trouts received feed lubricated with the same amount of sunflower oil. Fish from both groups were fed 3 times daily and their ration was 3% of body weight. The experimental period lasted 60 days. The dietary supplementation of rainbow trouts with nutmeg extract had a negative impact on growth performance and economic efficiency of farming of the species. Final live weight and average individual weight gain were lower, and FCR and ECR values were inferior vs controls. The nutmeg extract had also an adverse effect on water content and dry matter of meat from supplemented fish. A positive effect was demonstrated only on meat fat content, which was substantially lower compared to that of control fish. Despite the higher SFA as well as lower UFA, MUFA, PUFA, n-6 and n-3 fatty acid content of trout meat that received nutmeg extract with feed, the PUFA/SFA and n-6/n-3 ratios remained within the favourable range for human nutrition, e.g. >0.4 and <5, respectively.
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Stoev, Ts, and G. Zhelyazkov. "Productive traits, blood biochemical parameters and meat quality of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss W.) fed with supplement of nutmeg extract (Myristica fragrans)." Agricultural Science and Technology 12, no. 4 (December 2020): 324–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/ast.2020.04.051.
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Abstract. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the dietary nutmeg extract (Myristica fragrans) supplement on the survival rate, weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), economic efficiency (ECR), blood biochemical parameters, chemical composition and fatty acid profile of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss W.), cultivated in a recirculation system. One hundred and sixty rainbow trouts were distributed in two experimental variants, each with two replications with 80 fish in one group. The average initial live weight of trouts from control (C) and experimental (E) groups was 13.43±0.33 g and 13.46±0.29 g, respectively. Fish were reared in concrete tanks with effective volume of 0.8 m3, part of a recirculation system. Trouts were fed „Aqua garant UNI“ extruded feed produced by Garant-Tiernahrung Gesellschaft m.b.H. – Austria, with pellet size of 2 mm. The feed of fish from the experimental group was supplemented with 1% powdered nutmeg extract (P.I.C.Co LTD), by lubricating the pellets with 5 ml sunflower oil/100 g feed. Control rainbow trouts received feed lubricated with the same amount of sunflower oil. Fish from both groups were fed 3 times daily and their ration was 3% of body weight. The experimental period lasted 60 days. The dietary supplementation of rainbow trouts with nutmeg extract had a negative impact on growth performance and economic efficiency of farming of the species. Final live weight and average individual weight gain were lower, and FCR and ECR values were inferior vs controls. The nutmeg extract had also an adverse effect on water content and dry matter of meat from supplemented fish. A positive effect was demonstrated only on meat fat content, which was substantially lower compared to that of control fish. Despite the higher SFA as well as lower UFA, MUFA, PUFA, n-6 and n-3 fatty acid content of trout meat that received nutmeg extract with feed, the PUFA/SFA and n-6/n-3 ratios remained within the favourable range for human nutrition, e.g. >0.4 and <5, respectively.
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Asis, Abdul, Muhammad Sugihartono, and Muarofah Ghofur. "PERTUMBUHAN IKAN PATIN SIAM (Pangasianodon hypopthalmus F.) PADA PEMELIHARAAN SISTEM AKUAPONIK DENGAN KEPADATAN YANG BERBEDA." Jurnal Akuakultur Sungai dan Danau 2, no. 2 (October 31, 2017): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/akuakultur.v2i2.17.
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The waste generated in fish farming can be utilized by plants as a source of nutrition by integrating it through the aquaponic system. This study aims to determine the optimum density of catfish maintained on the aquaponic system in producing the best growth. The fish used in this study are catfish (Pangasianodon hypopthalmus F) while the plants used are kale which act as biofilter. This study used RAL with 4 treatments and 3 replications. Where treatment A (2 tail / liter); B (3 tail / liter); C (4 tail / liter); and D (5 tail / liter). From result of research indicate that at treatment B yield best growth that is equal to 2,80 gr at end of research.Keywords: Aquaponic system, catfish, biofilterLimbah yang dihasilkan dalam budidaya ikan dapat dimanfaatkan oleh tanaman sebagai sumber nutrisi dengan mengintegrasikannya melalui sistem akuaponik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kepadatan optimum ikan patin siam yang dipelihara pada sistem akuaponik dalam menghasilkan pertumbuhan terbaik. Ikan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah ikan patin siam (Pangasianodon hypopthalmus F) sedangkan tanaman yang digunakan adalah kangkung yang berperan sebagai biofilter. Penelitian ini menggunakan RAL dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Dimana perlakuan A (2 ekor/liter); B (3 ekor/liter); C (4 ekor/liter); dan D (5 ekor/liter). Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada perlakuan B menghasilkan pertumbuhan terbaik yaitu sebesar 2,80 gr pada akhir penelitian.Kata kunci : Sistem akuaponik, ikan patin siam, biofilter
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Didenko, Nikolay I., Vladimir A. Davydenko, Elena R. Magaril, Gulnara F. Romashkina, Djamilia F. Skripnuk, and Sergei V. Kulik. "The Nutrition and Health Status of Residents of the Northern Regions of Russia: Outlook of Vertical Agricultural Farms." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 2 (January 7, 2021): 414. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020414.
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This paper is dedicated to studying the nutrition, health status and food provision of the people living the northern regions of Russia. The authors developed a concept of comprehensive interdisciplinary research of traditional and innovative behavioral practices of actors in the northern regions of Russia in the field of food production and consumption in order to study the structure of nutrition of the population, its health status and the technologies that are used to provide the people with food products. The interdisciplinary comprehensive research applied the following methods: (a) statistical method; (b) sociological method of mass survey; (c) sociological method of expert interviews; (d) method of feasibility study; (e) method of mathematical modeling. According to the results of the analysis, the nutrition of the people living in the norther regions is characterized by insufficient consumption of fresh vegetables, meat and processed meat, fish and seafood, milk and dairy products, some vitamins and bio-elements (such as selenium, calcium) and excessive consumption of saturated fats and flour products. The following problems related to providing the population of the northern regions of Russia with food products were identified: the agriculture in almost all northern regions of Russia has negative profitability; imported food products and food ingredients are mostly used; there are drawbacks of logistics, transportation and storage of food products; the natural and climate conditions are unfavorable for traditional agriculture. The paper substantiates the economic, environmental, social, and political advantages of highly automated agro-industrial complex of vertical farming as an alternative method for providing food security of the inhabitants of the northern regions of Russia.
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Didenko, Nikolay I., Vladimir A. Davydenko, Elena R. Magaril, Gulnara F. Romashkina, Djamilia F. Skripnuk, and Sergei V. Kulik. "The Nutrition and Health Status of Residents of the Northern Regions of Russia: Outlook of Vertical Agricultural Farms." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 2 (January 7, 2021): 414. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020414.
Full textAbstract:
This paper is dedicated to studying the nutrition, health status and food provision of the people living the northern regions of Russia. The authors developed a concept of comprehensive interdisciplinary research of traditional and innovative behavioral practices of actors in the northern regions of Russia in the field of food production and consumption in order to study the structure of nutrition of the population, its health status and the technologies that are used to provide the people with food products. The interdisciplinary comprehensive research applied the following methods: (a) statistical method; (b) sociological method of mass survey; (c) sociological method of expert interviews; (d) method of feasibility study; (e) method of mathematical modeling. According to the results of the analysis, the nutrition of the people living in the norther regions is characterized by insufficient consumption of fresh vegetables, meat and processed meat, fish and seafood, milk and dairy products, some vitamins and bio-elements (such as selenium, calcium) and excessive consumption of saturated fats and flour products. The following problems related to providing the population of the northern regions of Russia with food products were identified: the agriculture in almost all northern regions of Russia has negative profitability; imported food products and food ingredients are mostly used; there are drawbacks of logistics, transportation and storage of food products; the natural and climate conditions are unfavorable for traditional agriculture. The paper substantiates the economic, environmental, social, and political advantages of highly automated agro-industrial complex of vertical farming as an alternative method for providing food security of the inhabitants of the northern regions of Russia.
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Uddin, Md Taj, Najmul Hossain, and Aurup Ratan Dhar. "Business prospects and challenges in Haor areas of Bangladesh." Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 17, no. 1 (March 28, 2019): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v17i1.40665.
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Bangladesh has experienced promising improvements in its overall economic, social and health conditions, but the progress is not up to the mark in Haor areas. Improvements in this sector can lead to increase in production, employment and poverty reduction. Aside from increased productivity, farmers need a supporting business environment where availability and access to agricultural inputs are ensured, fair returns to investment are secured. Keeping these issues in mind, the study was conducted to measure productivity, profitability, and price variation of inputs and outputs; and to identify business challenges and suggest policy options for overcoming constraints and exploring intervention strategies in Haor regions. Primary data were collected from Mohongonj upazila of Netrakona district and Mithamoin upazila of Kishoregonj district. A total of 120 farmers and 24 service providers were interviewed for data collection. Face-to-face interview, focus group discussions (FGD) and key informant interviews (KII) were conducted to collect primary data. For analyzing the data, descriptive statistics and accounting method were used to achieve the objectives. The study revealed that average farm size of the respondents was 0.73 hectare. Most of the farmers (39.2%) followed the farming system of crop-livestock-fish catching (C-L-F). Fish catching was the most profitable enterprise with BCR 2.12. The differences in productivity of crop farming and poultry rearing between Haor areas and main land were found statistically significant. Remarkable differences in quantity and price of inputs and outputs were seen in Haor areas and main land. Favorable farm environment and proper utilization of agricultural resources were identified as major strength and opportunity in the study areas. Formation of agribusiness clusters involving input suppliers, credit/financial organizations and different support service providers will result in more income, better nutrition and improved livelihood of the Haor people. The study concludes that the business environment in the Haor areas has a high potential to be exposed with the integration of available local agricultural resources. Government price support and improved market management are recommended for accessibility and appropriate use of agricultural inputs, and for managing local productive resources in use of business prospects in the study areas.
J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 17(1): 65–72, March 2019
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Burhaz, Maryna, and Olha Soborova. "FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT AND THE FORMATION OF THE FISH PRODUCTS MARKET IN UKRAINE AND IN THE CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 6, no. 3 (August 5, 2020): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2020-6-3-10-18.
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The fishing industry is an important component of the economy not only in Ukraine, but also in all Central and Eastern European countries at the present stage of development. Developing and implementing the innovative technologies in fish farming and fish processing require mandatory and constant analysis of the fish market infrastructure. In the fishing industry, trade plays an important role as an employment center, a food supplier, a source of income, a contribution to economic growth and development, and also for food security and nutrition. For many countries and numerous coastal, river, island and inland regions, fish exports are critically important to the economy. The purpose of the study is to find out a current state of the fishing industry in Ukraine and in the Central and Eastern European countries, the prospects for its development and to conduct a research of fish and fish products importexport. The problem of the fisheries economic development in Ukraine and in the Central and Eastern European countries has been considered in the works of many domestic scientists and is reflected in a number of Laws of Ukraine, state programs and legislative acts, but many issues remain unsolved. Methodology. The state of fisheries in Ukraine has been researched, the amount of edible fish and fish products per capita by the population of Ukraine over the past 10 years has been carried out, and the volume of fish and fish products imports and exports in recent years in Ukraine has been analyzed. The catch volumes of fish and fish products in Europe in marine areas, inland waters, and the total volume of aquaculture production in the period from 2000 to 2018 in the Central and Eastern Europe countries have been studied. Result. Since the beginning of the 21st century, Ukraine has lost its potential and fishing opportunities in the marine economic zones of other countries, as a result of which the production of aquatic biological resources was reduced to 220 000-250 000 tons per year from 2007 to 2013. As a result of the annexation of the Crimean Peninsula by the Russian Federation in 2014, the production of aquatic bioresources in Ukraine has further decreased from 225 000 tons in 2013 to 90 000 tons in 2014-2019. All this shows that the Ukrainian fishing industry market is not provided at the expense of its own resources. Therefore, Ukraine constantly imports products from the non-resident partners. Today, Ukraine imports about 90% of fish. This situation is due to the lack of a specialized fleet, processing industry, quotas in the neutral waters and poaching. In addition, the cost of the Ukrainian fish is higher than imported ones, so the products lose their competitiveness. Despite significant imports of fish and fish products to Ukraine, the country continues to increase its domestic products export. In 2019, export of fish products increased by almost 10% compared to 2018, and the Ukrainian producing companies continue to open new sales markets for their products in different countries of the world. Due to limited access to the open sea and a relatively small coastline, almost all Eastern and Central European countries are not among the leaders in fish industry and seafood production. To provide the population with fish and fish products in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, fish are caught intensively in inland waters, as well as, this region is actively restoring its traditional aquaculture systems. In Central and Eastern Europe, the fish processing industry has made great strides in the quality of fishery products, sanitation, transport and supply chain traceability. Practical implications. Currently, fish industry in almost all countries of Central and Eastern Europe is going through a problematic time that has developed due to a number of difficulties in the states, namely: financial ones, a breach of economic ties, the deterioration of the ecological status of the inland waters, an insufficient amount of work to restore fish stocks. This significantly affects the reduction in cultivating and catching the commercial fish in inland waters and in general. The results of the analysis of the economic situation of Ukraine in the fishing industry and the tendencies of possible changes indicate that negative patterns in its development will not be overcome in the absence of state support for the industry. To ensure the development of the fishing industry, the state must restructure the tax and customs policy, and its financing should be carried out at the expense of the state budget. Funding should also be provided for the organizations engaged in the fish stocks study, conservation and reproduction, as well as for the research organizations that carry out the thematic work of national importance. Many transition economies in Central and Eastern Europe have experienced declining in production intensity due to reduced fish farming costs. But in spite of everything, the fisheries of this region continue to grow and develop intensively.
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Ndelekwute, EK, EB Essien, ED Assam, and NJ Ekanem. "Potentials of earthworm and its by-products in animal agriculture and waste management - A review." Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science 45, no. 2 (September 29, 2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v45i2.29801.
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A review work was conducted to unveil the potentials of earthworm (EW) and its by products such as earthworm meal (EWM) and earthworm casts (EWC) in poultry nutrition and management of animal waste. Production of EW is called vermiculture and using it to decompose organic matter is vermicomposting while processing it into such product as EWM is known as vermitechnology. Being a hermaphrodite, breeding is simple and fast, requiring only two EW to come together irrespective of their sexes. Fresh EW could be fed to fish and chickens. Based on literature EWM is high in protein 62 to 65%, essential amino acids such as lysine 6 to 8%, methionine 2 to 5%, leucine 8 to 10%, isoleucine 4 to 6% and phenylalanine 4 to 6%; fat 5 to 8% and fibre< 8%. At dietary inclusion level of 0.2 to 0.6%, EWM reportedly increased feed intake, supported growth, improved carcass quality in broiler chickens, and marginally increased egg size and hen day in layers. Dry EWC could replace 5 to 10% maize in diet for finishing broiler chickens. Rich in macro plant nutrients (e.g. nitrogen 1.94%, calcium 4.4% and potassium 0.7%) EWC is nutritionally sound for growth of pasture crops especially legumes. Earthworm has cellulase, lichenase, chitinase and cellulolytic microorganisms which enable it to degrade organic waste. Cattle dung and other animal manure can be degraded by earthworm thereby reducing environmental pollution. In this era of organic farming and sustainable environment, EW could therefore have a potential place in animal nutrition and management of waste from animals.Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2016. 45 (2): 1-9
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Muggaga, Christopher, D. Ongeng, B. Mugonola, I. Okello-Uma, NA Kaaya, and D. Taylor. "Seasonal variability in food and nutrition security among children 0-3 years in Karamoja sub-region of Uganda." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 21, no. 103 (September 27, 2021): 18474–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.103.16920.
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Optimal nutrition and good feeding of infants and young children are among the most important determinants of their health, growth and development. Due to unimodal climate in Karamoja sub-region, north eastern Uganda, achieving food security remains a development challenge in the area impacting negatively on the nutrition and health status of infants and young children. The current study, therefore, is important in providing the basis for season-based interventions to improve food and nutrition security in Karamoja sub-region. A longitudinal study involving 267 lactating mothers during harvesting season and 380 during planting season was conducted. Data were collected using Individual level Dietary Diversity questionnaire, 24-Hour Dietary Recall, and Anthropometry and were analyzed statistically. The findings indicated that except Abim district, 77.8-97.8%of the lactating mothers never attended school; 75-100% depend on subsistence farming. Lactating mothers (29.9-41.9%) introduced complementary foods to their infants at 6 months, while the age at first introduction of any food to the infant was mostly between 4-6 months. Dietary quality of complementary foods was low across all the districts; 6.7-38.9% of the children ate foods from four or more of the seven food groups in the previous day (Minimum Dietary Diversity) in both seasons. Complementary foods were characterized by plant food sources. With exception of milk and milk products, proportion of children who consumed animal-sourced foods was low, ranging from 0% in meats to 8.9% in fish and sea foods. Energy and nutrient intakes varied according to age groups of the children across districts and season. The proportion of children below -2 Z-score also varied according to districts and it is generally higher during the planting season than the harvesting season. The median of the z-scores for height-for age and Mid Upper Arm Circumference for age ranged from -1 to -2.5. In conclusion, there were variations and disparities in dietary diversity, energy and nutrient intake as well as nutrition status of infants and young children across season and districts in Karamoja sub-region of Uganda. Therefore, interventions to combat malnutrition among children 0-3 years need to take into account seasonal variations for each of the geographical locations in Karamoja sub-region.
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Siregar, Ameilia Zuliyanti, Nurliana Harahap, and Layla Rahma Hayati. "Motivasi Petani dalam Optomalisasi Pemanfaatan Pekarangan di Kecamatan Puncak Sorik Marapi." AGRITEXTS: Journal of Agricultural Extension 45, no. 1 (May 1, 2021): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/agritexts.v45i1.51541.
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<p><em>Fulfillment of food at the individual level is carried out through activities to optimize the use yards, this activity is intended to anticipate food insecurity in various regions. Utilization of yards is managed through approach of integrated agriculture of types plant, livestock and fish farming, to ensure the continuous availability of diverse foods, in order to fulfill family nutrition. The research objectives are to verify the level of farmers motivation which optimizing the utilization of their yards in Puncak Sorik Marapi District. The research uses descriptive analysis by a quantitative approach. Furthermore, the data were collected by a questionnaire instrument which it had tested for validity and reliability, using multiple linear regression and a Likert scale. The study resulted show that level farmers motivation which optimizing the use of yards in Puncak Sorik Marapi District is in the very high category, namely 80.81%, while the results of linear regression onwhich farmer motivation influenced by optimizing used yards are obtained by the following equation Y = - 0.980 + 0.136x_1-0.023x_2 + 0.432x_3 + 0.135x_4. Further tests using t-count showed that the factors that the significant effect on motivation farmers in optimizing use of their yards were farmers' perceptions (2.651), the role of extension workers (5,464), and farmer characteristics (2.894).</em></p>
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Vachko, Yu R., Ye O. Barylo, and K. I. Chmyr. "The results of cultivation and changes in fish and biological indicators of this year carp when using feed additives NuPro® та Bio-Mos." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 22, no. 93 (September 21, 2020): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-a9307.
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The intensification and development potential of the aquaculture sector has created challenges in finding alternative sources of protein for use in fish feed diets to develop feeds that provide adequate nutrition for fish growth while reducing the use of traditional protein sources. Therefore, the paper aimed to study the feasibility and effectiveness of feed additives “Bio-Mos” and “NuPro®” when implementing them into the diet of this year's carp (Сyprinus carpio). Researches were carried out in the conditions of the fishery “Rudnyky” of the Mykolaiv district of the Lviv region. The object of the study was this year's carp (Cyprinus carpio L.), which were grown in monoculture with artificial feed. In our research, it was found that the maximum average monthly temperature of the water supply source is set in August – +25.6 °С. The oxygen concentration was in the range of 6.5–7.3 mg/dm3. The highest values of permanganate oxidation were found in August – 12.8 g O2/m3, NO2 content increased slightly in July (0.052 mgN/l) and August (0.071 mgN/l) the number of nitrates increased slightly in August and September at 0.360 mgN/l and 0.281 mgN/l. The concentration of NH4+ was at the level of minimum values – 0.151–0.331 mg N/dm3. The phosphate content (PO4-3) fluctuated slightly in the range of 0.11–0.18 mg P/dm3. As a result of research, it was found that when the drug “NuPro” was included in the diet, the average individual weight of this year's carp was higher during the caught period by 24.3 %, and when using the additive “Bio-Mos” this figure exceeded the control by 28.6 %. Accordingly, the total mass of caught young carp from the second experimental pond exceeded this figure in the first control pond by 45.0 %, and in the third experimental pond, respectively – by 57.4 %. At the same time, “NuPro” та “Bio-Mos” increase the survival of young people from 9.3 % to 16.7 %. Therefore, when using feed additives “NuPro” and “Bio-Mos” in the amount of 2 % by weight of feed has a positive effect on the productivity of this year`s carp (Cyprinus carpio L.), which are grown in the III zone of fish farming.
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Akuffo, Akua S., and Kwamena K. Quagrainie. "Assessment of Household Food Security in Fish Farming Communities in Ghana." Sustainability 11, no. 10 (May 16, 2019): 2807. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11102807.
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The Government of Ghana and international NGOs have been encouraging the adoption of fish farming to alleviate poverty and food insecurity through training workshops, financial contributions and creation of a fisheries ministry. Nevertheless, there is no study on how these efforts have influenced the household’s welfare, particularly their nutritional quality. Based on this, our objective is to identify the ways through which fish farming impacts the household’s nutritional quality. We hypothesize that engaging in fish farming will increase steady income flow and access to fish for the household’s direct consumption. We adopted the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) approach in a logit framework to achieve this objective and address the endogeneity from the bias of self -selection by creating a statistically similar-looking control group. The results suggest that fish farming households have higher nutritional quality and frequency of food consumed than the non-fish farming households through direct consumption. The probability of adopting fish farming increases with wealth, location, ecological zone and household size but decreases with household income per capita. The average effect of adopting fish farming on household nutritional quality is 15.5 Food Consumption Score points. Policies that encourage women to engage in not only fish processing, but production as well are advised.
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Islam, M. Ariful. "Transboundary diseases of animals: Concerns and management strategies." Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries 3, no. 1 (May 26, 2016): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v3i1.27866.
Full textAbstract:
Transboundary animal diseases (TADs) are greatly contagious epidemic diseases that can spread very rapidly, irrespective of national borders. They cause high rates of death and disease in animals, thereby having serious socio-economic and sometimes public health consequences while constituting a steady threat to the livelihoods of livestock farmers. With the development of technology, livestock production has gained an integral position in the national economy, socioeconomic development, poverty alleviation and nutrition supply for human. Livestock farming is one of the important sources of livelihood to rural peoples in Bangladesh. A healthy livestock is pleasure of any country including Bangladesh. However, rapid trend of globalization has brought upon challenges in maintaining healthy herds of livestock. The emerging infections of foreign origin could spread across national geographical borders and cause devastation in livestock population. As a result, there will be an emergence and spread of new disease in the region which was once free from the disease. Regional and international approaches have to be followed, and the FAO and OIE Global framework-TADs initiative provides the suitable concepts and objectives as well as an organizational framework to link international and regional organizations at the service of their countries to better prevent and control the risks on animal and human health and the economic impact of TADs and emerging animal diseases. In this paper, we have summarized the main diseases of livestock that are transboundary in nature, and sum up the challenges and necessary management strategies in controlling the transboundary diseases.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.3(1): 121-126, April 2016