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Villarreal, Stacie M., Andrea Bruno, Alan M. Fedynich, Leonard A. Brennan, and Dale Rollins. "Helminth Infections Across a Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) Annual Cycle in Fisher County, Texas." Western North American Naturalist 76, no. 3 (November 2016): 275–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3398/064.076.0303.
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Makworo, Edwin Obwoge, George Morara Nyakoe, and Teresa Kwamboka Abuya. "Gender and teacher attitude toward digital literacy programme in Kisii county primary schools." International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478) 10, no. 4 (June 14, 2021): 383–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v10i4.1183.
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Digital technologies have been associated with improved and enriched learning experiences which include more student-centered learning. These technologies have made teaching and learning experiences more interesting. In view of the crucial role of digital technologies in enhancing learning, this study sought to assess teacher attitudes towards the Digital Literacy Programme (DLP) in Kisii County based on gender differences. Does the gender of the teachers involved in the Digital Literacy Programme in Kisii County affect their readiness to uptake and implement the program? A survey research design was applied in the study. The population of the study constituted of 1,420 standard one and two teachers selected from randomly sampled schools of the county. The sample size was determined using the Fisher formula and the sample consisted of 302 standard one and two teachers. Purposive sampling was used to select the specific teachers. Simple random sampling was used to select the specific schools to include in the study and proportionate sampling was used to determine the number of respondents from each school. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data. To ascertain the reliability of the research instruments, a pilot test was carried out and a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.76 was realized. Data were analyzed quantitatively using descriptive statistics in SPSS. The study established that difference in gender has no effect on the teachers’ attitude to the Digital Literacy Programme.
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Makworo, Edwin Obwoge. "Technology literacy among grade one and two pupils in primary schools in Kisii County, Kenya." International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478) 9, no. 7 (December 12, 2020): 239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v9i7.947.
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The use of technology as a tool for problem identification and solutions is on the rise in the world today. Many institutions have leveraged the power of technology to solve their existing problems. The young generation has also embraced technology and is applying it in varied ways ranging from entertainment to use for academic purposes. This research sought to find out the technology literacy among grade 1 and 2 pupils in public primary schools of Kisii County in Kenya. The population of the study constituted of 71,000 pupils in the two grades in the 710 schools in Kisii County. A sample size of 384 was determined using the Fisher formula and random sampling was used to collect data from 30% of the schools. Data were analyzed descriptively using the statistical package for social sciences. The findings indicated that 43.6% of the pupils had access to smartphones at their homes, 38.9% used them on a daily basis majorly to play games. The majority of the pupils were conversant with Facebook and WhatsApp. Among the recommendations is that academic institutions at the primary school level should start diverting the minds of the young towards tendencies to use more academic applications to enhance their learning skills.
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Ochiewo, Jacob, Fridah Munyi, Edward Waiyaki, Faith Kimanga, Nicholas Karani, Joseph Kamau, and Shigalla B. Mahongo. "Livelihood impacts and adaptation in fishing practices as a response to recent climatic changes in the upwelling region of the East African Coastal Current." Western Indian Ocean Journal of Marine Science, no. 1/2020 (February 11, 2021): 105–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/wiojms.si2020.1.10.
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A socio-economic assessment was carried out at Amu and Shela in Lamu County and Ngomeni in Kilifi County on the coast of Kenya. The aim was to establish fisher perspectives on the livelihood impacts of changes in upwelling associated with the East African Coastal Current, and adaptations in fishing practices to determine the vulnerability, resilience and adaptation options for fisheries dependent communities in this upwelling region. Primary data and information were collected through direct observation, semi-structured interviews, key informant interviews and oral histories. Descriptive and non-parametric analysis was conducted for quantitative data and content analysis for qualitative data. The study covered 92 respondents out of which 90 were male. About 82.5 percent of the respondents had attained different levels of primary school education and below, and were therefore highly vulnerable to climate change impacts. Furthermore, 80.4 percent of the respondents were aged between 20 years and 49 years with a mean age of 40 years, thus falling into the economically active age category. In terms of livelihoods, fishing and fishing-related activities formed the primary livelihoods at the three study sites with fishing being the main occupation for 93 percent of the respondents. Fishing effort was higher during the north-east monsoon season. Fifty two percent of the respondents targeted small pelagic species. The main changes observed included increased fishing effort and a decline in the quantity of fish caught per fisher, and changes in the composition of fish species. Changes in the composition of fish species have further been compounded by a decline in rainfall over time, sea level rise, irregular wind patterns and increased temperatures. The decline in fish catch further led to a general decline in income and welfare. The climatic changes increased vulnerability of the fishing communities.
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Chen, Xing Zhang, Yong You, and Jin Feng Liu. "Potential Debris Flow Gully and its Discrimination — A Case Study in Wenchuan Earthquake Hit Areas." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 4620–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.4620.
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In this paper, we firstly defined the potential debris flow gully. And then using the data of different gullies in Wenchuan earthquake hit areas, we built a discrimination model of potential debris flow gully by Fisher Linear Discrimination Analysis method. Finally, the model was used to discriminate the gullies in Jinxihe catchment, in Anxian County. Potential debris flow gully is a kind of special gully which is in a special evolution phase of the gully when the gully has the happening possibilities of debris flow but no debris flow records. Because potential debris flow can often pose more serious disasters, discrimination of potential debris flow gully is important for disaster prevention and mitigation. To build discrimination model of potential debris flow gully, a database of different gullies in quake-hit areas was established and six discrimination indices were selected based on cause analysis of debris flow. Using the database and the six discrimination indices, we built the discrimination model by Fisher Linear Discrimination Analysis method. The discrimination model was used to discriminate the gullies in Jinxihe catchment. Discrimination results showed that the discrimination model was effective and feasible in discriminating potential debris flow gullies, but it still needs further revised and perfected.
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Makworo, Edwin Obwoge, Abuya Teresa Kwamboka, and Nyakoe George Morara. "E-Readiness Status of Primary Schools Implementing Digital Devices in Kisii County." International Journal of Recent Contributions from Engineering, Science & IT (iJES) 8, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijes.v8i1.12567.
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<p>Delivery of education content to learners in many learning environments has greatly been enhanced by the deployment and implementation of Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) in the world today. Many developing countries are putting in place strategies to ensure their education systems use ICT to improve and diversify learning to meet the global changes in technology. In Kenya, ICT Integration in Primary Education is one of the key flagship programmes that has received keen attention by the government in the past few years through the primary schools Digital Literacy Programme (DLP). This research endeavoured to establish the e-readiness of primary schools implementing use of digital devices in Kisii County. Survey research design was applied in the study. The population of the study constituted of 710 primary school head teachers, 1,420 standard one and two teachers and 71,000 standard one and two pupils. Sample size was determined using the fisher formula and the sample consisted of 249 primary school head teachers, 302 standard one and two teachers and 381 standard one and two pupils. Purposive sampling was used to select schools, head teachers and teachers. Simple random sampling was used to select the specific schools to include in the study and proportionate sampling was used to determine the number of respondents from each school. The research instruments applied in the research included self-administered questionnaires for teachers and head teachers and interview schedules for pupils. To ascertain the reliability of the research instruments, a pilot test was carried out and a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.76 was realized. Data was analysed qualitatively and quantitatively using descriptive statistics in SPSS.The research established that the main impediment to implementation of the DLP was the psychological and financial readiness within the schools. There should be a well planned training schedule for teachers and a budget be put in place for the primary schools for the DLP.</p>
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Kulei, Stella. "MATERNAL AWARENESS, PERCEIVED DISPOSITION AND HABIT DETERMINANTS TO NEONATAL MORTALITY AMONG MOTHERS DELIVERING AT A COUNTY REFERRAL HOSPITAL, KENYA." Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing 6, no. 2 (August 12, 2021): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/jhmn.1339.
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Purpose: The study sought to establish the maternal awareness, perceived disposition and habit determinants to neonatal mortality among mothers delivering at a County Referral Hospital, Kenya.
Design: A descriptive cross-sectional hospital-based study. The study was carried out in Nakuru county referral Hospital, Kenya, in the postnatal wards in the maternity unit. Mothers who delivered and gave consent in the maternity unit in Nakuru county Referral Hospital were recruited. Mothers who did not deliver and were referred to Nakuru county referral hospital and declined to give consent were excluded from the study. The sample size was determined using Fisher et al 1999 formula. The targeted sample size was therefore 278 mothers. The study respondents were identified using systematic random sampling. Quantitative data was collected using a pre-tested questionnaire by the research assistants. Data was entered into the computer and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Univariate analysis was presented using descriptive statistics like graphs, bar charts, pie charts and tables. Bivariate analysis was presented using inferential statistics like chi square and probability estimations to test for significance.
Results: Neonatal mortality was significantly associated with the maternal determinants. Maternal awareness (p=<0.001), disposition (p=0.001), habits (p=0.009)) all had significant relationships. From qualitative data, there was a linkage between neonatal deaths and cultural factors such as traditional practices and home delivery. Inadequate health care providers’ services, like lack of counseling to mothers on prevention of neonatal deaths before and after delivery, were strongly stated by the participants as being associated with neonatal deaths.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The Health care providers should ensure that mothers are empowered with knowledge on prevention of neonatal mortality which should include counseling on risk factors during pregnancy and the health education should be spread from pregnancy to discharge and during follow-up visits.
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Seboru, Msafiri Atibu, Angeline Sabina Mulwa, Dorothy Ndunge Kyalo, and Charles M. Rambo. "Acquisition of Materials and Performance of Road Construction Projects in Kenya: A Case of Nairobi County." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 32 (November 30, 2016): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n32p221.
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This study sought to establish the influence of acquisition of materials on performance of road construction projects in Kenya: A case of Nairobi County. The objective of the study was to establish the extent to which acquisition of materials influences performance of road construction projects in Kenya. This study was anchored on the theory of controlling, theory of construction management, and stakeholder theory. The paradigm used was pragmatism and the research approach used was mixed methods. Cross sectional descriptive survey and correlational research design were used. The sample size was 74 senior engineers which comprised 30 senior engineers from consulting engineering firms and 44 senior engineers from construction companies; 74 managing directors which comprised 30 managing directors from consulting engineering firms and 44 managing directors from construction companies. A five point Likert type scale questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data while interview guides were used to collect qualitative data. The statistical tools of analysis that were used for descriptive data were frequencies, percentages, arithmetic mean and standard deviation while the statistical tools that were used for inferential statistics were Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation and Linear Regression. The Fisher (F) test was used to test the hypotheses. The results indicated that with R²=0.246, F(6,40)=2.173, p=0.066>0.05, H1 was rejected and it was concluded that acquisition of materials had no statistically significant influence on the performance of road construction projects. However, establishment of quantities of materials required had a statistically significant influence on the performance of road construction projects. The study recommends that organizations that deal with road construction should have appropriate policies on establishment of quantities of materials required.
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Martin, John. "P. J. Fisher, ed., The Victoria History of the County of Leicestershire: Buckminster and Sewstern. University of London Press, 2017. £11.95. 9781909646698 pbk." Rural History 29, no. 2 (September 10, 2018): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956793318000080.
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Kiarie, Dr David Mburu. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RISKS MONITORING & CONTROL MANAGEMENT STRATEGY AND SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE AMONG MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN KENYA." International Journal of Supply Chain and Logistics 1, no. 2 (April 13, 2017): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijscl.v1i2.153.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between risks monitoring and control management strategy and supply chain performance among manufacturing companies in Kenya.Methodology:The study adopted a cross-section survey of descriptive nature .The target population comprised of the 412 manufacturing companies within Nairobi County that were registered members of KAM. The fisher et al formula for calculating the sample size was used to yield a sample size of199. Data was collected using questionnaires and analyzed using statistical package of social sciences (SPSS) version 21 as a tool of analysis.Results: The study findings revealed that the constructs of risk identification management strategy combined together influenced supply chain performance as supported by a p value of 0.000.Further, most of the companies had risk analysis and evaluation management strategy in place.Policy recommendation:the study recommended that manufacturing companies should put in place a risk analysis and evaluation management strategy to enhance supply chain performance.
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Kiarie, Dr David, Dr Patrick Ngugi, and Dr Kennedy Ogollah. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RISK IDENTIFICATION MANAGEMENT STRATEGY AND SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE AMONG MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN KENYA." International Journal of Supply Chain and Logistics 1, no. 2 (April 13, 2017): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijscl.v1i2.156.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine relationship between risk identification management strategy and supply chain performance among manufacturing companies in KenyaMethodology:The study adopted a cross-section survey of descriptive nature .The target population comprised of the 412 manufacturing companies within Nairobi County that were registered members of KAM. The fisher et al formula for calculating the sample size was used to yield a sample size of199. Data was collected using questionnaires and analyzed using statistical package of social sciences (SPSS) version 21 as a tool of analysis.Results: The study findings revealed that the constructs of risk identification management strategy combined together influenced supply chain performance as supported by a p value of 0.000.)Policy recommendation: the study recommended that manufacturing companies should put in place a risk analysis and evaluation management strategy to enhance supply chain performance. In particular, companies should consider conducting whole life costing of suppliers and also internal quality of suppliers.
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Cobban, W. A., and W. J. Kennedy. "Upper Cenomanian ammonites from the Woodbridge Clay Member of the Raritan Formation in New Jersey." Journal of Paleontology 64, no. 5 (September 1990): 845–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000019053.
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The woodbridge Clay Member of the Raritan Formation of New Jersey yields the oldest marine fauna known from the Upper Cretaceous of the United States Atlantic seaboard. This fauna is dominated by bivalves and gastropods (Richards, 1943; Stephenson, 1954), which have sufficient elements in common with the Cenomanian Woodbine Formation of Texas to suggest a Cenomanian age (Stephenson, 1954, p. 26), and this has been supported by data from megascopic plant remains and pollen (see review in Christopher, 1977; Doyle and Robbins, 1977, and references therein). The discovery, by N. F. Sohl, of two ammonite fragments in the Woodbridge Clay Member provides the first evidence for the assignment of the member within the Cenomanian Stage. The specimens came from sideritic concretions in the Woodbridge Member at the claypit of the Sayreville-Fisher Brick Company at Sayreville, Middlesex County, New Jersey (USGS Mesozoic locality 29584). General descriptions of the Raritan succession are given in Owens and Sohl (1969), Owens et al. (1977), and Owens (1983).
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Kiarie, Dr David, Dr Patrick Ngugi, and Dr Kennedy Ogollah. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RISK IDENTIFICATION MANAGEMENT STRATEGY AND SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE AMONG MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN KENYA." International Journal of Supply Chain and Logistics 1, no. 2 (April 13, 2017): 101–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijscl.156.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine relationship between risk identification management strategy and supply chain performance among manufacturing companies in KenyaMethodology:The study adopted a cross-section survey of descriptive nature .The target population comprised of the 412 manufacturing companies within Nairobi County that were registered members of KAM. The fisher et al formula for calculating the sample size was used to yield a sample size of199. Data was collected using questionnaires and analyzed using statistical package of social sciences (SPSS) version 21 as a tool of analysis.Results: The study findings revealed that the constructs of risk identification management strategy combined together influenced supply chain performance as supported by a p value of 0.000.)Policy recommendation: the study recommended that manufacturing companies should put in place a risk analysis and evaluation management strategy to enhance supply chain performance. In particular, companies should consider conducting whole life costing of suppliers and also internal quality of suppliers.
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Kiarie, Dr David Mburu. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RISKS MONITORING & CONTROL MANAGEMENT STRATEGY AND SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE AMONG MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN KENYA." International Journal of Supply Chain and Logistics 1, no. 2 (April 13, 2017): 119–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijscl.153.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between risks monitoring and control management strategy and supply chain performance among manufacturing companies in Kenya.Methodology:The study adopted a cross-section survey of descriptive nature .The target population comprised of the 412 manufacturing companies within Nairobi County that were registered members of KAM. The fisher et al formula for calculating the sample size was used to yield a sample size of199. Data was collected using questionnaires and analyzed using statistical package of social sciences (SPSS) version 21 as a tool of analysis.Results: The study findings revealed that the constructs of risk identification management strategy combined together influenced supply chain performance as supported by a p value of 0.000.Further, most of the companies had risk analysis and evaluation management strategy in place.Policy recommendation:the study recommended that manufacturing companies should put in place a risk analysis and evaluation management strategy to enhance supply chain performance.
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Wessels, Ralph L. "Bicycle Collisions in Washington State: A Six-Year Perspective, 1988–1993." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1538, no. 1 (January 1996): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196153800111.
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A categorical data analysis of collisions between bicycles and motor vehicles was performed in Washington State using 8,540 collision records from 1988 through 1993. The collisions were categorized by action and location of bicyclists and motorists, age groups, road ownership, and county, using a modified version of the Cross/Fisher methodology. Various statistics on demographics, contributing circumstances, and environmental conditions were developed. The results of the analysis indicate that the type and severity of accidents vary by classification of roadway and age group and among similar areas within the state. One-half of the bicycle collisions involved those aged 15 or less. Male bicyclists were involved in 80 percent of the collisions, which was likely due to greater exposure instead of a behavioral difference by gender. Intersections accounted for one-half of the collision locations. The merit of developing a statewide bicycle-collision report that stratifies information at the local level is presented, along with practical applications of the data. An inherent bias against safety improvements for bicycles that is due to collision-reporting thresholds is also discussed.
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Njue, Nicasio Gicovi, Angeline Sabina Mulwa, and Dorothy Ndunge Kyalo. "Project Implementation Factors and Performance of Jua-kali Empowerment Programmes in Nairobi, Kenya." European Journal of Marketing and Economics 2, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejme-2019.v2i1-64.
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The purpose of the study was to examine how project implementation factors (provision of work-space facility, entrepreneurship training and promotion of products) influence the performance of Jua-kali Empowerment Programmes (JEP) in Nairobi County, Kenya. The study was rooted upon theory of constraints and system theory of organization. Both descriptive and correlational survey designs were used in executing the research inquiry. The targeted population was 327 beneficiaries of the JEP in Nairobi County. Using Krejcie and Morgan formula, a sample of 181 beneficiaries was selected. Both simple random sampling and purposive sampling were used to choose the sample elements. Data was gathered using structured questionnaires and informant interview guide. Descriptive statistics like percentages, arithmetic mean and standard deviation as well as inferential statistics regression analysis was used in data analysis. Pearson correlation analysis was used to test relationship between variables and regression analysis was applied in predicting the research model. The reliability of questionnaires was ascertained by Cronbach Alpha Coefficient of reliability (at 0.6668). Fisher (F) tested the research hypothesis at α=0.05 whereby, R= 0.563, R2= 0.317, F (1,145) =5.192 at P=0.000-0.05. Therefore, the null hypothesis was rejected as there was enough evidence to conclude that project implementation factors have significant influence on the performance of Jua-kali Empowerment Programmes. Hence recommendations were made to the implementors of Jua-kali empowerment programmes to ensure that the programmes are not only need based but also implemented in an integrated and coordinated approaches for effective realization of projected deliverables.
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Njue, Nicasio Gicovi, Angeline Sabina Mulwa, and Dorothy Ndunge Kyalo. "Project Implementation Factors and Performance of Jua-kali Empowerment Programmes in Nairobi, Kenya." European Journal of Marketing and Economics 2, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejme.v2i1.p54-61.
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The purpose of the study was to examine how project implementation factors (provision of work-space facility, entrepreneurship training and promotion of products) influence the performance of Jua-kali Empowerment Programmes (JEP) in Nairobi County, Kenya. The study was rooted upon theory of constraints and system theory of organization. Both descriptive and correlational survey designs were used in executing the research inquiry. The targeted population was 327 beneficiaries of the JEP in Nairobi County. Using Krejcie and Morgan formula, a sample of 181 beneficiaries was selected. Both simple random sampling and purposive sampling were used to choose the sample elements. Data was gathered using structured questionnaires and informant interview guide. Descriptive statistics like percentages, arithmetic mean and standard deviation as well as inferential statistics regression analysis was used in data analysis. Pearson correlation analysis was used to test relationship between variables and regression analysis was applied in predicting the research model. The reliability of questionnaires was ascertained by Cronbach Alpha Coefficient of reliability (at 0.6668). Fisher (F) tested the research hypothesis at α=0.05 whereby, R= 0.563, R2= 0.317, F (1,145) =5.192 at P=0.000-0.05. Therefore, the null hypothesis was rejected as there was enough evidence to conclude that project implementation factors have significant influence on the performance of Jua-kali Empowerment Programmes. Hence recommendations were made to the implementors of Jua-kali empowerment programmes to ensure that the programmes are not only need based but also implemented in an integrated and coordinated approaches for effective realization of projected deliverables.
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Gildea, Niall. "Also Intransitive. Mark Fisher's Hauntology." CounterText 6, no. 3 (December 2020): 401–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/count.2020.0202.
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This article offers a reading of the version of Jacques Derrida's concept of ‘hauntology’ that is developed by Mark Fisher in his essay collection, Ghosts Of My Life: Writings on Depression, Hauntology and Lost Futures. The article begins by noting some salient genealogical features of Fisher's critique of Derrida, and argues that Fisher's engagement with hauntology prompts an elaboration of Fisher's thinking about Derrida which corresponds to the elaboration in Derrida's thinking which, for Fisher, hauntology marks. But it also goes on to suggest, in a manner that is intended to pay tribute to Fisher's final work, The Weird and the Eerie, that Fisher's engagement with Derrida has a weird performativity, irreducible (as always in Fisher) to mere commentary or exegesis, and having more to do, like the weird, with ‘ things which do not belong together’. Fisher's adoption of ‘hauntology’ is of particular interest because it develops from an earlier hostility to Derrida's work which was of a piece with the position of the Cybernetic Culture Research Unit (CCRU), of which Fisher was a member during its existence at Warwick in the late 1990s/early 2000s. This late, phantasmatic reconciliation between Fisher and Derrida is at once intellectually fertile and undeniably poignant.
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Hannibal, Joseph T., and Lorraine Schnabel. "Cockeysville marble: a heritage stone from Maryland, USA." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 486, no. 1 (2020): 229–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp486-2019-1.
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AbstractBy virtue of its use in iconic monuments and historic buildings in the USA, Cockeysville marble, a dolomitic to calcitic lower Paleozoic (Cambrian/Ordovician) marble quarried in Baltimore County and adjacent areas in Maryland, is proposed as a potential Global Heritage Stone Resource. The most important use of this stone was for the Washington Monument in Washington, DC whose construction began in 1848; the second most important use was for the 108 columns of the United States Capitol's wings, completed in 1868. It was also used for two of the oldest major marble monuments in the USA, Baltimore's Battle Monument (dedicated in 1827) and Washington Monument (completed in 1829), as well as Baltimore's City Hall, Buffalo's Adkins Art Museum, Detroit's Fisher Building and parts of St Patrick's Cathedral in New York City. During the nineteenth century white Cockeysville was most desired, but a colourful variety, Mar Villa marble, was also used in the first decades of the twentieth century. Cockeysville marble is no longer quarried for dimension stone. All Cockeysville used outdoors has weathered to a lesser or great extent, but early testing indicating that the dolomitic marble would be more durable has proved to be true.
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Heumann, Milton. "Back to the Future: The Centrality of Plea Bargaining in the Criminal Justice System." Canadian journal of law and society 18, no. 2 (August 2003): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0829320100007754.
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Using Professor George Fisher's wonderful new book, Plea Bargaining's Triumph as a springboard and roadmap for a journey into plea bargaining's past and present status, this brief essay will attempt to build a theory accounting for the centrality of plea bargaining in today's—and tomorrow's—criminal justice system. By looking back, Fisher illuminates the present, and suggests a future for plea bargaining in the disposition of the cases. His analysis ends with “plea bargaining's triumph;” with its emergence as the single most important (and powerful) factor in the disposition of criminal cases. I will applaud, but qualify his arguments and speculate about “plea bargaining's future.” His looking back, led him to conclude that plea bargaining coopted or caused most criminal justice innovations of the past two decades, and that almost anthropomorphically, it emerged victorious. His understanding of the “causes” of plea bargaining's centrality deserves applause along with qualification; his painting of a picture of plea bargaining “victory” is correct, and is fruitfully linked to a future informed by his understanding of a past.First, some general ground rules for what I will and will not do in this essay. I will not systematically or exhaustively summarize Fisher's arguments, nor will I referee the disagreements he surfaced with the respect to the work of many major studies of plea bargaining and its history. Suffice it to say that this is a very careful historical study of the origins of plea bargaining, and that it primarily relies on a very detailed and very, very careful analysis of the court records of Middlesex County, Mass., mostly for cases disposed of in the 19th century. Based on these data, and secondary analyses of data from studies of plea bargaining in other jurisdictions, Fisher builds a theory of the growth of plea bargaining that is sometimes original, always engaging, and inevitably provocative. Though I take issue with some of his arguments, he must be lauded for the care and clarity of his presentation, and for the enormous literature he uses to develop and support his case.
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Karuri, Stella W., Maureen K. Murithi, Grace Irimu, and Mike English. "Using data from a multi-hospital clinical network to explore prevalence of pediatric rickets in Kenya." Wellcome Open Research 2 (August 17, 2017): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.12038.1.
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Background: Nutritional rickets is a public health concern in developing countries despite tropical climates and a re-emerging issue in developed countries. In this study, we reviewed pediatric admission data from the Clinical Information Network (CIN) to help determine hospital and region based prevalence of rickets in three regions of Kenya (Central Kenya, Western Kenya and Nairobi County). We also examine the association of rickets with other diagnosis, such as malnutrition and pneumonia, and study the effect of rickets on regional hospital stays. Methods: We analyzed discharge records for children aged 1 month to 5 years from county (formerly district) hospitals in the CIN, with admissions from February 1st 2014 to February 28th 2015. The strength of the association between rickets and key demographic factors, as well as with malnutrition and pneumonia, was assessed using odds ratios. The Fisher exact test was used to test the significance of the estimated odd ratios. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to analyze length of hospital stays. Results: There was a marked difference in prevalence across the three regions, with Nairobi having the highest number of cases of rickets at a proportion of 4.01%, followed by Central Region at 0.92%. Out of 9756 admissions in the Western Region, there was only one diagnosis of rickets. Malnutrition was associated with rickets; this association varied regionally. Pneumonia was found to be associated with rickets in Central Kenya. Children diagnosed with rickets had longer hospital stays, even when cases of malnutrition and pneumonia were excluded in the analysis. Conclusion: There was marked regional variation in hospital based prevalence of rickets, but in some regions it is a common clinical diagnosis suggesting the need for targeted public health interventions. Factors such as maternal and child nutrition, urbanization and cultural practices might explain these differences.
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Karuri, Stella W., Maureen K. Murithi, Grace Irimu, and Mike English. "Using data from a multi-hospital clinical network to explore prevalence of pediatric rickets in Kenya." Wellcome Open Research 2 (November 1, 2017): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.12038.2.
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Background: Nutritional rickets is a public health concern in developing countries despite tropical climates and a re-emerging issue in developed countries. In this study, we reviewed pediatric admission data from the Clinical Information Network (CIN) to help determine hospital and region based prevalence of rickets in three regions of Kenya (Central Kenya, Western Kenya and Nairobi County). We also examine the association of rickets with other diagnosis, such as malnutrition and pneumonia, and study the effect of rickets on regional hospital stays. Methods: We analyzed discharge records for children aged 1 month to 5 years from county (formerly district) hospitals in the CIN, with admissions from February 1st 2014 to February 28th 2015. The strength of the association between rickets and key demographic factors, as well as with malnutrition and pneumonia, was assessed using odds ratios. The Fisher exact test was used to test the significance of the estimated odd ratios. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to analyze length of hospital stays. Results: There was a marked difference in prevalence across the three regions, with Nairobi having the highest number of cases of rickets at a proportion of 4.01%, followed by Central Region at 0.92%. Out of 9756 admissions in the Western Region, there was only one diagnosis of rickets. Malnutrition was associated with rickets; this association varied regionally. Pneumonia was found to be associated with rickets in Central Kenya. Children diagnosed with rickets had longer hospital stays, even when cases of malnutrition and pneumonia were excluded in the analysis. Conclusion: There was marked regional variation in hospital based prevalence of rickets, but in some regions it is a common clinical diagnosis suggesting the need for targeted public health interventions. Factors such as maternal and child nutrition, urbanization and cultural practices might explain these differences.
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Kiarie, Dr David, Dr Patrick Ngugi, and Dr Kennedy Ogollah. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HEDGING RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGY AND SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE AMONG MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN KENYA." International Journal of Supply Chain and Logistics 1, no. 2 (April 13, 2017): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijscl.v1i2.155.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine therelationship between hedging risk management strategy and supply chain performance among manufacturing companies in KenyaMethodology:The study adopted a cross-section survey of descriptive nature .The target population comprised of the 412 manufacturing companies within Nairobi County that were registered members of KAM. The fisher et al formula for calculating the sample size was used to yield a sample size of199. Data was collected using questionnaires and analyzed using statistical package of social sciences (SPSS) version 21 as a tool of analysis.Results: The study findings revealed that the companies that increased buffer stock at various levels in the supply chain. Increasing buffer stock at various levels in the supply chain resulted to decreased lead time, improved quality and reduced cost. Results also showed that most of the companies ‘conducted reduce order cycle times. Conducting reduce order cycle times resulted to decreased lead time, improved quality and reduced cost. Further, the results revealed that most of the companies shared supply chain costs with partners. Sharing supply chain costs with partners resulted to decreased lead time, improved quality and reduced cost.Policy recommendation:the study recommended that manufacturing companies should put in place a risk analysis and evaluation management strategy to enhance supply chain performance. In particular, companies should consider conducting whole life costing of suppliers and also internal quality of suppliers.
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Alberti, Luis Fernando, José Augusto Nunes Hirt, Décio Brasil Flores Machado Junior, Maurício Steckel, Cleandro Stevão Tombini, and Solon Jonas Longhi. "Aspectos florísticos e síndromes de dispersão das espécies arbóreas do Morro de Santo Antão, Santa Maria-RS." Ciência e Natura 22, no. 22 (December 11, 2000): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x27116.
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The Santo Antão Hill located at Caturrita Village in the county of Santa Maria is an expressive tourist place in the region and also a rich forest in terms of botanic species from the lower montane Seasonal Deciduous Forests of the Serra Geral. Rio Grande do Sul. The objectives of the study were to get information about the floristic composition and seed dispersion syndromes of tree species. The floristic characterization of the Santo Antão hill forest was made with detailed taxonomic identification of the species found there. The seed dispersion was studied by field observations and bibliographical reviews using the categories and concepts proposed by Van Der Pl]l, Howe & Westley and Fisher & Chapman and used by NASCIMENTO & LONGHI (1996). There were 51 tree species classified in 47 genera and 28 families. indicating a relevant floristic diversity. Leguminosae. Myrtaceae. Sapindaceae and Moraceae were the most frequent families. Among the specles, Sorocea bomplandii (cincho). Cupania vernalis (camboatá- vermelho), Actinostemon concolor (Iaranjeira-do-mato), Schinus molle (aroeira-mansa), Nectandra megapotamica (canela-preta), were the most conspicuous. 69% of the studied species presented zoochoric dispersion, which is in agreement with severals authors that put this syndrome as one of the most important in the dissemination of tree species, as well as in the balance between the flora and fauna in the ecosystem.
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Ahlers-Schmidt, Carolyn R., Hayrettin Okut, and Jolynn Dowling. "Impact of Prenatal Education on Breastfeeding Initiation Among Low-Income Women." American Journal of Health Promotion 34, no. 8 (May 14, 2020): 919–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890117120925342.
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Purpose: To determine whether participants in the Baby Talk prenatal education program were more likely to initiate breastfeeding than nonparticipants. Design: Retrospective cohort study comparing women with a singleton pregnancy who were enrolled in Baby Talk with matched controls based on zip code, maternal age, race, language spoken, and payer source. Setting: Urban Midwest county. Sample: Baby Talk participants enrolled between November 2015 and December 2016 (n = 299) and matched controls identified through vital statistics records who were not enrolled (n = 1190). Intervention: A 12-hour prenatal education curriculum with 2.5 hours of breastfeeding content. Measures: The primary outcome was breastfeeding at hospital discharge as reported in vital statistics. Analysis: Likelihood-ratio χ2 and Fisher exact test were used to test the significant association between categorical variables. Results: Baby Talk participants were significantly more likely to initiate breastfeeding (93.65%) than matched nonparticipants (87.48%; P = .003). Non-Hispanic white and black Baby Talk participants were more likely to initiate breastfeeding than controls (96.15% vs 89.83%; 91.03% vs 77.02%, respectively; P < .05). Conclusions: Prenatal education has the potential to increase breastfeeding initiation among low-income women, especially non-Hispanic white and black. This study is limited as participants were from a single community, though Baby Talk was offered at 5 separate locations, and potentially from information bias as it was reliant on the accuracy of vital statistics data.
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Kiarie, Dr David, Dr Patrick Ngugi, and Dr Kennedy Ogollah. "RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HEDGING RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGY AND SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE AMONG MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN KENYA." International Journal of Supply Chain and Logistics 1, no. 2 (April 13, 2017): 82–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijscl.155.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine therelationship between hedging risk management strategy and supply chain performance among manufacturing companies in KenyaMethodology:The study adopted a cross-section survey of descriptive nature .The target population comprised of the 412 manufacturing companies within Nairobi County that were registered members of KAM. The fisher et al formula for calculating the sample size was used to yield a sample size of199. Data was collected using questionnaires and analyzed using statistical package of social sciences (SPSS) version 21 as a tool of analysis.Results: The study findings revealed that the companies that increased buffer stock at various levels in the supply chain. Increasing buffer stock at various levels in the supply chain resulted to decreased lead time, improved quality and reduced cost. Results also showed that most of the companies ‘conducted reduce order cycle times. Conducting reduce order cycle times resulted to decreased lead time, improved quality and reduced cost. Further, the results revealed that most of the companies shared supply chain costs with partners. Sharing supply chain costs with partners resulted to decreased lead time, improved quality and reduced cost.Policy recommendation:the study recommended that manufacturing companies should put in place a risk analysis and evaluation management strategy to enhance supply chain performance. In particular, companies should consider conducting whole life costing of suppliers and also internal quality of suppliers.
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Aondo, Robin Marita. "EFFECTIVENESS OF TAXPAYER EDUCATION ON TAX COMPLIANCE FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN KENYA: A STUDY OF SELECTED BUSINESS ENTERPRISES IN KITENGELA TOWN IN KAJIADO COUNTY." International Journal of Management & Entrepreneurship Research 1, no. 3 (June 21, 2020): 114–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.51594/ijmer.v1i3.16.
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This research paper aim was to establish the effectiveness of taxpayer education on tax compliance for SMEs in Kitengela town. There are reasons why KRA never met its revenue targets and the revenue collected has never surpassed the target set aside by the commission. The non-compliance of tax by SMEs can be attributed to the tax gap that is available in every fiscal year. KRA conducts taxpayer education to all registered SMEs in an effort to improve the existing level of tax compliance. The only way KRA will meet their target revenue is when they include all SMEs in the generation of the revenue. The study was anchored on Theory of Reasoned Action and Fisher Tax Compliance Model while the study variables were PAYE form of tax, tax rates, tax compliance cost, tax penalties and fines. The target population of the study were 1400 SMEs with a sample that was random stratified chosen of 140 SMEs. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, inferential statistics and SSPS version 24.0. The inferential statistics was employed to establish the relations that exist between the study variables. Pearson correlation matrix was used for predicting and describing the variables in terms of directions and magnitude while regression analysis was conducted at a level of 5%. The data analysis tools will be SSPS and the use of inferential statistics. The study established that the effectiveness of taxpayer education on tax compliance and all the predictors as shown by beta coefficients: PAYE (? = 0.542); tax rates (? = 0.482) and tax penalties and fines (? = 0.632). However, the study established there is a positive but statistically insignificant relationship (? =0.06, p= 0.671>0.05) between tax compliance cost and tax payer education. The study concluded that tax rates, PAYE, tax penalties and fines contribute greatly to tax compliance and finally tax compliance cost have the most significant influence on tax compliance. The study recommends that KRA should have an office in every county that will address tax issues at county level and the services to be offered should include tax penalties, filing of tax returns, tax computation and tax differentiation.
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Kiarie, Dr David, Dr Patrick Ngugi, and Dr Kennedy Ogollah. "RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGY AND SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE AMONG MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN KENYA." International Journal of Supply Chain and Logistics 1, no. 1 (February 9, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijscl.v1i1.81.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine risk management strategy and supply chain performance among manufacturing companies in KenyaMethodology: The study adopted a cross-section survey of descriptive nature. The target population comprised of the 412 manufacturing companies within Nairobi County that were registered members of KAM. The fisher et al formula for calculating the sample size was used to yield a sample size of199. Data was collected using questionnaires and analyzed using statistical package of social sciences (SPSS) version 21 as a tool of analysis. In trying to explain the relationship between different variables in the study, Odd ratio regression was adopted as an appropriate method of analyzing the relationship between multiple variables requiring simultaneous comparison.Results: The study findings revealed that the constructs of risk identification management strategy combined together influenced supply chain performance as supported by a p value of 0.000.Further, most of the companies had risk analysis and evaluation management strategy in place. The study also concluded that the odds of observing better lead time and odds of improved quality were higher for those companies that conducted whole life costing of suppliers (p value- 0.023) and internal controls of suppliers (p value- 0.049)Policy recommendation: the study recommended that manufacturing companies should put in place a risk analysis and evaluation management strategy to enhance supply chain performance. In particular, companies should consider conducting whole life costing of suppliers and also internal quality of suppliers.
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Kiarie, Dr David, Dr Patrick Ngugi, and Dr Kennedy Ogollah. "RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGY AND SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE AMONG MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN KENYA." International Journal of Supply Chain and Logistics 1, no. 1 (February 9, 2017): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijscl.81.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine risk management strategy and supply chain performance among manufacturing companies in KenyaMethodology: The study adopted a cross-section survey of descriptive nature. The target population comprised of the 412 manufacturing companies within Nairobi County that were registered members of KAM. The fisher et al formula for calculating the sample size was used to yield a sample size of199. Data was collected using questionnaires and analyzed using statistical package of social sciences (SPSS) version 21 as a tool of analysis. In trying to explain the relationship between different variables in the study, Odd ratio regression was adopted as an appropriate method of analyzing the relationship between multiple variables requiring simultaneous comparison.Results: The study findings revealed that the constructs of risk identification management strategy combined together influenced supply chain performance as supported by a p value of 0.000.Further, most of the companies had risk analysis and evaluation management strategy in place. The study also concluded that the odds of observing better lead time and odds of improved quality were higher for those companies that conducted whole life costing of suppliers (p value- 0.023) and internal controls of suppliers (p value- 0.049)Policy recommendation: the study recommended that manufacturing companies should put in place a risk analysis and evaluation management strategy to enhance supply chain performance. In particular, companies should consider conducting whole life costing of suppliers and also internal quality of suppliers.
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Chung, Wendy, Kyoo Shim, David Jung, James Blackwell, Folasuyi Richardson, and Aurelia Schmalstieg. "1615. Influenza Outbreaks in Long-Term Care Facilities, 2017–2018 Influenza Season, Dallas, Texas." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (October 2019): S589. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1479.
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Abstract Background High rates of influenza-related hospitalizations and deaths occurred in the United States during the 2017–2018 influenza season. A record number of influenza outbreaks were reported in long-term care facilities (LTCF) in Dallas County. Public health surveillance of influenza-related intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and deaths in acute care hospitals improved early identification of outbreaks in LTCFs. Methods A confirmed LTCF influenza outbreak was defined as at least 1 lab-confirmed influenza case plus at least 1 case of influenza-like illness among residents or staff within 72 hours. Outbreaks were self-reported by facilities or identified by the health department during investigations of ICU hospitalizations and deaths. CDC guidance for influenza outbreak management was provided and daily active surveillance was continued for at least 1 week after the last case was identified. Data collected included: numbers of ill residents and staff, vaccination rates, dates of illness and chemoprophylaxis initiation, hospitalizations and deaths. Fisher exact tests and Chi-square were performed using SAS 9.4. Results During this influenza season, 32 confirmed influenza outbreaks were identified in Dallas County LTCFs: 17 in skilled nursing facilities (SNF), 13 in assisted-living facilities (ALF) and 2 in hybrid SNF/ALF. The average attack rate in residents was 9.8% (range: 1–35%). Influenza hospitalization rates were higher in ALF compared with SNF outbreaks (OR: 2.2). Influenza-associated mortality rates were higher in ALF compared with SNF (OR: 3.1). Of the 32 outbreaks, 20 (63%) were self-reported by facilities to public health and 12 (38%) were identified through health department review of influenza-associated ICU hospitalizations. Facilities where outbreak cases were identified through public health surveillance of ICU admissions had significantly lower overall attack rates (5.9% vs. 12.1%, P = 0.01) and shorter time to initiation of facility-wide chemoprophylaxis (0.4 vs. 2.4 days, P = 0.05). Conclusion Active surveillance of influenza-associated ICU admissions in acute-care hospitals facilitated the early identification of influenza outbreaks in LTCFs, which was associated with lower overall attack rates and shorter time to initiation of facility-wide chemoprophylaxis. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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Byrd, Barbie L., Lisa R. Goshe, Trip Kolkmeyer, and Aleta A. Hohn. "Sea Turtle Bycatch in the Large-Mesh Gillnet Flounder Fishery in Carteret County, North Carolina, USA, June-November 2009." Journal of North Carolina Academy of Science 132, no. 1-2 (March 1, 2016): 10–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.7572/jncas-15-00007.1.
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Abstract Sea turtle bycatch has been documented in the large-mesh gillnet fishery that targets flounder in estuarine waters of North Carolina (NC). However, only portions of the fishery operated under Endangered Species Act Incidental Take Permits and had regular observer coverage to determine the occurrence and extent of sea turtle bycatch. From June through November 2009, an Alternative Platform Observer Program (APOP) was initiated in southeastern Carteret County, NC, to document turtle entanglements. Observers covered 1.6% of the total number of large-mesh gillnet trips reported (1.1% of landings) and documented turtle bycatch (n = 22) on 36% of the observed trips (12 of 33). Most turtles were recovered alive (n = 15), and all interactions occurred in June, July, and August. Bycaught sea turtle species included 12 greens (Chelonia mydas), 5 Kemp’s ridleys (Lepidochelys kempii), and 5 loggerheads (Caretta caretta). Hauls with bycaught turtles in June had a significantly greater mean string length than those without bycatch (P = 0.02), but despite the institution of regulations limiting string length, no difference was found in mean string length overall before (June) and after (July-November) regulations went into effect. Documented turtle bycatch in this area supports the need for observer coverage across the entire spatio-temporal scope of the fishery at levels necessary for robust bycatch estimates. Representative observer data across longer time series can inform managers where and when bycatch risks are greatest and help in developing mitigation measures that decrease bycatch risk while reducing negative economic impacts on the fishers.
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Nechifor-Boilă, Adela, Claudia Banescu, Ancuta Elena Zahan, Valeriu Moldovan, Emoke Szasz, and Angela Borda. "DNA isolation from achieved formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues in a series of 212 thyroid carcinoma cases: the influence of preanalytical factors on DNA quantity and purity." Journal of Investigative Medicine 68, no. 3 (December 3, 2019): 792–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jim-2019-001134.
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ObjectiveThe present study aimed to investigate the influence of several important preanalytical factors (storage period of the tumor block, maximal diameter of the tumor circled area, tumor volume and tumor fraction) on the isolated DNA from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues in a series of thyroid carcinomas.DesignOur study included 212 FFPE blocks, archived in the Department of Pathology, Târgu-Mureș Emergency County Hospital for up to 10 years. DNA isolation was performed using a commercially available kit (MasterPure DNA purification kit, Epicentre). The DNA parameters (concentration and purity) were determined using a spectrophotometer and the Qubit 2.0 Fluorometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific) for an accurate and sensitive DNA quantification.ResultsThe mean DNA concentration and purity for the study cases were 489.3±372.6 ng/µl and 1.667±0.1912, respectively. The DNA concentration was correlated with the maximal diameter of the tumor circled area (p<0.0001), the tumor volume (p<0.0001) and tumor fraction (p=0.0462). No statistically significant differences both in terms of DNA concentration (p=0.374) and purity (p=0.125) in relation with the storage period of the tumor blocks were observed. When using a fluorometric quantification method, the DNA concentration was lower (mean DNA concentration: 47.15±32.85 ng/µl), but similar correlations with the morphological factors were observed. Apart for three cases, the real-time PCR amplification of the BRAF gene was successfully assessed in all cases.ConclusionThe maximal diameter of the tumor circled area, tumor volume and tumor fraction are important morphological factors that correlate with the DNA concentration and should be carefully assessed in routine practice prior to performing DNA isolation from FFPE tissues.
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Willink, Philip W., and Francis M. Veraldi. "The Fishes of Will County, Illinois." Fieldiana Zoology 2009, no. 115 (February 1, 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3158/0015-0754-115.00.1.
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Uhlenkott, Matthew C., Erin Kahle, Susan Buskin, Elizabeth Barash, and David M. Aboulafia. "Causes of Death in the Highly Active Antiretroviral (HAART) Era: A Retrospective Comparison between a Hybrid HIV and Hematology/Oncology Practice and the Adult & Adolescent Spectrum of HIV-Related Diseases (ASD) Project." Blood 108, no. 11 (November 16, 2006): 3865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.3865.3865.
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Abstract Background: Our practice at Virginia Mason Medical Center (VMMC) includes 600 HIV+ patients, 60 of whom died in the last decade. Our intimate doctor-to-patient care allows for increased precision when determining the underlying causes of patient mortality. Large cohort studies such as the ASD project may not allow for such detail because of dependence on medical records or death certificates to determine causes of death. Objective: To determine variances in death between a single provider VMMC patient dataset, and a larger public health cohort during the HAART era. Methods: We contrasted two datasets. The first was the Seattle/King County ASD dataset (n=4721), which recorded 351 patient deaths during 1996–2004. The second was the 1996–2006 VMMC HIV mortality cohort. Abstracted data include patient demographics, causes of death, co-morbidities, treatment adherence, CDC AIDS classification, and relevant laboratory data. We used X2 and Fisher Exact test for our statistical analysis. Results: Of the 60 VMMC patients who died, 57 (95%) were male, 16 (27%) injection drug users (IDU), 50% with significant mental illness, and 44 (73%) with a C2/C3 CDC AIDS classification. Median time between HIV diagnosis to death was 11 years (range, 0–22). There were 33 (55%) patients with poor/moderate adherence. Of the 351 ASD patients who died, 301 (86%) were male, 43 (12%) IDU, 250 (71%) with significant mental illness, and 285 (81%) with a C2/C3 CDC AIDS classification. Median time between HIV diagnosis and death was 6 years (0–18). Of 92 patients for whom adherence data was collected, 69 (75%) had poor/moderate adherence. 39 (65%) VMMC patients died from non-opportunistic illness (OI), 18 (30%) from OI, and 3 (5%) from both (see table). The most common OIs were wasting, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and progressive multi-focal leukoencephalopathy (PML). The most common non-OIs were malignancy, liver failure, and pneumonia. 11 of 60 patients (18%) died despite a non-detectable HIV viral load (NDVL) and median CD4+ count of 216 cells/μL (range, 16–952). 301 of 351 ASD patients had a known cause of death. 135 (45%) died from non-OI, 105 (35%) from OI, and 61 (20%) from both non-OI and OI (see table). The most common OIs were mycobacteria, dementia, and cytomegalovirus. The most common non-OIs were liver failure, pneumonia, and sepsis. 35 of 351 patients (10%) died despite a NDVL and median CD4+ count of 223 cells/μL (5–1616). Conclusions: Males and those with substance abuse, mental illness, poor/moderate adherence, and a C2/C3 AIDS designation were heavily represented in both datasets. The VMMC patients had a longer interval between HIV diagnosis and death than those in the Seattle/King County ASD project. Liver failure and pneumonia were the dominant non-OIs in both datasets. Malignancy as a cause of death was over-represented in VMMC due to the concentration of such patients in a Hem/Onc practice. ASD had a greater proportion of patients without a known cause of death, suggesting greater difficulty designating the underlying cause of death when patients are not intimately known. Table Outcome VMMC (N=60); N (%) ASD (N=301); N (%) p-value Opportunistic Illness (OI) 18 (30) 105 (35) No Significance Non-OI 39 (65) 135 (45) .004 Both OI & non-OI 3 (5) 61 (20) .005
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Varga, Máté, Lajos Drácz, Erik Kolbenheyer, Ferenc Varga, Árpád V. Patai, Norbert Solymosi, and Árpád Patai. "A Helicobacter pylori-fertőzés első vonalbeli megszüntetésére alkalmazott hagyományos hármas és egy új, bizmuttartalmú négyes kezelés összehasonlítása." Orvosi Hetilap 160, no. 34 (August 2019): 1340–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/650.2019.31477.
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Abstract: Introduction and aim: As the efficacy of the first-line traditional treatment used to eradicate Helicobacter pylori (H. p.) decreased below 75% in Hungary, a new protocol had to be created. Method: Supposing the success rate of the traditional therapy (14-day double dose of proton pump inhibitor [PPI], 1000 mg amoxicillin b.i.d., 500 mg clarithromycin b.i.d. [PAC]) to be 75% and the efficacy of the new protocol (10-day 120 mg bismuth dicitrate q.i.d., double dose PPI b.i.d., 500 mg tetracycline q.i.d. and 500 mg tinidazole b.i.d. [BQT]) to be 90%, we calculated 109 patients on each arm. Patients were recruited after upper gastrointestinal endoscopy from 5 endoscopic units in Vas county. The heterogeneity of groups, success rate and side effects of both therapies were evaluated by Fisher exact test; p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: 110 patients were included in the BQT and 109 patients in the PAC group. There was no heterogeneity between the two groups in age, gender and indication of eradication. H. p. eradication was successful in 103/110 (93.6%) in the BQT and 81/109 (74.3%) in the PAC group (p<0.001). The odds ratio in the BQT group for successful eradication was 5.05 (95% confidence interval: 2.02–14.42) as compared to the PAC group (p<0.001). The side effects of the two groups were similar, in the BQT group the frequency was 34.5%. Conclusion: 10 day-long BQT containing double dose PPI with 120 mg bismuth dicitrate q.i.d., 500 mg tetracycline q.i.d. and 500 mg tinidazole b.i.d. is recommended as the first-line treatment for the eradication of H. p. because of its high efficacy and tolerable side effects. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(34): 1340–1345.
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Berument, Hakan, and Mohamed Mehdi Jelassi. "The Fisher hypothesis: a multi-country analysis." Applied Economics 34, no. 13 (September 2002): 1645–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036840110115118.
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Smith, Alan R. "47th Saskatchewan Christmas Mammal Count - 2019." Blue Jay 78, no. 2 (August 25, 2020): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/bluejay6296.
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Haslouer, Stephen G., M. Steve Cringan, and James E. Fry. "New County Records for Fishes in Kansas." Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science (1903-) 90, no. 1/2 (April 1987): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3628117.
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BILODEAU, CHRISTOPHER. "Ninigret, Sachem of the Niantics and Narragansetts: Diplomacy, War, and the Balance of Power in Seventeenth-Century New England and Indian County. By Julie A. Fisher and David J. Silverman. Cornell University Press. 2014. xxiv + 190pp. $27.95." History 101, no. 347 (April 5, 2016): 637–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-229x.12190.
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Kennedy, James, Caroline M. F. Durif, Ann-Britt Florin, Alain Fréchet, Johanne Gauthier, Karin Hüssy, Sigurður Þór Jónsson, Halldór Gunnar Ólafsson, Søren Post, and Rasmus B. Hedeholm. "A brief history of lumpfishing, assessment, and management across the North Atlantic." ICES Journal of Marine Science 76, no. 1 (October 16, 2018): 181–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsy146.
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Abstract This report documents the fishery, assessment, and management of lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) across its distribution range. Targeting lumpfish for their roe on a large scale began in the 1950s in Iceland and Norway and then in Canada in the 1970s and Greenland in the 1990s. When the fishery began, there were few regulations, but limits on vessel size, mesh size, number of nets, and length of the fishing season were gradually implemented over time. Worldwide landings have varied from ca. 2000 to 8000 tonnes of roe between 1977 and 2016. Iceland and Canada accounted for >80% of the landings until 2000. After 2013, Greenland and Iceland accounted for >94%. All countries except Iceland show a decreasing trend in the number of boats participating in the fishery, which is related to several factors: the monetary value of the roe, changes in the abundance of lumpfish, and increasing age of artisanal fishers. Each country has a different combination of data available for assessment from basic landings and fishing effort data to more detailed fishery independent survey indices of abundance. The management of total catch also differs, with an effort-controlled fishery in Iceland and Canada, a total allowable catch (TAC) per boat in Norway, and TAC per area in Greenland. Population abundance is above management targets in Iceland and Norway, but the status is less clear in Greenland and around Denmark/Sweden and appears to be depleted around Canada. Certification by the Marine Stewardship Council was instrumental in the adoption of a management plan in Greenland; however, benefits to the fishers remain unclear. Aspects surrounding the biology of lumpfish, which is poorly understood and requires investigation, include growth rate, natural mortality, and population differentiation. In addition, there is concern about the potential impacts that the recent escalation in production of lumpfish for use as cleaner fish in the aquaculture industry could have on the wild population.
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Islam, T., M. R. Mia, E. A. Folorunso, M. P. Kabiraz, M. A. Masuda, N. C. Das, and S. Bhowmik. "Assessment of sensory and microbiological quality of five marketed fish species at Dhaka city in Bangladesh." Food Research 5, no. 4 (July 11, 2021): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.5(4).644.
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The study assessed the sensory quality and the bacterial condition in five nutritionally important fish species at Dhaka city in Bangladesh. Sensory defect points (DP) were analysed at in-situ conditions and microbiological attributes were conducted at laboratory condition. Sensory DP indicated fishes in retail markets (RM) were deteriorating and/or spoiled (DP >3 to <5) except live fishes. In super shops (SS), DP indicated excellent to good quality (DP >1 to <3) for all the fishes. The average total plate count (TPC) in the fishes from RM exceeds the permissible limit (PL) except for the fishes sold in live condition. A highly significant difference observed in the fishes sold in dead condition between RM and SS (p≤0.001). Correlation analysis revealed an insignificant relationship between sensory DP and TPC (p≥0.05) in the markets. The study recorded total coliform counts (TCC) was within the PL i.e., <100 MPN/g in both types of markets. Faecal coliform counts (FCC) were within the acceptable limit i.e., <10 MPN/g only in the fishes from super shops. Salmonella spp. and Vibrio cholerae was detected almost in all samples from retail markets while it was very less likely detected in SS. The study revealed that fish from both RM and SS is safe for human consumption but super shops possess better quality than retail markets.
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Woll, Astrid K., Gro I. van der Meeren, and Inge Fossen. "Spatial variation in abundance and catch composition of Cancer pagurus in Norwegian waters: biological reasoning and implications for assessment." ICES Journal of Marine Science 63, no. 3 (January 1, 2006): 421–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icesjms.2005.10.004.
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Abstract The edible crab (Cancer pagurus), which is abundant along the Norwegian coast north to Troms County, has been exploited in Norway since the start of the 20th century. The main fishery is in Mid-Norway and Helgeland (63°–67°N), which together land 75% of the Norwegian catch. The fishery is regulated by season, minimum legal size, and the discarding of soft or ovigerous females. Catches have never been systematically described, so this study presents data collected over 4 years by a reference fleet of professional fishers reporting the catch from four standardized trial traps set among their ordinary traps. Catch rate, catch composition, and size distribution from Mid-Norway/Helgeland are compared with the smaller crab fishery in Rogaland (59°N) and with new crab grounds off Vesterålen (69°N). Local variations in size and sex composition between and within region seemed partly to be caused by differences between exposed and sheltered regions, and between heavily and newly exploited grounds. Size distribution is used as an indicator to determine a suitable sampling strategy. The most efficient survey design is seemingly the collection of relatively small samples from many boats to reduce the between-vessel component of variation. A suggested strategy to obtain an abundance index would be to collect daily catch rates from all commercial landings.
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MARTILL, DAVID M. "Collecting fossil fishes in cowboy country." Geology Today 3, no. 2 (March 1987): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2451.1987.tb00843.x.
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Das, Simon Kumar, Wee Xiang Tou, Noorashikin Md Noor, Moumita De, and Abdullah Samat. "Length-Weight Relationship, Condition Factor, and Age Estimation of Commercially Important Trawl Species from Mersing Coastal Waters, Johor, Malaysia." Sains Malaysiana 50, no. 1 (January 31, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5001-01.
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Trawl fishing contributes to majority of the total fishes’ landings, supporting the choice of using age, growth determination, and condition factors (K) as part of the monitoring method for the fishes in Malaysia waters. This research specifically examines the use of age, length-weight relationship (LWR), and K to monitor the status of the commercially important fishes in Malaysia waters. LWR, K, and age of 10 commercially important trawl species (Gerres erythrourus, Drepane punctata, Otolithes ruber, Anodontostoma chacunda, Drepane longimana, Dendrophysa russelii, Sillago parvisquamis, Cynoglossus bilineatus, Sardinella brachysoma,and Alepes kleinii) from Mersing coastal waters, Johor, Malaysia, were studied. LWR (W=aLb) indicated positive allometric growth (b > 3) for G. erythrourus and D. punctata but negative allometric growth (b < 3) for the other species. Results indicated that the species collected were in good conditions (average K, Kn > 1) in Mersing coastal waters, Johor, Malaysia. The daily growth rings of scale counts confirmed that the ages of the 10 species were typically less than 1 year (age range: 50-170 days; mean age: 95 days). The data obtained from this study will be useful for understanding the population growth pattern, age, and well-being of commercially important trawl species, which will facilitate better management techniques of these important fishery resources.
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Odhone, Albert Ogoma, Ishmail Mahiri, and Francis Onsongo. "Assessing Gender Roles in Dagaa Fishery Value Chain among Fishing Communities on Lake Victoria, A Case Study of Lake Victoria Beaches In Siaya County, Kenya." International Journal of Current Aspects 4, no. 2 (September 8, 2020): 13–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.35942/ijcab.v4i2.124.
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Fisheries in the East Africa region have suffered due to less emphasis given to some fishery specifically Dagaa (Rastrineobolaargentea), whose quantity is the highest of all the species in the Lake Victoria. Despite the importance of this resource in Kenya, there has been a concern of gender parity and inequality in terms of roles played by both gender in harvesting, processing, trading and marketing in the Dagaa fishery. This study analyzed gender roles in Dagaa Fishery Value Chain among fishing communities around Lake Victoria in Bondo Sub County, in Siaya County, Kenya. The study addressed the following objectives: Identified the various roles of men and women in Dagaa Fishery Value Chain, discussed factors influencing gender roles in Dagaa Fishery Value Chain, analyzed the barriers to women’s participation in certain Dagaa Fishery Value Chain and examined the strategies to overcome challenges in gender roles in Dagaa fishery value chain in Bondo Sub-County, Siaya County. The study adopted a cross-sectional research design. This study was guided by two models; gender analysis framework model that was developed by Sarah Longwe and supply chain model. Purposive sampling technique was used to select Bondo Sub-County and fishing community in Bondo Sub-County; random sampling technique was used to select five (5) fish landing sites/beaches where quantitative data were collected from 186 out of the targeted 188 primary respondents, from among the forty-four beaches of Lake Victoria in Bondo Sub-County. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS Version 25, and descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages were used in presenting analyzed data. The results were presented using tables and charts. The study findings revealed that majority of the boats and fishing gears were owned by men, motorized boats belonged to men while a higher percentage of females still had the paddled boats. While men dominated the fishing of Dagaa, women dominated processing and trading of Dagaa in the beaches. The study noted that men made higher returns than their female counterparts at all levels of Dagaa fishery value chain. The study concluded that there is a still wide disparity among gender roles in Dagaa fishery value chain. Most of the activities in the value chain are still dominated by men. This study recommends that women be encouraged to take part in Dagaa fishery value chains, empowerment of women to take part in transportation and distribution of Dagaa and application of various strategies such as joining SACCOs to access loans at low interest rates, formation of groups for ease of access to credit services and weakening patriarchy to mitigate factors affecting Gender roles in Dagaa fishery value chains.
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Pathak, Surabhi, Marina Messinger, and Michael Russell Mullane. "RECIST 1.1 versus immune-related RECIST and immune-related response criteria in assessing response to nivolumab in patients with lung, renal, and head and neck cancers." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2017): e14609-e14609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e14609.
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e14609 Background: Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 is reported to underestimate response to immunotherapeutic drugs. Therefore, immune related RECIST (iRECIST) based on RECIST 1.1 and immune related response criteria (IRRC) based on WHO response criteria have been studied, mainly in patients with melanoma. Whether RECIST 1.1 underestimates responses in other cancers is not well known. Aim of the present study is to assess response rates to PDL-1 inhibitor Nivolumab in lung, renal and head and neck (H&N) cancers using RECIST 1.1, iRECIST and IRRC. Methods: We reviewed patients from 2012 to present with lung, renal, H&N cancers treated with Nivolumab at John h Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook County. Incomplete charts and those treated for less than 4 cycles of Nivolumab were excluded. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and Fisher exact test. Results: 47 charts were reviewed, 27 met the inclusion criteria. 17 lung (14 adeno, 3 squamous), 7 renal (5 clear cell) and 3 H&N cancer patients were included. Average age was 58.2yrs, 20(74%) were male. Average treatment was for 13 cycles. Response was assessed after at least 4 cycles. Disease control rate for lung, renal, head and neck cancer was 70%,58%, 33% respectively with RECIST 1.1 criteria compared to 77%, 71% and 66% respectively using immune RECIST or IRRC (P > 0.05). No patient developed pseudoprogression. Two had progressive disease per RECIST 1.1 but stable disease with iRECIST and IRRC. 26 of the 27 patients showed concordance between iRECIST and IRRC. One patient had stable disease per iRECIST but partial response per IRRC. Average survival after treatment initiation was 8.3 months for lung, 9.1 months for renal and 5.6 months for H&N cancer. Treatment was discontinued in 2 patients based on progression per RECIST 1.1, both patients had stable disease per iRECIST& IRRC. Conclusions: Trend towards underestimation of treatment response using RECIST 1.1 criteria compared to iRECIST or IRRC was observed. Strong concordance was observed between iRECIST and IRRC. Given relative ease of use, iRECIST might be favored over IRRC in response evaluation for immunotherapeutic drugs.
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Kulanujaree, Nipa, Krishna R. Salin, Pavarot Noranarttragoon, and Amararatne Yakupitiyage. "The Transition from Unregulated to Regulated Fishing in Thailand." Sustainability 12, no. 14 (July 20, 2020): 5841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12145841.
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Marine fishery is an economically important sector and the primary source of livelihood for coastal fishers in Thailand, but the open access harvesting system and overfishing have depleted fish stocks. The country should address both the issues to sustain a healthy marine fishery and protect the lucrative export market as well as to maintaining seafood self-sufficiency. This paper explains the on-going processes of implementing the measures of restricting the number and size of fishing vessels and fishing efforts to control fishing capacity. The marine resources in the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea are categorized into three separate species groups: (1) demersal, (2) pelagic, and (3) anchovies. The precautionary approach is used as the guiding principle, and maximum sustainable yield (MSY) of the three combined resource categories is used as a reference point in setting the total allowable catch (TAC) limits in this exercise. The number of fishing days per vessel per year is stipulated by issuing licenses based on the TAC size and total allowable effort (TAE). Both the advantages and disadvantages of the current fishing allocation system are discussed.
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Azmi, F. "Small Scale Fishers and Transformative Potential of Fisheries Policies in Cambodia, India, and Sri Lanka." Vidyodaya Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 06, no. 02 (July 1, 2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31357/fhss/vjhss.v06i02.01.
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This article emanated from a research that dealt with a cross-country research project on Gender, migration and fisheries in Asia - Cambodia, India and Sri Lanka. The project aimed at providing a critical understanding of changes taken place among the fishing communities in these countries within the context of depleting natural resources, social conflicts, climate change,technological changes and policy changes. The main aim of this article is to review and discuss current policy initiatives in fisheries in Cambodia, India and Sri Lanka to examine their transformative potential in addressing the issues of poverty and well-being among fishing communities. Using content analysis method, this paper focuses on the 2010-2019 and 2015-2024 Strategic Planning Frameworks in Fisheries of Cambodia, 2017-fishery policy in India and 2018-fishery policy in Sri Lanka to understand their transformative potentials. The analysis finds that the selected policies show tremendous transformative potentials in the areas of reducing poverty and improving the well-being of SSFs. Yet their capacity to make such transformation remains unclear. It calls for a comprehensive policy approach to address the issues of small-scale fishers who are the backbone of the fisheries livelihoods.
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Peña-Rehbein, Patricio, Karin Ruiz, Alexander Ortloff, María Isabel Pizarro, and Carolina Navarrete. "Hematological changes in Eleginops maclovinus during an experimental Caligus rogercresseyi infestation." Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária 22, no. 3 (September 2013): 402–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612013000300014.
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Eleginops maclovinus has been an important fishery resource in Chile since 1957. Caligus rogercresseyi is one of the most prevalent ectoparasite species found on E. maclovinus. Hematocrit, hemoglobin level, red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cell count (WBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and differential white blood cell count were determined before and after an experimental infestation withC. rogercresseyi. We found significant differences in the hemoglobin level, WBC, MCV, MCH, MCHC, hematocrit level and RBC between infested and uninfested fish. Furthermore correlations between number of C. rogercresseyi with hematocrit, MCHC, neutrophil, eosinophil and lymphocyte counts were found. Hematological reference ranges of E. maclovinus in captivity conditions were also established.
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Coppock, Lee, and Marc Poitras. "Evaluating the Fisher effect in long-term cross-country averages." International Review of Economics & Finance 9, no. 2 (June 2000): 181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1059-0560(99)00057-x.
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