Relevant bibliographies by topics / Flame extension

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Flame extension'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 25 May 2024
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Flame extension"

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Kibrya, M. G., and G. A. Karim. "Blowout Limits of a Jet Diffusion Flame in the Presence of Small Surrounding Jet Pilot Flames." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 118, no. 2 (1996): 140–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2792705.

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The blowout limit of a methane jet diffusion flame is examined in the presence of a number of much smaller pilot jet flames of different fuels arranged within an experimental burner assembly in a co-flowing stream of air. It is shown that the blowout limit of the central jet flame can be extended very appreciably by increasing the flow rate through the smaller pilot jets. The basis for this extension to the blowout limit and the role of some changes in the operating parameters are discussed. It is suggested that the extension to the blowout limit observed is due mainly to the thermal contribut
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Yedinak, Kara M., Jack D. Cohen, Jason M. Forthofer, and Mark A. Finney. "An examination of flame shape related to convection heat transfer in deep-fuel beds." International Journal of Wildland Fire 19, no. 2 (2010): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf07143.

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Fire spread through a fuel bed produces an observable curved combustion interface. This shape has been schematically represented largely without consideration for fire spread processes. The shape and dynamics of the flame profile within the fuel bed likely reflect the mechanisms of heat transfer necessary for the pre-heating and ignition of the fuel during fire spread. We developed a simple laminar flame model for examining convection heat transfer as a potentially significant fire spread process. The flame model produced a flame profile qualitatively comparable to experimental flames and simi
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Obando Vega, Pedro Javier, Axel Coussement, Amsini Sadiki, and Alessandro Parente. "Non-Premixed Filtered Tabulated Chemistry: Filtered Flame Modeling of Diffusion Flames." Fuels 2, no. 2 (2021): 87–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fuels2020006.

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The flame front filtering is a well-known strategy in turbulent premixed combustion. An extension of this approach for the non-premixed combustion context has been proposed by means of directly filtering counterflow diffusion flamelets. Promising results were obtained for the non-premixed filtered tabulated chemistry formalism on 1-D and 2-D unresolved counterflow flame configurations. The present paper demonstrates the soundness of this approach on a 3-D real laminar non-premixed coflow flame. The model results are compared against the direct filtering of the fully resolved laminar diffusion
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Albayrak, Alp, and Wolfgang Polifke. "An analytical model based on the G-equation for the response of technically premixed flames to perturbations of equivalence ratio." International Journal of Spray and Combustion Dynamics 10, no. 2 (2017): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1756827717740776.

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A model for the response of technically premixed flames to equivalence ratio perturbations is proposed. The formulation, which is an extension of an analytical flame tracking model based on the linearized G-equation, considers the flame impulse response to a local, impulsive, infinitesimal perturbation that is transported by convection from the flame base towards the flame surface. It is shown that the contributions of laminar flame speed and heat of reaction to the impulse response exhibit a local behavior, i.e. the flame responds at the moment when and at the location where the equivalence r
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Wu, Gang, Jinqing Li, Chunpeng Chai, Zhen Ge, Jialun Lin, and Yunjun Luo. "Synthesis and characterization of novel post-chain extension flame retardant waterborne polyurethane." RSC Advances 5, no. 118 (2015): 97710–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra12975c.

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Cai, Jianan, Alvianto Wirasaputra, Yaming Zhu, et al. "The flame retardancy and rheological properties of PA6/MCA modified by DOPO-based chain extender." RSC Advances 7, no. 32 (2017): 19593–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra28293h.

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Haubold, Thorben Sören, Laura Puchot, Antoine Adjaoud, Pierre Verge, and Katharina Koschek. "Bio-Based Bisbenzoxazines with Flame Retardant Linker." Polymers 13, no. 24 (2021): 4330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13244330.

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This work explores the strategy of incorporating a highly substituted reactive flame retardant into a benzoxazine moiety. For this purpose, a DOPO-based flame retardant received a chain extension via reaction with ethylene carbonate. It was then reacted with phloretic acid to obtain a diphenol end-capped molecule, and further reacted with furfurylamine and paraformaldehyde to obtain a benzoxazine monomer via a Mannich-like ring closure reaction. This four-step synthesis yielded a partly bio-based halogen-free flame retardant benzoxazine monomer (DOPO-PA-fa). The successful synthesis was proven
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Li, Linjie, Wuchao Zhang, Zihe Gao, and Liangwen Wei. "Experimental study on the flame merging and ceiling impingement behavior of transversely located double fire sources in an urban utility tunnel." Indoor and Built Environment 32, no. 1 (2023): 286–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x221147427.

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The investigation of the fire characteristics and propagation behaviour in the urban utility tunnel is of great practical importance, especially for the conditions with double fire sources. In this work, a 1/8th scaled urban utility tunnel model was built to conduct the experiments to characterize the flame merging and ceiling impingement behaviour of transversely located double fire sources. Two rectangular fire sources with the same dimension were used, and their heat release rate (HRR) and fire source spacings were varied to consider the typical scenarios. Results show that for the smaller
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Tornatore, Cinzia, and Magnus Sjöberg. "Optical Investigation of a Partial Fuel Stratification Strategy to Stabilize Overall Lean Operation of a DISI Engine Fueled with Gasoline and E30." Energies 14, no. 2 (2021): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14020396.

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This paper offers new insights into a partial fuel stratification (PFS) combustion strategy that has proven to be effective at stabilizing overall lean combustion in direct injection spark ignition engines. To this aim, high spatial and temporal resolution optical diagnostics were applied in an optically accessible engine working in PFS mode for two fuels and two different durations of pilot injection at the time of spark: 210 µs and 330 µs for E30 (gasoline blended with ethanol by 30% volume fraction) and gasoline, respectively. In both conditions, early injections during the intake stroke we
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Jia, Xin, Bin Hu, Wei Zhao, Wen Zeng, Jiangbo Peng, and Qingjun Zhao. "Experimental and Numerical Study on the Plasma-Laser-Induced Ignition of Strut Stabilizer at Different Locations." Aerospace 11, no. 8 (2024): 652. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace11080652.

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The minimum ignition equivalence ratio of the strut stabilizer is an important parameter in the design of integrated afterburners. The ignition location significantly affects the ignition equivalence ratio and flame propagation, and therefore, it should be deeply studied. The ignition equivalence ratio and flame propagation at different axial ignition locations downstream of the strut stabilizer are studied in this paper. When the ignition distance is approximately the bluff body trailing edge width, a lower ignition equivalence ratio is required for ignition, and the flame propagates faster t
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Flame extension"

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Wang, Aijuan. "Experimental and numerical investigation of the confinement effect on the impinging flame in a compartment." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourges, INSA Centre Val de Loire, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021ISAB0002.

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Le phénomène de flamme de diffusion impactant une paroi est fréquent dans les scénarios d’incendie en milieu clos. Celui-ci peut entraîner à avoir des conséquences désastreuses en termes de vie humaine et de biens matériels. En effet, lorsqu'une flamme incidente se produit dans un compartiment, elle peut augmenter le risque de propagation du feu de celui-ci vers une autre pièce à travers une explosion de fumée représentant une menace pour les personnes pié-gées. Afin d’apporter des éléments de compréhension sur le comportement de ce type de flamme, de nombreuses études ont réalisé. Celles-ci s
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Books on the topic "Flame extension"

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Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center., ed. Effects of gas-phase radiation and detailed kinetics on the burning and extension of a solid fuel. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Johnson Space Center, 2001.

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Rhatigan, Jennifer L. Effects of gas-phase radiation and detailed kinetics on the burning and extension of a solid fuel. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Johnson Space Center, 2001.

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Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center., ed. Effects of gas-phase radiation and detailed kinetics on the burning and extension of a solid fuel. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Johnson Space Center, 2001.

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Effects of gas-phase radiation and detailed kinetics on the burning and extension of a solid fuel. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Johnson Space Center, 2001.

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Zhukovsky, Donna S. Treatment of Opioid-Induced Constipation in Advanced Illness (DRAFT). Edited by Nathan A. Gray and Thomas W. LeBlanc. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190658618.003.0025.

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Opioid-induced constipation is a major problem for patients with advanced medical illness despite aggressive use of bowel regimens. Methylnaltrexone is an opioid antagonist with limited ability to cross the blood–brain barrier and thus is thought to induce opioid withdrawal at the level of the gastrointestinal tract without causing central withdrawal and flare of pain. This chapter describes and evaluates a randomized controlled trial of methylnaltrexone versus placebo and an open label extension study for patients with advanced illness and opioid-induced constipation. Primary outcomes are eff
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Pilkington, Clarissa, and Liza McCann. Paediatric polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0125.

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Juvenile polymyositis and dermatomyositis are inflammatory myopathies that affect muscle. Dermatomyositis also affects skin, and can have many extramuscular manifestations. Inflammatory myopathies are uncommon in childhood, with dermatomyositis occurring more than polymyositis. For this reason, published research has concentrated on juvenile dermatomyositis. The spectrum of disease severity ranges from mild cases that can recover completely without treatment, to multisystem inflammation that can be fatal. Treatments have improved over the decades, reducing mortality from 30% before the era of
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Pilkington, Clarissa, and Liza McCann. Paediatric polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0125_update_002.

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Juvenile polymyositis and dermatomyositis are inflammatory myopathies that affect muscle. Dermatomyositis also affects skin, and can have many extramuscular manifestations. Inflammatory myopathies are uncommon in childhood, with dermatomyositis occurring more than polymyositis. For this reason, published research has concentrated on juvenile dermatomyositis. The spectrum of disease severity ranges from mild cases that can recover completely without treatment, to multisystem inflammation that can be fatal. Treatments have improved over the decades, reducing mortality from 30% before the era of
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Evans, Richard Kent. MOVE. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190058777.001.0001.

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This book is a religious history of MOVE, a small, mostly African American religious group devoted to the religious teachings of John Africa that emerged in Philadelphia in the early 1970s. MOVE is perhaps best known for the MOVE Bombing. In 1985, the Philadelphia Police Department—working in concert with federal and state law enforcement—attacked a home that MOVE people shared in West Philadelphia, involving hundreds of police officers and firefighters and using tear gas, 10,000 rounds of ammunition, and improvised explosives. Most infamously, a police officer dropped a bomb containing C-4 ex
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Book chapters on the topic "Flame extension"

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Fernandes, E. C., and M. V. Heitor. "On the Extension of a Laser-Doppler Velocimeter to the Analysis of Oscillating Flames." In Laser Techniques Applied to Fluid Mechanics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56963-0_25.

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"THE FLAME IONIZATION DETECTOR AND ITS EXTENSIONS." In Chromatographic Detectors. CRC Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482273564-13.

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Diwakar, Philip, Yuqing Liu, and Ismat ElJaouhari. "Evaluation of Flange Leakage due to Thermal Bowing and Shock." In Ageing and Life Extension of Offshore Facilities. ASME, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.885789_ch21.

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During a flaring event, some operating conditions in an LNG plant cause liquid refrigerant to be introduced into a flare header causing large temperature gradients between the bottom and top wall and lead to vertical and lateral displacements along with rotation of the horizontal header. This thermal bowing is a serious problem with risk of flange leakage due to differential thermal expansion between bolts and flange and pipe cracks at high stress concentration location as it lifts off the supports. This paper evaluates the introduction of warm gas into the flare header to prevent a flange lea
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Murray, Bryan P., Cathy J. Busby, Willis E. Hames, and Graham D. M. Andrews. "Revised timing of Oligocene magmatism and extensional basin development in the Cerocahui-Guazapares region of the northern Sierra Madre Occidental silicic large igneous province, Chihuahua, México." In The Virtue of Fieldwork in Volcanology, Sedimentology, Structural Geology, and Tectonics—Celebrating the Career of Cathy Busby. Geological Society of America, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1130/2025.2563(14).

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ABSTRACT Extensive fieldwork and supporting laboratory analyses by Murray and Busby in the Cerocahui-Guazapares region of the northern Sierra Madre Occidental silicic large igneous province have identified three Oligocene volcanic stratigraphic subdivisions that were erupted during distinct phases of the mid-Cenozoic ignimbrite flare-up in western North America. The ca. 27.5 Ma Parajes Group, an ~1-km-thick sequence of rhyodacitic welded ignimbrite sheets, represents medial outflow facies erupted outside of the study area from unidentified caldera sources during the Oligocene pulse of flare-up
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Salama, Mamdouh M. "Ageing and Life Extention of Pipelines." In Ageing and Life Extension of Offshore Facilities. ASME, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.885789_pt4.i1.

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This section addresses issues associated with degradation, life extension and reuse of pipelines. In addition, one paper in the section addresses an issue related to leak potential of an LNG flare header due to temperature gradient and another paper addresses integrity assessment of pressure vessels. Regarding pipelines, there three main aspects that affect their ageing assessment and life extension studies. These are: 1) time dependent materials degradation such as corrosion and fatigue, 2) changes in operational conditions particularly fluid composition, and 3) accidental damage such as drop
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Toon, Owen Brian, and Alan Robock. "Will Humans Become Extinct from an Asteroid Collision or a Nuclear War?" In Earth in Flames. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1093/9780197799734.003.0017.

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Abstract Species do not last forever. The mean time to extinction of mammal species is about 1 million years. If Homo sapiens behave as typical mammals, we are about 20% of the way through our existence. On five occasions, mass extinctions occurred when many species disappeared at once. The asteroid impact 66 million years ago caused one mass extinction. The causes of the other four extinctions are less clear, but they may have been caused by internal processes such as continental drift, extensive volcanism, or loss of oxygen in the oceans. We are likely entering a sixth mass extinction—this t
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Simon, Gregory L. "Introduction." In Flame and Fortune in the American West. University of California Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520292802.003.0001.

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This introductory chapter presents the author's recollections about the fire that almost burned down his childhood home when he was sixteen. He was home alone when he heard a policeman outside the house asking residents to evacuate. He describes seeing his neighbors' homes became the source of smoke and embers dropping in their backyards. He returns to his house to pick up his cat, gets in the car, and leaves. Returning home with his parents the next day, they find that their home remained fully intact alongside a neighbor to each side. While he was overjoyed to see the structure and all their
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Emblidge, David. "North Carolina." In The Appalachian Trail Reader. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195100914.003.0008.

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Abstract The undulating Nantahala Mts., from Wayah Bald, North Carolina. Trail miles: 95.6 in North Carolina, 207.7 shared with Tennessee Trail maintenance: Nantahala Hikmg Club, National Park Service and Smoky Mts. Hikmg Club (in Great Smoky Mts. National Park), Carolina Mt. Club Highest point: Clingmans Dome, 6,643 ft. (highest point on the AT) Broadest rivers: French Broad, Nantahala (bridge at Wesser over kayak racecourse), Little Tennessee (AT crosses 480-ft.-high Fontana Dam) Features: The AT traverses most-visited national park in the U.S. (Great Smoky Mts.), with extraordinary variety
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Wollheim, Richard. "Walter Pater." In Uncollected Writings, edited by Gary Kemp and Elisabetta Toreno. Oxford University PressOxford, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1093/9780191995767.003.0019.

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Abstract Walter Pater (1839–1894) is popularly known, along with his famous supporter Oscar Wilde (1854–1900), as a card-carrying Aesthete, as one for whom Beauty is paramount, for whom the main thing in life is to ‘burn always with this hard, gem-like flame, to maintain this ecstasy’. Wollheim assembles an extensive case for a quite different diagnosis. Pater’s verdict on critical theory and philosophy—in particular the systems of metaphysics from Plato to Hegel—is that it is in general too speculative to win belief. What it shows, in one who does go in for it, is rather the person’s subjecti
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Getachew, Tsegaye, and Mesay Dejene. "Low Temperature Combustion in Diesel Engines." In Diesel Engines - Current Challenges and Future Perspectives [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1002041.

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The growing energy demand for transportation has led to a shift towards eco-friendly combustion or improved diesel engines with increased efficiency, reduced emissions, and sustainability. Low-temperature combustion (LTC) aims to achieve controlled combustion, balancing optimal performance with lower NOx and SO2 emissions. This chapter summarizes the recent trends in LTC strategies under further exploration such as fuel injection techniques, optimized air-fuel mixing, and accurate combustion phasing management, to discern existing literatures in extensive efforts to reduce flame stability and
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Conference papers on the topic "Flame extension"

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Laliberte, L. H., R. G. Miller, B. A. Shaw, and J. A. Escarsega. "An Evaluation of Sacrificial Metallic Coatings for Service Life Extension of U.S. Army Vehicles." In CORROSION 2005. NACE International, 2005. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2005-05210.

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Abstract Corrosion costs for United States (U.S.) Army ground vehicles are estimated at $2 billion per year. A study was conducted to evaluate how sacrificial metallic coatings applied on steel by electroplating, galvanizing, spray painting, flame spray (FS), arc spray (AS) and high-velocity particle consolidation (HVPC) enhance the corrosion protection afforded by coating systems. The coatings in this study were Zn, Zn-1Co and Zn-12Ni electroplates; Zn, Zn-5Al and Al-44Zn-1.6Si galvanized coatings, zinc-rich primers, Zn, Al, and Zn-15Al thermal sprays and Zn and Al HVPC. Thickness of the meta
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Bentebbiche, Abdelhalim, and Denis Veynante. "Coherent Flame Model to Predict Formation Pollutants in Turbulent Premixed Flame." In ASME 2010 10th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2010-24466.

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The objective of this work is to analyze and to model the turbulent flames in the context of coherent flame model. We present a detailed description of equations and the flamelet regimes in turbulent premixed flame. A surface density models proposed here represents a good issue for numerical simulation. Extension of coherent flame model and homogenous stilled reactor model is proposed to consider the dynamics behavior of flame and pollutants formation. From the results of this work it is concluded that the coherent flame model allows surpassing difficulties of the turbulent reactive flow model
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Subash, Arman Ahamed, Robert Collin, Marcus Aldén, Atanu Kundu, and Jens Klingmann. "Investigation of Hydrogen Enriched Methane Flame in a Dry Low Emission Industrial Prototype Burner at Atmospheric Pressure Conditions." In ASME Turbo Expo 2017: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2017-63924.

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Experiments were performed on a prototype 4th generation DLE (dry low emission) burner under atmospheric pressure conditions to investigate the effects of hydrogen (H2) enrichment on methane (CH4) flames. The burner assembly was designed to have three concentrically arranged premixed sections: an outer Main section, an intermediate section (Pilot) and a central pilot body termed the RPL (Rich-Pilot-Lean) section. The Planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) of OH radicals together with flame chemiluminescence imaging were employed for studying the local flame characteristics so as to be able t
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Torii, Shuichi, Sze Man Simon Chan, and Toshiaki Yano. "Flame Blowoff Limit Phenomenon of Turbulent Jet Diffusion Flames With Annular Counterflow." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-39059.

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The present study deals with the transport phenomena of turbulent jet diffusion flames with air-suction flow and the possibility of extending the flame blow-off limits through the shear stress augmentation using the annular counterflow technique. The experimental apparatus employed here comprises a fuel nozzle placed at the center of a concentric annulus with an outer cylinder adopted to encompass the nozzle. Fuel jet is allowed to eject upwards and turbulent jet diffusion flames are formed by igniting the jet and by increasing the volume flow rates of fuel. It is found that (1) the augmentati
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Boyde, Jan M., Massimiliano Di Domenico, Berthold Noll, and Manfred Aigner. "Spark Ignition Simulations and the Generation of Ignition Maps by Means of a Turbulent Flame Speed Closure Approach." In ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2010-22211.

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This paper presents a numerical investigation of ignition phenomena in turbulent partially premixed methane/air flames. In this work, a turbulent flame speed closure model (TFC) is employed with an ignition delay module extension. The model is applied to two partially premixed test cases under standard conditions in the configuration of a shearless flame and a counter flow flame, respectively. For both setups, the flame kernel propagation and consequent establishment or extinction of the flame are examined. A shearless configuration represents the first test case under investigation. The study
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Torii, Shuichi, Sze Man Simon Chan, and Toshiaki Yano. "Transport in Turbulent Jet Diffusion Flames With Annular Counterflow." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/htd-24258.

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Abstract The present study deals with the augmentation of the turbulent shear effect on transport in turbulent jet diffusion flames due to the presence of air-suction flow and the possibility of extending the flame blow-off limits through augmentation. The experimental apparatus employed here comprises a fuel nozzle placed at the center of a concentric annulus with an outer cylinder encompassing the nozzle. The fuel jet is allowed to eject upwards and turbulent jet diffusion flames are formed by igniting the jet, then by increasing the volume flow rate of the fuel. The annular counterflow tech
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Staufer, M., and J. Janicka. "Large Eddy Simulation of a Lean Gas Turbine Model Combustor." In ASME Turbo Expo 2009: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-59725.

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Partially premixed flames although common on many technical devices are difficult to model in numerical simulations. In this paper a Large Eddy Simulation of a lean combustor is presented. To account for mixing effects in case of partially premixed combustion, a suitable extension to the well known coherent flame model (CFM) is applied. The turbulent reaction rate of the partially premixed flame is approximated by solving an additional transport equation for the flame surface density which accounts for flame wrinkling effects as well as for the creation and destruction of flame surface due to
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Generini, Giulio, Antonio Andreini, and Enrico Bianchi. "Combustion Modelling of the T100 Micro-Gas Turbine Burner Including the Influence of the Stretch and Heat Loss/Gain Effects on the Flame." In ASME Turbo Expo 2024: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2024-123810.

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Abstract This paper focuses on the application of an extension for Zimont’s Turbulent Flame Closure (TFC) model turbulent flame speed formulation to include stretch and heat loss and gain effects on the flame. The effects are introduced, by tabulating the consumption speed of laminar 1D counter-flow flames in a “fresh-to-burnt” configuration for different stretch and heat loss/gain values. The consumption speed look-up table is then used to compute the flame turbulent flame speed within the tabulated-chemistry Flamelet Generated Manifolds (FGM) combustion model. Existing models, such as the Ex
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Hariharan, P., and S. R. Gollahalli. "Characteristics of Partially Premixed Elliptic Burner Flames in Coflow-Velocity Air Streams." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-60336.

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This paper presents the results of an extension of the previous study where the effects of jet equivalence ratio and burner geometry on the characteristics of partially premixed propane/hydrogen/air flames at a coflow air velocity of 3 m/s were presented. The results here pertain to the experiments where the coflow velocity was doubled to understand the effects of coflow. Two different burner geometries (Circular, and 3:1 aspect ratio-AR elliptical burners) were used in the experiments with circular burner flames as baseline condition. During the study, the exit velocity was held constant at 2
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Blanchard, Victorien P., Frédéric Roqué, Philippe Scouflaire, Christophe O. Laux, and Sébastien Ducruix. "Lean Flame Stabilization With Nanosecond Plasma Discharges in a Gas Turbine Model Combustor." In ASME Turbo Expo 2023: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2023-102621.

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Abstract This paper presents an experimental study of lean flames stabilization with nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharges. The two-stage, swirled-stabilized, multipoint injector BIMER operates at atmospheric pressure with methane-air mixtures in the present study. It is representative in its design of a realistic lean premixed prevaporized injector of gas turbine engines operated at a lab-scale level. The lean blow-off extension with plasma is characterized. The combustion efficiency and the pollutant emissions are quantified near blow-off with and without plasma for 50-kW flames. We show
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Reports on the topic "Flame extension"

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Olsen and Fletcher. L52071 Literature Review Fuel-Air Mixing in Large Bore Natural Gas Engines. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010949.

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Mixing is viewed as being problematic in many internal combustion engines, particularly large bore natural gas engines. In reviewing the literature an attempt is made to distinguish between the influences of mixing and turbulence, although for much of the published research the distinction is not made. Mixing is determined to have a major impact on engine efficiency, overall emissions, flame propagation, and cycle-to-cycle variations. The improvement of engine efficiency and overall emissions is concluded to be primarily due to the extension of the lean limit, a direct consequence of improved
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2

Wilson. PR-239-9525-E01 Integrated Test Plan. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011046.

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Abstract:
In order to understand and eventually control formaldehyde emissions, it is necessary to investigate formaldehyde formation mechanisms and evaluate the applicability of these mechanisms to industrial gas engines. An extensive literature review was conducted to identify possible formaldehyde formation mechanisms, factors that favor these chemical mechanisms, and the relationships between various engine operating conditions and engine-out formaldehyde emissions. The literature review provided the following information on formaldehyde emissions: Formation and subsequent destruction of formaldehyd
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