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Journal articles on the topic 'Fish industrialization'
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Das, Manju, aman S, S. Biswas, and Mitra A. "Estuarine Fish Fauna Affected due to Industrialization near D. H." International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science 6, no. 4 (2019): 259–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaers.6.4.29.
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Poernomo, Achmad, and Endang Sri Heruwati. "Industrialization in fisheries: a challenge to change." Squalen Bulletin of Marine and Fisheries Postharvest and Biotechnology 6, no. 3 (March 20, 2014): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/squalen.v6i3.65.
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To manage with the Indonesian vision as the biggest producer of fisheries in 2015, capture,aquaculture, and post-harvest fisheries should be ready to operate at large or business scale.Consequently, industrialization should be promoted since this is the most appropriate way tomanage fisheries in business manner. Though it has a positive goal to maximize the utilization offisheries resource for the improvement of economic and prosperity of Indonesian people, however,industrialization undoubtedly retains a negative impact in terms of threats on the sustainability offishery and other natural resources. This article summarises review and analysis aiming to developan ideal model in order to strengthen the fisheries industrialization in Indonesia. Based on previousweaknesses, the ideal model is the one that reflects an inclusive and holistic manner, suitable forvarious characteristics of industries in each typical areas and people of Indonesia, with the emphasison competitive advantage, untraditional, and commercial basis, especially in respect to thedevelopment of a strong fisheries business. This kind of model should also maintain harmonizedand coordinated programs and actions between involved related institutions. Research supportsare needed to develop and test the most appropriate model. Also, in technical basis, innovationson fish capture, aquaculture, as well as processing technologies are urgently needed as acomplement to the developed model of fisheries industries. One thing that should be kept in mindis the importance of management and conservation of natural resources, including resource forfisheries capture and aquaculture, germ plasms and genetic fish resources, as well as marinemicroorganisms, as these all are the main assets for the development of marine and fisheries inIndonesia.
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Coppola, Daniela, Chiara Lauritano, Fortunato Palma Esposito, Gennaro Riccio, Carmen Rizzo, and Donatella de Pascale. "Fish Waste: From Problem to Valuable Resource." Marine Drugs 19, no. 2 (February 19, 2021): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md19020116.
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Following the growth of the global population and the subsequent rapid increase in urbanization and industrialization, the fisheries and aquaculture production has seen a massive increase driven mainly by the development of fishing technologies. Accordingly, a remarkable increase in the amount of fish waste has been produced around the world; it has been estimated that about two-thirds of the total amount of fish is discarded as waste, creating huge economic and environmental concerns. For this reason, the disposal and recycling of these wastes has become a key issue to be resolved. With the growing attention of the circular economy, the exploitation of underused or discarded marine material can represent a sustainable strategy for the realization of a circular bioeconomy, with the production of materials with high added value. In this study, we underline the enormous role that fish waste can have in the socio-economic sector. This review presents the different compounds with high commercial value obtained by fish byproducts, including collagen, enzymes, and bioactive peptides, and lists their possible applications in different fields.
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Aghoghovwia, Ogaga, Olusegun Oyelese, and Elijah Ohimain. "Impacts of Industrialization on Fish Species Composition and Diversity in Warri River, Niger Delta, Nigeria." Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International 3, no. 3 (January 10, 2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jgeesi/2015/18636.
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Khoshnood, Zahra, and Reza Khoshnood. "Effect of Industrial Wastewater on Fish in Karoon River." Transylvanian Review of Systematical and Ecological Research 17, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/trser-2015-0052.
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Abstract In 2009, 36 fish were sampled from two stations in the Karoon River near an industrial site. Two species of fish, Barbus grypus and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix were analyzed for total mercury (Hg) concentration in liver and muscle tissues. The average concentrations of total Hg in liver of B. grypus were 18.92 and 10.19 μg.g-1 in stations 1 and 2 respectively. The corresponding values for total Hg in edible muscle of Barbus grypus were 8.47 and 0.08 μg.g-1. The average concentrations of Hg in the liver of H. molitrix were 25.49 and 12.52 μg.g-1 in stations 1 and 2 respectively. The values for H. molitrix were 11.88 and 3.2 μg.g-1 in station 1 and station 2 respectively. The results showed that the bioavailability of Hg has increased considerably after industrialization and that these values were higher than the standard values as a result of anthropogenic activities in the region.
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Ajani, E. K., and K. J. Balogun. "Variability in Levels of Heavy Metals in Water and Fish (Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus) tissues from Badagry Creek, Nigeria." Journal of Biology and Life Science 6, no. 2 (August 3, 2015): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jbls.v6i2.7602.
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The occurrence of metals viz., lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr) in water and fish ( Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus) samples collected bi-monthly from nine stations (water) and 3 designated landing sites (fish) of Badagry creek were investigated using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) method. With an exception of cadmium, metals concentration was lower in the water samples and higher in the fish tissues, indicating a bioaccumulation tendency of fish. Concentration levels in water were found in decreasing order of magnitude Cr > Pb > Fe > Zn > Cu > Cd. However, metals investigated except Cu (highest concentration in the liver) had highest concentrations in the fish gills, which could be related to the uptake pathway. The relatively lower wet season Cu, Pb, Cr and Cd in water could be attributed to a dilution effect of rainfall. Although, presently the mean concentrations of all the heavy metals except Pb in this study were moderate and within the Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) permissible standard limit for aquatic life , the elevation of metal concentrations in this creek is inevitable under the prevailing conditions of increasing urbanization, industrialization and other forms of modernization in Badagry and environs. Nevertheless, it is imperative to ensure regular monitoring of heavy metal loading in this creek and other water bodies with a view to safeguard public health.
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Chin, K. K., and S. L. Ong. "Water conservation and pollution control for intensive prawn farms." Water Science and Technology 35, no. 8 (April 1, 1997): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0299.
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Hundreds of fish and prawn farms were constructed in the past decades. Many of these farms have ceased operation mainly due to the outbreak of diseases. With population increase, rapid urbanization and industrialization, water quality at the estuary and coastal regions where most of the fish and prawn farms are located is deteriorating. Treatment and recycling of water are essential to maintain the water quality at an acceptable level. A system consisting of preliminary settling, biofiltration, secondary settling and final polishing with a biofilter was tested in an experimental farm. Water quality was maintained at relatively good level at the cultivating pond after 120-day growing period. The growing facilities continued to show good performances after 4 growing cycles with a 2-week rest period between each cycle. Similar system was installed at a 26-hectare farm site having several ponds with sizes varying from 0.7 to 2.5 hectares. No disease outbreak was encountered after the installation of the treatment and recycling facilities.
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Roy, S., LN Banna, M. Hossain, and H. Rahman. "Water quality of Narai canal and Balu river of Dhaka City: An impact of industrialization." Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 12, no. 2 (July 12, 2016): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v12i2.28686.
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Rapid industrialization around riverside without having proper environmental consideration causes severe water pollution in our country. On accordance with the consecution of this problem the study was conducted to investigate the water quality of Narai canal and Balu river during January to June, 2012. Water quality parameter analysis i.e. color, odor, pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), ammonium (NH4) results show that except pH all exceeded standard limit for domestic water use, irrigation and fish cultivation. The minimum and maximum values of pH, TDS, DO and NH4 were 6.89-7.33, 982-1308 ppm, 0.33-2.12 ppm and 6.79-89.76 ppm, respectively. Present analysis with secondary research data also revealed that this pollution rate is becoming intensified quickly which may pose a great threat in future for human health, ecosystem and sustainable agricultural production. So, Effluent Treatment Plants (ETP) is urgently needed to minimize the concentration of pollutants and ultimately to save the river water of the concerned area.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 12(2): 285-290, December 2014
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Nasution, Zahri, and Bayu Vita Indah Yanti. "INDUSTRIALISASI PERIKANAN MENDUKUNG KETAHANAN PANGAN DI PEDESAAN PERAIRAN UMUM DARATAN." Jurnal Kebijakan Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan dan Perikanan 4, no. 2 (November 29, 2014): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jksekp.v4i2.602.
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Potensi perikanan di wilayah perairan umum daratan di Indonesia yang mencapai 13,85 juta hayang terdiri atas sungai dan rawa banjiran, danau alami, dan waduk. Saat ini perikanan tangkap perairanumum daratan (PUD) berfungsi sebagai sumber mata pencaharian bagi sebagian besar masyarakatdi pedesaan, terutama nelayan, pembudidaya ikan di perairan umum, pengolah hasil perikanan danpedagang ikan. Industrialisasi perikanan merupakan program pembangunan sektor perikanan pada saatini merupakan lanjutan pelaksanaan program minapolitan. Penelitian bertujuan mengkaji penerapanindustrialisasi perikanan dan dukungannya terhadap program ketahanan pangan di wilayah PUD telahdilakukan pada ekosistem sungai dan rawa, danau, dan waduk. Kajian dilakukan secara kualitatifdengan menganalisis lebih mendalam terhadap beberapa hasil penelitian yang terkait dengan programindustrialisasi perikanan pada kawasan minapolitan perairan umum daratan. Hasil kajian menujukkanbahwa industrialisasi perikanan PUD apabila dijalankan dengan memperhatikan konsep pengelolaanPUD secara berkelanjutan melalui pendekatan pengembangan perikanan tangkap berbasis budidaya(CBF) dan pengendalian kegiatan budidaya, maka akan mendukung program ketahanan pangannasional. Unsur keberlanjutan pada pelaksanaan program menjadi penting, karena jika sumber dayaperikanan PUD dapat dimanfaatkan secara berkelanjutan, maka masyarakat tidak akan kesulitan dalammemenuhi kebutuhan pangan, dilihat dari aspek ketersediaan, akses, dan stabilitas ketersediaannyaserta peningkatan daya belinya. Implikasi kebijakan yang diperlukan apabila industrialisasi perikananPUD dilaksanakan dengan memperhatikan keberlangsungan sumber daya perikanan PUD, maka DinasKelautan dan Perikanan Kabupaten/Kota kiranya perlu ditingkatkan kapasitasnya dalam kaitannyadengan sistem dan kelembagaan pengelolaan sumberdaya perikanan PUD secara berkelanjutan.Title: Fisheries Industrialization Support Program On Food Security atInland Open Waters AreaThe potential area of fisheries in inland openwaters area in Indonesia covering of 13.85 million ha.The potential is consisting of rivers and swamps flood, natural lakes, and reservoirs. Currently fisheriesinland openwaters serve as a source of livelihood for most rural communities, especially fishermen, fishfarmers in openwaters, processing fishery and fish traders. Industrialization of fisheries are fisheriessector development program at this time. This program is a continuation of the program minapolitan.Studies conducted in this paper attempts to review the implementation of the industrialization of fisheriesand its support on food security programs in the area of inland openwaters. This paper based onresearch conducted qualitatively by analyzing the depth of some of the research related to fisheriesindustrialization and minapolitan program of inland openwaters. The results of research showed that theindustrialization of fisheries in inland openwaters if the region is run with attention to the concept of inlandwater management approach on an ongoing basis through the development of culture-based fisheries(CBF) and control of fish culture activities, it will support the national food security program. Elements ofsustainability in the implementation of the program is important, because if the inland waters fisheriesresources can be used sustainable, then the public will have no trouble in meeting the needs of food,from the aspects of availability, access, stability and availability and increased purchasing power. Policyimplications will be needed if the industrialization of fisheries in openwaters is increasing the capacityof the role of the Fishery and Extention Services in each Regency / City in relation to the system andinstitutional management of fisheries resources of inland openwaters.
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Araújo, Wanessa Shuelen Costa, Carina Martins Moraes, Vanderson Vasconcelos Dantas, Andrey Carlos Sacramento de Oliveira, Talita Bandeira Roos, Luiza Helena da Silva Martins, and Lúcia De Fátima Henriques Lourenço. "Standardization of Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for the Authentication of Arapaima gigas fish." Journal of Agricultural Studies 8, no. 2 (June 4, 2020): 716. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jas.v8i2.16962.
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Pirarucu is a freshwater fish that presents a great commercial value for being well accepted by the consumers and for showing excellent meat quality. The zoological identification of fisheries during industrial processing is harmed by the removal of external morphologic characteristics, facilitating fraudulent practices in commercialization. In this context, the identification at the molecular level is an important tool in the inspection and commercialization of the fishery. The DNA resists to the processing methods, like the salting, the most common way of commercializing the pirarucu. The Polymerase chain reaction, PCR assay, were applied in samples that suffered degradation or have gone under industrialization methods. This work aimed use the PCR technique as a tool to authenticate the Arapaima gigas species and to avoid possible frauds in commercially available products. The obtained data showed the efficiencies of the DNA extraction, the amplification of the target sequence, and identification of the genetic material through PCR. It is possible to conclude that the PCR technique that was standardized in the present study showed high sensibility, precision, and specificity for the detection of the genetic material of Arapaima gigas, constituting a useful tool for the monitoring and inspection during its commercialization.
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Maharani, Hertria, and Rani Hafsaridewi. "PENGEMBANGAN SEKTOR PEMASARAN SEBAGAI DUKUNGAN TERHADAP PROGRAM INDUSTRIALISASI PERIKANAN (Studi Kasus: Komoditas Nila di Kabupaten Musi Rawas Propinsi Sumatera Selatan)." Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan dan Perikanan 9, no. 1 (June 12, 2014): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jsekp.v9i1.33.
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Industrialisasi perikanan yang dicanangkan oleh Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan bertujuan untuk meningkatkan produksi, produktivitas dan nilai tambah produk kelautan dan perikanan yang berdaya saing tinggi. Peningkatan produksi yang tanpa disertai oleh upaya meningkatkan pemasaran akan berdampak pada kurang berhasilnya program tersebut. Penelitian ini mengkaji usaha budidaya, pasar, saluran pemasaran dan perdagangan ikan nila yang berasal dari Kabupaten Musi Rawas, Propinsi Sumatera Selatan. Studi lapangan dilakukan pada Bulan Maret-Juni 2012. Instrumen utama yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survey dengan bantuan kuesioner dan wawancara mendalam dengan informan kunci. Responden terdiri dari pembudidaya, pengumpul, pedagang serta penentu kebijakan yang terkait dengan komoditas ikan nila. Metode analisis dilakukan secara analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun terdapat peningkatan produksi budidaya ikan nila, namun pemasaran ikan terbatas pada pasar lokal. Pihak pembudidaya masih menjadi pihak price takeryang artinya tidak dapat meningkatkan posisi tawarnya. Struktur pasar pembudidaya bersifat persaingan sempurna, pada sisi lain dengan struktur pedagang bersifat oligopsoni sehingga harga di tingkat pembudidaya berada dibawah pengendalian pedagang. Untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan petani budidaya, dibutuhkan upaya menghilangkan pola patron-clientdalam pembiayaan usaha dan pengembangan jalur pemasaran baru perlu dilakukan seperti dengan mencari pelanggan untuk keperluan restoran ataupun melakukan pemasaran ikan nila hingga ke daerah lain(Title: Marketing Sector Development As A Support For Fisheries Industrialization Program (Case Study: Tilapia Fish in the Musi Rawas Regency, South Sumatera))Fisheries industrialization were announced by the Ministry of Marineand FisheriesAffairs aims to increase production, productivity and value-added of fishery products. But of course, increased production without increasing marketing efforts will makeless successful impact for the program. This research will examine aquaculture bussiness, market, marketing channel and trading of tilapia from Musi Rawas Regency, South Sumatra Province. Field studies conducted in March until June 2012 .The main instrument of this study using a survey method with questionnaires and in-depth interviews with key informants. Respondents were consist of farmers, fish collectors, traders and policy makers related tilapia. Methods of analysis conducted with descriptive analysis. Results study showed that despite an increase in production experienced by farmers, but commodities marketed limited to the local market. Fish farmer is still as price takers meaning it cannot increasing their bargaining power. The structure of farmers markets are perfectly competitive, on the other hand the structure of merchanct is oligopsonistic. So the prices at the farmers level are controlled by merchants. To improve the welfare of fish farmers, it should diminish patron client relationship and develop a new marketing channels, such as searching customer for restaurant or marketing tilapia to another region.
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Vormedal, Irja, and Jon Birger Skjærseth. "The good, the bad, or the ugly? Corporate strategies, size, and environmental regulation in the fish-farming industry." Business and Politics 22, no. 3 (November 22, 2019): 510–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bap.2019.30.
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AbstractThis article investigates corporate responses to environmental regulation of fish farming in Norway, the world's largest producer and exporter of salmon. We note a puzzling strategic divergence within the industry: whereas small firms have strongly opposed new standards, large and multinational firms have supported or even demanded stricter regulation. Traditional models for business response strategies can explain this divergence only partly. We develop a supplementary, explanatory perspective focusing on company size and predatory opportunities, to show how large and dominant corporate players can use environmental regulation strategically to strengthen their competitive advantages at the expense of small and weaker rivals. This highlights a neglected dimension of regulatory effects and motives behind corporate demand for strict and costly standards. It aso shows how environmental regulations may cause trade-offs with local development concerns, relevant to other natural resource-based sectors evolving from smaller-scale production towards full-fledged industrialization.
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Mello, S. C. R. P., M. Q. Freitas, S. C. São Clemente, R. M. Franco, E. B. Nogueira, and D. D. G. C. Freitas. "Development and bacteriological, chemical and sensory characterization of fishburgers made of Tilapia minced meat and surimi." Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia 64, no. 5 (October 2012): 1389–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-09352012000500041.
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In this study fishburger samples obtained from tilapia minced meat and surimi retrieved from fillet frames - filleting process waste - have been assessed. Four different preparations of fishburger were made. Chemical analyses was performed for protein, lipids, moisture and ash assessments, as well as bacteriological analyses through mesophilic aerobic heterotrophic and psychrotrophic bacteria counts, isolation and identification of Salmonella spp., coagulase-positive Staphylococcus and fecal coliforms. Instrumental measurements were also carried out for texture and tested sensory acceptance. The costs of the ingredients used in the preparation of formulas were also assessed. Microbiological standards, established by current regulations, were met by all samples. No significant gap (P>0.05) was detected among the percentage of protein, moisture and ashes, while a significant gap (P<0.05) was verified for lipids. A significant gap (P<0.05) for the instrumental measurements of texture was also observed. Both surimi and minced meat fishburger presented good acceptance on sensory tests for taste, texture and overall impression. The use of smoked fish flavoring and surimi caused a considerable increase in costs due to ingredient acquisition. This study shows a positive result for the industrialization and consumption potential of fishburgers made of minced fish retrieved from fillet frames.
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Kalaida, Marina, Lada Govorkova, Madina Khamitova, Olga Anokhina, and Andrey Kalaida. "The role of ichthyopathological observations in the industrial reproduction of sterlet for the tasks of release into the Kuibyshev reservoir." E3S Web of Conferences 288 (2021): 01046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128801046.
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The features of the industrial reproduction of sterlet in the Middle Volga region are considered. The necessity of further increasing the volume of production and release of juvenile sterlet to the Kuibyshev reservoir is shown. An increase in the relevance of research works in the field of sturgeon ichthyopathology has been noted. The importance of carrying out ichthyopathological observations is shown both for ensuring the stability and efficiency of production, and for preserving the natural population of sterlet in the Kuibyshev reservoir. The article considers the relative novelty of ichthyopathology as a science and the discrepancy between normative legal acts regulating ichthyopathological observations in Russia. The industrialization of aquaculture forms is shown. The emergence of new sturgeon diseases specific to high-intensity fish farming was noted. The results of experiments on the use of inorganic drugs for the treatment of sturgeon nutritional diseases are presented.
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Ningwuri, Astrid Aditika. "Dua Budaya, Pertanian dan Industri - Mata pencaharian dalam Masyarakat Pesisir Dukuh Tapak, Tugurejo, Tugu, Kota Semarang." Sabda : Jurnal Kajian Kebudayaan 10, no. 1 (February 3, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/sabda.v10i1.13281.
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This study examines two cultural forms of livelihood in coastal communities Dukuh Tapak, Kelurahan Tugurejo, Semarang. This research purpose is to identify the conditions of each individual and family livelihood, a reason to the dualism of livelihood, and the influence of industry on the social and economic life. This research use a qualitative method, collecting primary data through in-depth interviews and observation, secondary data obtained from study of literature and documents. The results showed that Dukuh Tapak's people have a livelihood as factory employees while managing the fish farm as a sideline. Most people who work in factories are women and youth as a bid to shore up their family economy. Industrialization did not significantly affect the socio-economic conditions, in which a sense of kinship and mutual help are still well preserved. While in terms of economic, a family with two types of livelihood tend to be more established than a family with only working either in the industry or the agricultural sector.
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Algieri, Catia, Sudip Chakraborty, and Sebastiano Candamano. "A Way to Membrane-Based Environmental Remediation for Heavy Metal Removal." Environments 8, no. 6 (June 4, 2021): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments8060052.
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During the last century, industrialization has grown very fast and as a result heavy metals have contaminated many water sources. Due to their high toxicity, these pollutants are hazardous for humans, fish, and aquatic flora. Traditional techniques for their removal are adsorption, electro-dialysis, precipitation, and ion exchange, but they all present various drawbacks. Membrane technology represents an exciting alternative to the traditional ones characterized by high efficiency, low energy consumption and waste production, mild operating conditions, and easy scale-up. In this review, the attention has been focused on applying driven-pressure membrane processes for heavy metal removal, highlighting each of the positive and negative aspects. Advantages and disadvantages, and recent progress on the production of nanocomposite membranes and electrospun nanofiber membranes for the adsorption of heavy metal ions have also been reported and critically discussed. Finally, future prospective research activities and the key steps required to make their use effective on an industrial scale have been presented
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Bucke, D. "Aquatic pollution: effects on the health of fish and shellfish." Parasitology 106, S1 (January 1993): S25—S37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000086091.
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SUMMARYAs there is little evidence of pollution affecting the health of fish and shellfish on a global scale, this paper attempts to put into perspective the pollution/fish disease relationship by reviewing examples of studies and reports in the historic and current literature. Although there is no dispute that pollution can affect the health of aquatic organisms under laboratory conditions and may be responsible for the decline of populations of such animals in some inland waters and some estuaries, most of the evidence for pollution causing or increasing disease in fish in open waters is circumstantial. Historical data proves that almost all fish and shellfish diseases known today have been described since the end of the last century. However, it is also known that water pollution, especially in inland waters, has for the past 400-500 years been the result of urbanization and industrialization. This has resulted in some major rivers becoming devoid of or deficient in fish stocks. The concern that pollution may influence the health status of fish and shellfish stocks has increased over the past 20 years. Initial attention was paid to epidermal diseases, including fin-rot in demersal fish, and protozoan diseases in molluscs in the heavily polluted bays and estuaries in North America. As the interest in this subject spread, it became political, and often controversial, especially amongst the North Sea countries. The disagreements have largely been settled amongst scientists because international bodies, such as the International Council for Exploration of the Sea (ICES), established workshops to investigate sampling methods and disease-reporting techniques. Recommendations from those workshops have contributed to some form of standardization for field work and the subject, although largely subjective, has some objective approaches which are described. As there are variable, interacting biological and physical influences in the aquatic environment, it is difficult to establish the background prevalences of diseases in populations offish and shellfish. Examples of the influences of climatic changes are presented, and these show that short-term catastrophes can be directly related. However, a more long-term problem is water acidification resulting largely from anthropogenic activities. In parts of Scandinavia this has, and is, leading to decimation offish stocks in inland waters. In general, diseases in fish and shellfish are very localized, but there is concern amongst scientists that certain cancers, especially liver tumours, occurring in demersal fish inhabiting polluted estuarine and coastal waters, are related to the release of chemicals, e.g. hydrocarbons, pesticides and heavy metals. This subject is discussed in detail, with examples of the author's own studies in North Sea fish. It is concluded that cancers in fish are of extremely low prevalence, and only present in a very few species, and then only in the oldest animals. Though changes in disease pattern may well be an indication of adverse environmental effects, further research is necessary for conclusive evidence.
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Huda, Hakim Miftakhul, Yeti Lis Purnamadewi, and Muhammad Firdaus. "INDUSTRIALISASI PERIKANAN DALAM PENGEMBANGAN WILAYAH DI JAWA TIMUR." TATALOKA 17, no. 2 (May 3, 2015): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/tataloka.17.2.99-112.
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Disparity of development, poverty and unemployment is one of the main problems of East Java Province. On the other hand East Java province has great potential fishery. This study aims to analyze the role of the fisheries sub-sector in the regional economy of East Java province, knowing the factors that influence the fisheries development and arrange the fisheries development strategy in East Java province. Processing data using descriptive analysis, input-output (IO) and multiple linear regression. Fish processing subsector provide the largest multipliers of employment, output and value added among fisheries subsector. Inland fisheries subsector provide the largest of total linkages between fishery subsector, whereas the marine fisheries subsector have the largest of output value among the fishery subsector. Labor and maritime affairs and fisheries budget have a positive influence on the development of fisheries. Fisheries development strategy should be carried out simultaneously between marine, inland and fisheries processing. Fisheries industrialization strategy is expected to increase the value added of fisheries and reduce the disparity of development, poverty and unemployment.
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Muñoz-Abeledo, Luisa-María, María-Salomé Taboada-Mella, and Rosa-María Verdugo-Matés. "Determinantes de la participación femenina en el mercado de trabajo en la Galicia rural y urbana de 1924." Historia Agraria Revista de agricultura e historia rural, no. 79 (August 26, 2019): 161–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.26882/histagrar.079e06m.
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This article provides new data on the female labour activity rate, obtained by analysing the determinants of female participation in rural and urban labour markets in Galicia in 1924. We selected five municipalities (two cities and three towns) to represent different economic models. The two larger hubs are A Coruña, a city with industry, services and a commercial port; and Ourense, a provincial capital in the interior of the region. The smaller, more rural municipalities analysed are Bueu, a good example of the region’s industrialization model focused on fishing, fish processing; Padrón, which combines agriculture, textiles, and tanning sectors; and Nigrán, which is eminently agrarian. By combining demographic data (Nominative Population Census of 1924) with other sources, this article corrects the female activity rate in agriculture and the fishprocessing industry. The revised female labour participation rates are higher, surpassing 50% in rural municipalities and 30% in cities. We also analyse rural and urban labour markets from a gender perspective, identifying the main male and female occupations. Finally, this research explores the accuracy of the predominance of the “male breadwinner” model in this region in the 1920s.
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A., Jenyo-Oni, and Oladele A. H. "Heavy Metals Assessment In Water, Sediments And Selected Aquatic Organisms In Lake Asejire, Nigeria." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 24 (August 30, 2016): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n24p339.
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Rapid urbanization and industrialization in developing countries have been associated with production and deposition of hazardous wastes in aquatic environments. Heavy metals are major components of these wastes which have been implicated in several metal-related diseases and food poisoning in man. This study evaluated iron, lead, cobalt, nickel, chromium and cadmium concentrations in water, sediment, Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and African river prawn (Macrobrachium vollenhovenii) samples of Lake Asejire, Oyo State, Nigeria. The concentration of these metals was determined spectrophotometrically in three locations along the course of the lake. Results revealed that only iron and lead were detected in water samples. However, all the metals were found in sediments, Nile Tilapia and African river prawn. Iron had the highest mean concentrations (mg kg-1) of 2.392±0.015, 7.4314±1.184, and 1.6100±0.099 in sediments, fish and prawn respectively. Significant differences was found across each sample type for the metals determined. The detection of these metals in Lake Asejire call for close environmental monitoring and adequate public awareness. This is necessary to discourage further pollution which could lead to high metal concentration and metal poisoning.
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Islam, M., Md Karim, Xin Zheng, and Xiaofang Li. "Heavy Metal and Metalloid Pollution of Soil, Water and Foods in Bangladesh: A Critical Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 12 (December 11, 2018): 2825. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122825.
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Bangladesh is a densely populated developing country. Both industrialization and geological sources have caused widespread heavy metal and metalloid pollution in Bangladesh, which is now posing substantial threats to the local people. In this review, we carried out one of the most exhaustive literature analyses on the current status of Bangladesh heavy metal and metalloid pollution, covering water, soil, and foods. Analysis showed that soils near high traffic and industrial areas contain high concentrations of heavy metals and metalloids. Agricultural land and vegetables in sewage-irrigated areas were also found to be heavy metal- and metalloid-contaminated. River water, sediment, and fish from the Buriganga, Turag, Shitalakhya, and Karnaphuli rivers are highly contaminated with cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and chromium (Cr). Particularly, groundwater arsenic (As) pollution associated with high geological background levels in Bangladesh is well reported and is hitherto the largest mass poisoning in the world. Overall, the contamination levels of heavy metals and metalloids vary among the cities, with industrial areas being most polluted. In all, this review provides a quantitative identification of the As, Pb, Cd, and Cr contamination hotspots in Bangladesh based on the literature, which may be useful to environmental restorationists and local policy makers.
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Blanco, Graziela Dias, Natalia Hanazaki, Suelen Beeck Cunha, Marta Jussara Cremer, and Mari Lucia Campos. "Exploring the Interfaces between Ethnobiology and Ecotoxicology: A Novel Approach." Ethnobiology Letters 11, no. 1 (May 20, 2020): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14237/ebl.11.1.2020.1493.
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In recent years, increases in urbanization and industrialization have led to an increase in contaminated areas, which directly affect traditional, indigenous, and local communities who use natural resources for food and medicine. We present a discussion about the use of food resources from areas contaminated with heavy metals and focus on two case studies in southern Brazil. In the first case study, we interviewed 194 residents about the use of plants as food resources or medicine in areas adjacent to abandoned mines, and thus potentially contaminated with heavy metals. In the second case study, we interviewed 39 fishers about the consumption of fish resources from areas potentially contaminated by industrial activities. We also asked about their perceptions regarding contamination, changes in the landscape, and health problems that could be related to contamination. Although people are aware of contamination, consuming local plants and sea food has not stopped because some of these practices are directly linked to their cultural identity; additionally, there might be a lack of public recognition toward contamination. The combination of ethnoecological and ecotoxicological studies is necessary to assess environmental problems caused by heavy metals, as well as concerns about food security and the health of local communities.
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Sariffuddin, S., and Arwan Putra Wijaya. "POLA ADAPTASI MASYARAKAT PESISIR GENUK KOTA SEMARANG (Patterns of Community Adaptation to Environmental Degradation in Genuk Coastal Area, Semarang)." Jurnal Tataloka 16, no. 4 (November 7, 2014): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/tataloka.16.4.245-253.
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Globalization brings many consequences for Indonesian urban development and the communities. Industrialization is one of them. Globalization also brings policy transformation affecting the community’s welfare and lifestyle. One of the indicators is that local values have started to fade. The similar condition also occurs in fishermen’s and fish farmers’ settlements in Semarang, which have transformed into industrial settlements in 1980s during the industrialization period. Land conversion occurred in a short time from ponds and rice fields into factories, warehouses, and new labor’s settlements. It did not take a long time for the community’s local values to transform into the new ones influenced by the welfare level of the new community. Based on the phenomena, this study aims to understand the lifestyle of the community and its influence in managing the housing environment with Genuk coastal area of Semarang City as a case. This research has three objectives: to understand the motivation to urbanization, to comprehend the neighborhoods’ conditions, and to comprehend the influence of community’s lifestyle towards the settlement condition. In achieving the objectives, the qualitative approach supported by some quantitative data is used. The results show that there are three classes of the community influencing the environmental management. It is found that the people’s migration reasons had a big influence for the environmental management. In this case, the middle-class community is a key stakeholder to overcome the environmental problems. It becomes good initiator. On the contrary, the lower class has a less role in dealing with the environmental problems. It has even a big contribution on environmental degradation. Meanwhile, the upper class pays less attention to the environment. Only a little part of it, especially the local one, is willing to take part in the environmental management. The middle-class people consider that the problems arise due to the inappropriate planning. Unfortunately, they are not capable of dealing with the problems. On the contrary, the upper-class people consider that the issues arise from the lower class behavior that does not pay attention to the environment. As a consequence, the upper-class community is not willing to address the problems.
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Yücel, Şennan. "Rekreasyon/Sportif Olta Balıkçılığı; Ankara İli Örneği." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 9, no. 3 (March 28, 2021): 542–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v9i3.542-548.4013.
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The concentration of job opportunities in the city centers with the industrialization and the advancement in technology since the 19th century has accelerated the rural-urban migration. Ankara is one of the leading provinces receiving immigration due to the effect of being the capital city. The demand for recreation areas has increased in crowded cities. Recreational anglers especially in ponds, lakes, dams and rivers have been increasing rapidly. Angling done for only sports and recreation purpose without any commercial gain is the one the most important recreational activities. Socio-economic status of fishermen was investigated in the field study. The seasons, hours and periods of fishing, self-sufficiency of catches, continuity of fish stocks and relative amount of catch in fishing of amateur fishermen were determined. The safety of the fishes in terms of health, their opinions and thoughts about fishing rules, ownership status of amateur angling certificate and whether they are aware of the institutions that inspect the laws and regulations were investigated. The results of the research are aimed to shed light on the fishermen who have devoted themselves to recreational angling. In addition, it is aimed to increase the number of amateur fishermen with high level of awareness that will contribute to the provision of sustainable and continuous fishing by raising the level of awareness.
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Chen, Zhongyuan, Hao Xu, and Yanna Wang. "Ecological Degradation of the Yangtze and Nile Delta-Estuaries in Response to Dam Construction with Special Reference to Monsoonal and Arid Climate Settings." Water 13, no. 9 (April 21, 2021): 1145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13091145.
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This study reviews the monsoonal Yangtze and the arid Nile deltas with the objective of understanding how the process–response between river-basin modifications and delta-estuary ecological degradation are interrelated under contrasting hydroclimate dynamics. Our analysis shows that the Yangtze River had a long-term stepwise reduction in sediment and silicate fluxes to estuary due to dam construction since the 1960s, especially after the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) closed in 2003. By contrast, the Nile had a drastic reduction of sediment, freshwater, and silicate fluxes immediately after the construction of the Aswan High Dam (AHD) in 1964. Seasonal rainfall in the mid-lower Yangtze basin (below TGD) complemented riverine materials to its estuary, but little was available to the Nile coast below the AHD in the hyper-arid climate setting. Nitrogen (N) and phosphate (P) fluxes in both river basins have increased because of the overuse of N- and P-fertilizer, land-use changes, urbanization, and industrialization. Nutrient ratios (N:P:Si) in both delta-estuaries was greatly altered, i.e., Yangtze case: 75:1:946 (1960s–1970s), 86:1:272 (1980s–1990s) and 102:1:75 (2000s–2010s); and Nile case: 6:1:32 (1960s–1970s), 8:1:9 (1980s–1990s), and 45:1:22 (2013), in the context of the optimum of Redfield ratio (N:P:Si = 16:1:16). This led to an ecological regime shift evidenced by a long-term change in phytoplankton communities in the Yangtze estuary, where silicious algae tended to lose dominance since the end of the 1990s, when more toxic dinoflagellates began to emerge. In the Nile estuary, such a regime shift was indicated by the post-dam dramatic reduction in zooplankton standing crop and fish landings until the early 2000s when biological recovery occurred due to nutrient inputs from anthropogenic sources. Although the Yangtze had higher human impacts than the Nile in terms of population, industrialization, and fertilizer application, N concentrations in the Nile estuarine waters surpassed the Yangtze in recent decades. However, eutrophication in the Yangtze estuary is much more intensive than in the Nile, leading to the likelihood of its estuarine water becoming more acidic than ever before. Therefore, ecological degradation in both delta-estuaries does not follow a linear trajectory, due not only to different climate dynamics but also to human forcings. The comparative insights of this study should be incorporated into future integrated coastal management of these two important systems.
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Magazzù, G., G. Romeo, F. Azzaro, F. Decembrini, F. Oliva, and A. Piperno. "Chemical pollution from urban and industrial sewages in Augusta Bay (Sicily)." Water Science and Technology 32, no. 9-10 (November 1, 1995): 221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0688.
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The Augusta Bay is a complex area where heavy industrialization and dense urbanization have promoted a very high state of degradation. This basin has already been studied for several years because of various eutrophication phenomena which induced a massive fish mortality. In order to deepen our knowledge on the state of chemical pollution due to Dissolved/Dispersed Petroleum Hydrocarbons (DDPH), detergents and N- and P-salts as well as on the eutrophication of the bay, three campaigns have been carried out. The results (from 0.0 to 96.6 μg/l in chrysene equivalents) have indicated that the distribution of DDPH is characterized by an extreme spatial and temporal variability linked to occasional localized spills and to the wind's action which influences the surface water circulation in the bay. The concentration of non ionic (BiAS) and ionic (ABS) detergents averages respectively 63 and 55 μg/l with a predominance of BiAS in the waters affected by the urban discharges, while high ABS values have been also measured in correspondence of a cooling water effluent. Finally, the PO4 (max 0.3 μ/l) and NO2 + NO3 (max 4 μl) levels were relatively low and constant in comparison with previous results, while NH4 remains at a high level (max 14.6 μ/l) with supplies located in the urban discharge as well as in the industrial ones, indicating that both types of effluents are equally responsible for eutrophication and the distrophic crisis observed in the bay.
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Morsy, Karim M., Amrit K. Mishra, and Mona M. Galal. "Water Quality Assessment of the Nile Delta Lagoons." Air, Soil and Water Research 13 (January 2020): 117862212096307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178622120963072.
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Nile Delta Lagoons have been formed 7000 years before the present. The lagoons were aqua-cultural and ecological keystones for the early Egyptian agricultural civilization. The water quality of Nile Delta Lagoons has been deteriorated with the economic development, population rapid increase, and the related industrialization, which exert high pressure on the surrounding environment. The 4 lagoons (1) Maryut, (2) Edku, (3) Burullus, and (4) Manzala are large is surface area, shallow in depth and located on the Nile Delta that receive great amounts of agricultural drainage, sewage, and industrial effluents before discharging into the Mediterranean Sea. The aim of this study is to monitor and assess the water and sediment quality of the lagoons. In light of this assessment, it was found that excessive nutrients are discharged into these lagoons causing severe eutrophication. In addition, relatively low values of dissolved oxygen were recorded causing fish mortality in the lagoons which amplifies in summer as the temperature increases. The article also examined the physical and biological parameters in addition to the chemical concentration of trace metals (Zn, Fe, Pb, Mn, Cr, and Cd) in the water and sediment samples that were collected from the 4 lagoons. High values of biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total coliform, fecal coliform, fecal streptococci, ammonia (NH3), total nitrogen, and total phosphorus were recorded. In addition, high concentrations of trace metals were found in the water and sediments of the 4 lagoons.
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Kumar D, Shiva, Abhilash M R, Nagaraju A, Smitha N, and Shivalingaiah C. "Comparative Limnological Studies in Mysuru City." IRA-International Journal of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2455-4499) 4, no. 3 (October 3, 2016): 506. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jas.v4.n3.p14.
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<div><p><em>Water security is emerging as an important and imperative issue for India. Many Indian cities are experiencing moderate to severe water shortages due to understood effects of industrialization and urbanization. These shortages would be further provoked by population stress and irrigation requirements that are major factors related to water insecurity. Around 1.2 billion people, or almost one-fifth of the world's population, live in areas of physical scarcity and 500 million people are approaching this situation. Another 1.6 billion people or almost one quarter of the world's population, are facing economic water shortage. Water use is growing at more than twice the rate of population increase in the last century. The water bodies, rivers, lakes, dams and estuaries are continuously subject to dynamic state of change with respect to the geological age and geochemical characteristics. The dynamic balance in the aquatic ecosystem is upset by human activities, resulting in pollution which is manifested dramatically as fish kill, offensive taste, odor, color, and unchecked aquatic weeds. Consequences of such human activities and discharge of sewage water makes the existence of the lakes more vulnerable. It is the prime necessary to take immediate remedial action to prevent all anthropogenic activities in the studied lakes or else the lakes will become biologically barren and will be lost forever. In the present study an attempt was made to know the physical, chemical, characteristic of lake water of selected lakes of Mysuru city. </em></p></div>
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Evers, D. C., A. K. Sauer, D. A. Burns, N. S. Fisher, D. C. Bertok, E. M. Adams, M. E. H. Burton, and C. T. Driscoll. "A synthesis of patterns of environmental mercury inputs, exposure and effects in New York State." Ecotoxicology 29, no. 10 (November 10, 2020): 1565–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10646-020-02291-4.
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AbstractMercury (Hg) pollution is an environmental problem that adversely affects human and ecosystem health at local, regional, and global scales—including within New York State. More than two-thirds of the Hg currently released to the environment originates, either directly or indirectly, from human activities. Since the early 1800s, global atmospheric Hg concentrations have increased by three- to eight-fold over natural levels. In the U.S., atmospheric emissions and point-source releases to waterways increased following industrialization into the mid-1980s. Since then, water discharges have largely been curtailed. As a result, Hg emissions, atmospheric concentrations, and deposition over the past few decades have declined across the eastern U.S. Despite these decreases, Hg pollution persists. To inform policy efforts and to advance public understanding, the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) sponsored a scientific synthesis of information on Hg in New York State. This effort includes 23 papers focused on Hg in atmospheric deposition, water, fish, and wildlife published in Ecotoxicology. New York State experiences Hg contamination largely due to atmospheric deposition. Some landscapes are inherently sensitive to Hg inputs driven by the transport of inorganic Hg to zones of methylation, the conversion of inorganic Hg to methylmercury, and the bioaccumulation and biomagnification along food webs. Mercury concentrations exceed human and ecological risk thresholds in many areas of New York State, particularly the Adirondacks, Catskills, and parts of Long Island. Mercury concentrations in some biota have declined in the Eastern Great Lakes Lowlands and the Northeastern Highlands over the last four decades, concurrent with decreases in water releases and air emissions from regional and U.S. sources. However, widespread changes have not occurred in other ecoregions of New York State. While the timing and magnitude of the response of Hg levels in biota varies, policies expected to further diminish Hg emissions should continue to decrease Hg concentrations in food webs, yielding benefits to the fish, wildlife, and people of New York State. Anticipated improvements in the Hg status of aquatic ecosystems are likely to be greatest for inland surface waters and should be roughly proportional to declines in atmospheric Hg deposition. Efforts that advance recovery from Hg pollution in recent years have yielded significant progress, but Hg remains a pollutant of concern. Indeed, due to this extensive compilation of Hg observations in biota, it appears that the extent and intensity of the contamination on the New York landscape and waterscape is greater than previously recognized. Understanding the extent of Hg contamination and recovery following decreases in atmospheric Hg deposition will require further study, underscoring the need to continue existing monitoring efforts.
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Kunzmann, Andreas, Zainal Arifin, and Gunilla Baum. "POLLUTION OF COASTAL AREAS OF JAKARTA BAY: WATER QUALITY AND BIOLOGICAL RESPONSES." Marine Research in Indonesia 43, no. 1 (June 30, 2018): 37–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/mri.v43i1.299.
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Coastal development, growing urbanization and industrialization are the most important stressors of coral reefs worldwide. Jakarta is one of the largest megacities worldwide. The coral reefs of the Thousand Islands north of Jakarta have degraded dramatically over the last 30-40 years. While large-scale gradients (i.e., regional drivers) have been extensively studied and shown shifts and declines in coral cover and composition, local drivers and their impact on spatial community composition have been neglected. The aim of our study is to investigate the spatial impact of anthropogenic stressors on local and regional scales on coral reefs north of Jakarta. Our results demonstrate that reefs in the north of the Thousand Islands are separated from the reefs in Jakarta Bay (JB), where a direct impact of Jakarta can be seen. Local anthropogenic effects rather than regional gradients have shaped a spatial patchwork of differentially degraded reefs along the nearshore islands. The main anthropogenic stressor is pollution and sedimentation rate, NO2, PO4 and chlorophyll-a explain over 80% of the variation. Surfactants and diesel-borne compounds from sewage and bilge water discharges are common pollutants. Responses to combinations of selected pollutant with elevated temperature (+3°C) were determined in the metabolic performance of the coral reef fish Siganus guttatus. During combined exposure, metabolic depression was observed. Effects of pollutants were not amplified by elevated temperature. In a study about two dominant soft coral genera, Sarcophyton spp. and Nephthea spp., on dissolved inorganic nutrients (DIN), turbidity (NTU), and sedimentation combined with measurements of photosynthetic yield and respiratory electron system (ETS) activity water quality seems to control the relative abundance and physiology of dominant soft corals in JB. In order to reverse or prevent phase shifts from hard to soft corals, there is a need to manage the water quality better. It is concluded that the intense anthropogenic pressure from local as well as regional sources is responsible for the spatial structure and health of reefs. Therefore, improved spatial management with a focus on both local and regional stressors is needed for effective marine conservation.
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Konstantinova, O. V. "Russia Trade with Africa: The Current State of Affairs." Outlines of global transformations: politics, economics, law 14, no. 3 (July 3, 2021): 227–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.23932/2542-0240-2021-14-3-13.
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Russia is strengthening its geopolitical influence. An example of this is the holding of the first Russia-Africa summit and economic forum in Sochi in October 2019. This event showed how important Africa is for Russia and how important Russia is for Africa. It was an epoch-making event that demonstrated to the world the degree of Russian-African mutual interest.With what has Russia approached this event and how will economic cooperation develop? This work is devoted to this. The article deals with the issues of mutual trade between Russia and African countries. The main African trade agents of the Russian Federation in recent years have been identified. The state of trade between Russia and African countries has been analyzed, according to which the indicators have grown significantly due to the increase in the volume of Russian exports to African countries. This, especially in the context of solving the import substitution program and developing new markets, is extremely promising, since the African market is large and Russian goods are competitive on it, which opens up new opportunities for increasing trade and cooperation.The main export and import positions have been determined. According to the study, it is necessary to revise export positions on the part of Russia, in particular, the transition from the fuel and energy direction to industrial goods, the provision of services and new technologies. Diversification of African exports is also necessary, by increasing the added value of goods, a transition to the industrialization of production and the use of high technologies.In this regard, the most promising seems to be the strengthening of cooperation between Russia and Africa in the direction of increasing the volume of trade, promoting Russian education, high technologies, services, medicine, increasing investment in the fuel and energy complex of African countries, cooperation in agriculture, fish farming, construction, water purification and other mutually beneficial directions. This will strengthen the positions of Russia and Africa as leading players in the world arena and will serve to strengthen the polycentric world order.
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Aljamaan, Khalid, Talal Khalid Aljumah, Saleh Aloraibi, Muhammad Absar, Giuseppe Saglio, and Zafar Iqbal. "Low Representation of ETV6-RUNX1 Fusion Oncogene in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patients from Saudi Arabia and Strong Association with Clinical Response to Day-14 of Remission Induction Therapy." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 4987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.4987.4987.
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Abstract Abstract : Introduction: t(12; 21) leading to ETV6-RUNX1 fusion oncogene is associated with better prognosis and excellent treatment outcome in pediatric ALL (pALL) patients have good prognosis as compared to other genetic abnormalities1. Accordingly, frequency of ETV6-RUNX1 has a huge implication in treatment strategies of pALL in a given population. Different ethnic groups from various geographical regions have different frequencies of ETV6-RUNX1 ranging from 10% (Southeast Asia) to 33% (Australia) 2,3. Therefore, aim of this study was to determine ETV6-RUNX1 status of Saudi Arabian pALL patients and its association with clinical parameters and early remission. Patients & Methods: Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (pALL) patients at King Abdulaziz Medical City represent pure Saudi Arabian population. Clinical parameters and ETV6-RUNX1 status (using FISH technique) of pALL patients attending Pediatric Oncology Clinic, King Abdulaziz Medical City Riyadh from 2006 to 2011 were studied using Vysis ETV6/RUNX1 DF FISH Probe Kit (Abbot Laboratories, Illinois, USA)4. CCG1991 protocol was used for standard risk patients while CCG1961 protocol was used for high risk patients. Number of blasts at day 14 and day 29 of the treatment were also calculated as a part of routine clinical follow-up.Comparison between ETV6-RUNX1 positive and negative groups done using chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. All Statistical analysis was performed using SAS version 9.2 (SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC). Results: Out of 54 patients, 33 were male and 21 were females (ration1.57:1). B- and T-cell lineage was found in 47 (87%) and 7 (13%) patients respectively. Only 5 (9.3%) patients with ETV6-RUNX1 positive while 49(80.7%) were ETV6-RUNX1 negative. All ETV6-RUNX1 patients (100%) were of B-cell lineage and 80% (4/5) were in 3-7 year age group. None of ETV6-RUNX11 patients had ≥5% blasts (no remission) at Day 14 as compared to 9% patients from ETV6-RUNX1 negative group (Table 1). Discussion: Frequency of ETV6-RUNX1 positive patients (less than 10%) in our pALL patients is much lower than reported in most of the European countries, North America, Australia and Japan while it is in accordance with ETV6-RUNX1 frequencies from Egypt (11.6%), Pakistan (10%), and India (5-7%) 2,3,5,6. This diversity in frequencies of ETV6-RUNX1 among pALL can be attributed to level of industrialization and/or westernized lifestyle. Moreover, ethnic differences in frequencies of this and other prognostically important genetic abnormalities can have a significant bearing on global pediatric ALL management strategies7 which necessitates further large scale studies in this regard. References: 1. Cooper SL, Brown PA. Treatment of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2015 Feb;62(1):61-73. 2. Iqbal Z. Molecular genetic studies on 167 pediatric ALL patients from different areas of Pakistan confirm a low frequency of the favorable prognosis fusion oncogene TEL-AML1 (t 12; 21) in underdeveloped countries of the region. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2014;15(8):3541-6. 3. Amor DJ, Algar EM, Slater HR, Smith PJ. High frequency of t(12;21) in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia detected by RT-PCR. Pathology. 1998 Nov;30(4):381-5. 4. Vysis ETV6/RUNX1 DF FISH Probe Kit. https://www.abbottmolecular.com/vysis-etv6runx1-df-fish-probe-kit.html 5. Harbott J, Viehmann S, Borkhardt A, Henze G, Lampert F. Incidence of TEL/AML1 fusion gene analyzed consecutively in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in relapse. Blood. 1997 Dec 15;90(12):4933-7. 6. Shurtleff SA, Buijs A, Behm FG, Rubnitz JE, Raimondi SC, Hancock ML, Chan GC, Pui CH, Grosveld G, Downing JR. TEL/AML1 fusion resulting from a cryptic t(12;21)is the most common genetic lesion in pediatric ALL and defines a subgroup of patients with an excellent prognosis. Leukemia. 1995 Dec;9(12):1985-9. 7. Weso³owska-Andersen A, Borst L, Dalgaard MD, Yadav R, Rasmussen KK, Wehner PS,et al. Genomic profiling of thousands of candidate polymorphisms predicts risk of relapse in 778 Danish and German childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients. Leukemia. 2015 Feb;29(2):297-303. Disclosures Saglio: Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria; BMS: Consultancy.
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Sutardjo, Sharif Cicip. "KEBIJAKAN PEMBANGUNAN KELAUTAN DAN PERIKANAN KE DEPAN DEVELOPMEN POLICY OF MARINE AND FISHERIES." Jurnal Kebijakan Perikanan Indonesia 6, no. 1 (May 1, 2014): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jkpi.6.1.2014.37-42.
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<p>Konsep negara kepulauan sangat besar manfaatnya bagi Indonesia, karena dapat menjadikan laut sebagai penyatu pulau-pulau serta memperluas wilayah perairan kita. Sumber daya kelautan Indonesia merupakan wilayah Marine Mega-Biodiversity terbesar di dunia, dengan potensi sumber daya ikan tangkap laut sebesar 6,5 juta ton per tahun, potensi perikanan budidaya payau mencapai 2,96 juta hektar dan potensi budidaya laut yang mencapai luasan 12,55 juta hektar. Selain itu laut Indonesia memiliki potensi migas dan wisata yang besar. Hasil pembangunan kelautan dan perikanan telah dapat meningkatkan PDB perikanan menjadi 6,48 % dengan nilai nominal sebesar Rp 57,69 triliun dan meningkatkan ekspor dengan surplus sebesar US$ 3,52 milyar. Selain itu juga dapat meningkatkan produksi perikanan, tingkat konsumsi ikan, produk olahan dan surplus produksi garam. Luas kawasan konservasi juga meningkat tajam, begitu juga pengelolaan pulaupulau kecil dan pengawasan. Keberhasilan pembangunan perikanan tersebut tercapai berkat program industrialisasi perikanan dengan pendekatan ekonomi biru. Kebijakan pembangunan ke depan adalah kebijakan pembangunan yang berkelanjutan (sustainable development) dengan mempertimbangkan konsep negara kepulauan dan potensi kelautan yang besar.</p><p> </p><p>Concept of archipelagic country gives a big benefit for Indonesia, since the concept introduces the sea as unifying islands and widensour territorial waters. Indonesian marine resources are the largest marine mega-biodiversityin the world, in which the potencies for capture fisheries resources, brackishwater aquaculture area, and marine culture area are 6.5 millions/year,2.96 million ha and 12.55 million ha respectively. Meanwhile, the sea has also huge potency for oil and gas as well as tourism. Marine and fisheries development has increased GDP of fisheries into 6.48% which is approximately valued Rp 57.69 trilliun and increased export surplus of US$ 3.52 billion. The development has also increased fisheries production, fish consumption level, processed product volume, and salt production. Conservation area, small islands management and surveillance increased sharply. Those fisheries development success was reached due to fishery industrialization programs through blue economic approach. The next development policy is a sustainable development by considering the concept of Island Nations and large maritim potency.</p>
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Luhur, Estu Sri, and Risna Yusuf. "ANALISIS RANTAI NILAI IKAN CAKALANG DI KOTA AMBON, MALUKU." Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan dan Perikanan 12, no. 1 (December 8, 2017): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jsekp.v12i1.6303.
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Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji rantai nilai komoditas ikan cakalang sehingga diperolehbesaran nilai tambah dan tingkat efisiensi pada setiap simpul rantai pasok. Data yang digunakan adalahdata primer dan sekunder dari instansi terkait dan pelaku usaha. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancarakepada responden dengan teknik purposive dan snowball sampling. Data selanjutnya dianalisis dengananalisis nilai tambah, rantai pasok dan rantai nilai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemasaranikan cakalang memiliki tiga saluran distribusi yaitu: (1) dari nelayan ke pedagang pengumpul danke pedagang pengecer; (2) dari nelayan ke pedagang pengumpul kemudian ke pengolah ikan asar,dan; (3) dari nelayan ke UPI/cold storage. Analisis rantai pasok menunjukkan bahwa ikan cakalangsebagian besar (50%) didistribusikan ke UPI/cold storage dan sisanya dengan porsi yang sama (25%)didistribusikan ke pedagang pengecer dan pengolah ikan asar. Analisis rantai nilai menunjukkan bahwanilai tambah terbesar dihasilkan pada saluran pemasaran kedua, yaitu sebesar Rp.23.062/kg. Simpulrantai pasok nelayan cenderung tidak efisien pada ketiga saluran pemasaran. Rekomendasi kebijakanyang diusulkan: (1) koordinasi dengan Bappeda dan Dinas Perindustrian dan Perdagangan sebagaiupaya pengembangan industrialisasi ikan cakalang; (2) melakukan introduksi dan penyebaran teknologipengolahan ikan cakalang dari Balitbang KP dan perguruan tinggi setempat untuk meningkatkan nilaitambah produk, dan; (3) memperluas akses pasar dengan mengefisienkan sistem distribusi, baik melaluijalur laut maupun udara.Title: Value Chain Analysis of Skipjack Tuna in Ambon, MalukuThe purpose of this research was to analyze value chain of skipjack to get a quantity valueand a level of efficiency on each node supply chain. Research was conducted by using the primaryand secondary data from various relevant agencies and businessmen. Data collection was conductedthrough interview to respondent with using purposive and snowball sampling technique. Data wereanalyzed with value-added, supply chain and value chain analysis. The result showed that there werethree distribution channels of skipjack: (1) fisher’s to broker and to retailers; (2) fisher’s to broker and tofish processors, and; (3) fisher’s to cold storage. Supply chain analysis showed that mostly of skipjack(50%) distributed to cold storage and the rest distributed to retailers (25%) and fish processors (25%).Value chain analysis showed in the second marketing channel has the the largest value added, that isas 23.062 IDR per kilograms. On the third marketing channel, fisherman tend has an ineffiencent supplychain. Therefore,there are some recommendations are: (1) doing coordination among Bappeda,industryand trade office as an effort of developing skipjack industrialization; (2) doing introduction and spread ofprocessing technology of agency’s research and development of marine affairs and fisheries and localuniversity to increase value added products, and; (3) expanding market access both of air and sea routesfor having efficient distribution system.
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Abolghasemi, Rezvan, Peyman Rajaei, and Neda Mohamadi. "Effect of Excess nickel On the Growth and Germination of Echium Amoenum (Fisch & CA Mey)." International Journal of Life Sciences 9, no. 2 (February 10, 2015): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i2.12060.
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Increasing environmental pollutant, especially heavy metals, is due to the industrialization of human societies. Nickel as one of the essential micronutrients in plants is necessary for normal plant growth and development but in high concentrations- As a heavy metal- exhibits toxicity. In this study the effect of different concentrations of Ni (0, 100, 300µM) was studied on germination, growth and some biochemical parameters of echium amouneum under controlled conditions. Based on these results, Ni had no significant effect on germination. In general, there was a decrease in growth parameters such as fresh and dry weights of aerial parts and roots, relative growth rate (RGR).DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijls.v9i2.12060 International Journal of Life Sciences 9 (2) : 2015; 33-38
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Khawaja, Abu Bakar, and Hasnain Amjad Abbasi. "مالی معاملات میں قبضہ کی جدید صورتیں اور ان کے شرعی احکام." Al-Duhaa 1, no. 02 (February 25, 2021): 171–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.51665/al-duhaa.001.02.0046.
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The concept of “possession” is regarded as a fundamental principle in Islamic Law of Contract and it is discussed by jurists and Islamic scholars in their writings of fiqh in a very detailed manner. However, the way trade and business are operating in today’s modern world is very different from what was happening in the past. The globalization and industrialization has transformed the modes of trade & business and innovative forms are introduced which could not be imagined previously. This modernism and innovation has led to contemporary scholars to research and discuss these modern forms from Shariah viewpoint as they are not found explicity in old fiqh literature. The objective of this article is to discuss the concept of possessin and its modern forms taking into consideration the originat resources and the scattered literature of contemporary jurists. In this regard, the paper has shed light on basic concepts of possession and its forms as well as the modern applications which are prevalent in the financial industry. It is found that the definition of “possession” is not defined in strict parameters by scholars but rather it has left to the “urf” and customary practices of people. Likewise, the paper concludes that the physical possession in not necessary but contructive possession is also considered legal and sufficient in Islamic law of Contract. Therefore, the modern forms of possession such bank draft, personal check, transfer in the account of creditor, payment with credit-card and bill of lading are also acceptable as they are considered as constructive possession.
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Cox, Lyndsey. "13. The Bioaccumulation of Elements through the Food Web in Lake Albert, Uganda." Inquiry@Queen's Undergraduate Research Conference Proceedings, November 29, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/iqurcp.7887.
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The importance of heavy metal assessments in African lakes is increasing due to human population growth and industrialization. Trace metal concentrations in freshwater fish from Sub-Saharan lakes have largely been found to be below the World Health Organizations permissible levels for human consumption. Lake Albert, Uganda, has seen substantial increases in human population and industry over the last 50 years, yet little is known about the bioaccumulation of potentially harmful elements through the food web. Recent work using stable nitrogen ( 15N) isotopes found mercury in Lake Albert fish to be biomagnifying to concentrations among the highest in Africa. Some fish exceeded 1000 ng/g ww, while the World Health Organizations recommended limit for mercury consumption is 200 ng/g ww. This study supplements the previous Lake Albert mercury work by examining Al, As, Cd, Cs, Co, Cr, Cu, Mg, Ni, Mn, Fe, Rb and Zn concentrations in various Lake Albert fish species using Inductively Coupled Mass Spectrometry. Biomagnification will be assessed by combining the metal analysis findings with fish trophic levels (estimated using 15N). The results of this study increase understanding of the bioaccumulation trends of many metals that have not yet been extensively studied in freshwater fish. Such information is critical to the development of effective aquatic management strategies and consumption guidelines for the Lake Albert area.
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YADAV, V. K., SONAM SHARMA, A. K. SRIVASTAVA, and P. K. KHARE. "STUDY OF POND STATUS IN INDIA : A REVIEW." FLORA AND FAUNA 23, no. 1 (June 1, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.33451/florafauna.v23i1pp99-104.
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Ponds are an important fresh water critical ecosystem for plants and animals providing goods and services including food, fodder, fish, irrigation, hydrological cycle, shelter, medicine, culture, aesthetic and recreation. Ponds cover less than 2 percent of worlds land surface. Ponds are important source of fresh water for human use. These are threatened by urbanization, industrialization, over exploitation, fragmentation, habitat destruction, pollution, illegal capturing of land and climate changes. These above factors have been destroying ponds very rapidly putting them in danger of extinction of a great number of local biodiversity. It is necessary to formulate a correct conservation strategy for pond restoration in order to meet the growing needs of fresh water by increasing the human population. Some measures have been compiled and proposed in the present review.
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Cuenca, Ginalyn C., Edison D. Macusi, Neil Angelo S. Abreo, Cyril Tom Ranara, Michael B. Andam, Lemuel C. Cardona, and Grace G. Conserva. "Mangrove Ecosystems and Associated Fauna with Special Reference to Mangrove Crabs in the Philippines: A Review." IAMURE International Journal of Ecology and Conservation 15, no. 1 (July 17, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.7718/ijec.v15i1.998.
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Mangrove ecosystems are very important because of its many ecological and economic functions. It provides food, shelter, and protection to a myriad of organisms and maintains connectivity with other coastal ecosystems. It holds diverse forms of both floral and faunal associations, which are used by humans for different purposes. This review discusses the physiognomy, ethnobiology, composition of mangrove ecosystems with emphasis on associated fauna and mangrove crabs, fish production, and the human threats that can alter the stability of mangrove ecosystems. Different journal articles, books, manuals, and other online sources from both local and international sources were used to discuss the review. Mangrove ecosystems were found to be occurring in tropical and subtropical areas and are distributed horizontally in estuarine and vertically in intertidal zones due to a number of environmental and biotic factors. The ecosystem is composed of diverse associations of communities of both floral and faunal groups. Many of these associated fauna are benthic macroinvertebrates and fishes, a number of which are sourced as fish products. Fisheries are the topmost economic use of mangrove ecosystems. Fish products harvested include mud crabs, shrimps, mollusks, and fishes. The continued growth of human population and the industrialization of fishing exceeded our sustainable use of waters leading to the declining fish landings. Such event gave rise to aquaculture, which has become the main cause of diminishing mangrove ecosystems. Other human threats to mangrove ecosystems include mining, overexploitation for economic services, and urban development. Along with mangrove decline is the ecosystem’s susceptibility to climate change particularly on the rising sea level. This indicates a higher risk to flooding, tsunamis, cyclones, and storm surges. Hence, protection, conservation, rehabilitation and restoration of mangrove ecosystems, and its sustainable use are essential. Eco-friendly aquaculture must also be implemented. Keywords - Mangrove, fauna, flora, mud crab, aquaculture, fisheries, literature review, Philippines
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Ningwuri, Astrid Aditika. "DUA BUDAYA: PERTANIAN DAN INDUSTRI Studi Kasus dalam Masyarakat Pesisir Dukuh Tapak, Kelurahan Tugurejo, Kecamatan Tugu, Kota Semarang." Sabda : Jurnal Kajian Kebudayaan 10, no. 2 (February 3, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/sabda.v10i2.13290.
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This study examines two cultural forms of livelihood in coastal communities Dukuh Tapak, Kelurahan Tugurejo, Semarang. This research purpose is to identify the conditions of each individual and family livelihood, a reason to the dualism of livelihood, and the influence of industry on the social and economic life. This research use a qualitative method, collecting primary data through in-depth interviews and observation, secondary data obtained from study of literature and documents. The results showed that Dukuh Tapak's people have a livelihood as factory employees while managing the fish farm as a sideline. Most people who work in factories are women and youth as a bid to shore up their family economy. Industrialization did not significantly affect the socio-economic conditions, in which a sense of kinship and mutual help are still well preserved. While in terms of economic, a family with two types of livelihood tend to be more established than a family with only working either in the industry or the agricultural sector.
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Longo, Stefano B. "Global Sushi: The Political Economy of the Mediterranian Bluefin Tuna Fishery in the Modern Era." Journal of World-Systems Research, August 26, 2011, 403–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jwsr.2011.422.
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The bluefin tuna fishery in the Mediterranean has a long history of human interaction. In recent times, this fishery has become the central source of bluefin tuna for core nations, particularly Japan. This process was set off in large part by the growth of global fish markets, driven by the valuable sushi and sashimi market, and overfishing of other bluefin stocks in other parts of the world. The transformation of this fishery from an artisanal trap fishery to a globalized industrial fishery has had a number of social and environmental consequences. Based on in-depth fieldwork and historical research, this paper examines the political economy of the bluefin tuna fishery in the Mediterranean, with a focus on Sicily. It provides a descriptive history of the changing conditions in this fishery, paying special attention to the modern fishery. This research contributes to the discussions regarding the globalization and industrialization of agri-foodsystems and environmental degradation.
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Gorbachuk, Vasyl, Maksym Dunaievskyi, and Denys Symonov. "QUARTERLY ESTIMATION OF ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY AND TARGET EXPORT STRUCTURE FOR LUHANSHCHYNA." Eastern Europe: economy, business and management, no. 3(30) (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/easterneurope.30-17.
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According to the data of 2017–2018, when capital investments of the Ukraineʼs districts were made public, two clusters were identified – production leaders of Luhansk region. According to the economic efficiency of industry and services (comparable agricultural data were not measured by the State Statistics Service), the stable leaders of Luhansk region are adjacent city of Rubizhne, Kreminsky and Novoaydarky districts, as well as adjacent Starobilsky, Belovodsky, Popasnyansky districts, where in the second and third quarters of 2018 indicators have improved. One of the clusters includes all higher education institutions of Luhansk region, except for institutions of Severodonestk and Lysyschansk, where wages are higher than the average in the regionʼs districts. Another cluster is a border cluster based on Novopskovsky district, as well as adjacent border districts – Markivsky and Milovsky, where in the abovementioned second and third quarters of 2018 indicators have deteriorated. It should be noted that the quarterly industry data for Novopskovsky and Milovsky districts were generated based on their quarterly population data and the quarterly industry aggregate data; the quarterly capital investments data for Milovsky district were generated in a similar way. After generation of the computing data for all the fifteen districts available, estimates of the Cobb–Douglas function parameters and regression residuals for the six quarters of 2017–2018 were found. For the contemporary Luhansk region, the labor production factor is much more important than the capital production factor, which emphasizes the role of human capital and related intangible assets. The results obtained lead to assumption that economic efficiency in the large cities of Luhanshchyna in general is lower than in the clusters identified. It means that Luhansk region needs new industrialization based on modern information and communication technologies, intangible assets, and human capital. Such industrialization and digitalization needs a comprehensive international cooperation. The export conclusions for Luhansk region as of 2017 do not differ from the conclusion as of 2011: it is promising to start exporting by product groups of footwear, leather goods, essential oils, meat, fish, watercraft.
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Shrivastava, P. K., Dileswar Nayak, D. P. Patel, S. V. Viyol, and H. S. Thakare. "Integrated Rainwater Resource Management (iRaM) Model for Coastal South Gujarat." Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, June 27, 2020, 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2020/v39i1730747.
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The South Gujarat region has ample water availability, but, water shortage is being experienced during summer and water logging during monsoon. Also, due to large scale industrialization of south Gujarat, problems of air and water pollution have arisen which have become more complex because of over exploitation of natural resources ‘ground water’. In many areas, due to continuous pumping of sweet water, sea water ingress has taken place and bores have become defunct as the water quality deteriorated drastically, due to which many cultivable farm lands have become uncultivable and are lying as wasteland. The water quality had deteriorated to such an extent that neither it could be used for drinking purposes nor for irrigation of crops. High intensity rains occur during the monsoon allowing very little opportune time for the water to infiltrate into the aquifers. All the rainwater during monsoon directly goes as runoff ultimately reaching the sea. Also, where ponds exist, catchment areas are disappearing due to construction work and ponds no longer receive rain water. So, an attempt was made to conserve the “rain water” natural resource while evaluating the potential of raising fish in small pond through harvested rain water. The water balance study was carried out in which meteorological and hydrological parameters like rainfall, evaporation, infiltration and runoff were measured and then using the water balance equation, the recharge amount was calculated and it was compared with the estimated recharge. It was concluded from the study that the rain water harvesting in small or big ponds not only replenishes aquifers but also checks deteriorating water quality in addition to providing sweet water fish harvest for economic gain
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Carbajal-Becerra, Omar, Karla Judith Olvera-Rodríguez, Gabriel Mariscal de Souza, Omar Yair Durán-Rodríguez, Arely Ramírez-García, and Juan Pablo Ramírez-Herrejón. "Trophic strategies of the invasive Twospot livebearer (Pseudoxiphophorus bimaculatus, Teleostei: Poeciliidae) in a gradient of environmental quality in central Mexico." Neotropical Ichthyology 18, no. 2 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2019-0080.
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ABSTRACT Pseudoxiphophorus bimaculatus is an invasive species widely spread throughout freshwater ecosystems in central Mexico, for that reason we described its trophic strategy into a gradient of environmental quality. We sampled individuals of P. bimaculatus at eight sites located in the Lerma-Chapala and Pánuco River Basins during dry season. These basins have been impacted by industrialization and urbanization processes, but are considered as water reserves in México. To evaluate the environmental quality of the river, we applied the Visual-based Habitat Assessment, the Index of Biological Integrity and the Family-level Biotic Index. We assessed the trophic guild, the diet width, the omnivory level, and the diet selectivity. We also explored the relation of trophic strategies with the habitat condition. We captured a total of 202 individuals of P. bimaculatus from 10 to 67 mm of SL, finding a total of 24 food items. The diet of P. bimaculatus was composed of terrestrial, aquatic insects and bony fish. Pseudoxiphophorus bimaculatus in some sites can feed on different trophic levels, in other it is a specialist and secondary consumer. We found that P. bimaculatus changes its diet according the alterations in the habitat structure, water quality, and biotic integrity. Moreover, this invasive species can endure changes in the trophic web and food availability.
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Paradis, Sarah, Pere Puig, Pere Masqué, Xènia Juan-Díaz, Jacobo Martín, and Albert Palanques. "Bottom-trawling along submarine canyons impacts deep sedimentary regimes." Scientific Reports 7, no. 1 (February 24, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep43332.
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Abstract Many studies highlight that fish trawling activities cause seafloor erosion, but the assessment of the remobilization of surface sediments and its relocation is still not well documented. These impacts were examined along the flanks and axes of three headless submarine canyons incised on the Barcelona continental margin, where trawling fleets have been operating for decades. Trawled grounds along canyon flanks presented eroded and highly reworked surface sediments resulting from the passage of heavy trawling gear. Sedimentation rates on the upper canyon axes tripled and quadrupled its natural (i.e. pre-industrialization) values after a substantial increase in total horsepower of the operating trawling fleets between 1960 s and 1970 s. These impacts affected the upper canyon reaches next to fishing grounds, where sediment resuspended by trawling can be transported towards the canyon axes. This study highlights that bottom trawling has the capacity to alter natural sedimentary environments by promoting sediment-starved canyon flanks, and by enhancing sedimentation rates along the contiguous axes, independently of canyons’ morphology. Considering the global mechanisation and offshore expansion of bottom trawling fisheries since the mid-20th century, these sedimentary alterations may occur in many trawled canyons worldwide, with further ecological impacts on the trophic status of these non-resilient benthic communities.
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Jeon, Chihyung, and Yeonsil Kang. "Restoring and Re-Restoring the Cheonggyecheon: Nature, Technology, and History in Seoul, South Korea." Environmental History, August 23, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/envhis/emz032.
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Abstract The Cheonggyecheon Restoration Project (2003–5) was an ambitious urban initiative to restore a 5.8-kilometer stream in central Seoul by demolishing elevated highways and peeling back the decades-old concrete pavement. A massive civil engineering project in itself, the restoration work caused heated debates on whether it brought back “an environmentally friendly civic jewel” or resulted in a humongous “fish tank” with an artificial water supply and meticulously engineered vista. This article examines the design, implementation, and critique of the restoration project by taking an envirotechnical position that restoration is fundamentally about negotiating nature, technology, and history. First, the designers and engineers struggled to determine how much nature and how much technology should constitute the new Cheonggyecheon so that it could recover its original state. Second, planners and officials deliberated which parts of the city’s past the restoration should reference and display. It turned out that a distant, dynastic era was brought back while a recent, contested history of rushed industrialization was pushed away, both physically and symbolically. Even as the critics of the restoration project pushed for a new “re-restoration” project, the central dilemma of finding the right reference for restoration remained unresolved. The Cheonggyecheon project shows that restoration is a never-ending effort that mobilizes what is available at the moment in the repository of nature, technology, and history.
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Majumder, Ahmad Kamruzzaman, Abdullah Al Nayeem, Mahmuda Islam, Mohammed Mahadi Akter, and William S. Carter. "Critical Review of Lead Pollution in Bangladesh." Journal of Health and Pollution 11, no. 31 (August 19, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.5696/2156-9614-11.31.210902.
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Background. Lead (Pb) poses a severe threat to human health and the environment. Worldwide Pb production and consumption have significantly increased along with unplanned industrialization and urbanization, lead smelting, and lead-acid battery processing. The improper management of Pb-containing elements is responsible for Pb pollution. Lead's persistence in nature and bioaccumulation in the food chain can lead to adverse health impacts. Objectives. The present study aims to describe Pb contaminated sites in Bangladesh and Pb concentration in the atmosphere, water, sediments, soil, vegetables, fish, and other foods in Bangladesh. Methods. The present study searched a total of 128 peer-reviewed articles based on a predefined set of criteria (keywords, peer-reviewed journals, and indexing in Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, Springer, PubMed, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), and Bangladesh Journals Online (BanglaJOL) and exclusion criteria (predatory journal and absence of full text in English) and finally selected 63 articles (58 research articles and five (5) reports). The relevant findings on Pb exposure, sources, routes, diet, and impacts in Bangladesh were combined and presented. Results. The reviewed studies identified 175 Pb contaminated sites through soil sample assessment in Bangladesh. The study determined Pb concentrations in air (0.09–376.58 μg/m3, mean 21.31 μg/m3), river water (0.0009–18.7 mg/l, mean 1.07 mg/l), river sediments (4.9–69.75 mg/kg, mean 32.08 mg/kg), fish (0.018–30.8 mg/kg, mean 5.01 mg/kg), soil (7.3–445 mg/kg, mean 90.34 mg/kg), vegetables (0.2–22.09 mg/kg, mean 4.33 mg/kg) and diet items (0.001–413.9 mg/kg, mean 43.22 mg/kg) of which 38.8%, 27.8%, 54.5%, 68.8%, 9.7% and 100% of samples, respectively, exceeded related World Health Organization (WHO), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and Bangladesh Standard Testing Institution (BSTI) guidelines. The present study found that industrial soils are severely polluted with Pb (7.3–445 mg/kg) in Bangladesh. A high Pb concentration has been found in fish muscle and foods, including leafy and non-leafy vegetables collected from different places in Bangladesh. Conclusions. Lead-contaminated foods can enter the human body through dietary intake and consequently lead to long-term adverse health effects. This study may help policymakers to formulate national policies with effective mitigation plans to combat the adverse health impacts of Pb in Bangladesh. Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests.
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J. Buncag, Mark Joseph, Angelica Canizares, and Johair Hadji Salic. "Reed Bed System for the Improvement of Laguna Lake Waters." International Journal of Science and Management Studies (IJSMS), June 30, 2020, 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.51386/25815946/ijsms-v3i3p111.
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Laguna lake is the biggest lake and considered one of the most important inland bodies of water in the Philippines due to its many uses. However, the lake has faced growing pressures (i.e., population expansion, urbanization, industrialization, deforestation, and land conversion) on its ecosystems over the past decades. These activities have led to the degradation of the lake’s water quality and ecosystem.The Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) provided a water quality standard for freshwater in determining trends and in the evaluation of stages of deterioration or enhancement in quality of water which include 1) Class AA (Public Water Supply Class I); 2) Class A (Public Water Supply Class II); 3) Class B (Recreational Water Class I); Class C (Propagation and growth of fish class); and Class D (Navigable Waters). The classification of Laguna Lake falls under Class C, which means it is suitable for fishery. With this, intervention for the improvement of the water in Laguna Lake is highly needed. This study aims to design and assess the effectiveness of the reed bed system for the improvement of Laguna Lake. Results show that using reed bed water treatment; the total coliform will meet the standards of DENR after three years of treatment, which can be used as a source of water for irrigation, recreational area, and propagation of fishes. The concentration of ammonia will meet the standards of DENR after two and a half years by using reed bed water treatment, and inorganic phosphate will meet the standards of DENR after three years by using reed bed water treatment.
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"Effective Role of Bimstec in the Governance of the Bay of Bengal." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 8, no. 6S4 (July 26, 2019): 1295–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.f1265.0486s419.
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The Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and financial Cooperation (BIMSTEC) is a local affiliation in south Asia, regarding seven Member States together with India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Myanmar and Thailand. These States are within the littoral and close by territories of the Bay of Bengal setting up a coterminous neighborhood cohesion and framing a neighborhood monetary region. The prime Minister of India forced at the combination self-control to bestow crisp strength to BIMSTEC at some stage in its 20thanniversary in 2017. The district however was joined clearly with a rich social legacy yet submit decolonization got impregnated with wrongdoings like rebellion, mental oppression, opiates sneaking, dealing, illegal relocation which provoked the component states to preserve in thoughts inward and fringe safety troubles on want inner characterised wards. The territories of collaboration indoors BIMSTEC that may cover Bay management can also contain change, technology, delivery and communication, Tourism, Fisheries, and surroundings &weather trade. BIMSTEC pioneers stressed the importance of blue economic system and consented to participate on this phase for low in price development of the vicinity. They selected to build up an Inter-administrative expert organisation to accumulate an hobby plan on blue financial device, remembering the excellent wishes and situations of the landlocked Member States. The BIMSTEC pioneers referred to with fulfillment the facilitating of global Blue economy conference in Bangladesh in 2017 with the cooperation of government agents from BIMSTEC Member States. For India, it's far a characteristic diploma to meet the vital aspect worldwide approach wishes of "network First" and "Act East." The actual circulate outskirt troubles which are influencing the angling business corporation in the Bay amongst others encompass a declining sample in the preferred accessibility of fish; adjustments in species association of gets; the excessive quantity of half of of evolved fish inside the seize; and adjustments in marine biodiversity, mainly through lack of defenseless and jeopardized species. Angling covers national purviews, both legitimately and wrongfully. This has been a sticky problem amongst India and Bangladesh and a extremely increasingly more maximum crucial problem amongst India and Sri Lanka. The real skip fringe problems figuring out with residing regions relate to the misfortune and debasement of mangroves, coral reefs and the lack of, and damage to, ocean grasses. Environmental trade outcomes are shared through all BIMSTEC thing international locations. Exclusive problems of fear within the Bay monetary device relate to nourishment security goals of the seashore terrible, absence of seaside the front development plans, expanding exchange items from waterfront herbal environment, beach advancement and industrialization, ineffectual marine ensured regions and lack of implementation, upstream improvement that impacts waterstream, escalated upstream horticultural practices, and increasing especially appointed the journey enterprise. Infection of the Bay is an immoderate trouble. Aside from industrial business enterprise problems there are crimes that are continuing over the Bay. Consequently, it has was even more super for the BIMSTEC to draft a approach of legitimate collaboration some of the detail states for better management of the Bay with the purpose that a manageable Blue monetary gadget can create and construct the GDP of element states complex. The BIMSTEC wishes to growth its viability inside the route of a advanced administration of the Bay.
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Naa, Apia, Steelma V. Rantung, and Olvie V. Kotambunan. "KARAKTERISTIK BURUH WANITA DI TEMPAT PELELANGAN IKAN (TPI) DISTRIK KLALIGI KOTA SORONG PROVINSI PAPUA BARAT." AKULTURASI (Jurnal Ilmiah Agrobisnis Perikanan) 5, no. 10 (October 31, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.35800/akulturasi.5.10.2017.17825.
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AbstractWomen have the potential of a large workforce, willing and crave for work, and if the time comes to accelerate the transformation toward the industrialization of their services can be mobilized. According to (Leovandritos 2011) the role of women in the household indirectly as a form of support to family members who work actively in making a living. In addition to being a housewife, women can also play a role in helping to improve household income by participating in active work such as farming, trading and other things. The position of women in the household is multifunctional ie socially, economically and biologically, so the role of women in the family more than other family members.The purpose of this study is to find out the characteristics of female workers consisting of: Age, education, regional origin, number of family dependents, length of work, husband's job, other occupations in addition to being fish laborers, the number of working hours, wages of workers, workload, work motivation women laborers transporting fishery products. The method used in this research is survey method. The data taken are primary and secondary data. Data collection is done by sampling. Sampling is done by accidental sampling method. Data analysis used in this research is descriptive qualitative analysis and quantitative descriptive analysis.The age of female laborers is 51-60 years old (36.67%) with 11 people. Most female laborers carrying fish in Sorong City TPI have the highest educational background of SD, 13 people (43.4%). The highest number of laborers from West Papua is 17 people, it is because the location of TPI Kota Sorong is located in West Papua. The number of family dependents is 25 respondents who have the number of dependents 1-5 people (83.4%). In general the explanation of the working duration of respondents as 14 years of transport workers (76.7). Husband's work as fisherman 11 people (36.67%).It can be seen that those who do not have other work and only as a carrier at Sorong Fish Sailing Place, amounted to 21 people (70%). Time of working hours owned by female laborers carrier in TPI Sorong for one day, which is 10 hours. In the morning they work from 05:00 to 10:00 and continue in the afternoon at 15:00 to 20:00 night. Based on the results of the research that in one day as many as 23 respondents (76.7%), earn income Rp. 100.000-200.000 in one day.Working burden is one aspect that must be considered by every woman who work as laborer at Sorong Fish Auction Place and destination for woman work as labor is to increase income in the household. The results of the study are 23 female workers (76.67%) who claimed they work as women laborers because they want to increase family income and to maintain family economic stability.Keywords: Characteristics, Female Workers AbstrakPerempuan memiliki potensi angkatan kerja yang besar, yang bersedia dan mendambakan pekerjaan, dan jika tiba waktunya untuk mempercepat transformasi menuju industrialisasi jasa-jasa mereka dapat dikerahkan. Menurut (Leovandritos 2011) peranan wanita dalam rumah tangga secara tidak langsung sebagai bentuk dukungan kepada anggota keluarga yang bekerja aktif dalam mencari nafkah. Selain sebagai ibu rumah tangga, para wanita dapat pula berperan dalam membantu memperbaiki pendapatan rumah tangga dengan turut bekerja aktif seperti bertani, berdagang dan hal lainnya. Kedudukan wanita dalam rumah tangga merupakan multifungsi yaitu secara sosial, ekonomi dan biologis, sehingga peran wanita dalam keluarga lebih banyak dibandingkan anggota keluarga lainnya.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik buruh perempuan yang terdiri dari: Umur, pendidikan, asal daerah, jumlah tanggungan keluarga, lama bekerja, pekerjaan suami, pekerjaan lain selain menjadi buruh pengangkut ikan, jumlah jam kerja, upah pekerja, beban kerja, motivasi kerja buruh perempuan pengangkut hasil perikanan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei. Data yang diambil berupa data primer dan data sekunder. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara sampling. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode accidental sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Umur tenaga kerja buruh perempuan adalah 51-60 tahun (36,67%) dengan jumlah 11 orang. Sebagian besar buruh wanita pengangkut ikan di TPI Kota Sorong memiliki latar belakang pendidikan paling banyak SD yakni 13 orang (43;4%). Tenaga kerja yang paling banyak berasal dari Papua Barat yaitu 17 orang, itu dikarenakan lokasi TPI Kota Sorong berada di Papua Barat. Jumlah tanggungan keluarga yaitu 25 responden yang memiliki jumlah tanggungan 1-5 orang (83,4%). Secara umum penjelasan mengenai lama bekerja responden sebagai buruh angkut 14 tahun (76,7). Pekerjaan suami sebagai nelayan 11 orang (36,67%). Dapat di ketahui bahwa yang tidak memiliki pekerjaan lain dan hanya sebagai pengangkut di Tempat Pelelangan Ikan Kota Sorong, berjumlah 21 orang (70%). Waktu jam kerja yang dimiliki oleh para buruh wanita pengangkut di TPI Kota Sorong selama sehari, yaitu 10 jam. Pada pagi hari mereka bekerja mulai jam 05.00-10.00 dan di lanjutkan pada sore hari jam 15.00-20.00 malam. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa dalam satu harinya sebanyak 23 responden (76,7%), memperoleh pendapatan Rp. 100.000–200.000 dalam satu harinya. Beban kerja merupakan salah satu aspek yang harus diperhatikan oleh setiap perempuan yang bekerja sebagai buruh di Tempat Pelelangan Ikan Kota Sorong dan tujuan untuk perempuan bekerja sebagai buruh adalah untuk menambah pendapatan didalam rumah tangga. Hasil penelitian terdapat 23 buruh perempuan (76,67%) yang mengaku mereka bekerja sebagai buruh perempuan karena ingin menambah pendapatan keluarga dan untuk menjaga kestabilan ekonomi keluarga.Kata Kunci : Karakteristik, Buruh Perempuan