Academic literature on the topic 'Five-point Likert scale analysis'
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Journal articles on the topic "Five-point Likert scale analysis"
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Armstrong, Robert L. "The Midpoint on a Five-Point Likert-Type Scale." Perceptual and Motor Skills 64, no. 2 (1987): 359–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1987.64.2.359.
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Previous studies on the points of the Likert-scale format have not addressed the question of the effect on the score resulting from the use of “neutral” or “undecided” as the midpoint of a five-point scale. The present study addressed this topic with a scale on attitude toward the school board, using 389 undergraduate and 190 graduate students in education, the latter having at least one year of teaching experience, in seven geographically separated universities in the United States. The two formats of the scale were identical (strongly agree to strongly disagree) except that one scale midpoint was designated “undecided” and the midpoint of the other scale was designated as “neutral” with “undecided” as a no-answer alternative. Analysis showed differences were negligible and little if any erosion of score appears to result.
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Popović, Kristijan. "Factor Structure of the Intercultural Sensitivity Scale." Društvene i humanističke studije (Online), no. 1(14) (February 4, 2021): 185–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.51558/2490-3647.2021.6.1.185.
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The aim of this study was to determine the factor structure of Chen and Starost’s self-descriptive scale of intercultural sensitivity. The applied scale was based on the self-assessments of 24attitudes with a five-point Likert scale. A group examination was performed on 621 students in the final grades of primary school. Factor analysis isolated five factors that include students’ intercultural sensitivity: interaction enjoyment, interaction confidence, interaction attentiveness, respect of cultural differences, and interaction engagement. The scale is solidly represented by the main components that explain the variance with 49.18% of the examined phenomenon. The reliability coefficient of the scale on our sample is acceptable and amounts to α=0.820. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin sample adequacy index had an index value of K=0.85, and the Bartlett sphericity test was statistically significant χ2=3684,968;df=276; p <.000. The analysis of results showed the need for further improvement of the scale, and the research certainly represents a modest standardization to the validation of the intercultural sensitivity scale, and we point out the applicability and usefulness of Chen and Starost intercultural sensitivity scale on different samples.
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Drasgow, Fritz, Oleksandr S. Chernyshenko, and Stephen Stark. "75 Years After Likert: Thurstone Was Right!" Industrial and Organizational Psychology 3, no. 4 (2010): 465–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1754-9434.2010.01273.x.
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For over three-quarters of a century researchers and practitioners have analyzed rating scale data using methods that assume a dominance response process wherein an individual high on the trait assessed is assumed to answer positively with high probability. This approach derives from Likert's famous 1932 approach to the development and analysis of rating scales. In this paper, we argue that Likert scaling and related methods are misguided. Instead, we propose that methods that have evolved from Thurstone (1927, 1928, 1929) scaling provide a better representation of the choice process underlying rating scale judgments. These methods hypothesize an ideal point response process where the probability of endorsement is assumed to be directly related to the proximity of the statement to the individual's standing on the assessed trait. We review some research showing the superiority of ideal point methods for personality assessment and then describe several settings in which ideal point methods should provide tangible improvements over traditional approaches to assessment.
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Sandjaja, Stefanus Soejanto, Yuda Syahputra, and Lira Erwinda. "Validasi skala penilaian instrumen perencanaan karier menggunakan Andrich Threshold." Persona:Jurnal Psikologi Indonesia 9, no. 1 (2020): 105–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.30996/persona.v9i1.3310.
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AbstractSuccess in a career is synonymous with the welfare of an individual's life, which needs further handling from the counselor. In determining and preparing for a future career, counselors should use a valid and reliable inventory. However, inventory that is considered valid and reliable by the counselor still raises problems in administration, namely students are confused in setting the response point in the inventory. The purpose of this study is to find a clear and unambiguous rating scale to make it easier for students to set a response point in their inventory. The research sample uses area random sampling consisting of six groups of test subjects, namely: 1, n = 75; 2, n = 61; 3, n = 47; 4, n = 146; 5, n = 85; and 6, n = 63. Data in this study were 5-point Likert scale political data collected using career planning inventory. The research data were analyzed using the Rasch model by testing the rating scale analysis through Threshold analysis between ratings. The results showed the rating scale in the Threshold analysis, the rating scale changed to a four-point Likert scale with a choice of very inappropriate, not appropriate, appropriate, and very appropriate.Keywords: Career Planning; Likert Scale; Ratting Scale; Threshold AbstrakSukses dalam karier identik dengan kesejahteraan hidup individu, yang perlu penanganan lebih lanjut dari konselor. Dalam menentukan dan mempersiapkan karier dimasa depan, konselor mestinya menggunakan inventori yang valid dan reliabel. Namun, inventori yang dianggap valid dan reliabel oleh konselor masih memunculkan permasalahan dalam pengadministrasian, yaitu siswa bingung dalam menetapkan rating scale pada inventori. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menemukan skala penilaian yang jelas dan tidak ambigu untuk memudahkan siswa menetapkan rating scale pada inventori. Sampel penelitian menggunakan area random samplingyang terdiri dari enam kelompok subjek tes, yaitu: 1, n = 75; 2, n = 61; 3, n = 47; 4, n = 146; 5, n = 85; dan 6, n = 63. Data dalam penelitian ini berupa data politomi 5-point Likert scale yang dikumpulkan menggunakan career planning inventory. Data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan model Rasch dengan menguji rating scale analysis melalui analisis Threshold antar rating. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rating scale pada analisis Threshold, rating scale berubah menjadi empat point Likert scale dengan pilihan sangat tidak sesuai, kurang sesuai, sesuai, dan sangat sesuai. Kata kunci: Perencanaan Karier; Ratting Scale; Skala Likert; Threshold
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Duşa, Adrian, and Valeriu Frunzaru. "The Visual Analogue Scale. An Alternative to the Likert Type Response Scales. An Alternative to the Likert Type Response Scales." International Review of Social Research 1, no. 1 (2011): 91–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/irsr-2011-0005.
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Abstract For about eight decades, research instruments in the social sciences have been orbiting around Likert’s proposal for his famous response scale. Before him, and also after he managed to impose it, many researchers have tried to find a better solution. This, however, has proven difficult. While solving methodological problems for measuring concepts, by concentrating all the responses in only five categories brings major disadvantages as well: it has extremely low variation, it does not produce metric scores unless combined with similar items, and it cannot be used as such for advanced statistical analysis. In this article, we propose using a continuous response scale as a solution to each of these problems. In our opinion, the possible application of this solution has an extremely high potential to advance social science research methodology.
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Cetin, Yavuz, and Beste Dincer. "High school students’ higher education expectation: A scale development study." Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences 15, no. 2 (2020): 232–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/cjes.v15i2.4617.
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The aim of this study is to develop a valid and a reliable scale to determine the expectations of high school students from higher education. The population of the study consisted of 315 high school students in the 2018–2019 academic years. To test the construct validity of the scale, exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used. The original five-point Likert scale composed of 22 items with five subdimensions. The results showed that the internal consistency coefficient of the scale was calculated as 0.84. The scale factor load values ranged between 0.58 and 0.81, and the rotated factor load values ranged between 0.46 and 0.81 and explained 59.1% of the total variance of the scale. The higher education expectation scale can be used not only to evaluate the students’ future and professional expectations in terms of subjective norms but also goal setting and need for the analysis of the program development studies.
 Keywords: High school students, expectation, scale development.
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Cho, Eun-Hyung, Chang-Yong Jang, Yi-Sub Kwak, and Eung-Joon Kim. "The Psychometric Characteristic of the Taekwondo Electronic Protector Cognition Scale: The Application of the Rasch Model." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 10 (2020): 3684. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103684.
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This research was to investigate the psychometric characteristics of the electronic protector cognition scale by the infit and outfit of taekwondo athletes. Participants were 216 athletes (male = 109; female = 117) from 19 countries competed at the 19th Taekwondo World Championships. The electronic protector cognition scale consisting of 24-item with four subscales was utilized. The electronic protector cognition scale used a five-point Likert grading with 1 (not at all) to 5 (very likely). Analysis using IBM SPSS STATISTICS version 23 (IBM SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) was conducted for the 226 data sets collected. WINSTEPS 3.74 (Linacre, 2015) was used for calculating subject reliability, item goodness-of-fit, scale propriety, and item level of difficulty, in order to apply the item response theory to the psychometric characteristics of electronic protectors. The research results showed that it was suitable for subject infit/outfit in taekwondo electronic protector cognition scale as 1.00~1.01 and the input/output of taekwondo electronic protector cognition scale as 1.00~1.01. Secondly, five-point scales were reviewed to be suitable for scale propriety, resulting from stage index judgment. Thirdly, 8 items showed problems in item goodness-of-fit. Finally, scale propriety was reported to be suitable considering the ability distribution of taekwondo players and the level of scale difficulty.
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Surijah, Edwin Adrianta, and Yashinta Levy Septiarly. "Construct Validation of Five Love Languages." ANIMA Indonesian Psychological Journal 31, no. 2 (2016): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24123/aipj.v31i2.565.
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Five Love Languages (FLL) is a theory proposed by Chapman (2010) about five ways a person feel most loved. This study was based on a lack of empirical evidence supporting the construct. Therefore, it aimed to validate five love languages and the results of this study were expected to be an empirical evidence to support Chapman’s idea. A Likert scale was constructed and tested toward 400 participants (148 males, 252 females; Mage = 19.85 years, SDage= 1.51 years). The FLL scale showed a promising composite reliability score ( .884) and satisfying item-total correlations (averagely > .250). Statistical analyses showed that there were 17 valid items in the Five Love Languages Scale. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the five factors in Chapman’s initial proposal.
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Yıldırım, Mehtap. "A study of developing an attidude scale for using scientifict process steps." Pegem Eğitim ve Öğretim Dergisi 6, no. 2 (2016): 255–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.14527/pegegog.2016.014.
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This study aims to develop a scale that will measure the attitudes of 6th, 7thand 8th grade students towards scientific process in the scope of life sciences course. In the literature, many studies focus on developing scales of attitudes towards science and science course. This study differs from others by aiming to measure the attitudes towards using the scientific process steps rather than science itself. Items of the scale were prepared by considering expert opinions. The scale was administered to 321 students, from 6th, 7th and 8th grades in three different secondary schools. In accordance with the factor analysis performed, a 33 item, five-point likert-type scale was developed. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO), Barlett test, Cronbach alpha and test-retest reliability values of the scale was found as .94, 4386.47, .94 and .91 respectively.
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Barragán-Hernández, Wilson, Liliana Mahecha-Ledesma, Joaquín Angulo-Arizala, and Martha Olivera-Angel. "Near-Infrared Spectroscopy as a Beef Quality Tool to Predict Consumer Acceptance." Foods 9, no. 8 (2020): 984. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9080984.
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This study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to predict beef consumers’ perceptions. Photographs of 200 raw steaks were taken, and NIRS data were collected (transmittance and reflectance). The steak photographs were used to conduct a face-to-face survey of 400 beef consumers. Consumers rated beef color, visible fat, and overall appearance, using a 5-point Likert scale (where 1 indicated “Dislike very much” and 5 indicated “Like very much”), which later was simplified in a 3-point Likert scale. Factor analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to generate a beef consumer index. A partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to predict beef consumers’ perceptions using NIRS data. SEM was used to validate the index, with root mean square errors of approximation ≤0.1 and comparative fit and Tucker–Lewis index values <0.9. PLS-DA results for the 5-point Likert scale showed low prediction (accuracy < 42%). A simplified 3-point Likert scale improved discrimination (accuracy between 52% and 55%). The PLS-DA model for purchasing decisions showed acceptable prediction results, particularly for transmittance NIRS (accuracy of 76%). Anticipating beef consumers’ willingness to purchase could allow the beef industry to improve products so that they meet consumers’ preferences.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Five-point Likert scale analysis"
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Kunene, Melusi Noel. "Awareness and perceptions of climate change impact amoung small-scale maize farmers in Eswatini : the case study of Hhohho, Manzini and Shiselweni regions." Diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25903.
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Agricultural production is the major source of household food security and income for smallholder maize farmers in the rural households in the Kingdom of eSwatini. The sector also contributes approximately 6.5% to the national gross domestic product and 50% of raw material for industries and other sectors. However, the sector is faced with several challenges which hinder its development. The challenges are brought about by climate change. Farmers implement various strategies to adapt to the negative effects of climate change. Farmers awareness and perceptions of impacts of climate change influence the strategies and hence, farmers’ level of adaptation. This study was undertaken to assess smallholder maize farmers’ awareness and perceptions of the impacts of climate change in three maize producing regions of eSwatini. Descriptive statistics and a regression model were used for data analysis. The results from a descriptive analysis indicated that 71.3% of farmers were aware of climate change, while 28.7% were not aware. A regression test revealed that climate-related information was highly significant in determining farmers’ awareness of the impacts of climate change. A Likert scale analysis showed that rural-urban migration, floods incidents and soil erosion were the most important variables that influenced small-scale maize farmers’ perceptions of climate change. The study revealed that there should be more focus on improving extension services to promote access to financial services.<br>Agriculture and Animal Health<br>M.Sc. (Agriculture)
Book chapters on the topic "Five-point Likert scale analysis"
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Vinagre, Margarita. "Developing Key Competences for Life-Long Learning through Virtual Collaboration." In Advances in Educational Technologies and Instructional Design. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0177-0.ch008.
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This study presents the findings from a group of forty-nine fourth year undergraduate students who were trained in a blended learning environment over two months in order to acquire base knowledge and hands-on experience about information and communication technologies (ICT) and their possible applications to the EFL classroom. The course was taught in English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI) and participants worked in a wiki designed specially to facilitate discussion and collaboration in the foreign language. Data were gathered from the participants' answers to an end-of-course questionnaire that featured eight five-point Likert-scale questions and five open-ended questions; quantitative and qualitative analyses were then performed upon the answers. Our findings and discussions elaborate on the impact the course had on the participants' perceptions regarding the acquisition of key competences for life-long learning.
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Nedelko, Zlatko, Maciej Brzozowski, and Paweł Bartkowiak. "The Hierarchy of Managers' Personal Values and Universal Management Attributes." In Recent Advances in the Roles of Cultural and Personal Values in Organizational Behavior. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1013-1.ch008.
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The main purpose of this chapter is to examine and compare the importance of managers' personal values and universal management attributes in organizations from Slovenia, Austria, and Poland. In this study, the analysis of results focuses on (1) personal values of managers, where 57 variables were verified, which were measured on a nine-point Likert scale and (2) evaluation of selected, universal management attributes that determine managerial behavior in organizations, whose measurement was performed on eight-point semantic scales. In order to compare the significance of managers' personal values and universal management attributes between respondents' groups from Poland, Slovenia, and Austria, the method of one-way analysis of variance and t-test for independent groups were applied.
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Akkaya, Bulent, and Semra Tetik. "Understanding Strategic Skills of Managers for First-Time Leadership in Industry 4.0." In Handbook of Research on Innate Leadership Characteristics and Examinations of Successful First-Time Leaders. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7592-5.ch020.
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Strategic skills of managers, which are closely interrelated concept with organizations' performance, have effects on organizations' performance. In this context, this study aims to examine the role of strategic leadership skills of managers of manufacturing SMEs operating in Turkey in in perspective of first-time leadership in Industry 4.0 age. Two questionnaires were used to get data on a five-point Likert scale. The data were collected from 225 employees from SMEs. Data was analyzed with the help of SPSS (V.22.0.) program to apply Descriptive Analysis, Correlation Analysis and Regression Analysis. Results of the study revealed that strategic leadership skills of managers have important role in manufacturing SMEs for competitive advantage and sustainability. Finally, strategic leadership skills significantly can improve organization climate and performance of organizations. Therefore, the current study has vital importance for practitioners to enhance organization performance through leadership skills, organizational performance and organizational climate in Industry 4.0.
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Berry, S., and R. Woods. "Leadership Practicies Inventory." In Handbook of Research on Electronic Surveys and Measurements. IGI Global, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-792-8.ch051.
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The Leadership Practices Inventory (LPI) (Posner & Kouzes, 2002) was designed to measure what people did when they were at their “personal best” in leading others. Beginning their work in 1983, Posner and Kouzes approached leadership as a measurable, learnable and teachable set of behaviors. The LPI was created by developing a set of statements describing each of the identified five leadership actions and behaviors: modeling, inspiring, challenging, enabling and encouraging. Each statement is based on a 10-point Likert scale with higher values representing more frequent use of a leadership behavior. The LPI consists of 30 statements, six for each leadership action/behavior. Both self and observer forms are available and subject to the same psychometric analyses. Participating individuals first complete a self (leader) form and then request five to 10 individuals who interact with that person to complete the observer form. The LPI takes 10 minutes to complete and may be scored by hand or computer
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Maldonado-Macías, Aide Aracely, Cesar Roberto Alferez-Padron, Jorge Luis García-Alcaraz, and Liliana Avelar-Sosa. "Knowledge Management and Ergonomics Implementation in Manufacturing Systems." In Advances in Business Information Systems and Analytics. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5115-7.ch010.
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This chapter presents a knowledge management and Ergonomics implementation in manufacturing systems, through the development and validation of a critical success factors questionnaire. The instrument developed measures the frequency of inclusion of critical success factors for the implementation of Ergonomics and its benefits, validated in the manufacturing industry. The frequency is based on a five-point Likert scale. So far, no instrument able to measure such factors has been found in the literature. The questionnaire comprises 73 questions presented in four main stages: planning, process startup stage, work improvement cycle and long-term development. In addition, it contains a section of benefits regarding health and safety, operational and quality of life at work. The instrument was validated through a pilot test involving 140 participants from seven companies in the manufacturing sector of Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México, through the use of an intentional selective method.
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Baran, Tamer. "Comparison of Parametric and Non-Parametric Methods to Analyse the Data Gathered by a Likert-Type Scale." In Advances in Business Information Systems and Analytics. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6985-6.ch020.
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The aim of this chapter is to reveal whether the results of the analysis of the data obtained using Likert type scales (LTSs) with parametric and non-parametric methods in different response alternative (DRA) numbers will differ in terms of statistical significance. In this respect, the data were obtained from 271 university students with CETSCALE prepared using LTS in five different response alternatives (DRAs). The data were analysed using the one sample t test and Wilcoxon signed rank test. Significant findings of the study in the analysis of the data obtained using midpoint LTSs and with the normal distribution with both parametric and non-parametric methods couldn't be found. Similarly, the data obtained by four response alternative numbers with the normal distribution were analysed by both methods, and the significant findings were revealed. However, the results of the data obtained by six and eight response alternative numbers with parametric methods were found to be statistically significant while their analysis by non-parametric methods did not reveal significant findings.
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Al Kubaisi, Muwafaq, and Nedaa Ali Ahmed Naser. "Identifying Factors That Influence the Use of E-Wallets and Its Continuance." In Innovative Strategies for Implementing FinTech in Banking. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3257-7.ch016.
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The e-wallet is one of the successful innovative services that was launched in 2017. A quantitative survey approach based on a five-point Likert scale was used in this study. The sampling tool relies on the snowball and convenience sampling technique. The sample consisted of 660 users in Bahrain. This study found that the four predictor variables are statistically significant and supportive. The compatibility variable is the leading factor in the analysis. However, the study's results indicated that the moderating variables were also found to be statistically insignificant. The research findings contribute to the service providers and marketers with a clear understanding of the factors that affect the use of e-wallets and continuance use. Also, there was an addition to the theoretical implications indicated by the significant direct relationship between continuance use and compatibility.
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Iqbal, Tahir. "Best Customer Experience in E-Retailing." In Research Anthology on E-Commerce Adoption, Models, and Applications for Modern Business. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8957-1.ch027.
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The main purpose of the research is to empirically test a model for assessing the association between outcomes as well as antecedents of online customer experience (OCE) in e-commerce websites in the case of KSA. The theoretical implications of customer online shopping behaviour have largely been discussed in the previously conducted studies however less consideration has been provided to the antecedents of e-retailing shopping and its effect on customer online shopping experience pertaining to KSA. The study has incorporated a quantitative method under which the data has been collected through primary sources using the survey. The sample of 150 respondents has been incorporated who provided their responses through a survey questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of 13 questions and included five-point Likert scale in order to incorporate responses. The technique of analysis incorporated demographic analysis, correlation analysis and SEM model using SPSS and SmartPLS. It was identified that providing efficient online shopping experience through Tele-presence, ease of use and perceived benefit has a significant positive impact on consumer shopping experience pertaining to the shoppers of KSA.
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Jha, Ajeya, Bibeth Sharma, and Jitendra Kumar. "Life-Style Distinction Between Customers and Non-Customers of Sikkim Cymbidium." In Advances in Human Resources Management and Organizational Development. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-4056-4.ch002.
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For marketers, it is a vital to be able to differentiate customers from non-customers for their product. Sikkim a tiny Himalayan state in India is the home of globally known cymbidium orchids. It has been identified as a product that can boost local economy. In order to achieve this, it is important to formulate marketing strategies. One important input in strategy formulation is to prepare a customer profile. This is based on demographic, geographic and psychographic factors. This paper develops a customer profile purely on identified Activities, Interest and Opinions (AIO). Methodology involves collecting data from buyers and non-buyers of Cymbidium orchids about their life-style. Statements were framed on Likert scale (1-5). In all five variables have been tested. Final analysis is based on discriminant analysis. Results indicate a weak discriminant function but 90% respondents are correctly identified as buyers and non-buyers.
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Cardoso Espinosa, Edgar Oliver. "Assessment of Learning Experiences in the Mathematics Subject Based on an E-Assessment System." In Handbook of Research on E-Assessment in Higher Education. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5936-8.ch015.
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The objective of the research was to assess the learning experiences of the online modality of the postgraduate student in senior management in the subject of mathematics from the design and implementation of an e-assessment system. The type of study that was used was a methodology with a quantitative approach with an exploratory scope. To obtain the information, the authors used as a tool a questionnaire based on a Likert scale in which the items were measured through a scale with five options from totally disagree to fully agree. The main results were that between 70% and 85% of the respondents mentioned that before starting their graduate studies they had not had any approach with the Moodle platform; between 90% and 94% were totally in agreement to identify that the learning activities favored the development of the competences such as the quantitative analysis, the approach and resolution of situations, as well as the communication of results; and more than 90% of students thought they fully agreed that their commitment to this subject improved.
Conference papers on the topic "Five-point Likert scale analysis"
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Karaca, Erol, and Nuray Gökçek Karaca. "The Study of the Scale to Determine Attitudes on Labor Force Participation of Turkish Migrant Women in Germany." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c07.01489.
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This study sought to develop a Likert type scale which is valid and reliable in order to investigate attitudes on labor life participation of the migrant women. The research was carried out with 570 Turkish migrant women in Germany, living in Cologne (172), Stuttgart (150), Bremen (109), Munich (53) and Berlin (86), Germany, in 2012-2013. The data were collected by using a questionnaire consisting of two sections, developed by the researchers to determine attitudes on labor life participation of migrant women. The first part is the form related to demographic and personal information, consisting of items about the gender, age, marital status, status, if they find their income level sufficient, if they look at the future with confidence and perceptions about being unionized. The second part includes 15 expressions related to attitudes on labor life participation of migrant women on a 5-point Likert-type scale consisting of 5 choices, from 1 = Strongly Disagree to 5 = Strongly Agree. Data which were collected through that The Attitude Scale on Labor Life Participation were analyzed with factor analysis by using the statistical package SPSS. The findings of the study revealed that the scale was valid and reliable.
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Horvat, Saša A., Dušica D. Rodić, Tamara N. Rončević, and Mirjana D. Segedinac. "VALIDATION OF METHOD FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF COGNITIVE COMPLEXITY OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY PROBLEM TASKS." In 3rd International Baltic Symposium on Science and Technology Education (BalticSTE2019). Scientia Socialis Ltd., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/balticste/2019.67.
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The aim of research was validation of a method for the assessment of cognitive complexity of chemical technology problem tasks. The method included an assessment of the difficulty of concepts and an assessment of their interactivity. As a research instrument for assessing performance, test of knowledge was used. Each task in the test was followed by a 5-point Likert scale for the evaluation of invested mental effort. The validity of this method was confirmed by a series of linear regression analysis where extremely high values of correlation coefficients are obtained among the examined variables: student’s performance, invested mental effort and cognitive complexity. Keywords: cognitive complexity, problem solving, chemical technology.
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Bessette, Amanda, Beshoy Morkos, and Shraddha Sangelkar. "Motivational Differences Between Senior and Freshman Engineering Design Students: A Multi-Institution Study." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-60341.
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This research paper presents the initial results of a multi-institute study comparing motivational factors between freshmen and senior mechanical engineering design students. A total of 418 freshman and senior undergraduate mechanical engineering students enrolled at the Florida Institute of Technology and the Pennsylvania State University Erie are studied. To measure motivation we utilize an adaptation of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). The MSLQ examines five factors when measuring motivation and performance. The motivational factors are test anxiety, self-efficacy, and intrinsic value while the performance factors are cognitive value, and self-regulation. Surveys are administered during both the beginning (first two weeks) and end (final two weeks) of the semester. Data is collected from freshmen and seniors through their introduction to engineering and senior design courses, respectively, at both institutes. Statistical analysis compares Likert scale student responses to demographic data. The analysis compares the motivational factors for female versus male, international versus domestic, and senior versus freshman students. Results indicate there is a change in motivational factors as students’ progress from freshman to seniors. Most of the changes are positive, such as a decrease in anxiety, increase in self-recognition, and increase in intrinsic value. Moreover, there were differences between Florida Tech and Penn State students as the makeup of both student bodies are different. This paper will compare the results and provide recommendations for improving motivational factors in freshman students to support their engineering studies and persistence in engineering.
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Līce, Anita, and Biruta Sloka. "Which skills, competencies and attitudes are employers looking for in recruitment process in Latvia?" In Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Economics Engineering. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cibmee.2019.058.
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Purpose – the purpose of the study is to evaluate the opinion of employers on the importance of employability competencies in recruitment in Latvia, considering increasingly global and changing labour market. Research methodology – total of 750 companies participated in this research. A list of 17 skills, competencies and attitudes, important for individual employability in changing labour markets, was rated using a four-point Likert scale. Findings – the research results show that employers value attitudes, emotional and self-management competencies the most when hiring potential employees, which are followed by social competencies. Although academic skills were assessed as the least important in the list of all competencies, the majority of employers consider academic skills important in the recruitment process. Research limitations – as this research is not sector-specific, it is limited only to those competencies that can be equally applicable to all occupations. Practical implications – research provides valuable, easily acquirable information for various stakeholders in the area of human resource planning and development, including educational institutions which aim to update programmes to facilitate graduate employability. Originality/Value – research offers three complex factors explaining the elements of individual employability, based on empirical analysis
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Maksimovic, Jelena, and Jelena Osmanović Zajić. "PREVENTION OF SCHOOL FAILURE IN CONTEMPORARY TEACHING: A THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL APPROACH." In SCIENCE AND TEACHING IN EDUCATIONAL CONTEXT. FACULTY OF EDUCATION IN UŽICE, UNIVERSITY OF KRAGUJEVAC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/stec20.47m.
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Through theoretical analysis of school failure factors and empirical examination, in a comprehensive and interdisciplinary way, we tried to explore this complex problem that is constantly present in the teaching process, and at the same time point out the importance of systematic work on its prevention. The context of the research problem is empirical and refers to the examination of the main factors of school failure. Students’ self-reflections on: 1. family relations, 2. curricula, 3. motivation for learning and 4. teaching methods and contents as possible factors of school failure were examined. Specific hypotheses set in the research refer to the existence of statistically significant correlation of students’ self-reflections on school failure factors with set independent research variables: grade students (p < 0.05) and school success (p < 0.05). Survey research method with scaling technique was used in the research. The research included 235 primary school students in the territory of southern Serbia, in the 2019 school year. The results show that the factor analysis from the Likert-type assessment scale constructed for the needs of the research, highlights 4 factors important for the research of school failure: family, curriculum, motivation, teaching methods and contents. The process of factor analysis extracted the main factors of school failure, which were brought into a correlative relationship at the level of statistical significance with students’ self-reflections. The results of the research indicate the theoretical and practical significance of the problem of school failure, thus representing a good starting point and incentive for further research work.
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Barreto Fernandes, Francisco António, and Bernabé Hernandis Ortuño. "Usability and User-Centered Design - User Evaluation Experience in Self-Checkout Technologies." In Systems & Design 2017. Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/sd2017.2017.6634.
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The increasing advance of the new technologies applied in the retail market, make it common to sell products without the personal contact between seller and buyer, being the registration and payment of the products made in electronic equipment of self-checkout. The large-scale use of these devices forces the consumer to participate in the service process, which was previously done through interaction with the company's employees. The user of the self-checkout system thus performs all the steps of the purchase, from weighing the products, registering them and making the payment. This is seen as a partial employee, whose participation or performance in providing services can be used by the company to improve the quality of its operations (KELLEY, et al 1993). However this participation does not always satisfy the user, and may cause negative experiences related to usability failures. This article presents the results of the evaluation by the users of the self-checkout system. The data were collected in Portugal through a questionnaire to 400 users. The study analyzes the degree of satisfaction regarding the quality and usability of the system, the degree of motivation for its adoption, as well as the profile of the users. Analysis of the sample data reveals that users have basic or higher education and use new technologies very often. They also have a high domain of the system and an easy learning of its use. The reason for using self-checkout instead of the traditional checkout is mainly due to "queues at checkout with operator" and "at the small volume of products". In general, the sample reveals a high degree of satisfaction with the service and with quality, however, in comparative terms, self-checkout is not considered better than operator checkout. The evaluation of the interaction with the self-checkout was classified according to twenty-six attributes of the system. The analysis identifies five groups with similar characteristics, of which two have low scores. "Cancellation of registered articles", "search for articles without a bar code", "manual registration", "bagging area", "error messages", "weight sensor" and “invoice request "are seven critical attributes of the system. The results indicate that the usability analysis oriented to the self-checkout service can be determinant for the user-system interaction. The implications of empirical findings are discussed together with guidelines for future research.Keywords: Interaction Design, Self service, Self-checkout, User evaluation, UsabilityReferencias ABRAHÃO, J., et al (2013). Ergonomia e Usabilidade. 1ª Edição. São Paulo: Blucher. ALEXANDRE, J. W. C., et al (2013). Análise do número de categorias da escala de Likert aplicada à gestão pela qualidade total através da teoria da resposta ao item. In: XXIII Encontro Nacional de Engenharia de Produção, Ouro Preto. BOOTH, P. (2014). An Introduction to Human-Computer Interaction (Psychology Revivals). London Taylor and Francis. CASTRO, D., ATKINSON, R., EZELL, J., (2010). Embracing the Self-Service Economy, Information Technology and Innovation Foundation. Available at SSRN: http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1590982 CHANG, L.A. (1994). A psychometric evaluation of 4-point and 6-point Likert-type scale in relation to reliability and validity. Applied Psychological Measurement. v. 18, n. 2, p. 05-15. DABHOLKAR, P. A. (1996). Consumer Evaluations of New Technology-based Self-service Options: An Investigation of Alternative Models of Service Quality. International Journal of Research in Marketing, Vol. 13, pp. 29-51. DABHOLKAR, P. A., BAGOZZI, R. P. (2002). An Attitudinal Model of Technology-based Selfservice: Moderating Effects of Consumer Traits and Situational Factors. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Vol. 30 (3), pp. 184-201. DABHOLKAR, P. A., BOBBITT, L. M. &amp; LEE, E. (2003). Understanding Consumer Motivation and Behavior related to Self-scanning in Retailing. International Journal of Service Industry Management, Vol. 14 (1), pp. 59-95. DIX, A. et al (2004). Human-Computer Interaction. Third edition. Pearson/Prentice-Hall. New York. FERNANDES, F. et al, (2015). Do Ensaio à Investigação – Textos Breves Sobre a Investigação, Bernabé Hernandis, Carmen Lloret e Francisco Sanmartín (Editores), Oficina de Acción Internacional - Universidade Politécnica de Valência Edições ESAD.cr/IPL, Leiria. HELANDER, M., LANDAUER, T., PRABHU, P. (1997). Handbook of Human – Computer Interaction. North–Holland: Elsevier. KALLWEIT, K., SPREER, P. &amp; TOPOROWSKI, W. (2014). Why do Customers use Self-service Information Technologies in Retail? The Mediating Effect of Perceived Service Quality. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Vol. 21, pp. 268-276. KELLEY SW, HOFFMAN KD, DAVIS MA. (1993). A typology of retail failures and recoveries. J Retailing. 69(4):429 – 52.
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Arcan, Kuntay. "COMPULSIVE BUYING AND RELATED MOTIVES: ENHANCEMENT AND COPING." In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact019.
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"Background: Research indicates that compulsive buying that refers to chronic, excessive shopping and expenditure isn’t rare, especially among the young people. However, related studies are limited. More research is required to advance our understanding about the phenomenon and to improve prevention and treatment strategies. Objectives: This study especially aimed to investigate the role of shopping motives for compulsive buying. For this purpose, coping and enhancement motives that were originally developed to assess drinking reasons were adapted for shopping. Examining the relationships of compulsive buying with demographics, spending frequency of different products, positive and negative affect were also other objectives of the study. Methods: The sample was composed of 362 voluntary university students selected through convenience sampling in Turkey. Majority of the participants were females (77.9%). The mean age was 21.91 (SD = 3.11). Participants rated the frequency of shopping motives for each of the 5 enhancement items (e.g. to get high, because it’s fun) and the 5 coping items (e.g. to forget worries, to relax) on 4 point Likert-scale (1: almost never, 4: almost always). Compulsive Buying Scale, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule were also utilized as standard measurement instruments. The participants rated their spending frequency on different products such as cosmetics, clothes, technological products, or furniture on a 1 to 4 scale (1: almost never, 4: almost always). Findings: According to the results of the hierarchical multiple regression analysis being female, having younger age and lower GPA (1st step) in addition to higher personal income (2nd step), spending frequently for cosmetics, shoes and clothes (3rd step), having higher negative affect (4th step) were found to be associated with compulsive buying scores. Moreover, both enhancement and coping motives that were entered into the regression equation in the last step (5th step), also predicted the participants’ compulsive buying scores. The total explained variance was 58.2%. Conclusions: The findings of this study are important to indicate the possible risk factors for compulsive buying including age, gender, income, spending habits, and negative affect. Moreover, the results reveal that buying something in order to enhance positive affect and to avoid negative feelings can be prominent determinants of compulsive buying. Research from non-Western countries such as the present study are essentially important to highlight the associates of compulsive buying across cultures since majority of the relevant literature derive from studies conducted with Western participants."
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Akar, Hanife. "Evaluating Higher Education Learners through Portfolio Assessment." In 2001 Informing Science Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2359.
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This paper presents a part of a larger needs assessment study that aimed at designing a course called Instructional Planning and Evaluation (IPE), which is offered at Middle East Technical University, Faculty of Education, Turkey. The purpose of this study was to understand how undergraduate students perceived portfolio assessment (PA) with respect to IPE courses, and how students wanted to work during PA implementation. Data was obtained through a five-point Likert-type scale, interviews, field notes, and unobtrusive measures. Results reveal that students were frustrated in the initial stages of the implementation, and frequently demanded guidance by their lecturer. Although individual work was preferred, collaborative work facilitated preparing the content of portfolios. In course of time, data obtained through participant observations or unobtrusive measures reveal that PA led learners to become selfregulated learners.
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Bannerot, Richard. "Preparing for a Team Project in a Diverse Class of New Students." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-79561.
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Semester-long, team design projects are supposed to fun but can appear daunting to beginning engineering students, especially if they don’t know anyone else in the class. This paper discusses how the “daunting” aspect of early design projects has been addressed in a sophomore design course in a BSME program. The issue is addressed from three viewpoints: student diversity, project formulation, and support from the other activities in the class. A sample project is discussed in detail. A survey at the end of the semester indicted that the students enjoyed the class (averaging over 4.5 on the usual five-point Likert scale for four statements about the course), learned (averaging 4.18 supporting improved abilities related to seven ABET criterion 3 issues) and also strongly supported a series of statements about other learning issues.
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Kayran, Altan. "Aeroelastic Stability of a Transport Aircraft With Wing Mounted Store Suspension: Part I — Analysis." In ASME 7th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2004-58467.
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The present study outlines the analysis work, backed by the relevant ground testing, performed for the verification of aeroelastic stability of a transport aircraft modified with the installation of an external store to the outer wing. The initial analysis work consisted of free vibration analysis and ground vibration testing of the modified aircraft for the identification of the natural frequencies and associated modes of vibration in still air. The beam-like half scale model of the aircraft was updated based on the results of the ground vibration test. External store wing connection stiffness was determined by means of vibration test performed for the identification of local store-wing structural interface modes. The dynamic model was updated again and flutter analyses were performed for different mass configurations of the aircraft. Mass configurations that are critical from flutter point of view were identified. Analysis results indicate that the flutter speeds of the aircraft with wing mounted store suspension, although lowered compared to the basic aircraft, stay above the values required by the flutter regulation MIL-A-8870C.
Reports on the topic "Five-point Likert scale analysis"
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Sanz, E., P. Alonso, B. Haidar, H. Ghaemi, and L. García. Key performance indicators (KPIs). Scipedia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23967/prodphd.2021.9.002.
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The project “Social network tools and procedures for developing entrepreneurial skills in PhD programmes” (prodPhD) aims to implement innovative social network-based methodologies for teaching and learning entrepreneurship in PhD programmes. The multidisciplinary teaching and learning methodologies to be developed will enable entrepreneurship education to be introduced into any PhD programme, providing students with the knowledge, skills, and motivation to engage in entrepreneurial activities. However, the use of the output of the project will depend on the nature and profile of the research or scientific field. In this context, key performance indicators (KPIs) form the base on which the quality and scope of the methodologies developed in the project will be quantified and benchmarked. The project’s final product will be an online tool that higher education students can use to learn entrepreneurship from a social network perspective. Performance measurement is one of the first steps of any project and involves the choice and use of indicators to measure the effectiveness and success of the project’s methods and results. All the KPIs have been selected according to criteria of relevance, measurability, reliability, and adequacy, and they cover the process, dissemination methods, and overall quality of the project. In this document, each KPI is defined together with the units and instruments for measuring it. In the case of qualitative KPIs, five-level Likert scales are defined to improve indicator measurability and reliability. The KPIs for prodPhD are divided into three main dimensions, depending on the stage of the project they evaluate. The three main dimensions are performance and development (which are highly related to the project’s process), dissemination and impact (which are more closely correlated with the project’s output), and overall project quality. Different sources (i.e., European projects and papers) have been drawn upon to define a set of 51 KPIs classified into six categories, according to the project phase they aim to evaluate. An Excel tool has been developed that collects all the KPIs analysed in the production of this document. This tool is shared in the Scipedia repository.
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Cooper, Christopher, Jacob McDonald, and Eric Starkey. Wadeable stream habitat monitoring at Congaree National Park: 2018 baseline report. National Park Service, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2286621.
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The Southeast Coast Network (SECN) Wadeable Stream Habitat Monitoring Protocol collects data to give park resource managers insight into the status of and trends in stream and near-channel habitat conditions (McDonald et al. 2018a). Wadeable stream monitoring is currently implemented at the five SECN inland parks with wadeable streams. These parks include Horseshoe Bend National Military Park (HOBE), Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park (KEMO), Ocmulgee Mounds National Historical Park (OCMU), Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area (CHAT), and Congaree National Park (CONG). Streams at Congaree National Park chosen for monitoring were specifically targeted for management interest (e.g., upstream development and land use change, visitor use of streams as canoe trails, and potential social walking trail erosion) or to provide a context for similar-sized stream(s) within the park or network (McDonald and Starkey 2018a). The objectives of the SECN wadeable stream habitat monitoring protocol are to: Determine status of upstream watershed characteristics (basin morphology) and trends in land cover that may affect stream habitat, Determine the status of and trends in benthic and near-channel habitat in selected wadeable stream reaches (e.g., bed sediment, geomorphic channel units, and large woody debris), Determine the status of and trends in cross-sectional morphology, longitudinal gradient, and sinuosity of selected wadeable stream reaches. Between June 11 and 14, 2018, data were collected at Congaree National Park to characterize the in-stream and near-channel habitat within stream reaches on Cedar Creek (CONG001, CONG002, and CONG003) and McKenzie Creek (CONG004). These data, along with the analysis of remotely sensed geographic information system (GIS) data, are presented in this report to describe and compare the watershed-, reach-, and transect-scale characteristics of these four stream reaches to each other and to selected similar-sized stream reaches at Ocmulgee Mounds National Historical Park, Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park, and Chattahoochee National Recreation Area. Surveyed stream reaches at Congaree NP were compared to those previously surveyed in other parks in order to provide regional context and aid in interpretation of results. edar Creek’s watershed (CONG001, CONG002, and CONG003) drains nearly 200 square kilometers (77.22 square miles [mi2]) of the Congaree River Valley Terrace complex and upper Coastal Plain to the north of the park (Shelley 2007a, 2007b). Cedar Creek’s watershed has low slope and is covered mainly by forests and grasslands. Cedar Creek is designated an “Outstanding Resource Water” by the state of South Carolina (S.C. Code Regs. 61–68 [2014] and S.C. Code Regs. 61–69 [2012]) from the boundary of the park downstream to Wise Lake. Cedar Creek ‘upstream’ (CONG001) is located just downstream (south) of the park’s Bannister Bridge canoe landing, which is located off Old Bluff Road and south of the confluence with Meyers Creek. Cedar Creek ‘middle’ and Cedar Creek ‘downstream’ (CONG002 and CONG003, respectively) are located downstream of Cedar Creek ‘upstream’ where Cedar Creek flows into the relatively flat backswamp of the Congaree River flood plain. Based on the geomorphic and land cover characteristics of the watershed, monitored reaches on Cedar Creek are likely to flood often and drain slowly. Flooding is more likely at Cedar Creek ‘middle’ and Cedar Creek ‘downstream’ than at Cedar Creek ‘upstream.’ This is due to the higher (relative to CONG001) connectivity between the channels of the lower reaches and their out-of-channel areas. Based on bed sediment characteristics, the heterogeneity of geomorphic channel units (GCUs) within each reach, and the abundance of large woody debris (LWD), in-stream habitat within each of the surveyed reaches on Cedar Creek (CONG001–003) was classified as ‘fair to good.’ Although, there is extensive evidence of animal activity...