Academic literature on the topic 'Five-year plan, 1946-1950'

The judicial system and the judicial authority in any state and in any society perform very important socially significant functions. That is why the issues of evolvement, formation, as well as the legal regulation of the court system, improving the legislative framework of the judicial system’s activity are a serious link in the construction of a democratic state governed by the rule of law. A comprehensive and complete study of construction and transformation of the Soviet judicial system in this context is extremely relevant and is of paramount importance both for the Russian society and for the Russian state, since it was the Soviet judicial system that was the basis for constructing the current Russian judicial system. In this aspect, the post-war stage in the formation of the judicial system in the USSR is of particular interest, its study requires a particularly careful attention and detailed analysis, including due to its originality and uniqueness in the context of world history. The article considers the features of the formation and activity of the judicial bodies in the Khanty-Mansi National District, as well as the problems faced by the district courts after the end of the Great Patriotic War in the first year of the post-war five-year plan of 1946–1950, aimed at restoring the national economy. The article shows the specifics and uniqueness of the district judicial system functioning, reflects the main directions to which the district courts directed their efforts, describes the main problems that the courts faced in their work. The article presents statistical data on key positions that characterize both criminal judicial and punitive policy and civil law proceedings. Problems and shortcomings in the activity of the Soviet judicial system in the territory of the district are reflected. It is noted that the courts made a significant contribution to the national economy restoration and the establishment of peaceful life in the region. Despite the existence of certain problems in the activities of the district courts, despite the difficulties in their work, including due to the geographical features of the district, the judicial authorities ensured the fulfillment of their extremely important tasks in the field of both administration of justice and ensuring punitive policies and, consequently, following the party’s policies. At this, despite the increase in crime in the first post-war year, the growth of criminal cases, the district courts improved the quality of proceedings conduct.

The article draws on the AUCP (b) obkoms summaries of information on conducting loan campaigns to analyze the attitude of Soviet citizens to state financial policy. Since access to personal information is restricted, thus making it difficult to study social aspects of state policy, the author has turned to the summaries documents and thus introduced them into scientific use. The object of the study is government loans during the forth five-year plan (1946-1950) and subscription to these in Leningrad. Obkom summaries contain both statistical data and information on the population’s response to the subscription. The analysis shows that people understood of its goals, which translated into their positive responses. Negative assessments sprang mainly from domestic problems, not from overt criticism of the state. The facts are conveyed in a peculiar way. Summaries were in many ways a means of confirming the agitators’ and propagandists’ success at the grassroots level, and therefore the positive attitudes towards loans prevailed. Negative reactions were describes as “isolated cases” to work case by case. An expression “hard to live” permeates the analyzed materials, though only rarely these “hardships” were real. The phrase explained people’s reluctance to participate in the subscription. Using these documents in historical research is essential to understanding the management of information in the party organizations. The combination of positive and negative reactions in the reports makes it possible to study the public opinion of the postwar Soviet people in depth. The data obtained from the reports fills out the history of postwar loan campaigns with factual material and add to social, political history, and history of the everyday life in the postwar USSR.

Changes in the number and structure of the machine and tractor fleet of state farms in Eastern Siberia in the 1946–1950–ies are investigated data on the productivity of tractors and combines and the volume of work performed by them are given. It is shown that in General, by the end of the fourth five–year plan, the state farm machinery and tractor fleet corresponded to its level on the eve of the war.