Relevant bibliographies by topics / Flare gas reduction

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers
  5. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Flare gas reduction'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 3 June 2025
Last updated: 20 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Flare gas reduction"

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Iora, P., P. Bombarda, S. L. Gómez Aláez, C. Invernizzi, T. Rajabloo, and P. Silva. "Flare gas reduction through electricity production." Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 38, no. 21 (2016): 3116–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2015.1129471.

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Pavlova, P. L., K. A. Bashmur, P. M. Kondrashov, et al. "An overview of current trends in greenhouse gas reduction and possible strategies for their application in the oil and gas industry." SOCAR Proceedings, no. 2 (2023): 147–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5510/ogp20230200857.

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This article provides an overview of the flare gases composition and methods for quantifying its emissions, as well as current trends in reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the oil and gas industry which are associated with the combustion of associated gas at flare installations. For the oil and gas industry, synergy strategies have been proposed with bioenergy carbon capture and storage (BECCS) and direct air carbon capture and storage (DACCS) technologies. Modern technologies for the use of associated gas without combustion at flare installations are considered. Proposals to reduce flare gas emissions in the conditions of the Far North and the Arctic are presented to ensure sustainable development. Keywords: flare gas; greenhouse gases; associated gas; oil and gas industry; sustainable development.
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Ndunagu, P. N., O. F. Joel, A. A. Oji, and E. E. Alaike. "Flaring Intensity Monitoring: Applications at Different Levels of Nigerian Petroleum Upstream Industry." Nigerian Journal of Technological Development 18, no. 4 (2022): 352–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njtd.v18i4.10.

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Flare volume measurement has been the sole yardstick for tracking flare gas reduction progress and provides a single view of monitoring in the context of its use. In this study, an alternative method was introduced to broaden the perspective of flare gas monitoring. Flaring intensity is a simple and effective measure for tracking flare gas reduction. Flaring Intensity index was applied in different levels of flare volume estimation, namely Oilfield, Oil Company, Petroleum Upstream Contract and Country. Nigerian Petroleum Production data were sourced from regulatory reports and satellite data from 2012 to 2015 and 2018 annual reports. The results revealed that Nigeria’s flaring intensity is on the decline due to exogenous factors and it illustrates flaring intensity as a comparative and benchmarking tool for gas flare performance at various hydrocarbon production levels. The study also inferred that improved flare gas measurement, transparency in reporting, robust regulation and increased gas handling infrastructure were necessary in order to mitigate flaring in Nigeria to achieve the 2030 Zero Routine Flaring target.
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Lee, Heon-Seok, Dong-Heuk Lee, Jin-Hwan Yoo, Chul-Hwan Park, and Jae-Wook Ko. "Reduction of Thermal Radiation from Flare Stack by Flare Gas Recovery Unit." Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas 15, no. 1 (2011): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.7842/kigas.2011.15.1.040.

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Pei, Peng, Daniel Laudal, Junior Nasah, Scott Johnson, and Kegang Ling. "Utilization of aquifer storage in flare gas reduction." Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering 27 (November 2015): 1100–1108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2015.09.057.

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Yayaji, Ibrahim, Xiaoyi Mu, and Tong Zhu. "Do Regulatory Tariffs Curb Gas Flaring? Evidence from Nigeria." Gases 5, no. 2 (2025): 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/gases5020010.

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This study examines the impact of flare tariff adjustments on gas-flaring volumes in Nigeria. Utilising a 52-year dataset, this analysis demonstrates that the effectiveness of flare tariffs in reducing gas flaring depends on the stringency of imposed charges. To isolate this effect, this study distinguishes between tariff regimes implemented before and after 2018, a pivotal year marked by the introduction of substantially higher tariffs under revised regulations. The findings indicate that the pre-2018 tariffs had no statistically significant effect on gas-flaring volumes, whereas the post-2018 tariffs led to a statistically significant reduction. Specifically, the pre-2018 tariffs were associated with a negligible reduction in flaring (0.05 percentage points), which was statistically insignificant. By contrast, the post-2018 tariff regime resulted in a 9.26 percentage-point decline in flaring volumes, significant at the 1% level. Additional factors contributing to the flaring reduction include oil production levels, oil prices, and the availability of gas infrastructure. These results highlight the critical role of sufficiently stringent tariff policies in achieving substantial reductions in global gas flaring.
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Emekwuru, Nwabueze. "Characterization of the Dominant Stages at Which Gas Flaring Is Introduced: Impacts and Policy Options to Ameliorate Them." Environments 11, no. 7 (2024): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments11070158.

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Information on associated gas flaring in the Niger Delta is analyzed to characterize the various stages in the lifecycle of an oil exploration and production facility through which gas flaring is introduced into an area, leading to ecological, health, and economic impacts, and possible policies and implementation strategies for the reduction of the flared gas are offered. Gas flaring is currently occurring at a rate of 5318 million m3 per year in the Niger Delta region. The impacts of gas flaring on the ecological, human, and economic systems include poor air quality, acid rain, and soil degradation. Other impacts include decreased crop yield, increased incidences of respiratory diseases amongst inhabitants in the area, and losses of billions of USD yearly in economic costs. Three dominant stages in the introduction of gas flaring are characterized in this study, using the concept of the management of the invasion of non-native species into an ecosystem and it is determined that the cheapest method of minimizing gas flaring is to incorporate mitigation measures during the design stage of the oil exploration/production facility, rather than after flaring has commenced, as is the common emphasis. During the early periods of oil production, gas flaring is largely localized, and the gas utilization measures can still be implemented to good effect. However, once the facility is established, gas flaring becomes pervasive, stretching kilometers beyond the flare points. Current policies like the imposition of flare-out years on the oil producers have helped, but they have been insufficient as the intensity of gas flaring in the region continues at double the average global levels. Working with relevant stakeholders, a realistic flare-out deadline should be agreed upon, clear and specific gas flaring legislation should be drawn up that includes measures to mitigate gas flaring for each proposed oil facility, and proper data collection and management services would enable the implementation of the policies to be based on robust evidence. These policies would shift the costs of gas flaring away from the inhabitants of the region back to the operators of the facilities that are the sources of the flares.
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Szpalerski, Jerzy, and Adam Smoliński. "Analysis of the Excess Hydrocarbon Gases Output from Refinery Plants." Processes 7, no. 5 (2019): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7050253.

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The article presents the ideas of maximizing recovery of flare gases in the industrial plants processing hydrocarbons. The functioning of a flare stack and depressurization systems in a typical refinery plant is described, and the architecture of the depressurization systems and construction of the flares are shown in a simplified way. The proposal to recover the flare gases together with their output outside the industrial plant, in order to minimize impact on the environment (reduction of emissions) and to limit consumption of fossil fuels is presented. Contaminants that may be found in the depressurization systems are indicated. The idea presented in the article assumes the injection of an excess stream of gases into an existing natural gas pipelines system. A method of monitoring is proposed, aiming to eliminate introduction of undesirable harmful components into the systems.
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Desrina, R., and Supriyadi Supriyadi. "STUDY ON ZERO FLARE POLICY FOR OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION INDUSTRY IN INDONESIA." Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas 31, no. 3 (2022): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.29017/scog.31.3.1011.

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Flaring is an essential practice in oil and gas production, primarily for safety reasons. Although data indicate that, on a worldwide basis, gas flaring contributes only 1% of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions, for environmental and resource conservation reasons, flaring should always be minimized as much as practicable. In the frame work of Global Gas Flaring Reduction Public-Private Partnership (GGFR), Government of Indonesia (GOI) through Directorate General of Oil and Gas is preparing a draft policy for Green Oil and Gas Industry Initiative (GOGII). GOI encourage oil and gas activity in Indonesia to be environmental friendly industries by implementing Zero Flare, Zero Discharge, Clean Air and Go Renewable programs. Zero flare can be achieved by different kind of methods, such as re-injection of associated gas, gas utilization on-site, and collection and market to downstream markets. This paper tries to review and evaluate the possibility of implementing the zero flare policy for oil and gas exploration and production industries in Indonesia, in the frame work of contributing to GOI in preparing draft policy for GOGII.
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Sarkari, Majid, Behnaz Jamshidi, Milad Ahmadi Khoshooei, and Farhad Fazlollahi. "Flare gas reduction: A case study of integrating regeneration gas in flash gas compression network." Fuel 318 (June 2022): 123661. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2022.123661.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Flare gas reduction"

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Ojijiagwo, Emeka Nnanna. "Development of a sustainable framework to manage flare gas in an oil and gas environment : a case study of Nigeria." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/620607.

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Associated natural gas is produced as a by-product from crude oil exploration and production. When perceived as a non-desirable product, it is wasted during gas flaring. Globally, about 100 Billion Cubic Meters (BCM) of gas is flared annually, leading to release of about 300 million tons of carbon dioxide yearly into the environment. Russia and Nigeria flare more than other countries to the tune of 35.5 and 18.27 BCM, respectively. The consequence of gas flaring has continued to pose significant threats to the environment as well as the economy of oil and gas producing countries. Therefore, this research is aimed at developing a sustainable framework that could enable management of flared gas in an oil and gas environment by generating energy and also minimise environmental impact that arises from gas flaring process. Three major research gaps were identified and they include lack of existing gas flare management framework in Nigeria, lack of economic evaluation of gas to wire (GTW) technology for flared gas reduction and, lack of cordial relationship and understanding between oil and gas producing/flaring companies and electricity producing sectors towards gas flare management. A qualitative research strategy was employed – utilising the single case study approach with embedded units of analysis. Three case study companies were used - one oil and gas producing company, and two electricity-generating companies. Data collection involved semi structured interviews, documentation, observation, and review of relevant literature. Data was analysed using QSR Nvivo version 10. A framework for flared gas reduction was developed based on literature review and also from information made available by experts operating in the oil and gas and electricity sectors. The framework shows inputs from various stakeholders, as well as an evaluation of volume of gas produced, utilized and flared. An economic assessment of GTW technology was carried out to determine the cost effectiveness of the framework. Findings from the study showed that GTW is a viable means of management, and could reduce the total volume of flared gas in Nigeria to 7.1%. This reduces environmental, health and safety hazards. It is also economically profitable. A total capital investment of £1.64b is required in the Nigerian context, with a net profit of £1.26b/year, and has a rate of return of investment of 16.3%. This study has demonstrated that GTW is a sustainable technology for reducing flared gas in Nigeria and other countries facing similar challenges as Nigeria; and capable of minimising adverse environmental and health impact associated with gas flaring. Therefore, the developed framework is also recommended for effective management of flared gas in such countries.
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Uvwie, Patrick Awaciere. "Nigeria's gas flaring reduction : economic viability of power generation using flared gas / P.A. Uvwie." Thesis, North-West University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/3697.

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Anosike, Nnamdi Benedict. "Technoeconomic evaluation of flared natural gas reduction and energy recovery using gas-to-wire scheme." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2013. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/8625.

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Most mature oil reservoirs or fields tend to perform below expectations, owing to high level of associated gas production. This creates a sub-optimal performance of the oil production surface facilities; increasing oil production specific operating cost. In many scenarios oil companies flare/vent this gas. In addition to oil production constraints, associated gas flaring and venting consists an environmental disasters and economic waste. Significant steps are now being devised to utilise associated gas using different exploitation techniques. Most of the technologies requires large associated gas throughput. However, small-scale associated gas resources and non-associated natural gas reserves (commonly referred to as stranded gas or marginal field) remains largely unexploited. Thus, the objective of this thesis is to evaluate techno- economic of gas turbine engines for onsite electric power generation called gas- to-wire (GTW) using the small-scaled associated gas resources. The range of stranded flared associated gas and non-associated gas reserves considered is around 10 billion to 1 trillion standard cubic feet undergoing production decline. The gas turbine engines considered for power plant in this study are based on simple cycle or combustion turbines. Simple cycle choice of power-plant is conceived to meet certain flexibility in power plant capacity factor and availability during production decline. In addition, it represents the basic power plant module cable of being developed into other power plant types in future to meet different local energy requirements. This study developed a novel gas-to-wire techno-economic and risk analysis framework, with capability for probabilistic uncertainty analysis using Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) method. It comprises an iterative calculation of the probabilistic recoverable reserves with decline module and power plant thermodynamic performance module enabled by Turbomatch (an in-house code) and Gas Turb® software coupled with economic risk modules with @Risk® commercial software. This algorithm is a useful tool for simulating the interaction between disrupted gas production profiles induced by production decline and its effect on power plant techno-economic performance over associated gas utilization economic life. Furthermore, a divestment and make- up fuel protocol is proposed for management of gas turbine engine units to mitigate economical underperformance of power plant regime experienced due to production decline. The results show that utilization of associated gas for onsite power generation is a promising technology for converting waste to energy. Though, associated gas composition can be significant to gas turbine performance but a typical Nigerian associated gas considered is as good as a regular natural gas. The majority of capital investment risk is associated with production decline both natural and manmade. Finally, the rate of capital investment returns decreases with smaller reserves.
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Book chapters on the topic "Flare gas reduction"

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Bock-Seefeld, Benjamin, Patrick Gehre, and Christos G. Aneziris. "Carbon-Bonded Filter Materials and Filter Structures with Active and Reactive Functional Pores for Steel Melt Filtration." In Multifunctional Ceramic Filter Systems for Metal Melt Filtration. Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-40930-1_1.

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AbstractThere exists an increasing pressure on the metal making and metal using industry to remove solid and liquid inclusions such as deoxidation products, sulfides, nitrides carbides etc. and thereby improve metal cleanliness. It is well known that size, type and distribution of non-metallic inclusions in metal exert considerable effects on the mechanical properties of the cast products. In terms of this contribution a new generation of metal qualities via melt filtration with superior mechanical properties for use in light weight structures and high demand construction materials are explored. The main target is an enormous reduction of non-metallic inclusions in the metal matrix by the use of intelligent filter materials as well as filter systems with a functionalized filter surface. Especially a new generation of combined refining filter systems will be illustrated. The metal melt comes first in contact with a reactive filter which generates gas bubbles in the melt as well as activates gas bubbles on the surface of the inclusions. As a result, a kind of flotation of the inclusions towards the slag on the surface of the melt takes place. Further the high reactivity as well as the gas bubbles contribute to the agglomeration of the fine inclusions to big clusters which flow due to buoyancy forces to the surface of the melt or are filtrated on the surface of active filters, which do not form gas bubbles but provide on their functionalized surfaces the same chemistry as the inclusions for a sufficient adhesion and as a result for a sufficient filtration of the inclusions. With this approach a purification higher than 95% can be achieved. Another topic is dealing with carbon-bonded filter materials based on environmentally friendly binder system based on lactose and tannin. Furthermore, functional calcium aluminate coatings in combination with carbon are studied with regard to their impact on the active/reactive filtration and flotation in steel melts, respectively. Another major focus is the investigation of water-soluble filter skeleton-templates, which are produced by 3D-hybrid-printing techniques and coated by flame spraying technology. Subsequently, the filter skeleton-templates are removed in water, avoiding sharp-edged cavities inside the filter.
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Hashim, Syed Alay, Nancy Manish, Deepam Mishra, and Krishna Ahuja. "Reduction of the Passage Between the Flame Tubes of the Combustor for a Millimeter Size Gas Turbine Engine in the Art of Micromachine Technology." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer India, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1871-5_25.

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Raja, Mohsin, Ibrahim Bawazir, Ihab Abdelmohsen, Khalid Bashir, and Khalifa Ahmed Al-Sulaiti. "Qatargas Flare Reduction Program." In Proceedings of the 4th International Gas Processing Symposium. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-63461-0.50027-4.

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AlGhanim, Noora, Majeda Khraisheh, and Farid Benyahia. "Flare Reduction Options and Simulation for the Qatari Oil and Gas Industry." In Proceedings of the 3rd Gas Processing Symposium. Elsevier, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-59496-9.50002-3.

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"TABLE 11 Common Methods of Processing Sorghum for Use in Livestock Feed Category Type of process Procedure Characteristics Mechanical action Grinding/Rolling Particle size reduction using hammer, Most commonly used, least expensive. plate, pin, or roller mills. Increase feed efficiency and digestibility by 10-20% of whole grain. Wet process Reconstitution Increase grain moisture to 25-30%. Wet Improves feed efficiency about 10-15% grain is anaerobically stored for 2-3 over dry ground grain due to higher weeks prior to grinding and feeding. protein and energy digestibility. Early harvest Grain is harvested at 20-30% moisture Similar to reconstitution. and stored anaerobically or with organic acids (e.g., propionic). Grain is ground prior to or after storage. Soaking Soak grain in water for 12-24 h. Feed Tendency for grain to ferment or sour. whole or crush. Only limited use. Heat and moisture Steam-rolling Grain subjected to live steam (180°F) Slight increase over dry rolling. Reduces 3-5 min then rolled. fines and dust. Steam-flaking Grain exposed to high moisture steam Most common method in feedlots. Thin for 5-15 min to reach 18-20% flaking of sorghum increases moisture. Then grain is rolled to digestibility and feed efficiency equal desired flake thickness. to that of reconstitution. Pelleting Ground grain is conditioned with steam, Reduces dust, improves palatability, forced through a die, and pellets are uniformity, and handling of feeds. cooled. Prevents segregation of micronutrients. Exploding Grain exposed to high-pressure steam, Similar to puffing of cereals for breakfast the starch is gelatinized, the pressure foods. Feed efficiency is similar to is decreased, and rapid expansion of steam flaked or reconstituted grain. the kernel occurs. Hot dry heat Popping Hot, dry air expansion of grain. Bulk Ruptures endosperm increasing starch density is low. Density is increased availability. Feed efficiency is similar by spraying with water and rolling to steam flaking or reconstitution. sometimes. Micronizing Heat grain with gas-fired infrared Feed efficiency similar to steam flaking, burners to the point of eversion exploding or popping. Bulk density followed by rolling through a roller similar to steam-flaked grain. mill. From Refs. 14, 43, 44, and 86. sorghums, especially waxy endosperm types, have im-sorghum production is consumed directly by humans proved feed-processing properties [62]. [71,88]. Moist, dry, and semi-moist pet foods contain sorghum at For the production of most traditional foods, sorghum is various levels depending upon the formulation. The avail-decorticated using a wooden mortar and pestle. Hand-ability of new food-type sorghums with light color and decortication is a laborious chore generally done by house-bland flavor will lead to more use of sorghum in pet foods. wives. Sorghums with thick pericarp and hard endosperm are preferred because they are easier to decorticate [93]. In some instances, mechanical dehullers are used to service Xl. PROCESSING FOR FOOD small villages and urban areas. Milling yields are related to A. Traditional Food Systems kernel hardness, size, and shape. Most of the sorghums are milled to remove 10-30% of the original weight. The use Sorghum is processed into many different traditional foods of diesel or electrically powered abrasive mills for de-around the world (Table 12). About 30-40% of world hulling and grinding has been increasing slowly." In Handbook of Cereal Science and Technology, Revised and Expanded. CRC Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420027228-21.

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Conference papers on the topic "Flare gas reduction"

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Al Hajri, Abdulla, and Mohsin Basheer. "Flare Purge Gas Reduction Offshore Exercise." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/177518-ms.

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Al Dhahli, Mohammed, Michael Proot, and Mihajlov Rodoljub. "Energy Conservation Through Flare Reduction." In SPE Middle East Oil and Gas Show and Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/164332-ms.

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Mohamad Nor Azli, Mohamad Farizal Bin, and Shi Ming Seah. "Major Greehouse Gas Reduction from Flare Verification." In SPE/IATMI Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/215455-ms.

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Abstract Membranes are utilized in Acid Gas Removal System (AGRS) at offshore platform to remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from sour gas reservoirs. CO2 selectively permeates the membrane compared to methane and the CO2 rich stream is sent to flare system as permeate flare. This permeate flare is measured by an Ultrasonic Flowmeter (USM) installed as permeate flare meter in 2020. When verification exercises was done, it was first observed that there was a huge discrepancy in mass balance values with the mass output being significantly higher than mass input by 10 to 20%. Upon verification of the inputs from permeate flare meter to Distributed Control System (DCS), it was initially hypothesized that standard density input assumptions of 0.714kg/Sm3 is unrepresentative of the density values of the supposedly CO2 rich permeate flare. This has caused a large overestimation of permeate flare values. Operations crew at offshore platform utilized CO2 sampling tubes as a solution for quick sampling of permeate flare and sampling results yielded CO2 compositions of 40 mol% which was the maximum limit of the tubes. Using a conservative approach of assuming the remaining composition of permeate flare to be methane, the permeate flare standard density was then estimated to be at 1.156kg/Sm3. Applying these setting to the input at DCS then yielded an initial 39% decrease to permeate flare values. Meanwhile, third party analysis of permeate flare compositions are conducted on a later date with density values from permeate flare compositional analysis and differing. The team studied further into the capabilities of the permeate flare meter on live density calculation and proceed to set up trending for calculated density from the meter. The density values calculated by the permeate flare meter were comparable to sampling results. Furthermore, the mass balance between input and output has significantly been improved to be within 3% to 5% of each other. As a result, the team has successfully achieved reduction in reported permeate figure by 4.81 mmscf/d annualized or 97034.26 tCO2e.
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Mirza, Bashir. "Qatar LNG Terminal Flare Gas Reduction Project - JBOG." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. International Petroleum Technology Conference, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-17233-ms.

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Mirza, B. "Qatar LNG Terminal Flare Gas Reduction Project – JBOG." In IPTC 2014: International Petroleum Technology Conference. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.395.iptc-17233-ms.

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Cottingham, Byron, Zach Bowman, and Paul Kirch. "A Case Study of Flare Gas Reduction and Power Generation." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210156-ms.

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Abstract In the current energy industry, there is a strong emphasis on environmental, social, and governance (ESG). Specifically, managing the flaring of natural gas. Globally, 142 bcm of natural gas was flared in 2020. This resulted in around 265 Mt CO2, nearly 8 Mt of methane, and other GHGs being directly emitted into the atmosphere (Schulz, 2021). We have a focus of eliminating the emissions surrounding flare gas by utilizing the EPA’s Avoided Emissions and geneRation Tool. The technology does this by utilizing a waste gas stream that would otherwise be combusted or flared and turn it into useable grid power. The waste gas stream is collected from the well and production equipment, then combusted in a natural gas generator. Power from the generator is converted to DC power, sent to a small capacitive bank, electronically synced, and sold back to the power grid using a 208 or 480v 3 phase connection. All applicable operational data is collected via sensors (power, pressures, errors, flow), stored in a database, and visualized through a website. This paper presents and discusses a case study of using this waste gas stream technology to not only generate electricity but significantly decrease the emissions into the atmosphere through the EPAs avoided emissions tool. The first step involves identifying the appropriate pad site with stranded or flare gas volumes of at least 50 mcfd. Once a site is identified, the next step involves determining what the electrical infrastructure on location comprises and if it has 480v 3-phase power. With the location identified it is time to bring the unit on site. The unit is comprised of a natural gas generator skid and the patented technology skid. We installed a VRU and tied directly into the flare line and through a scrubber to the generator. The next step is to move the power to the proprietary technology skid unit and clean the DC power to grid acceptable AC power. We then moved the clean AC power to run the production equipment on site and the balance onto the power grid. On our case study test site, we captured 1.4 mmcf that would have otherwise been leaked into the atmosphere and generated approximately 80 MW that was sold back to the grid. The technology presented in this paper reduced GHG emissions, provided a power source on location, and generated revenue for the operator. Our case study application would reduce GHG emission by approximately 3,400 lbs. in a one-year timeframe. The result of this technology is a new and novel technique for the energy industry to use to decrease emissions, generate onsite power, and generate revenue from selling power back onto the grid.
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Ritter, Karin, Robert Siveter, Theresa M. Shires, and Miriam Lev-On. "Industry Guidelines For Advancing Ghg Emission Reductions: Focus On Flare Reduction Projects." In SPE International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/126860-ms.

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Koh, Liang Yi, Agnes Hui Bing Sia, and Nurul Syuhada Mahmud. "Green House Gas Emission Reduction Through Process Improvement at Flaring System in Offshore Gas Production Platform in Malaysia." In SPE/IATMI Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/215483-ms.

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Abstract In supporting PETRONAS Net Zero Carbon Emissions by 2050 (NZCE 2050) goal to achieve Zero Flaring & reduce Green House Gas Emission, a Flare Improvement Study was conducted to reduce the flaring emission at Low Pressure (LP) Flare at an offshore gas platform and avoid value leakage. Root Cause Analysis (RCA) had been initiated using the Fault Tree Analysis method on high LP flaring rate & provide remediation in reducing flare rate. Several findings were identified covering all flaring sources to LP Flare System including LP Knocked Out Drum (KOD), LP Flare Line, LP Flare Tip during normal operation. The operation team investigated the root cause & found changes in flare gas composition that deviated from design. Rerouting of hot glycol vent gas into LP Flare System without being cooled down caused water condensation along flare piping while high moisture content affected flare meter accuracy. The incomplete modification unable to cool down the 100°C vent gas to at least 50°C before entering LP KOD, which had severely threatened the integrity of LP KOD that operated above its design temperature of 65°C. Other than that, the hot stream fed into LP KOD was unable to knock out liquid before exiting to LP Flare Piping. Condensation along the piping caused rapid corrosion, resulting in LP Flare Piping Line being left with remaining thickness of 1mm (about 0.04 in) before reaching minimum allowable working thickness. From LP KOD, the glycol vent gas contained water vapor + TEG (Tri-ethylene glycol) was sent to flare system. The TEG Thermal Decomposition Temperature is > 404°F or 206.5°C. When exceeded, TEG turned into organic acid & became corrosive which deteriorated flare system physical condition.
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Al Rahbi, Moosa Salim, Nada Abdullah Al Sidairi, Amal Mohammed Al Ghafri, Sultan Ahmed Al Ismaili, Ahmed Sulaiman Al Rashidi, and Kamran Fahmeed Awan. "Game Changer in Subsurface Flare Reduction." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210873-ms.

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Abstract In the fast-changing world of energy transition, The Subsurface (SS) Flare reduction project in the Gas Directorate (GD) of Petroleum Development of Oman (PDO) was kicked off beginning of 2021 to ensure continuity in growing our business and generating revenue while reducing the carbon footprint of our operations. The two main value drivers of this project were firstly to minimize HSE impact and reduce GHG emissions, in line with PDO goal towards net zero by 2050, and secondly to maximize hydrocarbon recovery. This is a first of a kind project in PDO as the GD is leading the way towards addressing subsurface flaring. We started the journey by mapping out the different flare contributors (post-frac, well testing, Flow Back Loop (FBL) units and Halite Clean out), quantifying their impact and identifying the big actors. Then, we worked with the different teams from Engineering, Well Services and Operations to build a 5-year work plan with a clear roadmap to reduce subsurface flaring by 60% in 5 years. In the first year (2021), we managed to reduce SS flaring by 37%. This reduction was accomplished by introducing two efficiency improvements which included a successful Flareless Halite Cleanout trail with a full-scale implementation plan, and the utilization of test separators in line with SMS units to verify the flared figures. This resulted in a 50% correction factor to the data on hand. Going forward, the focus will be on maturing the new technologies that will further reduce SS flare such as Green Completion, Well Head Compression (WHC) units, mobile flare gas recovery, etc. Given the complex nature of this project and the multidisciplinary efforts from Petroleum Engineers, Operations, Engineering, Well Services and New Technology, constructing a successful working plan to address this issue required effective collaboration and thinking outside of the box to find innovative solutions. As a result, we constructed a funnel of efficiency opportunities with a clear timeline including Green Completion, WHC, pre frac hook up, and mobile flare gas recovery units. Additionally organizational tools for enhancing efficiency were applied such as PPS (practical problem solving) and Goal Deployment methodologies. Such energy efficiency projects that reduce the GHG emissions with a streamlined process and identified involved stakeholders, help to better position the organizations to tackle the climate challenges. Moreover, they help to establish a better understanding of the current impact on climate and keeps an open eye for any new technology opportunity that can be materialized to reduce or eliminate GHG emissions. (Robinson & I. Russo, 2013)
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Alsuhali, Zaid, Ahmed Alsharif, and Ardian Nengkoda. "Achieving Zero Flaring in Offshore Gas Fields." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/32270-ms.

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Abstract The facilities associated with producing nonassociated gas from offshore fields consist of wellheads and tie-in platforms, which are equipped with flare systems. At wellhead platforms, the flares are maintained where a high integrity protection system (HIPS) is provided at each wellhead for over pressure protection. In addition, continuous flares are usually provided at tie-in platforms as another layer of protection. The initiative is to convert tie-in flares to maintenance, which will eliminate continuous flaring and further minimize the emissions. There are three protection layers consisting of Emergency Shutdown system (ESD) system, a HIPS system, and mechanical relief valves with partial flaring at the tie-in platforms, which activate in case both ESD and HIPS protection systems at the wellhead platform do not respond to an overpressure condition. Normally the original design will have the relief system and continuous flaring at the TPs manifolds as another protection layer. However, the HIPS design stated that the design shall ensure that HIPS alone bridges the safety risk gap. A methodology and comprehensive engineering assessment was conducted to evaluate the risk for modification of continuous flare to maintenance flare considered with partial flare and without partial flare. The study concluded that continuous flaring is no longer required and the HIPS alone is sufficient for over-pressure protection. This initiative will eliminate thousands of tons of CO2 emitted to the environment from the continuous flaring. The total cost savings analysis includes gas value creation and maintenance cost savings such as propane (fuel) burning reduction, flare tip replacements, and maintenance costs.
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Reports on the topic "Flare gas reduction"

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Olsen, Daniel, and Azer Yalin. L52360 NOx Reduction Through Improved Precombustion Chamber Design. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011536.

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several objectives were Several objectives were completed. First, a literature review was performed to assess the current technological state of prechambers. This includes state of the art design, reliability surveys, and proven prechamber design criteria. This is an enabling tool for developing new prechamber concepts for year 2 of the project. The prioritized concepts are (in order): - Improved prechamber geometry - apply high speed engine prechamber design and scale up for large bore engines. - Adiabatic prechamber - traditional prechamber will ceramic lining to reduce heat transfer to the prechamber cooling jacket - Natural Gas Reforming - reform prechamber natural gas (roughly 3% of total engine fueling) into CO and hydrogen for low emission, high flame speed ignition. - Micro Prechamber Geometry - non-fueled and fueled micro prechambers for igniting lean engine mixtures with low NOx contribution on engine out emissions (2 concepts). - Develop diagnostic tools to evaluate the performance of prechamber concepts. The tools developed were combustion visualization utilizing high speed cameras, heat release analysis, and spectroscopy.
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Beshouri. PR-309-04200-R01 Modeling Methodology for Parametric Emissions Monitoring System for Combustion Turbines. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010731.

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Prior attempts to develop a generic Parametric Emissions Monitoring methodology for combustion turbines, particularly low emissions units, have failed due either to the reduction of a complex problem to too few degrees of freedom or the brute force reliance on regression analysis. Field test data collected by the research team clearly illustrated that a successful PEMS model will need to incorporate multiple zones to account for pilot fuel versus pre-mixed combustion, and changes in air/fuel ratio at the flame front. The information reported herein shows that, ideally, the PEMS model should rely on speed, fuel flow, compressor discharge pressure and temperature, and ambient conditions as the inputs. The model can utilize (combustion turbine) turbine discharge temperatures as cross checks and/or for tuning. Make and model specific geometric characteristics should include compressor air flow versus speed, air splits between the combustor and the cooling air, and the fuel splits between diffusion and premixed. Finally, the model should be able to accommodate fuel that varies in composition based on provided gas speciation.
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