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1
Andi, Melani, Muhammad Irfan, and Juharni Juharni. "The Role of Inferent Hormones on Gonad Maturity Index and Growth of Ambon Betok Fish (Chrysiptera cyanea)." Agrikan: Jurnal Agribisnis Perikanan 13, no. 2 (December 3, 2020): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.29239/j.agrikan.13.2.160-167.
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One type of marine ornamental fish that can be developed through cultivation is betok Ambon fish. Cultivation of this fish is quite profitable, and easy to maintain. To maintain the sustainability and sustainability of Betok Ambon fish farming, one way to take is to understand and know the growth and reproduction aspects of this type of fish through the provision of inferent hormones appropriately. Review article This aims to reveal the role of the inferent hormone on the aspects of reproduction and growth of Betok Ambon fish. Reproduction is the reproduction process in living things including Betok Ambon fish. The number of eggs produced by Betok Ambon fish varies between 900 and 3,500. Inferent hormone is one type of reproductive hormone that functions to spur and accelerate the level of gonad maturity in animals including fish. The determination of the inferent hormone dosage is based on the determination of the inferent dose in fish, generally around 10 mg - 80 mg or about 0.1 ml - 0.8 ml. Generally, fish that are given inferent hormone at a dose of 40-60 mg / l can increase the gonad maturity index by 25%, in betok Ambon fish by 30%. Inferent hormone doses around 20-40 mg can increase the growth and survival of ambon betok fish.
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Lisna, Lisna, Nurhayati Nurhayati, and Aniz Fitrianisa. "Pola Pertumbuhan Ikan Kerapu Sunu (Plectropomus Leopardus) Di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai Kurau Kabupaten Bangka Tengah." Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan 25, no. 3 (November 23, 2020): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jpk.25.3.208-215.
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Sunu grouper fish belongs to the Seranidae family whose pattern of reproduction is anti hermaphrodite protogyny, which is the gonad as an organ that changes the transition from the female to male phase. The aims of this research is to study the growth pattern of Sunu grouper fish and find out the total of female Sunu grouper or male Sunu grouper that caught a lot. This research was conducted at the Port of Kurau Coastal Fisheries, Central Bangka Regency, Bangka Belitung Province from February to March 2020 using a survey method. The results showed that the catch of tiger grouper fish reached 399,94 kg, consist of 283,44 kg or 581 female fish species and 116,50 kg or 69 fish according to male sex. The total number of fish caught during the study was 650 fish with the growth pattern is allometric positif. The results also showed a coefficient of determination (R2) of female groupers 0.938 and a value of determination (R2) of 0.701 in male groupers. Based on the results of research that has been done can conclude the growth pattern of female Sunu grouper is allometric positif with value 3,09 and the growth pattern of male Sunu grouper is allometric positif with value 3,87. The total of Sunu grouper fish catch along research is about 650 fish consist of 581 female grouper fish and 69 male grouper fish
3
Funkenstein, B., A. Silbergeld, B. Cavari, and Z. Laron. "GROWTH HORMONE INCREASES PLASMA LEVELS OF INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR (IGF-I) IN A TELEOST, THE GILTHEAD SEABREAM (SPARUS AURATA)." Journal of Endocrinology 120, no. 2 (February 1989): R19—R21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.120r019.
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ABSTRACT A heterologous radioimmunoassay (RIA) was applied for the determination of immunoreactive (IR)insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) in a teleost, the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). Serial dilutions of the fish plasma gave a linear curve when added to constant amounts of 125I-labelled human IGF-I(53-70) and antiserum prepared against this fragment. The RIA was used to study the effect of GH on plasma levels of IR-IGF-I in S. aurata. A single injection of human recombinant GH (1 μg/g) resulted in a significant increase in IR-IGF-I at 29, 48 and 72 h, when compared with saline-injected fish. This novel observation suggests that in fish, as in mammals, circulating IGF-I levels are modulated by GH.
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Dwyer, Karen S., Stephen J. Walsh, and Steven E. Campana. "Age determination, validation and growth of Grand Bank yellowtail flounder (Limanda ferruginea)." ICES Journal of Marine Science 60, no. 5 (January 1, 2003): 1123–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1054-3139(03)00125-5.
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Abstract Yellowtail flounder (Limanda ferruginea) (Storer, 1839) on the Grand Bank off Newfoundland were traditionally aged using surface-read whole otoliths. Age determination of otoliths from recaptures of fish tagged in the early 1990s indicated that the traditional ageing technique was underestimating the ages of yellowtail flounder when compared with the time at liberty. Age comparisons between whole and thin-sectioned otoliths showed agreement in age readings up to 7 years; thereafter whole otoliths tended to give much lower ages than those estimated by thin sections. Length–frequency analysis of pelagic and demersal juveniles, captive rearing of juveniles and marginal increment analysis all corroborated age determination based on thin sections. Tag-recaptures and bomb radiocarbon assays validated age interpretations based on thin sections in young and old yellowtail flounder, respectively. Ages were validated up to 25 years for females and 21 years for males. However, because of increased narrowing of annuli in thin-sectioned otoliths from old fish, even thin sections may underestimate the true age of the fish. von Bertalanffy growth curve parameters (combined sexes) were L∞ = 55.6 cm total length, K=0.16 and t0=−0.003. These results challenge the conventional view that yellowtail flounder on the Grand Banks are a relatively fast growing, short-lived species.
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West, I. F., and R. W. Gauldie. "Determination of Fish Age Using 210Pb: 226Ra Disequilibrium Methods." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 51, no. 10 (October 1, 1994): 2333–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f94-236.
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Previous workers have used disequilibrium in the 210Pb: 226Ra ratio in fish otoliths to estimate the age of four teleost species: Hoplostethus atlanticus, Macruronus novaezelandiae, Sebastes diploproa, and Sebastes mentella. We argue that uncontrollable errors due to degassing of intermediate 222Rn from otoliths, unknown sources and sinks of 210Pb and 226Ra, possible changes in the ratio with which these isotopes are accreted to the otolith over the life of the fish, contamination by 210Po, difficulties in obtaining otolith cores, and the dependence of the estimated radiometric ages on the mass growth-in-time model usually adopted for otoliths can invalidate the application of disequilibrium techniques to fish age estimation.
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Kudryavtseva, A. D., and Yu M. Subbotina. "QUALITY CONTROL OF COMMERCIAL FISH GROWN IN POND OF FISH FARM «BISEROVSKIY»." Problems of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology 1, no. 2 (2020): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/vet.san.hyg.ecol.202002010.
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The objects of this research were the mirror carp and trout growth in fishfactory «Biserovskiy ». The purpose of this research was veterinary and sanitary estimation of these fish. We conducted a pathoanatomic autopsy and inspection of fish, determined organoleptic characteristics and conducted microbiological investigation on the presence of coliforms (E. coli), Listeria monocytogenes, S. aureus in the fish. Veterinary-sanitary examination was conducted in accordance with the reference book «Veterinary and sanitary examination of freshwater fish» and «The rules of veterinary and sanitary examination of freshwater fish and crawfish». Microbiological investigation was conducted in accordance with «Instruction of sanitary and microbiological control of alimentary products from fish and marine invertebrates», GOST 26670-91 «Food products. Methods for cultivation of microorganisms», GOST 10444.15-94 «Food products. Methods for determination of quantity of mesophilic aerobes and facultative anaerobes», GOST 31747-2012 «Food products. Methods for detection and quantity determination of coliformes », GOST 32031-2012 «Food products. Methods for detection of Listeria monocytogenes », GOST 31746-2012 «Food products. Methods for detection and quantity determination of coagulase-positive staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus». According to the results of the research, these fish met the requirements of regulatory documentation, which confirms the safety of products for the consumer. Keywords: fish farming, mirrorcarp, trout, pathological investigation, organoleptic investigation, microbiological investigation, veterinary and sanitary examination.
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Loosli, Felix, Sylke Winkler, Carola Burgtorf, Elisa Wurmbach, Wilhelm Ansorge, Thorsten Henrich, Clemens Grabher, et al. "Medakaeyelessis the key factor linking retinal determination and eye growth." Development 128, no. 20 (October 15, 2001): 4035–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.128.20.4035.
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The complete absence of eyes in the medaka fish mutation eyeless is the result of defective optic vesicle evagination. We show that the eyeless mutation is caused by an intronic insertion in the Rx3 homeobox gene resulting in a transcriptional repression of the locus that is rescued by injection of plasmid DNA containing the wild-type locus. Functional analysis reveals that Six3- and Pax6- dependent retina determination does not require Rx3. However, gain- and loss-of-function phenotypes show that Rx3 is indispensable to initiate optic vesicle evagination and to control vesicle proliferation, by that regulating organ size. Thus, Rx3 acts at a key position coupling the determination with subsequent morphogenesis and differentiation of the developing eye.
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Woydack, Andrea, and Beatriz Morales-Nin. "Growth patterns and biological information in fossil fish otoliths." Paleobiology 27, no. 2 (2001): 369–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/0094-8373(2001)027<0369:gpabii>2.0.co;2.
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Teleost otoliths are located in the membranous labyrinth and are mainly composed of aragonite and a small amount of organic matrix. Their rhythmic growth may provide important data about age, growth, maturity, and life-history events.This article presents insights into paleoecological and evolutionary details from a study of the otolith microstructure of Trisopterus kasselensis, Trisopterus sculptus, and Pterothrissus umbonatus (Oligo-Miocene, North Sea Basin). Otoliths of Recent Trisopterus minutus were analyzed using the same methods (light and electron microscopy, thin slides) as a basis for comparison with the fossil sample.Growth structures similar in size and aspect to the seasonal and daily growth increments in living fish indicate both individual age and early life transitions in habitat and life strategy suggesting planktonic larvae and benthic juveniles. The aspect of rhythmic growth patterns is due to lunar periodicity, a common feature in fish otoliths. Moreover, fossil Trisopterus show an phylogenetic increase in otolith—and consequently—somatic growth, indicating a change of life strategy during evolution (Oligocene to Recent).Thus the internal structure of fossil otoliths allows the determination of growth, age composition, and early life history of fossil fish, as well as their direct comparison with living relatives.
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Putra, Dewangga Ari Kusuma, I. Wayan Restu, and I. wayan Darya Kartika. "Length-Weight Relationship and Condition Factors of Mullet Fish (Mugil cephalus) Caught at the Waters of Ngurah Rai Grand Forest Park, Bali." Advances in Tropical Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences 5, no. 1 (February 26, 2021): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/atbes.2021.v05.i01.p02.
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Grey Mullet fish (Mugil cephalus) is one of the economically valuable fish in the waters of the Ngurah Rai Forest Park, Bali. This study was conducted to examine the relationship between the length and weight of the condition of Belanak fish caught in the waters of the Ngurah Rai Forest Park, Bali. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of the growth conditions of Belanak in the waters of Ngurah Rai Tahura, Bali will create a plan for sustainable management of Belanak Fish resources. Sampling was conducted in March 2019 to May 2019. Data analysis used was the relationship between length and weight and condition factors. Data processing is done by using the Microsoft Excel program. The results obtained showed that the mullet fish has a negative allometric growth pattern (long growth is faster than weight growth) equation W = 0.011 L2.195 and the coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.75 (75% growth in weight is influenced by growth long). Belanak fish caught in Ngurah Rai Tahura waters have a condition factor value (K value) ranging from 0.941 to 1.514 which indicates that Belanak is in good condition and is in its infancy.
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Kelley, D. F. "Age determination in bass and assessment of growth and year-class strength." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 68, no. 1 (February 1988): 179–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400050177.
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Scale readings from 6269 bass caught in 1946–86 on various parts of the U.K. coast, with a few from the Channel Islands and France, have been analysed to determine U.K. growth patterns and assess the relative abundance of successive year-classes. In the U.K. growth was fastest on the south-east coast, slowest on the west coast. In the Channel Islands growth was initially slower than on the south-east coast but faster after maturity; though less fast than on the Biscay coast of France. Year-classes of exceptional abundance tended to grow more slowly than classes of normal abundance. There was evidence in each region of a slight long-term fall in growth rate. Best growth occurred in warm summers. The growth period commenced, and annulus formed, at dates ranging from early May for the youngest juveniles to mid July for adults; terminating in each case in October. Males grew rather more slowly than females and appeared less long-lived and less hardy, except on the south-east coast, where, exceptionally, samples were caught well offshore and included large, generally faster growing fish; this suggests a behavioural difference between the sexes rather than consistently slower growth in males. Explanations are offered for occasional fast growing fish, which occur mainly on the south-east coast and mainly with particular year-classes, notably 1966 and 1969. Problems of interpretation are considered and solutions offered.
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Sabarudin, Norsakinah, Nor Shahirul Umirah Idris, and Nurul Syazana Abdul Halim. "Determination of Condition Factor (CF) and Hepatosomatic Index (HSI) of Barbonymus schwanenfeldii from Galas River, Kelantan." Journal of Tropical Resources and Sustainable Science (JTRSS) 5, no. 2 (November 16, 2017): 55–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.47253/jtrss.v5i2.602.
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The rapid growth of agriculture and industrial activities has resulted in decreasing of water qualityin the aquatic ecosystem, which is significantly hazardous for fish health. Fish are commonlysituated at the top of aquatic food chain is known to be nutritious with essential proteins. Thepurpose of this study is to determine the condition factor and hepatosomatic index of Barbonymusschwanenfeldii from Galas River, Kelantan. The sizes of slaughtered fish ranging from 319 ± 0.05to 456 ± 1.32 g in weight while 28 ± 0.34 to 36 ± 1.42 cm in total length. From a sample size of 40specimens, the average of K value was 1.15 ± 0.21 and 2.31 ± 0.13 of HSI value. Thus, the resultsrevealed that the fish species was in a poor condition. Refer to the matter; the condition of studyarea is not suitable for fish habitat. Condition factor of fishes is important biological parameterwhich can provides information on fish well-being. The condition factor and hepatosomatic indexcompares the well-being of a fish is based on the hypothesis that heavier fish of a given length arein a better condition.
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Mohd Rashid, Mohd Sagir, and A. K. Dobriyal. "Age and growth analysis of the fish Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepede) from River Nayar, Garhwal Himalaya, Uttarakhand." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 13, no. 1 (February 25, 2021): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v13i1.2478.
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The ability to age fish accurately is essential in understanding the dynamics of fish population. Age and growth determination in Mastacembelus armatus was assessed by the scale method which was verified by the length-frequency distribution method. The scales were small, elongated and the focus was shifted slightly uppish from the centre. The fish length and scale radius relationship was found linear (Scale radius = 6.974 + 0.452 Fish length; r = 0.9746) and authenticated the age analysis. Back calculation method was used to find out the size of fish at annulus formation, which confirmed four age rings in M. armatus at the size of 14.07±0.92, 26.05±4.99, 37.96± 2.59 and 48.48±6.06 cm respectively. First two age rings were observed in the fish length group 30-40 cm, the third ring was observed in 40-50 cm and the fourth ring in 50-60 cm length group. The finding was dully validated by length-frequency distribution method. The growth annual increment (h) of M. armatus shows that the length increment was 14.07, 13.32, 11.91 and 10.52 cm during 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th year respectively. It shows that the fish grows continuously during its entire life period. The average growth (? h) was observed as 12.12 cm. annually. The assessment of age and growth rate of fish is a prerequisite to generate the information on recruitment, longevity and fluctuations in fishery caused by various year classes which is an important tool for rational exploitation of fish stock.
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Barbosa, JM, and GL Volpato. "Chemical modulation on heterogeneous growth in Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1847) (Pisces; Characiformes)." Brazilian Journal of Biology 67, no. 1 (February 2007): 147–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842007000100020.
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In the present study, the effect of chemical factors released by conspecifics on growth variability (heterogeneous growth - HetG) in a gregarious fish species (Prochilodus lineatus) was tested. HetG was assessed by the weight variation coefficient in two consecutive 21-day periods. The fish were grouped in tanks (4 fish in each) that received running water with constant draining. The tanks contained either conspecifics (C) or non-conspecifics (N). Four conditions were established in accordance with the tank water supply: a) water with previous contact with conspecifics throughout the experiment (CC); b) water without previous contact with conspecifics throughout the experiment (NN); c) water with previous contact with conspecifics in just the first period, 0 to 21 days (CN); and d) just in the period from 21 to 42 days (NC). At the end of the experiments, the occurrence of chemical modulation on the growth variability in P. lineatus was verified: the fish that received water with previous contact with a conspecific (C) presented exacerbation of HetG. This corroborates the notion that the predominant mechanism in the determination of intraspecific growth variation in the gregarious species is associated to chemical factors released by conspecifics.
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Sabarudin, Norsakinah, Nor Shahirul Umirah Idris, and Nurul Syazana Abdul Halim. "Determination of Condition Factor (CF) and Hepatosomatic Index (HSI) of Barbonymus schwanenfeldii from Galas River, Kelantan." Journal of Tropical Resources and Sustainable Science (JTRSS) 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2017): 55–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.47253/jtrss.v5i2.663.
Full textAbstract:
The rapid growth of agriculture and industrial activities has resulted in decreasing of water quality in the aquatic ecosystem, which is significantly hazardous for fish health. Fish are commonly situated at the top of aquatic food chain is known to be nutritious with essential proteins. The purpose of this study is to determine the condition factor and hepatosomatic index of Barbonymus schwanenfeldii from Galas River, Kelantan. The sizes of slaughtered fish ranging from 319 ± 0.05 to 456 ± 1.32 g in weight while 28 ± 0.34 to 36 ± 1.42 cm in total length. From a sample size of 40 specimens, the average of K value was 1.15 ± 0.21 and 2.31 ± 0.13 of HSI value. Thus, the results revealed that the fish species was in a poor condition. Refer to the matter; the condition of study area is not suitable for fish habitat. Condition factor of fishes is important biological parameter which can provides information on fish well-being. The condition factor and hepatosomatic index compares the well-being of a fish is based on the hypothesis that heavier fish of a given length are in a better condition.
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Machrizal, Rusdi, Khairul Khairul, Juliana Nasution, Rivo H. Dimenta, and Arman Harahap. "Distribution and length-weight relationships of Hilsa shad Tenualosa ilisha in the Bilah River, Labuhanbatu Regency, North Sumatera Province, Indonesia." Aceh Journal of Animal Science 4, no. 1 (July 11, 2019): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.13170/ajas.4.1.13799.
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Hilsa shad Tenualosa ilishais of the indigenous fish species and the icon of the Labuhanbatu Regency, Indonesia. Presently, a very limited study was done in this species. Hence, the purpose of this study was to analyse the distribution and growth patterns based on the length-weight relationship of Hilsa shad T. ilishaon Bilah River, Labuhanbatu District, Sumatera Utara Province, Indonesia. Sampling was carried out for 3 months starting in February-April 2019 with the exploration method. Determination of sampling locations based on information from local fishermen. Analysis of distribution data used the Morisita index and growth patterns used the Linear Allometric Model (LAM). The analysis results of Hilsa shad distribution indicated that these fish were distributed in groups/clustered with the Morisita index value of 2.211-2.314. The growth pattern of the fish was negative allometric with a value of b3. Correlation analysis showed that DO was closely related to distribution (r2=0.661), meanwhile, light penetration was closely related to growth patterns (r2=0.914). It is concluded that the distribution of Hilsa shad fish in the Bilah River was in groups or clustered, with a negative allometric growth pattern. Keywords: Hilsa Shad, distribution, growth pattern, Tenualosa ilisha
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Gonzalez, Michael J., and Jorge Duconge. "Tumor Growth Dynamics: Dietary Fish Oil Induced Inhibition of Human Breast Carcinoma Growth, A Phenomenon of Reduced Cellular DNA Synthesis or Increased Cell Loss?" Journal of Neoplasms 1, no. 1 (July 22, 2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14302/issn.2639-1716.jn-17-1495.
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Diets high in unsaturated fatty acids, especially those containing high levels of linoleic acid, e.g., corn oil, enhance mammary gland tumorigenesis in experimental animals. In contrast, diets high in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA), e.g. menhaden oil, appear to have a suppressive effect on this tumorigenic process. Many mechanisms have been proposed to explain the tumor inhibitory action exerted by menhaden oil and other fish oils, e.g., differences in prostaglandin metabolism, energy efficiency, alterations of the immune system, changes in lipid peroxidation, etc. Fundamental to a mechanistic understanding of this phenomenon, however, is an understanding as to whether or not the tumor inhibitory activities of dietary fish oil is mediated via an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation or mediated via an enhancement of tumor cell loss. Whether the amount of dietary fat or the type of fat effects mammary tumorigenic processes, via an effect on tumor cell proliferation or tumor cell loss, has not been clearly established. In the studies described in this communication, three methods were utilized to study tumor cell proliferation, i.e., H3-thymidine autoradiographic analysis, 5-bromo 2'-deoxyuridine (Brdu) flow cytometric analysis, and proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) flow cytometric analysis. Two methods were used to study tumor cell loss, i.e., a determination of the I125Urd tumor emission rate and a determination of a cell loss factor from the formulas of Steel and Begg. The tumor examined was the human breast carcinoma cell line MDA- MB231 maintained in athymic nude mouse. No significant difference in cell proliferation between carcinomas of mice fed a high corn oil diet (20% w/w) and a diet high in fish oil (19% menhaden oil, 1% corn oil). In contrast, a significant (p<0.05) increase in the rate of I125Urd emission rate and cell loss factor from the carcinomas in the fish oil fed mice compared to the corn oil fed mice was observed. In summary, the decreased tumor volume in the human breast carcinomas maintained in athymic nude mice fed a fish oil diet as compared to those fed a corn oil diet, appears to be due, at least in part, to an increased rate of carcinoma cell loss rather than a decreased rate of carcinoma cell proliferation.
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Plaza, Guido, Steven E. Campana, Francisco Cerna, Akinori Takasuka, Camilo Rodríguez-Valentino, Jorge E. Contreras, Guillermo Moyano, Alejandra Hernández, and Mackarena Gómez. "Revisiting daily age determination in juvenile anchoveta Engraulis ringens." Marine and Freshwater Research 70, no. 8 (2019): 1143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf18307.
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Recent studies using otolith microstructure analysis have suggested that the duration of the juvenile stage in anchoveta (Engraulis ringens) is shorter than previously suspected, which suggests that the ages being entered into the traditional age-based stock assessment are incorrect. However, the interpretation of young pelagic fish otoliths remains problematic. To clarify the age interpretation of larval and juvenile E. ringens, newly hatched larvae were reared in a quasi-natural environment for periods of up to 103 days. The sagittal otoliths were subsequently examined and measured by international otolith experts in a double-blind workshop study. The young anchovy could be aged both accurately and precisely using otolith microstructure, after measures were taken to correct for unresolvable increments formed immediately after hatch. The presence of a fast-growth transition zone characterised by either considerable splitting or subdaily increments or both was confirmed. This study confirms the hypothesis of rapid growth and young age through the juvenile stage for anchoveta, suggesting that a critical appraisal of the annual age determinations used as the basis for anchoveta stock assessment is warranted. The otolith interpretation principles outlined in this study may apply broadly across many small pelagic fish species.
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Ridwanudin, Asep, Varian Fahmi, and Idham Sumarto Pratama. "Growth of Spiny Lobster Panulirus homarus Fed with Moist Diet." Oseanologi dan Limnologi di Indonesia 3, no. 2 (August 29, 2018): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/oldi.2018.v3i2.165.
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Oxygen is a vital parameter in aquaculture activities. The decrease of dissolved oxygen levels in aquaculture media should be highly observed, since very low dissolved oxygen conditions (hypoxia) could negatively affect to the growth and survival of fish. Therefore, research on the condition of hypoxia is very important to be studied. This study was conducted in January-February 2013 at the Laboratorium of Fish Reproductive Physiology, Pukyong National University, South Korea to measure oxygen consumption in tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (total length: 14.2 ± 1.4 cm, weight: 31.3 ± 2.0 g) under normal conditions (normoxia) and hypoxia. Measurement was conducted using respirometer (dimension: 20 × 17,5 × 10 cm; volume: 3,5 L) every 10 minutes during four hours of observation. Experiment was conducted with three replications. The results showed that oxygen consumption of tilapia fingerlings in hypoxia conditions (12.09 ± 3.20 mg O2/kg/h) was lower than normoxia (35.67 ± 4.19 mg O2/kg/h) (P<0.01). Continuous hypoxic conditions could negatively affect fish movements, which could ultimately lead to mortality when dissolved oxygen levels are very low. Meanwhile, the results on determination of critical oxygen levels for tilapia showed a dissolved oxygen range of 1.9 ± 0.5 mg/L
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Radtke, Richard L., Gerd Hubold, Scott D. Folsom, and Petra H. Lenz. "Otolith structural and chemical analyses: the key to resolving age and growth of the Antarctic silverfish, Pleuragramma antarcticum." Antarctic Science 5, no. 1 (March 1993): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102093000082.
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The various life history stages of the Weddell Sea population of Pleuragramma antarcticum were sampled to investigate life-history patterns of this ecologically important polar fish. Otoliths were examined for size, morphology and microstructure. Age determination of Antarctic fishes has proved to be difficult because of small ambient temperature fluctuations. External and internal examination of otoliths by scanning electron microscopy revealed internal increments (assumed to be daily) and hatching marks. Back calculation of hatching dates from otolith increments, suggested a hatching season from September-November, with recruitment to the adult population at three to five years of age. Growth data conformed well to the von Bertalanffy equation. Fish grew slowly, with the largest fish attaining ages of more than 30 years. A multivariate mathematical model relating age to otolith morphometrics and fish size proved reliable, making it possible to age large sample sizes of fish. Limited elemental microprobe data obtained from two otoliths demonstrated patterns which may be useful in indicating the environmental life history of individual fish. These collective data suggest that the ecological importance of populations of Pleuragramma antarcticum is most likely due to a long life span and high lifetime reproduction rate.
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Kilada, Raouf, Bernard Sainte-Marie, Rémy Rochette, Neill Davis, Caroline Vanier, and Steven Campana. "Direct determination of age in shrimps, crabs, and lobsters." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 69, no. 11 (November 2012): 1728–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2012-0254.
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The detection and measurement of annual growth bands preserved in calcified structures underlies the assessment and management of exploited fish populations around the world. However, the estimation of growth, mortality, and other age-structured processes in crustaceans has been severely limited by the apparent absence of permanent growth structures. Here, we report the detection of growth bands in calcified regions of the eyestalk or gastric mill in shrimps, crabs, and lobsters. Comparison of growth band counts with reliable, independent estimates of age strongly suggests that the bands form annually, thus providing a direct and accurate method of age determination in all of the species examined. Chemical tags in the lobster cuticle were retained through one or two molts that occurred over the duration of an experiment, as apparently was the mesocardiac ossicle containing the growth bands in the gastric mill. Growth bands are not the previously documented lamellae of the endocuticle, and their formation was not associated with molting. Sex-specific growth curves were readily developed from growth band examination in multiple species, suggesting that routine measurement of growth and mortality in decapod crustaceans may now be possible.
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Maurya, Ashish Kumar, Laxmi Prasad, and Ravi Kumar. "Length-weight relationship and condition factor of Pethia ticto (Hamilton, 1822) from Gomti river in Sultanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 10, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 487–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v10i1.1656.
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This study describes the length-weight relation (LWR) of small indigenous fish Pethia ticto from Gomti River, Aamghat, Haliyapur, Sultanpur district 260 29N and 810 44E, 751m (msl) Uttar Pradesh, India. A total of 306 specimens were caught by random sampling method using traditional fishing gear as gillnet, cast net and dragnet of various mesh sizes from June 2016 to May 2017, once in a month. Total Length (mm) was measured from anteriormost part of the snout to the posterior-most part of the caudal fin and body weight (g) were taken by digital electronic balance. The analysis of data shows that the allometric coefficient is close to isometric value (3.0). Allometric growth indicates a more rotund population of fish when the values of growth coefficient are higher than 3.0 (b>3). If the value of growth coefficient is less than 3.0, the population of fish is known to be less rotund. Isometric growth indicates that the shape of fish does not change as it grows (b=3). The coefficient of determination (R2 ) was also found significant (=0.97). Fulton’s condition factor further supports the results obtained ranged from 1.041 to 1.660 shows the degree of well being of a fish. This study is helpful in providing relevant information in the assessment of stock and estimation of the fish condition about its environment
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Opute, P. A., and I. P. Oboh. "Exposure to Atrazine Impairs Behaviour and Growth Performance in African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Juveniles." March 2021 5, no. 1 (March 2021): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.36263/nijest.2021.01.0263.
Full textAbstract:
Clarias gariepinus juveniles of average weight, 17.57±1.95 g and an average length of 14.26±0.39 cm were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of 0 (control), 2.5, 25, 250, and 500 µg L-1 atrazine in a quality-controlled 28-day bioassay. Growth performance was assessed bi-weekly and fish samples were taken from different tanks to determine the relative growth rate, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, condition factor and behaviour. At the end of two weeks of exposure, the relative growth rate and the specific growth rate among exposed fish groups was found to reduce significantly (p<0.05) compared to the control, an indication of poor growth performance. The average specific growth rates (SGR) of control fish is 3.86±0.02 %/w at the end of the exposure duration while recording -0.64±0.09 in the 500 µg L-1 group. Feed conversion ratio increased significantly from control to the group with highest atrazine concentration. Condition factor (K) of fish among treatment groups showed significant decrease in values with increasing concentration of atrazine in a dose-dependent pattern. Atrazine exposure resulted in behavioural anomalies including erratic swimming, clinging to the water surface, loss of equilibrium, lethargy, and discolouration. The behavioural responses were found to be concentration-dependent. The length-weight relationships for both control and atrazine exposed fish exhibited positive allometric growth and significant relationships as depicted by the value of R2 (coefficient of determination) except in the fish group exposed to 500 µg L-1 atrazine which exhibited negative allometric growth. Findings from this study indicate interference with normal behaviour and growth performance of C. gariepinus juveniles with ecological implications in water bodies exposed to atrazine even at reduced concentrations.
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Apu, JK, MS Rahman, and H. Rashid. "Effects of Fish Population Densities on Growth and Production of Fishes." Progressive Agriculture 23, no. 1-2 (October 11, 2013): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v23i1-2.16566.
Full textAbstract:
The experiment was carried out under three treatments each with two replications. Fish population density was 80 fish per decimal (silver carp 32, tilapia 32 and mrigal 16) under treatment-1, 120 fish per decimal (silver carp 48, tilapia 48 and mrigal 24) under treatment-2 and 160 fish per decimal (silver carp 64, tilapia 64 and mrigal 32) under treatment-3. The average initial length and weight of the fingerlings of silver carp, tilapia and mrigal were 7.49, 5.12, and 5.56 cm and 8.00, 2.00 and 1.50 g respectively. The ponds were fertilized fortnightly with cowdung, urea and TSP (triple super phosphate) at the rates of 5 kg, 60 g, and 90 g per decimal, respectively. During the experimental period, the range of water temperature (30.20 to 32.90°C), transparency (28 to 38 cm), dissolved oxygen (8.20 to 10.60 mg/L), pH (6.90 to 7.90), total alkalinity (92.00 to 127.00 mg/L), free CO2 (1.00 to 1.60 mg/L), phosphate-phosphorus (1.00 to 1.90 mg/L), and nitrate-nitrogen (1.90 to 3.90 mg/L) were within the productive range and more or less similar in all the ponds under three treatments. There were 25 genera of phytoplankton under five major groups and 10 genera of zooplankton under three major groups in the experimental ponds. The calculated net fish production of the ponds under treatment-1 was 2.62 ton/ha/yr and that of the ponds under treatment-2 was 4.42 ton/ha/yr and that of the ponds under treatment-3 was 5.18 ton/ha/yr. The net fish production under treatment-2 and treatment -3 were 195.58% and 229.20% higher than that of treatment-1, taking net fish production under treatment-1 for 100%. According to profit-cost analysis the ratios of net profit and total cost under treatments 1, 2, and 3 were 1:0.25, 1:0.45, and 1:0.44. According to growth and production treatment-3 is the best, and according to the profit-cost analysis, treatment-2 (ratio 1:0.45) is the best but it is almost same to that of treatment-3. So, the population density of 160 fish per decimal (under treatment-3) might be considered best. It seems that proper determination of stocking density of different fishes in polyculture is very important to increase fish production.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v23i1-2.16566Progress. Agric. 23(1 & 2): 63 73, 2012
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Abanikannda, O. T. F., A. A. Jimoh, K. O. Bakare, S. A. Shitta, and Z. F. Shopeyin. "Influence of feeding regimen on growth parameters of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1822)." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 46, no. 3 (November 6, 2019): 192–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v46i3.966.
Full textAbstract:
An experiment was conducted using 270 African catfish fingerlings to evaluate the effects ofdifferent feeding regimen on growth performance of the fish. The fish were hatched andreared to 12 weeks under similar condition before the commencement of the experiment thatlasted for 40 days. Feeding regimens included equally shared feed based on recommended of5% body weight, and equally spaced feed allocation at 6, 8 and 12 hourly intervals. Each ofthe three treatment groups comprised of six replicates of 15 fish per plastic tank. Body weight,and two linear measurements (total and standard length) were taken twice weekly on each ofthe fish in all the tanks and the respective length-weight relationship and condition factor (K)were computed. Weekly gain, final weight, average daily gain, absolute, relative, specific andmean growth rates for the three groups were evaluated and compared. Results showed that allparameters studied except final total length were significantly (P<.05) affected by feedingregimen. The coefficient of determination for all ANOVA had variable values for all growthparameter; Final Weight (83.11%), Absolute Growth Rate (79.19%), Final Total Length(61.30%), Final Standard Length (60.87%), Relative Growth Rate (38.68%), SpecificGrowth Rate (35.57%), Mean Growth Rate (32.23%) and Condition Factor (12.83%). The 6-hourly treatment group mostly had the highest values across all the parameters studied butwas not statistically different (P>.05) from the values obtained in the 8-hourly group.
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Graynoth, E. "Determination of the age of brown and rainbow trout in a range of New Zealand lakes." Marine and Freshwater Research 47, no. 5 (1996): 749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9960749.
Full textAbstract:
Brown trout (Salmo trutta) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from eight New Zealand lakes were aged by length-frequency analysis and by examining otoliths, pectoral fin rays and scales. Bimonthly changes in the length frequency of age classes were used to age fish for their first 2 or 3 years of life. Growth rates were highest in spring and summer, when a single wide opaque band was laid down on otoliths and fin rays, followed by a narrow transparent band in winter. Age estimates from otoliths agreed with 94-97% of those from length-frequency methods and with the ages of 21 tagged fish. Otoliths were used to age fish up to 11 years old and were more accurate than fin rays and scales. Although fin rays could be used to age juvenile fish from Lake Coleridge, where there was 78-80% agreement between otolith and fin ray ages, they were of little value for older fish in Lake Alexandrina (28% agreement). Rainbow trout scales from all lakes were difficult to read because of indistinct annuli and the presence of false checks. Mature trout were also difficult to age owing to scale absorption and a cessation of scale growth. The degree of agreement between otolith and scale ages ranged from 83-84% for trout in Lake Coleridge to 32-38% for older rainbow trout in other lakes. This study supports the findings of other researchers that trout scales can provide inaccurate estimates of the age of trout in New Zealand and Australia. It is suggested that otolith examination, supported by length-frequency analysis of juvenile trout, be used to age trout from New Zealand lakes. In many cases, examination of otoliths will be cheaper and quicker than the release and later recapture of fin-clipped or tagged juvenile trout.
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Smith, David C., Simon G. Robertson, Gwen E. Fenton, and Stephen A. Short. "Age determination and growth of orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus): a comparison of annulus counts with radiometric ageing." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 52, no. 2 (February 1, 1995): 391–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f95-041.
Full textAbstract:
Ages of orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus) determined by two methods (counting annuli on the surface of whole and in longitudinally sectioned otoliths) were similar up to maturity. Beyond maturity, age estimates from sectioned otoliths exceeded those from whole otoliths. Maximum recorded age was 125 years for an individual 41 cm standard length (SL), and age at maturity was estimated to be 25 years (30–32 cm SL). These are consistent with ages estimated previously by radiometric methods. Results demonstrated a two-stage linear relationship between otolith weight and age that confirmed the two-stage otolith mass growth model previously used in radiometric ageing. However, in the radiometric analyses the reduction in otolith growth was arbitrarily estimated at 45% of the immature rate whereas annuli data demonstrated a reduction after maturity to 62% of the immature rate. The new estimates of otolith mass growth rate were incorporated into the radiometric data and ages recalculated, which reduced age estimates for 38–40 cm SL fish from 77–149 to 59–101 years. The radiometric data were also recalculated using only the percentage reduction in otolith growth after maturity, giving the radiometric age of 125 ± 9 years for the oldest fish.
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Kılınç, Berna, and Şükran Çaklı. "Production of dry fermented fish sausages by using different fish species and determination of the microbiological qualities." Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 38, no. 3 (September 15, 2021): 329–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.38.3.09.
Full textAbstract:
In this study frozen-thawed rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss) and seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fillets were used for preparing of dry fermented fish sausages. The total mesophilic aerob bacteria (TMAB), total psychrophilic aerob bacteria (TPAB), yeast–mould (YM), lactic acid bacteria (LB), Enterobactericeae (EB), Staphylococcus aureus (SA) changes of these dry fermented sausages were examined in the refrigerated storage at 6-8˚C. At the end of the storage period of 90 days, the results of the TMAB, TPAB, YM, LB, EB and SA counts of dry fermented seabass sausages were determined as 6.25, 7.01, 3.61, 5.31, <1.0 ve <1.0 log cfu/g, while, TMAB, TPAB, YM, LB, EB and SA counts of dry fermented trout sausages were found as 6.57, 7.20, 4.44, 5.14, <1.0 ve <1.0 log cfu/g, respectively. In this study both fermented fish sausages were determined as too much dried and exceeded the microbiological limit of TMAB at the end of the storage period of 90 days in the refrigerator. However, fermented seabass sausage reached the maximum level of YM count on the 10th day of storage, whereas fermented trout sausage reached this level on the 30th day of storage. Therefore, it is suggested that they should be packaged in vacuum packaging because of preventing too much drying and the growth of undesirable moulds. Additionally, the identification of microorganisms in fermented fish sausages would also be advised to determine desirable and undesirable microorganisms. Dry fermented fish sausage would be an alternative product to traditional dry fermented meat sausage in Turkey because of the health benefits of fish.
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Carter, C., S. Owen, Z. He, P. Watt, C. Scrimgeour, D. Houlihan, and M. Rennie. "DETERMINATION OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN RAINBOW TROUT, ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS, USING A STABLE ISOTOPE." Journal of Experimental Biology 189, no. 1 (April 1, 1994): 279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.189.1.279.
Full textAbstract:
It has been suggested (Houlihan, 1991) that the consumption of 1 g of protein in a variety of species of fish stimulates the synthesis of, approximately, an equal amount of protein. Although synthesis of protein may account for as much as 40 % of the whole-animal oxygen consumption (Lyndon et al. 1992), only about 30 % of the synthesized proteins are retained as growth (Houlihan et al. 1988; Carter et al. 1993a,b). Thus, one focus of attention is the potential advantage gained by fish in allocating a considerable proportion of assimilated energy to protein turnover in contrast to relatively low-cost, low-turnover protein growth (Houlihan et al. 1993). Rates of protein synthesis in several species of fish have been measured using radioactively labelled amino acids, frequently given as a flooding dose (reviewed by Fauconneau, 1985; Houlihan, 1991). These measurements cannot be made for longer than a few hours because of the decline in specific radioactivity in the amino acid free pool. However, as protein synthesis rates vary during the course of a day as a result of the post-prandial stimulation, and since radiolabelled amino acid methodology is invasive, short-term and terminal, it has been difficult to be certain of the relationship between protein growth measured in the long term and protein synthesis rates measured in the short term. This paper addresses these problems by developing a method using 15N in orally administered protein to measure protein synthesis rates in fish over relatively long periods, the aim being to use procedures that are as non-invasive and repeatable as possible. The use of stable isotopes to measure protein metabolism is well established in terrestrial mammals (see Rennie et al. 1991; Wolfe, 1992), but to our knowledge the only published data for aquatic ectotherms are on the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis L.) (Hawkins, 1985). In the present study, rates of protein synthesis of individual rainbow trout [Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)] were calculated from the enrichment of excreted ammonia with 15N over the 48 h following the feeding of a single meal (dose) containing protein uniformly labelled with 15N by use of an end-point stochastic model (Waterlow et al. 1978; Wolfe, 1992). Application of this type of modelling would appear to be ideal for measuring ammonotelic fish nitrogen metabolism since, unlike the situation in mammals, the catabolic flux of amino acids through urea is very small. Further, ammonia is excreted directly into the surrounding water via the gills and is not stored for any length of time, in contrast to the situation in mammals, so the rate of tracer appearance is easily measurable.
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Johnson, Nicholas S., William D. Swink, and Travis O. Brenden. "Field study suggests that sex determination in sea lamprey is directly influenced by larval growth rate." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, no. 1851 (March 29, 2017): 20170262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.0262.
Full textAbstract:
Sex determination mechanisms in fishes lie along a genetic-environmental continuum and thereby offer opportunities to understand how physiology and environment interact to determine sex. Mechanisms and ecological consequences of sex determination in fishes are primarily garnered from teleosts, with little investigation into basal fishes. We tagged and released larval sea lamprey ( Petromyzon marinus ) into unproductive lake and productive stream environments. Sex ratios produced from these environments were quantified by recapturing tagged individuals as adults. Sex ratios from unproductive and productive environments were initially similar. However, sex ratios soon diverged, with unproductive environments becoming increasingly male-skewed and productive environments becoming less male-skewed with time. We hypothesize that slower growth in unproductive environments contributed to the sex ratio differences by directly influencing sex determination. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study suggesting that growth rate in a fish species directly influences sex determination; other studies have suggested that the environmental variables to which sex determination is sensitive (e.g. density, temperature) act as cues for favourable or unfavourable growth conditions. Understanding mechanisms of sex determination in lampreys may provide unique insight into the underlying principles of sex determination in other vertebrates and provide innovative approaches for their management where valued and invasive.
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Morison, Alexander K., Patrick C. Coutin, and Simon G. Robertson. "Age determination of black bream, Acanthopagrus butcheri (Sparidae), from the Gippsland Lakes of south-eastern Australia indicates slow growth and episodic recruitment." Marine and Freshwater Research 49, no. 6 (1998): 491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf97237.
Full textAbstract:
The age of black bream (Acanthopagrus butcheri) in the Gippsland Lakes of south-eastern Australia was estimated with high precision from sectioned otoliths of fish sampled from 1993 to 1996. Ageing techniques were validated by following the progression of age classes over 4 years. Correct identification of the first increment was aided by reference to the position of the subcupular meshwork fibre zone, and age assignment was confirmed by linear regression analyses of otolith weight against fish age. The growth of black bream was found to be slower, and their natural life span longer, than previously estimated from length–frequency distributions and scale readings. The maximum age recorded was 29 years, with most black bream 4–9 years old and few fish more than 10 years old. There were significant differences between the growth rates of males and females. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters were: L∞ 54.5 cm FL, t0 –5.21 years, K 0.042 year-1 for females and L∞ 38.2 cm FL, t0 –3.70 years, K 0.077 year-1 for males. The current age structure suggests that recruitment has been episodic since 1981 and low for three recent years in succession.
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KATSELIS, G., C. KOUTSIKOPOULOS, and P. KASPIRIS. "Age determination and growth of leaping mullet, (Liza saliens R.1810) from the Messolonghi Etoliko lagoon (western Greece)." Mediterranean Marine Science 3, no. 2 (November 1, 2002): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.253.
Full textAbstract:
This study is the first detailed work on the age and growth of the leaping mullet (Liza saliens, Risso 1810) in the central Mediterranean. During the period 1991-1995 the age and growth of leaping mullet from the Messolonghi -Etoliko lagoon system (western Greek coast) were studied. Age and growth determinations were based upon otolith samples taken from 537 fish. Marginal increment analysis was used to validate age determination. Annulus formation took place around November each year. The back-calculated lengths at age estimated from the otoliths showed no differences between sub-areas of the lagoon system and the recorded limited between-years variability showed no persistent temporal pattern. The maximum age of leaping mullet in the Messolonghi - Etoliko lagoon was 5 years for males and 6 years for females. The von Bertalanffy equation (L‡=32.99±1.25 cm, k=0.258 ±0.017 year-1, t0=-0.47±0.04 year) accurately describes the growth of the total length of leaping grey mullet for all life stages (fry, juveniles and adults). A large spread and length overlap characterized the age groups. The estimated Length-Weight relationships were common for the two sexes (W=0.0079L3.01).
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Kanjuh, Tamara, and Danilo Mrdak. "Relationships of Otolith Dimension with Body Length of European Eel Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus, 1758) from Adriatic catchment of Montenegro." Acta Adriatica 59, no. 1 (June 28, 2018): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.32582/aa.59.1.7.
Full textAbstract:
This study examined the relationship between the sagittal otolith morphometric variables (length, height and weight) and body growth of the European eel. Eels that were studied ranged in total length from 11.2 to 79.5 cm. The relationships between the sagittal otolith variables and fish somatic growth were described with a non-linear function. The resulting coefficients of determination \((r^2)\) ranged from 0.782 to 0.914. The variable most strongly related to fish size was found to be the sagittal otolith length (OL) with 91.4 % of the variability. The results of this study provide the first comprehensive data regarding the relationship between the sagittal otolith morphometric variables with the body length of Anguilla anguilla.
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Dienye, Henry Eyina, and Olaniyi Alaba Olopade. "Growth pattern of three species of Mullets (Pisces: Mugilidae) in Sombreior River, Rivers State, Niger Delta, Nigeria." Aceh Journal of Animal Science 5, no. 2 (May 12, 2020): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.13170/ajas.5.2.15388.
Full textAbstract:
Length-weight relationships (LWRs) and condition factor are important biological information to assess the growth pattern and wellbeing of fish species influenced by numerous abiotic and biotic factors. To date, no data on the LWRs and condition of mullets in Sombreior River, Niger Delta. Hence, this research was conducted to determine abundance, length–weight relationship and Fulton’s condition factor (K) of three species of fish belonging to family Mugilidae in Sombreior River, Nigeria. There were a total of 248 samples from five sampling stations for a period of months. Fish species were of various sizes ranging from 24.66±0.40 to 26.35±0.26cm in length and 141.41±6.30 to 161.56±5.87g in weight. For the three species, slope (b) values ranged from 2.18 to 2.68 indicating a negative allometric growth of all fish species. The mean condition factor ranged from 0.89±0.03 forsix Mugil cephalus to 0.93±0.03 for Parachelon grandisquamis while the coefficients of determination (R2) of the LWR regressions ranged between 0.64 (Neochelon falcipinnis) and 0.79 (Parachelon grandisquamis). It was concluded that the mullets in the Sombreior River had a negative allometric growth pattern and the condition is showing the species were in good state of well-being since mean K values are greater than 1.
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Withell, AF, and JW Wankowski. "Estimates of age and growth of ocean perch, Helicolenus percoides Richardson, in south-eastern Australian waters." Marine and Freshwater Research 39, no. 4 (1988): 441. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9880441.
Full textAbstract:
Methods of age determination, age and the parameters of the von Bertalanffy growth function are described for ocean perch, Helicolenus percoides Richardson, from the continental slope in eastern Bass Strait. Comparison of scales and otoliths revealed the latter to be superior for age estimation. Annuli were used for age determination; 97% of whole otoliths with 2-15 annuli were readable, compared with only 37% of older (15 + annuli) otoliths. Of sectioned otoliths with 15 + annuli, 81% were readable and the oldest age estimated was 42 ( �3) years, compared with only c. 30 years from whole otoliths. For whole otoliths, the precision of intra-reader and inter-reader age estimates was, respectively, 89% and 79% within �1 annulus, and the average error was 4.6% and 5.0%. For sectioned otoliths, intra- and inter-reader precision was, respectively, 60% and 53% within k 1 annulus and the average error was 3.9% and 5.4%. Comparison of age estimates from whole otoliths and sectioned otoliths gave a precision of 84% within �1 annulus and average error of 2.8%. Precision of age determination decreased with increasing age for both methods. Age validation, using Petersen's length-frequency method and a marginal-increment method, was unsuccessful. Mean length-at-age and the values for the parameters of the von Bertalanffy growth function were estimated. For female and immature fish: K = 0.107 and L∞ = 44.68 fork length (cm), and for male and immature fish: K = 0.115 and L∞ = 43.19 fork length (cm). The growth of males and females was statistically different.
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TSAI, YUNG-HSIANG, SHIOU-CHUNG CHANG, HSIEN-FENG KUNG, CHENG-I. WEI, and DENG-FWU HWANG. "Histamine Production by Enterobacter aerogenes in Sailfish and Milkfish at Various Storage Temperatures." Journal of Food Protection 68, no. 8 (August 1, 2005): 1690–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-68.8.1690.
Full textAbstract:
Enterobacter aerogenes was studied for its growth and ability to promote the formation of total volatile base nitrogen (TVBN) and histamine in sailfish (Istiophorus platypterus) and milkfish (Chanos chanos) stored at various temperatures from −20 to 37°C. The optimal temperature for bacterial growth in both fish species was 25°C, whereas the optimal temperature for histamine formation was 37°C. The two fish species inoculated with E. aerogenes, when not properly stored at low temperatures such as 15°C for 36 h, formed histamine at above the U.S. Food and Drug Administration hazardous guideline level of 50 mg/100 g. Milkfish was a better substrate than sailfish for histamine formation by bacterial histidine decarboxylation at elevated temperatures (>15°C). Although higher contents of TVBN were detected in the spiked sailfish than milkfish during the same storage time at temperatures above 15°C, the use of the 30-mg/100 g level of TVBN as a determination index for fish quality and decomposition was not a good criterion for assessing potential histamine hazard for both fish species. Bacterial growth was controlled by cold storage of the fish at 4°C or below, but histamine formation was stopped only by frozen storage. Once the frozen fish samples were thawed and stored at 25°C, histamine started to accumulate rapidly and reached levels greater than the hazardous action level in 36 h.
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Saikia, S. K., and D. N. Das. "Potentiality of Periphyton-based Aquaculture Technology in Rice-fish Environment." Journal of Scientific Research 1, no. 3 (August 29, 2009): 624–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v1i3.2114.
Full textAbstract:
Periphyton is being used traditionally as rich aquatic feed for fishes throughout the countries like Cambodia, West Africa, Srilanka, India and Bangladesh. In waterlogged rice environment, it can be judiciously utilized as feed source introducing periphytophagous fish. Studies supported rice straw as suitable substrate for periphyton growth. The study of gut content of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) from a periphyton-based rice-fish culture system in Apatani Plateau of Arunachal Pradesh, India showed maximum of 60 genera of microflora and fauna with periphytic in nature. The farmers from this rice-fish culture practice are gaining an average fish production of 500kg ha-1 180 day-1 without employing any supplementary feed. Better selection and determination of appropriate stocking density of periphytophagous fish in waterlogged rice-fields might extend the rice-fish culture towards a sustainable and self-substrating periphyton based aquaculture (SSPBA) practice. Keywords: Periphyton; Sustainable agriculture; Rice-fish; Self-substrating; Common carp; Apatani plateau. © 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i3.2114 J. Sci. Res. 1 (3), 624-634 (2009)
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Bari, M. A., M. I. Hossain, and M. A. J. Miah. "Synthesis of Acryclic Acid Ethyl Ester from Aldehydes Catalyzed by Copper Triflates." Journal of Scientific Research 1, no. 3 (August 29, 2009): 635–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v1i3.2473.
Full textAbstract:
Periphyton is being used traditionally as rich aquatic feed for fishes throughout the countries like Cambodia, West Africa, Srilanka, India and Bangladesh. In waterlogged rice environment, it can be judiciously utilized as feed source introducing periphytophagous fish. Studies supported rice straw as suitable substrate for periphyton growth. The study of gut content of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) from a periphyton-based rice-fish culture system in Apatani Plateau of Arunachal Pradesh, India showed maximum of 60 genera of microflora and fauna with periphytic in nature. The farmers from this rice-fish culture practice are gaining an average fish production of 500kg ha-1 180 day-1 without employing any supplementary feed. Better selection and determination of appropriate stocking density of periphytophagous fish in waterlogged rice-fields might extend the rice-fish culture towards a sustainable and self-substrating periphyton based aquaculture (SSPBA) practice. Keywords: Periphyton; Sustainable agriculture; Rice-fish; Self-substrating; Common carp; Apatani plateau. © 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i3.2114 J. Sci. Res. 1 (3), 624-634 (2009)
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Fowler, AJ, and PJ Doherty. "Validation of annual growth increments in the Otoliths of two species of Damselfish from the Southern Great Barrier Reef." Marine and Freshwater Research 43, no. 5 (1992): 1057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9921057.
Full textAbstract:
If the otoliths of fish are to be used as an ageing tool, they must fulfil three criteria: they must display an internal structure of increments, this structure must be relatable to a regular time scale, and the otoliths must grow throughout the lives of the fish at a perceptible rate. These criteria were assessed for two species of damselfish: Pomacentrus moluccensis and P. wardi from One Tree Reef on the southern Great Barrier Reef. Transverse sections of sagittae from both species contained an alternating sequence of opaque and translucent zones that formed an interpretable pattern of increments. Treatment of fish with tetracycline showed that the opaque zones were formed on an annual basis, generally between spring and early summer. The assessment of growth of otoliths from fish treated with tetracycline indicated that those as old as 10 years of age were still laying down increments of regular thickness. Consequently, the otoliths from both species successfully fulfilled the three criteria required for the direct determination of age. Furthermore, this study helped to identify two levels of variation in otolith structure, manifested in the clarity and interpretability of the increments; there was an interspecies difference and a significant intraspecies latitudinal difference.
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Hélias, Arnaud. "Data for Fish Stock Assessment Obtained from the CMSY Algorithm for all Global FAO Datasets." Data 4, no. 2 (May 24, 2019): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data4020078.
Full textAbstract:
Assessing the state of fish stocks requires the determination of descriptors. They correspond to the absolute and relative (to the carrying capacity of the habitat) fish biomasses in the ecosystem, and the absolute and relative (to the intrinsic growth rate of the population) fishing mortality resulting from catches. This allows, among other things, to compare the catch with the maximum sustainability yield. Some fish stocks are well described and monitored, but for many data-limited stocks, catch time series are remaining the only source of data. Recently, an algorithm (CMSY) has been proposed, allowing an estimation of stock assessment variables from catch and resilience. In this paper, we provide stock reference points for all global fisheries reported by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) major fishing area for almost 5000 fish stocks. These data come from the CMSY algorithm for 42% of the stock (75% of the global reported fish catch) and are estimated by aggregated values for the remaining 58%.
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Ziková, Andrea, Miroslava Palíková, Jan Mareš, Stanislav Navrátil, and Radovan Kopp. "Impacts of dietary cyanobacteria on fish." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 58, no. 4 (2010): 277–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201058040277.
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Development of cyanobacterial water bloom became a common issue all over the world. Cyanobacteria are the most important primary producers in aquatic ecosystems but in some abundant species their secondary metabolites called cyanotoxins seem to be harmful for many animal groups especially mammals but also fish. In fishes, adverse effects have been demonstrated in several studies applying cyanotoxins by unnatural injection. However, cyanobacteria and fish coevolved during ages and therefore the question arises whether cyanobacteria might be even used for fish via oral application (fish diet). The use of cyanobacteria for fish diets is varying including applications of pure cyanobacteria biomass as well as incorporation of cyanotoxin containing cyanobacteria biomass into commercial fish diet. The impacts of cyanobacteria in fish diets administered via the oral route revealed contradictory findings ranging from moderate negative to growth promoting impacts and it seems that any bioaccumulation of microcystins can become depurated by rearing fish in clean water for a short period. According to the results obtained from various experiments, cyanobacteria as primary producers might be used as a component of fish diets especially concerning partial replacement of fish meal. However, the determination of nutrition value and the bioavailibility of nutrients present in cyanobacteria for different fish species needs to be determined. Furthermore thorough research is needed to exclude any harmful problem for the final consumers – humans.
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Von Bargen, Jennifer, Christian T. Smith, and John Rueth. "Development of a Chinook Salmon Sex Identification SNP Assay Based on the Growth Hormone Pseudogene." Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 6, no. 1 (February 1, 2015): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/012014-jfwm-004.
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Abstract Genotypic sex identification assays can provide valuable information about fish populations when phenotypic sex determination is difficult. Here we describe the development of a TaqMan® assay (Ots_SexID) designed to identify the genotypic sex by targeting a region previously examined in the growth hormone pseudogene for winter-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) collected from the Sacramento River and spawned at the Livingston Stone National Fish Hatchery. Accuracy of the marker was assessed by comparing genotypic sex assignments for Chinook salmon spawned at Livingston Stone National Fish hatchery in 2012 (n = 84) with phenotypic sex recorded during spawning. Genotypic sex was observed to be concordant with phenotypic sex identified using Ots_SexID in 83/84 individuals, suggesting that the assay could be used to predict phenotypic sex with ∼︀99% accuracy. To evaluate the utility of the TaqMan assay in other parts of the species’ range, we examined collections from 29 other populations ranging from Alaska to California. Genotypic sex assignments based on the assay were generally concordant with observed phenotypes, but there were some strong exceptions. These results suggest that the new assay will be very useful for Sacramento River winter-run Chinook salmon, but also highlight the importance of thoroughly testing any genotypic sex identification assay before application in a population of interest.
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Manullang, Helentina Mariance, and Khairul Khairul. "Biological Aspect of Betta raja of Wild Type at Bandar Tinggi Village." International Journal on Advanced Science, Education, and Religion 3, no. 3 (November 25, 2020): 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33648/ijoaser.v3i3.71.
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Betta raja is endemic wild Betta fish whose habitat is found in Sumatera Island. One of the habitat found in Desa Bandar Tinggi, Kecamatan Bilah Hulu, Kabupaten Labuhanbatu. Population B. raja is increasingly diminished due to illegal logging and land conversion. The purpose of this research is to know the biological aspects of Lakepe fish (B. raja) in their natural habitat in Bandar Tinggi Village, Labuhan Batu Regency. Monitoring of biological aspects of B. raja in its original habitat needs to be. Considering B. raja as the biological wealth of endemic fish species that needs to be preserved. Methodology: The study uses exploratory methods with the determination of purposive sampling observation stations. Samples of fish captured using a fishing rod. The results of the study showed the value of b < 3, then the pattern of fish growth is negative allometric, the population density of average fish is 0.33 – 0.40 Ind/m², and and sex ratio of females and males (1:1 )
Keywords: Betta raja, Biological Aspect, Desa Bandar Tinggi
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Do, Thi Thanh Huong, Thi Kim Ha Nguyen, Tinh Em Nguyen, Minh Ky Tang, Takagi Yasuaki, and Thanh Phuong Nguyen. "Effects of temperature on growth performance, survival rate, digestive enzyme activities and physiological parameters of striped snakehead (Channa striata) at fry stage." Can Tho University Journal of Science 13, Aquaculture (June 30, 2021): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22144/ctu.jen.2021.012.
Full textAbstract:
The effects of temperature on growth performance, survival rate, digestive enzymatic activities, and physiological responses of striped snakehead (Channa striata) at fry stage were evaluated. The study consisted of two trials including (1) determination of temperature threshold and (2) effects of different temperatures (24°C, 27°C (control), 30°C, 33°C and 36°C) on growth performance, survival rate, digestive enzyme activities and physiological parameters of striped snakehead fry stage for 90 days. The growth experiment was conducted in 500-L tank (250-L water) with triplicates. The stocking density was 300 individuals per tank. Striped snakehead at fry stage showed a high tolerance to temperature ranging from 10 to 40ºC. After 90 days, fish reared in 30°C performed the greatest weight and survival rate (13.1±3.12 g/fish and 15.5±4.63%, respectively). The number of red blood cells and hemoglobin concentrations increased with the increase in temperature. It was discovered that different temperatures (from 27 to 36°C) did not significantly influence the number of white blood cells, osmolality, and ion concentration of fish. Glucose and cortisol concentrations increased with temperature rises and peaked in fish reared at 36°C, while temperatures of 30oC and 33oC showed higher digestive enzyme activities. It proves that 30°C is the optimal level for striped snakehead fry rearing.
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Ahmed, Md Sagir, and Gulshan Ara Latifa. "Determination of the Age and Growth of Glossogobius Giuris (Hamilton-Buchanan, 1822) Using Sectioned Otolith." Bangladesh Journal of Zoology 40, no. 1 (December 9, 2012): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v40i1.12889.
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The freshwater gobi, Glossogobius giuris (Hamilton-Buchanan, 1822) (Gobiidae: Perciformes) is an important freshwater fish species in Bangladesh. The age and growth of this species, collected from the river Titas, Brahmanbaria, were studied with transverse sections of otoliths. The otoliths opaque zones that are formed every year were the annual rings. The growth of this species was rapid during the first two years, reaching 18.5 cm in total length. Most of the specimens were 1-2 years old and accounted for 90% in total. The maximum age recorded was five years with 19.5 cm in total length. The von Bertalanffy growth parameters L? and K for this species were 19.58 cm and 1.36/year, respectively. The study indicated that the age and growth of G. giuris can be determined using its sectioned otolith. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v40i1.12889 Bangladesh J. Zool. 40(1): 13-19, 2012
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DiPinto, Lisa, Tony Penn, John Iliff, and Charles Peterson. "DETERMINING THE SCALE OF RESTORATION FOR A FISH KILL IN THE ALAFIA RIVER, FLORIDA1." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2001, no. 2 (March 1, 2001): 1511–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2001-2-1511.
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ABSTRACT In December 1997, a phosphogypsum stack wall failed at a phosphoric acid/ fertilizer production facility in Mulberry, Florida, releasing 50–56 million gallons of acidic process water into the Alafia River, a major tributary of Tampa Bay. The process water lowered the pH along 35 miles of the river to levels ranging from approximately 2.3 in the freshwater portion to 3–4 in the lower 10-mile estuarine portion. This release resulted in a significant fish kill and injuries to other natural resources and services. This paper describes the fish kill assessment and the determination of restoration type and scale to offset the fish injuries. The assessment team quantified the fish kill as total biomass lost, defined as the sum of direct mortality plus the foregone future production, as loss of somatic growth of those individuals that were killed. The team identified creation and/or enhancement of fish habitats as the preferred alternatives to provide fish production of the species that were injured, which is an established approach to compensate for acute, species-specific losses. Case-specific analytic techniques were used to estimate secondary productivities from the preferred habitats. Based on the productivity data, the assessment team calculated the scale of the habitat projects that, over the course of their lifetimes, would provide the same amount of biomass that was lost. While the injuries were the result of a hazardous substance release, as opposed to an oil spill, the methods used for injury determination and restoration scaling are directly applicable to an oil spill scenario.
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Jeremic, Svetlana, Vladimir Radosavljevic, and Dobrila Jakic-Dimic. "Current bacterial diseases of fresh water fishes." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 21, no. 3-4 (2005): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah0504141j.
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From the beginning of fish cultivation, diseases have appeared as a serious problem in this branch of agriculture. In recent years, by the intensifying of production, fish diseases have become even more significant and complex field. Bacterial diseases are constant threat for fish farming, and because of rapid course and severity of clinical manifestations the represent significant part of fish pathology, and also have great economical importance. Harmful effects of bacterial diseases on fishes are: increased morbidity and mortality rate, decreased feed conversion efficiency, decreased growth rates, weakening of fishes, and reproduction problems. In order to examine epizootiological situation and occurrence of bacterial diseases among cultured fish in Serbia, three year research was carried out in 7 carp farms and 3 rainbow trout farms. Also, regular systematic examinations were conducted. Samples of internal organs, skin and gills were inoculated with streak-plate technique on standard and differential culture media plates. Inoculated plates were incubated for 24-48 hours at 20?C and 30?C. After incubation period, colonies were examined, and determination was done on the basis of following characteristics of colonies: form, color, mucosity granulation, roughness and hemolytic properties. Determination of bacterial isolates was done by using API 20E, API rapid. API Coryne systems, and by agglutination method with hyper immune aera. The most frequent diseases among the farmed carp and rainbow trout populations in the examined fish farms were: Bacterial gill disease, Columnaris disease. Yersiniosis Renibacteriosis, Erythrodermatitis. Motile Aeromonas and Pseudomonas infections. Based on the obtained results, modern diagnostic methods were implemented and proper prevention and successful therapy was taken.
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WANG, RUNDONG, XIAOJUN HU, YIJIA DENG, and RAVI GOONERATNE. "Effect of Food Matrix Type on Growth Characteristics of and Hemolysin Production by Vibrio alginolyticus." Journal of Food Protection 84, no. 8 (April 9, 2021): 1411–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/jfp-20-490.
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ABSTRACT The growth of and hemolysin production by two V. alginolyticus strains (HY9901 and ATCC 17749T) at 30°C were investigated in briny tilapia, shrimp, scallop, oyster, pork, chicken, freshwater fish, and egg fried rice. Bacteria were enumerated by plate counting. Hemolysin production was evaluated with blood agar and hemolytic titer tests. The two V. alginolyticus strains had similar growth and hemolysin production patterns in all tested foods. Based on the goodness-of-fit primary model statistics (coefficient of determination, mean square error, bias factor, and accuracy factor), the modified Gompertz model was a better fit than the logistic model to V. alginolyticus growth in foods. Growth kinetic parameters of V. alginolyticus had a higher μmax and shorter λ in the following order: briny tilapia > shrimp > freshwater fish > egg fried rice > scallop > oyster > chicken > pork. V. alginolyticus levels were similar at the stationary phase, with no significant growth difference between raw and cooked foods. Significantly higher thermostable direct hemolysin activity (P < 0.05) was found for V. alginolyticus in the following order: briny tilapia > freshwater fish > shrimp > chicken > egg fried rice > scallop > oyster > pork. However, the hemolytic titer was not consistent with the thermostable direct hemolysin activity and was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the following order: briny tilapia > egg fried rice > shrimp > freshwater fish > chicken > scallop > oyster > pork. Contrary to current belief, V. alginolyticus produced more hemolysin in some nonseafoods (freshwater fish, egg fried rice, and chicken) than in scallops or oysters. This report is the first on the growth and toxicity of V. alginolyticus in different food matrices and confirms that some nonseafoods can be contaminated with pathogenic V. alginolyticus. These results should increase awareness of nonseafood safety issues and improve the accuracy of V. alginolyticus risk assessments. HIGHLIGHTS
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Trudel, Marc, Alain Tremblay, Roger Schetagne, and Joseph B. Rasmussen. "Estimating food consumption rates of fish using a mercury mass balance model." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 57, no. 2 (February 1, 2000): 414–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f99-262.
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We present a simple method for estimating food consumption rates of fish in the field based on a mercury (Hg) mass balance model. This method requires the determination of fish age, size, and growth and Hg concentration in fish and their food. The model was validated using data obtained from a previously published laboratory experiment. A field test of the model showed that food consumption rates determined with the Hg mass balance model differed from independent estimates obtained with the 137Cs method by only 0.6-16.1%. The model was applied to fish from various lakes in Quebec and Ontario. Food consumption rates estimated with the Hg mass balance model varied significantly both among species and among populations. Furthermore, female fish tended to eat 30-40% more food than males, probably to meet the larger energy requirement associated with egg production. A sensitivity analysis indicated that the Hg mass balance model was mostly responsive to variables that can be easily measured in the field, such as fish size and Hg concentration in fish and their food. By providing a low-effort approach to quantifying food consumption rates of fish in the field, this method may help to refine our understanding of the environmental factors that influence the quantity of food consumed by fish.
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Hamamci, Haluk, Ali Oğuz Büyükkileci, and Nihal Destan Aytekin. "Growth characteristics determination for in vitro and pilot-scale growth of the potential probiotic, Enterococcus faecium to be used in fish aquaculturing." New Biotechnology 29 (September 2012): S76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2012.08.212.
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Wang, Ju Xiang, Xiao Wang, and Xin Wu. "Design of Water Dissolved Oxygen Test System." Key Engineering Materials 467-469 (February 2011): 1189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.467-469.1189.
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The amount of the dissolved oxygen in the water is an important index for the fishery breeding. This design is intended to avoid the negligence in fishery breeding because farmers failed to increase the oxygen to the pond, which led to the death of fish, also discussed the influence of algae water pollution, temperature and water depth on the determination. The design using acidic gel electrolyte original battery coated in oxygen sensors as oxygen sensor，AT89S52 SCM system as the oxygen determination and control system, SCM control relay to control the opened and closed of aerator. To improve the accuracy of oxygen collection, this design uses three oxygen sensor at different positions turns sequential sampling in the pond, by the A/D converter into SCM and corresponding control signal. If the average value of oxygen content in the pool below the lowest oxygen resistance of fish aerator would be opened, to ensure the lowest oxygen content so that fish will avoid death. Avoid the economic losses caused by the fish death as farmers fail to open aerator timely, that because of the low oxygen content cause by the sudden changes of light, temperature, pressure and so on. At the same time the design will always show the oxygen content at all times, so that oxygen contents can be adjusted according to the numerical value in the pond, to achieve optimal oxygen content and improve the standard of fish feed conversion rate and growth rate.