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Journal articles on the topic 'Fishery management – Africa, Southern'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 18 February 2022

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1

Van Der Vyver, J. S. F., W. H. H. Sauer, N. J. McKeown, D. Yemane, P. W. Shaw, and M. R. Lipinski. "Phenotypic divergence despite high gene flow in chokka squid Loligo reynaudii (Cephalopoda: Loliginidae): implications for fishery management." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 96, no. 7 (December 9, 2015): 1507–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315415001794.

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The commercially important chokka squid Loligo reynaudii occurring in South African waters is currently managed on a single-unit stock hypothesis. We tested this assumption through a spatial comparison of the morphology throughout the distributional range of the species. Forty-three morphometric characters were measured from 1079 chokka collected off the south coast of South Africa, the west coast of South Africa, and southern Angola. While no significant differences were found in the hard body parts, results from classification analysis showed that though all four types of morphometric attributes (soft body parts, beaks, statoliths, sucker rings) resulted in some separation, the most consistent separation of samples from the three regions was based on soft body part morphometric characters. On average, though dependent on the model, the overall correct classification rate ranged from 0.68–0.99 for males and 0.7–0.99 for females in all three regions. Previous DNA analysis had revealed some genetic differences between west coast and south coast samples, suggesting the confluence of the cold Benguela and warm Agulhas current may act as the approximate point of a phenotypic and possible genetic breakpoint. Finer scale genetic analysis of samples collected across the Benguela–Agulhas confluence reported no significant genetic structuring in this area suggesting environmental heterogeneity and not restriction of genetic flow/isolation as the primary driver of the observed phenotypic divergence.

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2

Lombard, A. T., B. Reyers, L. Y. Schonegevel, J. Cooper, L. B. Smith-Adao, D. C. Nel, P. W. Froneman, et al. "Conserving pattern and process in the Southern Ocean: designing a Marine Protected Area for the Prince Edward Islands." Antarctic Science 19, no. 1 (February 28, 2007): 39–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102007000077.

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South Africa is currently proclaiming a Marine Protected Area (MPA) in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of its sub-Antarctic Prince Edward Islands. The objectives of the MPA are to: 1) contribute to a national and global representative system of MPAs, 2) serve as a scientific reference point to inform future management, 3) contribute to the recovery of the Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides), and 4) reduce the bird bycatch of the toothfish fishery, particularly of albatrosses and petrels. This study employs systematic conservation planning methods to delineate a MPA within the EEZ that will conserve biodiversity patterns and processes within sensible management boundaries, while minimizing conflict with the legal toothfish fishery. After collating all available distributional data on species, benthic habitats and ecosystem processes, we used C-Plan software to delineate a MPA with three management zones: four IUCN Category Ia reserves (13% of EEZ); two Conservation Zones (21% of EEZ); and three Category IV reserves (remainder of EEZ). Compromises between conservation target achievement and the area required by the MPA are apparent in the final reserve design. The proposed MPA boundaries are expected to change over time as new data become available and as impacts of climate change become more evident.

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3

Punt, A. "A comparison of fishery models with and without cannibalism with implications for the management of the Cape hake resource off southern Africa." ICES Journal of Marine Science 51, no. 1 (February 1994): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmsc.1994.1003.

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4

Dahlet, Lol I., Nicola Downey-Breedt, Gabriel Arce, Warwick H. H. Sauer, and Maria A. Gasalla. "Comparative study of skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis (Scombridae) fishery stocks from the South Atlantic and western Indian oceans." Scientia Marina 83, no. 1 (March 26, 2019): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04804.22c.

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The skipjack tuna, Katsuwonus pelamis, inhabits tropical and subtropical oceans the world over, and contributes substantially to total tuna catches. Both fishing pressure and anthropic influences affect skipjack populations, impacting on economic returns and investment. The present study analyses and compares spatial time series of catch and catch per unit effort (CPUE), of pole-and-line fishing of skipjack tuna from Brazil, South Africa and the Maldives. Both regional and inter-regional analyses were conducted for the period 1970-2014 in order to ultimately investigate potential associations between these fisheries, climatic conditions and the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Correlation tests and spatial mapping tools were used. From 2004 to 2011, South African skipjack catches correlated positively with Brazilian ones and negatively with Maldivians. CPUEs from the Brazilian and Maldivian skipjack fisheries showed a significant positive correlation in the period 1982-1993. Yearly catches from all regions were strongly associated with the Northern Oscillation Index (p < 0.001), an ENSO index. This study reflects an effort to articulate an inter-regional appraisal of skipjack pole-and-line fisheries embedded in the context of a globally changing climate, in the face of which emerging economies are the most vulnerable. Evidence of common patterns influencing these fisheries should encourage international South-South cooperative management and understanding of the resource.

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McGlue, M. M., S. J. Ivory, J. R. Stone, A. S. Cohen, T. M. Kamulali, J. C. Latimer, M. A. Brannon, I. A. Kimirei, and M. J. Soreghan. "Solar irradiance and ENSO affect food security in Lake Tanganyika, a major African inland fishery." Science Advances 6, no. 41 (October 2020): eabb2191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb2191.

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Food security in a warming world is a grave concern for rapidly growing impoverished populations. Low-latitude inland fisheries provide protein for millions of rural poor, yet the impacts of high-frequency climate oscillations on these aquatic ecosystems are unknown. Here, we present a sub-annual–to–annual resolution paleolimnological reconstruction of upwelling, productivity, and algal composition at Lake Tanganyika, one of Africa’s largest landlocked fisheries. The data reveal increases in diatom production at centennial-scale solar irradiance maxima, and interannual variability in upwelling linked to La Niña. Our study shows that interactions between global climatic controls and El Niño–Southern Oscillation teleconnections exert profound influences on the foundation of Lake Tanganyika’s food web. Adapting long-term management practices to account for high-frequency changes in algal production will help safeguard inland fish resources.

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6

MCCLANAHAN, T. R., H. GLAESEL, J. RUBENS, and R. KIAMBO. "The effects of traditional fisheries management on fisheries yields and the coral-reef ecosystems of southern Kenya." Environmental Conservation 24, no. 2 (June 1997): 105–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892997000179.

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Many traditions of coastal peoples may be viewed as traditional forms of marine conservation because, like modern fisheries management, they restrict fishing gear, fishing times, and places, but their effects are little studied in practice. A study was undertaken of human culture and fisheries resources in an area of southern Kenya, designated as a national marine reserve, to determine the effect of the existing 'traditional management' on fisheries yields and on the ecological condition of the fished reefs. This area has one of the oldest and most elaborate cultural traditions concerning sacred sites and rituals of sacrifice along the Kenyan coast. The purpose of the customs is, however, to appease spirits rather than to regulate fish stocks which are traditionally seen to fluctuate independently of fishing effort. Many of these traditions have decayed in recent times as Islamization of the culture has occurred, and authority has shifted towards national organizations, weakening the effectiveness of the traditional leaders. Coincidentally, fishers have adopted new or foreign gear, colleagues, and traditions. Two adjacent landing sites (Mvuleni and Mwanyaza) have, however, successfully stopped pull seiners from landing their catch at their sites for over 20 years through passive means. Other landing sites have adopted pull seining. Both landing areas use arguments based on tradition to justify their use of gear. The two landings that restrict pull seining have higher per capita fish catches than those that do not. Nonetheless, there were no obvious differences in the ecological condition of the reefs at these two management areas; both areas were amongst the most degraded reefs reported in East Africa. Biological diversity and coral cover were reduced greatly in all these areas compared to other fished or fully-protected marine park or reserve sites established by the national government. Presently, traditional management is not effective in protecting species diversity or ecological functions, which was probably never the intention of the customs. The conflict between national organizations and local fishers arises because some resource users are concerned that the management proposed by the national organizations will eventually lead to the total loss of access to, and control of the resource by local fishers. There is, therefore, a need to resolve conflicts concerning gear use and regulation, and a need to increase awareness of the expectations and management programmes among the national and local organizations. Many of the traditional forms of management are compatible with the policies of national organizations, but confusion and conflict occur concerning enforcement and its benefits. To solve these conflicts discussions are required between traditional and national fisheries leaders to develop mutually-acceptable policies that augment and share the power of management.

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7

Degnbol, Poul. "Indicators as a means of communicating knowledge." ICES Journal of Marine Science 62, no. 3 (January 1, 2005): 606–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icesjms.2004.12.007.

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Abstract Indicators represent the link between objectives and action in management. The identification of ecosystem indicators must therefore be embedded in the decision-making process. Fisheries management can only be effective if the measures are considered legitimate by stakeholders. The choice of indicators to guide management should not be evaluated from a technical perspective alone, but also in relation to their effectiveness in communicating knowledge. More specifically, indicators should serve as a communication bridge between different knowledge discourses. Reference is often made to “local ecological knowledge” as a source that should be integrated in the process for management to be legitimate. However, while extensive studies have been made on local ecological knowledge per se, few have addressed the issue of its integration into co-management institutions with research-based knowledge. The challenge is consequently to identify indicators that have both research-based validity and reflect features that correspond to stakeholder knowledge, while relating to shared understandings of objectives and actions. This challenge is discussed from a developing-countries perspective. Problems and possible ways forward are illustrated on the basis of experiences from a range of case studies of knowledge discourses regarding living aquatic resources in southeast Asia and southern Africa. The studies have shown that the different knowledge discourses, and candidate indicators therein, relating to a specific ecosystem may be identified and characterized. Often, however, such indicators will have very little in common across knowledge discourses, and the differences cannot be overcome through a simple translation process. The perspectives of formal research-based knowledge and of fishers differ systemically, reflecting the different interests and scales of observation between the two parties. Also, fishers focus on a wider agenda than research alone, on allocation problems and conflicts among users. Allocation/access issues must therefore be addressed as an integral aspect of an ecosystem approach if management is to be effective.

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8

Petersen, SL, MB Honig, PG Ryan, R. Nel, and LG Underhill. "Turtle bycatch in the pelagic longline fishery off southern Africa." African Journal of Marine Science 31, no. 1 (April 2009): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/ajms.2009.31.1.8.779.

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9

Petersen, S. L., M. B. Honig, P. G. Ryan, and L. G. Underhill. "Seabird bycatch in the pelagic longline fishery off southern Africa." African Journal of Marine Science 31, no. 2 (August 1, 2009): 191–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/ajms.2009.31.2.7.879.

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10

Petersen, S. L., M. B. Honig, P. G. Ryan, L. G. Underhill, and M. Goren. "Seabird bycatch in the demersal longline fishery off southern Africa." African Journal of Marine Science 31, no. 2 (August 1, 2009): 205–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/ajms.2009.31.2.8.880.

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11

Punt, André E., Terence I. Walker, and Jeremy D. Prince. "Assessing the management-related benefits of fixed-station fishery-independent surveys in Australia’s Southern Shark Fishery." Fisheries Research 55, no. 1-3 (March 2002): 281–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-7836(01)00276-4.

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12

Petersen, S. L., M. B. Honig, P. G. Ryan, L. G. Underhill, and L. JV Compagno. "Pelagic shark bycatch in the tuna- and swordfish-directed longline fishery off southern Africa." African Journal of Marine Science 31, no. 2 (August 1, 2009): 215–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/ajms.2009.31.2.9.881.

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13

NAKAI, TADAOMI. "Management of fishery resources for groupers (Serranidae) in Okinawa, southern Japan." Fisheries science 68, sup1 (2002): 431–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2331/fishsci.68.sup1_431.

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14

Dolores Garza-Gil, M., Manuel M. Varela-Lafuente, and Juan C. Surı́s-Regueiro. "European hake fishery bioeconomic management (southern stock) applying an effort tax." Fisheries Research 60, no. 2-3 (February 2003): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-7836(02)00175-3.

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15

Sukati, Nonhlanhla A., Sibongile C. Mndebele, Elsie T'sepiso Makoa, Tendani Sara Ramukumba, Lucy Nthabiseng Makoae, Naomi Mmapelo Seboni, Sarie Human, and William L. Holzemer. "HIV/AIDS Symptom Management in Southern Africa." Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 29, no. 2 (February 2005): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2004.05.007.

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16

Tumbare, M. J. "Management of shared watercourses in southern Africa." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Water Management 158, no. 4 (December 2005): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/wama.2005.158.4.151.

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17

De Cauwer, Vera, Nichola Knox, Rosemary Kobue-Lekalake, Joyce P. Lepetu, Matenanga Ompelege, Sasha Naidoo, Amber Nott, et al. "Woodland resources and management in southern Africa." Biodiversity & Ecology 6 (April 14, 2018): 296–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.7809/b-e.00337.

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18

Nunoo, F. K. E. "Achieving sustainable fisheries management: A critical look at traditional fisheries management in the marine artisanal fisheries of Ghana, West Africa." Journal of Energy and Natural Resource Management 2, no. 1 (February 21, 2018): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.26796/jenrm.v2i0.40.

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Sustaining fishery resources is crucial to the survival and wealth of artisanal fishers in Ghana. The artisanal fisheries sector ofGhana provides food, employment, livelihood support and socio-economic benefits to the Ghanaian economy. Fishery resourcesof Ghana are under stress from population pressure, increasing demand of fish and fishery products and open-access regime.Formal fisheries management practices have not yielded the desired results. There is an increasing need for traditional fisheriespractices to be incorporated into formal fisheries management practices. The aim of this paper is to conduct an in-depth studyon traditional marine fisheries management systems in Ghana in order to provide information to enhance the management of theartisanal fisheries.Data was collected through document analysis (between May 2014 and January 2015), field observation andquestionnaire-based interview (between 26th and 30th of July 2014). Results show that the Chief Fisherman and CommunityBased Fisheries Management Committee are important structures in the fisheries management system of Ghana. The ChiefFisherman is the person that leads resolution of disputes and gives access to fishing in the communities. There are a number ofmeasures such as non-fishing days, ban on landing certain fish species during festival periods to prevent overfishing. Taboos andcultural practices such as performing of rituals to ‘sea gods’ and consulting of oracles during certain periods of the year help tomanage the fish stocks. With respect to the performance of the fishing communities, Elmina performed better with combinationof various traditional practices to prevent overfishing. Fishers in Elmina also had adequate knowledge of current fishing rulesand regulations than fishers in Adina, Chorkor and Dixcove. Fishers and fishing communities must be educated on the need toavoid unapproved fishing practices to help keep the fishery resources healthy for sustainable exploitation. Fishers should also beequipped with alternative livelihood jobs in order to reduce the pressure on the fishery resources. A national policy to integratetraditional management practices into formal fisheries management plans should be established.

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19

Epprecht, Marc, Jonathan Crush, Charles Ambler, Alan H. Jeeves, and Jonathan Crush. "Labour in Southern Africa." Labour / Le Travail 41 (1998): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25144233.

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20

Hagan, Philip, and Gary Henry. "Potential Effects of Differing Management Programs on the Southern Bluefin Tuna Fishery." Marine Resource Economics 3, no. 4 (January 1986): 353–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/mre.3.4.42628970.

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21

Polacheck, T. "An initial evaluation of management strategies for the southern bluefin tuna fishery." ICES Journal of Marine Science 56, no. 6 (December 1999): 811–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmsc.1999.0554.

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22

Napier, V. R., J. K. Turpie, and B. M. Clark. "Value and management of the subsistence fishery at Knysna Estuary, South Africa." African Journal of Marine Science 31, no. 3 (December 2009): 297–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/ajms.2009.31.3.3.991.

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23

Versfeld, D. B. "Participatory catchment management — an opportunity for Southern Africa." Water Science and Technology 32, no. 5-6 (September 1, 1995): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0585.

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South Africa has hundreds of thousands of hectares of heavily populated and badly degraded landscapes. Past attempts at land management have been either through avoidance or the top-down imposition of “betterment” schemes. Participatory methods offer a new opportunity for communities living within these catchments to share their knowledge and to become involved in planning and implementing the management process. This paper discusses the use of Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) in a catchment rehabilitation programme in rural KwaZulu/Natal, the lessons learnt and the prospects for wider application.

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24

Pottie, David. "Electoral management and democratic governance in Southern Africa." Politikon 28, no. 2 (November 2001): 133–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02589340120091628.

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25

Kwaramba, Alice. "Engendering management of water resources in Southern Africa." Review of African Political Economy 28, no. 89 (September 2001): 478–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03056240108704557.

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26

Trollope, W. S. W., Lynne A. Trollope, and O. J. H. Bosch. "Veld and pasture management terminology in southern Africa." Journal of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa 7, no. 1 (March 1990): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02566702.1990.9648205.

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27

Tumbare, Michael James. "Infrastructure for Water Resource Management in Southern Africa." Journal of Infrastructure Development 7, no. 2 (December 2015): 116–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0974930615611574.

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28

Plagányi, Éva E., Scarla J. Weeks, Tim D. Skewes, Mark T. Gibbs, Elvira S. Poloczanska, Ana Norman-López, Laura K. Blamey, Muri Soares, and William M. L. Robinson. "Assessing the adequacy of current fisheries management under changing climate: a southern synopsis." ICES Journal of Marine Science 68, no. 6 (May 12, 2011): 1305–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsr049.

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Abstract Plagányi, É. E., Weeks, J. S., Skewes, T. D., Gibbs, M. T., Poloczanska, E. S., Norman-López, A., Blamey, L. K., Soares, M., and Robinson, W. M. L. 2011. Assessing the adequacy of current fisheries management under changing climate: a southern synopsis. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 1305–1317. Climate change is likely to have a significant impact on both target and non-target marine stocks worldwide, with the concomitant need for management strategies capable of sustaining fishing in future. We use several southern hemisphere fisheries to highlight the likely impacts of climate change at a range of levels, from individual to population responses, as well as ecosystem ramifications. Examples span polar (Antarctic krill fishery), temperate (west coast pelagic fishery, abalone and rock lobster), and tropical (Torres Strait rock lobster) commercially important fisheries. Responses of these fisheries to either past observed environmental changes or projected future changes are used to deduce some anticipated implications of climate change for fisheries management, including economic impacts and governance considerations. We evaluate the effectiveness of current single-species assessment models, management strategy evaluation approaches and multispecies assessment models as future management tools to cope with likely climate-related changes. Non-spatial stock assessment models will have limited ability to separate fishery effects from the impacts of climate change. Anthropogenic climate change is occurring at a time-scale relevant to current fisheries management strategic planning and testing. Adaptive management frameworks (with their feedback loops) are ideal for detecting and adapting to changes in target stocks.

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29

Mejía-Ruíz, Paulina, Ricardo Perez-Enriquez, Jorge Alberto Mares-Mayagoitia, and Fausto Valenzuela-Quiñonez. "Population genomics reveals a mismatch between management and biological units in green abalone (Haliotis fulgens)." PeerJ 8 (August 19, 2020): e9722. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9722.

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Effective fishery management strategies should be based on stock delimitation and knowledge of the spatial scale at which species are distributed. However, a mismatch often occurs between biological and management units of fishery resources. The green abalone (Haliotis fulgens) supports an important artisanal fishery in the west coast of the Baja California Peninsula (BCP), Mexico, which has shown a declining tendency despite the several management measures. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize the spatial patterns of neutral genomic variation of green abalone along the BCP to test whether the genomic structure patterns support the current green abalone management areas. To test this hypothesis, a set of 2,170 putative neutral single nucleotide polymorphisms discovered by a double digest restriction-site associated DNA approach was used on 10 locations along the BCP. The results revealed a population structure with three putative groups: Guadalupe Island and northern and southern BCP locations. The contemporary gene flow might be explained by local oceanographic features, where it is bidirectional within the southern region but with a predominant southward flow from the northern region. These findings indicated that the administrative areas did not match the biological units of H. fulgens fishery; hence, the stock assessment and management areas should be revised.

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Kennedy, John O. S., and James W. Watkins. "Time-Dependent Quotas for the Southern Bluefin Tuna Fishery." Marine Resource Economics 2, no. 4 (January 1986): 293–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/mre.2.4.42628907.

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31

Díaz Vega, Juan Pablo, and Yarela Flores Arévalo. "Evaluating marine reserves as a management policy in the central-southern anchovy (Engraulis ringens) fishery of Chile." Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research 49, no. 2 (May 3, 2021): 212–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3856/vol49-issue2-fulltext-2614.

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The anchovy (Engraulis ringens) fishery in central-southern Chile, like many fisheries worldwide, is overexploitation mainly due to poor and short-term management by fishing authorities and communities. This study proposes and evaluates marine reserves as a possible tool to apply since there is a current marine reserve law in Chile. The study's methodology is the simulation of a bioeconomic model that includes two areas: one is the protected, and the other is the artisanal fishing, in which the protected area transfers biomass to the artisanal fishing area. The reserve is incorporated as a decision variable in the management of this resource. It is determined as a percentage of protection of the total fish population related to fishing effort, which quantifies and evaluates the impact of protecting a stock of parental fish on the fishery's sustainability. Biomass data used is from 2000-2006, during which the anchovy fishery was fully exploited. The carrying capacity and intrinsic growth rate are estimated, and biomass is projected at different protection and effort levels. Results show that if a marine reserve with a protection level of 30% had been applied as a management policy in the anchovy fishery of central-southern Chile in the early 2000s, the fishing activity would be in a state of full exploitation rather than overexploitation as it is today. This model's fundamental contribution is that it makes possible fishery evaluation with real data from the same fishing activity.

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32

CROXALL, J. P., and S. NICOL. "Management of Southern Ocean fisheries: global forces and future sustainability." Antarctic Science 16, no. 4 (November 30, 2004): 569–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102004002330.

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The marine resources of the Antarctic region are of global significance. In managing Southern Ocean marine resources, especially fisheries, the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) has adopted principles that aim: to balance harvesting and conservation; to protect the needs of dependent species, and to avoid changes that are irreversible in 20–30 years. CCAMLR has pioneered ecosystem approaches to fishery and environmental management, through the incorporation of precaution and uncertainty into its management procedures and by establishing an ecosystem monitoring programme using indicator species and processes. This pioneering application of precautionary and ecosystem approaches in the management of harvesting has met with some success, notably in applying conservative yield models for toothfish and krill stocks and in establishing strict rules for undertaking new and exploratory fisheries. However, toothfish management has been recently compromised by Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing which is driven by forces outside the Southern Ocean. Southern Ocean harvestable resources are also subject to other global forces such as environmental changes, and their management systems remain very vulnerable to rapid shifts in worldwide fishery economics, and to inadequate management in adjacent areas, particularly high seas. CCAMLR needs quickly to develop the basis of more flexible and effective management to cater for rapid shifts in capacity and demand. The complementary task, however, is to raise the management standard of other Regional Fisheries Management Organisations (RFMOs) to those of CCAMLR if global high seas marine resources are to be sustainable for the rest of this century.

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33

Devine, Derry. "Marine developments in southern africa." Ocean & Coastal Management 19, no. 1 (January 1993): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0964-5691(93)90079-e.

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Devine, D. J. "Marine developments in Southern Africa." Ocean & Coastal Management 22, no. 1 (January 1994): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0964-5691(94)90084-1.

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35

Campbell, D., T. Battaglene, and W. Shafron. "Economics of resource conservation in a commercial shark fishery." Marine and Freshwater Research 43, no. 1 (1992): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9920251.

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In 1988, a management plan was introduced into the southern shark fishery in response to concerns over the depressed state of shark stocks. Compared with stocks in the 1970s, stocks in 1986 were estimated to have been fished down by 60-90%. The management plan was introduced with the intention of protecting shark stocks and, in the longer term, allowing them to recover to previous numbers. The plant was based on restrictions on the number of boats and on the amount of gill-netting that could be used in the fishery (McGregor 1988). These and subsequent management controls have not only protected shark stocks but also affected the use of labour and other scarce resources for catching shark. The purpose of this paper is to show, through an examination of the Australian southern shark fishery, how management can be used to conserve shark stocks and address wider issues of resource use.

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36

Golebie, Elizabeth J., Craig A. Miller, and Sergiusz J. Czesny. "Heterogeneity of salmonid anglers in the southern Lake Michigan fishery." Human Dimensions of Wildlife 25, no. 2 (November 28, 2019): 171–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10871209.2020.1698080.

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37

Semba, Yasuko, Kotaro Yokawa, Hiroaki Matsunaga, and Hiroshi Shono. "Distribution and trend in abundance of the porbeagle (Lamna nasus) in the southern hemisphere." Marine and Freshwater Research 64, no. 6 (2013): 518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf12272.

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Knowledge of a species’ distribution is an important element in its effective management and conservation. The porbeagle (Lamna nasus) is a common by-catch shark in the tuna longline fishery in the southern hemisphere, but its distribution and abundance are largely unknown. The investigation of observer data from the tuna longline fishery and other fishery survey data has revealed that (1) porbeagles are distributed in the pelagic waters across the oceans of the southern hemisphere, (2) juveniles and adults are distributed in cooler environments than are neonates, (3) pregnant females occur in the pelagic waters of the Indian Ocean and the Tasman Sea, most being frequently recorded around the Cape of Good Hope between June and July and (4) the standardised catch per unit effort (CPUE) based on tuna longline fishery (1994–2011) and driftnet survey (1982–1990) data indicate no continuous decreasing trend in the abundance of the southern porbeagle, contrary to the declining trend reported in a limited region in the South Atlantic. Considering its circumglobal distribution, stock status of this population should be assessed using information from the areas of its major distribution, including pelagic waters, and international coordination across oceans is necessary for the effective management of this population.

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Nicol, Stephen. "CCAMLR and its approaches to management of the krill fishery." Polar Record 27, no. 162 (July 1991): 229–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400012626.

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AbstractThe Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic MarineLiving Resources has met annually since 1982, with the task of implementing the Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources; the treaty which was designed to manage rationally the exploitation of resources in the Southern Ocean. The central resource of the region is Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba Dana) and despite nine years of meetings the Commission has yet to adopt any conservation measures to protect krill. This article examines the published work of the Commission, seeking to determine how the Commission has dealt with the krill fishery and why it has not yet developed a krill management plan.

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Grant, Susie M., Simeon L. Hill, Philip N. Trathan, and Eugene J. Murphy. "Ecosystem services of the Southern Ocean: trade-offs in decision-making." Antarctic Science 25, no. 5 (June 12, 2013): 603–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102013000308.

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AbstractEcosystem services are the benefits that mankind obtains from natural ecosystems. Here we identify the key services provided by the Southern Ocean. These include provisioning of fishery products, nutrient cycling, climate regulation and the maintenance of biodiversity, with associated cultural and aesthetic benefits. Potential catch limits for Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba Dana) alone are equivalent to 11% of current global marine fisheries landings. We also examine the extent to which decision-making within the Antarctic Treaty System (ATS) considers trade-offs between ecosystem services, using the management of the Antarctic krill fishery as a case study. Management of this fishery considers a three-way trade-off between fisheries performance, the status of the krill stock and that of predator populations. However, there is a paucity of information on how well these components represent other ecosystem services that might be degraded as a result of fishing. There is also a lack of information on how beneficiaries value these ecosystem services. A formal ecosystem assessment would help to address these knowledge gaps. It could also help to harmonize decision-making across the ATS and promote global recognition of Southern Ocean ecosystem services by providing a standard inventory of the relevant ecosystem services and their value to beneficiaries.

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Briton, Florence, Olivier Thébaud, Claire Macher, Caleb Gardner, and Lorne Richard Little. "Flexibility of joint production in mixed fisheries and implications for management." ICES Journal of Marine Science 78, no. 5 (April 14, 2021): 1599–613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsab057.

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Abstract Over the past decade, efforts have been made to factor technical interactions into management recommendations for mixed fisheries. Yet, the dynamics underlying joint production in mixed fisheries are generally poorly captured in operational mixed fisheries models supporting total allowable catch advice. Using an integrated ecological–economic simulation model, we explore the extent to which fishers are likely to alter the species composition of their landings in a mixed fishery managed with individual transferable quotas, the Australian Southern and Eastern Scalefish and Shark Fishery. Our simulations capture three different types of joint production problems, highlighting the flexibility that exists in terms of achievable catch compositions when quota markets provide the economic incentives to adapt fishing practices to quota availability. These results highlight the importance of capturing the drivers of fishing choices when advising TAC decisions in mixed fisheries. We also identify a hierarchy of species in this fishery, with harvest targets set for primary commercial species determining most of its socio-economic performance.

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Braune, Eberhard, and Yongxin Xu. "Groundwater management issues in Southern Africa – An IWRM perspective." Water SA 34, no. 6 (February 19, 2019): 699. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/wsa.v34i6.183672.

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Nengomasha, Cathrine. "E-records management and e-government in Southern Africa." Comma 2012, no. 1 (January 2012): 95–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/comma.2012.1.09.

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Karl, Mauder. "Famine and Food Crisis Management Report on Southern Africa." GeoJournal 14, no. 1 (January 1987): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02484708.

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Alexander, K. A., J. W. McNutt, M. B. Briggs, P. E. Standers, P. Funston, G. Hemson, D. Keet, and M. van Vuuren. "Multi-host pathogens and carnivore management in southern Africa." Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 33, no. 3 (May 2010): 249–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cimid.2008.10.005.

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Holland, Daniel S., Nokome Bentley, and Philippe Lallemand. "A bioeconomic analysis of management strategies for rebuilding and maintenance of the NSS rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii) stock in southern New Zealand." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 62, no. 7 (July 1, 2005): 1553–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f05-059.

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We evaluated alternative management strategies for the Otago and Southland rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii) fisheries in New Zealand. We compare a number of decision-rule-based management strategies and assess amalgamation of the two separate quota management areas that currently comprise the fishery. The analysis combines a spatial sex- and length-structured simulation model of the fishery with an economic module that converts catches and effort into revenues and costs. We compare performance of alternative management strategies using a variety of biological and economic performance indicators relevant to a range of management objectives identified by stakeholders. The results demonstrate the importance of modelling economic performance, since the relative performance of different management strategies differ when considering catch versus net revenues. The analysis also reveals important distributional issues, since some strategies that increase the overall value of the fishery create both winners and losers.

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Wlokas, H. L. "The impacts of climate change on food security and health in Southern Africa." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 19, no. 4 (November 1, 2008): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2008/v19i4a3334.

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Climate change will have a great impact on Southern Africa according to the IPCC. Two closely related topics, food security and health will be affected by the changes in many ways. Difficulties in transporting food through carbon regulations in air-freight, changing conditions for growing food crops and negative impacts on fishery might occur and will very possible lead to an increase in malnutrition in the region. Changes of the climate will also have an effect on the way illnesses are transmitted and cause a number of extreme weather events which can have an extremely damaging consequence on human living. Two main efforts are being work on in terms of dealing with these concerns. At the inter-national, regional and national levels, adaptation and mitigation action is being planned and imple-mented. Activities at each level are discussed and I argue this in this paper that currently the most effi-cient way of dealing with the existing and future burdens of climate change impacts are activities at a national level, and enhanced effort has to be made to improve regional and international collaboration in addressing these issues.

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Rizzari, Justin R., and Caleb Gardner. "Supply risk of bait in Australia's Southern Rock Lobster Fishery." Marine Policy 108 (October 2019): 103659. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2019.103659.

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Rose, George A., and Sherrylynn Rowe. "Evidence of near year-around spawning in Atlantic cod off southern Newfoundland: implications for management." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 77, no. 12 (December 2020): 1969–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2020-0206.

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Management of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) off southern Newfoundland (Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization (NAFO) Subdivision 3Ps) entails allocated quotas and restrictions on fishing during late winter and springtime to protect presumed spawning aggregations. We present data collected from research trawls and handlines (1995–2014) indicating spawning inshore may occur near year-around with limited resting from December to February and with more contracted spring spawning possible offshore. A mixed general linear model with binomial error, using year as a random factor, recognized month and length as significant impacts on proportions of females spawning, but not gear or inshore–offshore location. Composite data indicated that females in spawning condition may be present inshore (∼10%–20% of adult females) from March to October. During 1997–1999, with 8–9 months sampled each year, protracted annual spawning schedules and interannual variability were evident. At present, the fishery primarily employs gillnets inshore and otter trawls offshore, with spring spawning closures offering only partial and inconsistent protection. Behavioural interference might be reduced by employing less intrusive longlines, as historically practiced in this fishery.

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Roberts, M. J., and W. H. H. Sauer. "Environment: the key to understanding the South African chokka squid (Loligo vulgaris reynaudii) life cycle and fishery?" Antarctic Science 6, no. 2 (June 1994): 249–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102094000386.

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This paper explores effects of environmental variability on the life cycle of the chokka squid, Loligo vulgaris reynaudii in South Africa, particularly the effect of physical and chemical influences on adult distribution, and the availability of spawning aggregations to the local jig fishery. The following hypotheses are presented: 1) temperature, dissolved oxygen and currents have a direct effect on the demersal distribution of adult chokka on the feeding grounds, but this is restricted to the west coast where environmental conditions are more extreme relative to the south coast, 2) chokka catches increase in proportion to the extent of coastal upwelling, 3) spawning behavior along the inshore regions (<50m) is strongly influenced by turbidity near the seabed. High turbidity forces the spawning popuation to lay their eggs in deeper waters, and are thus not available to the jig fishery. 4) El Niño – Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events are linked with large fluctuations in the availability of spawning squid aggregations to the inshore jig fishery.

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Dickens, C. "Managing aquatic ecosystems in Southern Africa." Aquatic Ecosystem Health and Management 1, no. 2 (1998): v—vi. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1463-4988(98)00033-5.

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